MBA英语翻译历年真题2007年参考答案
2008-01-10 10:42:07
2007年翻译
Section IV Transition (20 points)
Directions：In this section there is a passage in English．Translate the passage into Chinese
and with your translation on the ANSWER SHEET．
Powering the great ongoing changes of our time is the rise of human creativity as the
defining feature of economic life．Creativity has come to be valued，because new technologies，
new industries and new wealth flow from it．And as a result，our lives and
Society have begun
to echo with creative ideas．It is our commitment to creativity in its varied
dimensions that
forms the underlying spirit of our age．
Creativity is essential to the way we live and work today，and in many senses always has
Been. The big advances in standard of living--not to mention the big
competitive advantages in
the marketplace--always have come from“better recipes，not just more
cooking．”One might
argue that’s not strictly true．One might point out，for instance，that during the long period
from the early days on the Industrial Revolution to modern times，much of the growth in
productivity and material wealth in the industrial nations came not just from
creative inventions like the steam engine，but from the widespread application of“cooking in quantity”
business methods like massive division of labor，concentration of assets，
vertical integration
and economies of scale．But those methods themselves were creative
developments．
推动当今社会巨大变化的动力是人类创造力的崛起。作为经济生活的一个显著特征，创造力已开始受到重视，因为各种新技术、新产业和新财富源源不断地随之而生。其结果是我们的生活和社会中充满了创造性思想。正是我们在各个领域里各种各样的发明创造构成了当今社会的精神基础。
创造力对我们当今的生活和工作方式至关重要，而且从各种意义上来说，一向如此。生活水平的显著提高-----更不用说市场经济的强大竞争优势，总是源于“更好地烹饪法，而不是更多的烹制品”。也许有人认为这种说法不一定严谨。比如他会指出，从最初的工业革命到现代社会这一漫长的时期内，工业化国家生产力的提高和物质财富的积累，很多都不是来自诸如蒸汽机之类的发明创造，而是来自“大量烹制”式的企业管理方法的广泛运用，如大规模的劳动力分工、资产的集中、纵向整合及规模经济等。但是其实这些方法本身就是创新。
MBA英语翻译历年真题2006年参考答案
2008-01-10 10:40:53
2006年翻译
Section IV Translation (20 point)
Directions: in this section there is a passage in English. Translate the five
underlined sentences into Chinese and write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET
The smooth landing of shuttle (航天飞机) Discovery ended a flight that was successful in almost every respect but one: the dislodging of a big
chunk of foam, like the one that doomed the Columbia. This flight was
supposed to vault the shuttle fleet back into space after a prolonged grounding for repairs. But given the repeat of the very problem that two years of
retooling was supposed to resolve, the verdict is necessarily mixed.(61) Once
again, the space agency has been forced to put off the flight until it can find a
solution to the problem, and no one seems willing to guess how long that may take .
The Discovery astronauts performed superbly during their two-week mission, and the shuttle looked better than ever in some respects. (62) Space
officials were justifiably happy that so much had gone well, despite daily
worries over possible risks. The flight clearly achieved its prime objectives.
The astronauts transferred tons of cargo to the international space station, which has been limping along overhead with a reduced crew and limited
supplies carried up on smaller Russian spacecraft. (63) They replaced a broken device, repaired another and carted away a load of rubbish that had been left on the station, showing the shuttle can bring full loads back down from space.
This was the most scrutinized shuttle flight ever, with the vehicle
undergoing close inspection while still in orbit. (64) New sensing and
photographic equipment to look for potentially dangerous damage to the
sensitive external skin proved valuable .A new back flip maneuver allowed station astronauts to photograph the shuttle's underbelly, and an extra-long
robotic arm enabled astronauts see parts of the shuttle that were previously out of sight.
(65).The flood of images and the openness in discussing its uncertainties
about potential hazards sometimes made it appear that the shuttle was about to fall apart. In the end the damage was clearly tolerable. A much-touted
spacewalk to repair the shuttle's skin-the first of its kind- moved an astronaut close enough to pluck out some protruding material with his hand. Preliminary evidence indicates that Discovery has far fewer nicks and gouges than shuttles on previous flights, perhaps showing that improvements to reduce the
shedding of debris from the external fuel tank have had some success.
参考译文：
(61)
航天机构被迫再次推迟飞行，直到找到解决问题的方案。似乎没有人愿意猜测这一推迟可能会持续多长时间。
(62)
航天局的官员完全有理由为此感到高兴，虽然每天都在担心可能会发生危险，但这么多的工作都进展顺利。这次飞行明显实现了它的主要目标。
(63)
他们替换了一个破损的仪器，修好了另外一个仪器，清理掉了太空站上留下的垃圾—这表明航天飞机可以满载太空上的物品，返回地球。
(64)
事实表明，用新的传感和照相设备来探寻敏感的机体外壳上潜在的损伤，
这是有用/有效的。
(65).
大量的图像和公开讨论关于它的潜在危险的不确定性，有时使人觉得航天飞机仿佛快要解体。最终，他的损伤是明显可以承受的。
MBA英语翻译历年真题2005年参考答案
2008-01-10 10:39:34
2005年翻译
Section IV Translation
Directions: In this section there is a passage in English. Translate the five
sentences underlined into Chinese and write your translation on ANSWER
SHEET 2. (15 points)
People in business can use foresight to identify new products and services, as well as markets for those products and services. An increase in minority
populations in a neighborhood would prompt a grocer with foresight to stock
more foods linked to ethnic tastes. (56) An art museum director with foresight
might follow trends in computer graphics to make exhibits more appealing to
younger visitors.
Foresight may reveal potential threats that we can prepare to deal with before they become crises. (57) For instance, a capable corporate manager
might see an alarming rise in local housing prices that could affect the
availability of skilled workers in the region.
The public’s changing values and priorities, as well as emerging technologies, demographic shifts, as well as emerging technologies,
demographic shifts, economic constraints (or opportunities), and
environmental and resource concerns are all parts of the increasingly complex
world system in which leaders must lead.
(58) People in government also need foresight to keep systems running
smoothly, to plan budgets, and to prevent wars. Government leaders today
must deal with a host of mew problems emerging rapid advances in
technology.
Even at the community level, foresight is critical: school officials, for example, need foresight to assess numbers of students to accommodate,
numbers of teachers to hire, new educational technologies to deploy, and new
skills for students (and their teachers) to develop.
(59) many of the best-known techniques for foresight were developed by
government planers, especially in the military, ―thinking about the
unthinkab le‖.Pioneering futurists at the RAND corporation (the first ―think
tank‖) began seriously considering what new technologies might emerge in the future and how these might affect U.S security. These pioneering futurists at
RAND, along with others elsewhere, refined a variety of new ways for
thinking about the future.
(60) The futurists recognized that the future world is continuous with the
present world, so we can learn a great deal about what about what may happen in the future by looking systematically at what is happening now.
(56)
具有远见的艺术博物馆馆长可能会紧跟/顺应电脑图形图像的流行趋势，
使展品对较年轻的参观者更具吸引力。
(57)
例如，能干的公司经理可能会注意到当地房价惊人暴涨，这可能会影响在该地区雇佣熟练工人。
(58)
政府工作人员同样也需要远见来保持各个部门的平稳运转、制定预算、和防止战争的爆发。
(59)
以往的许多最著名的超前的/前卫的技术是由政府的规划者/决策者研发出来的，尤其是在军事技术方面：“思考不可思议的事。”
(60)未来学家意识到，未来世界是现今世界的延续，因此通过有系统地观
察现在正在发生的事，我们能了解到很多未来可能发生的事。
MBA英语翻译历年真题2004年参考答案
2008-01-10 10:37:17
2004年翻译
Section V Translation (10 points)
Directions: In this section there is a passage in English. Translate the five sentences underlined
into Chinese and write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET2.
March 27, 1997, dawned as a normal day at the Collins' home. By the middle of the morning, Jack Collins was at his desk, writing checks, paying bills the way he always had: on time. Then the phone rang, and the nightmare began.
(71) An investigator for a bank was on the line, asking in a severe voice why Collins, a university physicist, was late on payments for a $27,000 car, bought in Virginia the previous year. "I don't have a car like this," Collins protested. The last time he had set foot in Vir~nia was as an officer at a submarine base, three decades ago. But his name was on the contract, and so was his Social Security Number.
During the months that ensued, he and his wife learned that someone had bought four more cars and 28 other items -- worth $113,000 in all m in their name. Their hitherto good credit record had been destroyed. (72) "After a lifetime of being honest," says Collins, "all of a sudden I was basically being accused of stealing and treated like a criminal."
This is what it means to fall prey to a nonviolent but frightening and
fast-growing crime: identity theft. It happens to at least 500,000 new victims each year, according to government figures.
(73) And it happens very easily because every identification number you have m Social Security, credit cards driver's license, telephone m "is a key that unlocks some storage of money or goods," says a fraud (欺诈) program manager of the US Postal Service. "So if you throw away your credit card receipt and I get it and use the number on it, I'm not becoming you, but to the credit card company I've become your account."
(74) One major problems experts say, is that the Social Security Number (SSN) – originally meant only for retirement benefit and tax purposes -- has become the universal way to identify people. It is used as identification by the military, colleges and in billions of commercial transactions.
Yet a shrewd thief can easily snatch your SSN, not only by stealing your wallet, but also by taking mail from your box, going through your trash for discarded receipts and bills or asking for it over the phone on some pretext.
Using your SSN, the thief applies for a credit card in your name, asking that it be sent to a different address than yours, and uses it for multiple
purchases. A couple of months later the credit card company, or its debt
collection agency, presses you for payment.
You don't have to pay the debt, but you must clean up your damaged credit record. (75) Thatmeans getting a means getting a police report and copy of the erroneous contract, and then using them to clear the fraud from your credit reports which is held by a credit bureau. Each step can require a huge amount of effort.
参考译文：
(71)
家银行的调查员打来电话，用严厉的口吻质问柯林斯—一位在大学里工作的物理学家—为什么拖欠去年在弗吉尼亚买的一辆汽车所花的2.7万美
元。
(72)
“我一辈子都诚实待人，”柯林斯说，“突然之间，我被指控偷窃，并且被当作罪犯一样对待。”
(73)
美国邮政总局的一位负责诈骗案的项目经理说，“这类事很容易发生，因为你所持有的每一种身份证件号码，譬如社会保险卡、信用卡、驾照以及电话号码，“都是开启你存储钱物的密码。”
(74)
专家们认为，主要问题在于，原来只用于领取退休养老金和征税的社会保险卡号码现在已经成了确认身份的普遍方式。
(75)
这就意味着你必须得到一份警方报告单和假冒/弄错了的合同的复印件，
然后用这些材料消除掉你的信用报告中的欺诈记录，信用报告由信用管理局保管。
MBA英语翻译历年真题2003年参考答案
2008-01-10 10:36:06
2003年翻译
Section V Translation (10 points)
Directions: In this section there is a passage in English. Translate the five sentences underlined into Chinese and write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET2.
Lange, multinational corporations may be the companies whose ups and downs seize headlines. (71) But to a far greater extent than most Americans realize, the economy’s vitality depends on the fortunes of tiny shops and restaurants, neighborhood services and are factories. Small businesses, defined as those with fewer than 100workers,now employ 60 percent of the workforce and expected to generate half of all new jobs between now and the year 2,000. Some 1.2 million small forms have opened their doors over the past 6 years of economic growth, and 1989 will see an additional 200,000 entrepreneurs striking off on their own.
Too many of these pioneers, however, will blaze ahead unprepared. Idealists will overestimate the clamor for their products or fail to factor in the competition. Nearly everyone will underestimate, often fatally .the capital that success requires. (72) Midcareer executives, forced by a takeover or a restructuring to quit the corporation and find another way to support themselves, may savor the idea of being their own boss but may forget that entrepreneurs must also. at least for a while, be bookkeepers and receptionists, too. According to Small Business Administration data, 24 of every 100 businesses starting out today are likely to disappear in two years, and 27 more will have shut their doors four years from now. By 1995, more than 60 of those 100 start-ups, 77 percent of the companies surveyed were still alive. (73) Most credited their success in large part to having picked a business they already were comfortable in Eighty percent had worked with the same product or service in their last jobs.
Thinking through an enterprise before the launch is obviously critical. But many entrepreneurs forget that a firm’s health in its infancy may be little indication of how well it will age .you must tenderly monitor its pulse, in their zeal, to expand. Small business owners often ignore early warning signs of a stagnant market or of decaying profitability. (74) They hopefully pour more and more into the enterprise, preferring not to acknowledge eroding profit margins that means the market for their ingenious service or product has evaporated, or that they must cut the payroll or vacate their lavish offices. Only when the financial well runs dry do they see the seriousness of the illness, and by then the patient is usually too far gone to save.
Frequent checks of your f irm’s vital signs will also guide you to a sensible rate of growth. (75) To snatch opportunity, you must spot the signals that it is time to conquer the new markets, add products or perhaps franchise your hot ideas.
(71)
但是，绝大多数美国人没有认识到的是，国民经济的活力依赖于那些小型商店和饭馆，以及街道公益事业和街道工厂的财富/命运。
(72)
中层管理人员，因为公司被并购或重组而被迫离开公司，并为了生计另找出路时，可能会欣赏自己做老板的念头，但是也可能忘记了企业家也必须至少在某段时间内也要做计帐员和接待员。
(73)
大多数人把他们的成功归结为他们选择了他们在过去已经熟练的行业。其中80%的人在过去的工作中就和同样的产品和服务打过交道。
(74)
他们满怀希望地不断向企业投钱，不愿意承认其利润空间正在受到侵蚀，而这意味着他们富有创意的产品或服务市场已经消失，或者，他们必须削减工资或者搬出奢华的办公室。
(75)
为了抓住机会，你必须发现信号：该是占领新市场的时候了；该是增加产品类型的时候了；或者也许该是推销你的“金点子”的时候了。
MBA英语翻译历年真题2002年参考答案
2008-01-08 23:29:12 本文已公布到博客频道校园·教育分类
2002年翻译
Section V Translation (10points)
Directions: In this section there is a passage in English. Translate the five
sentences underlined into Chinese and write your translation on the ANSWER
SHEET2.
Genius is something that is difficult to measure to measure quantitatively since it is a unique quality, although most of us can recognize genius when we
see it or hear it. (71)By contrast intelligence is possibly easier to quantify and
like genius is a polygenic①character that can be moulded ②by the environment.
Intelligence is a qualitative trait, which does have a genetic component, but it has a single dimension of expression.(72)There are several limitations in measuring intelligence by a linear③scale ranging from dull to bright, since individuals differ greatly in their genotypes ④.Any number of gene combination may predispose an individual to musical genius, or to painting ,or to designing computer programs, etc. The possession of any one of these abilities may or may not be associated with another. Moreover, the same genotype may be expressed in markedly different ways in markedly different environments.
(73)For example, intelligence quotient test scores vary considerably with illness and disease, educational, social and economic levels—even the skin color of the examiner conducting the IQ test may have a significant effect! There is also difficulty in deciding what intelligence should be applied to lean? Is it related to the enquiring mind or to motivation?
Consequently comparisons between an IQ test given to a University student and to an Aborigine in Australia will give meaningless results, since the test is most unlikely to measure the same behavior.(74)Not only are the genotypes and the environments of these two individuals totally different, but their motivations for achievement in particular activities will be different.
Indeed, as some articles, which the problems mentioned above show, people who believe they can estimate genetic and environmental contributions to differences in intelligence between races are statistically na?ve.
(75)If some races or social groups in the human population can be inferior in intelligence, it opens up the possibility that some segregationists or politicians could bring in legislation or policies to suppress or even eliminate such races or groups in the population.
History certainly shows that this suggestion is quite likely when ruthless are in positions of power.
Can you see why the false scientific conclusions could become dangerous socially and politically?
Notes:
(1) Polygenic: having many genes
(2) Mould: to shape or form
(3) Linear: of lines
(4) Genotypes: types of gene
(71)
相反，智力也许更容易量化，而且它像天赋一样，具有一种能够被环境塑造的多基因特征。
(72)
因为各人在基因类型上有很大的差异，所以用一种从愚昧到聪明的直线性尺度来衡量智力是有一定的局限性的。
(73)
比方说，智商测验的得分，会由于疾病状况、教育程度、社会和经济水平而有很大的差异，甚至实施智商测验的主考人的肤色也会对得分有重大的影响。
(74)
这两个人不仅是基因类型和生活环境完全不同，而且他们完成某些活动的动机也极不相同。
(75)
如果人类中某些种族或社会群体在智力上是劣等的，那么就会使某些种族隔离主义者或政客有可能去制定法律或政策来压迫，甚至消灭这些种族和群体。
MBA英语翻译历年真题2001年参考答案
2008-01-08 23:26:14 本文已公布到博客频道校园·教育分类
2001年翻译
PART ⅣTranslation (15%)
Directions:.In this part there is a passage in English.Translate the five
sentences underlined into Chinese and write your translation on the Answer
Sheet . .
(56)The types of daydreams, whether they are pleasant and hopeful
or filled with despair take shape in childhood when everyone develops one of three basic daydreaming styles: positive, negative and scattered, American
Health reports. Although everyone lapses occasionally into each of these types, positive daydreamers are more likely to imagine happy, playful or entertaining of these types, positive daydreamers are more likely to imagine happy, playful or entertaining scenarios. (57)Negative daydreamers tend to dwell on life’s
darker side, imagining dangerous and/or life threatening situations, such as the appearance of a fatal or weakening disease or becoming a victim of violence.
Scattered day dreamers are easily bored and distracted. "Their mental images tend to be fleeting, repetitive and shallow, like variations on the same fairy
tales, "explains Yale psychologist Ron Tower.
(58)While all three types are common, positive imaginations are
likeliest to serve as springboards(跳板)for problem solving, while negative
and scattered daydreams may leave a person feeling anxious. Negative
daydreamers are waiting for the other shoe "to fall". Their imaginations are
often guilty ridden or obsessive.
There are times when drifting away can cause problems, according to Blodin. "If daydreaming gets in the way of daily function because the person is doing it all day, the person won’t be very productive," she says. "The
amount of time and the frequency that a person daydreams is what’s important.
It should not take up all of your time. (59)If people find their daydreaming is becoming excessive( 过多的)，they should take a realistic look at what’s
going on in their life and ask themselves what they are trying to avoid. Then they can assess what steps they need to take to correct the situation."(Anyone who has a hard time discriminating between reality and imagination or starts replacing real life family and friends with imagined people should seek
professional help.)
(60)Professor Singer sums up the advantages of daydreams to the
average person: "by sitting quietly and letting your daydreams emerge instead of squelching(抑制)them, you may find there are parts of yourself you haven’t been listening to. Instead of fearing th em, you’ll gain access to tremendous
range of interesting, creative ideas."
(56)
《美国健康》杂志报道说：人们的白日梦类型，不管是令人愉快、充满希望的，还是令人绝望的，在童年时代就已形成，那时候每个人就形成了三种基本白日梦类型中的一种，即积极型的、消极型的或支离破碎型的。
(57)
消极型的白日梦者总是想着生活中比较阴暗的一面，想象着危险的和（或者）威胁生命的情景，诸如出现一种致命的或使人衰弱的疾病，或是自己成了暴力的受害者。
(58)
尽管这三种白日梦类型都很常见，积极型的幻想最有可能作为解决问题的跳板，而消极型和支离破碎型的白日梦可能会使人感到焦虑不安。
(59)
如果人们发现自己的白日梦过多了，那么他们就要现实地看待他们生活中正在发生的事情，并问问自己他们是在力图逃避些什么。
(60)
辛格教授总结了白日梦对普通人的益处：“静静地坐在那里，让你的白日梦浮现出来，而不是抑制它们，你就可以发现有些你自己从未倾听过的关于你自己的部分/内心。”
MBA英语翻译历年真题2001年参考答案
2008-01-08 23:25:22
2001年翻译
PART ⅣTranslation (15%)
Directions:.In this part there is a passage in English.Translate the five
sentences underlined into Chinese and write your translation on the Answer
Sheet . .
(56)The types of daydreams, whether they are pleasant and hopeful
or filled with despair take shape in childhood when everyone develops one of
three basic daydreaming styles: positive, negative and scattered, American
Health reports. Although everyone lapses occasionally into each of these types, positive daydreamers are more likely to imagine happy, playful or entertaining of these types, positive daydreamers are more likely to imagine happy, playful
or entertaining scenarios. (57)Negative daydreamers tend to dwell on life’s
darker side, imagining dangerous and/or life threatening situations, such as the appearance of a fatal or weakening disease or becoming a victim of violence.
Scattered day dreamers are easily bored and distracted. "Their mental images
tend to be fleeting, repetitive and shallow, like variations on the same fairy
tales, "explains Yale psychologist Ron Tower.
(58)While all three types are common, positive imaginations are
likeliest to serve as springboards(跳板)for problem solving, while negative
and scattered daydreams may leave a person feeling anxious. Negative
daydreamers are waiting for the other shoe "to fall". Their imaginations are
often guilty ridden or obsessive.
There are times when drifting away can cause problems, according to Blodin. "If daydreaming gets in the way of daily function because the person
is doing it all day, the person won’t be very productive," she says. "The
amount of time and the frequency that a person daydreams is what’s important.
It should not take up all of your time. (59)If people find their daydreaming is
becoming excessive( 过多的)，they should take a realistic look at what’s
going on in their life and ask themselves what they are trying to avoid. Then
they can assess what steps they need to take to correct the situation."(Anyone
who has a hard time discriminating between reality and imagination or starts
replacing real life family and friends with imagined people should seek
professional help.)
(60)Professor Singer sums up the advantages of daydreams to the
average person: "by sitting quietly and letting your daydreams emerge instead of squelching(抑制)them, you may find there are parts of yourself you haven’t been listening to. Instead of fearing them, you’ll gain access to tremendous
range of interesting, creative ideas."
(56)
《美国健康》杂志报道说：人们的白日梦类型，不管是令人愉快、充满希望的，还是令人绝望的，在童年时代就已形成，那时候每个人就形成了三种基本白日梦类型中的一种，即积极型的、消极型的或支离破碎型的。
(57)
消极型的白日梦者总是想着生活中比较阴暗的一面，想象着危险的和（或者）威胁生命的情景，诸如出现一种致命的或使人衰弱的疾病，或是自己成了暴力的受害者。
(58)
尽管这三种白日梦类型都很常见，积极型的幻想最有可能作为解决问题的跳板，而消极型和支离破碎型的白日梦可能会使人感到焦虑不安。
(59)
如果人们发现自己的白日梦过多了，那么他们就要现实地看待他们生活中正在发生的事情，并问问自己他们是在力图逃避些什么。
(60)
辛格教授总结了白日梦对普通人的益处：“静静地坐在那里，让你的白日梦浮现出来，而不是抑制它们，你就可以发现有些你自己从未倾听过的关于你自己的部分/内心。”
2010 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题答案与解析 Section I Use of English 一、文章题材结构分析 本文是取材于新闻报道，叙述了猪流感的爆发，产生的严重影响以及政府采取的针对性措施。首段和第二段简 述了猪流感的爆发引起世界各国的重视。第三段引用专家的观点，认为瘟疫并不严重。第四段和第五段以墨西哥及 美国的情况为例，说明了猪流感的严重性和致命性。第六段叙述了联邦政府针对猪流感的具体措施。 二、试题解析 1.【答案】D 【解析】上文提到“…was declared a global epidemic…”，根据declare 的逻辑（“宣布为”），可知应该选D 项 designated“命名，制定”，而不是C 项commented“评论”，这是典型的近义词复现题目。2．【答案】C 【解析】本题目可依据“句意”找到意思线索，选出答案，难度在于出处句是个长难句。本句的理解应该抓住alert、 meeting 和a sharp rise 三者的关系，根据after a sharp rise 可知是rise（“病例数的增加”）是meeting（“日内瓦专家 会议”）的原因，由此可推导出alert 并非是meeting 的原因，而是结果，即meeting 使得alert 升级。根据上述分析 可以排除B、D 选项，B 项activated“激活，激起”，D 项“促使，引起”，此两项的选择都在讲alert 导致了meeting 的召开。而C 项followed 意思是“紧随，跟在……之后”，体现出after 的逻辑，完全满足本句rise 之后是meeting， meeting 之后是alert 的逻辑，所以是正确项。而A 项proceeded“继续”，属不及物动词，不可接宾语，用法和逻辑 用在此处都不合适。 3．【答案】B 【解析】本题目应该关注并列连词and，从并列呼应来看：空格后的表达in Britain…对应前面的in Australia， 所以空格处rising _____ 应该对应a sharp rise in cases（“病例数的剧增”），因此空格处是“数量”的逻辑才对。A 项 digits“（阿拉伯）数字”，不表示数量，不能与rising 形成搭配；C 项amounts“数量”，常修饰不可数名词（此处指 的是cases，可数名词）；D 项sums“金额，款项”，不能用于表达“病例数”。B 项numbers “数量”，修饰可数名词（如： large numbers of cases 大量的病例），符合题意。 4．【答案】A 【解析】此处句子开头的“But”是重要的逻辑线索，与上文意思（第二段）形成对比反差。上文的关键性表达 如“heightened alert”、“emergency meeting”和“a sharp rise in cases”都在讲述猪流感的严重性，所以根据But 和in
2011 7月 II.Words and phrases translation（20 points，1 point for each） A.Directions: Put the following words and phrases into Chinese. 16.a slender man一个身材瘦长的人17.country-wide trade全国贸易18.the Ethiopian highlands埃塞俄比亚高原19.economic policy经济政策20.great-grandmother(外)曾祖母21.open sea公海 22.part-time river季节性河流23.mineral oil矿物油 24.environmental law环境法25.welcoming banquet欢迎宴会 B.Directions: Put the following words and phrases into English. 26.逃学Play truant 27.军阀政府The warlord government 28.九龙壁The nine dragon wall 29.基本方针Basic principle 30.游记Travel notes 31.祥林嫂Xiang Lin's wife 32.排队to stand in a queue to line up 33.大陆架Continental shelf 34.董事会Board of directors 35.深刻影响 Profound impact 2011 4月 II. Word and Phrase Translation (20 points, 1 point each) 16. appreciation dinner 答谢宴会17. birth defect先天性生理缺陷 18. applied entomology应用昆虫学 19. member state会员国、成员国 20. maternity hospital 妇产医院21. over-the-counter medicine非处方药 22. green belt 防护林、绿化带23. inland waters内陆水域 24. room temperature 室温、常温25. debt chain三角债、债务链 B. Directions: Translate the following words and phrases into English. (Please write the answer on your Answer Sheet.)
学习资料收集于网络，仅供参考 English Lexicology(英语词汇学) 1.English lexicology aims at investigating and studying the morphological structures of English words and word equivalents, their semantic structures, relations, historical development, formation and usages.英语词汇学旨在调查和研究英语单词和单词的等价物的形态结构,其语义结构、关系、历史发展、形成和用法。 2.English Lexicology is correlated with such linguistic disciplines as morphology(形态学), semantics(语义学), etymology(词源学),stylistics（文体论）and lexicography(词典学) Chapter 1--Basic concepts of words and vocabulary 1.Word（词的定义）: A word is a minimal free form of a language that has a given sound and meaning and syntactic function. (1)a minimal free form of a language (2)a sound unity (3)a unit of meaning (4)a form that can function alone in a sentence 词语是语言最小的自由形式，拥有固定的声音和意义以及句法作用。 2.Sound and meaning（声音与意义）: almost arbitrary, “no logical relationship between the sound which stands for a thing or an idea and the actual thing and idea itself”词语是一个符号，代表着世界上其他的事物。每种世界文化已经赞成一定的读音将代表一定的人，事，地方，特性，过程，行动，当然是在语言系统之外。这种象征性的联系几乎总是主观的，并且“在代表事物和思想的声音和实际的事物和思想之间没有法定关系” 3.Sound and form（读音和形式）:不统一的四个原因（1）the English alphabet was adopted from the Romans,which does not have a separate letter to represent each other内因是因为英语字母表采用罗马字母，罗马字母没有独立的字母代表每个读音，因此一些字母代表两个读音或者组合在一起发音。 （2）the pronunciation has changed more rapidly than spelling over the years另一个原因是发音比拼写的变化快，在一些时候还拉开了距离。在最近五百年里，尽管口语发音已经出现了显著的变化，却没有相应的拼写变化。 （3）some of the difference were created by the early scribes第三个原因是一些早期的书写员发明了一些不同。（4）the borrowings is an important channel of enriching the English vocabulary最后借词来了，这是丰富英语词汇的重要途径。 （5）printing印刷已经变得非常普及。它有助于固定单词的拼写、standardization标准化使得拼写不容改变。、dictionary字典在拼写终结中得到好处。 —Old English,The speech of the time was represented very much more faithfully in writing than it is today. 古代英语中的口语比今天更忠实的代表书面语 —The written form of English is an imperfect representation of the spoken form。英语的书写是发音形式不完善的代表 4.What is vocabulary？ （1）Total number of the words in a language一个语言的单词综合 （2）Words used in a particular historical period 特殊历史时期使用的单词 （3）All the words of a dialect，a book ，a discipline...某个方言，书籍，学科中的所有单词 5.Classification of English Words：英语词汇由所有种类的词汇组成。它们可以根据不同的标 准或者不同的目的进行分类。 By use frequency:basic word stock&nonbasic vocabulary根据使用频率，单词可以分为基础词和非基础词。 By notion:content words&functional words可以根据概念分成实词和虚词
英语二T e x t 1 1---Homework has never been terribly popular with students and even many parents, but in recent years it has been particularly scorned. School districts across the country, most recently Los Angeles Unified, are revising(修改) their thinking on his educational ritual(例行公事). Unfortunately, L.A. Unified has produced an inflexible (不可变更的) policy which mandates(批准) that with the exception of some advanced courses, homework may no longer count for more than 10% of a student’s academic grade。 家庭作业从来就没有受到学生甚至家长的真正欢迎，但最近几年来，家庭作业却受到人们的鄙视。全国的学校都在修改家庭作业的相关惯例做法。不幸的是，洛杉矶学区通过了一项不可变更的政策：除了高等课程，家庭作业在学分中所占比例不可以超过10%。 21.It is implied in paragraph 1 that nowadays homework_____。 [A] is receiving more criticism [B] is no longer an educational ritual（绝对） [C] is not required for advanced courses（正反） [D] is gaining more preferences（正反） 2---This rule is meant to address the difficulty that students from impoverished or chaotic homes might have in completing their homework. But the policy is unclear and contradictory. Certainly, no homework should be assigned that students cannot do without expensive equipment. But if the district is essentially giving a pass to students who do not do their homework because of complicated family lives, it is going riskily close to the implication that standards need to be lowered for poor children。 这个规定旨在提出：来自贫穷家庭或混乱家庭的学生有困难，不能完成家庭作业。但该政策是不清晰的，是矛盾的。显然，没有哪个家庭作业是在没有昂贵设备就无法完成的。但如果该学区因为学生家庭复杂而不做家庭作业就给他通过的话，那么这就意味着对于贫穷孩子，标准要降低。
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编88 (总分：50.00，做题时间：90分钟) 一、词语翻译(总题数：27，分数：50.00) 1.英译汉 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析： 2.civil law （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：民法) 解析： 3.mass transit （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：公共交通；大容量公共运输(工具)) 解析： 4.wage theory （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：工资理论) 解析： 5.mock epic （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：讽刺史诗) 解析： 6.counterespionage （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：反间谍活动) 解析： 7.high seas （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：公海；远海) 解析： 8.CYO （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：首席元老(Chief Yearly Officer)) 解析： 9.irrigation and drainage （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：灌溉与排水) 解析：
自考英汉翻译教程词汇整理
Unit 1 lesson 1 1. fellow countrymen 同胞 2. average height 中等身材 3. gleaming eyes 闪光的眼睛 4. in his middle twenties 二十多岁 5. to be seated 招呼坐下 6. stand squarely 端正正地站着 7. more than ten years his junior 比她年轻十几岁 8. revolutionary road 革命道路 9. Chinese communist Party中共 10. full member 正式成员 11. membership 党籍 12. keep a secret 保密 Lesson 2 1. immeasurable contrast 迥然不同 2. to and fro 走来走去 3. upturn face 仰着脸 4. sweet spring 芬芳的春天 5. anger and bitterness 又气愤又苦恼 6. dense fog 大雾 7. tense and anxious 紧张而焦急
8. 五一的下午on the afternoon of May 1st 9. 无言的呼唤wordless cry 10. 探测绳sounding-line Lesson 3 1. 各种流派的different schools 2. 前两天a few days ago 3. 受限制be restricted/be subjected to 4. 传统观念traditional thinking 5. 不合理的制度irrational system 6. 最高境界the highest state 7. 浓妆艳抹heavy make up 8主人公chief character/principal character 9. 花言巧语flowery language 10.社会进步人性发展social progress and human development Unit 2 Lesson 4 1. 工业革命Industrial Revolution 2. 多功能的机器multi-purpose machine 3. 出于自愿和兴趣on one’s own account, out of interest 4. 新兴城市the rising town
考研英语二翻译两大要点 说起考研英语二翻译，很多童鞋就一脸不屑：“不就是15分吗？我随便答一下就7、8分了，不用学！” 可是大家仔细想想，考研战场上可是分分必争啊。少了这几分，你会被多少人赶超过去。所以大家还是赶紧和太阳城考研1号小编看看考研英语二翻译的两大要点吧~ 一、段落衔接 考研英语二翻译要求大家把一篇英文翻译为中文。所以整个语篇的完整性、语义和段落之间的衔接是考查的重点。 翻译时，不仅要对每个句子进行理解和表达，而且要注意到整个语篇的完整含义和结构。因此大家提笔翻译之前一定要通读全文，理解了文章大意之后再去翻译，这样就基本不会出现前言不搭后语，上下文不连贯的情况。 二、语言表达 考研英语二翻译的句型和词汇都比较简单，它更考察大家的汉语水平。翻译时要在表达出句子基本意思的同时，注意汉语的表达。 考研英语二翻译评分细则中就提到了文字优美，所以大家必须要注重汉语表达。那怎么实现文字优美，提高自己的汉语表达？ 实际上，大家可以在翻译时多使用四个字的词语或成语。 如：2010年翻译中有一句“I had no money”。很多童鞋看到这个句子就高兴了，觉得这也太简单了，不就是我没有钱吗。可是在你沾沾自喜的时候，别人已经把这个句子美化为“我身无分文”，或
“我生活拮据”，这样一下就比你多了两三分。是不是细思极恐？ 当然，学会这两点还不足以搞定考研英语二翻译，大家还要扎扎实实的复习，要重视每一句每一个词翻译的准确性。这一点对基础薄弱的童鞋尤为重要。 《考研圣经》在你手，基础薄弱不用愁！逐词逐句解真题，英语逆袭真神器！ 考研英语二复习书推荐，大部分人都在用的： 一、词汇： 1.《非常词汇》 适合人群：英语一和英语二通用 推荐理由:??800个句子浓缩所有大纲单词，让你不再由A背到Z，背单词不再那么枯燥，记忆量大大变小了。赠送5大赠本，其中一个《必考词+基础词+超纲词》超赞！， 2.闪过英语考研《必考词汇应用全书》 适合人群：备考时间不充足的人 推荐理由：为什么适合备考时间不足的人，因为它的“薄、准、
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编74 (总分：50.00，做题时间：90分钟) 一、词语翻译(总题数：27，分数：50.00) 1.英译汉 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析： https://www.doczj.com/doc/2410818991.html,ernment watchdog （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：政府监督) 解析： 3.carbon footprint （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：碳足迹，碳排放) 解析： 4.Twitter （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：推特) 解析： 5.funemployment （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：失业乐活) 解析： 6.Diesel oil （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：柴油) 解析： 7.汉译英 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析： 8.借词 （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：loanword) 解析： 9.全球暖化 （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：global warming) 解析： 10.经济不景气 （分数：2.00）
自考本科英语专业《英汉翻译教程》词汇翻译汇总 2012年4月 II. Word and Phrase Translation (20 points, 1 point each) A. Translate the following words and phrases into Chinese. Write down your translation on your Answer Sheet. 16. gamma rays 伽马射线17. the New Testament 《新约全书》 18. ecologist 生态学者19. entrepreneurial spirit 创业精神 20. court of appeals 上诉法院21. Royal Society 皇家学会 22. a letter of patent 授权书23. consecutive interpretation 交替翻译 24. instrument of ratification 批准书25. the six-party talks 六方会谈 B. Translate the following words and phrases into English. Write down your translation on your Answer Sheet. 26.诺贝尔奖获得者the Nobel Prize Winner 27.福利基金welfare fund 28.国际经济合作International Economic Cooperation29.珠江三角洲Pear River Delta 30.北洋军阀政府the Northern Warlord Government31.民族团结ethnic harmony 32.金融服务业financial services 33.大陆架continental shelf 34.世界文化遗产world cultural legacy 35.联合国教科文组织United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization 2011年7月 A.Directions: Put the following words and phrases into Chinese. 16.a slender man 身材瘦长17.country-wide trade 国内贸易 18.the Ethiopian highlands 埃塞俄比亚高原 19.economic policy经济政策20.great-grandmother 外祖母 21.open sea 公海 22.part-time river 季节性河流23.mineral oil 矿物油 24.environmental law环境保护法25.welcoming banquet 欢迎宴会 B.Directions: Put the following words and phrases into English. 26.逃学play truant27.军阀政府Warlord Government 28.九龙壁Nine-Dragon Wall 27.基本方针basic policies30.游记travels 31.祥林嫂Aunt Xianglin 28.排队queue up33.大陆架continental shelf 34.董事会board 35.深刻影响profound impact 2011年4月 16. appreciation dinner答谢宴会17. birth defect 天生缺陷 18. applied entomology 应用昆虫学19. member state 成员国(缔约国） 20. maternity hospital 妇产科医院21. over-the-counter medicine成药
考研英语二文章翻译集团标准化办公室：[VV986T-J682P28-JP266L8-68PNN]
完型 鉴于电子货币的优势,你也许会认为,我们将快速步入无现金社会,实现完全电子支付。然而，真正的无现金社会很可能不会马上到来。事实上,这样的预测已经出现二十年了,但迄今还没有实现。例如,1975年《商业周刊》预测电子支付手段不久将“彻底改变货币本身的定义”，并将在数年后颠覆货币本身。为何人们进入无现金社会的速度如此缓慢呢？ 尽管电子支付手段可能比纸币支付方式更加高效，然而以下几个方面解释了纸币系统“不会”消失的原因。第一，使电子货币成为最主要的支付方式必须的设备包括电脑、读卡器和电信网络，而安装这些设备价格昂贵。第二，纸质支票有提供收据这一优势，这是消费者不愿放弃的。第三，使用纸质支票可以让开票人多几天让钱“悬浮”在帐户里，对方得花上几天才能凭支票取现，这也就是意味着开票方又多赚了几天利息钱。而由于电子支票是即时的，因此也就没有这种优势。第四，电子支付方式还有可能存在安全和隐私隐患。 我们曾多次听到媒体报道说某个非法黑客入侵了用户的数据库并且篡改了里面的信息。这种情况时有发生，这也意味着别有用心之人可能侵入电子支付系统，盗取别人的银行帐号而盗款成功。要防止这类诈骗并非易事，正在研发新的电脑科学领域来处理该类安全问题。此外，人们对于电子支付方式的担忧在于进行电子交易之后所留下的包含个人信息的痕迹。人们担心政府部门，雇员和市场营销人员会看到这些数据，侵犯个人隐私。 Text1 在一篇名为(entitled)《成功（make?it）在美国》的文章中，作者亚当·戴维森讲述(relate)了这样一个源自棉花出产国的笑话，笑话是关于现代纺织(textile)作坊(mill)已高度自动化(automate)：现如今，一家普通作坊里只有两名员工，“一个人和一条狗，人在作坊里是为了喂狗，狗在作坊里是为了使人远离(away?from)机器。”Davidson’sarticleisoneofanumberofpiecesthathaverecentlyappearedmakingthepointt hatthereasonwehavesuchstubbornlyhighunemploymentanddecliningmiddle-classincomestodayisalsobecauseoftheadvancesinbothglobalizationandthei nformationtechnologyrevolution,whicharemorerapidlythaneverreplacingla borwithmachinesorforeignworkers.最近出现了很多(anumberof)类似戴维森所写的文章，它们都表明了这样一种看法(makeapoint)：之所以失业人数(unemployment)居高难下(stubbornly?high)和中产阶级(middle-class)收入(income)持续下降，原因是全球化与信息技术革命已经取得了诸多进步，它们使得机器和国外员工在取代(replace..with)本国劳动力(labor)方面比以往任何时候都要迅速。 以往，具有一般技术、从事一般工作的员工可以赚得(earn)普通的生活。但现如今，普通人才正式地过时了(officially)。继续普通无法再让你过上以前的生活，其原因是当下更多的雇主可以用(haveaccessto)比普通还要低廉的价格，来雇佣国外员工，购买机器人(robotics)和软件(software)，实现自动化(automation)，获得天才(genus)。因此，每个人都需要挖掘身上额外的东西-来让他们做出独特的、有价值的贡献，这种贡献会让他们脱颖而出(standout),不管他们身处什么工作领域(fieldofemployment)。
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编79 (总分：12.00，做题时间：90分钟) 一、英汉互译(总题数：6，分数：12.00) 1.汉译英（分数： 2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析： 2.2010年12月，为了向年轻一代普及航天科学教育，海南省开始在文昌市建设航天主题公园。公园占地1800亩，紧邻文昌卫星发射中心。工程预计花费30亿元，在2013年完工。这个航天主题公园将分四个展览区，包括地球、月球、火星和太阳。游客甚至可以进入发射台，实地观看火箭发射。 （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：To promote aerospace science and general aviation knowledge among the younger generation, in December 2010, Hainan province begins to build a Space Flight Theme Park in Wenchang Cit-y. Covering an area of 1,800 mu (120 hectares) , the theme park is located at Wenchang Satellite Launch Center. The whole project is estimated to cost 3 billion yuan (455 million U. S. dollars) and is expected to be finished in 2013. The park will have four exhibiti-on sections, featuring the earth, moon, Mars and the sun. Visitors can even enter the launch station and watch the actual rocket launch.) 解析： 3.1957年10月苏联成功发射第一颗人造卫星，揭开了人类历史由地球迈向太空的第一页。此后短短半个世纪里，人类的外空探索活动突飞猛进，取得了辉煌的成就。人类不仅成功登陆月球，而且还将研究的触手伸向火星等更为遥远的星球。截止到2006年底，环绕地球飞行的各类人造物体，包括人造卫星、航天飞机、国际空间站、空间实验室等接近6000个。 （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：On October, 1957, the Soviet Union successfully launched the first artificial satellite, which turned the first page in human history of entering the space. During the half century coming after, humans" explorations in outer space have grown by leaps and bounds and have made brilliant achievements. Humans not only successfully landed on the moon, but also reached toward even more distant planet such as Mars. At the end of 2006, the number of the various types of artificial objects flying around the Earth, including satellites, space shuttles, international space stations, space laboratories, etc. is already close to 6,000.) 解析： 4.博鳌论坛的经历给了刘晓宁不小的打击，生活上的拮据让她开始反思自己做公务员两年多的经历。都说公务员舒服，但刘晓宁每天的工作时间都在10小时以上，加班到晚上八九点钟，是很正常的事。如果有活动，赶工到夜里12点，也是家常便饭。 （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：The experience in Boao Forum is not a small blow to Liu Xiaoning. The bare livelihood forced her to reflect on her life as a civil servant for more than two years. Every one says that civil servants enjoy a comfortable life, but Xiaoning works more than 10 hours everyday. Working overtime until eight or nine in the evening is perfectly normal. When there are activities, staying up to 12 at night is also not uncommon.) 解析： 5.我国人口老龄化对经济增长的潜在影响理论研究认为，老龄化会减少劳动力供给，降低社会储蓄率，导致产出和资本形成能力下降，最终影响经济增长。同时，发达国家的实际表明，随着人口老龄化，养老费用及人均医疗费用均会大幅上升，加重政府财政负担。与发达国家“富老同步”或者“先富后老”相比，
历届高考中译英真题答案 -2012-4 2012年春考 1. It will take several months to finish the task. 2. A concert was held in the park last weekend. 3. Neither he nor his classmates like taking extra classes after school. 4. Many old people who live alone hope that their kids will visit them often. 5. The moment he stepped on
the foreign land, Li Hua realized that it was important to follow the local customs. 2011年秋考 1. Why not / Why don’t you book tickets online / reserve the ticket(s) on the Internet? 2. I often mistake Wang Hai for his twin brother because they look so similar / very much alike. 3. As for parents, nothing can be compared with their children’s physical and
mental health. 4. No longer has she kept in touch with us since she went abroad for further study / education. 5. If you can find whatever learning method (that) suits you, your study / learning efficiency is likely to improve remarkably. 2011年春考 1. We enjoyed a wonderful performance last night. 2. The (super) highway to Nanjing is/was/has been
fellow countrymen 同胞 militarist军阀 Chinese Communist Party 党组织 the Grand Canal （京杭）大运河 Industrial Revolution 工业革命 dawn to dark从早到晚 especially English 具有英国特征的 cottage industry 农村手工业 Indian summer 最后的余辉 stock-raising 畜牧业 Homestead Act 宅地法 wild west 西部荒原 the gold rush 淘金热 basic occupation 基础产业 Department of Agriculture 农业部门 the Nile Delta 尼罗河三角洲 coastal erosion 水土流失 Mediterranean climate 地中海型气候 surveyor general 测量总监 sovereign nation 主权国家 aggregate output 总产量 coastal area 沿海地区 telephone connections 电话用户 economic well-being 生活水平 two way trade 双向贸易 lucrative export market 出口市场 foreign exchange 外汇 sum total 总数 per capita 人均 GNP 国民生产总值 joint ventures 合资企业 net income 净收入 world investment system世界投资体系 the stock of foreign investment 外资存量 major economy 经济大国 the stimulus, the technology and the funding 动力、技术和资金international trade and investment 国际贸易和投资 popular science 科普读物Arctic seas 北冰洋 vegetable oil 植物油 mineral oil煤油 internal combustion engine内燃机