T eaching plan
Module Four
Sandstorms in Asia
T eaching Aims:
1. Knowledge and Skill
a.Get the students to review the violence of nature and know more about sandstorms and how to protect the
environment.
b.Through discussion and the comprehension of Reading, develop the students’ listening, speaking, reading
and writing, mainly reading.
c.Encourage the students to search the information on the Internet to gain more knowledge of sandstorms and
environmental protection.
d.Improve the studen ts’ ability to read for specific facts.
e.To grasp the usage of infinitive, pay more attention to the usage of but + infinitive.
2.Emotion and Values
a.Enable the students to talk about the cause and influence of sandstorms，and the ways to solve the problem
in order to increase their sense of protecting the environment.
b.To encourage the Ss to talk about the damage caused by sandstorm and their own feelings about it.
3. Cross-cultural awareness:
a.Understand the environmental protection of the whole world and strengthen their awareness of environment
protection.
4. Character-building:
a.To strengthen their confidence of protecting the environment we are living in.
b.Enable the students to talk about the sandstorms, the reasons for causing sandstorms and the importance of
protecting environment
Difficulties and Importance:
a. Conclude and collect the words and phrases related to environment and environmental protection.
b. Ask students to think ways to protect the environment.
c.Improve the student’s ability of grasping the general idea of the passage.
T eaching Method:
a.Task-based methodology
https://www.doczj.com/doc/f516506213.html,municative Approach
T eaching Time:
Five periods:
Period 1 vocabulary and Writing
Speaking 1
Period 2 Reading and V ocabulary
Period 3 Grammar 1 Infinitive
Listening and V ocabulary
Period 4 Grammar 2 but + infinitive
Everyday English
Period 5 Cultural corner
Speaking 2
Writing
T eaching Procedures:
Period 1
Step 1. Warming up
Look at the picture. Complete the sentences using the correct form of these words Then answer the following questions.
blow bury frightening last sandstorm
There has been a ______. It _____ for ten hours and was
very _______. The wind _______the sand high around
the houses, and some cars were almost completely ______
by the sand.
Suggested answers:
1. sandstorm
2. has been blowing / has lasted
3. frightening
4. was blowing
5. buried
Q1. What is a sandstorm?
Q2. What’s the weather like when a sandstorm occurs?
Q3. What’s the bad influence of a sandstorm?
Suggested answers:
Q1. Sandstorm is a kind of bad weather, which is becoming increasingly common in Northwestern China, and it usually happens in spring and fall. When a sandstorm comes, the wind blows strongly with dust and sand.
Q2. There is strong, dry wind and the sky is yellow.
Q3. cars slow down and have to turn on headlight;
the visibility drops
difficult for us to breathe
dangerous to go out or drive
Step 2 Further understanding
Work in pairs. Discuss the following statements and decide whether it is true or false.
1.Sandstorms begin in desert areas.
2.Deserts are created by climate changes.
3.Deserts are also created because people cut down trees and dig up grass.
4.Sandstorms from Asia have blown across the Pacific Ocean to America.
5.Sandstorms can’t be prevented.
6.The inland region has more sandstorms than the one near the sea.
Suggested answers:
1,2,3,4,6 T 5, F
Step 3 Discussions
Q1. What’s the cause of sandstorm?
Q2. What should you do in a sandstorm to protect yourself?
Suggested answers:
Q1. climate changes; trees cut down; desertification; serious air and water pollution;
the growing population of the world and so on.
Q2: This is an open question.
Step 4 Speaking
Work in pairs. Suppose there has been a bad sandstorm in your city.
A: Y ou are a reporter. Y ou interview a man who has cycled to work in the sandstorm. Before you do the interview, write down the questions you want to ask.
B: Y ou felt frightened but you put on a mask and cycled to work in the sandstorm. Tell the reporter how you feel about the sandstorm. Describe how things looked in the sandstorm.
Homework:
1.Memorize the new words related to sandstorms.
2.Preview the passage of Sandstorms in Asia.
Period 2
Step 1 Pre-reading
a. Look at the photo and answer the following questions.
1. Get Ss to come up with as many words as possible
while looking at the picture.
2. What is happening?
3. What is the cyclist wearing and why?
4. What do you think happened to traffic in this situation?
Why?
5. What do you think experts advise people to do in this
situation?
Suggested answers:
1. mask cycle cyclist dust
citizen frightening sandstorm
2. There is a sandstorm blowing.
3. She is wearing hoods, masks and glasses.
4. The traffic moves slowly. Because it’s not clear to see everything on the road and people must take great care.
5. Experts advise people to stay at home in this situation.
b. Predication
If you are to write the article named “Sandstorms in Asia”, how many parts will you include in it? What will you write in each part?
Step 2 While-reading
a.Skimming and scanning
Read the passage quickly and fill in the diagram with one proper word.
Part 1(Para1) d__________
Part 2(Para2-5) c_______
d_______
S_______
i________
s________
Part 3(Para.6) m________
Suggested answers:
Part 1 disaster
Part 2 Sandstorm cause description influence suggestions
Part 3 measures
b.Detailed Reading
1)Read the passage carefully and answer the following question.
1 What are sandstorms?
2 In what places do they often happen?
3 What does Ren J ianbo’s example tell us?
4 Are there sandstorms in China? Where?
5 Have sandstorms in China increased or decreased recently? Why?
6 Why does traffic move slowly during the sandstorm?
7 What does the government do to protect Beijing from sandstorms?
Suggested answers:
1.Sandstorms are strong, dry winds that carry sand.
2.Central Asia, North America, Central Africa and Australia.
3.It is dangerous to go out when a sandstorm occurs.
4.Y es. Northwest China.
5.Increased. As a result of desertification.
6.Because the thick dust makes it difficult to see.
7.Plant more trees.
2) Read the passage carefully and then fill in the chart with suitable words.
Suggested answers
Step 3 Post-reading
a. Decide if the following statements are true( T ) or false( F ).
①Scientists have tried many ways to deal with sandstorms
②Land becomes desert only because people cut down trees and dig up grass.
③The Chinese Central West Station can not forecast sandstorm before it comes.
④The desert is 25o kilometers away to the west of Beijing. So there is no need to take some measures.
⑤Southwest China is part of the sandstorm center in Central Asia.
Suggested answers:
1.T
2. F
3. F
4. F
5. F
b. Read the text again and complete the following sentences
1.The winds in a sandstorm can sometimes______________________________
2.When Ren jianbo was living in Inner Mongolia ______________________________
3.Sandstorms in China appear to have increased ______________________________
4.Cutting down trees and digging up grass can______________________________
5. Traffic moved slowly because ______________________________
6.The government is planting trees to the west of Beijing to______________________________
Suggested answers:
1. prevent you from seeing the sun
2.he experienced a terrible sandstorm
3.because of desertification
4.cause deserts and sandstorms to increase
5.the drivers can’t see
6.prevent the desert coming nearer
Step 4 language explanations
1 mass adj. 大规模的a mass campaign 一场大规模的战役
n. 团,块,堆
a mass of clouds /hot air
a mass of =masses of 许多,大量
the masses 群众
2 be caught in 被困于…,遇到…
He was late for work yesterday afternoon because he was caught in the traffic jam.
Charles Chaplin was once caught in a snowstorm for several days.
3 appear v. 1)出现,出版,发行
His book will appear in the bookshop next week.
A smile appeared on his face when he heard the good news.
2) 看起来,似乎。系动词
She appeared very tired.
She appears to want to leave.
4 prevent somebody from doing, stop somebody from doing,
keep somebody from doing
阻止某人做某事。
Note: keep sb. from doing 中from 不可以省略,因为keep sb. doing 意为：让某人一直做某事。其他两个词组中from省略后意思不变。
I’m sorry to keep you waiting so long. 很抱歉让你等了这么久。
We must keep him from complaining all day.
我们不能让他整天抱怨了。
Step 5 Discussion
Q1.Sandstorms bring us not only “sand” but also-----? (traffic / health / travel / environment…)
Q2. As a senior student, what should we do to prevent sandstorms?
Homework:
1.Write a summary of the whole passage.
2.Finish the exercises 10,11 on page 88.
Period 3
Step 1 Presentation
Look at the examples a-f. The underlined phrases are examples of different types of infinitive.
a.The wind is strong enough. It can move sand dunes.
The wind is strong enough to move sand dunes.
b.We were advised, “ Don’t go outside.”
We were advised not to go outside.
c.I’m cycling to work in a sandstorm and it’s frightening.
I’m frightening to be cycling to work in a sandstorm.
d.There is nothing anyone can do.
There is nothing to be done.
e.I am the only person in my family who has been in a sandstorm.
I am the only person in my family to have been in a sandstorm.
f.I’ve been caught in a sandstorm. It was a terrible experience.
To have been caught in a sandstorm was a terrible experience.
Step 2 Explanations
eg: He seems to understand what I said
I hope to visit Paris again.
2. 动词不定式的进行式：表示与主动词同时发生且动作正在进行。
eg: The two cheats pretented to be working hard.
3. 动词不定式的完成式：表示不定式动作发生于主动词之前。
eg: She seems to have seen this film.
He happened to have gone out when I went to see him
4. 动词不定式的被动式：表示与逻辑主语之间的被动关系。
eg: The meeting to be held tomorrow is about how to stop the pollution.
I want to have been told the news earlier.
Ⅱ动词不定式的句法功能
不定式的句法功能是做主语，表语，宾语，宾语补足语，主语补足语，定语，目的状语和结果状语，分别给出一个例句：
1）To master a foreign language is necessary for a college student.
(主语)
2）Y our job is to wash dishes.（表语）
3）She promised to give him a chance. (宾语)
4）The teacher told his students to pay attention to their pronunciation.（宾语补足语）
5）I was asked to help him with his lessons.（主语补足语）
6）Have you got a pencil to draw pictures with?（定语）
7）Some scientists went to Germany to attend a medical conference.（状语）
8）He was too excited to say anything.（状语）
Ⅲ不定式的复合结构
1）“疑问词+不定式”可以做主语，宾语，表语，同位语。
The problem is how to persuade him to change his mind.
2) 带有逻辑主语的结构of/ for sb. to do sth
The first thing to do is to clean the room.
It is foolish of you to say such words.
辨析：⑴It is + adj.+ of sb + to do sth.;// ⑵It is + adj.+ for sb + to do sth.
差别：以上（1）结构中的adj是用来说明主语的特征的，并作其表语；而结构（2）中的adj是用来说明句中动词的特征的。
Eg: It’s foolish of you to do such things
可转化为：Y ou”re foolish to do such things.
但:It’s easy for you to learn English well
不可以象上边那样转化。
Step 3 Practices.
Ex1.
Fill in the blanks with the verbs in their proper forms.
1.It's very kind of you ________ it for me. (do)
2.My job is ________ the students English. (teach)
3.If you want ________ with us, you should be ready by eight o'clock.(go)
4.I dare not ________ him about it. (tell)
5.He told me ________ at six thirty. (leave)
6.The children are warned ________ in that lake. (not swim)
7.Before you leave the room, please remember ________ the light. (turn off)
8.Y ou'd better ________(stay) at home and ________ (do) your homework.
9.It's too hard ________ (do) it by myself. 10.It takes about two hours ________ (get to) the station.
11.It's time ________ our class. (start)
12.I have a lot of things ________ you. (tell)
13.I'm very glad ________ you again. (hear from)
14.The article is not easy ________ . (understand)
15.We didn't have time ________ a rest. (to have)
16.I'll try ________ that again. (not do)
17.John's wish is ________ a writer in the future. (become)
18.I'd like ________ (go) to the Summer Palace.
19.She doesn't know whether and when ________ Shanghai in two days. (leave)
20.She is not sure how ________ out the maths problem. (work)
Suggested answers:
1.to do
2. to teach
3. to go
4. tell
5. to leave
6. not to swim
7. to turn off
8. stay do
9. to do 10. to get to 11. to start 12. to tell 13. to hear from 14. to understand 15. to have
16. not to do 17. to become 18. to go 19. to leave 20. to work
Ex2
1. Don't forget _________ the letter.
A. to send
B. send
C. sending
D. being sent
2. The chair looks very old, but in fact it is very comfortable to _________.
A. sit
B. sit on
C. be sat
D. be sat on
3. Is ______ necessary to return the book tomorrow?
A. this
B. that
C. it
D. which
4. I'm afraid they would not allow him ________ here.
A. to smoke
B. smoking
C. smokes
D. smoke
5. Mother told me ________ the water before I drank it.
A. boiling
B. boiled
C. boil
D. to boil
6. On my way home, I stopped _______ some food.
A. buy
B. to buy
C. buying
D. bought
7. John was made _______ the car for a week as a punishment.
A. to wash
B. washing
C. wash
D. to be washing
8. The sitting-room needs _______, but it'll have to wait until Saturday.
A. be cleaning
B. to be cleaned
C. clean
D. being cleaned
9. The first thing I want to do is __________.
A. visit to him
B. to visit him
C. visiting him
D. visited him
10. Li Y ang advised me _________ too much, otherwise I would have been drunk.
A. not to drink
B. to drink
C. not drinking
D. drinking
Suggested answers:
1.A
2. B
3.C
4. A
5. D
6. B
7. A
8. B
9.B 10. A
Step 4. Listening
a. Pre-listening
Discuss the following questions with your partner.
Q1. What’s the main problem with the environment in the world?
Q2. Can you explain why the climate’s getting warmer?
Q3. Why did people cut down a lot of trees every year?
b. While-listening
Listen carefully. And answer the following questions.
1.What is the most urgent problem of all?
2.What examples of coastal cities does David give?
3.Why is the climate getting warmer?
4.What is described as a major problem?
5.What happens when we cut down a lot of trees?
6.How does the interviewer feel about the situation?
Suggested answers:
1. The climate.
2.New Y ork and Shanghai.
3.Because pollution is stopping the sun’s heat leaving the atmosphere.
4.Carbon dioxide from cars.
5.There is less oxygen and more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
6.Optimistic.
c. Post-listening:
Listen again. And fill in the blanks with proper words according to what you hear.
Int: David, what do you see as the main problems with the_______?
D.U: Well, in a nutshell, the most ______problem of all is the climate. The world’s climate seems to be getting _______
Int: We’ve seen a lot of evidence of that, haven’t we?
D.U: Yes, we have. Also, scientists have found that the _______at the Poles is beginning to melt.
Int: We’ve heard that too. Is that really happening?
D.U: Y es. I’m afraid it is. And at sometime in the future, the ice may melt_______. Then it’s possible that the sea could rise and coastal cities like New Y ork and Shanghai could _____under water.
John: It sounds very frightening.
D.U: I couldn’t agree with you more. It’s______.
Int: Can you explain why the climate’s getting warmer?
D.U: Well, I’ll do my best! It’s ______that’s the problem. Gases from cars enter the atmosphere and stop the sun’s heat from leaving the atmosphere. And factories give out ______that do the same thing. So as a result, the climate
is getting warmer.
Int: From what I understand, carbon dioxide from cars is a _____problem.
D.U: Y ou’re absolutely right. Carbon dioxide is the gas that does most _____to the atmosphere. But we have a problem with trees too. Y ou see, trees give out oxygen and take in carbon dioxide. So they’re very useful because they _______the carbon dioxide.
Int: I know what you’re going to say. We’re cutting down all the trees.
D.U: yes, we cut them down because we need the land and because we use the _____for paper and furniture. That leaves more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
Int: It’s a terrible______.
D.U: Y es, and another problem is all the garbage that we produce. We burn a lot of garbage, and once again, the gases pollute the atmosphere. The situation couldn’t be worse, really.
Int: We should ______garbage, not burn it.
D.U: of course we should.
Int: It’s strange. We know all this, and yet we do _____but talk about it. I can’t help but feel very______.
D.U: Yes, well, it is worrying. But _______are beginning to do something about it. I don’t think it’s too late. Suggested answer:
1.environment
2. urgent
3. warmer.
4. ice
5. completely
6. disappear
7. crazy
7.pollution 9. chemicals 10. major 11. damage 12. use up 13. wood 14. situation
15. recycle 16. nothing 17. concerned 18. governments
Homework:
1.Review the grammar points we have learned.
2.Finish the exercises 1,2,3 on page 85.
3.Finish the exercises 12,13, 14 on page 89.
Period 4
Step 1 Revision
Complete the sentences using infinitive structures.
1) It’s good manners _____ people in trouble.(help)
2) All I did was _____him some advice.(give)
3) He does nothing but ____all day.(play)
4) It has no choice but _____down and sleep.(lie)
5) Is there anyone ____ care of these children?(take )
6) ______ a friend, he got off the train in Beijing.( see)
7) He hurried to the station, _____that the train had gone.
8) He happened ______out when I went to see him.(go)
9) I’d like _____the news earlier.(tell)
10) It’s foolish of you ____such words.(say)
Answers : 1 to help 2 give 3 play 4 to lie 5 to take
6 To see/In order to see 7only to see 8 to have gone out
9 to have been told 10 to say
Step 2 Presentation
Look at the words and phrases in bold in these sentences. And answer the following questions.
a.And yet we do nothing but talk about it.
b.I can’t help but feel very concerned.
c.I can’t but wonder what will happen.
Q1. Which word or phrase means except?
Q2. Which word or phrase means I have to?
Q3. What part of the verb follows the words in bold?
Suggested answers:
1. a
2. b and c
3. the infinitive without to
Note : In sentence a, “but” means “except”.
In sentence b and c, “can’t help but do” and “can’t but do” means “have to do”.
区别：can’t help doing …禁不住…
Hearing that she was admitted to a famous college, she can’t help jumping.
Step 3 Explanation:
1、不定式动词在介词but, except, besides等表示“除了……”之意的后面时，如果这些介词之前有行为动词do的各种形式，那么介词后的不定式不带to,否则带to。
She could do nothing but cry.
她只有哭泣。
Tom did nothing except wait before his parents came home.
父母回家之前，汤姆只有等待。
Capitalists would do nothing besides make profit from the workers.
资本家除了从工人身上榨取利益之外，什么也不顾及。
What do you like to do besides swim?
除了游泳你喜欢做什么？
He did nothing else than laugh.
他只笑笑而已。
I have no choice but to accept the fact.
除了接受这一事实，我别无选择。
I have no choice but to go.
我别无选择，只有走。
2. 在can’t but, can’t help but , can’t choose but(不得不，只能)结构后，不定式不带to。
I can’t help but be sorry.
我只能说抱歉。
There being no buses, he can’t but walk home.
由于没有公共汽车，他只能步行回家。
He can’t choose but accept the offer.
他只能接受提议。
I cannot but admire his courage.
我只能钦佩他的勇气。
We could not but weep at our bad luck.
对于我们的厄运我们只能哭泣。
It’s raining hard. I cannot help but stay at home.
天在下大雨，我只好停在家里。
They couldn’t choose but stay there.
他们不得不呆在那儿。
Step 4 Practices.
Underline the correct answer.
1.I can’t help/ but hope that they will succeed.
2.I can’t help but think/to think that it was a mistake.
3.I can’t chose/choose but do it.
4.He does nothing but complaining/complain.
5.I can’t help but to love/love her.
6.The workers do nothing/ not but drink tea and talk to each other.
Suggested answers:
1. but
2. think
3. choose
4. complain
5. love
6. nothing
Step 5 Everyday English
1.in a nutshell means _______.
a. in my opinion
b. to explain something very simply
2.It’s scary means _______.
a. It’s frightening
b. It’s interesting.
3.I’ll do my best means ______.
a. This is the best explanation.
b. I’ll try as hard as I can
4.from what I understand means _______.
a. this is what I understand.
b. I think I understand.
5.Y ou’re absolutely right means ________.
a. Y ou’re completely right.
b. Y ou’re almost right
Suggested answers:
1. b
2. a
3. b 4 a 5. a
Homework:
1.Preview the content of Cultural Corner
2.Finish the exercise 5 on page 86.
Period 5
Step 1 Pre-reading
a. Discuss the following questions with your partner.
Q1. How does your country deal with the garbage?
Q2. Do you think it necessary to deal with garbage scientifically?
Q3. What can you do to improve the environment of your city?
Q4. Are there organizations in China whose aim is to protect the environment?
Q5. What do you know about these organizations?
b. Look at the picture on 39 and answer the following questions.
Q1. What is the little boy doing?
Q2. What do you think of his action?
Suggested answers:
1. They put the garbage into different bags.
2. In the 1970s, they started a “green” movement
Step 2. While-reading
Answer the following questions.
1.How do countries in Europe try to improve the environment?
2.What does CFCs stand for?
3.When did the “Green” movement start?
4.What’s the purpose of “Green” movement?
5.What does it do?
Suggested answers:
1.They recycle everything, do differential collection of rubbish and have a green movement.
2.It stands for chlorofluorocarbons, chemicals which are found in refrigerator and aerosol cans.
3.It started in the 1970s.
4.To get governments to think seriously and how to look after it.
5.Collects information about how industry is damaging the environment and gives the information to
newspapers.
Step 3. Post-reading
Read the passage carefully. Decide whether the following statements are true or false.
1.All the countries are doing well on look after the environment.
2.People in Italy put their garbage into different bags.
3.Chemicals which are found in fridges are not allowed in Europe.
4.People in Europe are not allowed to burn too much coal.
5.The “Green” movement started in the 1980s.
Suggested answers:
1. F
2. F
3. T
4. T
5. F
Step 4 Speaking 2
Think of ten things we need to do to improve the environment and say why. Use these structures: We need to…
We must…
We should…
Step 5. Guided Writing
Topic: Write a message about environmental problems.
1.Briefly describe this environmental problem.
2.Suggest a solution. Below are some suggestions for language you can use.
We should…
We need to…
We must…
3.Causes and results
4.What we should /need to / must do about it
5.Write two or three sentences that summaries what you have said.
Homework:
1.Hand in their writings after class when they have finished
Finish the other exercises of this module.