高中英语语法之动名词
一、含义
动名词兼有动词和名词特征的非谓语动词形式。基本形式为v-ing, 动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以做主语、表语、宾语、定语等。
动名词有时态和语态的变化。
动名词的时态和语态的基本形式：（以write为例）
注意：动名词的否定形式是：not writing
二、动名词的基本用法
１．用作主语---常表抽象，或者泛指习惯性的动作。
Smoking is bad for your health.
Playing with fire is dangerous.
Swimming is her favorite sport. 游泳是她最喜欢的体育运动。
Learning is important to modern life. 学习对现代生活很重要。
注意：
①不定式也可以做主语。不定式与动名词作主语的区别：
不定式作主语时经常表示具体的、
．．．动作，而动名词
．．．．一次性
作主语时经常表示抽象动作或习惯性动作。
Getting up early is a good habit.
To get up early this morning made me sleepy.
②动名词作主语，有时用it作形式主语，把动名词置于句末。
It is no use/ good doing...(做。。。没有用);
It is fun doing... (做。。。很有趣);
It is a waste of time doing... (做。。。是浪费时间) 等句型中。
例如：It’s no use crying over spilt milk.(覆水难收）
It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。
It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us.
说服这样一个人加入我们当中来是浪费时间。
2. 作宾语
①作某些及物动词的宾语
常见的动词有：advise，avoid，delay，escape，excuse，enjoy，consider，finish，deny，fancy，keep，mind（在乎）postpone，pardon，practise，suggest，imagine等。
need，want，require后接动名词，表示被动意义。
如：Would you mind opening the door？请你把门打开好吗？
Fancy meeting you here. 真想不到在这里遇见你。
②作介词的宾语
He left without saying good-bye to us. 他没有和我们道别就离开了。
On arriving at the airport，I saw my mother standing in the
crowd，waving to me.
一到机场，我就看见我母亲站在人群中，向我招手。
③作某些词组的宾语
常见的词组有：
give up，go on，put off，can't help，can't stand，be worth，be devoted to，be accustomed to，be used to，object to；insist on，look forward to，be sure of，be keen on，be fond of，be good at，be tired of，be interested in，be afraid of, cannot help 情不自禁be tired of 厌烦做某事insist on 坚持depend on/upon 指望，依赖set about着手做get down to着手做feel like 想要lead to 导致等。pay attention to
例：I'm looking forward to having the summer holiday in Kun-ming.
我盼望去昆明度暑假。
He gave up smoking several months ago. 几个月前，他戒烟了。
④某些词组后接动名词作宾语时，可省略词组中的介词。常见的词组如下：
He spends hours（in）reading newspapers everyday. 他每天花数小时阅读报纸。
We mustn't waste time（in）arguing.我们不能浪费时间争论。
The young doctor lacks experience（in）doing such kind of
operation.
那年轻的医生在动这种手术上缺乏经验。
We must stop/prevent the teens (from) smoking.
我们必须阻止这些十多岁的孩子吸烟。
We had a hard time （in ）finding jobs. 我们一度找工作找得很苦。
They earn a living （by ）doing housework for other families. 他们为别的家庭做家务来谋生计。
他们讲英语（没）有困难。
注意：
⑤ 不定式也可以做宾语
I want to study English.
I hope to have a chance to go abroad.
⑥ 有些动词后即可加动名词也可加不定式，区别不大
★在begin ，start ，continue 后接动名词和不定式都可以，一般情况下意义相同。 如：??
???https://www.doczj.com/doc/065322725.html,st basketball play to https://www.doczj.com/doc/065322725.html,st basketball playing started They 去年他们开始打篮球。 但如果碰到以下情况，begin 和start 后须用动词不定式： （a ）主语是物：
The milk began to boil. 牛奶开始煮沸了。
（b ）后接心理活动或状态的动词：
They began to know the danger ahead of them. 他们开始意
识到他们有危险。
（c ）begin 和start 用于进行时态：
They were starting to have dinner when 1 went in. 我进去时他们刚要吃饭。
（d ）后接被动式：
The TV tower started to be built several years ago. 电视塔是在几年前开始建造的。
★ 在need ，want ，require 后接动名词和动词不定式的被动式，意义相同，都表示被动，表示需要被……的意思。如：
??
???.repaired be to .repairing needs set TV The 这电视机需要修理。 ?????after.
looked be to after.looking wants child The 这小孩需要照顾。 ?????checked.
be to checking.requires machine washing The 这台洗衣机需要检查。
★ 在hate ，like ，love ，prefer 后可接动名词，也可接不定式，但意义不同，接动名词表示经常发生的动作，而接动词不定式则表示某一具体的动作。如：
★在remember ，forget ，regret 后接动名词表示已做过的事，而接动词不定式表示动作还未发生。如：
★ mean ，try ，go on ，stop 后接动名词和动词不定式，意义完全不同：
Mean doing 意味着……
例如：His breaking the arm meant his doing things carelessly.
他摔坏了手臂意味着他做事粗心。
mean to do打算做……
例如：I meant to say I was sorry. 我想说声对不起。
try doing试试看（用某种方法）
例如：If you can't work out the problem this way，try
如你用这种方法做不出这道题，试用那种方法。
try to do设法、试图
例如：I'm trying to open the door，but I don't think I can.
我正设法打开门，但我想我是徒劳的。
go on doing继续干某事
例如：He was reading when he beard the door bell. He opened the door and went on reading. 他在看书时听
到门铃响。他开了门又继续看书。
go on to do接着又去干另外一件事。
例如：
When he finished doing his homework，he went on to
practise playing the piano. 他做完作业后，接着又练习弹钢
琴了。
stop doing sth. 停止做某事。
例如：
Would you please stop talking？Let's listen to the story.
请你们停止说话，我们来听故事。
stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事。如：
例如：I'm tired. I want to stop to have a rest. 我很累。我想停下来休息一会。
3. 作表语
动名词作表语时句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what 引导的名词性从句。表语动名词与主语通常是对等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语、表语可互换位置。
Your task is cleaning the windows. 你的任务就是擦窗户。
(Cleaning the windows is your task.)
What I hate most is being laughed at. 我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。
(Being laughed at is what I hate most.)
Teaching is my job.= My job is teaching. 我的工作是教书。
★动名词作表语的时候，特别要注意：不要与正在进行时混淆。动名词作表语，表达的是“某件事”等。例如：
his part-time job is promoting new products for the company. （动名词）
他的业余工作是为那家公司推销新产品。
Reading is for sure learning, but applying is also learning to a greater extent.（动名词）
读书当然是学习，然而运用在很大程度上更是学习。
Their task is exploring oil mines in the west. （动名词）
4、作定语
动名词作定语的情况并不是很普遍，一般表示被修饰的词的用途和性能。例如：swimming pool 游泳池reading material 阅读材料walking stick 手杖
a walking stick=a stick for walking=a stick which is used for walking
a washing machine=a machine for washing=a machine which is used for washing
a reading room=a room for reading=a room which is used for reading
三、动名词的逻辑主语
（1）动名词的逻辑主语（动作的发出者）一般用名词所有格（××’s）或物主代词（my，your，his，her，our，their）充
当。这种用名词所有格或物主代词＋动名词构成的形式叫复
合结构。如：
Would you mind my opening the door？我开门，你介意吗？
Would you mind opening the door？请把门打开。
第一句是让你去开门，第二句是我来开门。）
（2）在口语中和非正式文体中常用人称代词宾格作动名词的逻辑主语。如：
The doctor suggested them having their health check-up once a year.
医生建议他们每年检查一次身体。
★所以：
你介意汤姆抽烟吗？Would you mind Tom/Tom’s smoking?
你介意我抽烟吗？Would you mind me/my smoking?
Tom’s coming is what we have expected.
His coming is what we have expected.
She didn’t mind Tom’s/ Tom coming here.
She didn’t mind his/ him coming here.
★如果名词是表示无生命事物时，只用“名词的普通格(名词)+doing”，不用名词的所有格。
Can you hear the noise of the machine running?
你能听到机器运转的声音吗？
四、动名词的否定形式由not加doing形式构成。
His not coming made everyone present very disappointed.
他没来使在场的每个人都很失望。
你听过英文语法有动词(verb)、名词(noun)；但你听过有动名词(gerund)吗？ 1. The girl is singing a song. 2. The girl singing now is my sister. 3. Singing is one of her hobbies(爱好). 三个句子中都有singing。第一个句子的singing是常见的现在进行式(Present Continuous)，是说眼下正在做什么；第二个句子的singing是现在分词(Present Participle)，它把sing这个动词转为形容词，但仍有动词的成份（哈哈，这么一说，要把你搞晕了吧:-) 。关于分词，以后有空再谈OK？）。好戏在后头，你看看第三个句子的singing到底是什么东东呀？原来就是我们的主角动名词(Gerund)了！憧矗瑂ing原本是个动词，可是现在它加上ing后，看来竟像是一个名词了。 一、名词性的动名词(Nominal Gerund) Nominal Gerund 可以加上定冠词(Definite article，如the)或不定冠词(Indefinite article，如a, an)，其他可加在动名词前的还有如：my, this, some, any, all, no 等等。举例如下： 1. The mellow(愉快地) singing of the birds announces the coming of spring. (singing前加定冠词the及形容词mellow；coming 前加the) 2. We knew the robber was near when we heard a faint rustling(沙沙声) in the bushes. (rustling 前加不定冠词a及形容词faint) 从上面的例子可看出如何将一个动词转成名词；但它和真正的名词还是有区别的，那就是没有单数或复数之分。不过，有一些动名词是可以变成真正名词的喔，如：saying, writing, opening, painting, cutting, heading, feeling, being,saving, surrounding, crossing, misunderstanding 等等。它们都可以有复数的喔，方法就是在它们的后面加个s，如：paintings。 二、动词性的动名词(Verbal Gerund) 看看下面的句子： Carelessly writing essays annoys the teacher. 上面的句子里的writing是动名词，但前面有副词carelessly（粗心地），后面又有受词(Object) essays。因此writing就有动词的特征。 注意：Verbal Gerund 这类动名词的前面可不能加上任何冠词(the, a, an ...)喔。 动名词的功能与用法 一、在句子中用作主语(Subject)或主语的补语(Subject Complement): 1.1 作主语 1. Listening to music gives me pleasure. (主语Listening ） 2. Running is good exercise. （主语running) 3. Walking to school is a good idea. (主语walking) 1.2 作主语的补语 1. My cat's favorite activity is sleeping. (补语sleeping) 2. Seeing is believing. (主语seeing, 补语believing) 1.3 主语置于句尾 1.3.1 用It + be + ... +v-ing 句型 1. It is fun speaking English. 2. It is of great importance fighting against pollution(污染).
动名词的用法及练习 你听过英文语法有动词(verb)、名词(noun)；但你听过有动名词(gerund)吗 1. The girl is singing a song. 2. The girl singing now is my sister. 3. Singing is one of her hobbies(爱好). 一、名词性的动名词(Nominal Gerund) Nominal Gerund 可以加上定冠词(Definite article，如the)或不定冠词(Indefinite article，如a, an)，其他可加在动名词前的还有如：my, this, some, any, all, no 等等。举例如下： 1. The mellow(愉快地) singing of the birds announces the coming of spring. (singing前加定冠词the及形容词mellow；coming 前加the) 2. We knew the robber was near when we heard a faint rustling(沙沙声) in the bushes. (rustling 前加不定冠词a及形容词faint) 从上面的例子可看出如何将一个动词转成名词；但它和真正的名词还是有区别的，那就是没有单数或复数之分。不过，有一些动名词是可以变成真正名词的喔，如：saying, writing, opening, painting, cutting, heading, feeling, being,saving, surrounding, crossing, misunderstanding 等等。它们都可以有复数的喔，方法就是在它们的后面加个s，如：paintings。 二、动词性的动名词(Verbal Gerund) 看看下面的句子： Carelessly writing essays annoys the teacher. 上面的句子里的writing是动名词，但前面有副词carelessly（粗心地），后面又有受词(Object) essays。因此writing就有动词的特征。 注意：Verbal Gerund 这类动名词的前面可不能加上任何冠词(the, a, an ...)喔。 动名词的功能与用法 一、在句子中用作主语(Subject)或主语的补语(Subject Complement): 作主语 1. Listening to music gives me pleasure. (主语Listening ） 2. Running is good exercise. （主语running) 3. Walking to school is a good idea. (主语walking) 作主语的补语 1. My cat's favorite activity is sleeping. (补语sleeping) 2. Seeing is believing. (主语seeing, 补语believing) 主语置于句尾用It + be + ... +v-ing 句型 1. It is fun speaking English. 2. It is of great importance fighting against pollution(污染). 用It is 后接no use. no good, fun 等的句型 1. It is no use learning theory without practice. 2. It is no fun being lost in rain. 用It is 后接useless, nice, good, interesting, worthwhile 等的句型 1. It is worthwhile taking this into consideration. 用There + be + no + v-ing 的句型 1. There is no joking about such matters. 2. There is no getting along with him. (简直无法与他相处) 二、动名词也可以作宾语（Object) 作动词/动词短语的宾语(置于动词或动词短语的后面） 1. I cannot help laughing. （我禁不住笑了起来）（宾语laughing) 2. You should avoid quarrelling with your sister. (宾语quarrelling) 3. You should practice speaking English more. (宾语speaking) 注意：上面三个句子中的动词:help, avoid, practice 只能用动名词作宾语。这类动词还有：dislike 厌恶admit 接受repent 后悔acknowledge 承认
1 动名词的用法 动名词可以起名词的作用，在句子中作主语，宾语，表语，定语。动名词仍保留动词的 一般特征，可以有自己的宾语和状语，构成动名词短语。动名词的否定形式是在前面加上not, never等否定词。 （一）做主语和表语。动名词短语用and连起来做主语时，谓语用复数形式。例如：Fishing in this lake is forbidden. 这个湖里禁止钓鱼。 Going abroad for a visit and settling down abroad are two different things. 出国访问和在国外定居是两件不同的事情。 It seems that reading English is easier than speaking it.似乎读英语比说英语容易。 My favorite hobby is fishing/collecting stamps . 我最喜欢的爱好是钓鱼/集邮。 在It’s no use; It’s (no) good; It’s useless ; It’s (not) wise; It’s (not) worthwhile; It’s of great (no, little) importance 等习惯表达中，It为形式主语，而将做主语的动名词短语 放在后面。例如： It’s no use /good ringing her up now. 现在给她打电话没用了。 Is it worthwhile bargaining two hours for two cents? 为两分钱讲价两小时值得吗？ It’s wise trying again. 再试一次是明智的。 It is of great importance fighting against pollution. 制止污染有重要意义。 It is no use operating on the sick man. He should have been sent here early. 给这个病人做手术已经没用了。本应该早些把他送来。 It is no good smoking; you’d better give it up.吸烟没好处，你最好戒掉。 （二）动名词短语作宾语。常用的能接动名词的动词有：admit承认，appreciate 感激，avoid 避免，advise 建议，can’t help 不禁，celebrate 庆祝，consider 考虑，complete 完成，contemplate沉思、打算，defer推迟，delay 延期，deny 否认，detest 痛恨，discontinue 停止，dislike不喜欢，dispute不同意，endure 忍耐，enjoy 喜欢，escape逃脱，excuse 原谅，fancy想象，feel like 想要，finish结束，严禁，forgive 原谅，hinder 阻碍，imagine 想象，keep 保持，mention 提到，mind 在意，miss 错过，pardon 饶恕、原谅，permit 允许，postpone 推迟，practise 实践、练习，prevent 阻止，recall 回忆，report报告，resent 怨恨，resist抵制、阻止，risk冒险，stop 停止，suggest 建议，understand 明白、理解，等等。 例如： He avoided giving me a definite answer. 他避免给我一个正确答案。 David suggested selling your dog and car to pay the debt. 戴维建议卖掉你的狗和车 抵债。 （我们把这句话改为虚拟语气：David suggested that you (should) sell your dog and car to pay the debt. ） I couldn’t risk missing that train. 我可不敢冒误了那趟火车的险。
初中英语动名词的用法 动名词，即“动词原形+ing ”变成名词使用，具有双重性，既有动词的某些特征，有动词的各种变化形式；又有名词的某些性质，在句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语。同时也能被副词修饰或者支配宾语。 一、动名词的名词的性质 1. 作主语 动名词作为主语有以下几种表现形式： 1) 直接作为主语。 例如： Taking exercise everyday is a good habit. Finding work is difficult these days. Walking is a good form of exercise for both young and old. [句中Walking (散步)作为句子主语，直接出现。句意：散步对年轻人和老年人是一项很好的运动。] 2) 用it 作形式主语，真正的主语作为后置主语。 例如： It isn't easy trying to climb the mountain. [ 句中It 作为形式主语，动名词短语trying to do sth. 才是真正的主语。] 能用于上述结构的形容词有：better，wonderful ，enjoyable，interesting，foolish ，
difficult ，useless，senseless，worthwhile 等。但是important, essential, necessary等形容词不能用于上述结构。 用it 代替动名词作形式主语的除了上述句型外，还有一种句型为： It is no use/ useless/ useful/ no good/ great fun/ a waste of time/ nice/ good+ v-ing 例如： It's no use trying to argue with him. 3) “ There be” 的结构 这种句型一般是否定形式，There是引导词，作为形式 主语，动名词做真正主语。意思是“不可能……”。 例如： There is no joking about such matters. 4) 告示或简略的警告用语中，动名词在祈使句中作主语一般是否定的、省略的形式。 例如： No climbing. (No climbing is allowed. ) 5) 组成复合结构动名词有自己的逻辑主语时，可在其前面加上所有 格， 使之变成复合结构，可作为句中主语。 例如：
高中英语语法之动名词 一、含义 动名词兼有动词和名词特征的非谓语动词形式。基本形式为v-ing, 动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以做主语、表语、宾语、定语等。 动名词有时态和语态的变化。 动名词的时态和语态的基本形式：（以write为例） 注意：动名词的否定形式是：not writing 二、动名词的基本用法 １．用作主语---常表抽象，或者泛指习惯性的动作。 Smoking is bad for your health. Playing with fire is dangerous. Swimming is her favorite sport. 游泳是她最喜欢的体育运动。 Learning is important to modern life. 学习对现代生活很重要。 注意： ①不定式也可以做主语。不定式与动名词作主语的区别： 不定式作主语时经常表示具体的、 ．．．动作，而动名词 ．．．．一次性 作主语时经常表示抽象动作或习惯性动作。
Getting up early is a good habit. To get up early this morning made me sleepy. ②动名词作主语，有时用it作形式主语，把动名词置于句末。 It is no use/ good doing...(做。。。没有用); It is fun doing... (做。。。很有趣); It is a waste of time doing... (做。。。是浪费时间) 等句型中。 例如：It’s no use crying over spilt milk.(覆水难收） It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。 It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us. 说服这样一个人加入我们当中来是浪费时间。 2. 作宾语 ①作某些及物动词的宾语 常见的动词有：advise，avoid，delay，escape，excuse，enjoy，consider，finish，deny，fancy，keep，mind（在乎）postpone，pardon，practise，suggest，imagine等。 need，want，require后接动名词，表示被动意义。 如：Would you mind opening the door？请你把门打开好吗？ Fancy meeting you here. 真想不到在这里遇见你。 ②作介词的宾语 He left without saying good-bye to us. 他没有和我们道别就离开了。 On arriving at the airport，I saw my mother standing in the
动名词的用法详解 今天给大家带来动名词的用法详解，我们一起来学习吧，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。 英语语法：动名词的用法详解 动名词因同时拥有动词和名词两者的特点而拥有及其丰富 的用法，熟练的掌握这些用法不仅可以使口语表达更地道生动，也能在写作中增分添彩。 动名词主要有四种用法，做主语，作宾语，作表语，作定语，每种用法下又分小类别，是一个非常复杂庞大的系统，学习者们往往会理不清脉络，今天就为大家带来动名词的用法讲解。 一.作主语 1.直接位于句首 eg.Swimming is a good sport in summer. 2.用it作形式主语，把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语。 eg.It is no use telling him not to worry.
.mportant，essential，necessary等形容词不能用于上述结构。 3.用于“There be”结构中 eg.There is no saying when hell come. 4.动名词的复合结构作主语: 当动名词有自己的逻辑主语时，常可以在前面加上一个名词或代词的所有格，构成动名词的复合结构,动名词疑问句通常使用这种结构做主语 eg.Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us. Does your saying that mean anything to him? 二.作宾语 1.作动词的宾语 某些动词后出现非限定性动词时只能用动名词作宾语，不能用不定式。不定式通常指某种特定的动作，但动名词表示泛指，常见的此类动词有： admit,appreciate,excuse,stand,advise,allow,permit,avoid,consider,e njoy,finish,give up,cannot help,imagine,include,keep,understand,keepon,mind,report,risk,mis s,put off,delay,practise,resist,suggest,depend on,think about,set about,succeed in,worry about,burst out,insist on,feel like,be used
高中英语动词不定式用法大全(名师总结必考语法知识点，值得下载) 英语动词的非谓语形式为三种：动词不定式、动名词和分词。非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化。 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，其结构为“to＋动词原形”，其中to 不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号，称为小品词，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语，在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。 一. 作主语例如： To be a doctor is hard. 做医生很难。 To learn English well is not easy. 学好英语不容易。 To say is to believe.眼见为实。 动词不定式（短语）作主语时，为了避免句子的头重脚轻，可以用“it”作形式主语，而把真正的主语－－动词不定式（短语）放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示为： It is hard to be a doctor. It is not easy to learn English well. 再如： It’s important to pla nt trees in spring. 如果动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可以在动词不定式前面加一个由介
词for引导的短语，称为不定式的复合结构。例： It’s good for us to read English aloud in the morning. 对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有益的。 It is important for students to use English every day. 对学生来说每天使用英语是很重要的。 二. 作表语：（在形式上，位于系动词后的就是表语。从含义上讲，表语是回答主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的语法成分。） 动词不定式（短语）作表语常用于系词be的后面。例： His work is to drive a car. 他的工作是开车。 My job is to feed animals. 我的工作是饲养动物。 Her ambition is to be a doctor. 她的理想是当医生。 三. 作宾语 动词不定式（短语）可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语，能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有：begin, start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask等。例： I want to tell you a story. 我想给你讲个故事。 They begin to work at eight every morning. 他们每天早晨8点开始工作。 Don’t forget to lock the door.别忘了锁门。 Would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow?明天和我们一
高中英语现在分词的用法 1）- ing分词（短语）作主语： 1. 动词-ing 形式作主语表示抽象的或泛指的动作, 谓语动词用单数。如： 1. Talking to him is talking to a wall. 对他说话等于对牛弹琴。 2. Smoking may cause cancer. 吸烟会致癌。 3. Walking is my only exercise. 散步是我唯一的运动。 4. Talking mends no holes. （谚）空谈无济于事。 5. Saying is easier than doing. 说比做容易。 1. 为了保持句子平衡，通常用作形式主语，而把真实主语放在句末。如：It is no use crying over spilt milk. 作无益的后悔是没有用的。 It's a waste of time arguing about it. 辩论这事是浪费时间。 常见的作表语的名词或短语有：no use, no good, fun, hard work, a hard / difficult job, a wonder, a waste of time 等。如： It is worthwhile discussing with her. It 's no good waiting here. Let 's go home. It was a waste of time reading that book. 2. 动词-ing形式的否定形式是在其前面加not。如： Your schoolmate 's not coming home made her parents worried. 2）-ing 分词（短语）作宾语： 1. I suggest ending the meeting. 我建议结束会议。 2. He admitted taking the money. 他承认钱是他拿的 3. I couldn ' t help laughing.
Uinit 10 动名词的用法 动名词是名词化的了动词，它可以有自己的逻辑主语, 从而构成动名词的复合结构。动名词所带的逻辑主语通常是形容词性物主代词、宾格代词、名词所有格或普通格。 1.动名词复合结构的形式 其形式有如下两种： I insist on Mary’s going there. 我坚持要玛丽到那儿去。 I have not heard of your being ill. 我没听说你病了。 1. Usually at the beginning of school, the noise of desks being opened and closed, and lessons repeated at the top of the children’s voices could be heard out in the street. 2. In fact, I think it’s very much nicer without him, if you don’t mind me saying so. ※注意： 在上述例句中，动名词前的逻辑主语与句子主语不同。如果主语相同，则不用逻辑主语，只用动名词。试比较： I must apologize for not letting you know ahead of time. (NMET’94) ※在确定逻辑主语的格的形式时须注意以下几点： 1）动名词复合结构作主语和表语时一般用名词所有格或物主代词。例如： Nixon’s visiting China marked a new era between U.S. and China diplomatic relations. 尼克松访问中国标志着中美外交关系进入一个新的时代。 The main trouble is their not having enough money. 主要问题是他们没有足够的钱。 2）在口语和非正式语体中，只要不是作主语，动名词复合结构中的逻辑主语常采用名词通格或人称代词宾格。例如： The doctor does not mind me /my eating a little meat occasionally.大夫并不反对我偶尔吃一点肉。
高中现在分词用法练 时间：20150529 一 1. (make) full preparations, we are ready for the examination. 我们已经作好了充分准备，现在可以应考了。 (= After we have made full preparations...) 2. (be) ill, he didn't go to school yesterday. 由于生病，他昨天没有上学。 (= Because he was ill...) 3.His father died, (leave) him a lot of money. 他父亲死了，留给他许多钱. (= and left him a lot of money.) 4.He lay on the grass, (stare)at the sky for a long time. 他躺在草地上，长时间地望着天空。 (= ...and stared at the sky for a long time) 5. (work) hard at your lessons, you will succeed. 如果你努力学习，就一定能成功。 (=If you work hard at your lessons.) 6. (know)all this, they made me pay for the damage. 尽管知道了一切情况，他们还是要我赔偿损失。 (= Although they knew all this.)Rewrite the following sentences. 7. When he approached Ms Smith, he touched her shoulder and kissed her. ________________ Ms Smith, he touched her shoulder and kissed her. 8. The person who is translating the songs can speak seven languages. The person _________ ___ ______can speak seven languages. 9. Because he comes from Jordan, he moves close to ask you a question. _______ _____ Jordan, he moves close to ask you a question. 10. She sat at the desk and did her homework. She sat at the desk ______ ____ __________. 11. The picture that hangs on the wall is a world-famous one. The picture _______ on the wall is a world-famous one. 12. Because he di dn’t receive an answer, he decided to write another letter to him. ____ ____________ an answer, he decided to write another letter to him. 13. When he sees the mountain, he always thinks of his hometown. _______ the mountain, he always thinks of his hometown.
动名词（Gerund） 动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式，由动词+ ing构成，否定形式为not doing，兼有动词的特征和名词的功能。 一、动名词保留着动词的特征，有时态和语态的变化。其时态语态形式如 二、动名词相当于名词，在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语和定语 1、作主语 动名词是由动词变化而来，所以，动名词的意义往往是表示某个动作或某件事情。例如： Walking is good exercise. 走路是很好的运动 Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。 Smoking may cause cancer. 吸烟可能导致癌症。 Coming to Hangzhou by train takes about 16 hours. 乘火车到杭州要16个小时。 Swimming develops the muscles. 游泳可以发展肌肉。 注意：动名词作主语时，对于一些比较长的动名词短语，一般采用"It is …"和"There is …"两种句式来表示。例如： It takes me ten minutes to get home from my office.我从办公室回家要花十分钟。 It needs time to make three copies of it.把它复制三份需要时间。 It's nice talking with you. 和你谈话很高兴。 It's no use arguing with him. 跟他争论没用。 It is no good learning without practice.学而不实践是没好处的。 There is no joking about such matters.这种事开不得玩笑。 There is no denying that she is very efficient.她效率高是不容否认的。 2、作定语 动名词作定语的情况并不是很普遍，一般只限于单个的动名词作定语，表示“用于……的”或表示“处于某件事情中的……”含义。例如： swimming pool 游泳池reading material 阅读材料 walking stick 手杖floating needle 浮针 opening speech 开幕词listening aid 助听器 waiting room 候车室working people 劳动人民 3、作表语 动名词作表语的时候，特别要注意：不要与正在进行时混淆。动名词作表语，表达的是“某件事”等。例如： His part-time job is promoting new products for the company. （动名词） 他的业余工作是为那家公司推销新产品。
动词的-ing形式按功能可分为动名词和现在分词。动词的-ing形式何时为动名词，何时为现在分词。首先，我们要从概念上区分。动词的-ing形式在起名词作用时，称为动名词；用作形容词或副词时，称为现在分词。其次，我们要从用法方面区分动词的-ing形式是动名词还是现在分词。 一、动词的-ing形式用作主语时为动名词，现在分词不可以用作主语。 1．动名词用作主语. Reading French is easier than speaking it. 阅读法文比讲法语容易。 Talking to him is talking to a wall. 和他说话等于对牛弹琴。 2．有时it作形式主语，把动名词主语放在句子后面 It’s nice seeing you again. 再次见到你太好了。 It was tiring driving from morning till night. 从早到晚开车很累人。 3. “There is + no”后可以用动名词作主语 There was no knowing what he could do. 他能做什么很难说。There was no arguing with her. 没法和她争论。 二、动词的-ing形式用作宾语时为动名词，现在分词不可以用作宾语。 1．有许多动词可接动名词作宾语 I suggested bringing the meeting to an end. 我建议结束会议。 So you prefer living abroad? 这样说你更愿意住在国外？ 2．有许多带介词的动词固定搭配接动名词作宾语 He has given up playing football. 他现在不踢足球了。Prices keep on increasing. 价格不断上涨。 三、当动词的-ing形式用作状语时为现在分词，动名词不可以用作状语。 现在分词及其短语可以用作状语，表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。其动作可能发生在谓语之前或之后，也可能与谓语动词的动作同时发生。 Climbing to the top of the tower, we saw a magnificent view. 我们爬到塔顶后，看到了一片壮丽的景象。（表时间） Living in the country, we had few social engagements. 我们住在乡下，交际的机会很少。（表原因） Having money, he will buy a bigger car.（表条件） Knowing the secret, she would not tell me about it..（表让步） The child fell, striking his head against the door and cutting it. 那孩子跌倒了，头碰在门上碰破了.（表结果） He stood leaning against the wall. 他靠墙站着.（表方式或伴随情况） 四、动名词与现在分词都可以用作表语，当动词的-ing的作用相当于名词时为动名词。当动词的-ing的作用相当于形容词时，动词的-ing为现在分词。 1．动名词用作表语 Her hobby is painting. 她的爱好是绘画。Her job was tending the sheep. 她的工作是放羊。 2．现在分词用作表语
动名词 定义：动名词是动词的一种非限定形式，兼有动词和名词的特征，它可以带宾语，也能被状语修饰。动名词接宾语或状语构成动名词短语。动名词有时态和语态的变化。 基本形式：由动词原形家词尾-ing构成，与现在分词形式相同。动名词已经名词化了，而现在分词常表示动作或状态。如：a sleeping chair 躺/睡椅（动名词，表用途） a sleeping child 正在睡觉的孩子（现在分词，表状态） 一、动名词的句法功能 动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。 1、作主语 1）直接位于句首做主语。 Reading is an art. 读书是一种艺术。 Climbing mountains is really fun. 爬山真是有趣。 Working in these conditions is not a pleasure but a suffering. 在这种工作条件下工作不是一件愉快的事而是一件痛苦的事。 注意：动名词做主语时，谓语动词为单数 2）用 it 作形式主语，把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语。 It is no use/no good crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收 It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us. 劝说这样的人加入真是浪 费时间。 It was hard getting on the crowded street car. 上这种拥挤的车真难。 It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。 这种用法在习惯句型中常用，常用句型： It is + no use/no good/useless/senseless/fun/enjoyable/tiring/ interesting/foolish/nice/a waste of time/a plessure… + v.ing 注意：important，essential，necessary 等形容词后面不用动名词（常用不定式）。3）用于“There be”结构中。 There is no saying when he'll come.很难说他何时回来。
高中英语动词所有用法汇总 动词原形及不定式的用法 动词原形的用法 1.除单三人称的一般现在时，其它人称作主语，动词用原形。 2.将来时态shall, will, should, would之后用动词原形。 3.祈使句句子开头用动词原形。 4.助动词do, does, did之后用动词原形。 5.情态动词can、could、may, might, have/has to, must, need, dare ,ought to之后用动词原形。 6.使役动词let、make、have 之后用动词原形。 7.感官动词see、watch、notice、hear、feel、find之后用动词原形(说明动作已经结束)。 8.had better 之后用动词原形。 9.why / why not 之后用动词原形。 10.would rather dosth . than do sth . 11.prefer to dosth. rather than do sth./ prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 动名词的用法 1.介词之后动词要用动名词形式（动词+ing） 2.部分动词之后的动词只能用动名词形式：enjoy, finish, practice, mind, spend,dislike, find , keep 3.部分短语后省略了介词in: have fun/ problems/ difficulties/trouble /a good time doing be busy doing, 4.be worth doing, can’t help doing , feel like doing , do some doing sth. 5.下面这些动词既可跟动名词又可跟不定式： like / love / hatedoing (doing表示习惯)(to do表示具体的动作)
e+教育非谓语练习 pictures___ very interesting. A. is B. are C. to be D. be the bad news made him cry. A. Hear B. Heard C. Hearing D. Is hearing a desert had always been a risk adventure. A. Being crossed B. Having crossed C. Crossing D. To have crossed he came , I’d finished _______ the whole book. A. to read B. to have read C. reading D. read 5. I always enjoy ____ to popular music at night. A. to listen B. listening C. that I can listen D. if I can listen are considering ________ a trip around the island. A. take b. to take C. to be taking D. taking hope you don’t mind ____ at your newspaper. A. I look B. my looking C. I looking D. my to look a man’s heart stops ______ , he dies. A. to beat B. beating C. beat D. beaten can’t help _______ he is still alive. A. thinking B. think C. to think D. thought of far as I am concerned , I prefer reading ________ . A. than meat B. for joy C. instead of sleeping D to drinking 11. It goes without _______ that knowledge is important.