专题十一电化学
2015～2011年各省市高考题(改编)
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.(2015·江苏，32)Some schools will have to make (adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform.
解析句意：为了与国家足球改革相一致，一些学校将做出调整。固定表达
make adjustments 做出调整。
答案adjustments
2.(2015·江苏，35)—Go and say sorry to your Mom, Dave.
— I'd like to, but I'm afraid she won't be happy with my (apologize).
解析句意：——去和你的妈妈说对不起，Dave.——我想，但我怕妈妈不会接受我的道歉。作介词with的宾语和my的修饰语要用名词形式。
答案apology/apologies
3.(2015·浙江，15)One of the most effective ways to reduce (stressful) is to
talk about feelings with someone you trust.
解析句意：减少压力最有效的方法之一是与信任的人谈谈你的感受。作动词reduce的宾语要用名词形式，stress压力，紧张，为不可数名词。
答案stress
4.(2015·湖北，21)When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his
(balanced) and had a bad fall.
解析句意：追赶哥哥时，小男孩失去了平衡，重重摔了一跤。作动词lose的宾语要用名词形式。lose his balance失去平衡，失去均衡。
答案balance
5.(2015·安徽，30)There is no need to tell me your answer now.Give it
some (think) and then let me know.
解析句意：现在没有必要告诉我你的答案。思考一下，然后让我知道。 some后应跟
名词，thought想法。
答案thought
6.(2014·安徽，29)—Why not buy a second－hand car first if you don't have enough money for a new one?
—That's a good (suggest).
解析句意：——如果你没有足够的钱买一辆新车的话，为什么不先买一辆二
手车呢？——这是个不错的建议(suggestion)。形容词修饰名词，故用名词形式。
答案suggestion
7.(2014·湖北，21)Her (motivate) for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education.
解析句意：她写作的动机是出于对女性获得高等教育权利的渴望。形容词性物主代词修饰名词。
答案motivation
8.(2013·江西， 22)Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with (patient).
解析句意：每当我犯错的时候，老师都耐心地帮我指出来。with是介词，介词后用名词形式，故用patience。
答案patience
9.(2012·山东，24)My first (impress) of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.
解析句意：我对他的第一印象是，他是一个友好且体贴的年轻人。序数词first修饰名词。
答案impression
10.(2012·福建，25)—Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency?
—Well，you know，English is my (strong).So it is my best choice.
解析句意：——你为什么选择去一家国际旅行社工作？——哦，你知道英语是我的强项。因此，这是我的最佳选择。形容词性物主代词my后跟名词，strength意为“长处，强项”。
答案strength
11.(2011·湖北，22)Giving up my job to go back to full－time education was a big
(commit)，but now I know it was the best decision I ever made.
解析句意：放弃工作回去接受全日制教育是个巨大的“投入”，但是现在我意识到那是
我所作出的最正确的决定。commitment“花费，使用(资金、时间、人力)”形容词修饰名
词。
答案commitment
Ⅱ.用适当的冠词填空
1.(2015·江苏，33)—Why didn't you invite John to your birthday party?
—Well, you know he's wet blanket.
解析句意：——为什么你没邀请约翰参加你的生日聚会？——唉，你知道他是一个令人扫兴的人。固定表达a wet blanket 令人扫兴的人或物。
答案 a
2.(2015·浙江，2)Jane's grandmother had wanted to write children's book
for many years, but one thing or another always got in way.
解析句意：琼的奶奶多年来一直想写一本儿童书籍，但总有这样那样的事情阻碍她不能实现。考查冠词。第一空表泛指，故用不定冠词a；第二空为固定表达get in the way 妨碍，阻碍。
答案a; the
3.(2015·重庆，3)I just heard bank where Dora works was robbed by
gunman wearing a mask.
解析句意：我刚听说Dora 工作的银行被一位蒙面持枪歹徒抢劫了。第一空为特指，表示“Dora 工作的那家银行”，第二空为泛指，表示“一位蒙面持枪歹徒”。
答案the; a
4.(2015·陕西，14) more learned a man is， more modest he usually becomes.
解析句意：一个人的知识越是渊博，他通常就越谦虚。考查固定搭配。the more...the more...越……越……。
答案The；the
5.(2015·四川，5)Brian is gifted in writing music；he is very likely to be Beethoven.
解析考查冠词。句意：Brian在创作音乐上极有才华，他很有可能成为一个像贝多芬那
样的人才。本题考查不定冠词在人名前，表示：一个像……那样的人。
答案 a
6.(2014·陕西，19) village where I was born has grown into town.
解析考查冠词。句意：我出生的那个小村庄已经变成了一个城镇了。根据句意可知，“我出生的村庄”由定语从句修饰，表特指，用定冠词the；而第二空应是泛指。
答案The；a
7.(2014·天津，8)Life is like ocean：Only strong－willed can reach the other shore.
解析考查冠词。句意：生活就像一个大洋，只有那些意志坚强者才能到达彼岸。此句中
的ocean是可数名词且是第一次出现，故用an；第二个空中the＋adj.表示一类人。
答案an；the
8.(2014·浙江，2)The paper is due next month，and I am working seven days week，often long into night.
解析考查冠词。句意：这篇论文预计下个月写完，我一星期工作七天，经常熬到深夜。
a week泛指一星期；第二空为习惯用法，如work into the night工作到深夜。
答案a；the
9.(2014·重庆，6)I can't tell you way to the Wilson's because we don't have
Wilson here in the village.
解析考查冠词。句意：我无法告诉你去威尔逊家怎么走，因为我们村没有叫威尔逊的。
由句意可知前者是特指，后者为泛指。
答案the；a
10.(2014·江西，22)They chose Tom to be captain of the team because they knew he was smart leader.
解析考查冠词用法。句意：因为他们知道汤姆是一位精明的领导，所以就选他当球队的
队长。可知，第一空用定冠词是特指这个球队的队长，第二空用不定冠词表示泛指意义。
答案the；a
11.(2013·福建，21)The “Chinese Dream” is dream to improve people's well
－being and dream of harmony, peace and development.
解析考查冠词。句意：“中国梦”是一种提高人民生活的梦，是一种和谐、和平和发展的梦。由句意可知都用不定冠词a，表示泛指概念。
答案a；a
12.(2013·山东，22)It was cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across night sky.
解析考查冠词用法。第一空“一个寒冷的冬夜”，应用不定冠词a；第二空“夜空”，
指独一无二的事物用定冠词the。
答案a；the
13.(2013·陕西，19)Marco Polo is said to have sailed on Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in thirteenth century.
解析句意：据说十三世纪时马可波罗曾经横渡太平洋前往爪哇。世界七大洲前不加the，
而四大洋前需要加the。in the...century意为“在……世纪”。
答案the；the
14.(2013·新课标全国Ⅰ，31)India attained independence in 1947，after
long struggle.
解析考查冠词用法。句意：印度在长期抗争后，于1947年获得独立。 attain independence获得独立，是零冠词用法；after a long struggle经过一段长时间的抗争，
用不定冠词a表示数量。
答案/；a
15.(2013·重庆，32)The parents were shocked by news that their son needed
operation on his knee.
解析考查冠词。句中的news指的是that从句的内容，所以此处的news是特指，要用
定冠词the；第二空处意为“需要做一次手术”，为泛指，要用不定冠词。
答案the；an
16.(2013·江西，32)Animals are obviously lower form of life than man.
解析本题考查冠词。man表示“人类”的意义时，前面不加冠词。form是可数名词，前
面有形容词修饰时要加不定冠词，故用a修饰。句意：很明显，动物是低于人类的一种生
命形式。
答案a；/
17.(2012·辽宁，21)I woke up with bad headache，yet by evening
the pain had gone.
解析句意：我醒来时头很痛，但到了晚上头痛就已经消失了。考查冠词的基本用法。两空后的名词均为可数名词，第一空表示泛指，加a；第二空表示特指，加the。
答案a；the
18.(2012·浙江，2)The development of industry has been gradual process throughout human existence, from stone tools to modern technology.
解析考查冠词。句意：在整个人类历史中，工业的发展从石器时代到现代科技时代，已经成为一个渐进的过程。第一空process是可数名词，第一次出现一般用不定冠词修饰，且此次表示“一个”的概念；第二空existence是不可数名词，此处表示抽象概念，故用零冠词。
答案a；/
19.(2011·重庆，26)In communication, a smile is usually strong sign of a friendly and open attitude.
解析考查冠词的用法。句意：在相互交流中，微笑通常是一种友好和开放的态度的明显特征。 a 用在可数名词sign前，泛指一类事物；friendly and open 是并列关系，修饰attitude。
答案a；/
1.名词是高考每年必考的语法项目。考查要点主要集中考查名词单复数形式，可
数不可数名词，名词所有格等。
2.冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，常放在名词前面帮助说明名词
的含义，与名词共生共存。其考查的重点主要有：定冠词、不定冠词、零冠词的基本用法；冠词的特殊用法；冠词在固定结构中和具体、真实语境中的用法；
冠词在句中的位置以及冠词在具体化的抽象名词前的用法。
专题01 名词与冠词 1．(2016·新课标Ⅰ，61)But for tourists like me，pandas are its top ________(attract)．【答案】attraction 【解析】句意：但是对于像我一样的游客来说，大熊猫是最大的吸引。形容词top“头等的；最重要的”后面跟名词形式。 2．(2016·新课标Ⅰ，69)The nursery team switches him every few ________(day)with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed... 【答案】days 3．(2016·新课标Ⅱ，42)Then，handle the most important tasks first so you'll feel a real sense of ________(achieve)． 【答案】achievement 【解析】句意：然后，首先处理最重要的任务，那么你会感到真正意义上的成就。介词of后应用名词作宾语。 4．(2016·新课标Ⅱ，46)Recent ________(study)show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly． 【答案】studies 【解析】句意：最近的研究显示如果我们有规律地进行短暂的休息的话，我们工作的效率会更高。study“研究”为可数名词，本句的谓语动词为sh ow，说明主语应用名词复数studies。 5．(2016·新课标Ⅲ，68)Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius，who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B．C.，influenced the ________ (develop)of chopsticks. 【答案】development 【解析】句意：一些人认为大约生活于公元前551年到479年间的中国伟大学者孔子影响了筷子的发展。根据空格前面的the可知，所填词应用名词形式。 6．(2016·四川，65)Any smell might attract natural ________(enemy)that would try to eat the little panda.
考点一：名词和名词辨析 1. While she was in Paris, she developed a __________ for fine art. A. way B. relation C. taste D. habit 2.As the world’s population continues to grow, the ______ of food becomes more and more of a concern. 3. A.worth B.supply C.package D. list 4.With inspiration from other food cultures, American food culture can take a _______ for the better. 5. A.share B.chance C. turn D. lead 6.Poetry written from the _________ of the urban youth tends to reveal their anxiety over a lack of sense of belonging. 7. A.perspective B.priority C.participation D. privilege 8.Carbon dioxide, which makes a __________ between us and the sun, prevents heat from getting out of the atmosphere easily, so the earth is becoming warmer. 9. A.difference https://www.doczj.com/doc/1e12855613.html,parison C.connection D. barrier 10.Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with _______ . 11. A.curiosity B.satisfaction C. envy D. patience 12.The accident caused some ________ to my car, but it’s nothing serious. 13. A.harm B.injury C. ruin D. damage 14.Your __________ as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflection on how you learn. 15. A.operation B.growth C. performance D. character 16.My first _______ of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man. 17. A.expression B.attention C.satisfaction D. impression 18.You’d better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future ________ . 19. A.purpose B.reference C.progress D. memory 20.It is important to have your eyes examined regularly to check for any sign of eye disease that may not have any ____ . 21. A. symptom B. similarity C. sample D. shadow 22.You are working too hard. You’d better keep a _________ between work and relaxation. 23. A.promise B.lead C.balance D.diary 24.Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional _________ . 25. A. consequence B.independence https://www.doczj.com/doc/1e12855613.html,petence D. intelligence 26.Anyway, I can’t cheat him---it’s against all my ________ . 27. A. emotions B.principles C.regulations D. opinions 28.There’s a _______ in our office that when it’s somebody’s birthday, they bring in a cake for us all to share. 29. A.tradition B.balance C.concern D. relationship 30.I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond _________ . 31. A.hearing B. strength C.recognition D. measure 32.This restaurant has become popular for its wide _______ of foods that suit all tastes and pockets. 33. A. division B.area C.range D. circle
高考英语专题练习（一） 名词与冠词 1．But for tourists like me, pandas are its top ________ （attract）. 2．The nursery team switches him every few ________ （day）with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed. 3．Then, handle the most important tasks first so you'll feel a real sense of ________ （achieve）. 4．Recent ________ （study）show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly. 5．Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the ________ （develop）of chopsticks. 6．Any smell might attract natural ________ （enemy）that would try to eat the little panda. 7．It is important to pay your electricity bill on time, as late ________ （pay ）may affect your credit. 8．We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our _______ （different）unite, rather than divide us. 9．The nursery team switches him every few days with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, ________ other is with mum — she never suspects. 10．Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for ________ while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy. 11．We most prefer to say yes to the ________ of someone we know and like.（attempts, requests, doubts, promises）12．I can't tell you ________ way to the Wilsons' because we don't have ________ Wilson here in the village. 13．His English is ________ second to none. And he is going to learn ________ second language in ________ second grade. A．/; a; the B．the; the; a C．/; the; a D．a; the; the 14．The smallest good habits can make a big ________. 15．—Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency? —Well, you know, English is my ________. So it is my best choice.（strength, talent, ability, skill） 16．In the centre of the main road into the town, he placed ______ very large stone. 17．Like many popular restaurants in Paris, ________ （reserve）are hard to get at Dave, so I wasn't surprised to find a complete sign hanging over the red door. 18．He pushed and pulled with all his ________ （strong）to move it. 19．He asked ________ （permit）to introduce his friend, whose name was Mr. Wickham, and who had apparently arrived recently from London. 20．Experts hope the whole society pay more attention to the mental health of ________ （adolescent）. 21．Girls are luckier than boys; they have more flexible ________ （choose）than boys. 22．I have a strong ________ （believe）that one day Chinese students can buy these tickets, too. 23．So I asked her why she sat there in ________ （silent）. 24．About 20 percent of ________ （baby）feel nervous when they see strangers. 25．There was never a time when I had not called him and he did not call me right back within a couple of _______
第一层级|抓牢“词法”——保基本分 第一讲名词和冠词 在高考中，语法填空和短文改错重点考查名词的单 复数、不可数名词、名词与其他词类的词性转化等。在 语法填空和短文改错中，解答有关名词的题目时，一要 根据在句中所作的成分确定是否使用名词。名词在句中常用作主语、宾语、表语或定语等。二要根据名词前的数词、量词、冠词等修饰语的情况以及主谓一致原则来确定名词单复数。 (一)考点练悟(用所给词的适当形式填空) It was late at night. Two 1.________ (German) were sleeping in their room when suddenly, one of them, Mrs. Green, was woken up and found a thief slipping into their room to try his luck. She had three thousand 2.______ (dollar) in her pocket. “What should I do? Many 3.______ (thief) usually bring 4.________ (knife) with them，”she thought in 5.________ (silent). After two 6.________ (minute) search, the thief happened to touch a sports suit. It seemed as if he found there was someone in the room, so he went out to the next room where two 7.________ (Frenchman) were sleeping. When he was looking for 8.________ (money) or some 9.________ (jewel) in the next room, Mrs. Green woke up her husband quickly and called the police. And then the thief knew what had happened. He was so scared that he took out a knife. Just then the police showed up. Before the thief ran away, the police caught him. For Mrs. Green, it was really an unusual 10.________ (experience)．答案：1.Germans 2.dollars 3.thieves 4.knives 5.silence 6.minutes' 7.Frenchmen8.money9.jewels/jewelry10.experience (二)快捷技法
第一部分语法知识专题一名词、代词和冠词 挖命题 【考情探究】 考点考向 考情分析 预测热 度高考示例 设题方式 2018-112018-062017-112017-062016-10 名词1.名词和动词、 形容词等之间 的词性转换 2.名词的单数和 复数 3.名词的所有格 women (woman) weight (weigh) dishes (dish) months (month) carrots (carrot) pages (page) performanc e (perform) 1.根据所给的相关提示词(动词、形 容词等),写出相应的名词 2.根据上下文判断名词用单数形式 还是复数形式以及复数名词的构 成形式 3.在无提示词的情况下根据语境写 出适当的名词。这类词一般都是固 定结构或在上下文有明确的提示 ★★★ 代词1.不定代词 2.物主代词 3.指示代词 4.人称代词 5.疑问代词 6.反身代词 7.it的用法 them (they) it their (they) myself(I) 1.根据上下文的语境写出合适的代 词 2.根据所给的相关提示词,一般是 同根词,写出合适的代词形式。这种 形式主要出现在人称代词、物主代 词和反身代词的相互转换方面 ★★☆ 冠词 1.定冠词an a 根据上下文的逻辑关系填写合适 的定冠词、不定冠词 ★★☆
2.不定冠词 3.零冠词 分析解读 对词性的直接考查主要集中在语篇型填空题中,而间接的考查则体现在写作中,不论是应用文写作还是读后续写或概要写作,以上三类词都起着非常重要的作用。 一、名词 1.根据上下文判断是否用名词,是否用名词的复数形式。因此考生一定要掌握名词复数形式的构成规则．．．．．．．．．．．。 2.根据所给的同根词,写出相应的名词。因此考生要掌握英语单词的基本构词法。2019年与名词有关的词性转换将是考查的热点。同时特别注意既有词性转换．．．．．,．又有复数形式的考查方式．．．．．．．．．．． 。 3.有可能在无提示词的情况下根据语境写出适当的名词。这类词一般都是固定结构或在上下文中有明确的提示。因此考生要掌握一些含有名词的固定词组。这类设题的难度较大,近年都没有涉及,但是,考生还是应当做出必要的准备。 二、代词 1.根据上下文的语境写出合适的代词。 2.根据所给的同根词,写出合适的代词形式。因此考生要掌握英语代词的各种形式之间的转换规则和形式。 三、冠词 根据上下文的逻辑关系选择合适的定冠词或不定冠词。在此类考查中,名词实际上起着主要的作用．．．．．．．．．．．．。所以要重点研究与设空处相关的名词。 从以上考查方式中可以看出,对这三类词的考查主要集中在对上下文的理解上．．．．．．．．,因此,读懂句子,读懂上下文,抓住上下文的主旨,是这类题目的解题关键。 破考点 【考点集训】 考点一 名词 1.Whenever I made mistakes,the teacher pointed them out with (patient). 答案 patience
专题一冠词、名词和主谓一致 1.【2015·湖北】21.When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his ___ and had a bad fall. A. balance B .chance C .memory D .place 【答案】A 【考点定位】名词词义辨析 【名师点睛】本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析名词词义的能力。四个选项都可以跟前面的动词lose搭配。考生应抓住题干中关键信息“had a bad fall（重重地摔了一跤）”，不禁会产生疑问：怎么会摔了一跤呢？然后根据搭配l ose one’s balance“失去平衡”锁定正确答案。 2.【2015·湖北】22.He gave himself a new name to hide his ____ when he went to carry out the secret task. A. emotion B. talent C. identity D. treasure 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：句意：他执行一项秘密任务时，给自己起了一个新的名字来掩盖身份。A项“情绪”；B项“才能”；C项“身份”；D项“财富”。故选C项。 【考点定位】名词词义辨析 【名师点睛】考生解答本题的关键是抓住题干中的关键词“secret task（秘密任务）”和“ gave himself a new name（给自己取了个新名字）”，然后推知肯定是为了“hide his identity （掩藏身份）”，从而锁定正确答案。 3.【2015·安徽】30.There is no need to tell me your answer now. Give it some ______ and then let me know. A. thought B. support C. protection D. authority 【答案】A 【解析】
专题一冠词 重难点分析 冠词是一种虚词，没有词义，不能单独使用，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义。冠词主要分为定冠词、不定冠词和零冠词。 历年高考试题对冠词的考查涉及到冠词的位置、不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词及固定搭配中的冠词等各个方面。下面我们以表格的形式对前四个方面进行梳理总结。 一、冠词的位置 二、不定冠词
三、定冠词 四、零冠词
五、英语中含有冠词的词组辨析 英语中有不少词组，从形式看好像只有冠词之差，而实际上却是意义完全不同的词组。 1. in front of 在……（外）的前面；in the front of在……（内）的前面 There is a garden in front of the classroom. 教室前面有一个花园。（外） There is a blackboard in the front of the classroom. 教室前面有一块黑板。（内） 2. in charge of 掌管、负责；in the charge of 在……负责之下 An experienced worker is in charge of the project. 一位有经验的个人负责这个项目。 The project is in the charge of an experienced worker. 这个项目由一位经验丰富的工人负责。 3. at table 在进餐、吃饭时；at the table 在桌旁 He seldom talks at table. 吃饭时他很少说话。 They sat at the table, talking and laughing. 他们坐在桌旁，边说边笑。 4. by day 白天、日间；by the day 按日计 He works in an office by day. 他白天在办公室工作。 Cleaning women in big cities get paid by the day. 大城市的清洁女工按日获得报酬。 5. take place 发生、举行；take the place (of) 代替、接替 When did this conversation take place? 这次谈话什么时候进行的？ Electric trains have now taken the place of steam trains in our country. 在我们国家，电力火车已经取代了蒸汽火车。 6. in words 用语言；in a word 总之 Please express your thoughts in words. 请用言语表达你的想法。 In a word, I don’t trust you. 总之，我不相信你。 7. at times 有时、不时；at a time 一次 I do feel a little nervous at times. 有时我确实感到有些紧张。 Pass me the bricks two at a time. 每次递给我两块砖。 8. little 少、不多的；a little 一些、一点儿 Hurry up, there is little time left. 快点，时间不多了。 Don’t hurry, you still have a little time. 不用急，你还有时间。 9. few 很少、几乎没有的；a few 有些、几个
名词和冠词第一讲 语法项目(一) 名词 [考纲解读·定方向] 语法填空题对名词的考查主要包括名词的单复数和所有格，以及给出动词、形容词等提示词要求写出适当的名词形式。短文改错重点考查名词的单复数、不可数名词、名词与其他词类的词性转化等。解答有关名词的题目时，一定要注意名词前的修饰成分，如数词、量词、常修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词的词或短语等，来判断其是需要可数名词单数形式、复数形式还是不可数名词；有的还要结合语境分析句子成分，来判断是否需要作主语、宾语、表语或定语的名词。 如何确定填单复数、所有格还是派生为名词 [思考趋向] 1．填名词的单复数 若提示词是名词，分析句子成分后发现词性不需要改变，此时应考虑填名词的单复数。 2．填名词的所有格 提示词为名词时，如果作定语表示“……的”，则一般考查名词的所有格。 3．派生为名词 [典例感悟] [典例1](2017·全国卷Ⅲ)She has turned down several ________ (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. 解析：invitations invitation“邀请”是可数名词，其前有several修饰，应用复数形式。[典例2](2019·湖南师大附中模拟)This could be ________ (Mary) motto——the expression that best captures her spirit. 解析：Mary's 此题考查名词的所有格，根据语境应该表示“玛丽的格言”。 [典例3](2017·浙江卷11月)Of course you have to work at it.You wouldn't think that a few ________ (month) of exercise in your teens would be enough for the rest of your life，and that's also true for building your vocabulary—you have to keep at it daily，and pretty soon you will find that you have an excellent vocabulary. 解析：months 考查名词的数。根据空前的a few及month为可数名词可知，此处表示“几个月的锻炼”，故用month的复数形式。 ________(educate)．her with on carry to determined is 4](2017·全国卷Ⅲ)She 典例[解析：education 根据空格前的修饰语定答案。前面由形容词性物主代词her(她的)修饰，故用educate的名词形式，education是不可数名词。 名词单数变复数的技法
中考语法专题练习：名词 1 .-Lucy, do you like? -Yes. Most of my clothes are. A.an orange an orange B.orange ,orange C.oranges ,oranges D.orange,an orange 2. —Can I help you, sir? ??? I' d like to have 100. I want the students to draw picture s on them. A. piece of paper B. pieces of paper C. papers D. paper 3 ? You looked for it twice, but you haven ' t found it. Why not try. A. three times B. a third time C. the third time D. once 4 ? Are they going to have a picnic on? A. Children ' s Day B. Childrens ' s Day C. Childrens Day D. Children Day 5. -How many can you see in the picture? -Only one. A. dog B. sheep C. child 6. The girl talking to Mary is a friend of. A. Mary ' s sister B. Mary sister ' s C. Mary' s sister ' s D. Sister of Mary ' s 7. The woman over there is mother.
新课标高考英语二轮复习语法系列---冠词专题 （十多十少）高三英语备考十多十少策略备考法 1 多做高考题----- 少弄模拟题 2 多弄词汇表----------- 少弄课外词（课本知识） 3 多让学生练---------- 少讲语法知识 4 多做一般题---------- 少钻研难题 5 多练大题（阅读完形）-------少做单选题（快练小题） 6 多背句型短语-------少思考 7 多研究答题规律----- 少狗熊掰棒子 8 多用小块时间-------- 少集中突击 9 多听老师的-----------少自作主张 10 多考虑主攻方向----- 少分散精力 高考英语语法冠词用法点津 一不定冠词a/an 1. 泛指某人或某物 an honest man a good boy 2. 用于某些抽象名词前,表示”一种”,”一类”,”一件”等.常见名词有failure/success/help/surprise/Shame/danger/comfort(舒适、舒服、) It is a pleasure to teach her. It is an honor to invite you on behalf of all classmates.
抽象名词具体意义 surprise惊讶 a surprise让人吃惊的人或事success成功 a success成功的人或事pride骄傲 a pride让人骄傲的人或事pleasure高兴 a pleasure令人高兴的事 pity同情 a pity令人遗憾的事failure失败 a failure失败的人或事 relief安慰 a relief令人感到宽慰的事 concern关心 a concern关心的事 beauty美丽 a beauty美丽的人或物 3. 与序数词连用表示又一,再一 a second chance 4. 不定冠词在元音(注意指元音音素音节,不指元音字母) 前用an. an island an umbrella an hour an apple 在其他情况下用a,即第一个音节为辅音。 a university a European city a red apple a humble man 5.含有不定冠词的常用短语 take a rest have a look all of a sudden as a result in a hurry in a word have a try take a seat lend a hand lead/live a happy life as a matter of fact have a population of in a sense 在某种意义上as a rule 通常，照例at a blow 一下子in a moment 立刻after a while 一会儿后once in a while 偶尔once upon a time 从前all of a sudden 突然as a result 因此as a matter of fact 事实上in a hurry 急匆匆地in a word 总之make a living 谋生 注意通常成对出现的名词(被视为一套或一体)，一般只用一个不定冠词。 a knife and fork一副刀叉
2017年高考一轮复习专题一名词、冠词和代词
专题一名词、冠词和代词 名词：A卷全国卷 语法填空/单句改错： 1．(2016·全国Ⅰ，61)Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia’s biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top________(attract)．2．(2016·全国Ⅰ，69)The nursery team switches him every few ________(day) with his sister. 3．(2016·全国Ⅰ，短文改错)My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest.________. 4．(2016·全国Ⅱ)Handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of ________(achieve)． 5. (2016·全国Ⅱ)Recent________(study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly. 6．(2016·全国Ⅲ)Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see, and often taste, a wide variety of ________(apple)．7．(2015·全国Ⅰ)I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone
高考英语冠词语法知识点总结(名师详细剖析语法知识点，值得下载打印) 一、专题解读 考点：冠词。包括定冠词、不定冠词、零冠词。 重点：冠词活用。表示特指、泛指的用法。 高考考点分布：泛指类1题，特指类1题，习语类1题，冠词活用类3题。 二、知识点归纳 1、冠词的类别 a or an ，接单数可数名词，既可以表示数量、个体，也可以表示全体。 A horse is enough.表数量 A horse is a useful animal. 表个体 The horse is a useful animal. 表全体 The 特指，后面可以接不可数名词、单数可数名词、复数可数名词建议： 1，可数名词单数，泛指时用a或者an 2，可数名词复数，不可数名词，泛指时不用冠词 3，无论可数名词，不可数名词，特指时，都用the。 2、不定冠词的用法 1，a加辅音音素；an加元音音素
注意：不是字母，是音素。所谓元音音素，就是看第一个字母的发音，通常考的最多的是对于字母U的区别。当字母U发音为ju：时，如useful或者European，则用a。 2，表示一个，与数词one相同。 He is a Frenchman,not an American. 3，与专有名词连用，表示某一个，一个叫。。。。。。的人 A Mr smith is waiting for you at the school gate. 4，表示每一，相当于per，用于某些时间、重量、长度等单位前。500 dollars a ton 60 mile an hour Twice a week 5，a＋most 表示very。注意，除了most 外，其它表示最高级的词，如best，也一样。 This is a most interesting book. 6，a＋序数词，表示再一，又一。 You can try it,a second time if you fail. When i sat down,a fifth man rose to speak.这里不是第五个，而是指又一个男的。 7，a（n）＋名词，作表语，表职业。 He became a sailor after he grew up。 He turned sailor after he grew up。加黑完型常考，记住没有冠词 8，表示同一，相同，等于the same
专题一冠词和名词 知识清单 常考点清单一冠词 一、冠词在句中的位置及分类 冠词主要放在名词之前，说明名词所表示的人或物，它不能离开名词而单独存在。冠词有两种：a和an为不定冠词，the为定冠词。 二、冠词的泛指和特指用法 泛指是指首次提到的、不限定的人或物。特指是指上文已提到的人或物，或是指被限制性修饰语在其后加以限定的人或物，也可以是指说话者双方心目中所默认的特定的人或事物。冠词的特指和泛指用法可归纳为下表： 泛指单一，每一，任一事物 a(n) 指类别 上文提到过的人或事物 可数名词前一定要用冠词被限制性修饰语所限定的人或事物 特指说话双方所默认的人或事物 世上独一无二的事物 the 指类别 上文提到的人或事物 the特指被限制性修饰语所限定的人或事物 复数可数名词说话双方所默认的人或事物 不可数名词前 泛指人或事物 零冠词指类别 三、不定冠词的用法 1. 在叙述时用于第一次提到的某人或某物。 This is a book. 这是一本书。 2. 泛指人或事物的某一类别，以区别其他种类。 A plane is a machine that can fly. 翻译：___ 3. 泛指某人或某物。 A girl is waiting for you. 翻译：___ 4. 用于表示时间、速度、价格等意义的名词之前，有“每一”的意思，相当于every。 80 kilometers an hour,_______________ five lessons a week _______________ twice a month____ 5. 用在某些物质名词或抽象名词前，表示“一阵，一份，一类，一场”等。 There’ll be a strong wind in South China. 翻译：___ 6. 用于某些固定词组中。 a few/ little / bit (一点儿), have a swim / walk / talk / look / drink / rest = swim/ walk / talk / look / rest, have a cold (感冒), have a good time (玩得高兴), in a hurry (匆忙), for a while (一会儿), keep a diary (写日记), do sb a favor (帮助某人) 7. 用于可视为一体的两个名词前。例如：a knife and fork 一副__________
第一讲名词和冠词 语法项目(一) 名词 语法填空题对名词的考查主要包括名词的单复数和所有格，以及给出动词、形容词等提示词要求写出适当的名词形式。短文改错重点考查名词的单复数、不可数名词、名词与其他词类的词性转化等。解答有关名词的题目时，一定要注意名词前的修饰成分，如数词、量词、常修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词的词或短语等，来判断其是需要可数名词单数形式、复数形式还是不可数名词；有的还要结合语境分析句子成分，来判断是否需要作主语、宾语、表语或定语的名词。 如何确定填单复数、所有格还是派生为名词 [思考趋向] 1．填名词的单复数 若提示词是名词，分析句子成分后发现词性不需要改变，此时应考虑填名词的单复数。 2．填名词的所有格 提示词为名词时，如果作定语表示“……的”，则一般考查名词的所有格。 3．派生为名词 [典例感悟] [典例1](2017·全国卷Ⅲ)She has turned down several ________ (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. 解析：invitations invitation“邀请”是可数名词，其前有several修饰，应用复数形式。 [典例2](2019·湖南师大附中模拟)This could be ________ (Mary) motto——the expression that best captures her spirit. 解析：Mary's 此题考查名词的所有格，根据语境应该表示“玛丽的格言”。 [典例3](2017·浙江卷11月)Of course you have to work at it.You wouldn't think that a few ________ (month) of exercise in your teens would be enough for the rest of your life，and that's also true for building your vocabulary—you have to keep at it daily，and pretty soon you will find that you have an excellent vocabulary. 解析：months 考查名词的数。根据空前的a few及month为可数名词可知，此处表示“几个月的锻炼”，故用month的复数形式。 [典例4](2017·全国卷Ⅲ)She is determined to carry on with her ________(educate)．