Lesson 93 A noble gift 崇高的礼物
Where was the Statue of Liberty made?
One of the most famous monuments in the world, the Statue of Liberty, was presented to the United States of America in the nineteenth century by the people of France. The great statue, which was designed by the sculptor Auguste Bartholdi, took ten years to complete. The actual figure was made of copper supported by a metal framework which had been especially constructed by Eiffel. Before it could be transported to the United States, a site had to be found for it and a pedestal had to be built. The site chosen was an island at the entrance of New York Harbour. By 1884, a statue which was 151 feet tall had been erected in Paris. The following year, it was taken to pieces and sent to America. By the end of October 1886, the statue had been put together again and it was officially presented to the American people by Bartholdi. Ever since then, the great monument has been a symbol of liberty for the millions of people who have passed through New York Harbour to make their homes in America.
参考译文
世界上最着名的纪念碑之一的自由女神雕像是在19世纪时由法国人民赠送给美国的。这座由雕像家奥古斯特.巴索尔地设计的巨大雕像是用10年时间雕像刻成的。这座雕像的主体是用铜制成的，由艾菲尔特制的金属框架支撑着。在雕像被运往美国之前，必须为它选好一块场地，同时必须建造一个基座。场地选在了纽约港入口处的一个鸟上。到1884年，一座高度达151英尺的雕像在巴黎竖立起来了。第二年，它被拆成若干小块，运到美国。到1886年10月底，这座雕像被重新组装起来，由巴索尔地正式赠送给美国人民。从那时起，这座伟大的纪念碑对通过纽约港进入美国定居的千百万人来说就一直是自由的象征。
【New words and expressions】（13）
★ noble（1）adj. 高尚的，高贵的
←→ ignoble ?[ig?n?ub?l] a.卑鄙的
a noble mind 崇高的思想
（2） adj. 贵族的、高贵的
a man of noble birth 出身高贵的人； a noble family 名门望族
（3）壮丽的、庄严的、宏伟的 a noble oak 一颗极大的橡树
★ monument（1）n. 纪念碑
a monument to soldiers killed in the war 阵亡将士纪念碑.
eg：People erected a monument in his honor .
人们为了纪念他，为他建立一个纪念碑。
（2） n. 史迹、遗迹
an ancient monument 古代遗迹； a national monument 自然纪念物
（3）n. 不朽的成就、丰功伟业
★ statue n. 雕像
a bronze statue 铜像； a statue of Buddha 佛像
the Statue of Liberty 自由女神像
statuesque [.st?tju'esk] ?adj. 雕像般的, 均衡的, 轮廓极美的
a statuette 小雕像
★ liberty（1） n. 自由、解放
religious liberty 宗教自由
eg：Give me liberty , or give me death . 不自由,毋宁死!
（2） n. 自由、权力
civil liberties 民权、civil liberty的复数
eg：You have the liberty to vote . 你有自由投票权
（3）随便、任意、不客气
take a liberty ＝ be guilty of a liberty 无礼
take the liberty of doing sth ＝ take the liberty to do sth冒昧地做某事eg：I take the liberty to us use you phone . 我冒昧地用你的电话
set sb at liberty 释放； set a hostage at liberty 释放一个人质
★ present ?[pri?zent,] （1）v. 赠送、贡献、呈递
present sth to sb ＝ present sb with sth 将….赠送某人
eg：The principal presented a diploma to each of the graduates .
＝ The principal presented each of the graduates with a diploma .
校长把毕业生的文凭一ㄧ授予给毕业生。
eg：The prize was presented to the winner . 奖被颁给获胜者。
＝ The winner was presented with the prize .
（2）v. 提出、交出、显示
eg：I presented the letter of introduction to the receptionist .
我将介绍信交给了接待员。
present a calm face 不露生色
★ sculptor n. 雕刻家
sculpture n. 雕刻术、雕刻品
eg：He studies sculpture . 他学习雕刻术
eg：He made a beautiful sculpture . 他雕刻了一个漂亮的作品。
★ actual adj. 实际的，真实的
an actual happening 真实的事件
the actual conditions 现实的情况
eg：The actual price was lower than I had thought .
实际价格低于我索推想的。
in actual fact 实际上
actuality ?[?kt?u'?liti] ?n. 实在, 现实, 现状
in actuality 实际上; 事实上
actually adv. （1）实际上、事实上
eg：Did you actually see the accident ？你真的看到这起事故？
eg：He looked calm , but actually he was very nervous .
他看起来平静，但实际上很紧张。
（2） adv. 真的、竟然
eg：That big-bodied Tom actually fainted at the scene .
大块头汤姆竟然晕倒在现场。
★ copper（1）n. 铜
（2）铜币 penny 便士； halfpenny 半便士
（3）（口语）警察俚语中用 cop
★ support（1） v. 支持，支撑
eg：That bench won’t support four people .这长板凳无法支撑四个人。
eg： Tom was supported by his friend on either side .
汤姆两侧都有朋友扶持着。
eg：I don’t support his opinion that the defense expend iture must be increased . 我不赞成他增加防御开支的观点。
（2）v. 扶养、赡养
eg：He supports a large family . 他养一个大家族。
（3） n. 支撑、支持、支撑物
eg：The table has three supports . 这个桌子只有三只脚。
eg：The bridge will fall down if we don’t add more support .
如果我们不添加更多的支撑物这座桥会跨下来。
（4）n. 维持生技计、维持生计者
eg：Father is the chief support of my family . 父亲是我们家的维持生计者。
a mean of support 维持生计的方法
★ framework（1）n. 构架，框架
（2） n.构造、机构、组织
the framework of society 社会结构
＊ frame （1） n. 骨架 the frame of a ship 船的骨架
the frame of a car 车的骨架
eg：The frame of the house was completed in a week.
房子骨架在一个星期内完成。
（2）n.（窗等的）框架、装饰框
eg：The paintings in the museum have gold frames around them .
在博物馆里的画周围用金框装饰。
（3） n.体格
a person with a strong frame 一个具有强壮体格的人。
★ transport（1）v. 运送、输送
eg：The yellow bus transports passengers from the airport to the city .黄色的公共汽车运输旅客从机场到城市。
eg：The goods were transported by plane . 空运货物。
eg：The goods were transported by ship . 用船运货物。
be transported with 为……心荡神驰
eg：He was transported with joy . 他喜不自胜。
（2）transport n. 输送、运送、交通工具＝ transportation （美）
the transportation of vegetables to distant parts of the country.
＝ the transport of vegetables to distant parts of the country
蔬菜运输到遥远的地方的地区
eg：Have you got transport to the party ？去参加宴会你有交通工具？
★ site（1）n. 场地
eg：The site for the new school has been bought .
working site 工地
（2） n. 地点、现场
the site of an old palace 旧宫殿的地址
cite 引用、举例； sight 视野、视线
★ pedestal（1）n. 底座
（2）n. 桌子（两侧有抽屉）的支撑
put a person on a pedestal 崇拜某人
＝ set a person on a pedestal
被动语态：
构成： be + done
will be done must be done
can be done may be done
could be done might be done
【Text】
Where was the Statue of Liberty made?
One of the most famous monuments in the world, the Statue of Liberty, was presented to the United States of America in the nineteenth century by the people of France. The great statue, which was designed by the sculptor Auguste Bartholdi, took ten years to complete. The actual figure was made of copper supported by a metal framework which had been especially constructed by Eiffel. Before it could be transported to the United States, a site had to be found for it and a pedestal had to be built. The site chosen was an island at the entrance of New York Harbour. By 1884, a statue which was 151 feet tall had been erected in Paris. The following year, it was taken to pieces and sent to America. By the end of October 1886, the statue had been put together again and it was officially presented to the American people by Bartholdi. Ever since then, the great monument has been a symbol of liberty for the millions of people who have passed through New York Harbour to make their homes in America.
★ One of the most famous monuments in the world, the Statue of Liberty, was presented to the United States of America in the nineteenth century by the people of France.
世界上最着名的纪念碑之一的自由女神雕像是在19世纪时由法国人民赠送给美国的。
※ was presented to 被赠送
present n.?[‘prez?nt] n. 礼物v. ?[pri’zent,] 赠送
accent n.?[‘?ks?nt] 口音v. [?k’sent]重读
conduct n. ?[‘k?nd?kt] n.行为；管理(方式) v. [k?n'd?kt] 为人
contest n.?[‘k?ntest] 竞赛v. ?[k?n’test,] 竞争、争辩
contrast n. ['k?ntr?st] 对比 v. [k?n'tr?st]使对比
export n.?['eksp?:t] 出口 v.??[eks'p?:t]
import n.?[‘imp?:t] v. [im’p?:t,] 进口
increase n. ?[‘inkri:s] v. ?[in’kri:s] 增加
insult n. [?’ins?lt] v. [in’s?lt] 侮辱
produce n. [‘pr?dju:s] 产量v.[pr?’dju:s] 生产
protest n.?[‘pr?utest] 抗议书v.?[pr?’test] 抗议
record n. [‘rek?:d] 录音v. [ri’k?:d] (将声音等)录下
transport n. [‘tr?nsp?:t] n. 运输 v.?[tr?ns'p?:t] ? 运输
The great statue, which was designed by the sculptor Auguste Bartholdi, took ten years to complete.这座由雕像家奥古斯特.巴索尔地设计的巨大雕像是用10年时间雕像刻成的。
※take …to do 花……去做
eg：It took us thirty minutes to walk from here to the station .
就从这里步行到车站，我们花了三十分钟。
eg：It took him a lot of money to buy a fur coat .
他花了很多钱，买了一件裘皮大衣。
eg：It will take a lot of courage to tell the truth .
说出真相这将需要很多的勇气。
The actual figure was made of copper supported by a metal framework which had been especially constructed by Eiffel.
这座雕像的主体是用铜制成的，由艾菲尔特制的金属框架支撑着。
Before it could be transported to the United States, a site had to be found for it and a pedestal had to be built.
在雕像被运往美国之前，必须为它选好一块场地，同时必须建造一个基座。
The site chosen was an island at the entrance of New York Harbour.
场地选在了纽约港入口处的一个鸟上。
※ at the entrance of 入口处
entrance 入口←→ exit 出口
By 1884, a statue which was 151 feet tall had been erected in Paris.
到1884年，一座高度达151英尺的雕像在巴黎竖立起来了。
※ erect（1） v. 建造 build
eg：They’re planning to erect a monument . 他们正筹划竖立一座纪念碑
（2） v. 竖立、竖起
erect a tent 搭起帐篷； erect a flagpole 竖旗杆
（3）adj. 竖直的、直立的 upright ?[‘?prait]
eg：She was sitting erect . 她正襟危坐。
The following year, it was taken to pieces and sent to America.
第二年，它被拆成若干小块，运到美国。
the following year ＝ the next year 第二年
take ……to pie ces 把某物拆卸开
come to pieces 瓦解(粉碎, 成为画饼)
in one piece 完整无损的
piece by piece 一部分一部分地, 一件件地, 逐渐地
tear …to pieces 将……撕成碎片
eg：He tore the letter to pieces . 他把信撕得粉碎。
By the end of October 1886, the statue had been put together again and it was officially presented to the American people by Bartholdi.
到1886年10月底，这座雕像被重新组装起来，由巴索尔地正式赠送给美国人民。
※put ……together 放在一起；组织在一起
officially 官方地, 正式地, 公务上, 职务上
eg：They attended the ceremony officially . 他们正式出席了这个仪式。
Ever since then, the great monument has been a symbol of liberty for the millions of people who have
passed through New York Harbour to make their homes in America.
从那时起，这座伟大的纪念碑对通过纽约港进入美国定居的千百万人来说就一直是自由的象征。※ symbol （1） n. 像征
the symbol of peace 和平的象征
eg：A Pimple is a symbol of youth. 青春痘是青春的象征。
（2） n. 符号 phonetic symbols 音标
eg：♀is a symbol for female , and ♂for male .
♀是女性的象征，♂是男性的象征。
※ millions of 数以百万计； thousands of 成千上万的
hundreds of 数以百计,许多、成千上百的
※make one’s home 定居＝ settle down
home （1） n. 家
a home away from home ＝ home from home 宾至如归得地方
（2） adj. 像家一样的
home cooking 家常菜； home life 家庭生活； the home office 总公司
（3） adv.
go home 回家； stay home 留在家里； drive home 开车回家
was the statue presented b ？
A. from b. by c. to at
2. Copper is a kind of d .
a. stone
b. marble 大理石
c. wood
d. metal 金属
3. It’s a symbol of liberty . It b liberty .
a. replaces 替换、取代
b. stands for 代表、象征
c. is a representative 是……的代表
d. is an agent for 是……的代理人
4. From his b I judged that he was a man of some education .
a. voice 嗓音（天声）
b. accent 口音、口气
c. sound 声音（泛指所有声音）
d. dialect 方言（与地域有关）
1. Key structures：被动语态：
eg：The statue had been put together again . 这座雕像被重新组装起来
2. Main Points：
be presented to 被赠送给； be transported to 被运送到
at the entrance of sth ＝ at the entrance to sth 在入口处
take sth to pieces 把某物拆成若干小块； put together 组装
make one’s home 寓居、安家
1. All I want is a proper cup of coffee . Made in a proper copper coffee pot . you can believe it or not . But I just want a cup of coffee in a proper coffee pot . Tin coffee pots or iron coffee pots are no use to me . if I can’t have a proper cup of coffee in a proper copper coffee pot , I’ll have a cup of tea .
＊ proper ?[‘pr?p?] a.适合的；正当的；固有的；严格意义上的
＊ tin ?[tin] n.锡；罐头＊iron [‘ai?n]n.铁
＊ no use 没用＊copper ?[‘k?p?] n.铜；铜币
2. A clipper ship shipped several clipped sheep . Were there clipped sheep the clipper ship’s sheep ？Or just clipped sheep shipped on a clipper’s ship ！
＊ clipper ?['klip?] ?n.快速横帆船＊ shipped 装运
＊ clipped adj. 剪过羊毛的
＊ sheep ?[?i:p] n.(绵)羊；易受人摆布的人
真空泵是用各种方法在某一封闭空间中产生、改善和维持真空的装置。真空泵可以定义为：利用机械、物理、化学或物理化学的方法对被抽容器进行抽气而获得真空的器件或设备。随着真空应用的发展，真空泵的种类已发展了很多种，其抽速从每秒零点几升到每秒几十万、数百万升。极限压力(极限真空)从粗真空到10-12Pa以上的超高真空范围。 由于真空应用部门所涉及的工作压力的范围很宽，因此任何一种类型的真空泵都不可能完全适用于所有的工作压力范围，只能根据不同的工作压力范围和不同的工作要求，使用不同类型的真空泵。为了使用方便和各种真空工艺过程的需要，有时将各种真空泵按其性能要求组合起来，以机组型式应用。 凡是利用机械运动(转动或滑动)以获得真空的泵，称为机械真空泵。机械真空泵按其工作原理及结构特点分述如下： 1、变容真空泵 它是利用泵腔容积的周期变化来完成吸气和排气以达到抽气目的的真空泵。气体在排出泵腔前被压缩。这种泵分为往复式及旋转式两种。 (1)往复式真空泵 利用泵腔内活塞往复运动，将气体吸入、压缩并排出。又称为活塞式真空泵。 (2)旋转式真空泵 利用泵腔内转子部件的旋转运动将气体吸入、压缩并排出。它大致有如下几种分类： a、油封式真空泵 它是利用真空泵油密封泵内各运动部件之间的间隙，减少泵内有害空间的一种旋转变容真空泵。这种泵通常带有气镇装置。它主要包括旋片式真空泵、定片式真空泵、滑阀式真空泵、余摆线真空泵等。 b、液环真空泵 将带有多叶片的转子偏心装在泵壳内。当它旋转时，把工作液体抛向泵壳形成与泵壳同心的液环，液环同转子叶片形成了容积周期变化的几个小的旋转变容吸排气腔。工作液体通常为水或油，所以亦称为水环式真空泵或油环式真空泵。 c、干式真空泵 它是一种泵内不用油类(或液体)密封的变容真空泵。由于干式真空泵泵腔内不需要工作液体，因此，适用于半导体行业、化学工业、制药工业及食品行业等需要无油清洁真空环境的工艺场合。 d、罗茨真空泵 泵内装有两个相反方向同步旋转的双叶形或多叶形的转子。转子间、转子同泵壳内壁之间均保持一定的间隙。 2、动量传输泵 它依靠高速旋转的叶片或高速射流，把动量传输给气体或气体分子，使气体连续不断地从泵的入口传输到出口。这类泵可分为以下几种形式： (1)分子真空泵 它是利用高速旋转的转子把动量传输给气体分子，使之获得定向速度，从而被压缩、被驱向排气口后为前级抽走的一种真空泵。这种泵具体可分为： a、牵引分子泵
Finding fossil man 发现化?石?人 Why are legends handed down by storytellers useful? We can read of things that happened 5,000 years ago in the Near East, where people first learned to write. But there are some parts of the world where even now people cannot write. The only way that they can preserve their history is to recount it as sagas -- legends handed down from one generation of storytellers to another. These legends are useful because they can tell us something about migrations of people who lived long ago, but none could write down what they did. Anthropologists wondered where the remote ancestors of the Polynesian peoples now living in the Pacific Islands came from. The sagas of these people explain that some of them came from Indonesia about 2,000 years ago. But the first people who were like ourselves lived so long ago that even their sagas, if they had any, are forgotten. So archaeologists have neither history nor legends to help them to find out where the first 'modern men' came from. Fortunately, however, ancient men made tools of stone, especially flint, because this is easier to shape than other kinds. They may also have used wood and skins, but these have rotted away. Stone does not decay, and so the tools of long ago have remained when even the bones of the men who made them have disappeared without trace. 读到flint 打?火?石anthropomorphic ?人格 化拟1anthropo ?人类 的让步?一?一trace back date back read of read about a trace of ?一些
真空泵选型 真空泵的作用就是从真空室中抽除气体分子，降低真空室内的气体压力，使之达到要求的真空度。概括地讲从大气到极高真空有一个很大的范围，至今为止还没有一种真空系统能覆盖这个范围。因此，为达到不同产品的工艺指标、工作效率和设备工作寿命要求、不同的真空区段需要选择不同的真空系统配置。为达到最佳配置，选择真空系统时，应考虑下述各点： 确定工作真空范围: ----首先必须检查确定每一种工艺要求的真空度。因为每一种工艺都有其适应的真空度范围，必须认真研究确定之。 确定极限真空度 ----在确定了工艺要求的真空度的基础上检查真空泵系统的极限真空度，因为系统的极限真空度决定了系统的最佳工作真空度。一般来讲，系统的极限真空度比系统的工作真空度低20%，比前级泵的极限真空度低50%。 被抽气体种类与抽气量 检查确定工艺要求的抽气种类与抽气量。因为如果被抽气体种类与泵内液体发生反应，泵系统将被污染。同时必须考虑确定合适的排气时间与抽气过程中产生的气体量。 真空容积 检查确定达到要求的真空度所需要的时间、真空管道的流阻与泄漏。 考虑达到要求真空度后在一定工艺要求条件下维持真空需要的抽气速率。 主真空泵的选择计算 S=2.303V/tLog(P1/P2) 其中： S为真空泵抽气速率(L/s) V为真空室容积（L） t为达到要求真空度所需时间(s)
P1为初始真空度(Torr) P2为要求真空度(Torr) 例如： V=500L t=30s P1=760Torr P2=50Torr 则: S=2.303V/t Log(P1/P2) =2.303x500/30xLog(760/50) =35.4L/s 当然上式只是理论计算结果，还有若干变量因素未考虑进去，如管道流阻、泄漏、过滤器的流阻、被抽气体温度等。实际上还应当将安全系数考虑在内。目前工业中应用最多的是水环式真空泵和旋片式真空泵等 一般的要求是： 1、真空度、真空容积、主要介质、温度、主要容积类设备。 2、真空流入介质及流量、压力、温度、规律。 3、抽气量、抽出气体介质、温度。 4、真空设备的占地面积、自动化程度、真空管道规格 选用真空泵时需要注意事项： 1、真空泵的工作压强应该满足真空设备的极限真空及工作压强要求。如：真空镀膜要求1×10-5mmHg的真空度，选用的真空泵的真空度至少要5×10-6mmHg。通常选择泵的真空度要高于真空设备真空度半个到一个数量级。 2、正确地选择真空泵的工作点。每种泵都有一定的工作压强范围，如：扩散泵为10-3~10-7mmHg，在这样宽压强范围内，泵的抽速随压强而变化，其稳定的工作压强范围为5×10-4~5×10-6mmHg。因而，泵的工作点应该选在这个范围之内，而不能让它在10-8mmHg下长期工作。又如钛升华泵可以在10-2mmHg下工作，但其工作压强应小于1×10-5mmHg为好。
《新概念英语》第二册就讲了这么几种时态相对于第一册的时态学习，到了第二册，时态仍然是重要的学习内容，但其比重已经降低，第二册在新增了一些时态的学习的同时，更多强调的是如何去运用在第一册中已经学过的内容，同时相比与第一册偏重听说能力的培养而言，更偏重对学生读写能力的培养。 为此，我们还是先来温习一下上一篇文章的内容： 英语动词的时态总共有16种，是由动作发生的时间（动词的时，即tense：location in time）和动词采用的不同形式（动词的体，即aspect：a single block of time, continuous flow of time, or repetitive occurrence）来决定的，请看表一： 表一 为了便于大家教与学，小编现对第一册的课文进行了汇总分析，发现第一册里总共就讲了七种时态（其中，一般将来时分了两种情况，即be going to和will/shall），这些时态在书中依次出现的顺序是：现在进行时、一般将来时（be going to）、一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时、一般将来时（will/shall）、过去进行时、过去完成时。下表汇总了这些时态在教材中所覆盖的课文及其简单说明，以便大家在教与学中，更好地前后连贯起来，请看表二： 表二
以上为第一册的内容，而第二册所要学习的时态数量就更多了，当然比重更大的还是在复习第一册学过的时态。下表汇总了第二册的所有需要复习和新学的时态，请看表三： 表三
把表一和表三进行对比，可以看出，第一册和第二册都没有涉及的时态有4种，即过去将来时、过去将来进行时、过去将来完成时、过去将来完成进行时。看来人们一般不大会玩穿越，回到较远的过去，然后在这个较远的过去的某个时刻开始，畅想更近的过去将做什么、将在做什么、将做完什么、将已经在做什么了（光这么说起来就已经够变扭的了，呵呵）。 与第一册相比，第二册新增了5种时态，即将来进行时、将来完成时、将来完成进行时、现在完成进行时和过去完成进行时，这也是第二册时态教与学的重点和难点。
Lesson 40 Food and talk进餐与交谈 Was Mrs. Rumbold a good companion at dinner? Last week at a dinner party, the hostess asked me to sit next to Mrs. Rumbold. Mrs. Rumbold was a large, unsmiling lady in a tight black dress. She did not even look up when I took my seat beside her. Her eyes were fixed on her plate and in a short time, she was busy eating. I tried to make conversation. 'A new play is coming to "The Globe" soon,' I said. 'Will you be seeing it?' 'No,' she answered. 'Will you be spending your holidays abroad this year?' I asked. 'No,' she answered. 'Will you be staying in England?' I asked. 'No,' she answered. In despair, I asked her whether she was enjoying her dinner. 'Young man,' she answered, 'if you ate more and talked less, we would both enjoy our dinner!" 参考译文 在上星期的一次宴会上，女主人安排我坐在兰伯尔德夫人的身旁。兰伯尔德夫人是一位身材高大、表情严肃的女人，穿一件紧身的黑衣服。当我在她身旁坐下来的时候，她甚至连头都没有抬一下。她的眼睛盯着自己的盘子，不一会儿就忙着吃起来了。我试图找个话题和她聊聊。 “一出新剧要来‘环球剧场’上演了，”我说，“您去看吗？” “不，”她回答。 “您今年去国外度假吗？”我又问。 “不，”她回答。 “您就呆在英国吗？”我问。 “不，”她回答。 失望之中我问她饭是否吃得满意。 “年轻人，”她回答说，“如果你多吃点，少说点，我们两个都会吃得好的！” —、单词讲解New words and expressions host 1)n．待客的主人 hostess 女主人 the host nation 东道国，主办国 例: China is the host nation of the 2008 0lympic Games. 中国时2008奥运会的主办国。
【知识点讲解】 1. next-door neighbour 意思是隔壁邻居。 2. R.A.F 是 the Royal Air Force 英国皇家空军的简写; 3. next month, 下个月;the month after next ，下下个月;the week after next ，下下周。 Lesson93 Nigel is our new next-door neighbour. He's a pilot. He was in the R.A.F. He will fly to New York next month. The month after next he'll fly to Tokyo. At the moment, he's in Madrid. He flew to Spain a week ago. He'll return to London the week after next. He's only forty-one years old, and he has already been to nearly every country in the world. Nigel is a very lucky man. But his wife isn't very lucky. She usually stays at home! 奈杰尔是我们新搬来的隔壁邻居。他是个飞行员。 他曾在皇家空军任职。 下个月他将飞往纽约。 再下个月他将飞往东京。 现在他在马德里。他是一星期以前飞到西班牙的。 再下个星期他将返回伦敦。 他只有41岁，但他却去过世界上几乎每一个国家。 奈杰尔是个很幸运的人。但他的妻子运气不很好。她总是呆在家里!
新概念英语第二册：第93课课文详解及语法解析 课文详注 Further notes on the text 1.One of the most famous monuments in the world, the Statue of Liberty, was presented to… by the people of France. 世界上最的纪念碑之一的自由女神雕像是……由法国人民赠送给……的。 (1)one of 引导的短语(其后面名词要用复数)与 the Statue of…为同位语。 (2)the people 通常指某个国家的人民，指复数的“人们”时通常不用 the： It was officially presented to the American people by Bartholdi. 它由巴索尔地正式赠送给美国人民。 He never pays attention to what people say. 他从不在乎人们会说什么。 A lot of / Few people went to their wedding. 许多/没几个人参加(了)他们的婚礼。 2.The actual figure was made of copper… 这座雕像的主体是用铜制成的…… made of 指用某种材料制成，并且原材料的性质或形状没变，从成品可以看出其原材料。(cf.第10课词汇学习) 3.it was taken to pieces，它被拆成若干小块。
take…to pieces 为固定短语，表示“把……拆开/拆散”： When the machine broke down again, some mechanics took it to pieces. 当那台机器再次出毛病时，一些新概念师便把它拆开了。 This machine is too large to be transported in whole. It has to be taken to pieces first. 这台机器太大了，无法整个地运送，得把它先拆开。 4.the statue had been put together again，这座雕像被重新组装起来。 put… together 为固定短语(是take…to pieces的反义词)，表示“把……装配/组合起来”：They managed to put the machine together. 他们设法把那台机器组装了起来。 I can't put the broken vase together. 我无法把那打碎的花瓶重新拼起来。 5.to make their homes in America，在美国安家落户。make one's home 表示“定居”、 “居住”： Ian (has) left England and made his home in China. 伊恩已离开英国，并在中国安了家。
The modern city 现代城市 In the organization of industrial life the in?uence of the factory upon the physiological and mental state of the workers has been completely neglected. Modern industry is based on the conception of the maximum production at lowest cost, in order that an individual or a group of individuals may earn as much money as possible. It has expanded without any idea of the true nature of the human beings who run the machines, and without giving any consideration to the effects produced on the individuals and on their descendants by the arti?cial mode of existence imposed by the factory. The great cities have been built with no regard for us. The shape and dimensions of the skyscrapers depend entirely on the necessity of obtaining the maximum income per square foot of ground, and of offering to the tenants of?ces and apartments that please them. This caused the construction of gigantic buildings where too large masses of human beings are crowded together. Civilized men like such a way of living. While they enjoy the comfort and banal luxury of their dwelling, they do not realize that they are deprived of the necessities of life. The modern city consists of monstrous edi?ces and of dark, narrow streets full of petrol fumes and toxic gases, torn by the noise of the taxicabs, lorries and buses, and thronged ceaselessly by great crowds. Obviously, it has not been planned for the good of its inhabitants. ?一理理的 代 ?人造的?生存?方式隺加规模 I 平庸的 ?一倒夺巨?大的?大厦南满拥塞without any idea of 完全忽视without giving any consideration to
真空泵基础知识及选型指导 一、基础知识 1、真空的概念 “真空”一词来自拉丁语“vacuum”，原意为“虚无”、“空的”。真空是指在给定空间内低于环境大气压力的气体状态，即该空间内的气体分子密度低于该地区大气压力的气体分子密度，并不是没有物质的空间。水环真空泵应用于低真空（105—103 Pa）领域 2、真空的测量单位 在真空技术中，表示处于真空状态下气体稀薄程度的量称为真空度，可用压力、分子数密度、平均自由程和形成一个单分子层的时间常数等来表征，但通常用气体的压力（剩余压力）值来表示。气体压力越低，表示真空度越高；反之，压力越高，真空度越低。 法定的压力计量单位为帕［帕斯卡］，符号为Pa 1Pa=1N.m-2 此外，还可用真空度的百分数作测量单位。 δ——真空度百分数（%）P——绝对压力（Pa）Pb-P 表示真空压力表读数，表压力（用Pe表示）真空度百分数δ（%）与压力P对照表 3、单位换算 1atm（标准大气压）=1013.25hPa（百帕） 1mmHg（毫米汞柱）=1Torr（托）=1.333 hPa（百帕） 1bar（巴）=1000 hPa（百帕） 1mbar（毫巴）=1 hPa（百帕）
１inHg（英寸汞柱）=25.4mmHg（毫米汞柱）=33.8 hPa（百帕） 4、相关术语 ◇气量——水环真空泵的气量是指入口在给定真空度下，出口为大气压1013.25hPa时，单位时间通过泵人口的吸入状态下的气体容积，m3/min 或m3/h 。 ◇最大气量——水环真空泵的最大气量是指气量曲线上的气量最大值，m3/min或m3/h。 ◇真空度（或称作压力）——水环真空泵的真空泵是指入口处在真空状态下气体的稀薄程度，以绝对压力表示，Pa、hPa、kPa。 ◇极限真空度（或称作极限压力）——水环真空泵的极限真空度是指入口处气量为零时的真空度，Pa、hPa、kPa。 ◇压缩比——吸入压力下气体容积与压缩后气体容积之比 ◇饱和蒸汽压——在给定温度下，某种物质的蒸汽与其凝聚相处于相平衡状态下的该种物质的蒸汽压力。 二、选型指导 真空泵的工作压力应该满足真空设备的极限真空及工作压力要求。通常选择泵的真空度要高于真空设备真空度半个到一个数量级。2BVX、2BEX 系列真空泵吸气压力范围在33hPa——1013.25 hPa之间，在此范围内，气量随吸气压力的不同而变化。根据气量和真空度选择合适的泵。保证工艺要求的真空度或抽走需要排走的气体。泵的工作点尽可能要求在高效区
新概念一 Lesson93~L94 课内语法 新课内容：一、单词：拼读、过关、讲解 1.pilot n. 领港员；领航员；引水员；舵手；航海指南 eg. He is a pilot. 他是个飞行员。 2.return vi. 回来；返回：return home safe and sound平安回家 return to 回到… eg. He' ll return to London. 他将返回伦敦。 vt. 还，归还，送还,退还eg: I returned the book to him.（=I returned him the book.）我把那本书还给他了。 3.New York n.纽约（美国州名）；纽约（市），（美国城市）（=New York City） eg. He will fly to New York next month. 下个月他将飞往纽约。 4.Tokyo n.东京（日本首都）eg. He will fly to Tokyo. 他将飞往东京。 5.Madrid n.马德里（西班牙首都）eg. He is in Madrid . 他在马德里。 6.fly： fly to+ 地点飞往...... eg: He' ll fly to Tokyo . 他将飞往东京。 二、课文：领读、句子过关、讲解 1.隔壁的next-door next door to... 在……隔壁 eg:The school is next door to the hospital. 学校在医院隔壁。 2 be in the R.A.F在皇家空军任职（R.A.F=Royal Air Force） 3.飞往---fly to 4.再下个月the month after next next month 下个月 5.此刻at the moment 6.一周前a week ago 7.再下个星期 the week after next 8.去过（已经回来）have been to 9.去了（还没回来）have gone to 10.in the world 在世界上 11.stay at home 呆在家里 三、语法：可与一般将来时连用的时间短语 ⑴this week this month this year next week next month next year the week after next下下周 the month after next 下下个月 the year after next后年 注：一般过去时中通常会用last一词，而不是next ⑵in a day's time 一天以后 in a year's time一年以后 in two weeks' time两周后 in three months' time三个月后 例：Where will he be the month after next?下下个月他将在哪儿？ He will be in Beijing.他将在北京 一、单词连线 pilot 飞行员 Bombay 日内瓦 fly 返回 Athens 汉城 return 马德里 Geneva 雅典 Tokyo 纽约 Stockholm 柏林 Madrid 飞行 Seoul 孟买 New York 东京 Berlin 斯德哥尔摩 二、单选 1.We are going to have a holiday the month ______next. A.before B.after C.in D.behind 2.He is going to fly _______Tokyo A.in B.to C.at D.for 3.We _______to London to study next year. A.go B.will go C.gone D.went 4.They ______a house next month. A.sell B.will sell C.sold D.selling 5.She _______TV last night. A.watch B.watching C.watchs D.watched
逐句精讲新概念英语第二册:第93课 崇高的礼物 Lesson 93 A noble gift 新概念英语2课文内容： One of the most famous monuments in the world, the Statue of Liberty, was presented to the United States of America in the nineteenth century by the people of France. The great statue, which was designed by the sculptor Auguste Bartholdi, took ten years to complete. The actual figure was made of copper supported by a metal framework which had been especially constructed by Eiffel. Before it could be transported to the United States, a site had to be found for it and a pedestal had to be built. The site chosen was an island at the entrance of New York Harbour. By 1884, a statue which was 151 feet tall had been erected in Paris. The following year, it was taken to pieces and sent to America. By the end of October 1886, the statue had been put together again and it was officially presented to the American people by Bartholdi. Ever since then, the great monument has been a symbol of liberty for the millions of people who have passed through New York Harbour to make their homes in America. 新概念英语2句子讲解： 1、One of the most famous monuments in the world,the Statue of Liberty, was presented to the United States of America in thenineteenth century by the people of France. 世界上最的纪念碑之一的自由女神像是在19世纪时由法国人民赠送给美国的。 语言点one of the most +形容词+名词in the world世界上最……的……之一：Time is one of the most precious things in the world. 时间是这个世界上最弥足珍贵的东西之一。 2、The great statue, which was designed by thesculptor Auguste Bartholdi, took ten years to complete. 这座巨大的雕像是由雕刻家奥古斯特o巴索尔地设计的。他花了10年的时间才雕刻完成。 语言点1 sth. be designed by sb.某物是某人设计而成的 语言点2 sb. take +时间to do sth.某人花费……时间完成某事 3、The actual figure was made of copper supportedby a metal framework which had been especially constructed by Eiffel. 这座雕像的主体是用铜制成的，由艾菲尔特制的金属框架支撑着。 4、Brfore It could be transported to the United States, a site had to be found for it and a pedestal had to be built.
新概念英语第四册课堂笔记 1 fossil man (化石人) Why are legends handed down by storytellers useful We can read of things that happened 5,000 years ago in the Near East, where people first learned to write. But there are some parts of the world where even now people cannot write. The only way that they can preserve their history is to recount it as sagas -- legends handed down from one generation of story tellers to another. These legends are useful because they can tell us something about migrations of people who lived long ago, but none could write down what they did. Anthropologists wondered where the remote ancestors of the Polynesian peoples now living in the Pacific Islands came from. The sagas of these people explain that some of them came from Indonesia about 2,000 years ago. But the first people who were like ourselves lived so long ago that even their sagas, if they had any, are forgotten. So archaeologists have neither history nor legends to help them to find out where the first 'modern men' came from. Fortunately, however, ancient men made tools of stone, especially flint, because this is easier to shape than other kinds. They may also have used wood and skins, but these have rotted away. Stone does not decay, and so the tools of long ago have remained when even the bones of the men who made them have disappeared without trace. 【New words and expressions 生词和短语】 fossil man adj. 化石人 recount v. 叙述 saga n. 英雄故事 legend n. 传说，传奇 migration n. 迁移，移居 anthropologist n. 人类学家 archaeologist n. 考古学家
产品名称：2BE 水环式真空泵
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L1 Finding fossil man We can read of things that happened 5,000 years ago in the Near East, where people first learned to write. But there are some parts of the world where even now people cannot write. The only way that they can preserve their history is to recount it as sagas----legends handed down from one generation of storytellers to another. These legends are useful because they can tell us something about migrations of people who lived long ago, but none could write down what they did. Anthropologists wondered where the remote ancestors of the Polynesian peoples now living in the Pacific Islands came from. The sagas of these people explain that some of them came from Indonesia about 2,000 years ago. But the first people who were like ourselves lived so long ago that even their sagas, if they had any, are forgotten. So archaeologists have neither history nor legends to help them to find out where the first'modern men' came from. Fortunately, however, ancient men made tools of stone, especially flint, because this is easier to shape than other kinds. They may also have used wood and skins, but these have rotted away. Stone does not decay, and so the tools of long ago have remained when even the bones of the men who made them have disappeared without trace. New words and expressions recount /ri'kaunt/ v.叙述 / ' rei'kaunt/ 再数一次 record / ' rek[d/ /ri' kC:d/ 第一个音节带重音，名前动后 叙述：recount : emotionless 重复 describe depict： a little emotional narrate： temporal&spacial 根据时间或空间顺序描述。 portray：描述 saga /'sa:g[/ n.英雄故事描述的内容mostly real 北欧海盗活动的故事 legend /'ledV[nd/ n.传说，传奇 unreal e.g robin hood anthropologist/ 'AnWr['pCl[dVist/ n.人类学家 anthrop：人 philosophere :philo＋sopher|爱＋智慧＝哲学家 philanthropist : 慈善家（对人有爱心的人） anthropology :人类学 带-gy结尾的都是学科：biology 生物学 geography 地理学 ecology 生态学 remote/ ri'm[ut/ n.遥远 ancestor / 'Ansest[/ n.祖先 an- 在前面 forefather,forebear ，predecessor祖先 rot/ rCt/ v.烂掉 leave me rot.＝leave me along rot to death. soon ripe,soon rotten. decay 国家民族逐渐衰亡 decompose 逐渐衰竭 deteriorate关系逐渐恶化 trace /treis/ n.痕迹，踪迹 trace the problem i follow your trace＝i follow where you go polynesia 波利尼西亚 poly-多 polyandric: a wife with more than one husband polygeny : a husband with more than one wife flint /flint/ n.燧石 flinting hearted fossil / ' fCsl/ n. 化石 cobble 鹅卵石 read of 读到 谈到：speak of ,talk of ,know of,hear of near east：近东 mediterranean, south europe,north afric far east 非限定性从句，表原因 oral(spoken) language is earlier than written language. precede :什么在什么之前，不用比较，直接跟名词 counterpart: two things or two people have the same position oral(spoken) language is earlier than written counterpart. preserve: 保留，保存（腌制） 如果句中有only，那后面的表语结构就要用to do sth,而不是doing sth. storyteller: 讲故事的人 fortuneteller, palmreader: 算命先生 migration ：移民１）migrant ２）immigrant v. migrate:迁移，迁徙 migratory bird:候鸟 none: no body people＋s 民族 if they had any: 即便是有 his relatives,if he had any,never went to visit him when he was hospitalized. find out千方百计，费尽周折＝explore modern men :the men who were like ourselves however－anywhere you want ,加逗号 but,yet－不加标点，only at the beginning of the sentence therefore－自由