元音发音规则表:
1.单元音/i:/ see me be she need read meal eat seat deep keep
开音节中的e/i:/ me be she
ee /i:/ see sleep deep feet need
ea /i:/ read eat meal seat
2.单元音 /i/ in it is fit pin bit kiss sick miss fish rich lid
闭音节中的i /i/ if, his, film(闭音节指以辅音结尾的音节)
闭音节中的y /i/ sympathy, syllable, system, gym
位于词尾的y /i/ city, pity, willingly, possibility
3.单元音 /e/ get let bed pen best rest wet never better best
闭音节中的e /e/ bed, peg, set, tell
ea /e/ dead, heaven, feather
4.单元音/?e/ hat cat rat cap map fat man thank stamp fact
闭音节中的 a / ?e / bad, lad, rat, cab
5.单元音 /a:/ heart arm darn farm cart fast car dark barn pass ar /a:/ arm, ark, lard, dark, car, card, hard, harm
6.单元音 / ? / lot got job shop soft song top hot box pot lock
闭音节中的o / ? / hot, got, not, lost, on, soft
7./ ?:/ tall fall wall Paul Maud walk call yawn thought
or / ?:/ or, sport, bored, horse, more, before
a(+ll或lk) / ?:/ all, fall, talk, walk
aw / ?:/ law, paw, draw, flaw, claw
8.单元音 /u/ cook book look put good full foot would
u /u/ put, full, pull, push, sugar, cushion
oo /u/ good, took, wood, wool, stood, bedroom
ou /u/ could, would, should
9.单元音 /u:/ too soon rule boot fool school soup cool lose new
oo /u:/ fool, booth, room, food
ou /u:/ soup, you, group
o /u:/ do, to, who
10./ ?/ cup bus gun hut sung duck lung luck cut stuck
闭音节中的u /?/ but, hunt, sun, duck, luck
闭音节中的o /?/ son, once, colour, other, money
ou /?/ rough, enough, touch, cousin, young
11.单元音 /?:/ shirt hunt burn girl bird nurse work worm curse
er /?:/ herd, verb, mercy
ir /?:/ thirty, shirt, third, fir
ur /?:/ turn, church, burn, nurse, curse
or /?:/ word, work, world, worse
ear /?:/ heard, earth, search
12.单元音 /?/ ago about asleep above again among mother brother 许多元音在非重读章节中读成/?/,所以/?/的拼写形式多种多样。如:about, sofa, doctor, colour, figure
13.双元音 /ei/ May pay way day same hay great gain pain spade
a /ei/ save, face, pale
ay /ei/ day, pay, may
ai /ei/ wait, fail, strait
ea /ei/ break, great
14.双元音 /?u/ no go so hole hope road home slow load foe soul
o /?u/ go, hello, no, open, over, joking, October
oa /?u/ coat, soap, boat, road, coast
ow /?u/ snow, throw, blow, show, know, window
15.双元音 /ai/ bye lie try eye cry die my five time mine like
开音节中的i /ai/ time, crime, rite, fine
igh /ai/ high, might, night, light, bright
y /ai/ cry, my, sky, fly, July, reply
ie /ai/ eye, dye, bye
16.双元音 /au/ how now cow out mouse down house brown found ou /au/ about, around, found, sound, mouse
ow /au/ down, crowd, town, brown, now, how
17. 双元音 /?i/ boy joy toy voice noise join coin oil soil toil
oi /?i/ oil, boil, join, coin, spoilt, voice, choice, noise
oy /?i/ toy, boy, enjoy, destroy, annoy, loyal, employer
18.双元音 /i?/ ear here fear hear dear pier tear near really idea ear /i?/ ear, dear, hear, clear, beard
ea /i?/ idea, real, theatre
ere /i?/ here, mere, severe
eer /i?/ beer, queer, engineer
19.双元音 /e?/ care wear hair there fair careful various
are /e?/ care, share, fare, hare,careless
air /e?/ air, fair, chair,repair
20.双元音 /u?/ tour sure poor pure cure tourist
ur /u?/ cure, pure, fury
单元音
1. [i:] see [si:], he, she, me, meet 前元音
2. [i] lily […lili], bill, hit, give, sit 前
3. [e] bed [bed], get, let, pet, dead 前
4. [?] map [m?p], mad, dad, hat, rat 前
5. [ɑ:] calm [kɑ:m] dark, heart, mart, garden 后
6. [] hot [ht], lot, not, pot, got 后
7. [:] all [:l] mall, hall, daughter, porter 后
8. [u] book [buk], look, hook, foot, put 后
9. [u:] food [fu:d], good, mood, blue, shoe 后
10. [] cup [kp], luck, nut, but, mug 中
11. [:] bird [b:d], further, fur, learn, purse 中
12. [] sister […sist], heater, peter, litter, meter 中
双元音
13. [ei] day [dei], may, bay, say, play
14. [ai] side [said], like, night, kite, right
15. [ou] [u] go [gou] [gu] flow, grow, low, so
16. [au] now [nau], bow, loud, how, crown
17. [i] boy [bi], annoy, employ, joy, enjoy
18. [i] here [hi], mere, gear, rear, fear
19. [ε] care [kε], bare, fair, chair, air
20. [u] poor [pu], mature, tour, sure, cur
辅音
清辅音
21. [p] p
22. [t] t
23. [k] k
24. [f] f
25. [θ] th
26. [s] s
27. [ts] ts
28. [tr] tr
29. [] sh
30. [t] ch
浊辅音
31. [b] b
32. [d] d
33. [g] g
34. [v] v
35. [e] th
36. [z] z
37. [dz] ds
38. [dr] dr
39. [] si(on)
40. [d] dg,g
其他辅音
41. [h] h
42. [m] m
43. [n] n
44. [l] l
45. [] (on)g, (o)n
46. [r] r
47. [j] y
48. [w] w, wh
元音音标表(20个)
5个元音的字母音 a [ei] e [i:] i [ai] o [?u] u [u:]
5个元音的短元音:
a [?e] bag cat hat map
e [e] pen bed ten hen
I [i] big pig sit hill
o [?] box hot dog frog
u [u] but mum bus mug
12个单元音:
短元音[?e] [e] [i] [?] [?] [u] [?]
长元音 [i:] [?:] [a:] [u:] [?:]
8个双元音:[ei] [ai] [?u] [au] [?i] [i?] [e?] [u?]
那么,什么是连读呢?
在连贯地说话或朗读时,在同一个意群(即短语或从句)中,如果相邻的两个词前者以辅音音素结尾,后者以元音音素开头,就要自然地将辅音和元音相拼,构成一个音节,这就是连读。连读时的音节一般不重读,只需顺其自然地一带而过,不可以加音,也不可以读得太重。如:not at all这个短语。连读时听起来就像是一个单词。注意:连读只发生在句子中的同一个意群中。在两个意群之间即使有两个相邻的辅音和元音出现,也不可连读。如:Please take a look at it.这个句子中take a look at it是同一个意群,那么take与a可连读,look与at可连读,at与it可连读。在There is a book in it.一句中book与in往往不连读,因为book与in分别在两个不同的意群中。
连读中有一个是元音结尾与元音开头这属于加音节情况
如果你注意美国人说话,你会发现,要从你听到的一连串声音里面挑出某个词来近乎是不可能的。因为他们在说话的时候,词汇常常整个地连贯在一起。比如说,本来一个单词一个单词地拼读,我们发现词汇里面没有r的发音,或者没有某个音节的发音,但是在整个句子连贯说出来的时候,这样的现象就产生了,尤其是两个元音相邻的时候。除了r是最常用的连续音节以外,w和j常常用来接两个元音。
例如:area(r)of literature
drama(r)and music
the idea(r)of it
law(r)and order
打不出音标的字体所以用()代表所加的音节
连读的条件:相邻的两词在意义上必须密切相关,同属一个意群。连读所构成的音节一般都不重读,只需顺其自然地一带而过,不可读得太重,也不可音。(连读符号:~)
(1)“辅音+元音”型连读
在同一个意群里,如果相邻两词中的前一个词是以辅音结尾,后一个词是以元音开头,这就要将辅音与元音拼起来连读。
I?m~an~English boy.
It~is~an~old book.
Let me have~a look~at~it.
Ms Black worked in~an~office last~yesterday.
I called~you half~an~hour~ago.
Put~it~on, please.
Not~at~all.
Please pick~it~up.
(2)“r/re+元音”型连读
如果前一个词是以-r或者-re结尾,后一个词是以元音开头,这时的r或re不但要发/r/,而且还要与后面的元音拼起来连读。
They?re my father~and mother.
I looked for~it here~and there.
There~is a football under~it.
There~are some books on the desk.
Here~is a letter for you.
Here~are four~eggs.
But where~is my cup?
Where~are your brother~and sister?
但是,如果一个音节的前后都有字母r,即使后面的词以元音开头,也不能连读。
The black clouds are coming nearer and nearer.(nearer与and不可连读)
(3)“辅音+半元音”型连读
英语语音中的/j/和/w/是半元音,如果前一个词是以辅音结尾,后一个词是以半元音,特别是/j/开头,此时也要连读。
Thank~you.
Nice to meet~you.
Did~you get there late~again?
Would~you like~a cup~of tea?
Could~you help me, please?
“音的同化”
—常把/d/+/j/读成/dV/,did you听上成了/dIdVu/,would you成了/wudVu/,could you成了/kudVu/。
(4)“元音+元音”型连读如果前一个词以元音结尾,后一个词以元音开头,这两个音往往也要自然而不间断地连读到一起。
I~am Chinese.
He~is very friendly to me.
She wants to study~English.
How~and why did you come here?
She can?t carry~it.
It?ll take you three~hours to walk there.
The question is too~easy for him to answer.
(5)当短语或从句之间按意群进行停顿时,意群与意群之间即使有两个相邻的辅音与元音出现,也不可连读。
Is~it a~hat or a cat?(hat与or之间不可以连读)
There~is~a good book in my desk. (book与in之间不可以连读)
Can you speak~English or French? (English与or之间不可以连读)
Shall we meet at~eight or ten tomorrow morning? (meet与 at,eight与or之间不可以连读)
She opened the door and walked~in. (door与and之间不可以连读)
爆破音是指发音器官在口腔中形成阻碍,然后气流冲破阻碍而发出的音。这些音有6个,即/p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/和/g/。但在某些情况下,发爆破音时,气流不必冲破阻碍,而只是发音器官在口腔中形成阻碍,并稍做停顿,(也就是说,做好要发出这个爆破音的准备,但不要发出音来),这样的发音过程叫作"不完全爆破"。
6个爆破音有3对/p/,/b/,/t/,/d/,/k/,/g/
失去爆破,又叫不完全爆破,就是在某些情况下,只须做出发音的准备,但并不发音,稍稍停顿后就发后面的音。
(1)“爆破音+爆破音”型
6个爆破音【t、d、k、g、p、b】中的任意2个相临时,前一个爆破音会失去爆破,即由相关的发音器官做好这个发音的姿势,稍做停顿后即发后面的爆破音。
The girl in the re(d) coat was on a bla(ck) bike jus(t) now.
The bi(g) bus from the fa(c) tory is full of people.
Wha(t) time does he get up every morning?
This is an ol(d) pi(c)ture of a bi(g) car.
The ol(d) do(c)tor has a ca(t), too.
We?re going to work on a farm nex(t) Tuesday.
What would you like, ho(t) tea or bla(ck) coffee?
It?s a very col(d) day, but it?s a goo(d) day.
You can put i(t) down in the bi(g) garden.
I bought a chea(p) book, but it?s a goo(d) book.
(2)“爆破音+摩擦音”型如果前面是爆破音,其后紧跟着某些摩擦音(如/f/,/s/,/W/,/T/等),那么前面那个爆破音仅有十分轻微的爆破,而后面那个摩擦音则要完全爆破。
6个爆破音有3对/p/,/b/,/t/,/d/,/k/,/g/失去爆破,又叫不完全爆破,就是在某些情况下,只须做出发音的准备,但并不发音,稍稍停顿后就发后面的音。
(1)“爆破音+爆破音”型6个爆破音中的任意2个相临时,前一个爆破音会失去爆破,即由相关的发音器官做好这个发音的姿势,稍做停顿后即发后面的爆破音。
The girl in the re(d) coat was on a bla(ck) bike jus(t) now.
The bi(g) bus from the fa(c) tory is full of people.
Wha(t) time does he get up every morning?
This is an ol(d) pi(c)ture of a bi(g) car.
The ol(d) do(c)tor has a ca(t), too.
We?re going to work on a farm nex(t) Tuesday.
What would you like, ho(t) tea or bla(ck) coffee?
It?s a very col(d)day, but it?s a goo(d) day.
You can put i(t) down in the bi(g) garden.
I bought a chea(p) book, but it?s a goo(d) book.
(2)“爆破音+摩擦音”型如果前面是爆破音,其后紧跟着某些摩擦音(如/f/,/s/,/W/,/T/等),那么前面那个爆破音仅有十分轻微的爆破,而后面那个摩擦音则要完全爆破。
Goo(d) morning, Mr. Bell.
Goo(d) morning, dear.
Uncle Li?s fa(c)tory is qui(te) near to the cinema.
I wen(t) there alone a(t) nine las(t) night.
-Do you know his bi(ke) number? -Sorry, I don?(t) know.
The forty-firs(t) lesson is qui(te) difficult.
Goo(d) luck, Lin Tao.
爆破音+m/n,爆破音也会失爆!
/p/, /t/, /k/开头的音节发 /b/, /d/, /g/
在背诵新东方80篇,总结出来的一点东西:
1. 音标中无重读音节的,要轻轻的读,不要读出有高低调的声音!不要老爱把音节读成渐高调,感觉有点歇斯底里,很难听的!
2. 重音且长音要尽量拖长,发音要饱满,但是[i:]除外,这个音节只需轻轻带过!
ee、啊:、呃:读起来让人听着这个音节很明显。
3. 短音的i有时候不发音,只起到一个连接的作用;
英语连读的规则
连读的条件:相邻的两词在意义上必须密切相关,同属一个意群。连读所构成的音节一般都不重读,只需顺其自然地一带而过,不可读得太重,也不可音。(连读符号:~)
(1)“辅音+元音”型连读在同一个意群里,如果相邻两词中的前一个词是以辅音结尾,后一个词是以元音开头,这就要将辅音与元音拼起来连读。
I?m~an~English boy.
It~is~an~old book.
Let me have~a look~at~it.
Ms Black worked in~an~office last~yesterday.
I called~you half~an~hour~ago.
Put~it~on, please. Not~at~all.
Please pick~it~up.
(2)“r/re+元音”型连读如果前一个词是以-r或者-re结尾,后一个词是以元音开头,这时的r或re不但要发/r/,而且还要与后面的元音拼起来连读。
They?re my father~and mother.
I looked for~it here~and there.
There~is a football under~it.
There~are some books on the desk.
Here~is a letter for you.
Here~are four~eggs.
But where~is my cup?
Where~are your brother~and sister?
但是,如果一个音节的前后都有字母r,即使后面的词以元音开头,也不能连读。
The black clouds are coming nearer and nearer.(nearer与and不可连读)
(3)“辅音+半元音”型连读英语语音中的/j/和/w/是半元音,如果前一个词是以辅音结尾,后一个词是以半元音,特别是/j/开头,此时也要连读。
Thank~you.
Nice to meet~you.
Did~you get there late~again?
Would~you like~a cup~of tea?
Could~you help me, please? “音的同化” —常把/d/+/j/读成/dV/,did you听上成了/dIdVu/,would you成了/wudVu/,could you成了/kudVu/。
(4)“元音+元音”型连读如果前一个词以元音结尾,后一个词以元音开头,这两个音往往也要自然而不间断地连读到一起。
I~am Chinese.
He~is very friendly to me.
She wants to study~English.
How~and why did you come here?
She can?t carry~it.
It?ll take you three~hours to walk there.
The question is too~easy for him to answer.
(5)当短语或从句之间按意群进行停顿时,意群与意群之间即使有两个相邻的辅音与元音出现,也不可连读。
Is~it a~hat or a cat?(hat与or之间不可以连读)
There~is~a good book in my desk. (book与in之间不可以连读)
Can you speak~English or French? (English与or之间不可以连读)
Shall we meet at~eight or ten tomorrow morning? (meet与 at,eight与or之间不可以连读)
She opened the door and walked~in. (door与and之间不可以连读)
失去爆破6个爆破音有3对/p/,/b/,/t/,/d/,/k/,/g/ 失去爆破,又叫不完全爆破,就是在某些情况下,只须做出发音的准备,但并不发音,稍稍停顿后就发后面的音。
(1)“爆破音+爆破音”型 6个爆破音中的任意2个相临时,前一个爆破音会失去爆破,即由相关的发音器官做好这个发音的姿势,稍做停顿后即发后面的爆破音。
The girl in the re(d) coat was on a bla(ck) bike jus(t) now.
The bi(g) bus from the fa(c) tory is full of people.
Wha(t) time does he get up every morning?
This is an ol(d) pi(c)ture of a bi(g) car.
The ol(d) do(c)tor has a ca(t), too.
We?re going to work on a farm nex(t) Tuesday.
What would you like, ho(t) tea or bla(ck) coffee?
It?s a very col(d) day, but it?s a goo(d) day.
You can put i(t) down in the bi(g) garden.
I bought a chea(p) book, but it?s a goo(d) book.
(2)“爆破音+摩擦音”型如果前面是爆破音,其后紧跟着某些摩擦音(如/f/,/s/,/W/,/T/等),那么前面那个爆破音仅有十分轻微的爆破,而后面那个摩擦音则要完全爆破。
Goo(d) morning, Mr. Bell.
Goo(d) morning, dear.
Uncle Li?s fa(c)tory is qui(te) near to the cinema.
I wen(t) there alone a(t) nine las(t) night.
-Do you know his bi(ke) number?
-Sorry, I don?(t) know.
The forty-firs(t) lesson is qui(te) difficult.
Goo(d) luck, Lin Tao.
ai,ay,a+e 发长元音/ei/
ee,ea发长元音/i:/
i+e,igh发长元音/ai/
o+e,oo,发长元音/ou/
u+e,ui,发长元音/u:/
th/ch/sh/wh发不同的音.(我打不出来)
y有时发/ai/,有时发/i/
bl/sl/fl/st/fr/br/pr/str/st也发不同的音.
一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音
元音字母读音例词
a 在开音节中[ei] name plane Jane baby cake
在闭音节中[?] bag dad hat map black back
e 在开音节中[i:] he these me Chinese
在闭音节中[e] bed let pen desk yes egg
i 在开音节中[ai] bike fly drive time nice kite
在闭音节中fish big drink sit milk swim
o 在开音节中[?u] those close go hoe home no
在闭音节中[C] clock not box shop sock
u 在开音节中[ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday
在闭音节中[∧] bus cup jump much lunch
在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音,例如:June blue ruler super
二、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音
元音字母读音例词
a在[w]音后面[C] want what watch wash quality
a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前[α:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father
i在-nd -ld和gh前[ai] find child light high
o在-st -ld前[ou] most postcard old cold
o在m n v th前[∧] come monkey love mother
三、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音
元音字母读音例词
a [E]E China another woman breakfast
orange comrade village cabbage
e [E] hundred student open weekend
chicken pocket begin children
i [E]/ holiday beautiful family animal
[ai] exercise satellite
o [E] second tonight somebody welcome
[Eu] also zero photo
u [E] autumn difficult
[ju:] popular congratulation January
动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读[ei]音,例如:operate
u处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母j l r s后面时,读[u( ]音,例如:July influence February issue
在非重读音节中,许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作[E]音,也可以读作音。
四、-r音节元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音
元音字母组合读音例词
arar在[w]音后面[α:] car farm dark sharpener
[C:] warm quarter towards
oror在[w]音后面[C:] forty morning short
[E:] word worker worse
er ir ur [E:] certainly bird Thursday
辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如:carry sorry hurry
-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[E]音,例如:dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday
五、-re音节元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音
元音字母组合读音例词
are [εE] care dare hare
ere [iE] here mere
ire [aiE] fire hire wire
ore [C:] more score before
ure [juE] pure cure
are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读[E]音,例如:picture pleasure
重读元音字母加Rr,再加非重读元字组时,重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读,字母Rr读[r]音。例如:parent zero story during inspiring
某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如:orange very American paragraph
六、元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音
元音字母组合读音例词
ai/ay [ei] afraid rain wait day play
air [εE] air hair chair pair repair
alal在f m前[C] small ball talk wall all
[C:l] always also salt almost
[α:] half calm
au/aw [C:] autumn daughter draw
ea [i:] teach easy cheap please
[e] heavy bread sweater weather
[ei] break great
ear [iE] hear dear near clear year
[εE] bear pear wear swear
[E:] earth learn early
ee [i:] jeep week green three
eer [iE] pioneer deer beer
ei/ey [ei] eight neighbour they
[i:] either key
eu/ew在j l r s后[ju:] new few newspaper
[u:] flew brew jewelry
ie/ei[s]音之后[i:] piece field receive
oa [ou] coat Joan boat goal
oar/oor [C:] roar board door floor
oi/oy [Ci] noise point boy toilet
oo [u:] broom food tooth school
book look cook foot good
ou/ow [au] flower house count down
[ou] know row throw though
[∧] young country enough
[u:] group you soup
our [C:] course your four
[auE] our hour ours
[E:] journey
ui在j l r s后[ju:i] fluid suicide tuition
[u:] juice fruit suit
七、非重读音节中元音字母组合和字群的读音
元音字母组合或字群读音例词
ai/ay ei/ey Sunday foreign monkey
ow [ou] yellow sparrow tomorrow
元音字组在非重读音节中读[E]音或。例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee
-sion -tion [Fn] impression nation
-sion在元音字母后[Vn] vision decision occasion
-tion在s后[tFEn] question suggestion
-sten [sn] listen
-stle [sl] whistle
-sure [VE] pleasure measure
-ture [tFE] picture culture
八、元音字母组合在复合词非重读音节中的读音
复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母或元音字母组合仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。例如:everyday[ei] handbag[?] blackboard[C:]
有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义,融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。例如:sun太阳+ day[ei]日子>Sunday 星期天holy神圣+ day[ei]日子>holiday 假日break中断+ fast[α:]斋戒>breakfast[E] 早餐cup茶杯+ board木板[C:] >cupboard[E] 碗柜
九、辅音字母组合的读音
辅音字母组合读音例词
b bike bus bag
[/] bomb tomb
cc在e前或在i/y前[k] cake picture coat music
[s] face decide cinema
ch [tF] much chick rich teacher
[k] school headache chemistry
[F] machine
-ck [k] cock pocket black knock
d [d] doctor bread hand day
-dge [dV] bridge fridge
dr- [dr] children driver drink
f [f] five four breakfast
gg在e i/y前[^] bag garden go
[dV] orange large German
gh [f] cough enough
[/] light daughter high
gu- -guegu在非重读音节中[^] guess league dialogue
[^w] language anguish
h [h] hot head house hand
[/] hour honest
j [dV] jeep jar joke join July
k [k] kind bike skate make week
kn- [n] knife know knock
l [l] life milk school tall
m [m] monkey come autumn
-mn [m] autumn column solemn
nn在[k] [g]音前[n] not shine ten note
[N] uncle thank hungry
-ng [N] morning young wrong
p [p] paper plane pig ship pen
ph [f] elephant photo telephone
q [k] Iraq
qu- [kw] quality quite
r [r] red rubber ruler
s在词首或清辅音前元音字母间或浊辅音前[s] sit sleep desk [z] music husband
sc- [sk] scarlet
[s] muscle science
sh [F] she fish shirt wash
t在通常情况下在弱读字母ia ie io前[t] ten letter meet
[F] patient nation
tch [tF] watch
th在通常情况下在冠词代词介词连词中在词尾-the -ther中[θ] thin thirty method [T] the these with than
[T] clothe fathe r weather
tr- [tr] tree train country truck
v [v] very voice love leave
w [w] week win wake sweet wait
[/] Answer two
wh-wh-在字母o前[w] what when white why
[h] who whose whole
x在重读元音前[ks] box text exercise
[gz] example exist exact
wr- [r] write
y- [j] yes yard yellow young
z [z] puzzle zero zoo
第二章五个元音字母的两种发音规则 一、五个元音字母Aa、Ee、Ii、Oo、Uu有两种发音: A says [ei] & [?] ; E says [i:] & [е]; I says [ai] & [i]; O says [?u] & [?]; U says [ju:] & [Λ] 总结归纳:五个元音字母有两种发音,一种是长音:即字母本身的读音;一种是短音,通过下列口诀记忆(五个元音字母发短音的记忆口诀): Aa for apple [?] [?] [?]; Ee for egg [е][е][е]; Ii for is [i] [i] [i]; Oo for orange [?] [?] [?]; Uu for up [Λ][Λ][Λ]. 二、五个元音字母的发音规律: 1)以“一个元音字母+一个辅音字母+e”结尾的词简称为“元辅e”结构。以”一个或几个辅音字母+一个发音的元音字母“结构的单词简称”辅元“结构。“元辅e和辅元结构中,元音字母都读长音(即字母名称音),这两种结构叫做重读开音节。 2)以“一个元音字母+一个或两个辅音字母”结尾的词简称
为“元辅或元辅辅”结构,元音字母读短音,这种结构的词叫做重读闭音节。 3)五个元音字母在开音节单词中读第一种读音:即字母本身的读音;五个元音字母在闭音节的单词中读第二种读音:即口诀里面的读音。 总结归纳:五个元音字母在开音节单词中读长音,即字母本身的读音;五个元音字母在闭音节单词中读短音,即口诀里面的读音。简称为:“开长闭短”。 三、元音音素发音练习 1.写出下列单词所含元音字母音标并拼读 dad /d__d/ hat /h__t/ bag /b__g/ kate /k__t/ same /s_ _m/ plane /pl__n/ bed /b__d/ spell /sp__l/ egg /e__g/ Pete /p__t/ he /h__/ pig /p__g/ hit /h__t/ sick /s__k/ kite /k__t/ like /l__/ write /r__t/ box /b__ks/ boss /b__s/ not /n__t/ go /g__/ old / __ld/ note /n__t/ nut /n__t/ must /m__st/ sun /s__n/ cute /k__t/ use /__z/ excuse /__k'k__z/ 2.写出下列单词的音标并读出来 am__ thanks __ Jack __ Dale __
元音发音规则表: 1.单元音/i:/ see me be she need read meal eat seat deep keep 开音节中的e/i:/ me be she ee /i:/ see sleep deep feet need ea /i:/ read eat meal seat 2.单元音 /i/ in it is fit pin bit kiss sick miss fish rich lid 闭音节中的i /i/ if, his, film(闭音节指以辅音结尾的音节) 闭音节中的y /i/ sympathy, syllable, system, gym 位于词尾的y /i/ city, pity, willingly, possibility 3.单元音 /e/ get let bed pen best rest wet never better best 闭音节中的e /e/ bed, peg, set, tell ea /e/ dead, heaven, feather 4.单元音/?e/ hat cat rat cap map fat man thank stamp fact 闭音节中的 a / ?e / bad, lad, rat, cab 5.单元音 /a:/ heart arm darn farm cart fast car dark barn pass ar /a:/ arm, ark, lard, dark, car, card, hard, harm 6.单元音 / ? / lot got job shop soft song top hot box pot lock 闭音节中的o / ? / hot, got, not, lost, on, soft 7./ ?:/ tall fall wall Paul Maud walk call yawn thought or / ?:/ or, sport, bored, horse, more, before a(+ll或lk) / ?:/ all, fall, talk, walk aw / ?:/ law, paw, draw, flaw, claw 8.单元音 /u/ cook book look put good full foot would u /u/ put, full, pull, push, sugar, cushion oo /u/ good, took, wood, wool, stood, bedroom ou /u/ could, would, should 9.单元音 /u:/ too soon rule boot fool school soup cool lose new oo /u:/ fool, booth, room, food ou /u:/ soup, you, group o /u:/ do, to, who 10./ ?/ cup bus gun hut sung duck lung luck cut stuck 闭音节中的u /?/ but, hunt, sun, duck, luck 闭音节中的o /?/ son, once, colour, other, money ou /?/ rough, enough, touch, cousin, young 11.单元音 /?:/ shirt hunt burn girl bird nurse work worm curse er /?:/ herd, verb, mercy ir /?:/ thirty, shirt, third, fir ur /?:/ turn, church, burn, nurse, curse or /?:/ word, work, world, worse ear /?:/ heard, earth, search 12.单元音 /?/ ago about asleep above again among mother brother 许多元音在非重读章节中读成/?/,所以/?/的拼写形式多种多样。如:about, sofa, doctor, colour, figure 13.双元音 /ei/ May pay way day same hay great gain pain spade a /ei/ save, face, pale ay /ei/ day, pay, may ai /ei/ wait, fail, strait ea /ei/ break, great 14.双元音 /?u/ no go so hole hope road home slow load foe soul
ai,ay,a+e 发长元音/ei/ ee,ea发长元音/i:/ i+e,igh发长元音/ai/ o+e,oo,发长元音/ou/ u+e,ui,发长元音/u:/ th/ch/sh/wh发不同的音.(我打不出来) y有时发/ai/,有时发/i/ bl/sl/fl/st/fr/br/pr/str/st也发不同的音. 一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音 元音字母读音例词 a 在开音节中[ei] name plane Jane baby cake 在闭音节中[?] bag dad hat map black back e 在开音节中[i:] he these me Chinese 在闭音节中[e] bed let pen desk yes egg i 在开音节中[ai] bike fly drive time nice kite 在闭音节中fish big drink sit milk swim o 在开音节中[?u] those close go hoe home no 在闭音节中[C] clock not box shop sock u 在开音节中[ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday 在闭音节中[∧] bus cup jump much lunch 在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音,例如:June blue ruler super 二、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音 元音字母读音例词 a在[w]音后面[C] want what watch wash quality a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前[α:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father i在-nd -ld和gh前[ai] find child light high o在-st -ld前[ou] most postcard old cold
元音组合发音规则 Company number:【WTUT-WT88Y-W8BBGB-BWYTT-19998】
元音组合发音规则 元音组合发音规则
辅音组合发音 元音音标表(20个) 5个元音的字母音 a [ei] e [i:] i [ai] o [u] u [u:] 5个元音的短元音: a [e] bag cat hat map e [e] pen bed ten hen I [i] big pig sit hill o [] box hot dog frog u [u] but mum bus mug 12个单元音:
短元音[e] [e] [i] [] [] [u] []? 长元音 [i:] [:] [a:] [u:] [:]? 8个双元音:[ei] [ai] [u] [au] [i] [i] [e] [u] 元音发音规则表: 1.单元音/i:/ see me be she need read meal eat seat deep keep 开音节中的e/i:/ me be she ee /i:/ see sleep deep feet need ea /i:/ read eat meal seat 2.单元音 /i/ in it is fit pin bit kiss sick miss fish rich lid 闭音节中的i /i/ if, his, film(闭音节指以辅音结尾的音节) 闭音节中的y /i/ sympathy, syllable, system, gym 位于词尾的y /i/ city, pity, willingly, possibility 3.单元音 /e/ get let bed pen best rest wet never better best 闭音节中的e /e/ bed, peg, set, tell ea /e/ dead, heaven, feather 4.单元音/e/ hat cat rat cap map fat man thank stamp fact 闭音节中的 a / e / bad, lad, rat, cab 5.单元音 /a:/ heart arm darn farm cart fast car dark barn pass ar /a:/ arm, ark, lard, dark, car, card, hard, harm 6.单元音 / / lot got job shop soft song top hot box pot lock 闭音节中的o / / hot, got, not, lost, on, soft 7./ :/ tall fall wall Paul Maud walk call yawn thought
在开音节中读在闭音节中读 late bad thank a前面是辅音/w/时读作 want wash what quality a的后面是ss,st,sp,sk,th,f,n时, 在英音中读/a:/ class fast grasp ask bath staff dance plant command
在闭音节中读 在开音节中读 tie sit bit 词尾是-nd和-ld时,i可读作: kind find mind child 在开音节中读在闭音节中读 no hot drop 词尾是-st和-ld时,o有时候读作 most post cold bold *both comb o的后面是m,n,v,th时,o可读作 son love
在闭音节中读或/u/ sun 元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音 al au/augh aw ball cause daughter law 有时al可以读作/l/: salt false also al的后面是f或m时,可以读作:half calm palm 但是:laugh ai/ay air/are wait air fare
review ear eer hear deer engineer 在辅音字母后面时读ear有时读 bear wear pear ear后面有辅音时读learn pearl early 但是:heart year o读作 oa ow oi/oy oul/u/ coat slow voice could
oor/oar/ough our // four door *through ou owe/ower // i+其他字母 ig/igh ia/ie/io // sign dialogue
三元音发音规则 导读:普通话里的三合元音都是中响复合元音,共4个:iao、iou、uai、uei。这些韵母发音的共同点是舌位由高向低滑动,再从低向高滑动。开头的元音音素不响亮较短促,在音节里特别是在零声母音节里常伴有轻微的摩擦。中间的元音音素响亮清晰。收尾的元音音素轻短模糊。iao[iau] 由于高元音i开始,舌位降至后低元音a[a]。然后再向后高圆唇元音的u方向滑升。发音过程中,舌位先降后升,由前到后,曲折幅度大。唇形从中间的元音a开始由不圆唇变为圆唇。 发音例词: 吊销diaoxiao疗效liaoxiao巧妙qiaomiao 调料tiaoliao消遥xiaoyao苗条miaotiao iou[iu] 由前高元音开始,舌位降至央(略后)元音[](或[])然后再向后高圆唇元音的方向滑升。发音过程中,舌位先降后升,由前到后,曲折幅度较大。央(略后)元音[]时,逐渐圆唇。 复合元音有阴平(第一声)和阳平(第二声)的音节里,中间的元音(韵腹)弱化,甚至接近消失,舌位动程主要表现为前后的滑动,成为[]。如优[iu]、由[iu]、究[jiu]、求[qiu]。这是汉语拼音省写的依据。这种音变是随着声调自然变化的,在语音训练中必须强调。 发音例词: jiuliu久留qiujiu求救xiuqiu绣球
youxiu优秀youjiu悠久niuyou牛油 uai[uai] 由圆唇的后高元音u开始,舌位向前滑降到前低不圆唇元音a(即“前a”),然后再向前高不圆唇元音的方向滑升。舌位动程先降后升,由后到前,曲折幅度大。唇形从最圆开始,逐渐减弱圆唇度,发前元音a以后渐变为不圆唇。 发音例词: 外快waikuai怀揣huaichuai乖乖guaiguai uei[uei] 由后高圆唇元音u开始,舌位向前向下滑到前半高不圆唇元音偏后靠下的位置(相当于夹元音[]偏前的位置),然后再向前高不圆唇元音i的方向滑升。发音过程中,舌位先降后升,由后到前,由折幅度较大。唇形从最圆开始,随着舌位的前移圆唇度减弱,发以后变为不圆唇。 在音节中,韵母受声母和声调的影响,中间的元音弱化。大致有四种情况: 1)在阴平(第一声)或阳平(第二声)的零声母音节里,韵母uei中间的元音音素弱化接近消失。例如:“微”“围”的韵母弱化为[ui]。 2)在声母为舌尖音z、c、s、d、t、zh、ch、sh的阴平(第一声)和阳平(第二声)的音节里,韵母uei中间的元音音素弱化接近消失。例如:“催”“推”“垂”的韵母弱化为[ui]。
英语元音辅音发音规则表辅字组的读音 辅字组读音例词 b [b] b ag b ike b us b lue c [k] c ake c ard [s] fa c e de c ide c inema d [d] d esk d a d d ay f [f] f ine f ive f ace o ff g [] oran ge a ge [g] g ood ba g g o [] tha n k h [h] h ello hat hot hand j [] j acket job June k [k] k ey like bike l [l] he ll o like lake app l e full bottle m [m] m orning name me n [n] n o n ice in p [p] ma p p en apple r [r] F r ank r ed s [s] s pell thanks six [z] plea s e i s no s e t [t] i t what white ten v [v] e v ening vest very w [w] wh at w e w ell x [ks] bo x si x y [j] y ou y ellow y es z [z] z oo z ero sh [] Engli sh sh e sh ip ch []Ch ina ch ess ch air th [θ]th ank th ree []th is th at th ey ck [k]bla ck chi ck ph [f] ph one ph oto wh [w] wh at wh ite [h] wh o wh ose tr [tr] tr ee dr [dr] dr ess ts [ts] wha t’s i t’s ca ts ds [dz] be ds han ds car ds qu [kw]qu ite qu iet
英语中元音A的发音规则。 A/a的发音比较复杂,归纳起来有9种情况: (1)在重读开音节中读[ei]。例如: plane [plein] radio [’reidi?u] wake [ weik] paper [’peip?] 但要记住一个例外:have读做[h?v]而不是[heiv]。 (2)在-ange组合中读[ei]。例如: change [t?eind?] Strange [streind?] arrange [?'reind?] (3)在重读音节前的闭音节中一般读[?]。例如: activity [?k’tiviti] transcription [tr?n'skrip??n] 有时也读做[?],例如: accept [?k'sept] Atlantic [?t’l?ntik] (4)在非重读音节中读做[?]。例如: substance['s?bst?ns] breakfast['brekf?st] woman['wum?n] (5)在“a-I-辅音字母(除r、w之外)+不发音的e”的非重读音节中一般读做[i]。例如 comrade ['k?mrid] courage ['k?rid?] 但是,“-ate”中的a不论重读还是非重读都读[ei],例如: calculate [’k?lkjuleit] late [1eit] hesitate [’heziteit] 这里有两个例外,一是separate的形容词形式,读做['sep?reit,],另外一个是climate,读做[’klaimit]。
(6)在wh后面读[?]。例如: what [hw?t] whatever [hw?t'ev?] whale是例外,这个单词按照重读开音节读做[weil]。 (7)在W后面读[?:]例如: water['w?:t?] watch[w?t?] wander['w?nd?] wave和wake是例外,要按照重读开音节分别读做[weiv]和[weik]。 (8)在l前面读[?:]。例如: chalk[t??:k] tall[t?:l] always['?:lweiz] talk[t?:k] 但是,shall[??l] valley[’v?li] shallow['??l?u]中读做[?],wallet读做['w?lit]。 (9)下列情况下,a发[a:]的音: ①在s之前,例如: class [kla:s] grass [gra:s] fast [fa:st] basket [’ba:skit] 例外有两个,haste [heist]和taste [teist],另外passage按照重读闭音节规则读音,读做[’p?si d?]。 ②在“m/n+辅音字母”之前,例如: advance [?d'vɑ:ns] France [fra:ns] dance [da:ns] 例外的是grand [gr?nd] ③在th之前,例如: path[pa:θ]rather['rɑ:e?]
元音字母与常见元音字母组合的读音 一.与元音字母A相关的几种常见发音 (一)字母A的发音 1.* 在开音节中发[ei],发字母音,后面有不发音的e,即a_e结构face脸;grade年级;cake蛋糕;lake湖;make制造;take拿到;game游戏;case情况;snake蛇;name名字;plane飞机;date日期;plate盘子;age年龄 2.* 在闭音节中重读时发[?] dad爸爸; sad悲伤的;bag书包;lamp灯;can能;fan电风 man男人;and和;hand手;thank感谢;map地图;cat猫; fat肥胖的;that那个;hat帽子;rabbit兔子;family家庭 bank 银行 3.在闭音节非重读时发[?] away离开;asleep睡着的;sofa 沙发;another另一个;breakfast早餐about关于;around在附近 4.在ss, st, sk, sp, th, f前面时发[a:] Class课堂;fast快;ask问;grasp 抓住;father父亲;after 在...之后 5.在w或wh后面发[?] want 想要;water 水;watch 手表;what想要 6.发[e] any任何;many许多;
(二)与字母A相关的组合 1. ar组合:[a:] car小汽车;far远的;star星星;start开始;card卡片;scarf围巾;marker水彩笔;market市场;department store百货商店;art艺术park公园;apartment building公寓;hard努力地,硬的;arm胳臂;farm农场; 2. ai组合:[ei] rainy下雨的;train火车;wait等;waiter男服务员;waitress女服务员;tail尾巴; 3. ay组合:[ei] day天,日;today今天;play玩;may可以;May五月;say说;way 道路,方法;stay逗留 4. al组合:[?:] talk说话;walk走;chalk粉笔; 5. all组合:[?:l] all所有的; ball球;small小的;tall高的;wall墙; mall大厅;call称呼,打电话;fall秋天,跌落 6.air组合:[e?] air空气;hair头发;chair椅子stairs楼梯 7. aw组合:[?:] paws爪子draw画 二.与元音字母E相关的几种常见发音 (一)字母E的发音 1.* 在开音节中:发字母音[i:] be是;he他;she她;me我;we我们;these这些;Chinese汉语; 2. * e在重读闭音节中发[e] bed 床;red红色的;leg腿;spell拼写;hen母鸡;then那么;when什么时候;pen钢笔;ten十;dress女裙;let让;
初中英语英标读音规律(一) 20个元音读音规律 英语国际音标表中六个长元音。 1、[i:] 字母组合: ee ea e three tree green sheep meet beef see seek eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean please he she me 2、[ ? ] 发音字母a bag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man 3、[?:] 字母组合ir ur ear er or girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday learn earn earth heard term her serve word work world 4、[a:] 字母组合ar a car farm card arm garden fast class last glass plant aunt 5、[?: ]字母组合al or au augh our ar oor small wall talk tall hall ball call walk short more horse for forty sport door floor store caught autumn caught daughter taught (注意laugh/a:f/)four bought warm quarter door floor 6、[u:] 字母组合oo o u food moon room goose tooth school shoe do two true truth blue June 练一练 /mi:t/ v.____________ /f?:st/ adj._______________ /kla:s/ n.______________ /`stju:dnt/ n._________________ /m?t?/ v._____________ /t u: / adv.____________/t u: / num.______ /pr? ktis/ v____________ /﹑f ?: ` t i: n/ num.____________ 国际音标6个短元音。 1、[ I ]发音字母i y e a ay
元音字母组合的发音 元音字母可以相互结合构成字母组合,如ai;元音字母也可以和辅音字母结合构成元音字母辅音字母组合,如aw;此外元音字母还可以和辅音字母r构成——r音节和re音节,如ar、are等。元音字母组合在重读音节和非重读音节中的读音不同,有一定规律。 字母A的字母组合的读音规则 1、a在重读音节中的读音规则 (1)a在重读音节中,读[ei] (2)a在闭音节中,读[?] (3)在“[w]+a”中,a读[?] (4)在“a+ss\st\sp\sk\th\f\n”时,a读作[a:] (5)在"a+nge"中,a读[ei] 2、a字母组合在重读音节中的读音规则 (1)在一般情况下,“ar”在单词中发[a:]音 (2)在“w + ar”的情况下,ar读作[?:] (3)“ai”,“ay”在单词中一般读作[ei] (4)“al”在某些情况读作[?:l] 字母E的字母组合的读音规则 1、e在重读音节中的读音规则 (1)e在开音节中一般读作[i:] (2)e在闭音节中读作[e] 2、e字母组合在重读音节中的读音规则 (1)“er”在单词中一般读作[?:] (2)“ear”,“ere”在单词一般读作[i?]或[ε?] (3)“ea”在单词中一般有三种发音:[i:],[ei]或[e] (4)“ee”在单词中一般读作[i:] (5)后缀“-er”一般读作[?],后缀“-est”一般读作[ist] (6)“ew”一般读作[ju:] 字母i的字母组合的读音规则 1、i在重读单节中的读音规则 (1)i在重读开音节中一般读作[ai] (2)i在闭音节中一般读作[i:] (3)在“i + nd \ ld \ gh \ ght”中,i读作[ai] 2、i字母组合在重读音节中的读音规则 (1)“ia”,“ie”,“io”在单词中常读作[ai?] (2)“ir”在单词中一般读作[?:] 字母o的字母组合的读音规则 1、字母O在重读音节中的读音规则 (1)O在开音节中一般读作[?u] (2)O在闭音节中一般读作[?] (3)在“O + st \ ld”中,O常读作[?u] (4)在“O + m \ n \ v \ th”中,O常读作[?] 2、O字母组合在重读音节中的读音规则 (1)“oa”在单词中一般读作[?u] (2)“OO”在单词中一般有两种发音:[u:]或[u],特别是在“OO+k”或含room的合成词中一般读作[u] (3)“oi”,“oy”在单词中常读作[?i] (4)“or”在[w]后一般读作[?:],此外,也有读作[?:] (5)“ou”在单词中一般读作[au],[u:]或[?] (6)“ow”在单词中一般读作[?u]或[au] 字母i的字母组合的读音规则 1、u在重读闭音节中的读音规则 (1)u在开音节中一般读作[ju:]或[u:]
英语国际音标表(48个)
音节 音节的定义以元音为主体构成的发音单位,一般说来元音发音响亮,可以构成音节,辅音发音不响亮,不能单独构成音节。从单词拼写形式上看,有几个元字组就有几个音节。出现在词尾且不发音的 e 不能构成音节。 音节是词的构成单位。就语音形式而言,一个音节通常由一个元音音素加上一个或几个辅音音素构成;就书写形式而言,一个音节一般由一个元字组(元音字母或元音字母组合)加上一个或几个辅字组(辅音字母或辅音字母组合)构成。单独一个元音或元字组也可以构成一个音节。例如:I a air等。 在一个词中,有几个元音音素(不是元音字母),就有几个音节。上列例词都是只有一个元音音素的单音节词。有两个元音音素的叫双音节词,有三个或三个以上元音音素的叫多音节词。 注:nation中的io不是一个字组,虽然只发一个音素[?],但在计算音节数目时算两个音节。 还有一种音节不含有元音,[m]、[n]、[l]、[?]是发音较为响亮的辅音,他们可以和别的辅音结合成不含元音的音节,这种音节叫成音节。 英语单词音节的划分 (1)如果两个音节之间只有一个辅音字母(r除外),该字母要归右面的音节,第一音节要读作开音节。(2)如果两音节之间有两个辅音字母(第一个不是r),这两个辅音字母分别划归左右两个音节,第一个音节为闭音节。注:如果两个相同的辅音字母在一起并用时,只发一个辅音字母的音。 (3)如果两音节之间有两个辅音字母,第一个是r,这两个辅音字母可分别划归左右两个音节,第一个音节按r重读音节读。如果分界线上的两个辅音字母都是r,左边的重读音节按闭音节读。 (4)辅音字母l,m,n等也可构成非重读音节。 以上所讲正是: 每个音节一元音,并连辅音两边分, 还有一点需注音,字母组合不能分, 缺少元音无音节,不算几个成节音。 双音节单词的音节划分方法可归纳为“两分手。一归前或一归后”。 1)“两分手”是指:当两个元音之间有两个辅音字母时,将两个辅音字母划分在前后两个音节里。具体 细节以及读音特点,分别介绍如下: ①当两个辅音字母相同(包括字母 r ),且重读音节在词首时:第一个音节的元音按照“短元音”读, 但是相邻的那一个辅音字母没有读音。注意:字母 l, r在非重读音节中,有时起元音的作用。如在单词little, acre 中。 ②带前缀的单词,有时也有两个相同的辅音字母(包括字母 r ),如:这样的单词,第一个音节是“非 重读音节”,元音一般读“含糊元音”。 ③当两个辅音字母不同(不包括字母 r )时:第一个音节的元音按照“短元音”读,相邻的辅音字母
元音发音方法和单词 [i] 的特性:嘴唇微微张开,舌尖抵下齿,舌前部抬高,嘴形扁 平。 fish this six is in milk sing only eleven hungry his Kid pig picture sit taxi cinema big [i:]的特性:嘴唇微微张开,舌尖抵下齿,嘴角向两边张开,露 出微笑的表情,与字母E的发音相同。 eat tea peach he beef meat green feel we three see read Seat jeep beach sweet bee street [u]的特性:短元音,舌位在舌的后部,音质短促 book good woman put look full bookcase bookshop football cook wolf pull push could
[u:]的特性:长元音,音长是/u/的两倍以上,嘴唇和口腔处于 紧张状态 do who food cool school room shoe group blue June move you moon soup zoo spoon noodles [?]的特性:短元音,舌位在舌的后部,音质短促,嘴自然微张 Cut bus duck mother study luck supper brother gun fun Uncle but cousin love some cup Hungry touch up lunch [a:]的特性:长元音,音长是/∧/的两倍以上,嘴张得很大 car scarf aunt basketball party Fast glass card Park party class grass garm plant last [?]的特性:是松弛元音,只出现在非重读音节中 about china worker river winter teacher doctor today police sugar sister Canada around banana elephant
教学设计 教学内容: 字母a / i / o / u的发音规则 学情分析: 本节课的授课对象时小学五年级的学生。经过两年的英语学习,有了简单的英语基础知识和听说读写能力;同时,学生对英语学习有着较浓厚的兴趣,喜欢表达自己的观点,也具备初步的自主,合作,探究的能力。 授课教师:卢静 教学目标: 1.知识目标: 能够听懂,会读字母a/i/o/u在开音节与闭音节的发音,并利用发音规则拼读,拼写单词。 2.能力目标: 启发学生通过朗读单词,总结发音规律,让学生获得成就感,从而提升自主学习的能力。 3.情感目标: 鼓励学生积极主动的参与课堂,提高学习英语的积极性。教学重难点: 掌握字母a/i/o/u在开音节与闭音节的发音规则,通过训练,学生能够做到“看词读音”, “听音拼词”.
Teaching procedures: Warming up ⑴Greetings. ⑵Sing a song “ ABC”song ⑶Look at the screen, say the letters quickly. Lead-in T: Do you know how many letters do we have? Ss: 26 T: Great! How many vowels do we have? And what are they? Do you know? Ss:Five. Aa Ee Ii Oo Uu T: Excellent! Today we will learn something about them. Presentation 1. Learn the pronunciation of “a-e” and “a”. ⑴ Read the words: cake, face ⑵ Observe the two words, and say what they can find. These words contain the letter “a-e” and “a-e” pronounce /e?/. ⑶ Read the word: cat ⑷Think the question: the letter “a”still pronounces /e?/ ? Ss find the answer. “a” pronounce /? / ⑸According to the rules, work in four, try to read the following words: cake face make bag cap cat.
元音字母a,e,i,o,u的发音规则 语音对于口语来说是非常重要的.如果你的发音不准确,让别人听不懂,你就无法与别人交流。英语的26个字母中有A、E、I、O、U五个元音字母,它们在不同词汇中的读音是不同的。 A的发音规则。? A/a的发音比较复杂,归纳起来有9种情况: ?(1)在重读开音节中读[ei]。例如:? plane[plein] radio['reidi?u] wake[ weik] paper[’peip?] 但要记住一个例外:have读做[h?v]而不是[heiv]。?(2)在-ange组合中读[ei]。例如:?change[t?eind?] strange[streind?]arrange[ ?’reind? ] (3)在重读音节前的闭音节中一般读[?]。例如:? activity[?k’tiviti] transcription[tr?ns’krip ??n]?有时也读做[?],例如: accept[?k’sept]Atlantic[?t’l?ntik] (4)在非重读音节中读做[?]。例如:?substance[’s?bst?ns] breakfast['brekf?st] woman[’wum?n] (5)在“a—I-辅音字母(除r、w之外)+不发音的e”的非重读音节中一般读做。例如 comrade[’k?mrid]courage['k?rid?]?但是,“一ate"中的a不论重读还是非重读都读[ei],例如:? calculate[’k?lkjuleit]late[1eit]hesitate['heziteit]?这里有两个例外,一是separate的形容词形式,读做['sep?rit], 另外一个是climate,读做[’klaimit]。?(6)在wh后面读[?].例如: ? what[w?t]what ever[w?t’ev ?]? whale是例外,这个单词按照重读开音节读做[weil]。 (7)在W后面读[?:]例如: water[’w?:t?] watch[w?:t ?]wander[’w?:nd?] ? wave和wake是例外,要按照重读开音节分别读做[weiv]和[weik].?(8)在l前面读[?:].例如: chalk[t??:k] tall[t?:1] always[’?:lweiz]talk[t?:k] ?但是,shall[??l] valley[’v?li] shallow[’??l?u]中读做[?],wallet读做['w?lit].?(9)下列情况下,a发[a:]的音: ?①在s之前,例如:? class[kla:s]grass[gra:s] fast[fa:st]bas ket[’ba:skit]?例外有两个,haste[heist]和taste[teist],另外passage按照重读闭音节规则读音,读做[’p?sid?]。?②在“m/n+辅音字母”之前,例如: advance[?d’va:ns]France[fra:ns]dance[da:ns]例外的是grand[gr?nd]?③在th之前,例如: path[pa:θ] rather[’ra:e?] ④在lm之前,例如calm[ka:m] palm[pa:m] ⑤在lf之前,例如: half[ha:f] calf[ka:f] ?⑥在f之前,例如: staff[sta:f] after['a:ft?]afternoon[’ a:ft?nu:n] ? 元音字母E的发音规则。 E/e以及E/e与其他字母的组合在英语单词中出现的很多,它们的读音规则有如下几种: (1)在重读开音节中,e一般读做[i:]或[i ?]。??①[i:]例如:she he these ②[i?]例如:zero heroserious?(2)在重读闭音节中,e一般读[e],例如:setbed ten Pen (3)在非重读音节中,e一般读做[i]或[?]。?①[i]例如:enemy eleven excuse②[?]例如:studentopenchildren (4)e与其他字母组合的读音:?①ea一般可以读做: [i:]例如:read sea meat repeat [e]例如:bread weather breakfast [i?]例如:real idea theatre [ei]例如:greatbreak?②ee一般读做[i:],例如:meetjeep see sheep sleep ③er在重读音节中一般读做[?:],例如:term verbcertain,在词尾一般读做[?],?例
英文元音字母A的发音规则 Aa的读音一共有九种:[ei] ,[?],[e],[?],[?:] ,[?], [a:],[i],[??] 1.以一个元音字母(a、e、i、o、u)结尾的重读音节中读[ei],发本身的字母音。 例如: range[英][reind?] arrange[英][??reind?] exchange[英][iks?t?eind?] educate[英][?edju:keit] plane[plein] wake[weik] name [neim] age [eid?] ate [eit] case [keis] radio[`reidiou] 但要记住一个例外:have[h?v] 结尾R不发音 danger[英][?deind??] paper[英][?peip?] 2.在重读闭音节中读[?] (英语重读闭音节就是闭音节为重读音节的音节,重读闭音节中元音字母不是发它本 身的字母音,而是发短元音。)这是由于音节尾部的辅音字母使然。 例如: add[英][?d] glad[英][ɡl?d]salary[英][?s?l?ri] shall[英][??l] natural[英][?n?t??r?l] manifold[英][?m?n??f??ld] am [?m] bag [b?ɡ] at [?t] activity [?k?tiviti] transcription [tr?n?skr?p??n] 3.在字母any中读 [e] 例如: any [?eni] many [?meni] anyone [?eniw?n] 4.在非重读音节中读[?] 例如: woman[英][?wum?n] vegetable[英][?ved?it?bl] About [??baut] around[??raund] 5.读[?:] 例如: recall[英][ri?k?:l] All [?:l] fall [f?:l] 6.在[w]后面读[?] 例如: wash[英][w??]watch[英][w?t?]want[英][w?nt] Washington[英][?w??i?t?n] wander[英][?w?nd?] squadron[英][?skw?dr?n] 7.读[a:] 例如: father[英][?fɑ:e?]fast[英][fɑ:st] chance[英][t?ɑ:ns] dance[英][dɑ:ns] pass [pa:s], last [la:st], 8.在非重读音节中读[i] 例如: bandage[英][?b?ndid?] climate[英][?klaimit]palace[英][?p?lis]