AABB American association of blood bank 美国血库协会
G-csf Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor 人类粒细胞集落刺激因子
PBMC Peripheral blood mononuclear cell 外周血单个核细胞
PBSC Peripheral blood stem cell 外周造血干细胞
BMT Bone marrow transplantation 骨髓移植
GTP Good tissue practice 人体细胞组织优良操作规范
GLP Good laboratory practice 优良实验室规范
GMP Good manufacturing practice 优质生产规范
HPC Hematopoietic progenitor cell定向造血干细胞（造血祖细胞）
CB Cord blood 脐带血
HLA Human leukocyte antigen 人类白细胞抗原
SAB Sciene advisory board 科学咨询委员会
SOP Standard operating procedure 标准作业程序
IPS Induced pluripotent stem cell 诱导多能干细胞ips cell
BDC Blood donor centers 献血中心
BB Blood bands 血库
ASH American society of hematology美国血液病学会
AAHH
PBM Patient blood management certification患者血液管理认证
CAP College of American pathologists 美国病理学会
IACT International society of cell therapy国际细胞治疗学会
NMDP National marrow donor program 美国国家骨髓库
WMDA World marrow donor association 世界骨髓捐赠协会
FACT F 美国细胞治疗基金会
NIH National Institutes of Health美国国立卫生研究院
ISSCR International Society for Stem Cell Research国际干细胞研究协会
ISCF International Stem Cell Forum国际干细胞论坛
WMDA World Marrow Donor Association世界骨髓捐赠者协会
NMDP National Marrow Donor Program美国骨髓库
CRISPR/case9Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/case9基因编辑技术IVF In vitro fertilization体外受精
CAR-TChimeric Antigen Receptor T cell嵌合抗原受体T细胞
GVHD graft-versus-host-disease移植物抗宿主病
ASHAmerican Society of Hematology美国血液学会
CRS cytokine-release syndrome细胞因子释放综合征
PD-1 Programmed Cell Death Protein 1-Ligand细胞程序性死亡蛋白配体1
NIPTNon-invasive Prenatal Testing无创胎儿产前检测
NGS Next Generation Sequencing下一代测序High-Throughput Sequencing高通量测序HGP Human Genome Project人类基因组计划
JPM JP Morgan Healthcare Conference JP摩根医疗健康年会（john.pierpont.morgan）MSC Mesenchymal stem cells 骨髓间充质干细胞
MRT Mitochondrial-replacement techniques线粒体替换技术
PrPPlatelet Rich Plasma富（高浓度）血小板血浆
ABI Autologous Blood Injection 自体血注射
ACP Autologous Conditioned Plasma自体血离子化
SCI Scientific Citation Index科学文献索引
CD Cluster differentiation分化群集
CD Cluster of Differentiation白细胞分化抗原
MHC Major Histocompatibility Complex主要组织相容性复合体
常用单词
Accredited认证的
Facilities机构
Molecular testing 分子检测
Cellular therapies细胞疗法
Somatic cell 体细胞
Immunohematology reference免疫细胞学参考
Molecular testing 分子检测
Perioperative 围手术期
AABB价值观
The pursuit of excellence 追求完美
Focus on the patient and donor关注患者和捐赠人
Integrity诚信
Transparency透明
Consensus building建立共识
Innovation创新
CRISPR-Cas9 基因敲除
Genes-edited 基因编辑
Stem cells
Stem cells are cells that have the capacity to self-renew by dividing and to develop into more mature, specialised cells. Stem cells can be unipotent, multipotent, pluripotent or totipotent, depending on the number of cell types to which they can give rise.
Related Subjects
Adult stem cells
Adult stem cells are cells in the adult that can both self-renew by dividing and give rise to more specialised cell types present in the tissue in which they reside. They serve to maintain and repair the tissue.
Ageing
Ageing is the process during which structural and functional changes accumulate in an organism as a result of the passage of time. The changes manifest as a decline from the organism’s peak fertility and physiological functions until death.
Cancer stem cells
Cancer stem cells are rare immortal cells within a tumour that can both self-renew by dividing and give rise to many cell types that constitute the tumour, and can therefore form tumours.
Such cells have been found in various types of human tumours and might be attractive targets for cancer treatment.
Embryonic germ cells
Embryonic germ cells are the cells in the embryo that give rise to the reproductive cells –gametes –of sexually reproducing organisms. In animals, male gametes are sperm cells and female gametes are egg cells, also known as ova.
Embryonic stem cells
Embryonic stem cells are pluripotent cells isolated from the inner cell mass of a blastocyst, the early mammalian embryo that implants into the uterus. Embryonic stem cells self-renew by dividing and can differentiate into any specialised cell of the body, but not extra-embryonic tissues such as the placenta.
Epigenetic memory
The epigenetic memory of a cell defines the set of modifications to the cell's deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that do not alter the DNA sequence, and have been inherited from the cell from which it descends. Such modifications can alter gene expression and therefore the properties and behaviour of the cell.
Haematopoietic stem cells
Haematopoietic stem cells are progenitor cells that have the ability to both generate all types of blood cells, including those of the myeloid and lymphoid lineages, and to replace themselves. In adults, they mainly reside in the bone marrow.
Heart stem cells
Heart stem or progenitor cells are multipotent cells residing in the adult mammalian heart that are capable of self-renewing and generating coronary vessels and heart muscle cells called cardiomyocytes. Heart stem cells can contribute to new cardiomyocyte formation following experimental myocardial infarction in mice.
Intestinal stem cells
Intestinal stem cells are multipotent adult stem cells, which in mammals reside in the base of the crypts of the adult intestine. Intestinal stem cells continuously self-renew by dividing and differentiate into the specialised cells of the intestinal epithelium, which renews throughout life. Mammary stem cells
Mammary stem cells are multipotent adult stem cells that reside in the mammary gland, can self-renew by dividing and can differentiate into all specialised mammary epithelial cells. Mammary stem cells drive the development of the mammary gland during puberty and are responsible for its expansion during pregnancy.
Mesenchymal stem cells
Mesenchymal stem cells are multipotent adult stem cells that are present in multiple tissues, including umbilical cord, bone marrow and fat tissue. Mesenchymal stem cells can self-renew by dividing and can differentiate into multiple tissues including bone, cartilage, muscle and fat cells, and connective tissue.
Multipotent stem cells
Multipotent stem cells are cells that have the capacity to self-renew by dividing and to develop into multiple specialised cell types present in a specific tissue or organ. Most adult stem cells are multipotent stem cells.
Muscle stem cells
Muscle stem cells are adult stem cells, present in skeletal muscle tissue, which can self-renew and are capable of giving rise to skeletal muscle cells. These stem cells are activated in response to muscle injury to regenerate damaged muscle tissue.
Neural stem cells
Neural stem cells are multipotent adult stem cells present in the adult central nervous system that can self-renew, and give rise to new neurons and supporting cells called glial cells. Activation of neural stem cells or their transplantation into areas of central nervous system injury can lead to regeneration in animal models.
Pluripotent stem cells
Pluripotent stem cells are cells that have the capacity to self-renew by dividing and to develop into the three primary germ cell layers of the early embryo and therefore into all cells of the adult body, but not extra-embryonic tissues such as the placenta. Embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells are pluripotent stem cells.
Quiescence
Quiescence is the reversible state of a cell in which it does not divide but retains the ability to re-enter cell proliferation. Some adult stem cells are maintained in a quiescent state and can be rapidly activated when stimulated, for example by injury to the tissue in which they reside. Regeneration
Regeneration is the process by which lost or damaged tissues, organs or limbs are re-formed from the remaining tissue. During regeneration, adult stem cells and/or progenitor cells differentiate to replace the missing tissue, although in some instances differentiated cells can also participate in the regeneration by proliferation or transdifferentiation.
Reprogramming
Cell reprogramming is the process of reverting mature, specialised cells into induced pluripotent stem cells. Reprogramming also refers to the erasure and re-establishment of epigenetic marks during mammalian germ cell development.
Self-renewal
Self-renewal is the process of giving rise to indefinitely more cells of the same cell type. All stem cells have the capacity to self-renew by dividing.
Skin stem cells
Skin stem cells are multipotent adult stem cells present in the adult skin, which can self-renew and differentiate into different cell lineages of the skin. Skin stem cells are active during skin renewal, which occurs throughout life, and in skin repair after injury.
Stem-cell differentiation
Stem-cell differentiation is the process by which a more specialised cell is formed from a stem cell, leading to loss of some of the stem cell's developmental potential. Stem-cell differentiation occurs during development of an organism to produce new specialised cells, and also in adults to replenish cells that are lost.
Stem-cell niche
A stem-cell niche is an area of a tissue that provides a specific microenvironment, in which stem cells are present in an undifferentiated and self-renewable state. Cells of the stem-cell niche interact with the stem cells to maintain them or promote their differentiation.
Totipotent stem cells
Totipotent stem cells are cells that have the capacity to self-renew by dividing and to develop into
the three primary germ cell layers of the early embryo and into extra-embryonic tissues such as the placenta. A fertilised egg is a totipotent stem cell and as such can develop into any specialised cell found in the organism.
Transdifferentiation
Transdifferentiation is the conversion of a cell type present in one tissue or organ into a cell type from another tissue or organ without going through a pluripotent cell state. Transdifferentiation between some cell types can occur naturally in response to injury and can be induced experimentally.
华南医院完成首例基因敲除技术CRISPR-Cas9应用于肺癌的临床实验。卢铀,敲除肺癌患者T 细胞基因中抑制免疫功能的PD-1基因。并在体外进行扩增。
企業常用縮寫 5S : 5S管理 ABC : 作業制成本制度(Activity-Based Costing) ABB : 實施作業制預算制度(Activity-Based Budgeting) ABM : 作業制成本管理(Activity-Base Management) APS : 先進規畫與排程系統(Advanced Planning and Scheduling) ASP : 應用程式服務供應商（Application Service Provider） ATP : 可承諾量(Available To Promise) AVL : 認可的供應商清單(Approved Vendor List) BOM : 物料清單(Bill Of Material) BPR : 企業流程再造(Business Process Reengineering) BSC : 平衡記分卡(Balanced ScoreCard) BTF : 計劃生產(Build To Forecast) BTO : 訂單生產(Build To Order) CPM : 要徑法(Critical Path Method) CPM : 每一百萬個使用者會有幾次抱怨(Complaint per Million) CRM : 客戶關係管理(Customer Relationship Management) CRP : 產能需求規劃(Capacity Requirements Planning) CTO : 客製化生產(Configuration To Order) DBR : 限制驅導式排程法(Drum-Buffer-Rope) DMT : 成熟度驗證(Design Maturing Testing) DVT : 設計驗證(Design Verification Testing) DRP : 運銷資源計劃(Distribution Resource Planning) DSS : 決策支援系統(Decision Support System) EC : 設計變更／工程變更(Engineer Change) EC : 電子商務(Electronic Commerce) ECRN : 原件規格更改通知(Engineer Change Request Notice) EDI : 電子資料交換(Electronic Data Interchange) EIS : 主管決策系統(Executive Information System) EMC : 電磁相容(Electric Magnetic Capability) EOQ : 基本經濟訂購量(Economic Order Quantity) ERP: 企業資源規劃(Enterprise Resource Planning) FAE: 應用工程師(Field Application Engineer) FCST : 預估(Forecast) FMS : 彈性製造系統(Flexible Manufacture System) FQC : 成品品質管制(Finish or Final Quality Control) IPQC : 製程品質管制(In-Process Quality Control) IQC : 進料品質管制(Incoming Quality Control) ISO : 國際標準組織(International Organization for Standardization)
企业各职位英文缩写： GM(General Manager)总经理 VP(Vice President)副总裁 FVP(First Vice President)第一副总裁 AVP(Assistant Vice President)副总裁助理 CEO(Chief Executive Officer)首席执行官，类似总经理、总裁，是企业的法人代表。 COO(Chief Operations Officer)首席运营官，类似常务总经理 CFO(Chief Financial Officer)首席财务官，类似财务总经理 CIO(Chief Information Officer)首席信息官，主管企业信息的收集和发布CTO(Chief technology officer)首席技术官类似总工程师 HRD(Human Resource Director)人力资源总监 OD(Operations Director)运营总监 MD(Marketing Director)市场总监 OM(Operations Manager)运作经理 PM(Production Manager)生产经理 (Product Manager)产品经理 其他： CAO: Art 艺术总监 CBO: Business 商务总监 CCO: Content 内容总监 CDO: Development 开发总监 CGO: Gonverment 政府关系 CHO: Human resource 人事总监 CJO: Jet 把营运指标都加一个或多个零使公司市值像火箭般上升的人 CKO: Knowledge 知识总监 CLO: Labour 工会主席 CMO: Marketing 市场总监 CNO: Negotiation 首席谈判代表CPO: Public relation 公关总监 CQO: Quality control 质控总监 CRO: Research 研究总监 CSO: Sales 销售总监 CUO: User 客户总监 CVO: Valuation 评估总监 CWO: Women 妇联主席 CXO: 什么都可以管的不管部部长 CYO: Yes 什么都点头的老好人 CZO: 现在排最后，等待接班的太子 常用聊天英语缩写
英语常用句子的简写 btw(by the way)：这个大多数人都会用，就是“顺便再说一句”的意思。 g2g(got to go)：要走了。原句是I've got to go。 omg(oh my god)：我的天啊！有时为了表达更强烈的情感，有人会打：OMGGGGGGG! lol(laugh out loud)：大声地笑。这个缩写已经快被用烂了。 sth(something)：某事某物。 nth(nothing)：什么也没有。 plz(please)：请。please 字尾是z 音，所以按照读音缩写为plz。 thx(thanks)：谢谢。按照发音来看，thanks字尾的ks可以用字母X代替。 数字： 2 = to/too 2B or not 2B = To be or not to be 4 = for 4ever = forever A： ASL = Age/Sex/Location AFAIC = As Far As I’m Concerned AFAIK = As Far As I Know AFK = Away From Keyboard AIAMU = And I’m A Monkey’s Uncle AISI = As I See It AKA = Also Known As AMBW = All My Best Wishes ANFAWFOWS = And Now For A Word Word From Our Web Sponsor AOTS = All Of The Sudden ASAFP = As Soon As “Friggin” Possible ASAP = As Soon As Possible ATST = At The Same Time AWGTHTGTTA = Are We Going To Have To Go Through This Again AWGTHTGTTSA = Are We Going To Have To Go Through This Sh Again AYSOS = Are You Stupid Or Something B： B4 = Before B4N = Bye For Now BBFBBM = Body By Fisher, Brains by Mattel BBIAB = Be Back In A Bit BBIAF = Be Back In A Few BBL = Be Back Later
全国人民代表大会National People's Congress (NPC) 主席团Presidium 常务委员会Standing Committee 办公厅General Office 秘书处Secretariat 代表资格审查委员会Credentials Committee 提案审查委员会Motions Examination Committee 民族委员会Ethnic Affairs Committee 法律委员会Law Committee 财政经济委员会Finance and Economy Committee 外事委员会Foreign Affairs Committee 教育、科学、文化和卫生委员会Education,Science,Culture and Public Health Committee 内务司法委员会Committee for Internal and Judicial Affairs 华侨委员会Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee 法制工作委员会Commission of Legislative Affairs 特定问题调查委员会Commission of Inquiry into Specific Questions 宪法修改委员会Committee for Revision of the Constitution 2、中华人民共和国主席President of the People's Republic of China 3、中央军事委员会Central Military Commission 4、最高人民法院Supreme People's Court
经济股市常用英文缩写大全 学习啦小编为大家整理了经济股市常用英文缩写大全，一起来学习吧! CRB是期货价格指数，反映期货价格的高低。路透商品研究局指数(CRB)是最早创立的商品指数，诞生于1957年，最早由28种商品组成，其中26种在美国和加拿大上市。1986年该指数在纽约商品交易所开始交易(现已并入到NYBOT)。路透社拥有该商品指数的所有权。CRB指数以一揽子的商品价格为组成成分，在此基础上计算而得到的商品指数，反映的是美国商品价格的总体波动，能使机构和个人投资者利用指数交易而获得商品价格综合变动带来的获利机会。CRB指数原来赋予了各构成商品同等权重，因此某一商品价格的反向变动不会导致CRB指数值出现异常巨大的变动。同时，在计算指数值时，CRB指数利用了合约延期和几何平均技术，这对指数价格的波动起到了平抑作用，从而创造了相对平滑的价格走势。ECI是就业成本指数。它是在受薪就业时对在美国所有州及255个地区超过500个行业所提供的工作数量的量度，就业估计是基于大企业的市场调整。而且把在国内企业及政府里全职或兼职的受薪员工数目计算起来。它反映的是就业的难易及其条件的好坏。CBD的全称是Central Business District，我国现有三种译法：中央商务区、商务中心
区或中央商业区，其概念最早产生于1923年的美国，当时定义为'商业会聚之处'。随后，CBD的内容不断发展丰富，成为一个城市、一个区域乃至一个国家的经济发展中枢。一般而言，CBD应该具备以下要素特征：它是城市的功能核心，城市的经济、科技、文化、商业等高度集中;它交通便利，人流、车流、物流巨大;它白天人口密度最高，昼夜间人口数量变化最大;它位于城市的黄金地带，地价最高;它高楼林立，土地利用率最高。NASDAQ，纳斯达克是英文缩写“NASDAQ”的音译名，全称是美国“全国证券交易商协会自动报价系统”。它建于1971年，是世界上第一个电子化证券市场。纳斯达克的发展与美国高技术产业的成长是相辅相成的，被奉为“美国新经济的摇篮”。股市中N、XD、XR、DR、G分别表示什么解释如下：当股票名称前出现了N字，表示这只股是当日新上市的股票，字母N是英语New(新)的缩写。看到带有N字头的股票时，投资者除了知道它是新股，还应认识到这只股票的股价当日在市场上是不受涨跌幅限 制的，涨幅可以高于10%，跌幅也可深于10%。这样就较容易控制风险和把握投资机会。当股票名称前出现XD 字样时，表示当日是这只股票的除息日，XD是英语Exclud(除去)Dividend(利息)的简写。在除息日的当天，股价的基准价比前一个交易日的收盘价要低，因为从中扣除了利息这一部分的差价。当股票名称前出现XR的字样时，表明当日
那些常见的英文缩写 日常生活篇: 1. R.S.V.P: 源自于法语‘Répondez s'il vous plait’，英文解释为'Respond, if you please'.邀请函结尾写这个，表示‘敬请回复’； 2. P.S: 这个我们应该见的最多，意思是‘post script’,表示‘再多说一句’，一般写完要说的话之后结尾突然想起说什么可以写； 3. ASAP: as soon as possible. 表示“尽快”，可读成A-SAP; 4. ETA: estimated time of arrival. 表示‘预计到达时间’； 5. BYOB: bring your own bottle; 表示”自带酒水，举办派对时常用” 吃饭做菜篇： 1. tsp or t : teaspoon 一茶匙 2. tbs / tbsp. / T: tablespoon 一汤匙 3. c: cup 一杯 4. gal: gallon 加仑 5. lb : pound 磅 6. pt：pint 品脱 7. qt: quart 夸脱 出国地图篇： 1. Ave: avenue 大街 2. Blvd: boulevard 大道 3. Ln: lane 车道 4. Rd: road 公路 5. St: street 街道 教育工作篇： 1. BA: Bachelor of Arts 文学士 2. BS: Bachelor of Science 理学士 3. MA: Master of Arts 文科硕士 4. PA: Personal Assistant 私人助理 5. VP: Vice President 副总统;副总裁 6. CEO: Chief Executive Officer 首席执行官 7. CFO: Chief Financial Officer 首席财务官 8. COO: Chief Operating Officer 首席运营官 9. CMO: Chief Marketing Officer 首席营销官 社交聊天篇： 1. JK :just kidding 跟你开玩笑呢 2. TBD: to be determined 待定
超实用英语缩写大全 无论口语表达还是书面表达，英语中也有很多缩写，如果你不能很好地理解和运用这些英语缩写，那就会大大影响你的英语日常交流水平，令你面临重重困难；反之，熟悉掌握这些英语缩写，能帮助你有效提高表达和沟通能力。 【一】常见的口语缩写 首先是非常简单和常见的，在口语中我们经常碰到一些缩写，诸如 wanna, gonna 之类，那么他们到底是怎么来的呢？又是什么意思呢？ 1.wanna (= want to) 【美国口语】 wanna 是 "want to" 的缩写，意为“想要”“希望” eg: Wanna grab a drink tonight? 今晚喝一杯如何？
wanna的使用范围极广，从日常口语到 歌曲名称都有它的影子，有一首传唱度很高的歌想必大家都听过，歌名就是"Be What U Wanna Be " 2.gonna(= going to) gonna 是"going to" 的缩写，用在将 来时中，一般与 be 动词连用成“be gonna”结构，但在口语中也有省略be 的情况出现。【美国口语】 eg: Who's gonna believe you? 谁会信你呢？ 3.kinda (= kind of) kinda 是"kind of"的缩写，意为“有点”“有几分” eg:
I'm kinda freaking out! 我快疯了！ 4.sorta (=sort of)【美国口语】 sorta 是 "sort of" 的缩写，意为“有几分”“可以说是” eg: I'm sorta excited. 我有点小兴奋！ 5.gotta (=got to)【美国口语】 gotta是"got to"的缩写，意为“不得不”“必须” eg: I gotta go now. 我现在得走了。 【二】常见的书面缩写
英文论坛常用缩写 —问好— 1,hiho=yo=hi=hey=hello=你好，大家好 2,holla=来和我讲话，also, holla at yo boy, holla at yo girl etc. 3,sup=wuz up=what’s up=(原意：怎么样你？/有什么事儿嘛？)也可作为问好用(一般是比较熟的两个人之间的问候，黑人除外)，回答时有事说事，没事用"nothing/nothin much/not much/nm等回答就可以。 —再见— 1,cya=cu=see ya=see you=再见 2,laterz=later=cya later=see ya later=see you later=再见 3,gn=gn8=gnight=good night=晚安 4,nn=nite=晚安 说明：一般第一个人常说gnight/gn8,然后第二个人用nite,后面的用nn什么的都可以了。不要问我为什么，约定俗成而已。 —惊叹赞扬— 1,OMG=oh my god=我的天；我靠！ 2,OMFG=oh my f ucking god=我的老天；我靠靠； 3,wtf=what the f uck=怎么会事！？我日！ 4,n1=nice 1=nice one=漂亮 5, pwnz=ownz=牛比！(例句：pwnz demo!;Wayne ownz all the others!) 6,rullz=强！(例句：Wayne rullz!;you guyz rull!!!) 7,you rock!=你牛比！(口语中常用，irc中偶尔能看到。) —笑— 1,lol=laughing out loud /laugh out loud=大笑 2,lmao=laughing my ass off=笑的屁股尿流 3,rofl=roll on floor laughing=笑翻天了 4,roflmfao=rofl + lmao (其中的f = ****ing) 排序:hehe 企业常用英文缩写 5S : 5S管理 ABC : 作业制成本制度 (Activity-Based Costing) ABB : 实施作业制预算制度 (Activity-Based Budgeting) ABM : 作业制成本管理 (Activity-Base Management) APS : 先进规画与排程系统 (Advanced Planning and Scheduling) ASP : 应用程序服务供货商（Application Service Provider） ATP : 可承诺量 (Available To Promise) AVL : 认可的供货商清单(Approved Vendor List) BOM : 物料清单 (Bill Of Material) BPR : 企业流程再造 (Business Process Reengineering) BSC : 平衡记分卡 (Balanced ScoreCard) BTF : 计划生产 (Build To Forecast) BTO : 订单生产 (Build To Order) CPM : 要径法 (Critical Path Method) CPM : 每一百万个使用者会有几次抱怨(Complaint per Million) CRM : 客户关系管理 (Customer Relationship Management) CRP : 产能需求规划 (Capacity Requirements Planning) CTO : 客制化生产 (Configuration To Order) DBR : 限制驱导式排程法 (Drum-Buffer-Rope) DMT : 成熟度验证(Design Maturing Testing) DVT : 设计验证(Design Verification Testing) DRP : 运销资源计划 (Distribution Resource Planning) 企业管理常用缩写术语中英文对照 ? :5S管理 ?6σ：六西格玛管理 A ? : 作业制成本制度(Activity-Based Costing) ? ABB: 实施作业制预算制度(Activity-Based Budgeting) ? : 作业制成本管理(Activity-Base Management) ? APS: () ? : （） ? ATP: () ? AVL: 认可的供货商清单(Approved Vendor List) B ? :物料清单(Bill Of Material) ? :企业流程再造(Business Process Reengineering) ? :平衡记分卡(Balanced ScoreCard) ? BTF:计划生产(Build To Forecast) ? BTO:(Build To Order) C ? :要径法(Critical Path Method) ? CPM:每一百万个使用者会有几次抱怨(Complaint per Million) ? :客户关系管理(Customer Relationship Management) ? CRP:(Capacity Requirements Planning) ? CTO:客制化生产(Configuration To Order) D ? :限制驱导式排程法(Drum-Buffer-Rope) ? DMT：成熟度验证(Design Maturing Testing) ? DVT:设计验证(Design Verification Testing) ? :运销资源计划(Distribution Resource Planning) ? DSS:(Decision Support System) E 最常用的英文缩写（速记、短信、翻译等常用) asl是Age, sex and location 的所写，年龄，性别和地址（国籍）lol是laugh out loud的缩写，意思是大声笑,笑的很开心的样子 ppl=people bbs=be back soon=很快回来 thx=thanks ur=your asap=as soon as possible g2g = got to go ttyl = talk to you later brb = be right back bbl = be back later bio brb=上个厕所就回 afk = away from keyboard (away) u = you plz = please y = why w8 = wait l8er = later cya = see ya (later) nvm = nevermind nm = not much gl = good luck gf = girlfriend bf = boyfriend luv=love RUOK=are you ok? sp=support cu=see u cul8er= see you later ft=faint ic=i see soho=small office home officer btw=by the way gn=gn8=gnight=good night=晚安 nn=nite=晚安 说明：一般第一个人常说gnight/gn8,然后第二个人用nite,后面的用nn什么的都可以了。不要问我为什么，约定俗成而已。 hiho=hola=yo=hi=hey=hellow=ello你好，大家好 wuz up=sup=what's up=(原意：怎么样你？/有什么事儿嘛？)也可作为问好用(当然是比较熟的两个人之间的问候)，回答时有事说事，没事用"nothing/nothin much/not much/nm等回答就可以。 OMG=oh my god=我的天；我靠！ OMFG=oh my fucking god=我的老天；我靠靠； wtf=what the fuck=怎么会事！？；我日！； OMGWTFBBQSOURCE !!!表震惊到了极致. n1=nice 1=nice one=漂亮 pwnz=ownz=牛比！(例句：pwnz demo!;lefuzee ownz all the others!) rullz=强！(例句：lefuzee rullz!;you guyz rull!!!) you rock!=你牛比！ lmao=laughing my ass off=笑的屁股尿流 rofl=roll on floor laughing=笑翻天了 roflmao=rofl+lmao=笑到爆了! 语气强度排序:hehe 企业各职位英文缩写： 欧阳光明（2021.03.07） GM(General Manager)总经理 VP(Vice President)副总裁 FVP(First Vice President)第一副总裁 AVP(Assistant Vice President)副总裁助理 CEO(Chief Executive Officer)首席执行官，类似总经理、总裁，是企业的法人代表。 COO(Chief Operations Officer)首席运营官，类似常务总经理 CFO(Chief Financial Officer)首席财务官，类似财务总经理 CIO(Chief Information Officer)首席信息官，主管企业信息的收集和发布 CTO(Chief technology officer)首席技术官类似总工程师 HRD(Human Resource Director)人力资源总监 OD(Operations Director)运营总监 MD(Marketing Director)市场总监 OM(Operations Manager)运作经理 PM(Production Manager)生产经理 (Product Manager)产品经理 其他： CAO: Art 艺术总监 CBO: Business 商务总监 CCO: Content 内容总监 CDO: Development 开发总监 CGO: Gonverment 政府关系 CHO: Human resource 人事总监 CJO: Jet 把营运指标都加一个或多个零使公司市值像火箭般上升的人 CKO: Knowledge 知识总监 CLO: Labour 工会主席 CMO: Marketing 市场总监 CNO: Negotiation 首席谈判代表CPO: Public relation 公关总监CQO: Quality control 质控总监 CRO: Research 研究总监 CSO: Sales 销售总监 CUO: User 客户总监 星期 星期一：MONDAY=MON 星期二：TUESDAY=TUS 星期三：WENSEDAY=WEN 星期四：THURSDAY=THUR 星期五：FRIDAY=FRI 星期六：SA TURDAY=SA T 星期天：SUNDAY=SUN 月份 一月份＝JAN 二月份＝FEB 三月份＝MAR 四月份＝APR 五月份＝MAY六月份＝JUN 七月份＝JUL 八月份＝AUG 九月份＝SEP 十月份＝OCT 十一月份＝NOV 十二月份＝DEC 常用词 VIP = very improtant person重要人物 IMP (import)进口 EXP (export)出口 MAX (maximum)最大的、的最大限度的 MIN (minimum)最小的，最低限度 DOC (document)文件、的单据 INT (international)国际的 EMS (express mail special)特快传递 IRC（International Red Cross）国际红十字会 UNESCO（the United Nations Educational,Scientific and Cultural organization）联合国教科文组织 W.C（water closet） CIA(central intelligence agence)美国中情局 FBI(feberal bureau of investigation)美国联邦调查局 FA(football association)足协 4＝FOR 到永远＝FOREVER 2＝TO RTN＝RETURN(送回) BT＝BLOOD TYPE(血型) PLS＝PLEASE(请) BD＝BIRTHDAY(生日) REWARD＝酬谢 REWARD 4 RETURN＝送回有酬谢 ALLRG＝过敏 军事术语 USMC＝海军陆战队 NA VY＝海军 AF＝AIR FORCE(空军) ARMY＝陆军 宗教类 C＝CHRISTIANISM(基督教) J＝JUDAISM(犹太教) C＝CA THOLICISM(天主教) B＝BUDDHISM(佛教) I＝ISLAM（伊斯兰教） NR＝NO REFERENCE(没有宗教信仰) 公司常用英文及縮寫 Prototype workshop 樣品中心Engineer standard 工標 W/I 作業指導書Document center (database center) 資料中心Design center 設計中心Education & training 教育訓練Proposal improvement (creative suggestion) 提案改善Technological exchange and study 技術交流研習會Technology and development committee 技術發展委員會BS brain storming 腦力激盪QCC quality control circle 品質圈MN manufacture notice 作業指示書PC production control 生管MC material control 物管MDS master demand schedule 主需求排程MPS master production schedule 主生產排程Sales forecast 銷售預測Noncomforting product 不合格品Defective product 不良品MRP material requirement plan 物料需求計畫MRB material review board 物料評審委員會IPQC in process quality control 過程中的品質管制IQC incoming quality control 進料品質管制FQC final quality control終點品質管制OQC outgoing quality control 最終出貨品質管制QC quality control 品質管制TQC total quality control全面質量管理OQC output quality control 出貨質量保證QA quality assurance 質量保證QE quality engineering 品質工程FAA first article assurance 首件確認FAI first article inspection 首件檢查FPIR first piece inspection report 首件檢查報告CP capability index 能力指數PDCA plan do check action 計畫執行檢查總結DCC delivery control center 交貨管制中心OJT on the job training 在職培訓CAR corrective action report 矯正報告FA failure analysis 失效分析LEBU lighting engine business unit 光學引擎事業處OCBU optics component business unit 光學元件事業處CE component engineering 元件工程ODM original design manufacturing OEM original equipment manufacturing DMT design maturity test 產品驗證EC engineering change 工程變更R/T receipt traveler 材料,收料,檢 驗和驗收入庫之使用單據S/S sample size 樣本大小SSQA standardized supplier quality audit 合格供應商品質評估FMEA failure model effectiveness analysis 失效模式分析ACC accept 允收REE reject 拒收 常见英文缩写 常用英文缩写 VIP = very improtant person重要人物 IMP (import)进口 EXP (export)出口 MAX (maximum)最大的、的最大限度的 MIN (minimum)最小的，最低限度 DOC (document)文件、的单据 INT (international)国际的 EMS (express mail special)特快传递 IRC（International Red Cross）国际红十字会 UNESCO（the United Nations Educational,Scientific and Cultural Organization）联合国教科文组织 W.C（water closet） CIA(central intelligence agence)美国中情局 FBI(feberal bureau of investigation)美国联邦调查局 FA(football association)足协 WTO 世界贸易组织 WHO世界卫生组织 UN 联合国 UNICEF 联合国教科文组织 建筑 1.CBD：中央商务区 (Central Business District) CBD应具备以下特征：现代城市商务中心，汇聚世界众多知名企业，经济、金融、商业高度集中，众多最好的写字楼、商务酒店和娱乐中心，最完善便利的交通，最快捷的通讯与昂贵的地价。 2.CLD：中央居住区，指由若干个居住区组成的可以满足城市居民居住、教育、购物、娱乐、休闲的大型集中型居住区，国际上普遍称为Central Living District（简称CLD）。CLD最重要的两个因素是空间和环境。 3.COD：中央行政区，全称是CentraL OffiCiaL DistriCt ，其名称源于该区内汇集了多家国家部委、机关、办事机构 4.MORE：互动商务居住区，英文Mobile Office Residential Edifice的缩写，其文意为移动、办公、居住等意。MORE社区具有最轻松的办公室、较正规的环境、最有效的商务团队，还有住宅内更隐私的空间等诸多优点。 5.CID：以中关村为中心的高科技园区，是Central Information District的缩写。这是一个过渡的概念，并不成熟。很多关于CID的提法，都是与CBD和CLD共存的。 6.SOHO：小型居家办公室 7.LOFT：无内墙割断的平敞式平面布置宅 邮件中常用英文缩写 您肯定有时会在电子邮件或信件中看到不理解的奇怪缩写词。是否想知道它们表示什么？ 下面是一个有用列表，相信会对您有所帮助。一些缩写（标有*）也会用在日常对话中。 i.e.*：that is（即）的缩写（“We will do it by eob, i.e. 5:30 pm（我们将在下班前完成，即，下午5:30 之前）”，发音为“eye-ee”） incl.：including（包括）的缩写（“Pls send it incl. new propsal asap.（请尽快发送，包括新的建议书。）”） info.：information（信息）的缩写（“Thanks in advance for the info.（提前感谢提供该信息。）”）IOU*：I owe you（欠条）的缩写（“We will send an IOU（我们将发给您一张欠条）”，发音为“I owe you”） K*：a thousand（一千）的缩写（“It will cost around 3K（将花费大约三千）”，发音为“three-kay”） max.*：maximum（最多）的缩写（“It will cost 3K max.（最多将花费三千。）”） MD*：managing director（总经理）的缩写（“He’s our MD（他是我们的总经理）”，发音为“em-dee”） min.*：minimum（最少）的缩写（“It will cost 3K min.（最少将花费三千。）”） n/a：not applicable（不适用）的缩写（“This is n/a in this context.（在此上下文中不适用。）”）NB：please note（请注意）的缩写（用在文档的末尾，“NB: Holidays this year are cancelled.（请注意：本年度的假期被取消。）”） no.：number（编号）的缩写（“Pls advise no. of deliveries.（请建议交付编号。）”） p.a.：per year（每年）的缩写（“How much p.a.?（每年有多少？）”） pd：paid（已支付）的缩写（“This invoice was pd in December.（此发票在12 月份已支付。）”）pls：please（请）的缩写（“Pls advise.（请建议。）”） PTO：please turn over（请翻页）的缩写（用在页面末尾） p.w.：per week（每周）的缩写（“How many p.w.?（每周多少？）”） qtr：quarter（季度）的缩写（“How many per qtr?（每季度多少？”） qty：quantity（数量）的缩写（“Pls advise re. qty.（请就数量提出建议。）”） R&D*：research and development（研发）的缩写（“Need to do some R&D.（需要做一些研发。）”） re.：with reference to（关于）的缩写（“Pls advise re. qty.（请就数量提出建议。）”） ROI：return on investment（投资回报率）的缩写（“What will the ROI be?（投资回报率是多少？）”） RSVP*：please reply（请回复）的缩写（用在邀请函中） sae：stamped addressed envelope（已贴邮票、写好地址的信封）的缩写（“Pls send sae.（请发送已贴邮票、写好地址的信封。）”） 常用英文缩写 24/7*：non-stop - 24 hours a day, 7 days a week（一天24 小时，每周7 天无间断）的缩写（“We’re available 24/7（我们一天24 小时，每周7 天运作）”，发音为“twenty-four seven”）a/c：account（帐户）的缩写（“Re. the American a/c, …（关于美国帐户...）”） AGM*：annual general meeting（年会）的缩写（“TBD at next AGM in March（在三月份的下一次年会上待定）”，发音为“ay-gee-em”） AOB：any other business（任何其他事务）的缩写（通常用在会议日程的末尾）approx.：approximately（大约）的缩写（“Delivery takes approx. 4 days.（大约需要4 天时间交付。）”） asap*：as soon as possible（尽快）的缩写（“Pls do this asap（请尽快开始）”，发音为“ay-ess-ay-pee”） asst：assortment（花色）的缩写（“Please send asst of products.（请发来产品的花色。）”）atm：at the moment （此时）的缩写（“Can’t decide atm - will let you know.（此时无法决定，以后再告诉您。）”） attn：for the attention of（收阅人）的缩写（写在信件/传真等的顶部：“attn:（收阅人：）Mr Jones（琼斯先生）”） b/c：because（因为）的缩写（“Have to cancel meeting b/c Mr Jones is unwell.（因为琼斯先生不舒服，不得不取消会议。）”） btw：by the way（顺便提一下）的缩写（“Btw, how was your holiday?（顺便问一下，您的假期过得如何？）”） cc*：copy to（抄送）的缩写（“I’ll put him on cc（我将抄送给他）”，发音为“see-see”）cd：could（可以）的缩写（“Cd you please get in touch with our sales dept?（您可以与我们的销售部联系吗？）”） CEO*：chief executive officer（首席执行官）的缩写（“She’s our CEO（她是我们的首席执行官）”，发音为“see-ee-oh”）cf”compare with（与...相比较）的缩写（“Cf January orders.（与一月的订单相比较。）”） CIO*：chief information officer（首席信息官）的缩写（“Mr Jones is our CIO（琼斯先生是我们的首席信息官）”，发音为“see-eye-oh”） c/o：care of（由...转交）的缩写（通常写在地址上面。“Please send it c/o Mr Jones.（请转交琼斯先生。）”） cob：close of business（下班）的缩写（“It should be ready today cob.（在今天下班时应该可以做好。）”） cod：cash on delivery（货到付款）的缩写（“Please pay cod.（请货到付款。）”） crm：customer relationship management（客户关系管理）的缩写（“The company has excellent crm.（公司有良好的客户关系管理。）”） cv*：curriculum vitae（简历）的缩写（“Please send your cv with your application（请在申请时发送简历）”，发音为“see-vee”） dept：department（部门）的缩写（“He’s in the sales dept.（他在销售部。）”） devt：development（发展）（“January saw good devt.（一月份发展良好。）”） diff.：difference（区别）的缩写（“Please specify diff. between products A and B.（请指出产品A 和产品B 之间的区别。）”） e.g.*：for example（例如）的缩写（“Different depts., e.g. marketing, sales（不同的部门，例如销售部）”，发音为“ee-gee”） EGM：extraordinary general meeting（股东特别大会）的缩写（“TBD at an EGM（在股东特企业常用英文缩写
企业管理常用缩写术语中英文对照
最常用的英文缩写总结
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9--常用英文缩写
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常见英文缩写
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