Lesson Fourteen: The Listener打印本页
I. Outline of the Text
Part 1: (Para. 1)
Violinist Rudolf made a living by giving concerts in small seaport towns.
Part 2: (Para. 2)
In various towns in Iceland the audience didn't understand his music.
Part 3: (Paras. 3-5)
He arrived at a lighthouse to seek shelter from a coming storm.
Part 4: (Paras. 6-9)
Rudolf learned all about the lighthouse keeper's simple life.
Part 5: (Paras. 10-20)
Rudolf found an understanding listener for his music in the lighthouse.
Ⅱ. text
Part 1: (Para. 1)
1 Once there was a little concert violinist named Rudolf, who lived in Sweden.
Once adv.从前，曾经
…who lived in Sweden 非限定性定语从句，修饰 Rudolf
Some of his friends thought he was not the best of musicians because he was restless; others thought he was restless because he was not the best of musicians.
译文：他的一些朋友认为他之所以成不了一流乐手是因为他不安分，另一些朋友觉得，正因为他不是一流乐手，他才不安分。
musician n
At any rate, he hit upon a way of making a living, with no competitors.
译文：无论是哪种情况，反正他想出了一个没有竞争对手的谋生之路。
2 At any rate, he hit upon a way of making a living, with no competitors--Whatever the case may be, he came up with a way of supporting himself; nobody else would want to make a living this way.
Whether by choice or necessity, he used to sail about Scandinavia in his small boat, all alone, giving concerts in little seaport towns.
译文：或许是他乐意这样做，或许是没有别的办法，他常常独自驾驶小舟到斯堪的纳维亚地区海边小镇进行演出。
2 By choice 自愿
e.g. I should take this by choice.
used to do sth . 过去常常
be used to doing sth 习惯于
If he found an accompanist, well and good; if not, he played works for unaccompanied violin;
well and good那也不错
and it happened once or twice that he wanted a piano so badly that he imagined one, and then he played whole sonatas for violin and piano, with no piano in sight.
译文：有一两次他特别想有钢琴伴奏，只好假想有，居然在眼前根本没有钢琴的情况下，演奏了整部小提琴和钢琴协奏曲。
In sight被看到
Part 2: (Para. 2)
2 One year Rudolf sailed all the way out to Iceland and began working his way around that rocky coast from one town to another.
译文：有一年，鲁道夫驾船一直抵达遥远的冰岛，开始艰难地环绕那岩石密布的海岸，从一个城镇到另一个城镇巡回演出。
2 Work one's way 费力前进
e.g. He worked his way to the front of the crowd.
It was a hard, stubborn land; but people in those difficult places do not forget the law of hospitality to the stranger- for their God may decree that they too shall become strangers on the face of the earth.
译文：这是一片坚硬、难以开发的土地；不过那些艰苦地方的人们对初来乍到的人并没有忘记自己的待客之道--因为说不定哪天命运也会把他们带到陌生的地方。
…but people in those difficult places do not forget the law of hospitality to the stranger--but people in those poor places are very kind and friendly to others who come to their land.
order
The audiences were small, and even if Rudolf had been really first-rate, they would not have been very demonstrative.
译文：听众不多，即便鲁道夫真是一流演奏家，他们也不会表露出多少热情／有多热烈的表现。
first-class
…even if Rudolf had been really first-rate, they would not have been very demonstrative--even if Rudolf had played very well, the audience would not have shown emotion.
From ancient times their energy had gone, first of all, into earnest toil.
译文：自古以来，他们首先必须辛勤劳动。（即：谋生是他们的首要活动，劳动之余，没有多少精力去听音乐。）
Sometimes the local schoolteacher, who reminded them of their duty to the names of Beethoven and Bach and Mozart and one or two others whose music perhaps was not much heard in those parts, collected them.
译文：当地的那位教书先生有时让他们聚在一起，给他们演奏一些曲子，让他们知道世界上有伟大的音乐家贝多芬、巴赫、莫扎特以及其作品本地老百姓不太熟悉的其他一两位音乐家。
Collected…本句谓语
Remind sb. of sth/to do sth.提醒某人某事/去做某事
Too often people sat stolidly watching the noisy little fiddler, and went home feeling gravely edified. But they paid.
译文：演奏时，听众常常是呆若木鸡地瞅着那唧唧喳喳的乐手；散场回家时，他们觉得受到深刻教育。不过钱他们总是付的。
Part 3: (Paras. 3-5)
3 As Rudolf was sailing from one town to the next along a sparsely settled shore, the northeast turned black and menacing.
along 沿着，顺着
Sparsely adv. 稀疏地, 稀少地
Menacing 险恶的
A storm was bearing down upon Iceland.
译文：一场暴风雨就要袭击冰岛了。
2 Bear down on/upon 向…迅速逼近
e.g. An enemy warship was bearing down upon ours.
approach
Rudolf was rounding a bleak, dangerous cape, and his map told him that the nearest harbor was half a day's journey away.
译文：此时鲁道夫正在一处荒凉、险要的海角行驶，据地图所示，他离最近的港口也有半天的航程。
deserted
He was starting to worry when he saw, less than a mile off shore, a lighthouse on a tiny rock island.
off shore离岸，在近海处
Lighthouse 灯塔
At the base of the lighthouse was a deep, narrow cove, protected by cliffs.
译文：灯塔的底部旁边是一个水深面窄的小海湾，四周有峭壁环抱着。
With some difficulty, in the rising seas, he put in there and moored to an iron ring that hung from the cliff.
译文：风急浪高，他好不容易靠岸，把船系泊于悬挂在峭壁上的铁环上。
rough
A flight of stairs, cut in the rock, led up to the lighthouse.
译文：在岩石上开凿出来的节节台阶一直通到灯塔。
On top of the cliff, outlined against the scudding clouds, stood a man.
译文：在翻滚乌云的衬托之下，悬崖顶上站着一个人。
2 Lead up to: 渐渐引向
e.g. His flattering words led up to a request for money.
Lead to: result in 导致
e.g. This will lead to trouble in the future.
Lead sb. by the nose: 完全控制某人
e.g. The mother always wants to lead her child by the nose.
Lead sb. to the altar/lead sb. astray: 把某人引入歧途
e.g. The girl's father blamed her boyfriend for leading her astray.
4 " You are welcome !"the voice boomed over the sound of the waves that were already beginning to break over the island.
译文："欢迎光临！"有人说，那低沉的声音在天空回响，盖过拍击小岛的海浪的轰鸣声。
5 Darkness fell quickly.
The lighthouse keeper led his guest up the spiral stairs to the living room on the third floor, then busied himself in preparation for the storm.
译文：灯塔看守人带着客人上了螺旋型楼梯，到了三层的起居室，然后就忙着准备应付暴风雨的来临。
lighthouse
2 Busy oneself in/with 使忙于
e.g. The profess sor busied himself with scientific research.
be busy doing sth
Above all, he had to attend to the great lamp in the tower, that dominated the whole region.
译文：压倒一切的任务是，他要负责照管好塔顶上的那盏统帅着全区的巨灯。
It was a continuous light, intensified by reflectors, and eclipsed by shutters at regular intervals. The duration of light was equal to that of darkness.
译文：那是一盏持续发光的灯，反射器使其更亮，百叶窗定时开合，使其时亮时暗，亮与暗的时间相等。
at intervals 相隔一定距离，不时
Part 4: （Paras. 6-9）
6 The lighthouse keeper was a huge old man with a grizzled beard that came down over his chest.
译文：灯塔看守人是个大个子的老人，苍白的胡子一直搭拉到胸前。
gray
Slow, deliberate, bearlike, he moved without wasted motion about the limited world of which he was the master.
译文：他像一只熊，行动缓慢、沉着稳重，在自己主宰的那个小天地里，活动自如，没有一个动作是多余的。
calm
He spoke little, as if words had not much importance compared to the other forces that comprised his life. Yet he was equable, as those elements were not.
译文：他话不多，好像话语没有构成他生活的大自然的力量重要，不过他很稳定，平和，而那些力量却并非如此。
constitute
2 Yet he was equable, as those elements were not--
But unlike those forces of nature he lived with all around him---the wind, storm and thunder, he was kind, calm and gentle.
7 After the supper of black bread and boiled potatoes, fish, cheese and hot tea, which they took in the kitchen above the living room,
which they took in the kitchen above the living room 非限定性定语从句，修饰supper the two men sat and contemplated each other's presence.
译文：两人相对而坐，琢磨着因何在此不期邂逅。
Above them was the maintenance room, and above that the great lamp spoke majestic, silent messages of light to the ships at sea.
译文：他们的上面是维修室，再往上是那盏巨灯，它用其光芒向海上的船只庄重而默默地发出信号。
The storm hammered like a battering ram on the walls of the lighthouse. Rudolf offered tobacco, feeling suddenly immature as he did so.
译文：暴风雨像古代的攻城槌一样撞击着灯塔的墙壁。鲁道夫拿出烟叶给老人递过去，此时他突然感到自己稚气未脱。
The old man smiled a little as he declined it by a slight movement of the head; it was as if he knew well the uses of tobacco and the need for offering it, and affirmed
it all, yet - here he, too, was halfway apologetic - was self-contained and without need of anything that was not already within his power.
译文：老人笑了笑，轻轻摇了摇头以示谢绝；好像他知道烟草的用处，也知道为什么要向他敬烟，这些他都明白，不过他颇带歉意地表示，他需要的东西什么都有，他不需要他无力享有的任何东西。
2 …he …was self-contained and without need of anything that was not already in his power--
…he…had everything he needed in the lighthouse, and didn't need anything that he didn't have.
And he sat there, gentle and reflective, his great workman hands resting on outspread thighs.
译文：于是他坐在那里，和蔼、深沉，一双劳动者的大手搭在伸开的大腿上。
8 It seemed to Rudolf that the lighthouse keeper was entirely aware of all the sounds of the storm and of its violent impact upon the lighthouse. But he knew them so well that he did not have to think about them: they were like the involuntary movements of his own heart and blood.
译文：鲁道夫感到灯塔看守人完全意识到暴风雨的一切轰鸣声以及风浪对灯塔猛烈的冲击，可是这些他都太熟悉了，没有必要去考虑，就像他对自己的心脏跳动和血液流动，从不刻意留心一样。
In the same way, beneath the simple courtesy that made him speak and listen to his guest in specific ways, he was already calmly and mysteriously a part of him, as surely as the mainland was connected with the little island, and all the islands with one another, so extensively, under the ocean.
译文：表面上看，出于起码的礼貌，他以特有的方式和客人谈话、倾听客人的见闻，但是，同样也是在不知不觉之中，在内心的深处，他已经悄悄地、神奇地和客人结合在一起了，就像这个小岛和大陆在海底连接在一起一样，就像所有的岛屿在广阔的海底连在一起一样。
good manner
9 Gradually Rudolf drew forth the sparse data of the old man's life: He had been born in this very lighthouse eighty-three years before, when his father was the lighthouse keeper.
译文：鲁道夫渐渐从老人那里了解到他简单的经历：83年以前，他就出生在这座灯塔内，那时他的父亲是看守人。
2 Draw forth 招致,使出现
e.g. Their arrogance drew forth failure.
His mother - the only woman he had ever known - had taught him to read the Bible, and he read it daily. He had no other books.
Part 5: （Paras. 10-20）
10 As a musician, Rudolf had not had time to read much either - but then, he had lived in cities.
He reached down and took his beloved violin out of its case.
译文：他躬身从盒子里拿出了心爱的小提琴。
bend
11 "What do you make with that, sir?"the old man asked.
译文："先生，这东西是做什么用的？"老人问道。
12 For a second Rudolf thought his host might be joking; but the serenity of the other's expression reassured him.
译文：有一阵子，鲁道夫以为主人是在开玩笑，不过他那认真的表情使鲁道夫确信那不是玩笑。
peace
There was not even curiosity about the instrument, but rather a whole interest in him, the person, that included his "work." In most circumstances Rudolf would have found it hard to believe that there could exist someone who did not know what a violin was; yet now he had no inclination to laugh. He felt small and inadequate.
译文：他表现出来的，甚至不是对那乐器的好奇，而是对他这个人的兴趣，包括对他的"活计"的兴趣。在其他情况下，鲁道夫决不会相信居然有人不知道小提琴为何物，可是，此刻他可不想笑，他感到自己渺小、感到自己不足。
13 "I make…music with it," he stammered in a low voice.
译文："我用它制作…音乐。"他低声、结巴地说。
14 "Music," the old man said ponderously. "I have heard of it. But I have never seen music."
译文：老人若有所思地说，"音乐，我听说过，可是从来没有见过。"
15 "One does not see music. One hears it."
译文："音乐是听的，不是看的。"
16 " Ah yes, "the lighthouse keeper consented, as it were, with humility. His wide gray eyes rested upon the little fiddler and conferred upon him all the importance of which any individual is capable.
译文："是啊，"灯塔看守人表示赞同，好像十分谦逊。他睁大了那双灰色的眼睛，目光落在那小个子乐手身上，对他刮目相看。
Confer …（title, honor, degree, etc.） on sb. 授予某人（头衔、荣誉、学位等）
17 Then something in the storm and the lighthouse and the old man exalted Rudolf, filled him with compassion and love and a spaciousness infinitely beyond himself.
He wanted to strike a work of fire and stars into being for the old man--
Rudolf wanted to play some passionate music for the old man.
excited
And, with the storm as his accompanist, he stood and began to play - the Kreutzer Sonata of Beethoven.
译文：暴风雨、灯塔和老人三者融合起来，使他心里充满了慈悲和真爱，使他的心胸顿时宽阔无比，使他超越了自我，他想为老人演奏一部感情奔放的作品。他站起身来，以暴风雨为伴奏，开始演奏贝多芬的克莱泽奏鸣曲。
18 The moments passed, moments that were days in the creation of that world of fire and stars; moments of the struggle of all men; and finally moments that showed the greatness of all human spirits. Never before had Rudolf played with such mastery - or with such an accompanist.
译文：音乐表现的时刻结束了，创作那个激情世界的日日夜夜完全体现在演奏的时刻之中，那些全人类斗争的时刻，以及最终表现人类伟大精神的时刻。鲁道夫从来没有演奏得如此出色，从来没有过如此的伴奏。
Waves and wind beat the tower with giant hands. Steadily above them the beacon threw its lifesaving beams across the dark and angry seas.
译文：风浪伸出巨手拍打着塔楼。在两人的上面，灯塔向黑暗、汹涌的大海放射出能够挽救生命的光束。
2 Beat sth./sb. back/off：击退,赶跑
e.g. The police beat off the demonstrators to let the President's car through.
Beat sth. down: 打倒;把价格压低
e.g. He wanted $10 for the dress, but I beat him down to $8.5.
Beat sb. up:痛打某人
e.g. The boys robbed the old man and beat him up.
Beat sth. up:用力搅拌（鸡蛋等）
e.g. Beat up the egg whites until they become stif
f.
Beat sb. black and blue: 把某人打得青一块紫一块
The last note ceased and Rudolf dropped his head on his chest, breathing hard. The ocean threw its water over the island with a roar as of many voices.
译文：琴声嘎然终止，鲁道夫的头向着胸膛耷拉下来，急促地喘着气。大海仍然在咆哮，犹如万民怒吼，巨浪不断拍击、吞噬着小岛。
19 The old man had sat unmoving through the work, his broad, gnarled hands resting on his thighs, his head bowed, listening massively.
译文：乐曲演奏的过程中，老人一直坐着不动，他那饱经风霜的双手放在腿上，低着头，全神贯注地听着乐曲。
For some time he continued to sit in silence. Then he looked up, lifted those hands calmly, judiciously, and nodded his head.
译文：他静静地又坐了一会儿，然后抬起头来，安详地、有见地地举起了双手，点了点头。
20 "Yes," he said. "That is true."
译文："是的，"他说，"是这么回事。"
P502
注意题目的含义。要理解listener的意思必须了解listen的意思。Listen 有两个层次的含义：（1）表层含义to make an effort to hear sth./sb.with one's ears 努力使（生理的）耳朵接受；（2）深层含义（即哲学含义）to hear within the inner ear, to contemplate, to be aware of 用心灵的耳朵听，去思考，去意识。
Ⅲ. Vocabulary Exercises
https://www.doczj.com/doc/206195286.html,plete the following sentences with words formed with different prefixes or suffixes, making changes in the spelling wherever necessary.
（n.: harm racist adj.: empty real v.: discover charge）
1）Nick, a black young man, felt he was lucky enough to work under an （non-racist）employer.
2）If you don't work very hard, of course you can't （realize） your ambition for the future.
① non - racist
② realize
3）When the cashier found she had （overcharged）me by at least 5 dollars, she apologised for her carelessness.
③ overcharged
4） Most smokers know that smoking is （harmful）, but not many would like to quit
it.
④ harmful
5）When her children grew up and gone, she felt a（n）（emptiness）.
⑤ emptiness
https://www.doczj.com/doc/206195286.html,plete the following sentences.
1） Put suitable prepositions or adverbs in the blanks.
（1）It occurred （to） him that the thief might have escaped through the window.
occur to sb
think of sth saddening
（2）The children sat still （through/throughout） the performance.
（3）He hit （upon） a good idea of contacting his friends- through the Internet.
（4） He devoted all his spare time （to） stamp collection.
devo to to
（5）In his poem, the speaker compared his love （to） a summer's day.
compare to
（6）Compared （with/to） John, Peter is better （in） every respect.
（7）We have to take exams （at） regular intervals.
（8）We love our country （in） the same way as we love our mother.
（9）Sorry. It's not （in） my power to give you that kind of information.
（10） All roads lead （to） Rome.
2） Choose the right word for each blank and put the verb in the right form.
（1） raise, rise
A. The chairman （rose） from his seat and declared the meeting open.
B. He （raised） himself from the ground and walked on.
raise [ei] vt + n/代
rise [ai] vi + prep/x
rise （过去时）rose 、risen
（2） stop, cease
A. The library card has （ceased）to be effective.
B. The baby （stopped）crying as soon as he saw his mother.
sth cease
sb或sth stop
（3） agree, consent
A. Both parties （agree/agreed） on these terms.
B. She （consented）to the doctor's assertion that her son was ill, but she would not consent to having him hospitalized.
agree on sth
agree with sb
agree to sth
consent to sth
consent to doing sth
（4） sensible, sensitive
A. Be careful not to criticize him too openly. He's very （sensitive）.
B. She's very （sensible） about money.
（5） sorry, sorrowful
A. I could see from her （sorrowful） face how unhappy she was.
B. I felt （sorry） for the children when I heard of their divorce.
sorrowful 定
be sorry for sth sb
4. Choose the best word for each blank.
Communication is the （1）（key）（answer, core, key, solution） to any social system, and organizations the world over are communicating more with such technological （2）（advances）（advances, enhances, gains, proofs）as voice-mail, electronic mail boxes, fax machines.
A few years ago, my department office was one of the first to have a simple （3）（answering）（answer, answered, answering, answering-use） machine . Now the entire faculty is （4）（hooked）（associated, connected, hooked, linked）into e-mail, so a message arrives in the electronic mailbox of the （5）（desired）（asked, desired, hoped, needed）person and waits for him to get it. The messages can be stored, responded to, passed （6）(along)（along, away, off, out）printed, or deleted as （7）（desired）（desire, desired, desiring, having desired）.
One of the effects of the new e-mail system is to create（8）（more）（more, much, quite, rather） rapid responses. Letter, or memos that were sent in an envelope through the mail room （9）（took）（cost, occupied, spent, took）two days to deliver, and the messages that were （10）（taken）（dealt, taken, translated, treated）by machines or office workers were not always accurate. In（11）（addition）（adding, addition, extra, sum）,it took three parties to respond to the telephone message. Now communication is direct, thus freeing up secretarial time and energy for other tasks.
Furthermore, the use of paper has diminished greatly, and no longer（12）（do）（can, do, must, should）we hunt for a scrap of paper with someone's name and number. Just check your log, and you have automatic reply capacity along with the time and date the person sent you the message.
With the development of modems for home computers, many organizations are （13）（finding）（dreaming, finding, looking, observing）that their employees answer mail and work projects from remote locations. Thanks to the Internet and the World Wide Web, you can get and send messages just about anyplace where you can plug a computer into a telephone line.
This technology is not（14）（without）(lack of, short of, with, without)its shortcomings and can work only if the people with whom you wish to communicate are also plugged into the system. Nevertheless, nearly every organization and the people who work in them are seeing how （15）（electronic）（electric, electrical, electronic, electrical）communication is beginning to affect our organizational lives.
Ⅰ.语法和词汇填空。阅读下面的句子或对话，从A、B、C和D四个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项的字母涂黑。(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 1. He was educated at the local grammar school, after ______ he went on to Cambridge. A. when B. what C. which D. where 2. There’s no ______ to make an appointment. Just come to my office anytime after 10 in the morning. A. time B. need C. good D. chance 3. —Could I have a look at your essay to get a few ideas? —______ A. Sure. Why not? B. Yes, that’s right. C. Don’t mention it. D. That sounds great. 4. Even if you fail the first time, you should ______ trying. A. hold on B. go on C. work out D. carry out 5. A tall man walked into the bar in a woollen sweater, a jacket ____ at his waist. A. to tie B. tie C. ties D. tied 6. My father is a businessman and is often away from home. Sometimes I wish that he ______ making less money. A. will be B. has been C. were D. is 7. Technology has indeed had a direct ______ on our life today. A. change B. effort C. effect D. role 8. ______ you stop working for a while, you will be tired out. A. As B. Unless C. If D. When 9. Biological science should be developed to do good ______ harm to people. A. other than B. less than C. better than D. rather than 10.______ it was getting dark, we decided to stop at a hotel for the night. A. Since B. If C. Though D. That 11. The two boys look very much alike, but Robert is ______ one. A. the tallest B. the taller C. tall D. taller 12. The teacher, as well as three of his students, ______ taken an interest in traditional Chinese painting. A. is B. are C.has D. have 13. If I ______ harder at mathematics in school, I would have a much better chance of getting a good job. A. worked B. had worked C. were to work D. were working 14. Gone are the days ______ I was young and as strong as a horse.
Text-B The Language of Confidence The language we use program s our brain s.Master ing our language gives us a great degree of mastery over our lives and our destinies. It is important to use language in the best way possible in order to dramatically improve your quality of life. program 程序 brain 大脑 master 主人、精通 degree 程度 destinies 命运 possible 可能的 dramatically 显著的 improve 改善 quality 品质 Even the smallest of words can have the deepest effect on our sub-conscious mind.It is like a child,it doesn’t really understand the difference between what really happens and what you imagine. It is eager to please and willing to carry out any commands that you give it-whether you do this knowingly or not is entirely up to you. "Try" even 甚至 effect 影响 sub-conscious 潜意识 mind 记忆 imagine 想象 eager 渴望 to carry out 执行 command 命令 knowingly 故意的 entirely 完全的 It is a small word yet it has an amazing impact upon us. If someone says, "I'll try to do that" you know that they are not going to be putting their whole heart into it, and may not even do it at all. How often do you use the word try when talking about the things that matter to you? Do you say "I'll try to be more confident" or "I'll try to do that" or "I'll try to call"?
全国2010年4月自学考试综合英语（二）试题 课程代码：00795 请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上 I. GRAMMARAND VOCABULARY Complete each of the following 15 sentences with the most likely answer. Write the letter corresponding to your choice on the answer sheet. (1 point each, 15 points in all) 1. I was shocked by the number of people who seemed to have nothing better to do with their time than ______ to know fish better. A. get B. gets C. getting D. got 2. Not all birds can fly , ______ do all birds build nests. A. not B. no C. never D. nor 3. Whe n you fall in love for the first time, it’s surprising ______ inconveniences you can put up with. A. that B. what C. which D. those 4. I know my limitations, so I won’t do anything ______ my ability. A. beyond B. under C. above D. below 5. The hosts apologized for ______ that some of their guests might be vegetarians. A. having not considered B. not having considered C. having not been considering D. not considering 6. Mrs. Smith locked both the front and the back doors before she went to bed ______ that someone might steal into the house at night. A. so B. for fear C. unless D. on condition 1 全国2010年4月自学考试综合英语（二）试题
综合英语（一）下 Lesson One The Story of an Hour 一小时的故事 Kate Chopin Learning Guide 一位已婚女士闻其丈夫惨死于火车事故，不顾自己衰弱的心脏能否经受得住，当即入放声痛哭，随后又不顾亲友的劝告将自己锁在屋内。她推开窗子，迎来外面雨后的一片春意盎然。那充满生机的景象突然唤醒了长期隐藏在她心底深处的愿望，她感到了身心从未有过的自由。正当她憧憬着未来的自由时?? 1They knew that Louise Mallard had a weak heart. So they broke the bad news gently. Her husband, Brently, was dead. 他们知道路易丝·马拉德的心脏不太好，所以把坏消息透露给她时非常委婉。她的丈夫布伦特里死 了 2“ There was a train accident, Louise, ” said her sister Josephine, quietly. 3Her husband's friend, Richards, brought the news, but Josephine told the story. She spoke in broken 4“ Richards ?waast the newspaper office. News of the accident came. Louise ?Lou iBsere, ntly's name was on the list. Brently ?was killed, Louise. ” “出了一次火车事故，路易丝。”姐姐约瑟芬轻声说道。带来消息的是她丈夫的朋友理查兹，但告诉她的是约瑟芬。约瑟芬在讲述时语不成句。 “理查兹当时正在报社，消息传了过来。路易丝??路易丝，死者的名单上有布伦特里的名字。布 伦特里??遇难了，路易丝。” 5Louise did not hear the story calmly, like some women would.She could not close her mind or her heart to the news. Like a sudden storm , her tears broke out . She cried, at once, loudly in her sister's arms. Then, just as suddenly, the tears stopped. She went to her room alone. She would not let anyone follow her. 路易丝听到这个噩耗，没有像有些妇女所可能表现的那样平静。她不可能做到无动于衷。泪水像突如其 来的暴雨，夺眶而出。她立时呼号起来，在姐姐的怀里放声大哭。随后她的泪水就像它们突然来时的那样又突然止住了。她独自走进自己的房间，不让任何人跟着进去。 6In front of the window stood a large, comfortable armchair. Into this she sank and looked out of the window. She was physically exhausted after her tears. Her body felt cold; her mind and heart were empty. 7Outside her window she could see the trees. The air smelled like spring rain. She could hear someone singing far away. Birds sang near the house. Blue sky showed between the clouds. She rested. 窗前放着一把又大又舒适的扶手椅。她疲惫地坐到椅子上，向窗外望去。哭过之后，她筋疲力尽。她浑身冰凉，脑子里和心里一片空白
??????????????????????精品自学考试资料推荐?????????????????? 全国 2018 年 7 月自学考试综合英语（一）试题 课程代码： 00794 Ⅰ、词法和词汇。从 A 、 B、 C、 D 四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将所选答案的字母填在答题纸相应的位置上。（本大题共20 小题，每小题 1 分，共 20 分） 1 .Tom has three _____. A. brothers-in-law B. brother-in-laws C. brother-in-law D. brothers in law 2. Measles (麻疹 ) _____ a long time to get over. A. take B. takes C. spend D. spends 3. I caught the last bus from town; but Tom came home __ than I. A. more late B. more later C. even later D. the later 4. It _____ that the young Marine was not the old man ’ s son. A. turned out B. came to C. happened to D. looked out 5. The wind died ____ and it began to rain. A. off B. out C. up D. away 6. You shouldn ’ t take _____ of that child who knows nothing about it. A. chance B. advantage C. away D. benefit 7. In America, many white people are _____ the black people. A. prejudiced to B. prejudicing against C. prejudiced against D. prejudiced at 8. The soldier reported what he had seen to the general _____. A. an time B. upon time 1
系动词 系动词，亦称连系动词（Link Verb）。作为系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语，亦称补语（形容词），构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。英语除动词be 之外，还有一些动词也可以做系动词，如表示状态或情况的：keep, look, feel, appear, lie, remain, seem, stay, smell, sound, taste等；以及表示变化的：get, grow, turn, fall, run, become, go, 等。 1. to be 可以加在seem, prove, remain, appear 等系动词和其后的名词或形容词之间，但也可以省略。 E.g. The task proved (to be) impossible. E.g. They seem (to be) such friendly people, but they never replied to our invitation. 注意：在seem, appear 等词后，可加其他非to be 不定式，但这时他们不是系动词，而是不及物动词。 Courtesy, politeness, good manner? Call it what you will, the supply never seems to equal the demand. 非人称代词it 做句子的形式主语 1. 代表不定式 E.g. It is absurd to be afraid under such circumstances. 2. 代表动名词 E.g. It is terrible trying to keep up with the Jones. 3. 代表that 引导的从句 E.g. It is plain to everyone that she was offended. 4. 代表wh- 引导的从句 E.g. As long as he finishes his work, it doesn’t matter when he comes to the office. 做句子的形式宾语 1. 代表不定式 E.g. They found it difficult to get along with him. 2. 代表从句 E.g. I think it best that you (should) stay with me. E.g. He soon made it clear why he had asked a conference. 用来改变句子结构，使句子某一成分得到强调
Lesson One Twelve Things l Wish They Taught at School Carl Sagan Learning Guide 俗话说：“活到老，学到老。”人的一生就是不断学习、不断丰富和充实自己的过程。青少年阶段， 尤其是中学阶段，无疑是学习的最佳时期。中学教育的重点应放在什么地方？美国著名科学家和科普 作家萨根批评中学只抓各个学科具体内容的做法，他认为中学要注重对青少年的宏观教育，使他们建 立起唯物的世界观和宇宙观，使他们能够正确对待自己，关心周围的世界——人类生存的环境和自己 的地球同胞。 1. I attended junior and senior high school, public institutions in New York and New Jersey, just after the Second World War. It seems a long time ago. ① The facilities and the skills of the teachers were probably well above average for the United States at that time.Since then, I've learned a great deal. One of the most important things I've learned is how much there is to learn, ② and how much I don't yet know.③ Sometimes I think how grateful I would be today if I had learned more back then about what really matters. In some respects that education was terribly narrow; the only thing I ever heard in school about Napoleon was that the United States made the Louisiana Purchase from him. ④(On a planet where some 95% of the inhabitants are not Americans, the only history that was thought worth teaching was American history. ) In spelling, grammar, the fundamentals of math, and other vital subjects, my teachers did a pretty good job. But there's so much else I wish 2.Perhaps all the deficiencies have since been rectified. It seems to me there are many things (often more a matter of attitude and perception than the simple memorization of facts) that the schools should teach — things
全国自考英语《综合英语一》历年真题详解 2015年全国自考《综合英语（一）》真题及详解 课程代码：00794 选择题部分 I. 语法和词汇填空。阅读下面的句子，从A、B、C和D四个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项的字母涂黑。（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20） 1. Down about two hundred yards _____ three logs right across the stream. A. is B. are C. have D. has 【答案】B查看答案 【解析】句意：沿着溪流对面向下二百码的地方，有三根木头。方位副词down 位于句首，句子全部倒装，谓语动词与主语three logs保持一致，用复数形式。B项符合题意，故选B项。 2. She has always enjoyed reading newspapers, magazines and books, all of _____ have been of great help to her in television reporting. A. that B. them
D. which 【答案】D查看答案 【解析】句意：她一直都很喜欢阅读报纸、杂志和书籍，这些对她在电视上的报道有很大的帮助。两个句子都有谓语动词，且用逗号隔开，故为非限定性定语从句，只能用关系代词which引导。D项符合题意，故选D项。 3. The reason _____ his being late was that the flight he took had been delayed. A. of B. in C. for D. with 【答案】C查看答案 【解析】句意：他迟到的原因是航班延误了。the reason for 为固定搭配，表示“……的原因”。C项符合题意，故选C项。 4. Keep trying, and you’ll figure it out. You know _____ they say: if at first you don’t succeed, try, try again. A. why B. what C. how
2010年7月高教自考综合英语二试题 课程代码：00795 I.语法、词汇。从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个正确答案，并将所选答案的字母填在答题纸相应的位置上。错选、多选或未选均无分。(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) Complete each of the following sentences with the most likely answer．(15 points) 1．She was invited to go to the ball but she did not even have ______ to go with her dress．A．a piece of jewelry B．piece of jewelry C．a jewelry D．one jewelry 2．I'd like to have ______ with you sometime this week about your approaching exams． A．a word B．some word C．some words D．one word 3．What _D______ honest man he is! A．a B．/ C．the D. an 4．Tomorrow it will be cloudy, with a few sunny _A_____ ． A．intervals B．periods C．steps D．instance 5．The coach felt that he was responsible ______his team's total failure in the championships．A．at B．for C．in D．on 6．_______to the dinner party, he went to a movie to kill time． A．Not to be invited B．Not having been invited C．Having not been invited D．Not having invited 7．In many parts of the world the only _______ water supply lies below the ground．A．continuous B．permanent C．instant D．constant 8．He is determined to get _______ of the profit than he had been offered． A．ten percent more B．ten more percent C．more ten percent D．as many as ten percent 9.The temple was built on a hillside, _______was a pleasant，winding valley． A．by which B．under which C．below which D．down which 10．I would have gone with you，but I _______too tired． A．was B．had been C．must be D．must have been 11．Mark often attempts to escape _______ whenever he breaks traffic regulations．A．having been fined B．to have been fined C．to be fined D．being fined 12．We didn't know his telephone number；otherwise we _______ him. A．would have telephoned B．must have telephoned C．would telephone D．had telephoned 13．That was so serious a matter that I had no choice but _______ the police.
Unit1 A Learning, Chinese-Style Unit2 A A Life Full of Riches Unit3 A Father Knows Better Unit4 A A Virtual Life Unit5 A True Height Unit6 A A Woman Can Learn Anything a Man Can Unit1 Howard Gardner, a professor of education at Harvard University, reflects on a visit to China and gives his thoughts on different approaches to learning in China and the West. 哈佛大学教育学教授霍华德·加德纳回忆其中国之行，阐述他对中西方不同的学习方式的看法。 Learning, Chinese-Style Howard Gardner 1 For a month in the spring of 1987, my wife Ellen and I lived in the bustling eastern Chinese city of Nanjing with our 18-month-old son Benjamin while studying arts education in Chinese kindergartens and elementary schools. But one of the most telling lessons Ellen and I got in the difference between Chinese and American ideas of education came not in the classroom but in the lobby of the Jinling Hotel where we stayed in Nanjing. 中国式的学习风格 霍华德·加德纳 1987年春，我和妻子埃伦带着我们18个月的儿子本杰明在繁忙的中国东部城市南京住了一个月，同时考察中国幼儿园和小学的艺术教育情况。然而，我和埃伦获得的有关中美教育观念差异的最难忘的体验并非来自课堂，而是来自我们在南京期间寓居的金陵饭店的大堂。 2 The key to our room was attached to a large plastic block with the room number on it. When leaving the hotel, a guest was encouraged to turn in the key, either by handing it to an attendant or by dropping it through a slot into a box. Because the key slot was narrow, the key had to be positioned carefully to fit into it. 我们的房门钥匙系在一块标有房间号的大塑料板上。酒店鼓励客人外出时留下钥匙，可以交给服务员，也可以从一个槽口塞入钥匙箱。由于口子狭小，你得留神将钥匙放准位置才塞得进去。 3 Benjamin loved to carry the key around, shaking it vigorously. He also liked to try to place it into the slot. Because of his tender age and incomplete understanding of the need to position the key just so, he would usually fail. Benjamin was not bothered in the least. He probably got as much pleasure out of the sounds the key made as he did those few times when the key actually found its way into the slot. 本杰明爱拿着钥匙走来走去，边走边用力摇晃着。他还喜欢试着把钥匙往
全国2019年10月高等教育自学考试 综合英语（一）试题 课程代码：00794 Ⅰ.用适当语法形式或词汇填空。从A、B、C和D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将所选答案的字母涂黑。（本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分） 1.This dress cost me（）the one I am wearing. A. twice as much as B. as twice much as C. as much twice as D. much as twice as 2.John suggested that we（）have the evening party this Sunday. A. didn’t B. not C. wouldn’t D. not to 3.Our team（）three matches so far this year, and we still have some more games to play. A. was winning B. has won C. wins D. had won 4.John’s never been to London.（）. A. And hasn’t Tom B. Nor Tom hasn’t C. Neither has Tom D. Tom hasn’t neither 5.I’m interested in（）you told me that day. A. all that B. which C. all what D. that 6.My sister has always regretted（）the opportunity to go to college. A. not to take B. not take C. having not taken D. not having taken 7.I（）to attend a social gathering, but something came up. A. have wanted B. had wanted C. want D. have been wanting 8.Cynthia said that she was not feeling well,（） A. didn’t she B. did she C. wasn’t she D. was she 9.（）is reported in today’s newspaper, a medical team will be sent to the western area of the country. A. It B. Which C. That D. As 10.（）cold and windy, most children in the community stayed indoors. A. Being B. It being C. It was D. To be 11.Looking out of the window, （）outside. A. it was a young man B. there was a young man C. a young man was D. I saw a young man 1
自考综合英语二真题附答案
绝密★考试结束前 全国4月高等教育自学考试 综合英语(二)试题和答案 课程代码：00795 请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。 选择题部分 注意事项： 1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。 2. 每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。不能答在试题卷上。 I. GRAMMARAND VOCABULARY Complete each of the following 15 sentences with the most likely answer. Blacken the letter corresponding to your choice on the answer sheet. (1 point each, 15 points in all) 1. Mr. Johnson ______ rather not invest that money in the stock market. A. should B. could C. would D. must
2. Americans eat ______ vegetables per person today as they did in 1910. A. more than twice many B. as twice as many C. as many as twice D. twice as many 3. In 1900, the energy derived from burning petroleum was only four percent ______ of coal. A. that B. this C. what D. which 4. Many patients insist on having watches with them in hospital, ______ they have no schedules to keep. A. since B. even though C. so D. as if 5. In summer, she would sit in the garden enjoying the fresh air and the smell of the things she ______. A. was planting B. had planted C. has planted D. would plant 6. There ______ nothing more for discussion, the meeting ended earlier than expected. A. to be B. to have been C. being D. be 7. ______ we can hope for is to avoid complete failure in the coming game with that strong team. A. For the best B. With the best C. At best D. The best
全国2018年7月自考综合英语(一)试题 课程代码：00794 I. 用适当的语法形式或词汇填空。从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将其代码填在答题纸相应的位置上。(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 1. I planned（）the task before last Sunday, but failed because of a bad cold. A. to finish B. to have finished C. finishing D. having finished 2. Tom has been writing letters all morning, but he should finish them by now,（）? A. has he B. hasn’t he C. should he D. shouldn’t he 3. We can make some changes in the plan（）you find anything improper. A. in case B. unless C. so that D. even though 4. The manner in which he talked reminded me（）his grandfather. A. in B. by C. of D. towards 5. He has made another wonderful discovery,（）of great importance to science. A. I think which it B. which I think is C. that I think is D. which I think it is 6. It’s 10∶00 a.m. Mr. Johnson（）home now, for he told me that he would meet me in his office at this time. A. must be B. mustn’t be C. can be D. can’t be 1
综合英语二课文总结 上册 Lesson One: Twelve Things I wish they taught at school Outline: The author attended junior and senior high school in New York and New Jersey. Sometimes he think how grateful he would be today if he had learned more back then about what really matters. List of the things that school should teach: -Pick a difficult thing and learn it well. While you learn a little bit about many subjects, make sure you learn a great deal about one or two. -Don’t be afraid to ask “stupid” questions. Many apparently naive questions are really deep questions. -Listen carefully. Try to understand what they are saying, what experience is behind their remarks. -Everybody makes mistakes. The only embarrassment is in not learning from your mistakes. -Know your planet. -Science and technology. The great discoveries in modern science are also great discoveries of the human spirit. -Don't spend your life watching TV. -Culture Don’t restrict to American or Western culture. -Compassion Our passion to understand the universe and our compassion for others jointly provide the chief hope for the human race. Lesson Two: Icons Outline: Heroes and cultural icons People today choose media icons for their “most admired” list. Definition: Heroes and heroines are men and women distinguished by uncommon courage, achievements, and self-sacrifice made often for the benefit of others. Cultural icons are people who manage to transcend celebrity, who are legendary, who somehow manage to become mythic. Being somebody