《微型计算机接口技术》试题4
（开卷120分钟）
班级_________ 学号__________ 姓名_____________
一、填空（每空0.5分，共30分）
1．所谓的接口其实就是________________________________。
2．为了能够进行数据的可靠传输，接口应具备以下功能：_____________、________________、_______________、______________、_____________、_____________。
3．计算机与外设之间的数据传送有以下几种基本方式：______________、____________、_______________、____________________。
4．在8086/8088系统中，I/O端口的地址采用__________编址方式，访问端口时使用专门的_________________。
5．在以80X86为处理器的微机中能寻址的最大端口数为_______ ，但在早期的IBM-PC机中，由于只用了____ 根地址线作为I/O端口的寻址，因此其最大的寻址端口数为_____ 。
6．74LS688的主要功能是：________________ 。
7．面向处理器的总线的优点是：_________________________ 。
8．总线根据其用途和应用场合，可以分为以下类型：____________ 、_________ 、________ 、__________ 。ISA总线属于_________ 总线。9．计算机与外设之间的数据传送有以下几种基本方式：_____________ 、____________ 、______________ 和______________ 。
10．SCSI总线的中文名为_______________ ，它是__________ 芯的信号线，最多可连接_________ 个外设。
11．USB总线的中文名为________________，它是__________芯的信号线，
最多可支持________个外设。
12．80X86的CPU有两条外部中断请求线____________ 和___________ 。
这两条线上来的中断都属于_____________ 中断。
13．特殊嵌套方式与一般嵌套方式相比，其特点是：______________________________ 。
14．ICW3命令字的功能是_______________，如果写入主片的ICW3为08H，则说明_______________________________。
15．8259A的地址引脚A0=1时读出的内容是：______________________ 。16．8253的核心功能部件是：____________ 。
17．8253每个通道有有______ 种工作方式可供选择。
18．8253的一个计数通道的最大计数值为________ 。如果采用BCD计数方式且为三片级联，则8253最大可计数到______________ 。19．8255的方式选择字和PC口的置位/复位字都是写入________ 口的，为了区别写入的两条命令，命令的______ 位作为特征位。
20．当8255工作于方式1时，其引脚信号IBF表示_______________ ，OBF 表示___________________ 。
21．8255A有_____ 种工作方式，其中只有_____ 口有2方式。
22．对于一个N行M列的矩阵键盘，其按键数为_________ ，信号线的数目为________ 。
23．扫描码的D7=0表示_______________________ 。
24．键盘数据线为_____ 芯数据线。
25．8251串行通信按通信的信息格式不同，分为________ 和__________ 两种方式，它们的传送对象分别是_______ 和_________ 。
26．RS-232进行三线连接时，连接_________ 三个引脚。
27．RS-232的引脚信号中，CTS表示_________________。
二、填空（每空1分，共10分）
1．某时刻8259A的IRR寄存器中的内容是80H，说明______________________________；某时刻8259A的ISR寄存器中的内容是80H，说明______________________。
2．在两片8259A级连的中断电路中，主片的IR4请求线作为从片的中断请求输入，则初始化主片时的ICW3为______，从片的ICW3为_____。3．8253的CLK1接2MHz的时钟，欲使OUT1产生频率为5KHz的连续脉冲信号，则8253的计数值应为______，应选用的工作方式是_______。
该计数值写入______（填计数器名）；写入时按___________顺序写入4．人机接口若要显示字符“P”，在共阳极连接的LED显示器中，相应的段码是______；在共阳极连接的LED显示器中相应的段码是______；
三、简答：（每题5分，共20分）
1．下图中的译码电路所确定的端口地址为____________H。
2．下图为IBM_PC中键盘与主机的硬件连接示意图，试根据此图叙述：当用户按下某一键后，键盘中断的产生及执行的全过程。
3． 作图叙述频移键控的工作原理。
4． 简述分离式传输的工作过程及其优点。
四、软、硬件设计（每题10分，共40分）
1．设某系统使用两片8259A管理中断。主片的端口地址为40H和41H，工作于边沿触发、特殊完全嵌套、非自动结束和非缓冲方式；从片的端口地址为10H和11H，工作于边沿触发、完全嵌套、非自动结束和非缓冲方式；主片的中断类型号为08~0FH，从片的中断类型号为80~87H。从片的INT 请求线连入主片的IR5线。
（1）画出主从片的级联图；
（2）编写主、从片初始化程序
2．图为用一片8255A控制八个8段共阴极LED数码管的电路。现要求按
下某开关，其代表的数字(K1为1，K2为2，…K8为8)在数码管上从左到右循环显示（已有一个延时子程序DELAY可以调用），直到按下另一个开关。假定8255A的口A、B、C及控制口的地址依次为60~63H，PA口用于输出显示段码，PB口用于选择8个LED显示器的位控制，PC口读入开关状态。编写完成上述功能的程序，应包括8255A的初始化、控制程序和数码管的显示代码表。
3．有一组发光二极管，提供高电平，二极管发光；提供低电平，二极管熄灭。现要求8个发光二极管依次轮流点亮，每个点亮时间为500毫秒。设8253的输入CLK=1KHz。
（1）试设计完成该功能的电路。
（2）请给出所用芯片的端口地址（自己设定）以及计数器中所赋初值。（3）编制相应的程序。
4．设某系统采用DAC0832产生连续的锯齿波形。
（1）设V REF=5V，求该DAC在输入值为30H和60H时的输出电压是多少？若要其输出3V的模拟电压，则应输入的值为多少？
（2）设该DAC的片选地址为200H和300H可选，试为其设计译码电路。（3）编写锯齿波发生程序。
业务财务供应链管理一体化 ——用友业务财务一体化系统在天翼电信的成功案例企业简介 天翼电信终端有限公司（以下简称天翼终端公司）是中国电信的全资子公司，由中国电信股份有限公司持有99.5%股权，中国电信集团公司持有0.5%股权。公司成立于2008 年10月，注册资本金5亿元人民币，在全国三十一个省、市、自治区以及300个地市级城市设有分支机构。公司主要经营范围为手机、有线或无线通信终端等的批发、零售及维修、客户服务等。公司手机销量和销售额连续高速增长，年销量突破1000万台，年销售额超过100亿元，销量连年占据CDMA市场90％以上的份额，是国内最大的一家具有运营商特色的终端分销企业。 项目背景 天翼电信终端有限公司包括：天翼总部、31家省级分公司、300多家市级分公司。 天翼终端公司成立之后，因为没有自己的IT业务支撑系统来对业务和财务进行有效的管理和支撑，总部无法及时获得销售情况和财务信息，而且由于缺少信息沟通渠道，总部和分公司在终端的采购、库存等方面沟通困难，不利于公司根据运营情况及时制定合理的市场战略。
因此增强各级机构间的业务协同、实时掌握终端的进销存情况及各省级、地市分公司的财务状况，提高工作效率、统一调度企业内部资源成为企业迫切需要解决的问题，用友根据天翼电信的具体业务需求配合天翼电信进行IT系统规划，通历经三个月的时间使天翼电信信息化建设业务财务一体化项目的性质、范围与目标逐步清晰。 项目目标 项目建设的总体目标如下： 通过先进的网络手段，实现信息共享，提高工作效率。 通过一个有效的信息管理系统，整合企业的物流、资金流、信息流。在采购管理、销售管理、物流管理、客户管理、供应商 管理、价格管理、业绩考核等方面，实现集团业务的统一监控 与管理。 实现对总部、省分、地市公司的监控和管理，对业务过程的全程监控，实现事后的责任追溯，降低管理风险。 实现资源有效调配，降低库存积压，提高货品周转速度。合理分布库存，做到无积压、不缺货。 及时有效跟踪客户，提升服务质量，提高客户满意度。 及时提供集团级的业务数据报表，综合分析各类业务数据，为决策层提供决策依据，提升决策质量。 项目建设的具体目标为实现全面支持天翼电信采购管理、销售管理、零售管理、库存管理、合同管理以及财务管理和报表分析业务。
大学英语四级模拟题四 Part One Reading Comprehension (2’×10 = 20’) Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Passage One Air pollution can spread from city to city. It even spreads from one country to another. Some northern European countries have had “black snow”from pollutants that have traveled through the air from other countries and have fallen with the snow. So air pollution is really a global problem. Air pollution can kill babies, older people, and those who have respiratory（呼吸的）diseases. As found in cities, air pollution increases the risks of certain lung diseases. Air pollution can cause both airplane and car accidents because it cuts down visibility （能见度）. There are other possible health dangers from air pollution that we don’t know much about. For example, scientists are trying to find out whether chemicals that reach us from the air may cause changes in our cells. These changes might cause babies to be born with serious birth defects. Scientists are trying to learn how all the many chemicals are apt（易于的）to take into our bodies from air, water, food, and even medicines act together to affect our health and the way our bodies work. That is another reason why it is so important to begin to control pollution now instead of waiting until we learn all the answers. Air pollution costs us a lot of money. It corrodes（腐蚀）our buildings. It damages farm crops and forests. It has a destructive effect on our works of art. The cost of all this damage to our government is great. It would be much more worthwhile, both for us and for the government, to spend our tax dollars on air pollution control. 1. Air pollution may lead to airplane accidents because . A. it may cause pilots to be ill B. engines may fail from the air-borne dirt C. visibility is reduced D. it brings a lot of black snow 2. Scientists are trying to find a link between pollution and . A. intelligence levels B. birth problems C. man’s behavior D. the nervous system 3. Scientists have not yet determined . A. all of the effects of pollution on the human body B. how pollution can be controlled successfully C. when the atmosphere first became polluted D. how some snow becomes black 4. The author suggests that before air pollution becomes more serious, . A. factories will be forced to stop operating B. buildings should be protected C. the earth will begin to grow colder D. more money should be spent to solve the problem 5. We can conclude that . A. civilization may be ruined if pollution is not controlled B. pollution is more serious in Europe than it is in America C. most people do not know that pollution is a serious problem D. we should learn all the answers before we begin to control pollution Passage Two Stiletto heels could be banned from the workplace because of health and safety reasons, according to British Trade Union bosses. The Trade Union Congress, predominantly male, has proposed a motion arguing that high heels are disrespectful to women while they also contribute to long term injuries. They propose instead that women wear “sensible shoes”with an inch heel limit in an attempt to avoid future foot and back pain as well as injuries. The motion is due to be debated at next month’s conference. The motion states: “Congress believes high heels may look glamorous on the Hollywood catwalks but are completely in appropriate for the day-to-day working environment. Feet bear the burden of daily life, and for many workers prolonged standing, badly fitted footwear, and in particular high heels can be a hazard. Around two million days a year are lost through sickness as a result of lower limb disorders. Wearing high heels can cause long-term foot problems and also serious foot, knee and back pain and damaged joints. Many employers in the retail sector force women workers to wear high heels as part of their dress code. More must be done to raise awareness of this problem so that women workers and their feet are protected.” Nadline Dorries, the Tory Member of Parliament, however criticized the motion and said the extra height heels give women can help them when in the workplace. “I’m 5ft 3in and need every inch of my Christian Louboutin heels to look my male colleagues in the eye,”she said. “If high heels were banned in Westminster, no one would be able to find me. The Trade Union leaders need to get real, stop using obvious sexist tactics by discussing women’s
2001年1月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题试卷 Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Example: You will hear: You will read: A) 2 hours. B) 3 hours. C) 4 hours. D) 5 hours. From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish
选择题 1、主频为12MHz的单片机他的机器周期为（c）。 A、1/12微秒 B、0.5微秒 C、1微秒 D、2微秒 2、MCS-51系列单片机是属于（C）体系结构。 A、冯诺依曼 B、普林斯顿 C、哈佛 D、图灵 3、定时器/计数器工作方式0为（A）。 A、13位定时/计数方式 B、16位定时/计数方式 C、8位可自动装入计数初值方式 D、2个8位方式 6、MCS-51单片机每个机器周期都要进行中断查询，查询的是（A）。 A、中断标志位 B、中断允许控制位 C、中断优先级控制位 D、外部中断触发方式控制位 7、当外部中断被设置为下降沿触发时，对触发信号的要求是高、低电平的持续时间均应大于（B）。 A、1个机器周期 B、2个机器周期 C、4个机器周期 D、8个机器周期 8、在下列寄存器中，与定时器/计数器无关的是（C）。scon是控制寄存器 A、TCON B、TMOD C、SCON D、IE 9、若欲将T0设置为定时器方式2、T1设置为计数器方式1，T0、T1均采用软件启/停控制，则方式寄存器TMOD的方式控制字为（B）。 A、00100101 B、01010010 C、10101101 C、1101101010 10、当晶振频率为6MHz、定时/计数器工作于方式1，最大定时时间为（D）。 A、8.192ms B、16.384ms C、65.53ms D、131.072 11、当晶振频率为6MHz，定时/计数器T0工作于定时器方式2，若要求定时值为0.2ms，则定时初值为（A）。 A、156 B、56 C、100 D、200 12、设MCS-51单片机的晶振频率为12MHz，定时器作计数器使用时，其最高的输入计数频率为（C）。 A、2MHz B、1MHz C、500KHz D、250KHz 13、利用下列（D）关键字可以改变工作寄存器组。 A、interrupt B、sfr C、while D、using 14、（D）是c语言提供的合法的数据类型关键字。 A、Float B、signed C、integer D、Char 15、12MHz晶振的单片机在定时器工作方式下，定时器中断记一个数所用的定时时间是（A）。 A、1us B、2us C、4us D、8us 16、8051单片机的定时器/计数器工作方式1是（B）。 A、8位计数器结构 B、16位计数器结构 C、13位计数器结构 D、2个8位计数器结构 17线反转法识别有效按键时，如果读入的列线全为1，则说明（A）。 A、没有键被按下 B、有一个案件被按下
洛基英语，中国在线英语教育领导品牌 Model Test 1 Part One Listening Comprehension Section A Directions： In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said - Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A）, B）, C）and D）, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a line through the centre. Example： You will hear： You will read： A） At the office. B） In the waiting room. C） At the airport. D） In a restaurant. From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening. This is most likely to have taken place at the office. Therefore, A） At the office is the best answer. You should choose [A] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre. 1. A） She is not interested in the article. B） She has given the man much trouble. C） She would like to have a copy of the article. D） She doesn't want to take the trouble to read the article. 2. A） He saw the big tower he visited on TV~ B） He has visited the TV tower twice. C） He has visited the TV tower once. D） He will visit the TV tower in June. 3. A） The woman has trouble getting along with the professor. B） The woman regrets having taken up much of the professor's time. C） The woman knows the professor has been busy. D） The woman knows the professor has run into trouble. 4. A） He doesn't enjoy business trips as much as he used to. B） He doesn't think he is capable of doing the job. C） He thinks the pay is too low to support his family, D） He wants to spend more time with his family. 5. A） The man thought the essay was easy. B） They both had a hard time writing the essay. C） The woman thought the essay was easy. D） Neither of them has finished the assignment yet. 6. A） In the park. B） Between two buildings C） In his apartment. D） Under a huge tree. 7. A） It's awfully dull. B） It's really exciting.
2016 年 6 月大学英语四级考试真题（第三套） Part I Writing (30 minutes) For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to your parents or any family members upon making memorable achievement. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Directions: 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 1 上作答。 Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
单片机考试试题及答案 (16) 一。填空（每空1分，共24分） 1、MCS-51单片机内有两个位加1定时/计数器，可通过编程实现种工作方式。 2．在MCS—51单片机内部RAM中，字节地址范围是20H ~ 2FH的区域 称为而字节地址范围是30H ~ 7FH的一段区域称为。 3、MCS—51单片机指令系统中共有111条指令，有六种寻址方式， 分别是： 寻址、寻址、寻址、、寻址及寻址。 4、+B的反码是；-B的补码是。 5、一般的计算机系统都是由__ ____、_ ____、__ ______三总线结构组成。 6、MCS-51系列单片机内部数据存储器，即内RAM中位寻址区的地址范围是 工作寄存器区的地址范围是。内R0M中寻址区的地址范围是。 7、单片机汇编语言程序有三种基本结构，分别是：、和。 8、单片机是一种将、和集成在一个芯片中的微型计算机。 二、判断题（每题1分,共5分） 1．五个中断源中优先级是高的是外部中断0，优先级是低的是串行口中断（） 2.工作寄存器工作在0区，则R2所对应的内部数据存储器的地址是03H。（）
3.MOVCA@A +DPTR，这是条相对寻址指令（） 4.8051单片机的P2口只能用作通用I/O口（） 5．程序存储器和数据存储器的作用不同，程序存储器一般用存放数据表格和程序，而数据存储器一般用来存放数据( ) 三、简答题（共35分） 1．MCS-51单片机有哪几个并行I/O端口？各I/O口有什么特性？（10分） 2．（15分）8051单片机提供了几个中断源有几级中断优先级别各中断标志是如何产生的又如何清除这些中断标志各中断源所对应的中断矢量地址是多少 3 8031单片机需要外接程序存储器，实际上它还有多少条I/O线可以用？当使用外部存储器时，还剩下多少条I/O线可用？（10分） 四、分析下面程序并填空（共２5分） 1.若(10H)=0FFH,(11H)=00H,(12H)=0FFH,(13H)=00H,写出每一步指令运行结果 MOV A,10H(A)=， ANL A,#01H(A)=， MOV A,11H(A)=， ORL A,#01H(A)=， MOV A,12H(A)=， XRL A,#01H(A)=， MOV A,13H(A)=， XRL A,#0AA(A)=， (10H)= , (11H)= , (12H)= , (13H)=
2004年1月大学英语四级考试试题及参考答案 Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation Θ?▆ ? ?https://www.doczj.com/doc/221207682.html,/?版权所有沪江网? ? ▆? Θ and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Example: You will hear: You will read: A) At the office. B) In the waiting room. C) At the airport. D) In a restaurant. From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening. This conversation is most likely to have taken place at the office. Therefore, A) "At the office" is the best answer. You should choose [A] on the Answer Sheet ??鱕? 砝骔 https://www.doczj.com/doc/221207682.html,/podcast.htm?版权所有沪江网骔砝 ?鱕??and mark it
单片机应用技术考试试题(1) 一、填空题（每空1分，共20分） 1．MCS-51是指单片机的（系列号）号，8031、8051是指单片机的（型）号。 2．MCS-51共有（111）条指令，可分为几种不同的寻址方式。如：MOV A，@Ri 属于（寄存器间接）寻址方式，MOV C, bit 属于（位）寻址方式。 3．单片机（计算机）在进行（有符号）运算的情况下应使用补码。 4．单片机位寻址区的单元地址是从（20H）单元到（2FH）单元，若某位地址是09H，它所在单元的地址应该是（21H）。 5．转移指令与调用指令的相同点是两种指令都是通过改变程序计数器PC的内容来实现转 移的；不同点是，当执行调用指令时，它不仅能转移到某一指定地址处，而且当子程序 执行到（RET）指令后，它能自动返回到（调用指令的下一条）指令处，而普通转移指令（不） 能返回。 6．8031有两个16位可编程定时/计数器，其中定时作用是指对单片机（对内部f osc/12）脉冲进行 计数，而计数器作用是指对单片机（外部）脉冲进行计数。 7．当P1口做输入口输入数据时，必须先向该端口的锁存器写入（FF），否则输入数 据可能出错。 8．堆栈指针SP的内容将始终指示（堆栈的栈的栈顶），当单步执行了调用指令LCALL addr16 后SP的内容将（不会）改变。 9．由于执行每条指令都要占用CPU的时间，因此采用循环结构并多次重复执行某些指令可实现软件延时。而硬件延时一般是采用单片机的（定时/计数器）再通过软件编程来实现。 10．单片机串行通信时，若要发送数据，就必须将要发送的数据送至（SBUF）单元，
若要接收数据也要到该单元取数。
2019年1月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题试卷 Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Example: You will hear: You will read: A) 2 hours. B) 3 hours. C) 4 hours. D) 5 hours. From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D) “5 hours” is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center. Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D] 1. A) Get some change form Jane. B) Use the woman’s phone. C) Go look for a pay phone. D) Pay for the phone call. 2. A) At a bookstore. B) In a workshop. C) At an art gallery. D) In a department store. 3. A) She’s bought the man a pair of glasses today. B) She will help the man to catch up. C) She is worried about the man’s health.
财务业务一体化实施有感 2010年我公司对下属民发、强华、成都嘉华、宁夏嘉华等多家分厂实施了财务业务一体化和物流一卡通系统，我有幸全程参与了全程实施工作。公司各个分厂通过财务业务一体化的实施，使企业内部业务数据自动传向财务系统，减少人为干预，做到数出一门，数据共享。加强了财务对业务的及时反映和监控，减轻了财务人员的重复劳动，是提高企业管理水平和工作效率的有效途经。对分厂的实施，我感触良多： 一、实施财务业务一体化前的情况和存在的问题。 长期以来，由于业务和财务信息系统开发的先后顺序、观念认同、软件开放等原因，财务业务一体化建设进展缓慢。通过对各分厂财务信息化现状的考察得知，目前各分厂的业务和财务系统大都处于分离的状态。由于业务和财务进销存系统各自独立运行，将财务与业务信息分割开来，资金流与物流、信息流难以协同，难免出现数据反映不及时、不一致的现象，无法真正实现过程控制，容易导致企业决策延迟或失当。究其原因，存在以下问题： 1、编码不一致性。由于财务系统与业务系统均是独立运行，各自采用一套编码，如果对诸如商品名称、供货商、商品分类等必须统一的编码做不到同步维护，就会出现“张冠李戴”下的数据不一致，计算结果不相符的问题。如两个系统反映的结果各执一词，系统集成势必困难。 2、监管的滞后性。业务系统要及时掌握经营状况，必须动态反
映经营成果，而财务要稽核业务数据的正确性，需对仓库、业务等数据进行核对。但业务和财务对时点认同差异，业务不能及时与财务同步，加之财务与业务的分立运行，客观上容易造成财务与业务的不一致。例如在财务核算发现业务的错误时，业务系统可能已结转到下个月的日常运行，这样业务系统就不能在当期进行变更和调整，如果财务仍沿用事后核算，更会因为反映企业经营状况及成果的速度降低而削弱对业务及时监管。 二、对建设公司财务业务一体化的思考 网络技术快速发展为财务业务一体化建设带来了契机。在业务系统中加强成本核算，使企业能从自身的实际出发，按照适应、谨慎、简便、利税和一致性原则，选择适当的成本计价方式，对业务经营和成果进行动态反映，系统定时按照财务规范的要求将业务系统的数据加工为财务要素和会计凭证的标准数据传递到财务系统，自动生成相关记账凭证，在减少重复劳动的同时保证业务、财务系统的一致性和及时性。财务人员直接参与业务系统的核算操作，使财务对业务的监督职能进一步加强，由原来的事后检查向事中控制转变，提高了财务监管的效率，从而实现《企业财务通则》的要求。 以商品采购为例，在实行财务业务一体化后，商品由仓库管理员验收估价入库，财务在财务系统中录入各供货商的明细发票信息及本企业付款记录，并将其发票信息与仓库验收入库信息进行财务采购过账比对。如货到票未到，记入暂估商品；货到票到，记入库存商品等。
大学英语四级模拟题十 Part I Listening Comprehension (35’) Section A Directions:In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations and 1 long conversation. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡上对应题号作答。 1. A) At 9:15. B) Before 9:15. C) At 9:30. D) Before 9:50. 2. A) He does not understand it. B) He does not like it. C) He is used to it. D) He does not have to take it. 3. A) They were in a doctor’s office. B) They worked in the same office. C) They were in a workshop. D) They were talking in the weight lifting room at the gym. 4. A) Carry the suitcase with the woman. B) Carry the suitcase upstairs. C) Carry the suitcase up to the plane. D) Carry the suitcase down to the ship. 5. A) At eight o’clock. B) At nine o’clock. C) At ten o’clock. D) An hour later. 6. A) He broke his leg. B) He caught a cold. C) He had a car accident. D) He didn’t like to go to dance with the girl. 7. A) He doesn’t know what he wants to do. B) He likes to work this summer. C) He wonders whether the woman has a job. D) He can’t decide where to go on vacation. 8. A) At a hairdresser’s. B) At a tailor’s C) At a photographer’s. D) At a butcher’s. 9. A) The content of the note book. B) What the woman wrote in the note. C) Why people are not allowed to talk in the library. D) Whether people can smoke in the library. 10. A) Because it’s bad for her health. B) Because it had bad influences on children. C) Because it makes him smell. D) Because it makes him cough. Questions 11 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 11. A) He is not satisfied with his present job. B) He worries too much about his grandmother. C) People dislike his food. D) He is going to be fired. 12. A) He learned it in a training center of cooking. B) He learned it from his grandmother. C) He learned it from his mother. D) He learned it from his wife. 13. A) He dislikes other businessmen. B) He wants to have more chance to go on business. C) He doesn’t want to trouble others. D) He wants to be self-employed. 14. A) Whether he would have enough funds. B) Whether his food is to the customers’ taste. C) Whether his family members would support him. D) Whether he can pay less tax to the government. 15. A) Daniel gets encouragement from his friend Misha. B) The two speakers haven’t seen each other for a long time. C) Daniel wants to be in the food business. D) Daniel’s grandmother is an experienced businesswoman. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 2 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡上对应题号作答。 Questions 16 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard. 16. A) His age and appearance. B) His personality. C) His scholarship. D) His relationship with students. 17. A) No. Because he knows what he says in class will affect his students all their lives. B) Yes. But he never fails to apologize if he does. C) No. Because he is always well prepared before stepping onto the platform.