类型8| 社会生活
考查要点方法技巧
1.社会生活中所遇到的各种机遇和挑战。
2．迎接机遇或挑战的观点和态度。
3．处理或解决问题的方式方法。
4．人们工作、生活、社交的方式及其影
响。
1.明确文章的体裁，把握文章的结构。
2．运用归纳概括等方法得出文章的主题。
3．明确事情的前因后果，找出问题的解决
办法。
4．抓住诸多细节，推知文章的寓意。
(2016·全国乙卷·B)
Grandparents Answer a Call
As a third－generation native of Brownsville，Texas，Mildred Garza never planned to move away.Even when her daughter and son asked her to move to San Antonio to help with their children，she politely refused.Only after a year of friendly discussion did Ms.Garza finally say yes.That was four years ago.Today all three generations regard the move as a success，giving them a closer
relationship than they would have had in separate cities. No statistics show the number of grandparents like Garza who are moving closer to adult children and grandchildren.Yet there is evidence suggesting that the trend is growing.Even President Obama's mother－in－law，Marian Robinson，has agreed to leave Chicago and move into the White House to help care for her granddaughters.According to a study by https://www.doczj.com/doc/0e5933297.html,，83 percent of the people said Mrs.Robinson's decision will influence grandparents in the American family.Two－thirds believe more families will follow the
example of Obama's family.“In the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldn't get away from home
far enough or fast enough to prove we could do it on our own，”says Christine Crosby，publisher of Grand，a magazine for grandparents.“We now realize how important family is and how important it is to be near them，especially when
you're raising children.”Moving is not for everyone.Almost every grandparent wants to be with his or
her grandchildren and is willing to make sacrifices，but sometimes it is wiser
to say no and visit frequently instead.Having your grandchildren far away is hard，especially knowing your adult child is struggling，but giving up the life
you know may be harder.
25．Why was Garza's move a success?
A．It strengthened her family ties.
B．It improved her living conditions.
C．It enabled her to make more friends.
D．It helped her know more new places.
26．What was the reaction of the public to Mrs.Robinson's decision?
A．17% expressed their support for it.
B．Few people responded sympathetically.
C．83% believed it had a bad influence.
D．The majority thought it was a trend.
27．What did Crosby say about people in the 1960s?
A．They were unsure of themselves.
B．They were eager to raise more children.
C．They wanted to live away from their parents.
D．They had little respect for their grandparents. 28．What does the author suggest the grandparents do in the last paragraph?
A．Make decisions in the best interests of their own.
B．Ask their children to pay more visits to them.
C．Sacrifice for their struggling children.
D．Get to know themselves better.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。主要论述了祖父母接到后代与他们同住的邀请后该如
何做出选择。长难句解读：Having your grandchildren far away is hard，especially knowing your adult child is struggling，but giving up the life you know may be harder.分析：本句为并列句。but前的第一个分句中，Having your grandchildren far away为动名词短语作主语，especially knowing your adult child is struggling为现在分词短语作状语；but后的第二个分句中，giving up the life为动名词短语作主语，
you know为定语从句修饰其前的the life。翻译：与孩子们距离远是痛苦的，尤其是知道你的成年子女生活艰难，但是放弃你熟
悉的生活可能更艰难。25．A[细节理解题。根据第一段中的．..giving them a closer relationship...
可知，Garza搬去和晚辈同住后，他们的关系更亲密了，这与A项的表述“这加强了她的
家庭关系”相吻合，故选A项。] 26．D[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Two－thirds believe more families will follow the example of Obama's family.”可知，三分之二的人认为更多的家庭将效仿奥
巴马的家庭，由此可知它将成为一种趋势，故选D项。] 27．C[细节理解题。根据第三段的第一句“In the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldn't get away from home far enough or fast enough to prove we could do it on our own...”可知，在20世纪60年代，人们都有点儿狂野，急于“远走高飞”来证明自己的能力，这与C项的表述“他们想远离父母生活”相吻合，故选C项。] 28．A[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Moving is not for everyone.”以及“it
is wiser to say no and visit frequently”可知，作者建议老年人从自己的利益出发，
做出选择，故选A项。]
A
(2016·苏北四市摸底考试)
I love seeing Europeans line up in airports to applaud arriving refugees.
But humanitarianism(人道主义) will not guide policy for long.We liberals need to argue from Europe's self－interest: our continent has the need，the space
and the ability to accept people. Many European countries are gradually turning into old people's homes. Germany，Italy，Spain and others have some of the lowest birth rates in human history.It is predicted that about one－third of their populations will be aged over 65 in 2050. Germany needs to import at least 350，000 people a year to keep its workforce stable. Suddenly，young ambitious workers are pouring into the country as if called by a genie(精灵) with a lamp.No wonder Angela Merkel，German Chancellor，has been more welcoming than David Cameron，British Prime Minister. But all over Europe，careers for old people are already in need.Norway found oil under the seabed but it would have been better off if it
had discovered 50，000 nurses there instead. Many rightwingers think we have reached our limits.This feeling is widespread.And it's true that Western Europe is one of the most densely populated regions on Earth. Indeed，density has long been Europe's unique
selling point：with so many people of different nations closely packed together，we have always traded goods and exchanged ideas fast.That's why the scientific revolution of the 16th and 17th centuries happened here. But we have plenty more room.Many European cities aren't dense enough.Now east Germany，north－western Spain and gorgeous mountain villages in Italy are
losing people.Lots of cities have unused industrial land. Humans inhabit a slice of the EU's territory.Only about 2.5 percent of the
EU's land issued for housing，estimates the European Commission.By contrast，a whopping 43 percent was used for agriculture in 2009，it says.That's too much.We could turn more land into forest or into green landscapes where people can relax and play.Making that transition is feasible because we now use
agricultural land inefficiently. Migrants often spend years locked up together in serious government－funded “migrant centers”．However，the way to learn a new country's language，make friends and find work is to live with a local.This crisis has shown that lots of Europeans are willing to take refugees into their homes.After Iceland's government said it could take only 50 Syrian refugees，many Icelanders came forward offering to take a far greater number into their own homes.People aren't just sitting around waiting for government to do something. We need migrants, and we can accommodate them. If opponents just don't like foreigners，they should say so instead of pretending to be hardheaded
pragmatists(实用主义者)．本文介绍了德国以及其他一些欧洲国家面临人口老龄化、劳动力缺乏的情况，而大量涌入的移民在客观上缓解了他们的劳动力缺乏的情况。作者呼吁这些国家多接纳移民。1．Why is Angela Merkel willing to take in refugees according to the
passage?
A．Germany has already stepped into aged society.
B．Birth rates in Germany are the lowest in history.
C．She is kind and shows sympathy for homeless people.
D．Refugees can make up the shortage of labor in Germany.
D[推理判断题。根据第二段第四句可知，德国劳动力严重缺乏，所以难民能够补充
他们的劳动力。因此选D。]
2．Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．No other region is more densely populated than Western Europe.