2016考研英语：真题经典长难句必背(一)
一篇考研阅读理解文章中一般会出现3-5句长难句，而且还至少有一道针对长难句理解
的考题，因此很有必要熟悉长难句的种类以及它们各自的重点。
1、主从复合句
When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal.
[参考译文]
当艺术上的一项新运动达到一定流行程度时，最好先弄清该运动倡导者的目的，因为，
无论他们的创作原则在今天看来多么牵强、多么荒谬，在未来这些理论有可能会被视为正常
的东西。
[结构分析]
本句的主干是it is advisable to find out... for... it is possible that...，句首的When引导一个时间状语从句，句中的for... it is possible... (至句末)是一个并列分句，表示原因，其中for后面的however +形容词farfetched and unreasonable引导状语从句，表示让步。在主干it is advisable to find out... 中，it是形式主语，后面的不定式结构to find out what its advocates are aiming at是真正的主语。
2、并列句
While talking to you, your could-be employer is deciding whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications will pay him to employ you and your "wares" and abilities must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner.
[参考译文]
与你谈话时，可能成为你未来老板的人会考虑你所受的教育、你的经历和你的其他资历
是否在雇佣你以后会给他带来好处。你的"资历"和能力必须有条不紊、合理连贯地展示出来。
[结构分析]
这也是一个并列句，包含两个分句。第一个分句的主干是your could-be employer is deciding whether...，其中whether引导一个宾语从句whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications will pay him to employ you;第二个分句的主干是your "wares" and abilities must be displayed...。注意：pay sb. to do sth.此处的意思是"做…对…有利";"wares"的本义是"商品、货物"，但在本文中，作者认为找工作就是推销自己，所以结合本文的背景，
wares的意思是"(求职者的)资历或能力"。
3、定语从句
(1)The change met the technical requirements of the new age by engaging a large professional element and prevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the second and third generation after the energetic founders.
[参考译文]
通过雇用大量的职业人才，这一变化满足了新时代的技术要求，防止了效率下降--在过去，这种效率下降经常使家族公司在充满活力的创业者之后的第二代或第三代毁掉全部财
产。
[结构分析]
本句是一个并列句，以and连接;第一个分句的主干是The change met the technical requirements...，后面的介词结构by engaging a large professional element作状语，说明met the technical requirements of the new age的方式;第二个分句的主干是(the change) prevented the decline in efficiency，后面的that引导的定语从句修饰decline in efficiency。注意：engage此处的意思是"雇，聘"。
(2)A survey of news stories in 1996 reveals that the anti-science tag has been attached to many other groups as well, from authorities who advocated the elimination of the last remaining stocks of smallpox virus to Republicans who advocated decreased funding for basic research.
[参考译文]
1996年进行的一项新闻调查表明，反科学的标签还被贴在其他许多团体身上--从主张消灭最后剩下的各种天花病毒的机构，到主张减少基础研究经费的共和党人。
[结构分析]
本句的主干是 A survey...reveals that...，主语是survey，谓语是reveals，后面的that引导一个宾语从句，其主干是：the anti-science tag has been attached to many other groups as well，后面的部分是from和to连接的两个名词：from authorities...to Republicans...，说明other groups 的内容，而两个名词后面各自带一个定语从句，都由who引导。
The astonishing distrust of the news media isn't rooted in inaccuracy or poor reportorial skills but in the daily clash of world views between reporters and their readers.
[参考译文]
读者对新闻媒体令人惊讶的不信任并非源于报道失实或报道技能较差，而是源于记者和
读者之间世界观的日常冲突。
[结构分析]
本句的主干是distrust ... isn't rooted in... but in... (不信任的根源不是…而是…)，其中be rooted in... 的意思是"根源在于…"。注意：这是一种特殊句式，重点在but之后的部分。
4、名词性从句
Online culture thinks highly of the notion that the information flowing onto the screen comes there by specific request.
[参考译文]
网络文化非常推崇这样一种理念：出现在用户屏幕上的信息应该是根据用户特定要求发
送过来的。
[结构分析]
本句的主干是Online culture thinks highly of the notion that...，其中notion后面的that引导一个同位语从句，说明notion的具体内容;同位语从句的主干是the https://www.doczj.com/doc/0f5261872.html,es there...，其中flowing onto the screen作定语，修饰the information，句末的by specific request 作状语，修饰come there。
5、状语从句
Consumers seem only concerned, not panicked, and many say they remain optimistic about the economy's long-term prospects, even as they do some modest belt tightening.
[参考译文]
第3页共 4 页
消费者们看上去只是有点担心，而没有恐慌，很多消费者说尽管他们正在把开支紧缩一点，但是他们对经济的长期前景仍然保持乐观。
[结构分析]
本句是以and连接的并列句，其中第二个分句的主干是many say...，say后面的部分是宾语从句，其中还包含一个as引导的让步状语从句。
1. Actually, it isn't, because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights, which is something the world does not have. 【译文】事实并非如此，因为这种问法是以人们对人的权利有共同认识为基础的，而这种共同认识并不存在。 【析句】这是一个主从复合句，主语是it isn't，省略了表语，完整的说法是it isn't a useful, ground-clearing way to start. because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights是一个表示原因的状语从句，其表语an agreed account of human rights跟了一个定语从句which is something the world doesn't have。注意状语从句中的主语it指代上文的the question，it assumes意思是“这种问题(问法)是假定的”。 【讲词】account一词的正确理解是翻译的关键。an agreed account of human rights意思是“an agreed understanding of human rights”。 agreed意为“一致的”。This is the agreed price at which the stock will be traded.(这是股票交易的约定价格。)They met at the agreed time.(他们按约定时间见面。) 2. Some philosophers argue that rights exist only within a social contract, as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements. 【译文】有些哲学家论证说，权利只存在在于社会契约中，是责任与权益相交换的一部分。 【析句】Some philosophers argue是句子的主干，宾语是一个从句，介词短语as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements是rights的后置定语。 【讲词】social contract意为“社会契约”，也可译为“民约论”或“社会契约论”，指社会成员之间或政府与人民之间确定和限制各自权利和义务的协议。 duty意为“义务，职责”，与obligation和responsibility同义。obligation通常指特定原因而产生的具体限制，responsibility强调履行义务，duty指出于道德或伦理的考虑而受到的限制。 entitle的基本意思是“给……题名,给……称号;给予……权利; 使……有资格(做某事)”。 I think she is entitled to praise.(我看她值得赞扬。) The book is entitled Natural Cancer Treatments.(这本书的名称是《癌症自然疗法》。) The civil servants in our country are entitled to free medical care.(我们国家的公务员享受免费医疗。)而entitlements意为“权利”。 3. It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset: it invites you to think that animals should be treated either with the consideration humans extend to other humans,or with no consideration at all. 【译文】这种说法从一开始就将讨论引向两个极端，它使人们认为应这样对待动物：要么像对人类自身一样关切体谅，要么完全冷漠无情。 【析句】主句是It leads the discussion to extremes，at the outset作时间状语。冒号后面的成分是对主句进一步说明，其宾语是一个that引导的从句，而在这个从句中，either…or…是一个介词短语，作方式状语。
2016考研英语：真题经典长难句必背(一) 一篇考研阅读理解文章中一般会出现3-5句长难句，而且还至少有一道针对长难句理解 的考题，因此很有必要熟悉长难句的种类以及它们各自的重点。 1、主从复合句 When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal. [参考译文] 当艺术上的一项新运动达到一定流行程度时，最好先弄清该运动倡导者的目的，因为， 无论他们的创作原则在今天看来多么牵强、多么荒谬，在未来这些理论有可能会被视为正常 的东西。 [结构分析] 本句的主干是it is advisable to find out... for... it is possible that...，句首的When引导一个时间状语从句，句中的for... it is possible... (至句末)是一个并列分句，表示原因，其中for后面的however +形容词farfetched and unreasonable引导状语从句，表示让步。在主干it is advisable to find out... 中，it是形式主语，后面的不定式结构to find out what its advocates are aiming at是真正的主语。 2、并列句 While talking to you, your could-be employer is deciding whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications will pay him to employ you and your "wares" and abilities must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner. [参考译文] 与你谈话时，可能成为你未来老板的人会考虑你所受的教育、你的经历和你的其他资历 是否在雇佣你以后会给他带来好处。你的"资历"和能力必须有条不紊、合理连贯地展示出来。 [结构分析] 这也是一个并列句，包含两个分句。第一个分句的主干是your could-be employer is deciding whether...，其中whether引导一个宾语从句whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications will pay him to employ you;第二个分句的主干是your "wares" and abilities must be displayed...。注意：pay sb. to do sth.此处的意思是"做…对…有利";"wares"的本义是"商品、货物"，但在本文中，作者认为找工作就是推销自己，所以结合本文的背景，
考研英语长难句经典例子解析 来源：文都图书 考研英语的长难句在广大考生心中一直是一个超级大难点，数不清的生词，看不明白的句型和混乱的时态都让考生脑袋大了不止一圈儿，所以今天这篇文章就和大家分享一下攻克长难句的技巧。以《考研英语长难句解密》中的一句超长的长难句为例。 【经典长难句】 The increase in numbers of married women employed outside the home in the twentieth century had less to do with the mechanization of house work and an increase in leisure time for these women than it did with their own economic necessity and with high marriage rates that shrank the available pool of single women workers, previously, in many cases, the only women employers would hire. 【词汇突破】 have to do with…与…有关 Economic necessity 经济需求 pool of single women workers 单身女工的资源 high marriage rates 高结婚率 【参考译文】20世纪，在家庭外被雇佣的女性人数增加了，这与其说是由于家务活的机器化和闲暇时间的增加，还不如说是由于女性自身的经济需求和由于高结婚率。正是高结婚率减少了单身女工劳动力资源的数量，而在这之前很多情况下，她们是雇主们会雇佣的唯一女性。 像书中的解句顺序一样，攻克长难句首先应该拿下句中的生词和短语，这是基础，是盖房所需的砖瓦，然后再攻克句法，拿下房屋结构，这样再对照参考译文，以前觉得很难的长难句就“柳暗花明又一村”了。希望大家首先消除内心对长难句的恐惧心理，静下心来好好分析，好好学习，争取早日拿下长难句，拿下考研英语！加油！
2016考研英语：经典长难句训练与解析 进入暑期强化复习黄金期，各位2016考研的考生们要在这2个月迅速提高复习效果。在复习考研英语阅读的时候，大家最怕的就是长难句。那么，怎样才能攻克考研英语长难句这只拦路虎呢?要想长难句不再难，方法之一就是在复习的时候，多多练习一些经典的考研英语长难句。俗话说：熟能生巧!一种句型，当你练习了几遍，考试时看到同样的句型，也就知道该如何作答了。为了帮助各位2016考研的同学攻克长难句，给大家整理了一些经典的长难句训练题，并附有详细的解析，《2016考研英语：经典长难句训练与解析》希望能帮助大家。 考研英语长难句训练题： 489、Achievement happens because you as a personembody the external achievement; ybu don't“get”success but become it. 490、Scientists jumped to the rescue with Somedistinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insectswould eat us up if birds failed to control them. 491、But we have at last drawn nearer the point of admitting that birds should continue as amatter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us. 考研英语长难句解析： 第489题： 【分析】并列复合句。分号连接两个并列分句。第一个分句包含because引导的原因状语从句;第二个分句为简单句,but连接两个并列的谓语动词。翻译时整个句子顺译。 【点拨】external achievement若直译为“外部的成就”，意思模糊不清,本句中结合语境可意译为“成就的外部面貌”。 【译文】成就的出现是因为你作为一个人本身体现了成就的外部面貌;你不是“获得”了成功,而是变成了成功。 第490题： 【分析】多重复合句。句子主干为Scientists jumped tothe rescue。with some distinctly shaky evidence作伴随状语,翻译时为了使译文流畅，可直接译为动宾关系“拿出某些明显站不往脚的证据”。to the effect that是修饰evidence的同位语从句，在此同位语从句中，would eatus up表示一种假设情况，而这种情况是基于if引导的条件句所描述的情形。 【点拨】1、jump to sth.表示“匆匆…”，如jump to a conclusion“匆匆得出结论”。jump to therescue中jump要根据语境，翻译出一种“着急”的心态，可译为“立即，迅速”。2、shaky作形容词时，意为“摇晃的，颤抖的，发抖的”或“不坚定的，不可靠的”。本句中后接evidence,因此应译为“不可靠的，站不住脚的”。3、to the effect that意为“大意是，含义是”。 【译文】科学家们立即拿出某些明显站不住脚的证据前来救驾，大致是说如果鸟类不能
2019考研英语：长难句解析（97）_毙考题 考研英语的复习从来不是一朝一夕的事儿，尤其是对于那些八百年没看过英语的同学来说!所以，从今天起，长难句基础搞起来~下面， 毙考题小编将会继续为大家整理一些重点的长难句解析，以前的内容也要多加巩固啊!老铁们~ ( 2009年真题Section ⅡReading Comprehension Part A Text 1 第3段第2句) In fact, the more new things we try the more we step outside our comfort zone the more inherently creative we become, both in the workplace and in our personal lives. 译文：实际上，我们尝试的新事物越多离自己的舒适区越远我们在工作中和生活中的内在创造力就越大。 分析：本句的句式结构是the more the more 。主句为the more inherently creative we become，the more new things we try是条件状语从句。这个结构的句式运用了倒装，主句的自然语序应为we becomemore inherently creative，所以该句是倒装的主语(we)+系动词(become)+表语(creative) 结构。 词汇指南 step[step](n.)脚步;步伐;步骤(v.)跨(步);踏(脚)(中考词汇)(笔者认为，step一词具有拟声色彩，其发音似脚踩踏地面的声音脚步;步伐，引申为步骤。) 1个扩展词： ●overstep [,o?v?r`step ](v.)踏过,逾越;超出的限度(超纲词汇)(2013年-阅读4)(over-超越,在上面，step-脚步脚步从上面越过即踏过,逾越，引申为超出的限度。) comfort [ k?mf?t](n.)安慰,慰藉;舒适(vt.)安慰,慰藉;使舒适(高考词汇)(2009年-阅读1)(com-共同,一起;完全，fort-由force-力量和heart内心组合而来一种能够完全平复人心灵的力量即安慰,慰藉，引申为舒适。)
第五讲特殊句式及长难句解析 1．简单句、并列句、复合句 从句: 名词性：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句 形容词性：定语从句 副词性：状语从句--- 时间、地点、原因、结果、目的、条件、让步、比较、方式 2．省略句、比较结构、倒装句、分割结构 英语中还有一些特殊句式，出现在阅读理解中，势必会成为我们理解文章的障碍。但是，特殊句式还是有语法规律的，因此，如果我们能熟练应用特殊句式的语法规律，在阅读中一眼就能识别并领会这些特殊语法现象，障碍就基本克服了。 1.省略句 资料47 To err is human; to forgive, divine. Brevity is the soul of wit. 文体畅晓，其智乃见。（省略是将句子中的赘述部分删去，避免重复，使句子更简洁，加强表达内容的连贯性和逻辑性。被省略的部分大多是主语、谓语或谓语中的助动词等。文章中的省略现象会使句子成分短缺，造成句子不完整，如果看不出句子中省略了什么成分，就容易造成对文章的理解困难。 省略句一般只有当各组成部分有共同的成分才可能出现省略。对于这类句式，其难点在于发现省略成分，一旦找出并补充完整，句意理解就会大大简化。 省略句如果出现在翻译中，在翻译的时候，一定要把省略的部分翻译出来，否则会扣分。A：and 连接的并列句的省略 材料48页：Until these issues are resolved, a technology of behavior will continue to be rejected, and with it possibly the only way to solve our problems.（2002） 分析：很明显，and with it possibly the only way to solve our problem，是一个省略句，with 做状语一般表示伴随，这一个分句只有一个状语加一个名词结构，构不成一个完整的句子。实际上，与前句相同的成分才会被省略，前一句的谓语部分是：will continue to be rejected. 所以，后一分句补充完整就是：with the rejection of the technology of behavior, possibly the only way to solve our problem will continue to be rejected. 练习：1. The reasons for poverty are many, but for the most part center on illiteracy, the lack of opportunities and in some cases pure laziness. (主语the reasons) 2.He majors in English, and I, in French. (谓语major ) 3.Self-confidence gives you light when you are in dark and encouragement when you are dismay. (省略主谓) B：状语从句中的省略 规则：当主句的主语与从句主语一致时候，且从句的谓语动词是Be动词时候，从句可省略主谓。See 材料48页1. 让步状语从句2 时间状语从句 3．If handled properly and not misused, the clone technology will only bring more benefit than disaster to mankind. (条件状语从句) 4．Some people look as if afraid of nothing. (方式状语从句) 5．The computer is still not yet able to do the work as well as an intelligent secretary. （比较）真题例句1 Actually we know of no type of astronomical body in which the conditions can be favorable to life except planets like our own revolving round a sun. 这是复合句。in which引导定语从句，修饰astronomical body. 介词except引起的短语作
考研英语真题经典长难句精析【前10句】 1. This will be particularly true since energy pinch will makeit difficult to continue agriculture in the high-energy American fashion thatmakes it possible to combine few farmers with high yields. 结构分析: 句子的主干是This will beparticularly true…。since引导原因状语从句。此从句中又套嵌一个由关系代词that引导的定语从句，修饰the high-energyAmerican fashion。在定语从句中，that 做主语，makes做谓语，it做形式宾语，不定式短语to combine fewfarmers with high yields 则是真正的宾语（不定式短语内部to combine是主干，few farmers是宾语，with high yields 是状语），possible做宾语补足语。this指代前句中提到的这种困境。energy pinch译为“能源的匮乏”;in…fashion译为“用…方法、方式”。 译文： 这种困境将是确定无疑的，因为能源的匮乏，高能量消耗这种美国耕种方式将很难在农业中继续下去，而这种耕种方式使投入少数农民就可获得高产成为可能。 2. Now since the assessment of intelligence is a comparative matter，we must be sure thatthe scale with which we are comparing our subjects providesa“valid”or“fair”comparison. 结构分析: 句子的主干是we must be sure…。since引导原因状语从句the assessment ofintelligence is a comparative matter。主句中又有that引导的宾语从句that the scale withwhich we are comparing our subjects provides a“valid”or“fair”comparison。此宾语从句中又套嵌一个由介词with+which 引导的定语从句with which we arecomparing our subjects修饰先行词the scale。scale在此处意为“尺度、衡量标准”。 译文： 既然对智力的评估相比较而言的，那么我们必须确保，在对我们的对象进行比较时，我们所用的尺度能够提供“有效的”或“公平的”比较。 3. In general，the tests work most effectively when thequalities to be measured can be most precisely defined and least effectivelywhen what is to be measured or predicted can be not well defined. 结构分析: 句子的框架是the tests work mosteffectively when…and least effectively when…。and连接两个并列分句，每个并列分句中皆有一个when引导的时间状语从句分别说明work most effectively和and（work）least effectively。第二个时间状语从句中还有一个主语从句what…predicted。the tests是主句的主语，work为动词做谓语。qualities在此处是可数名词，不译为“质量”，而译为“特征”。defined不能直译为“被定义为”，而应译为主动语态“界定”。译文：一般来说，当所需要测定的特征能被精确界定时，测试最为有效;而当所测定或预测的东西不能被明确界定时，测试效果最差。
考研英语阅读真题经典长难句必背 阅读命题常针对长难句。所以很有必要熟悉长难句的种类以及它们各自的重点。今天先介绍长难句的把握方法，再给出一些典型的句子，建议熟读甚至背诵，以做到考试时碰到类似句子就能抓住重点。 一、长难句一般应对策略 1.从句又多又长：一个主句带多个从句，从句中又含有从句 应对方法：先抓主干，找出复杂句中最核心的主谓宾，再层层展开 2.句子中带有长长的插入成分：用插入语来交代某句话是谁说的或者是说话人的身份，或解释、说明前面的内容 应对方法：理解句子主干时，先不理会插入语，等把主句的意思看完整，然后再看插入成分 3. 分词短语、独立主格结构的干扰 应对方法：主句最重要的特征就是有完整的主谓结构，尤其是独立的谓语部分。一个看似句子的结构，如果没有独立的谓语部分，它就不是句子，而是分词短语、独立主格结构等，可以先跳过不看 4. 三种情况的混合 应对方法：从前向后，抓住独立的谓语部分，从而区分出主句和分词状语，再根据主句与从句之间的连接词，区分出主句和从句，层层扩展理解，插入语在哪个层次，就放在哪个层次理解 二、特殊句型 对于特殊句型，如虚拟语气，可以将其理解成一种反事实假设，也就是作者的观点和态度与之相反。对于分隔结构而言，其主干一般在破折号、逗号和定语从句之外，阅读时可以先跳过修饰成分。对于关联结构，要学会寻找第二部分，因为第二部分有时是句子的重点。如在not…but…之中，重点在but…之后。 三、具体句子 1、复合句 When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded
考研英语真题经典长难句精析【前10 句】 1. This will be particularly true since energy pinch will makeit difficult to continue agriculture in the high-energy American fashion thatmakes it possible to combine few farmers with high yields. 结构分析: 句子的主干是This will beparticularly true…。since引导原因状语从句。此从句中又套嵌一个由关系代词that 引导的定语从句，修饰the high-energyAmerican fashion 。在定语从句中，that 做主语，makes 做谓语，it 做形式宾语，不定式短语to combine fewfarmers with high yields 则是真正的宾语(不定式短语内部to combine 是主干，few farmers 是宾语，with high yields 是状语)，possible做宾语补足语。this指代前句中提到的这种困境。energy pinch译为"能 源的匮乏” ;in???fashion译为"用…方法、方式”。 译文： 这种困境将是确定无疑的，因为能源的匮乏，高能量消耗这种美国耕种方式将很难在农业中继续下去，而这种耕种方式使投入少数农民就可获得高产成为可能。 2. Now since the assessment of intelligence is a comparative matter，we must be sure thatthe scale with which we are comparing our subjects providesa “ valid” or“ fair” comparison. 结构分析: 句子的主干是we must be sure…。since弓丨导原因状语从句the assessmentofintelligenee is a comparative matter。主句中又有that 弓丨导的宾语从句that the scale withwhich we are comparing our subjects provides a"valid "or"fair"comparison。此宾语从句中又套嵌一个由介词with+which 弓丨导的定语从句with which we arecomparing our subjects 修饰先行词the scale。scale在此处意为"尺度、衡量标准" 。 译文：既然对智力的评估相比较而言的，那么我们必须确保，在对我们的对象进行比较时，我们所用的尺度能够提供"有效的"或"公平的"比较。 3. In general，the tests work most effectively when thequalities to be measured can be most precisely defined and least effectivelywhen what is to be measured or predicted can be not well defined. 结构分析: 句子的框架是the tests work mosteffectively when …and least effectively when …。and 连接两个并列分句，每个并列分句中皆有一个when 弓导的时间状语从句分别说明work most effectively和and (work) least effectively。第二个时间状语从句中还有一个主语从句what…predicted。 the tests是主句的主语，work为动词做谓语。qualities在此处是可数名词，不译为"质量"，而译为"特征" 。defined 不能直译为"被定义为" ，而应译为主动语态"界定" 。译文：一般来说，当所需要测定的特征能被精确界定时，测试最为有效;而当所测定或预测 的东西不能被明确界定时，测试效果最差。 4. For example ，they do not compensate for gross socialinequality ，and thus do not tell how able
句子一： For example, they do not compensate for gross social inequality, and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been had he grown up under more favorable circumstances. 句子分析： 第一、句子可以拆分为三段：For example, they do not compensate for gross social inequality, / and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been / had he grown up under more favorable circumstances. 第二、句子的结构： 1)主干结构是并列句they do not compensate for..., and thus do not tell... 2) how able是表语前置，正常语序是：an underprivileged youngster might have been how able 3)最后一个句子是虚拟语气句的倒装结构：had he grown up under more favorable circumstances等于If he had grown up under more favorable circumstances 第三、词的处理： hey 指示代词，测试 compensate for 弥补 gross social inequality 明显的社会不公 and thus 因此 ell 说明 underprivileged 贫困的、物质条件差的
1. This will be particularly true since energy pinch will make it difficult to continue agriculture in the high-energy American fashion that makes it possible to combine few farmers with high yields. 结构分析:句子的主干是This will be particularly true…。since引导原因状语从句。此从句中又套嵌一个由关系代词that引导的定语从句，修饰the high-energy American fashion。在定语从句中，that做主语，makes做谓语，it做形式宾语，不定式短语to combine few farmers with high yields则是真正的宾语（不定式短语内部to combine是主干，few farmers是宾语，with high yields 是状语），possible做宾语补足语。this指代前句中提到的这种困境。energy pinch译为“能源的匮乏”;in…fashion译为“用…方法、方式”。 译文：这种困境将是确定无疑的，因为能源的匮乏，高能量消耗这种美国耕种方式将很难在农业中继续下去，而这种耕种方式使投入少数农民就可获得高产成为可能。 2. Now since the assessment of intelligence is a comparative matter，we must be sure that the scale with which we are comparing our subjects provides a“valid”or“fair”comparison. 结构分析:句子的主干是we must be sure…。since引导原因状语从句the assessment of intelligence is a comparative matter。主句中又有that引导的宾语从句that the scale with which we are comparing our subjects provides a“valid”or“fair”comparison。此宾语从句中又套嵌一个由介词with+which引导的定语从句with which we are comparing our subjects 修饰先行词the scale。scale在此处意为“尺度、衡量标准”。 译文：既然对智力的评估相比较而言的，那么我们必须确保，在对我们的对象进行比较时，我们所用的尺度能够提供“有效的”或“公平的”比较。 精品文档
历年考研英语真题长难句解析
历年考研英语真题长难句解析 1. This is no flash in the pan; over the past couple of years, inflation has been consistently lower than expected in Britain and America. 【译文】这不是昙花一现。在过去几年里，英国和美国的通货膨胀率始终低于预测水平。 【析句】这是一个并列句，前后用分号隔开两个子句，是递进关系。在第一句中，no可以用not a代替。在后一个句子中，inflation 是主语，lower是谓语系动词的表语， than expected和in Britain and America，以及前面的over the past couple of years都是介词短语作状语。 【讲词】a flash in the pan意为"昙花一现的人或事"。Many people believe that the young singer is a flash in the pan.(许多人认为那位歌手红不了多久。) When I first heard the news,I too dismissed it as a flash in the pan.(我一开始听到这个消息时，也认为这事长不了。) 2. Economists have been particularly surprised by favourable inflation figures in Britain and the United States,since conventional measures suggest that both economies,and especially America's,have little productive slack. 【译文】经济学家对英美两国有利的通胀率感到特别诧异，因为传统的计量方法表明两国经济，特别是美国经济几乎没有生产萧条的时
1.Surely it should be obvious to the dimmest executive that trust, that most valuable of economic assets, is easily destroyed and hugely expensive to restore—and that few things are more likely to destroy trust than a company letting sensitive personal data get into the wrong hands. 2.Foreigners who understand the degree to which Americans are imbued with the notion that the free, self-reliant individual is the ideal kind of human being will be able to understand many aspects of American behavior and thinking that otherwise might not make sense. 3. As families move away from their stable community, their friends of many years, their extended family relationships, the informal flow of information is cut off, and with it the confidence that information will be available when needed and will be trust worthy and reliable. 4. Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician -assisted suicide, the Court in effect supported the medical principle of "double effect”, a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects-a good o ne that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen-is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect. (2002, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text4) 5. Meanwhile, the theft of information about some 40 million credit-card accounts in America disclosed on June 17th, overshadowed a hugely important decision a day earlier by America’s Federal Trade Commission (FTC) that puts corporate America on notice that regulators will act if firms fail to provide adequate data security. (2007, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 4) 6. He points out that he always expected much difficulty in expressing himself
历年考研英语真题长难句解析(五) 13.But he talked as well about the balanced struggle between creative freedom and social responsibility, and he announced that the company would launch a drive to develop standards for distribution and labeling of potentially objectionable music. 句子主干：But he talked as well about …, and he announced that… 语法难点：该句没有从句结构，而是由and连接的两个并列成分构成。用would是因为表达了某人的主观态度和意愿。 句子翻译：但他也谈到了创作自由与社会责任之间要努力保持均衡这一问题。他宣布公司将尽力对可能招致大众反对的音乐制定各种发行和标识的标准 翻译技巧：虽然没有从句结构，但是由于句子太长，有众多的修饰成分，所以建议还是拆为两句较好。 14.Average inflation in the big seven industrial economies fell to a mere 2.3% last year, close to its lowest level in 30 years, before rising slightly to 2.5% this July. 句子主干：Average inflation…fell to a mere…, close to its…, before 语法难点：有省略。 close to分句是非限定性定语从句，省略了which was.Before后面的成分是对全句的补充说明，是状语成分。状语成分可以置句首，也可以置句末，并无定规。之所以用rising,是因为这里需要一个名次性的结构the inflation which was,这样显得简洁得多。 句子翻译：七大工业国家的通货膨胀率去年下降到了2.3%,接近30年来最低水平，今年7月才小幅上涨到2.5%,比许多国家70年代和80年代两位数低了很多。 翻译技巧：the big seven industrial economies是指西方七大工业国。close to是靠近的意思。fall to是跌落至……的意思。 15.Economists have been particularly surprised by favorable inflation figures in Britain and the United States, since conventional measures suggest that both economies, and especially America''s, have little productive slack. 句子主干：Economists have been…surprised by…and…, since…, and especially…, have … 语法难点：主句用现在完成时have been…是因为经济学家长时间以来关注，现在也在关注，是一个从过去持续到现在的动作。Since引导的是表原因的状语从句。 句子翻译：特别让经济学家感到诧异的是，英美两国的通货膨胀带来的是良性的结果，因为传统的分析方法表明，两国尤其是美国的经济生产几乎没有出现滑坡。 翻译技巧：favorable表示的是非常好的，不是非常喜欢的，与个人取向没有关系。productive slack是生产滑坡的意思。 句子翻译：这类人持极端看法，认为人与动物在各相关方面都不相同，对待动物无须考虑道德问题。 翻译技巧：in every relevant respect译成各相关方面，不要把respect 译成尊重；extremists为极端主义者；let outside the area of moral choice译成不在道德范围内，不关乎道德.