Unit 2Robots
[核心词汇]
1．desire n．渴望；欲望；渴求
v t.希望得到；想要
2．envy v t.忌妒；羡慕
3．bound adj.一定的；密切相关的
4．divorce n.离婚；断绝关系
v t.与……离婚；与……脱离5．awful adj.极坏的；极讨厌的；可怕的；(口语)糟透的
6．staff n.全体员工；手杖
7．junior adj.较年幼的；资历较浅的；地位较低的
n.年少者；晚辈；等级较低者8．sympathy n.同情(心)
9．affection n.喜爱；爱；感情
[拓展词汇]
10．satisfy v t.使满足；使满意
→satisfactory adj.令人满意的；够好的
→satisfying adj.令人满意的
→satisfied adj.满意的
→satisfaction n.满意；满足；令人满意的事物
11．favour n.喜爱；恩惠
v t.喜爱；偏袒
→favourable adj.赞成的；有利的
→favourite adj.最喜爱的
12．talent n.天才；特殊能力；才干
→talented adj.有才气的；有才能的
13．accompany v t.陪伴；伴奏
→company n.伙伴；伴侣；同伴
→companion n.同伴；伙伴
14．alarm v t.使警觉；使惊恐；惊动
n.警报；惊恐
→alarmed adj.担心的；害怕的
15．declare v t.宣布；声明；表明；宣称
→declaration n.宣言；公布
16．obey v t. &v i.服从；顺从
→disobey v t. &v i.不服从；违抗
17．assess v t.评价；评定
→assessment n.评价；评定
1．test out 试验；考验
2．ring up 给……打电话
3．turn around 转向；回转
4．leave alone 不管；别惹；让……一个人待着；和……单独在一起
5．set aside 将……放在一边；为……节省或保留(钱或时间)
6．in all 一共；总计
7．be bound to 一定做
8．in favour of 支持；赞成
is 4.can't have you speaking to your mother
点释5个考纲单词
desire n ．渴望；欲望；渴求vt.希望得到；想要
[小试身手] 单句语法填空
①Our students come from different backgrounds but have the same desire
(learn) online.(2015年安徽高考·阅读理解)
我们的学生来自不同背景但是都有相同的上网学习的渴望。
【导学号：47562138】
②We always desire (live)in harmony with our neighbors.
我们一向希望邻里之间和睦相处。
③He has a desire success though he has failed many times.
尽管他失败了许多次，但是他仍然渴望成功。
【答案】①to learn②to live③for
他希望赢得这场比赛。
①(desire v．)
②(desire n．)
③(desire that...)
【答案】①He desired to win the game.②He had a desire to win the game.
③He desired that he(should)win the game.
favour n．喜爱；恩惠；帮忙；优惠；支持vt.喜爱；偏袒(＝favor)；有利于
[小试身手]单句语法填空
①I'm writing to ask you to do me favour.
我给您写信想请您帮我个忙。
②They voted in favour the prohibition of smoking in public areas.
他们投票赞成禁止在公共场所吸烟。
【答案】①a②of
sympathy n．同情；同情(心)；赞同；支持
[小试身手]介、副词填空
①I have great sympathy people in trouble.
我对那些处于困境中的人们充满同情。
②I'm sure she will be in sympathy your proposal.
我确信她一定赞成你的建议。
【答案】①for②with
accompany vt.陪伴；伴奏；附有；配有
[小试身手]用accompany的适当形式填空
①She asked me (accompany)her to the airport.
她要求我陪她到机场去。
②Thunders (accompany)by heavy rain in this season are very common.
这个季节，雷鸣常常伴有大雨。
【答案】①to accompany②accompanied
the piano.
她在台上精彩地跳舞时，她的母亲在为她钢琴伴奏。
[名师点津]
accompany当“陪同，伴随”讲时，本身就有go的含义，所以不再与go连用。例如：
As he was not allowed to accompany her to go shopping，he wrote out a list of items for her.(×)
As he was not allowed to accompany her to the shop，he wrote out a list of items for her.(√)
declare vt.宣布；宣告；声明；断言；宣称
[小试身手]单句语法填空
①They declared him (be)the winner.
他们宣布他为获胜者。
②Nobody present declared the plan for next term.
在场的没有人声明反对下学期的计划。
【答案】①to be②against
他断言那是真的。
①(declare that...)
②(declare...to be...)
【答案】①He declared that it was true.②He declared it to be true.
诠释2个核心短语
ring up给……打电话
[小试身手]介、副词填空
①I'll ring the manager tomorrow.(朗文辞典)
明天我会给经理打电话。
②He rang without giving his name.(朗文辞典)
他没留名字就挂了电话。
③I told him you weren't in，so he'd ring later.
我对他说你不在，他晚些时候会再来电话。
【答案】①up②off③back
leave...alone不管；别惹；让……一个人待着；和……单独在一起[小试身手]介、副词填空
①He's in a bad mood right now.We'd better leave him ．
他现在情绪很坏。我们最好不要打搅他。
②In class, a child with poor eyesight can soon get left ．(朗文辞典)
在课堂上，视力不好的孩子很快就会落在别人的后面。【导学号：47562139】
③No wonder you couldn't get through.You've left a zero in this phone number.
难怪你打不通。你在这个电话号码中漏掉了一个零。
【答案】①alone②behind③out
As she turned around，there stood Gladys Claffern.
她刚一转过身去，就看见格拉迪丝·克拉芬站在那儿。
句中there stood Gladys Claffern是一个完全倒装句。
[小试身手]用所给动词的适当形式填空
①There (come)the teacher and her students.
老师和她的学生们来了。
②There (live) an old fisherman near the sea.
在海边住着一位老渔夫。
【答案】①comes②lived
母亲怀里抱着两个月大的婴儿跑开了。
[多角快练]——练单词练短语练句型——————————————
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．We were much (alarm)by a fire in the neighbourhood.
2．Generally，I am in favour the conclusion.
3．He is highly (talent)young designer.
4．She was tired of the hard life in the mountain village and desired (go)out.
5．Much to my (satisfy)she puts her full heart into her work.
6．The singer was accompanied the piano by her sister.
7．—My parents died when I was very small，and I started to make a living by selling newspapers at the age of ten.
—I really have much sympathy you.
8．Leave him ，and obviously he has already become blind drunk.
【导学号：47562140】9．Marriages based on money rather than love are bound (end)in divorce sooner or later.
10．I (declare)at the meeting that I didn't support him.
【答案】 1.alarmed 2.of 3.talented 4.to go 5.satisfaction 6.on7.for 8.alone9.to end10.declared
Ⅱ.选词填空
—I know，but I have really been too busy recently.
2．There are 58 students in our class，including 24 girls.
3．If Tom were here，they would be together and looked at each other，not him ．
4．You've done so much work.You pass the exam.
5．The moment I am informed of the result，I will you ．【答案】 1.set aside 2.in all 3.leaving；alone
4．are bound to 5.ring；up
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
结合教材文本，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
A robot 1.(use) for housework was tested out in a family.He looked like a tall and handsome man with smooth black hair，2.(speak) in a deep https://www.doczj.com/doc/fc17782541.html,rry was going to be away from home so he hired such a robot to accompany his wife Claire.Claire didn't like the idea at the beginning, 3.she agreed to it at last.4.her first sight of Tony, Claire was alarmed.When Tony offered to help her dressing, Claire felt 5.(embarrass).6.(gradual), Tony began to win Claire's trust.He helped Claire realize her dreams by making her home elegant, giving her a new haircut, changing the makeup she wore and giving her advice on her dresses.Therefore, at the party all the guests 7.were invited 8.(fill) with admiration when they saw her house was 9.(complete) changed.
After the test, the company was satisfied with Tony's report 10.he had successfully made a woman regain her confidence.
【答案】 https://www.doczj.com/doc/fc17782541.html,ed 2.speaking 3.but 4.At 5．embarrassed 6.Gradually 7.who8.were https://www.doczj.com/doc/fc17782541.html,pletely10.because
Ⅱ.应用文写作——想象类写作
大学生活即将开始，你将面对新的学习和生活环境。请根据提示写一篇英语短文，谈谈你打算如何安排你的大学生活。
内容要点应包括：1.确定新的学习目标；
2．改进学习方法；
3．学会独立生活；
4．参加各种课外活动；
5．处理好与同学的关系。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【参考范文】
After I enter college，I plan to set new goals in my study and improve my way of learning.What's more，as I am away from my parents，it is necessary for me to learn to live on my own，such as doing some washing and cleaning by myself.In my spare time，I will take part in various school activities.For example，I will often go to the English Corner to practice my spoken English.In addition，I need to get along with my classmates and teachers at college.I think I will have a wonderful college life.
Ⅲ.概要写作
细读P16教材课文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Isaac Asimov(1920-1992)was a Russian-born American writer.(要点1)He was talented in writing，when he realized it，he gave up teaching and became a professional writer.(要点2)His works had great influence over other writers.(要点
3)Asimov had two marriages and two children.He died of AIDS in New York in 1992.(要点4)
普陀区 2017 学年第一学期高三英语质量调研英语试卷 I. Listening Comprehension Section A 10% Directions:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Mother and child. B. Teacher and student. C. Husband and wife. D. Boss and secretary. 2. A. They like reading today’s paper. B. They are interested in today’s paper. C. They found nothing interesting in today’s paper. D. They have no idea what the paper is about. 3. A. In the concert. B. In the theatre. C. In the exhibition. D. In the studio. 4. A. Getting ready to board a plane. B. Queuing up for the check-in. C. Meeting friends at the arrivals. D. Waiting at the baggage claim area. 5. A. The man doesn’t care which colour is chosen. B. The woman prefers the colour. C. The man is concerned about the colour. D. The man intends to choose a different colour. 6. A. Doing a lot of homework. B. Staying focused in class. C. Sleeping for a short break. D. Devoting all her spare time to learning. 7. A. He was chairman of the club. B. He wanted to learn a new language. C. He wanted to know more about the club. D. He was interested in international advertisement. 8. A. The man should work hard. B. The man should turn down the job offer. C. The man may have another chance. D. The man can apply for the job again. 9. A. Its ending is not good enough. B. Its structure is not satisfying. C. It deserves an award. D. It is good except for the writing skills. 10. A. She likes watching instead of playing. B. She is a good team sports player. C. She doesn’t like any kind of sports. D. She likes taking part in team sports. Section B 15% Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11.A. It contains protein. B. It contains water. C. It helps the brain work properly. D. A full stomach leads to a good sleep. 12. A. Sleep helps the brain control the senses. B. Sleep promotes rest. C. Sleep helps the brain revise and store information.
普陀区2016学年第一学期髙三英语 I.Listening Comprehensio n Section A10% Directions：In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard 1. A.Relaxed B.Annoyed C. Worried. D. Satisfied 2. A. On February 1st. B. On February 2nd. C. On February 3rd D. On February 8th. 3. A. A basketball player. B. A laundry worker. C. A window washer. D. A rock climber. 4. A. To a stationery shop. B. To a gymnasium. C. To a paint store. D. To a news stand. 5. A. Ask for something cheaper B. Buy the purse she really likes C. Protect herself from being hurt. D. Bargain with the shop assistant. 6.A. She doesn't plan to continue studying next year. B.She has already told the man about her plan. C.She isn’t planning to leave her university. D.She recently visited a different university
黄浦区2018学年第一学期期末质量试卷 高三英语 （满分140分，完卷时间120分钟）2018.12 Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions：After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Just How Buggy is Your Phone? What item in your home crawls with the most germs? If you say ___21___ toil et seat, you’re wrong. Kitchen sponges top the list. But cell phones are pretty dirty too. They contain around 10 times as many germs as toilet seats. People touch their phones, laptops, and other digital devices all day long, yet rarely clean them. In one incident, a thief paid a terrible price for stealing a germy cell phone. He stole it from a hospital in Uganda during a widespread of the deadly disease Ebola. The phone’s owner reported the theft before ___22___（die）from the disease. Soon, the thief began showing symptoms and finally ___23___（confess）to the crime. ___24___ in that unusual case a cell phone carried dangerous bacteria, not all germs are bad. Most cause no harm. In fact, they could provide helpful information. Look at the surface of your phone carefully. Do you see some dirty mars?“That's all you,”says microbial ecologist Jarrad Hampton-Marcell.“That’s biological information.” It turns out that the types of germs that you apply all over your phone or tablet are different from ___25___ of your friends and family. They’re like a fingerprint that could identify you. Some day in the future, investigators may use these microbial fingerprints to solve crimes. Phones and digital devices may be one of the best places to look for buggy clues. In a 2017 study, researchers sampled a range of surfaces in 22 participants’ homes, ___26___ countertops and floors to computer keyboards and mice. Then they tried to match the microbial fingerprints on each object to its owner. The office equipment was easiest to match to its owner. In an ___27___（early）study, a different group of researchers found that they could use microbial fingerprints to identify the person who ___28___（use）a computer keyboard even after the keyboard sat untouched for two weeks at room temperature. One day, microbial signatures might show ___29___ people have gone and what they have touched. They could prove ___30___ an unmarked device is yours. So, sure, your phone is pretty germy. Does that inspire you, or does it just bother you? Section B Directions：Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
2016届上海普陀高三一模 考试时间：120分钟满分：150分 II. Grammar and Vocabulary （26分） Section A Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. (A) Different forms of hospitality (好客) I am a British woman social anthropologist (人类学家). I once spent a year in Moldova, in Eastern Europe, （25）______ (study) everyday life in the country. I stayed with a Moldovan family to see from the inside how people managed their lives. I had a wonderful time and made many new friends. What I observed is of course based on my own experience at a particular place and time. I often found (26) _______ surprisingly difficult to see life there through the eyes of a Moldovan. This was (27) ______ the people I met were extremely hospitable and I was treated as an honoured guest at all times. As my hosts, they wanted me to enjoy myself, and not to get (28) ______ (involve) in shopping, cooking, or other domestic jobs. Most mornings I was encouraged to go out to explore the city, or carry out my research, and I returned later to find that my elderly landlady and her sister had travelled across the city on buses to the central market (29) ________ (bring) back heavy loads of potatoes, a whole lamb, or other large quantities of products. I was often invited to people’s homes, and was always offered food on entering. Mo st of the adults I met enjoyed inviting friends, family, neighbours, colleagues and even strangers into their homes, (30) ______ they treated them to food, drink, and a lively hospitable atmosphere. Hosts hurried to serve guests as well and as quickly as possible. (31) ______ a household was expecting guest, large amounts of food were prepared in advance, usually by the women. Wine had already been made, generally by the men, (32) ______ were also responsible for pouring it. Unexpected visitors were still offered as much food and drink as the household (33) ______ provide in the circumstances. (B) How English family life has evolved since the eighteenth century The majority of English families of the pre-industrial age, roughly until the mid-eighteen century, lived in a rural location. Many of them owned or had the use of a small piece of land, and actually all family members were busy with agricultural work in one form or another, usually (34) _______ (grow) food for their own consumption and sometimes also producing food or other goods for sale. The labour was controlled by the husband, (35) ______ _____ his wife and children, too, had an economic value as their contributions to the family income were likely to make the difference between starvation and survival. Children worked from an early age, girls helping their mothers, and boys their fathers. School was an occasional factor in their lives. Instead, children learned by doing (36) _______ their parents showed them. Knowledge of caring (37) ______ animals, sewing was handed down from parent to child. Also, most people engaged in handicraft production in the home, and the family (38)
黄浦区2017学年度第一学期高三年级期终调研测试 英语试卷 （完卷时间：120分钟满分：140分） 2017年12月15日上午 第I卷（共100分） I.Listening Comprehension Section A Directions:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A.Before dinner. B.During the meal. C.After dinner. D.Tomorrow evening. 2. A.In a hotel. B.At a bus station. C.In a cinema. D.At an airport. 3. A.Salesman and customer. B.Boss and secretary. C.Doctor and patient. D.Doctor and nurse. 4. A.4. B. 5. C. 6. D. 7. 5. A.The lecture. B.The heat. C.The workload. D.The air quality. 6. A.Confident. B.Nervous. C.Uninterested. D.Annoyed. 7. A.Visit the company. B.Re-write his resumé. C.Get a job on campus. D.Apply for a job with PICC. 8. A.He is fearless. B.He is forgetful. C.He is helpful. D.He is thoughtful. 9. A.Talking about sports. B.Writing up local news. C.Reading newspapers. D.Putting up advertisements. 10. A.She expects to see him soon. B.She agrees with the man. C.She doesn’t believe he can do it. D.She will work for the library. Section B Directions:In Section B,you will hear one longer conversation and two short passages.After each conversation or passage,you will be asked several questions.The conversation and the passages will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions11through14are based on the following conversation. 11. A.The scientific steps to write a paper. B.A funny story that they read recently. C.An assignment of a creative writing course. D.A detective case that was just finished. 12. A.She encountered a bottleneck when writing a story. B.She was happy that she finished the story easily. C.She was expected to finish the story in a month. D.She decided to give up the story eventually. 13. A.Change to another topic. B.Give the story an ending first.
2018年上海市普陀区中考英语一模试卷 一、Part 1 Listening（第一部分：听力）（共30分） 1．（6分）Listen and choose the right picture（根据你听到的内容，选出最恰当的答案） 2．（1分）A．To the park． B．To the Bund． C．To the museum． D．To the library． 3．（1分）A．At 10：30． B．At 11：30． C．At 12：30． D．At 13：30． 4．（1分）A．coins． B．pens． C．Stamps． D．stones． 5．（1分）A．Teacher and students． B．Brother and sister． C．Mum and son． D．Customer and clerk． 6．（1分）A．By bike．
B．By bus． C．By underground． D．By car． 7．（1分）A．At a supermarket． B．At a restaurant． C．Write a library． D．At a cinema． 8．（1分）A．Write reports． B．Play computer games． C．Learn languages． D．Draw pictures． 9．（1分）A．Alice looks sad today． B．Alice's favourite subject is PE． C．John is poor at PE． D．John will take an easy test． 10．（6分）Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false（判断下列句子是否符合你听到的短文内容，符合的用T表示，不符合的用F表示） 15．Kitty started her first job to look after three little boys in a family． 16．After having too many late nights and early morning with the children，she felt very tired． 17．Kitty's friend Megan suggested that she should go to work for a better family 18．Kitty managed to get some training at a college and passed the test finally．19．Kitty likes her job because she thinks it's fun and easy to work with small children． 20．According to Kitty everyone could have his dream if he is not a top student at school． 11．（10分）Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences（听短文，完成下列内容，每空格限填一词） 21．You can hear the voice of a or a popular actress giving instructions on a taxi．
普陀区2019学年第一学期高三英语质量调研 英语试卷 考生注意： 1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。 2. 本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸 上，做在试卷上一律不得分。 3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上, 在答 题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。 I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. She is going to Thailand. B. She is going on vacation. C. She likes collecting postcards. D. She has traveled all over the world. 2. A. To go out to have a cup of coffee. B. To enjoy the coffee in the office. C. To make a cup of coffee for him. D. To help him finish the program. . C. At a sports club. D. At a theatre. 3. A. In a civil court. B. In a cybercafé 4. A. Engineering. B. Geography. C. Math. D. Physics. 5. A. 14:00. B. 17:00 C. 18:00. D: 19:00. 6. A. The man will pick up Professor Rice at her office. B. The man didn’t expect his paper to be graded so soon. C. Professor Rice has given the man a very high grade. D. Professor Rice won’t see her student in her office. 7. A. She had to be a liar sometimes. B. She is required to be slim. C. She had little chance for promotion. D. Her salary is not satisfactory.
黄浦区 2019 届第一学期期末质量监控试卷 高三英语 2018.12.14 （考试时间 120 分钟，满分 140 分，请将答案写在答题纸上） 第 I 卷（共 100 分） I. Listening (略) Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions：After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Just How Buggy is Your Phone? What item in your home crawls with the most germs? If yo u say ___21___ toilet seat, you’re wrong. Kitchen sponges top the list. But cell phones are pretty dirty too. They contain around 10 times as many germs as toilet seats. People touch their phones, laptops, and other digital devices all day long, yet rarely clean them. In one incident, a thief paid a terrible price for stealing a germy cell phone. He stole it from a hospital in Uganda during a widespread of the deadly disease Ebola. The phone’s owner reported the theft before ___22___（die）from the disease. Soon, the thief began showing symptoms and finally ___23___（confess）to the crime. ___24___ in that unusual case a cell phone carried dangerous bacteria, not all germs are bad. Most cause no harm. In fact, they could provide helpful information. Look at the surface of your phone carefully. Do you see some dirty mars? “That's all you,” says microbial ecologist Jarrad Hampton-Marcell. “That’s biological information.” It turns out that the types of germs that you apply all over your phone or tablet are different from ___25___ of your friends and family. They’re like a fingerprint that could identify you. Some day in the future, investigators may use these microbial fingerprints to solve crimes. Phones and digital devices may be one of the best places to look for buggy clues. In a 2017 study, researchers sampled a range of surfaces in 22 participants’ homes, ___26___ countertops and floors to computer keyboards and mice. Then they tried to match the microbial fingerprints on each object to its owner. The office equipment was easiest to match to its owner. In an ___27___（early）study, a different group of researchers found that they could use microbial fingerprints to identify the person who ___28___ （ use ） a computer keyboard even after the keyboard sat untouched for two weeks at room temperature. One day, microbial signatures might show ___29___ people have gone and what they have touched. They could prove ___30___ an unmarked device is yours. So, sure, your phone is pretty germy. Does that inspire you, or does it just bother you? 原文出处： https://https://www.doczj.com/doc/fc17782541.html,/articles/11355/257200/5a4246c87ba75
2018年普陀区高三一模语文试卷 一积累运用（10分） 1．按题目要求填空（5分） （1），其可怪也欤！（韩愈《师说》）（1分） （2）郴江幸自绕郴山，。（秦观《·郴州旅馆》）（2分）（3）李商隐《夜雨寄北》中“何当共剪西窗烛，却话巴山夜雨时”以虚写的手法表达无限思念，杜甫《月夜》中同样虚写相聚情景的两句是“，。”（2分） 2．按题目要求选择。（5分） （1）小明宣传“节俭用餐不浪费”，要在学校食堂张贴标语，以下句子合适的一项是（）。（2分） A.由俭入奢易，由奢入俭难。 B.为俭可以助廉，惟恕可以成德。 C.俭，德之共也；侈，恶之大也。 D.奢者狼藉俭者安，一凶一吉在眼前。 （2）填入下面语段空白处的语句，最恰当是一项是（）。（3分） 身处互联网时代，，而要俯下身子，建立与公众的连结，不断拓展人们感知文化的渠道。 A.博物馆要有持久的影响力，就不能保持一成不变的严肃面孔。 B.博物馆要有广泛的影响力，就不能保持一成不变的严肃面孔。 C.博物馆要有持久的影响力，面孔就不能保持一成不变的严肃。 D.博物馆要有广泛的影响力，面孔就不能保持一成不变的严肃。 二阅读（70分） （一）阅读下面的文章，完成3—8题（16分） 我们为什么需要经典？ ①近几年，全国文学界两场较大的学术对话之一就是关于文学经典问题的讨论，全国的
各种刊物发表了70余篇参与者的文章，这是上个世纪90年代以来最热闹的一场学术争鸣，怎样的作品才算经典？人们各执一词，难辨是非。 ②只有回到“人类为什么需要经典”这样一个问题的原点上，才能洞察到解决这一问题的有效方法。可以肯定，文学史家和批评家有谁不渴望了解更多的甚至全部文学现象呢？可这并不现实，不是他们不想了解更多，而是做不到，是不可能。于是文学史家在他们所写的文学史中，譬如，据说中国唐代创作的 诗歌大概有10 人，不同程度地讨论几百首诗歌；中国人编写的外国文学史，所展开讨论的作家一般也都限制在两位数以内，集中解读的作品多则在百部左右，把提到的作品算在内一般也就在六七百部上下。在这些中外文学史中集中阐释的作家，我们在一般情况下就会称为经典作家，集中阐释的作品我们也会称为经典作品。 ③人们面对浩瀚的文学世界，只选择了一部分来接触，这并非意味着要放弃全面把握认知对象的愿望，而是要同时实现两个目的：一是较少的认知投入；二是要了解更多。前者是量力而行，后者是靠近认知目的。那么，怎样才能实现看起来相互矛盾的两个目的呢？其基本思路就是企望以“较少”代表“许多”。文学史家和批评家所提供的所谓经典不论恰当不恰当，其核心标准就是这些作家作品的“代表性”，意在通过这些“代表”来实现 的目的。 ④由此可见，文学经典就是“读者认知需要的代表”。历史上经典的选择和确认首先发生在人类的教育过程中，这一反复出现的事实同样证明着经典与人们的认知需要的紧密关联。人们在生活的经历中会遇到许许多多的疑问和困惑，这些疑问和困惑并非都是认识上的问题，还有价值认同、身份确证、理想的达成、生命的安顿等方面。虽然有很多学科都在努力寻求问题的答案，诸如哲学、伦理学、历史学、科学等，但文学能够以其形象的世界和仿佛完整的人生模式，给读者提供丰富的体验性的审视空间。从这个意义上说，阅读文学经典是人认识自身和自身处境的最好方式。 ⑤文学经典进行攀谈，体验经典的情境和生命气息，打捞经典的价值和意义，还能激励人们把这一切逐步内化为自我的精神结构和在外气质。《诗经》中温柔敦厚的君子、《荷马史诗》中传唱千年的英雄，承载着无数人的价值追求。人的自我塑造总是朝着理想进行的，现实世界常常不能提供理想的样本，在文学经典这样一种象征系统中，人们总是能找到更加富有张力的答案。对于迷惘者而言，尤其需要这样的向导。 ⑥由于文学是“个人发挥想象的乐园”，读者有条件、也有可能对作品所提供的生活情景进行二度想象和创造。无论是对经典意义上的追寻，还是对作品的二度创造都是读者独立