牛津初中英语8B unit1—unit6 知识点归纳
Unit1
一.【精选词汇】
㈠重点短语
1. the changes to Sunshine Town阳光镇的变化→the changes to… …的变化(p8)〈知识链接〉change n.变化，常用复数changes。e.g. Great changes have taken place since 1995.
2. in the southern part of town →in the southern part of…在…的南部→south →southern
〈知识链接〉east东部→eastern东部的, west →western, north →northern
3. in the past在过去→at present现在→in the future未来；将来，注意这些短语中的介词和冠词。
4. turn the place into a park →turn…into…把…变成…
〈知识链接〉①Heat turns water into vapor.热使水变成蒸气。②Turn this sentence into English.
5. play cards and Chinese chess打牌、下象棋，e.g. It?s pleasant to play cards and Chinese chess.
6. water pollution水污染→air pollution空气污染，noise pollution噪音污染(p9)〈知识链接〉Water pollution was a problem before.
7. used to dump its waste i nto water →used to do sth过去常做某事，注意否定式、疑问式的形式
〈知识链接〉⑴used to do sth →否定式used not to do sth或didn?t use to do sth→疑问式Did sb use to do sth?或Used sb to do sth? ⑵There be和used to合用的形式为There used to be。
根据要求进行句型转换：She used to teach history. ①否定式：She used teach history.或She didn?t teach history. ②疑问式：she teach history?或Did she teach history?
〈用法拓展〉⑴be used to do sth＝be used for doing sth被用于做某事，e.g. Stamps are used to send letters.＝Stamps are used for sending letters. ⑵be/become/get used to sth习惯于某事，be/become/get used to doing sth习惯于做某事，e.g. ①My grandma used to live in the city but now she has got used to the country life. ②Tom is used to getting up early.
8. in some ways在某种程度上；在某些方面→in this way以这种方式
9. feel a bit lonely from time to time →from time to time＝at times＝sometimes有时；不时地
〈知识链接〉⑴a bit＋形容词原级或比较级＝a little＋形容词原级或比较级，有点…
⑵a bit of＋不可数名词＝a little＋不可数名词e.g. a bit of water＝a little water
〈用法拓展〉not a little＝very非常，not a bit＝not…a t all一点也不
10. throw away扔掉…→“动词＋副词”结构，e.g. throw it/them away
11. have an interview with sb＝interview sb采访某人；对某人面试；与某人面谈(p12)
〈知识链接〉①My parents have had an interview with my teacher. ②They
interviewed 20 people for the job. ③There are a number of interviews with some famous football players.
12. the best model I have ever seen 我曾见过的最好的模型(p17)
〈知识链接〉the＋形容词最高级＋名词单数＋sb have/has ever done，某人曾做过的最…的…
the most wonderful film (that) he has ever watched他看过的最精彩的比赛
〈用法拓展〉⑴ever通常用于疑问句中或否定句中。e.g. ①Have/Has sb ever done sth?
②Nobody ever stepped in this cavern.没人曾经踏进过这洞穴。
⑵ever since…自从…起到现在(用于现在完成时)，for ever＝forever 永远；永久地
13. move into the new flats→move into…搬进…，move out of…搬出… (p18)
14. lend me a book→lend sb sth＝lend sth to sb把某物借给某人，是“借出”。
〈知识链接〉borrow sth from sb向某人借某物，是“借入”。
15. a recent photo一张近期照片，write about the changes to Moonlight Town (p21)
16. a tourist attraction旅游胜地→attraction n. 吸引；向往的地方→attract vt.吸引→attractive有吸引力的①It has become a new tourist attraction. ②Hepburn?s beauty and charm attracted Colette?s attention.
㈡词汇解析
1. 常见的交通工具：bike/bicycle, bus, double-decker双层巴士, coach长途汽车, tram有轨电车, taxi, train, underground, light rail轻轨, plane, hot-air balloon热气球, aero done滑翔机
2. Using a dictionary: The words in a dictionary are in alphabetical order from “A” to “Z”. This helps us find the words we want quickly. If two words starts with the same letter, we look at the second letter to decide the alphabetical order. If the first two letters of two words are the same, we look at the third letter, and so on. e.g. The word “ball” comes before the word “banana”.
3. century＝one hundred years世纪；百年。⑴某世纪用序数词。如：21世纪the twenty-first century。⑵“在某世纪”用介词in，如：in the 20th century在20世纪。
二.【重点句型】
1. —Eddie, have you seen my food? —Yes, I?ve just eaten it. (p6)
2. You?ve changed, Eddie. You were kind. Now you?re not. I don?t want to play with you any more.
3. You?ve changed too. You always wanted to play with me. →always＋过去式＝used to do sth
4. Coaches have been in use/service in Beijing since 1958. →have been in use＝have been used
5. I moved here with my family when I was two years old and have lived here since then. (p8)
6. Have you ever moved house? →move house搬家
7. We lived till 1965, when I got married. →get married结婚→get/be married to sb 与某人结婚
〈知识链接〉⑴marry sb与某人结婚，e.g. She married a football player. ⑵marry sb to sb把某人嫁给某人，e.g. He married his daughter to an actor. ⑶get/be married to sb和某人结婚，e.g. Yao Ming got married to Ye Li on 6 August, 2007. ⑷表示“已经结婚”用have/has got married，表示“已经结婚多久”用have/has been married for＋时间段或since＋时间点。e.g. ①They have got married. ②They have been married for 5 years.不能说成They have got married for 5 years.
〈用法拓展〉marriage n.婚姻e.g. They will celebrate their fifty years of marriage next month.
8. Has Sunshine Town changed a lot over the years? →change a lot变化大
〈知识链接〉over the years＝in the last/past years这些年来，这是现在完成时的一个标志。
9. There once was a shoe factory…. →There once was/were…＝Once there was/were…从前有…。
10. Later, the government realized it was a very serious problem and took action to reduce the pollution. →take action to do sth采取行动做某事，reduce the pollution 减少污染(p9)
〈知识链接〉⑴action ①(拍摄影视时用语)开始②动作，e.g. action film动作片，action star动作明星
⑵a very serious problem非常严重的问题→problem(需要着手解决的)问题；难题，question(需要回答的)问题e.g. solve a Maths problem, answer my question
11. It is different for him to see some of them as often as before. (p12)
〈知识链接〉⑴It is＋adj.＋for sb to do sth. ⑵as often as before像以前一样经常→as…as…
12. Things have changed a lot over the years.＝Great changes have taken place over the years.
13. When I was in primary school, my mo ther took me to school. → take sb to school 送某人上学
14. I have the same feeling too. Do you sometimes stay after school to chat with friends? (p19)
15. The changes to Moonlight Town have brought advantages, but they have also caused many problems for people. (p22)
〈知识链接〉⑴bring advantages to …给…带来好处，advantage优点；有利条件→disvantage缺点；不利条件⑵cause problems for…给…带来麻烦
Unit2
一.【精选词汇】
㈠重点短语
1. go on a trip to South Hill →go on a trip to…去某地旅游(p24)
2. take you out for a few days带你出去玩几天→take sb out带某人出去
3. go hiking, go skiing →go＋v-ing去做某事，see/enjoy the beautiful view观看/欣赏美景(p25)
4. a symbol of Japan →the symbol of…的象征，e.g. Red is the symbol of danger.红色是危险的象征。
5. have a really fantastic time＝have a good/great/wonderful time＝have fun＝enjoy oneself (p26)
6. at the entrance在入口处→at the exit在出口处
7. move at high speed高速运转→at a speed of…以…的速度，at a speed of 100 km an hour
8. scream and laugh through the whole ride →through从物体的内部穿过
9. a fast food restaurant快餐店→fast food快餐，国际著名快餐店：KFC肯德基，McDonald?s麦当劳
10. clap and stream with joy高兴地拍手尖叫→介词短语with joy相当于副词修饰动词。(p27)
11. watch a three-D film，watch fireworks, look shiny and beautiful under the fireworks
12. in all总共；共计→first of all首先
13. scream with excitement兴奋地尖叫→ with exciteme nt＝excitedly激动地；兴奋地(p28)
〈知识链接〉excite→excited兴奋的→exciting令人兴奋的；扣人心弦的；刺激的→excitement n.激动，兴奋→with excitement＝excitedly，be excited about (doing) sth对…兴奋
14. a really delightful holiday and a meaningful experience一个高兴的假期、一次有意义的经历
〈知识链接〉experience ⑴n.(C)经历；e.g. He had a pleasant experience in Hong Kong last year.
⑵n.(U)经验→experienced adj.经验丰富的，have experience in (doing) sth＝be experienced in (doing) sth在某方面有经验，e.g. ①He has experience in teaching English.＝He is experienced in teaching English. ②Dr Ma has much experience in eye operations.＝Dr Ma is experienced in eye operations. ③Chow Yun Fat is an experienced actor. He has acted in many action films.
15. buy a gift for my parents →buy sth for sb＝buy sb sth (gift比present高雅) (p33)
16. travel abroad到国外旅游→go abroad出国，e.g. He has gone abroad for further studies. (p35)
17. during this May Day holiday在“五一”假期里→during是介词，后面不能接句子。
18. three and a half hours三个半小时→one/an hour一小时，half an hour半小时→one and a half hours一个半小时，two and a half hours两个半小时(p38)
19. have a bird?s-eye view of Hong Kong →have a bird?s-view of…鸟瞰；俯视
20. a modern city of tall buildings with lights shining in the evening高楼林立、灯火辉煌的现代化城市→with lights shining作后臵定语，lights与shining是主动关系。
〈用法拓展〉He sleeps with windows closed.
21. the cultural centre of Hong Kong香港的文化中心→the cultural centre文化中心〈知识链接〉culture n.文化→cultural adj.文化的 e.g. ①popular culture大众文化②Venice is a beautiful city full of culture and history.威尼斯是一座具有深厚文化和历史底蕴的美丽城市。
〈用法拓展〉nature →natural, centre→central
22. a good place to buy things，enjoy that day most, have great fun，a seafood restaurant, desserts and snacks，enjoy our trip to Hong Kong
㈡词汇解析
1. popular tourist attractions(旅游胜地)：Mount Fuji富士山，the Great Wall，the Leaning Tower of Pisa比萨斜塔，the Little Mermaid小美人鱼，the Statue of Liberty 自由女神像，the Tower Bridge伦敦塔桥，Big Ben大本钟，the Grand Palace(泰国)大王宫，the Pattaya Beach(泰国)芭堤雅海滩，Ocean Park(香港)海洋公园，Window of the World(深圳)世界之窗。(p25)
2. Hong Kong Disneyland(香港迪士尼乐园)的四大主题公园(theme park)：Main Street USA(美国小镇大街)，Tomorrowland(明日世界)，Fantasyland(幻想世界)，Adventureland(探险世界)。
3.⑴cheerful→cheerless, colourful→colourless, careful→careless, hopeful→hopeless meaningful→meaningless, helpful→helpless, harmful→harmless, useful→useless
⑵delightful, wonderful, successful ⑶endless, noiseless＝quiet
二.【重点句型】
1. It must be fun. Can I join you?一定很有趣。我能和你一起去吗？(p24)
〈知识链接〉⑴情态动词must(表示推测)一定，用于肯定句，反义词：can?t不可能。may可能，may not可能不。Probably, Perhaps, Maybe都是副词，通常用于句首。
⑵join sb和某人一起做某事，e.g. Kitty joined them in the Disney parade.
2. I haven?t seen you since last month. →see是瞬间动词(p26)
〈知识链接〉瞬间动词与表示一段时间的词同时出现在现在完成时的否定句中，不能变为延续性动词。
3. I met many of my favourite Disney characters, such as Sleeping Beauty, Snow White, Alice and Cinderella, Mickey Mouse and all his friends were all there too.
4. I couldn?t stop taking photos with them. →can?t/couldn?t stop doing sth禁不住做某事
〈知识链接〉can?t/couldn?t help doing sth禁不住做某事，can?t/couldn?t wait to do sth迫不及待做某事。
〈用法拓展〉stop doing sth停止做某事，stop to do sth停下来去做某事。
5. The performers all wore different costumes and waved to people while they marched across the park, singing and dancing all the way. → all the way一路上(p27)
〈知识链接〉⑴wave to sb向某人招手/挥手→wave n.波；波浪⑵march across…
迈步穿越…
⑶singing and dancing all the way是现在分词短语，作伴随状态。
6. I?m sure you?ll lo ve it.你一定会喜欢的。→I?m sure that sb will do sth.＝Sb is sure to do sth.
〈知识链接〉I?m sure that he will win the match.＝He is sure to win the match.
7. The line of people outside Space Mountain was endless. We thought it was hopeless to wait in the line.
太空山外人们排的队伍不见尽头。我们原以为排不上队了。(p30)
〈知识链接〉⑴endless无尽的；无休止的，e.g. ①endless love ②We have endless homework to do.
⑵wait in the line排队等候⑶Sb thought＋that从句，某人原以为…。
8. I?m watching an interesting TV programme. It started at 7 p.m. and has been on for haf an hour.
〈知识链接〉be on＝be shown放映→ be on show展出, e.g. ①Many old things are on show in the museum. ②When we reached the cinema yesterday, the film had been on/shown for 5 minutes.
9. ⑴She must be happy now, isn?t she? ⑵She must be happy yesterday, wasn?t she ? (p33)
〈知识链接〉must一定，表示推测时，反意疑问句中的附加疑问部分应以时间状语为准。
10. Spring is the best time for visiting Chinese garden. → Chinese garden中国园林(p35)
〈知识链接〉the best time for doing sth＝the best time to do sth做某事的最佳时节e.g.
Autumn is the best time for visiting the Fragrant Hill.＝Autumn is the best time to visit the Fragrant Hill.
11. Do you have any ideas about what to do for May Day holiday?
12. —By the way, how long does it take to fly to Singapore? —Sorry, I don?t know, but I can check it for you. →by th e way顺便问一下，check sth for sb替某人核实某事
〈知识链接〉It takes sb some time to do sth. →How long does it take sb to do sth? 13. The day of our trip to Hong Kong finally arrived. My parents and I were excited about this special trip because we all wanted to visit Disneyland and take photos with the cute cartoon characters.
→the day of one?s trip to…某人去某地旅行的那一天(p38)
〈知识链接〉⑴be excited about (doing) sth对(做)某事感到兴奋⑵take photos拍照，take photos with …和…拍照⑶cute＝lovely可爱的
14. The weather in Hong Kong is quite different from that in Beijing.香港的天气与北京不同。
〈知识链接〉在as…as…, not as/so…as…, the same as…, be different from…或形容词、副词的比较等级结构中，当主语为不可数名词时，后者用that代替。当主语是名词复数时，后者用those代替。e.g.
①Usually the pollution in big cities is much more serious than that in the countries.
②There are more books in our library than those in theirs.
15. I hope I can visit there again some day. →I hope＋that引导的一般将来时或can 从句。
〈知识链接〉some day＝one day有朝一日；(将来的)一天。one day还表示过去的“某一天”。
16. I left a book at Millie?s home. →leave sth＋地点，把某物忘在某处；forget忘记某事。
〈知识链接〉⑴The forgetful man often leaves his bag on buses.
⑵—Why weren?t you at the meeting? —Sorry, I forgot.
Unit3
一.【精选词汇】
㈠重点短语
1. I have no idea.＝I?ve no idea.＝I don?t know.我不知道。(p40)
2. turn on the TV →turn on/off打开/关闭…，turn up/down调大/调低；都是“动词＋副词”。
3. change the channel换台→on Channel…在…台，e.g. on CCTV-5→拓展：the English Channel英吉利海峡
4. different uses of computers计算机的不同用途：
draw and design, play computer games, search for information, send and receive e-mails收发电子邮件, do word processing进行文字处理, write computer programs 编写计算机程序(p41)
5. travel around the world in eight hours八小时环游地球，educational CD-ROM教育软件(p42)
6. come out (书等)出版，发行，发表，不能用于被动语态，可以转化为be published。〈知识链接〉When will her new novel come out?＝When will her new novel be published?
〈用法拓展〉⑴(太阳、月亮或星星)出现；露出，e.g. The rained stopped and the sun came out.
⑵(花朵)开放；(草)出芽，e.g. In March flowers and grass come out.
7. learn English and geography at the same time同时学英语和地理→at the same time同时
〈知识链接〉learn and play at the same time边学边玩
8. the main character主角→play the main character of…＝play the lead role of…〈知识链接〉play the role…扮演…，the best actor最佳男主角，the best actress最佳女主角
9. have/get itchy feet渴望旅行，e.g. She has gone to Australia－she has always had itchy feet.
10. help you learn English by testing your knowledge of English grammar and vocabulary (p43)
〈知识链接〉⑴by介词，通过某种方法、手段，后接名词或动词-ing。①He made a living by selling flowers. ②You can know more about the news by reading today?s newspaper.
⑵have a knowledge of有某方面的知识，e.g. ①He has a wide knowledge of painting.他在绘画方面知识渊博。②Knowledge is power.知识就是力
量。
11. one of the best on the market市面上最畅销的一种
12. choose one icon in the menu在菜单里选择一个图标，click on it for more details 点击它以了解详情→click on…点击…，left double-click on…左键双击…
13. open my new e-dictionary on my computer打开我电脑上的新电子词典(p48)〈知识链接〉“打开”电脑的软件用open不用turn on。
〈用法拓展〉⑴英汉词典an English-Chinese dictionary，汉英词典 a Chinese-English dictionary
⑵查字典：look up a word in a dictionary或look a word up in a dictionary
14. restart the computer重新启动电脑→ start vt.启动；开始→ restart重新启动〈知识链接〉re＋部分动词→再…，e.g. rebuild重建，reuse循环使用，retell复述
〈用法拓展〉set off＝start off出发；动身，set about doing sth开始做某事，着手做某事
15. check the settings检查设臵，double-click on the “auto-run” icon双击“自动运行”图标，double-click on the icon for “Tour” →double-click on the…icon＝double-click on the icon for…双击…图标，put in the CD-ROM插入光盘
16. connect the keyboard to the computer properly正确地连接键盘和电脑
〈知识链接〉⑴connect A to B连接A和B →be connected to…与…连接⑵proper adj.正确的→properly
17. grow an inch长一英寸，grow to six feet long长到六英尺长→ A foot is equal to 12 inches.
18. daily English＝everyday English日常英语→daily newspaper日报，Xinhua Daily 新华日报
19. go on short tours of Australia and New Zealand去澳大利亚和新西兰短期旅行(p52)
20. be hidden in somewhere in the Arctic被藏在北极的某个地方→be hidden＋地点，被藏在…
21. the treasure box百宝箱→treasure hunt寻宝(p55)
㈡词汇解析
1. online adj.联网的；在线的e.g. chat online网上聊天，order a package online网上订购一套
2. reach ⑴vt.到达＝get to…＝arrive at/in… ⑵达到，e.g. ①reach 18 years old年满18岁②The child isn?t tall en ough to reach the snacks on the table. ⑶reach out a hand伸出一只手
3. ⑴correctly adv.正确地→correct ①adj.正确的→incorrect→incorrectly ②vt.改正；修正，e.g. correct a mistake改正错误⑵correct正确的→wrong错误的，in the correct order按正确顺序
4. educate v.教育→education n.教育→educational ad j.教育的，e.g. ①educate oneself自修；培养②be educated at school在学校里受教育③have a good education受到良好教育
5. knowledge n.知识→know vt.知道→be known to sb为某人所知，be well known/famous for…因…而出名，be known as…作为…而出名，e.g. Samuel Clemens, who was known as Mark Twain, was a famous American writer. 塞缪斯·克
莱门斯，以马克·吐温知名，是美国名作家。
6. point ⑴n.分数e.g. get 100 points得100分⑵n.小数点e.g. 1.732读作one point seven three two
⑶v.指 e.g. point out指出，point at/to…指向
7. regards(用于信函的结尾或转达问候)致意；问候→regard sb as…把某人视为…
8. company简写作Co.，e.g.有限公司company limited＝Co., Ltd。producer制作人；制造商。
9. 使用计算机Office word常用短语：create a file创建文档，keep/save the file for future use保存该文档以备用。“收发电子邮件”send and receive e-mails需要“电子信箱”e-mail address。
10. control ⑴n.(键盘上的)控制键⑵vt.控制e.g. ①The traffic lights are controlled by a central computer.交通信号灯由中心计算机控制。②This knob controls the volume.此旋钮调节音量。
二.【重点句型】
1. —What do you use your computer for? —I usually use it to search for information. (p41)
〈知识链接〉What…for?＝Why…?为什么…? e.g. What did you do that for?＝Why did you do that?
2. It sounds interesting, doesn?t it? → “陈述句＋附加疑问？”构成反意疑问句。(p42)
⑴附加疑问即“助动词或助动词的否定式缩写＋主语或there”；附加疑问部分的助动词必须与陈述句保持一致，主语必须是人称代词或there，并与陈述句主语的单复数保持一致。
⑵前肯定后否定；前否定后肯定。尤其要注意“前否定后肯定”答语的英汉差异。
⑶反意疑问句的答语为“Yes, 主语＋助动词.”或“No, 主语＋助动词的否定式”。
e.g. —Simon didn?t take part in the football match, did he? —Yes, he did. Though he wasn?t feeling well.
—西蒙没有参加足球赛，是吗？—不，他参加了。尽管他当时不舒服。
3. One day, he was lying on the grass and looking at the beautiful blue sky, when he fell asleep and had a very strange dream.一天，他躺在草地上，看着美丽的蓝天，不知不觉间睡着了，并做了个奇怪的梦。
lie ①躺→lies→lying→lay→lain ②说谎→lies→lying→lied→lied ③位于→lies→lying→lied→lied
〈知识链接〉⑴lie意思是“躺”，常用于lie down躺下，find sb/sth lying＋地点①She found a purse lying on the ground. ②I found a homeless man lying at the street corner. ⑵fall asleep睡着，e.g. He fell asleep when he was watching TV.
⑶have/dream a…dream做了一个…的梦，e.g. have/dream a strange dream
〈用法拓展〉lie ⑴说谎，e.g. ①You could see from his face that he was lying. ②tell
a lie说谎
⑵位于，e.g. Jiangsu lies in the east of China.
4. See those big clouds of different colours with questions on them? You get a point every time you answer a question correctly. →every time＋陈述句，每当…，引导时间状语从句。
〈知识链接〉get a point得一分，answer a question correctly答对一题
5. When you have got enough points, a cloud will come down and carry you off to a place you have never visited before. →you have never visited before是省略关系代词that/which的定语从句。
〈知识链接〉have got enough points获得足够的点数，carry you off to…把你带到…
6. Are you ready? Let?s go！准备好了吗？出发！
7. For example, when you reach London, you will learn about the Museum of London and many other interesting places. → ①learn about…了解… ②many other＋名词复数，其他许多… (p43)
8. Every time you pass a level, you will see a map of the world. →pass a level过一关
〈知识链接〉⑴Every time＋陈述句，每当… ⑵a map of the world世界地图→ a map of China
9. The places you have visited are marked in bright purple. 你到过的地方都标上了明亮的紫色。
10. Get it now before it is sold out. →sell out售完，be sold out被售完，sell well好卖(不用被动)
〈知识链接〉—Have you got a size M? —Sorry, they are all sold out. They sell well.
11. I?ve bought many educational CD-ROMs before, but I?ve found none of them to be any good.
〈知识链接〉find none of them to be any good没发现一个好的
12. —How can your teacher read your homework on the computer? —I can send him e-mails or print it out. → read your homework批阅作业，send sb e-mails给某人发电子邮件(p46)
〈知识链接〉on the computer在电脑上，on the screen，on TV，on the Internet(在因特网上)
13. —Do you have a new printer, too? —Yes, and it prints very quickly. →该句的print不用被动。
14. My new computer is much faster than the old one. I can type very easily, and the keyboard is very comfortable.
15. We?ve got many kinds of personal computers. This green one is called Kiwi, and it is designed especially for students. →personal computer个人电脑，简写作PC。(p48)
〈知识链接〉⑴Kiwi ①(informal)＝a person from New Zealand新西兰人②几维鸟，新西兰鸟，喙长、翼短、无尾、不能飞③kiwi fruit猕猴桃；奇异果⑵be designed especially for students特别为学生而设计
16. —Is it used widely? —Of course, very widely in Beijing. → be widely used被广泛使用
〈知识链接〉English is widely used as the second language in many countries. (be widely as…被广泛用作)
17. When a total of ten questions are answered incorrectly, the princess will become bald. (p51)
〈知识链接〉⑴total n.总数，总和e.g. ①You got 47 points on the written exam and 18 on the oral, making a total of 65.你笔试得了47分，口试得了18分，总分65分。
②Out of a total of 15 games, they only won 2.在总共15场比赛中，他们只胜了2场。⑵become bald秃顶→become＋形容词
18. The questions get more difficult as you go to higher levels.当你到更高的级别，问题就更难了。
〈知识链接〉as连词，当…时，随着…。e.g. The air will get fresher as you reach the top of the mountain.
19. She will help you when necessary.必要时她会帮助你。→if necessary如果有必要(p52)
20. Many topics are covered in the course, including travel and hotels, food and drink, and shopping and money. 这一课程涉及许多主题，包括旅游、饭店、购物和钱币。(p53)
〈知识链接〉⑴cover＝include包括；涉及⑵including介词，包括…在内，e.g.
①His talk covered/included the history between the two World Wars. ②The package includes/covers a book and two CD-ROMs. ③There were ten students left in the classroom, including Tom.
21. Can you show me how to start this online tour of Australia, please?
你能告诉我如何开启这个澳大利亚的在线之旅吗？→ how to start…是“疑问词＋动词不定式”。
22. Do you mind telling me how to use this function?你介不介意告诉如何使用这个功能？
〈知识链接〉mind介意，表示请求允许或客气地请人做事。注意以下两种表达的不同：
⑴Do/Would you mind my/me doing sth?或Do/Would you mind if I do sth?你介意我做某事吗？
表示请求对方的允许，答语为Of course not. Certainly not.或You?d better not. Better not.
⑵Do/Would you mind doing sth?你介意做某事吗？表示客气地请人做事。
①Do you mind my opening the window?＝Do you mind if I open the window?我开窗户好吗？
②Would you mind explaining that again, please?请你再解释一遍行吗？请做题—Would you mind ? I?m feeling too tired. —Of course not. Let me do it.
A. to drive
B. my drive
C. driving
D. my driving
23. Just double-click on the “Pencil” icon. …A worksheet has just appeared on the screen.
〈知识链接〉⑴appear是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态。appear出现→disappear 消失
⑵sheet n.①床单e.g. change the sheet换床单②一张(通常指标准尺寸的纸) e.g. 500 sheets
24. In which countries is the game sold? 这个游戏在哪些国家销售？(p55)
〈知识链接〉In which countries不能去掉介词in，e.g. Which city did you go to last summer?
25. The goal of the game is to travel around the world to learn the history of each place and use this knowledge to open the treasure box. →当主语是goal等时，用动词不定式be to do作表语。
三.【语法详解】被动语态
㈠英语中的语态－主动语态和被动语态
⒈英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如：①They built a new bridge over the river. (主动) →A new bridge was built over the river by them. (被动) ②Many people speak English. (主动) →English is spoken by many people. (被动)
⒉汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用“助动词be ＋及物动词的过去分词构成”，即“be＋p.p.”，其中助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化。
㈡被动语态的基本用法
⒈当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由助动词be＋过去分词构成，时态通过动词be表现出来。
⒉什么时候使用被动语态
⑴不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
①Some windows were broken last night. ②This book was published (出版) in 2005. 注意：第②句＝This book came out in 2005. come out 是不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态。
⑵只强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。
①Educational CD-ROMs are sold in many countries. ②Rice was first grown in China.
③English is learned all over the world.
注意：不及物动词或不及物动词短语无被动语态，如：appear, happen, take place 等。
㈢被动语态的基本结构
⒈动作的承受者＋be＋过去分词＋其他＋by＋动作的执行者。
简写为“承受者＋be＋过去分词＋其他＋by＋动作的执行者”。
⒉主动语态变为被动语态的步骤：
确定主动语态的时态，它决定着被动语态中的助动词be。→ 找出主动语态的主、谓、宾。
→ 按照上述句式改写：承受者+be+过去分词+其他＋by＋执行者
⑴His brother washes dishes every day. → Dishes are washed every day by his brother.
主(执行者) 谓宾(承受者) 其他
⑵Peter will clean the room tomorrow. →The room will be cleaned tomorrow by Peter.
⑶He must look after the little boy. →The little boy must be looked after by him.
⑷The students are watching a charity show. →A charity show is being watched by the students.
㈣特殊情况的被动语态
简单句五种基本形式中的其中两种变为被动语态时十分重要：
⒈主谓＋双宾：这类短语含有介词to或for。如：give, send, show, buy, make…
⑴give sb sth＝give sth to sb，buy sb sth＝buy sth for sb
主动语态：Amy gave me some nice stickers.＝Amy gave some nice stickers to me.被动语态：I was given some nice stickers by Amy.或Some nice stickers were given to me by Amy.
⑵主动：A fairy gave the princess a magic wand.＝A fairy gave a magic wand to Princess Laura.
被动：The princess was given a magic wand by a fairy.或A magic wand was given to the princess.
总结含有双宾语的动词短语变为被动语态的规则：可以把任何一个宾语作为被动语态的主语；如果把直接宾语(即物体)作为主语，动词和直接宾语之间要添加相应的介词to或for。主动语态中无论使用give sb sth 还是give sth to sb，一律按照上述句子改写，即：
give sb sth 或give sth to sb → sb be given sth或sth be given to sb，这类含有介词
一定要加上。
常见短语⑴make sb do sth→sb be made to do sth (主动语态不含to，被动语态必须带to。下同)
⑵hear sb do sth→sb be heard to do sth
⑶see sb do sth→sb be seen to do sth
⑷have sb do sth→sb be had to do sth
注意特殊例子：let sb do sth →sb be let do sth (主动语态和被动语态都不含to。)
e.g. He made the workers work 12 hours a day. → The workers were made to work 12 hours a day.
㈤主动形式表示被动意义：有些不及物动词(其主语大都指物)的主动语态可以表示被动意义。
⒈某些连系动词。这些动词有feel, taste, smell, sound, prove等。
①The coffee smells delicious. ②The story proved quite false.
⒉某些可与well, easily, quickly等副词连用的不及物动词。
①This kind of bikes sells well. ②This kind of rice cooks more quickly than that kind.
⒊某些可用于“主＋谓＋主补”结构中的不及物动词。e.g. The bag broke open.
⒋动名词在be worth doing句型中的主动形式表示被动含义。
①His novels are so well worth reading that I want one. ②These stamps are worth collecting.
⒌动名词在need, want, require等动词后，主动形式表示被动含义。need doing＝need to be done
①The problem requires dealing with immediately. ②Her bike needed repairing.
⒍动词不定式的主动形式在too…to…句型中表示被动含义。The box is too heavy to carry.
⒎有些形容词后的动词不定式有被动含义。这些形容词有easy, difficult, heavy, nice, good, pleasant, important, useful, dangerous等。
①Bad habits are easy to contract. ②English is difficult to learn.
Unit4
一.【精选词汇】
㈠重点短语
1. hold a microphone拿着麦克风→比较：The host came on stage with a microphone in his hand.
2. Congratulations!祝贺你！congratulations在向别人表示祝贺、祝福时常用复数。(p60)
3. be chosen to be/as the host of a charity show →be chosen to be/as…被选作…
〈知识链接〉be chosen to do sth被选做某事，e.g. Hepburn was chosen to play the lead role.
4. fund-raising activities for charities为慈善机构筹款的活动，advertise on the Internet在网上做广告→advertise on TV/in the newspaper/in the magazine在电视上/报纸上/杂志上做广告，organize a charity show 组织慈善演出，sell books to raise money卖书来筹款(p61)
5. give out leaflets发传单→give…out分发，动词＋副词结构，give it/them out。
6. return to school重返学校→return ⑴回到return to＋地点⑵return sth to sb把某物归还某人
〈知识链接〉⑴return to…＝go back to…回到…⑵return sth to sb＝give sth back to sb归还…
①Hong Kong returned to China in1997. ②I remembered returning the book to the library.
7. help protect rivers and lakes in China帮助保护中国的河流和湖泊→help (to) do sth帮助做…
8. host a charity show主持慈善演出，start working on the show开始着手演出工作(p62)
9. have a lot of support from local businesses得到当地企业的许多支持
〈知识链接〉have support from sb＝have sb?s support得到某人的支持，e.g. have my parents? support.
business n.⑴企业；商行⑵事情①Mind your own business.＝It?s none of your business.不关你的事。②on business因公；公干He has gone to Beijing on business.③business hours营业时间
〈用法拓展〉⑴be busy with sth忙于某事⑵be busy (in) doing sth忙于做某事(联想记忆：因为忙的时候人在做事，所以be busy之后用动词的ing形式) ⑶as busy as a bee极忙碌地
10. perform on the stage在舞台上表演→perform v. →performer n.表演者→performance n.表演
11. on the side door在侧门上，at both sides of the stage在舞台的两侧，in the middle of the stage在舞台的中间，in the four corners of the school hall在学校礼堂的四个角落里(p67)
12. design the poster设计海报，set up the stage搭建舞台，ask friends and families to come (p70)
13. make a sentence造句→make a sentence with…用…造句，keep silent保持沉默，from now on从今以后(用于将来时)，since then自那时起(用于完成时)，day and night日日夜夜，first of all首先；最重要的是，care more about…多关注…→care more about the people in need，care only about…只关心…，care about…在乎…, 关心… (p72)
14. make/do a speech演讲→freedom of speech言论的自由(p73)
㈡词汇解析
1. 中国的慈善机构：Project Hope希望工程，Spring Bud Project春蕾计划，Project Green Hope绿色希望工程，Save China?s Tigers拯救中国虎
2. TV cameras摄像机，TV station电视台→Chinese Central Television Station＝CCTV
3. rise ⑴vi. 上升，(太阳、月亮)升起→反义词set，e.g. ①The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.太阳东升西落。②The curtain rose. ⑵(水)涨高e.g. The river rose after the rain. ⑶(物价)上涨e.g. Prices have risen surprisingly.物价上涨得很惊人。〈用法拓展〉⑴rise→rose→risen vi.上升；升起⑵raise→raised→raised vt.举起；升起，筹集
二.【重点句型】
1. Only if you sleep less during the day.只要你白天少睡一些觉(p60)
〈知识链接〉only if…只要…就…；只有…才…
2. There are many ways to raise money for charity.为慈善筹款有许多方式。
3. A lot of work needed to be finished, so I don?t have much free time. (p62)
〈知识链接〉主语是事物时，need to be done＝need doing主动形式表示被动。Your clothes are so dirty. They need washing./They need to be washed. (SeeUnit 3语法详解)
4. It was my job to introduce each star.我的工作是介绍每一个明星。
〈知识链接〉当主语是job, duty, goal, purpose, aim, dream, wish等时，动词be之后用动词不定式作表语。e.g. ①Her duty is to clean the street. ②His dream is to be an explorer.
5. I couldn?t sleep at all that night because I was so excited. …Will it be a success?? I kept asking myself.
〈知识链接〉⑴not…at all根本不…；一点也不…⑵kept doing sth反复做某事
⑶be a success成功＝be successful，be a big/great success非常成功
6. No time to be nervous any more. This is it! 没有时间再紧张了。就这样吧！
〈知识链接〉(There be) no time to do sth.没有时间做某事。e.g. There?s no time to
have breakfast.
7. The fans of the pop stars were making a lot of noise, so I had to speak loudly.
〈知识链接〉⑴make a lot of noise大声吵闹→ make a noise吵闹；发出响声
⑵speak loudly大声说话→ read aloud朗读(动词＋副词结构)，read it/them aloud
8. Everything seemed to happen so fast, and now it is all over.
〈知识链接〉seem adj. 好像；似乎⑴seem (to be)＋形容词＝look＋形容词seem (to be) happy
⑵Sb seems/seemed to do sth.＝It seems/seemed that sb do sth好像/似乎某人做某事，Everything seemed to happen so fast.＝It seemed that everything happened so fast.
⑶It seems to me that sb do sth.
9. A lot of money has been donated to Project Green Hope. →have/has been＋过去分词
〈知识链接〉donate sth to sb向…捐赠某物→sth be donated to sb某物被捐赠给…
e.g.
People have donated tens of millions of yuan to Project Hope since it was founded in 1989.
10. I hope more events like this will be organized to raise money for charity and I think more people should be invited to take part in them. →more events like this更多像这样的活动
〈知识链接〉⑴invite sb to..→sb be invited to…应邀到某地，invite sb to do sth→sb be invited to do sth应邀做某事，e.g. Last night they were invited to Amy?s birthday party.
⑵take part in＝join in参加→attend出席，e.g. Many important persons attended the conference.
11. I was glad to receive your e-mail. It was great fun to be a host, wasn?t it? (p69)
12. Some children in poor areas do not have money to go to school, so Project Hope pay for their education.
〈知识链接〉pay for sth付…的款，pay some money for sth买某物付…钱
13. Our class held a meeting to talk about holding a charity show. →hold/have a meeting开会
〈知识链接〉talk about sb/sth讨论、谈论某人或某事，talk about doing sth讨论、谈论做某事
14. We have arranged work among the students.我们已在同学中分配了工作。(p71)〈知识链接〉⑴arrange vt.安排；筹备→ rearrange vt.重新安排；重新排列，arrange →arrangement，rearrange →rearrangement。e.g. They arranged a farewell party for the exchange students. ⑵among在…中(两者以上) →between在…中(两者) e.g.
①There is a wooden house among the trees. ②English is widely used for business between countries.
15. I hope that our show will be held at the school hall. I hope a lot of pop stars can be invited to the show.
〈知识链接〉⑴hope＋that引导的一般将来时或含有情态动词can的从句。⑵hope to do sth希望做某事。英语里没有hope sb to do sth，必须改为hope＋that从句。〈用法拓展〉⑴want/wish to do sth想做某事，want/wish sb to do sth想让某人做某事。⑵wish＋that从句①表示祝福、祝愿②表示不可能实现或很难实现的愿
望e.g. ①I wish you will have success at school.② I wish you a happy new year. ③I wish I were a bird and could fly in the sky freely.
16. Project Hope is an organization that raises money to build schools and buy books for poor students. (p72)
〈知识链接〉画线部分是关系代词that/which引导的定语从句，该句不能省略关系代词。
17. We would like to thank the following for their help and support.感谢以下(单位或个人)的帮助或支持。
18. We think it?s important that all children learn to read and write. 该句中的it＝that 从句。(p74)
19. Their parents have no money, so the children have to go to work instead.
这些孩子的父母没钱，所以他们得去干活。
〈知识链接〉⑴instead是副词，意思是“代替，反而，却”，表示“本应做的事没有做，反而…”。
e.g. Let him go instead. ⑵instead of＋名词/人称代词宾格/动名词/介词短语，代替…, 而不是…。①He was ill. I did the work instead of him. ②He spent his free time chatting online instead of watching TV. ③The children should go to school instead of working to support their families. 孩子们应该上学，而不是干活养家。
④She will go to Dalian by ship instead of by plane.
20. After a few songs, there was a break. (p75)
〈知识链接〉break n.暂停，休息(工作时的间歇) 常用于：have a break休息一下。
〈用法拓展〉⑴break down出故障⑵break into…强行闯入⑶break out(战争、地震、火灾等)发生→A fire broke out last night. ⑷break vi.破晓，e.g. Day broke. 天亮了。→ Night fell.天黑了.
Unit5
一.【精选词汇】
㈠重点短语
1. have some pocket money left →Sb have sth left某人剩下某物。→There be sth/sb left.剩下… (p76)
〈知识链接〉⑴She has spent all her money on this book. Now she has none left.
⑵Hurry up. There is little time left.
2. a flying eye hospital飞行眼科医院，perform/do operations做手术，teach them new skills and share our knowledge教他们新技术、分享我们的知识，watch the operations on video观看手术录像，train local doctors and nurses培训当地的医护人员(p78)
3. be used as a teaching centre被用作教学中心→ be used as…被用作…→ use…as…把…用作…
〈知识链接〉be used as…→ use…as…，e.g. English is used as the first language in the USA.
4. operate on 150 patients →operate on…＝pe rform/do an operation on…给…做手术(79)
〈知识链接〉operate→operation→operating room手术室→operating table手术台
〈用法拓展〉operate v.操作，e.g. ①Can you operate computers? ②This machine doesn?t operate well.
5. be proud to be able to help so many people → proud adj.骄傲的；自豪的→pride n.骄傲
〈知识链接〉⑴be proud to do sth因做某事而骄傲/自豪，I?m proud to be a member of the team.
⑵be/feel proud of…以…为骄傲/自豪，e.g. He is proud of his achievements.
⑶be/feel proud＋that从句，以…为荣，e.g. She?s proud that her son has so much talent. ⑷be the pride of…是…的骄傲，e.g. His great success is the pride of us.
⑸be able to＋动词原形，常用于一般现在时、一般过去时，也与情态动词must, may或助动词will等连用，e.g. You must be able to speak French for this job.
〈比较〉can/could＋动词原形，只用于一般现在时、一般过去时。
〈用法拓展〉able有才能的→ability能力→disabled残疾的, able→unable不能的→be una ble to不能
6. make the world a better place for children让世界成为孩子们的更好地方，receive/get education接受教育，work far away from home，work for ORBIS，work as a doctor当医生→work as…当…；从事…
7. make a donation to…→make donations to…＝donate money to…向…捐款，do voluntary work做义工，raise money by selling Christmas cards and organizing other fund-raising activities (p86)
8. make flow charts制作流程图，have a job like Mary?s有一份像玛丽那样的工作，finish school毕业(不用定冠词the)，train as a nurse接受护士培训→train as…接受…培训(p89)
9. do a lot of research on i t →research n.研究，e.g. scientific research科学研究(p91)
㈡词汇解析
1. 国际慈善机构(international charities)：ORBIS奥比斯，Oxfam乐施会→Hong Kong Oxfam香港乐施会，Oxfam Trailwalker乐施会毅行者活动，UNICEF联合国儿童基金会，World Vision世界宣明会，World Wide Fund for Nature＝WWF 世界自然基金会
2. indeed adv.的确，实在地，确实，用以加强肯定的语气。e.g. ⑴—Do you agree? —Yes, indeed! ⑵A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难见友情；患难朋友才是真正的朋友。
3. 部分动词、形容词加后缀可以变为名词，常见的有以下三种情况：
⑴部分动词＋后缀ment→名词：agree→agreement, advertise→advertisement＝ad, develop→development, punish→punishment, improve→impr ovement
⑵部分动词＋后缀ion→名词：invent→invention, collect→collection, donate→donation, educate →education, celebrate→celebration, organize→organization, invite→invitation, connect→connection
⑶形容词＋后缀ness→名词：ill→illness, sick→sickness, rich→richness, kind→kindness, ugly →ugliness, careless→carelessness, fit→fitness, great→greatness, careless→carelessness (粗心)
二.【重点句型】
1. I?m not used to going out before lunch. Don?t worry. Hobo, you used to be very
kind to me. Let me have lunch first. I?m so weak that I can?t walk further. →further是far的比较级。(p76)
2. Blindness affects about 45 million people around the world, mostly in poor countries, and about 80 per cent of these cases can be cured or prevented. →80% of the cases of blindness 80%的失明病例(p78)
〈知识链接〉⑴affect＝influence vt.影响→effect n.影响，常用短语have a bad/good effect on sb，e.g. ①Smoking affects your health. ②Fights in action films have a bad effect on teenagers.
⑵mostly adv.主要地；大部分地；一般地，e.g. We?re mostly out on Sundays.我们星期天一般不在家。
⑶per cent百分数，如：80%读作eighty per cent。当百分数作主语时，谓语动词的形式由百分数后面的名词而定，与“就近原则”相似。e.g. ①71% of the earth is covered with water. ②Twenty per cent of the students are from the countryside.
3. However, many people do not have the money for medical treatment. 没钱医治〈知识链接〉⑴medicine n.医学；内服药，e.g. Chinese medicine中药，traditional Chinese medicine中医，take/ have the medicine服药，study medicine学医⑵medicine→medical adj.医学的；医疗的，e.g. medical history病史，medical records 病历，medical examination体检，medical examiner法医，medical treatment医治⑶treat ①vt.治疗→treatment n.治疗，under the treatment在治疗中②vt.对待treat sb as…＝regard sb as…把…看作…；把…视为…，①Don?t treat him as a child.
②People regard Jet Lee as a talented actor.
4. Many of our patients are so poor that they can?t afford to travel to hospital, so we have to go to them. 我们的许多病人很穷，连去医院的钱都没有，所以我们得去他们那里。
〈知识链接〉⑴afford sth买得起…；有时间做…，通常与can, could, be able to 连用，一般用于否定句、疑问句中。e.g. Can we afford a new car? ⑵afford to do sth有足够的钱做某事，e.g. ①We can?t afford to buy a new house. ②Can they afford to go abroad this summer?
5. By tr aining local doctors and nurses, we hope to help even more people. →by介词，通过。
6. You?ve done such an important job that people must be really grateful to you. (p79)〈知识链接〉be grateful to sb for sth因某事而感激某人→grateful＝thankful，注意不要把grateful写成greatful。e.g. I?m grateful to you for your help and support.
7. However, the most important thing for us is that we can help people see again. that 引导的表语从句。
8. Thank you very much for your time, Dr Ma. Is there anything else you?d like to say to our readers?
马医生，感谢你抽时间接受我们的采访。你还有别的话要对我们的读者说吗？
9. Modern medicine is developing so quickly that we can treat and cure most eye problems and improve the lives of patients.现代医学发展如此之快，以至于我们能治疗并治愈绝大多数眼疾，从而改善病人的生活。注意so…that…结构中so后面形容词或副词的使用规则。
〈知识链接〉⑴life→lives生活；生命，lose one?s life/lives丧生，save one?s life/lives 挽救某人的生命，物主代词或名词所有格的单复数决定了life/lives。e.g. lose his
life, save their lives
⑵improve改进；改善；提高，e.g. You need more practice to improve your English.
10. All we need is enough money to carry on with our work.我们所需要的足够的钱，以继续我们的工作。→All we need是All that we need的省略。
〈知识链接〉carry on with sth＝carry on doing sth＝continue to do sth＝continue doing sth继续做某事，e.g. They carried on working, though they were very tired. 11. We hope people will support our work by sending donations to ORBIS.
＝We hope people will send donations to ORBIS to support our work.
12. Dr Ma said that 80% of the cases of blindness can be either prevented or cured. (p81)
〈知识链接〉either ⑴(两者中的)任何一个，e.g. You can park on either side of the street.
⑵either…or…(对两事物的选择)要么…要么…；不是…不是…；或者…或者…，作主语时谓语动词的形式遵循“就近原则”。e.g. ①I think she?s either English or American. ②I?ll buy either a camera or a MP3 player with the money. ③This afternoon he will either stay at home or go to the cinema. ④Either he could not come or he did not want to.他要么是不能来要么是不想来。⑤Either he or you are going to be invited to attend the presentation this coming Friday.
⑶either (用于否定句句尾)也，①Peter can?t and I can?t either. ②—Sandy won?t go there. —I won?t go there, either.＝Neither/Nor will I.＝Me either.
〈用法拓展〉Neither＋助动词＋主语，某某也不。So＋助动词＋主语，某某也如此。
13. After learning from the ORBIS doctors, the local doctors can then help people in their areas.
向奥比斯的医生学习之后，当地的医生们就可以帮助所在地区的人了。(p81)〈知识链接〉after作介词时，后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。当after引导的时间从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，可以省略从句的主语，并将谓语动词变为动词-ing形式：After doing…。before/when/while/as等时间状语从句的连词也如此。e.g. After he worked for ten hours, he felt quite tired.＝After working for ten hours, he felt quite tired.
14. At that time, many children?s lives were changed because of the war. (p86)
15. Pollution is such a serious problem in many parts of the world that more action ought to be taken to prevent it. → ought to＋动词原形＝should＋动词原形(p87)
三.【语法详解】used to, be used to, so…that, such…that
㈠used to, be used to的用法
⒈used to＋动词原形，过去常做某事；否定式为used not to do sth或did not use to do sth；疑问式为Did…use to do sth?或Used… to do sth? There be与used to的用法为：肯定式There used to be….；否定式There used not to be…或There did not use to be…；疑问式Used there to be…? e.g.
⑴She used to live on her own.→否定式：①She used not to live on her own. ②She didn?t use to live on her own. →疑问式：①Did she use to live on her own? ②Used she to live on her own?
⑵There used to be a clock tower. →否定式：①There didn?t use to be a clock tower.
【九年级】unit6知识点总结 unit 6 When was it invented? change the style of the shoes 改变鞋子的风格 in style时尚的，时髦的 out of style过时的 an invention 一项发明 an inventor一个发明家 with pleasure 我很乐意，相当于all right ,用于答应别人的请求，在帮助别人之前使用 It’s a pleasure. = It’s my pleasure. = My pleasure. 我的荣幸，不客气，用于帮助别人之后回答 别人的感谢。 such a great invention如此伟大的发明 in our daily lives在我们的日常生活中 seem to do sth似乎要做某事 have a point有道理 do ,does , did在动词原形前，起强调作用 the pioneers of different inventions 不同发明的先驱 wasn’t used widely没有被广泛使用 mention 动词，提到，说到，后面可以接名词、代词、doing、从句 Why did you mention it? / He didn’t mention his brother to me. I mentioned playing basketball just now and he agreed. list 动词，列举 List ten of your favorite songs.列出你最喜欢的十首歌曲。
be listed被列举 名词，清单，列表 shopping list购物清单 make a list制作清单 pleasant 形容词，令人愉快的，常作定语，修饰物 pleased形容词，使人感到高兴，满意，主语为人 be pleased to do sth很高兴做某事 be pleased with对…满意 pleasing形容词，常作表语 The trip is pleasing. by accident 意外地 I hurt my leg by accident. 偶然地 = by chance I found my purse by accident/ by chance in the library. it is said that + 句子据说 It is said that he is the best student in our school. it is reported that+句子据报道 It is reported that it will rain tomorrow. It is believed that 据认为，人们认为 It is known that 众所周知 a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong 一个叫做神农的中国统治者drinking water 饮用水 over an open fire 在室外的火上 fall into 落入 fall down 倒塌，摔倒 fall off从…摔倒 fall down from = fall off 从…摔倒 fall behind落后
人教版新课标八年级上册英语Unit8知识点归纳 Unit8Hoasyourschooltrip? 【复习目标】 ●学会询问和谈论过去发生的事情 ●了解全班同学的周末活动 【语言目标】 ●hatdidyoudoonyourschooltrip? ●Didyougotothezoo?No,Ididn't.Ienttotheaquariu. ●erethereanyshars? No,thereeren'tanyshars,butthereeresoereallysartseal s. 【语言结构】 ●规则动词和不规则动词的一般过去式 ●一般过去时的肯定句和否定句 ●Didyou.....,erethere.....引导的一般疑问句 【重点词汇】 ● aquariu,sciencecenter,giftshop,/seal,shar,octopus
● ate,too,hungout,got,/goforadrive,sleeplate,yardsale ,dayoff 【应掌握的词组】 talabout谈论，talover谈论 giveatal作报告 haveataltosb.与某人谈话 gotothebeach去海滩 haveicecrea吃冰淇淋 gotothezoo去动物园 gototheaquariu去水族馆 hangoutithone'sfriends和朋友闲逛 taephotos=taeaphoto=taepictures=taeapicture照相 0.buyasouvenir买纪念品 1.havepizza吃比萨饼 afaousactor著名的演员 3.getone'sautograph得到了某人的亲笔签名 inaprize赢得奖品 attheaquariu在水族馆 haveagreattie玩得高兴，过得愉快 ontheschooltrip在学校的旅游 BlueaterAquariu蓝色水族馆
仁爱英语八年级下u n i t6-知识点归纳
一、重点短语： 1 go on 继续 go on a spring field trip 继续去春游 go on a visit / trip to …=have a visit /trip to … 2 decide on 致力于 decide to do sth 决定做某事 make a decision 决定 3 My pleasure. = It’s a / my pleasure. 我很乐意 4 Have a good trip. 玩得愉快 Have a good / wonderful time. 5 see the sunrise 看日出 6 raise money 筹集钱 make money 赚钱 save money节省钱 7 book / order sth for sb 为某人预定、、、 8 pay for 付、、、的钱 10 plan to do sth 计划做某事 11 work out 解决 work it / them out 12 the cost of 、、、、、、的花费 the price of 、、、的价格 13 come up with 提出，想出 14 look forward to doing sth 盼望做某事 15 hear from …= get / receive a letter from 收到、、、来信… 16 in the day / daytime 在白天 at night 在晚上 in the evening 在晚上 17 place of interest 有趣的地方 Unit 6 Topic 1 SectionA 1、I have some exciting news to tell you! to tell you 是动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词news. 和news间是动宾关系。如果该动词是vi，则不要漏掉后面的尾巴—介词。 如：I have nothing to talk about. ① go on a visit to “去….参观/旅行” 类似的搭配：go on a trip 去旅行 go on a picnic 去野餐 ② a three-day visit to Mount Tai “去泰山三日游” three-day 是个复合形容词，由“基数词+连字符+名词单数”形式构成。可位于名词前作定语。 如： a 13-year-old boy 一个13岁的男孩 an 18-kilometer river 一条18公里长的河
人教版九年级英语 Unit6《When was it invented ?》知识点 1.invent v. 发明inventor n. 发明家 invention n. 发明，可数名词 The inventor has invented many inventions in the past few years. 2. be used for doing=be used to do ，用来做…（是被动语态）（这个短语的考点有两点，一是used for的意思，二是for后面用动名词）Pens are used for writing. 笔是用来写的。 used to do 过去常常做某事 be/get used to doing 习惯于做某事 put into good use 好好利用 use sth. to do 用某物做某事 给某人某样东西give sth. to sb. I gave a pen to him. 我给他一支笔。 give sb. sth. I gave him a pen. 我给他一支笔。 第 1 页共14 页
pass/offer /send/show/write/bring/sell/lend/serve/ to buy/cook/make/get/sing/prepare for 4. all day 整天all evening/night the whole day 5. salty adj. 咸的salt n. 盐 sour/sweet/bitter/hot/salty 酸甜苦辣咸 6. by mistake 错误地（犯错是：make mistakes=make a mistake，这些常见的短语大家务必要掌握） I took the umbrella by mistake. 我不小心拿错了雨伞。 7. by accident/chance 意外，偶然（常见短语，考的最多的是它的意思） I met her by accident at bus stop. 我在公共汽车站意外地见到了她。 have a chance to do sth=have a chance of doing sth. have an opportunity to do sth.= have an opportunity of doing sth. 有机会做某事 make sb./sth+形容词：使…怎么样 第 2 页共14 页
Unit 8 When is your birthday? Section A 1. MONTHS 月份 Month可数名词，意为“月份”。其复数形式为months。 There are twelve months in a year. 一年有十二个月。 [拓展] this month 这个月last month 上个月 Next month 下个月 2. January 一月 January 名词，意为“一月”。 We go there in January. 我们一月去那儿。 [拓展] 本单元所学月份归纳： January 一月February 二月 March 三月April 四月 May 五月June 六月 July 七月August 八月 September 九月October 十月 November 十一月December 十二月 表示十二个月份的名词中，May （五月)没有缩写形式，其他月份名词的缩写形式分别是Jan, Feb, Mar, Apr, Jun, Jul, Aug, Oct, Nov, Dec。 注意：英语中，所有月份的名词首字母总是大写。 助记 十二个月份歌诀 January, February 过节放鞭炮；March, April, May春暖景色好 June 小朋友们来联欢；July, August 去海边； September 开学别迟到；October 国庆真热闹 November, December 天冷雪花飘。 典例精讲 根据下列句子中所给首字母，在句子空白处写出单词的正确形式。 J__________is the first month of the year. 解析：我们可采用“关键词法”解答本题。由first month“第一个月”可知，一月是一年中的第一个月。故填January（一月）。
Unit8 Is there a post office near here? 本单元要掌握的短语 Section A 1a 1.掌握常用的地点名词： hotel 旅馆bank银行supermarket 超市restaurant 饭店hospital医院 park公园zoo动物园library图书馆clothes store 服装店mall购物中心 pay phone 投币式公用电话post office 邮局police station警察局 bus /train/subway station公共汽车/火车/地铁站airport机场 关于路桥： bridge桥road马路street街道highway大路，公路avenue大街；林荫大道2掌握表示方位的介词和介词短语： on 在上面under 在下面in在里面 beside在旁边near 在附近next to在…..旁边，紧靠… in front of 在…前面behind在后面 across from 在….对面between…and….在…和…之间 3. in the neighborhood 在附近around here在这周围 4.on Center Street在中央大街上on the Fifth Avenue 在第五大街 Section B 1c 1. go/ walk along go up /down 沿着……走 go straight( along) ….(沿着)….直走 2. on the right/left（名词）在右边/左边on one’s left/right在某人的左边/右边turn left/right（副词）向左/右转 turn left =turn to the left向左转turn right=turn to the right 向右转 3. at the first(序数词) crossing/turning 在第一个十字路口/转弯处 at the traffic lights 在交通灯处 4.get to the library=arrive at the library =reach the library到达图书馆 2b 1.. spend time 花时间look like 看起来像 watch sb doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事 5. enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事enjoy reading 喜欢阅读 6.clean v 打扫adj.干净的(反)- dirty 脏的clean er ，名词，清洁工Section A 1. Excuse me 打扰了，对不起 用法：因询问事情，打扰别人而表示歉意时的用语，常用在问路之前。sorry 对不起因做错事，说错话时向别人道歉时的用语。 2. How can/ may I help you? 需要我帮忙吗？ 表示向他人伸出援手，主动提出帮助的意思，类似的句子还有：
知识点Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains. Section A部分知识点 1.Journey to the West《西游记》；Yu Gong Moves a Mountain《愚公移山》Nu Wa Repairs the Sky《女娲补天》；Hou Yi shoots the Suns《后羿射日》 1) the journey to sp. ......之旅 2) He shot at a bird, but didn’t shoot it.他朝一只鸟射击，但没打中。 2.all the earth and stone所有的土和石头; earth不可数；stone可数/不可数 3.day after day一天又一天；year after year一年又一年 4.work on (doing) sth. 致力于做某事，从事 5.Finally, a god was so moved by Yu Gong.(moved形容词：被…感动) 6.send sb. to do sth.派遣某人做某事；send sb. to sp.送/派某人去某地方 send sb. sth.=send sth. to sb.送给某人某东西；take it away把它拿走/移走7.This story reminds us that you can never know what’s possible unless you make it happen. 这个故事提醒我们，你永远不知道什么是可能的，除非你努力让它发生。 1）remind sb. of / about sth. 提醒某人想起某事 The picture reminds him of?his beautiful hometown. 这幅画让他想起了美丽的故乡。 2）remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人去做某事 Please remind me to come back early. 请提醒我早点回来。 3）remind sb. +that从句“提醒某人….” 8.What do you think of/about Yu Gong?你认为愚公怎么样？ =How do you like Yu Gong? 9.a good way to solve the problem一个解决问题的好办法（不定式作定语） 10. a little bit (= a little=a bit) + 形容词、副词或比较级时，表示“有点儿”。 a bit of + 不可数名词“一点” 11.It doesn’ t seem very possible to move a mountain. 把一座山给移掉好像不太可能。 1）It seems+ adj .+ to do sth ...（类似：It is +adj.+to do sth.） 2）He seems happy=He seems to be happy.(seem连系动词) 12. The story is trying to show us that anything is possible if you work hard. 这个故事试图告诉我们，只要你努力了，一切皆有可能。 13.Yu Gong kept trying and didn’t give up.愚公坚持不懈，没有放弃。 keep (on) doing sth.坚持做某事；give up doing sth.放弃做某事；give it up 14. If you can’t go, he’ll go instead of you. 如果你不能去，我代替你去。（instead of+sth./ doing sth.代替；反而；而不是） Jack went swimming yesterday instead of playing basketball. We have no coffee. Would you like some water instead?(instead句末) Ann never studies. Instead, she plays table tennis all day.(instead句首，逗号) 15. Building a road is faster than moving a mountain.修建一条路比移山更快。 1）build a road修建一条路 2）同类才能对比：动名词做主语 16.Neither of you are wrong.你们两个都没错。Neither做主语，动词用单数或复数。 17.There are two sides to everything.事情都有两面。
Unit6 When was it invented ? 一．短语归纳 【动词短语】 advise s b (not) to do sth建议某人(不要)做某事be similar to 与……相似 be used for doing sth =be used to do sth被用来做某事 be used as 被用作… be used by sb. 被某人使用 bring(brought) sth. to sp.把某物带到某处come u p with 想出 decide t o do sth. =.make a decision to do sth 决定做某事divide ...into… 把…分成… dream of doing sth 梦想做某事 encourage s b. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事 fall into(过去式fell into)=drop into掉进… help sb do sth. =help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事 lead to导致 less than少于，不到 →【反】more than = over 超过 look up the word 查找单词 look up to sb.钦佩某人 make a mistake 犯错【连词】not only ... but also...不但…而且…【数词】 thousands of 成千上万 Hundreds of 成百上千 Five hundred 五百 【介词短语】 all of a sudden 突然地 at a low price 以很低的价格 at that time 在那时 at the same time 同时 by accident 偶然地，意外地 by mistake 错误地，无意地 in my daily life在我的日常生活中 in our daily lives 在我们的日常生活中 in the 19th century 在19世纪 in the end = at last = finally 最后 in this way这样，用这种方式 on a hard floor 在坚硬的地板上 over an open fire 在篝火上 without doubt 毫无疑问 【句型】
Unit6一、语法：一般将来时：意义：计划打算干某事，据目前情况推测将… 谓语构成：be going to +动词原形（be为am、is 、are）标志:tomorrow，next week，in the future ，when+从句（现） There _________(be)a party tomorrow. There _________(be)two parties tomorrow. 二.知识点：1.make sure 确保，查明 2. take singing/acting lessons 上声乐/表演课 3.write articles 写文章 4. new year’s resolutions 新年计划 5.make the soccer team 成为足球队的一员 6.get good grades 获得好成绩7.foreign language 外语8.make resolutions/ promises 下决心/许诺promise to myself.对自己许诺promise to do sth. 许诺干某事9. at the beginning of 在…开始10. improve our lives 提高我们的生活11.write down 写下12.have to do with 与…有关系have to nothing do with 与…无13. try sb’s best to do sth 尽某人的最大努力去做某事14. for this reason 由于这个原因15.practice doing sth.练习干某事16.have…in common与…有共同之处17. too…to太…而不能18. the meaning of resolutions决心的意思19.physical health 身体健康20.keep on doing sth 继续做某事keep doing sth 保持干某事21.be sure about doing sth. 对干某事有把握 be sure about sth. 对某事有把握22.take up a hobby开始一个爱好take up doing sth开始干某事23. sound like+n.听起来像sound+形听起来24.send sb sth/ send sth to sb寄给某人某物give/ serve/show 25.be able to+do sth. 能够干某事（can/could） 三派生词1.piano-----pianist 2.science------scientist 3.violin-----violinist 4. education----educational 5. person----personal 6.begin---beginning 7.mean----meaning---meaningful/meaningless . 8.them---themselves 9.foreign----foreigner 四、句子1.the resolutions may be too difficult to keep 2. Some people say the best resolution is to have no resolutions. 3.Don’t worry Unit6一、语法：一般将来时：意义：计划打算干某事，据目前情况推测将… 谓语构成：be going to +动词原形（be为am、is 、are）标志:tomorrow，next week，in the future ，when+从句（现） There _________(be)a party tomorrow. There _________(be)two parties tomorrow. 二.知识点：1.make sure 确保，查明 2. take singing/acting lessons 上声乐/表演课 3.write articles 写文章 4. new year’s resolutions 新年计划 5.make the soccer team 成为足球队的一员 6.get good grades 获得好成绩7.foreign language 外语8.make resolutions/ promises 下决心/许诺promise to myself.对自己许诺promise to do sth. 许诺干某事9. at the beginning of 在…开始10. improve our lives 提高我们的生活11.write down 写下12.have to do with 与…有关系have to nothing do with 与…无13. try sb’s best to do sth 尽某人的最大努力去做某事14. for this reason 由于这个原因15.practice doing sth.练习干某事16.have…in common与…有共同之处17. too…to太…而不能18. the meaning of resolutions决心的意思19.physical health 身体健康20.keep on doing sth 继续做某事keep doing sth 保持干某事21.be sure about doing sth. 对干某事有把握 be sure about sth. 对某事有把握22.take up a hobby开始一个爱好take up doing sth开始干某事23. sound like+n.听起来像sound+形听起来24.send sb sth/ send sth to sb寄给某人某物give/ serve/show 25.be able to+do sth. 能够干某事（can/could） 三派生词1.piano-----pianist 2.science------scientist 3.violin-----violinist 4. education----educational 5. person----personal 6.begin---beginning 7.mean----meaning---meaningful/meaningless . 8.them---themselves 9.foreign----foreigner 四、句子1.the resolutions may be too difficult to keep 2. Some people say the best resolution is to have no resolutions. 3.Don’t worry Unit6一、语法：一般将来时：意义：计划打算干某事，据目前情况推测将… 谓语构成：be going to +动词原形（be为am、is 、are）标志:tomorrow，next week，in the future ，when+从句（现） There _________(be)a party tomorrow. There _________(be)two parties tomorrow. 二.知识点：1.make sure 确保，查明 2. take singing/acting lessons 上声乐/表演课 3.write articles 写文章 4. new year’s resolutions 新年计划 5.make the soccer team 成为足球队的一员 6.get good grades 获得好成绩7.foreign language 外语8.make resolutions/ promises 下决心/许诺promise to myself.对自己许诺promise to do sth. 许诺干某事9. at the beginning of 在…开始10. improve our lives 提高我们的生活11.write down 写下12.have to do with 与…有关系have to nothing do with
人教版英语八年级下册Unit8 知识点总结 Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island yet? 短语归纳 1.go out to sea 出海 2. go to the movies=see the film看电影 3. grow up长大 4.put...down放下记下 5.on page25 在第25页 6.at least至少 7.hurry up赶快；急忙(做某事) 8.on the island在岛上9.have nothing什么也没有10.bring back带回11.give up放弃12.wait for等待 13.cut down trees砍倒树14.the marks of another man’s feet另一个人的脚印15.on the sand在沙滩上16.not long after that不久之后17.country music乡村音乐18.a piece of land一块陆地19.in the middle of the sea在海中央20.leave behind遗忘；留下21. find out找出；查出 22.more than超出23.a bit boring 有点无聊24.fight over=fight about因…而争吵25.a few weeks ago几周前26.on the radio通过收音机27.think about考虑 28. come to realize逐渐意识到29.ever since自从30.a kind of一种 31.such as例如32.the important of…….的重要性34.each other=one another彼此；相互35.do some research做一些研究36.science fiction科学小说（或影片等）37.the back of the book书的背面38.at the end of the day在一天结束的时候39.full of 满是….；（有）大量的；（有）丰富的 40.run towards…跑向…41.belong to 属于42.trust one another相互信任 句型归纳 1.finish doing st h.完成做某事例：I have finished reading this book. 我已经读完这本书了。 2.arrive at/in+地点到达某地例：He arrived in Beijing three days ago.三天前他到达北京。 3.learn to do st h. 学会/学习做某事例：She learns to make cakes. 她学习做蛋糕。 4.see s b. doing st h. 看见某人正在做某事例：We saw him playing basketball .我们看见他正在打篮球。 5.help s b. (to)do st h. 帮助某人做某事例：They helped the old man(to)cross the road.他们帮那位老人过马路。 https://www.doczj.com/doc/ff15393644.html, s b. St h. 给某人取名为….. 例：She names her dog Lazy.她给她的狗取名为Lazy。 7.teach s b. s t h. 教某人某事例：The teacher taught us how to work out it .老师教我们如何解出它。 https://www.doczj.com/doc/ff15393644.html,e s t h to do s t h. 用某物做某事例：He used the knife to cut an apple.他用刀子切苹果。 9.love to do/doing st h.喜欢做某事例：Tom loves to play chess.=Tom loves playing chess.汤姆喜欢下象棋。 10.be interested in doing st h.对做某事感兴趣例：I am interested in hiking. 我对远足感兴趣。 11.can’t wait to do st h.迫不及待做某事例：He can’t wait to meet her.他迫不及待和她见面。 https://www.doczj.com/doc/ff15393644.html,ed to do s t h. 过去常常做某事例：I used to get up at 7:00.我过去常七点起床。
Unit6 I’m watching TV Section A 1.clean v 大扫除，打扫卫生；清扫 (1)do some/the cleaning 打扫卫生打扫房间clean the room (2)adj 干净的 (3)cleaner清洁工 2.newspaper 可数名词报纸 (1) news不可数名词新闻，消息 a piece of news (2)paper 不可数名词纸，纸张 a piece of paper 可数名词卷子hand in the papers 上交试卷 3.talk on the phone = make a telephone call 打电话 on the phone 通过电话 make a phone 打电话answer the phone接电话phone sb 给某人打电话 https://www.doczj.com/doc/ff15393644.html,e sth to do sth 用某物做某事useful use v 谓语，表示用途I use the pen to write. with prep 状语，表示方式I write with a pen. 5.wash the dished=do the dishes 洗餐具 wash sb sth=wash sth for sb 给某人洗某物 6. exercise 过去式exercised 过去分词exercised 现在分词exercising (1)n.运动,锻炼不可数take exercise (2)n.练习，习题；体操；功课；操练可数 do exercises 做练习do morning exercise 做早操 (3)v训练，锻炼；练习to exercise the body 锻炼身体to exercise one's strength 锻炼体力 7. watch look see read watch 观看，看watch TV 看电视watch a football game 看一场足球比赛 see 看见（看的结果）I can see the bird in the tree. look 看（看的动作）Please look at the blackboard. read 阅读，读书，读报She is reading a story. 8.go to the movies(美国英语) =go to the cinema (英国英语) 去看电影 the movie theatre=cinema film (英国英语) Section B 1.go shopping 去购物do the/some shopping 购物shopping center 购物中心shopping list 购物单 2.learn study learn 指通过学习、练习或别人的教授以获得某种知识和技能，侧重学习的成果，学会，学到study 指比较深入地学习，含有努力去学的意味，侧重学习的过程，研究，钻研 learn 是刚开始学的时候study 是学到一定程度的时候, 有研究的意思. study + 学科表学习什么study English 学习英语 study for sth. 表为了什么而学习 study for the English test 为了英语考试而学习 learn to do sth. 学习做某事learn to speak English.
Unit6 When was it invented? 知识点归纳1. invent v 发明→inventor n 发明家 →invention n 发明 【记】Edison , a great ________, _________over 1’000__________ all his life. (invent) 2.please v 取悦→pleasure n 愉快→ pleased adj.(人)高兴的→pleasant adj.(物) 令人愉快的 be pleased to do sth 愉快做某事be pleased with sth 对….满意It’s my pleasure. With pleasure. 用pleasant, pleased或pleasure填空。 1). I had a_________ time. 2). He will be __________ to help you. 3). Reading gives me great _________. 4). It gives me __________to see you looking happy.
5). I think it is impossible to make everyone_____. A. please B. pleased C. pleasant D. pleasure 6). 他对这辆车很满意。 _____________________________. 3. use 的用法：use v 用，使用→useful adj. 有用的 (1) be used for doing=be used to do sth 被用来做某事 (2) used to do sth 过去常常做某事(3) be used to doing sth 习惯于做某事(4) use up = ran out of 用完，用尽(5)be used by + 动作执行者被…..使用(6)be used as+名词被用作….(8)be useful to 对……有 用 1). Tables were used ________ desks when we were young. A. by B. as C. to
人教版九年级英语Unit8《It must belong to Carla.》知 识点 1. belong to属于(无被动) The book is Lucy’s. =The book belongs to Lucy. 2. listen to classical music听古典音乐 listen to pop music听流行音乐 rock/ jazz/country/folk/pop/blues/classical/light(gentle)…listen to & hear 3. at school 上学；求学；在学校in the school in hospital in the hospital by sea/ship by the sea at table at the table 4. go to the concert去听音乐会 give a concert 举办音乐会 attend a concert 参加音乐会absent缺席be absent from 5. have any/some idea （know）知道 第 1 页共16 页
have no idea=don’t know不知道 6. a math test 有关数学考试an English test study for a test备考 take a/the test 参加考试 pass a/the test通过考试 fail the test 考试不及格fail to do 做某事失败 succeed in doing 做某事成功fail-failure succeed-success successful successfully 7. the final exam 期末考试 final adj. finally (at last=in the end ) adv. 8. because of +n./pron./doing 因为because+原因状语从句because & so though/although & but even if/though 引导让步状语从句 9. a present for his mother 送给她妈妈的礼物 10. run for exercise 跑步锻炼 第 2 页共16 页