职称英语《理工A》完形填空模拟试题
xx职称英语《理工A》完形填空模拟试题
Happily married people have lower blood pressure 51 unhappily married people or singles,a Brigham Young University study says.
On the other hand,even having a supportive social work did not translate into a blood pressure benefit for singles or unhappily__52 ___ people,aording to the study.
"There seem to be some unique health benefits from marriage.It's not just being married__53__benefits health - what's really the most protective of health is having a happy 54 ,"study author Julianne Holt-Lunstad,a psychologist who specializes in relationships and
health,said in a prepared statement.
The study included 204 married and 99__55__adults who wore portable blood-pressure monitors for 24 hours.The ___ 56__recorded blood pressure at random intervals and provided a total of about 72 readings.
"We wanted to capture participants'blood pressure doing whatever they normally 57 in everyday life.Getting one or two readings in a clinic is not really__58__of the fluctuations that our throughout the day,"Holt-Lunstad said.
Overall,happily married people scored four points__59 ___ on the blood pressure readings than single adults.The study also found that blood__60__among married people –
especially those in happy marriages -__61__more during sleep than in single people.
"Research has shown that people whose blood pressure remains high throughout the night are at__62__greater risk of heart disease than people whose blood pressure drops," Holt-Lunstad said.
The study was published in the March 20__63__of the journal Annals of Behavioral Medicine.
The study also found that unhappily married adults have higher blood pressure than__64 happily married and single adults.
Holt-Lunstad noted that married couples can encourage healthy habits in one__65___ ,such as eating a healthy diet and having regular doctor visits.People in happy marriages also have a source of emotional support,she said.
51.A.from B.to C.than D.by
52.Amarried B.engaged C.linked D.loved
53.A.which B.that C.this D.what
54.A.life B.marriage C.partner D.spouse
55.A.young B.old C.single D.experienced
56.A.monitors B.doctors C.nurses D.researchers
57.A.take B.do C.make D.want
58.A.supportive B.active C.representative D.protective
59.A.most B.lower C.higher D.least
60.A.pressure B.speed C.level D.flow
61.A.stopped B.dropped C.rose D.ran
62.A.more B.some C.much D.any
63.A.page B.number C.copy D.issue
64.A.nor B.both C.neither D.either
65.A.another B.each C.other D.every
模板,内容仅供参考
2012年职称英语考试试卷 综合类B级 第一部分：词汇选项（第1~15题，每题1分，共15分） 下面每个句子均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1.I wanted to ask her out but was scared that she might refuse. A. afraid B. anxious C. sure D. sad 2.Marsha confessed that she knew nothing of computer. A. reported B. admitted C. hoped D. answered 3.My doctor said I should vary my diet more. A. prepare B. cook C. change D. choose 4.I got a note from Moira urginq me to get in touch. A. instructing B. pushing C. notifying D. inviting 5.A number of theories have been proposed to explain the situation. A. tested B. suggested C. used D. announced 6.The sea turtle's natural habitat has been considerably reduced. A. suddenly B. greatly C. generally D. slightly 7.The test produced disappointing results. A. indirect B. similar C. positive D. unsatisfactory 8.At 80, Peck was still vigorous and living in Paris. A. happy B. energetic C. alone D. busy 9. A young man is being hailed a hero tonight after rescuing two children. A. reported B. proved C. caught D. praised 10.He asserted that nuclear power was a safe and non-polluting energy source. A. maintained B. recommended C. considered D. acknowledged 11.It is possible to approach the problem in a different way. A. handle B. raise C. pose D. experience 12.Eventually, she got a job and moved to London. A. Certainly B. Finally C. Luckily D. Naturally 13.For some obscure reason, the simple game is becoming very popular. A. obvious B. Major C. unclear D. minor 14.The decision to invade provoked storms of protest. A. ignored B. organized C. caused D. received 15.Forester stared at his car, trembling with rage. A. turning B. jumping C. shouting D. shaking 第二部分：阅读判断（第16 - 22题，每题1分，共7分） 下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该
职称英语考试完形填空解题技巧 1. 三一定律：如果选项当中有三个词同义、意思相近、或者是褒贬色彩一样。那么这种情况下，与这三个选项有区别的那一项99%是正确选项。 2. 如果选项当中有两个选项的词的词形结构有类似的地方，它的不同往往就会带上一些语法标志（如动词的时态、名词的单复数等）。这两个选项当中一定有一个是正确选项，在回到文章当中去比对，就很容易找出正确答案了。那么我们可以排除掉其它两个选项。 3. 如果选项中有两个词同义且有细微的区别，答案必在其中，取范围广者。 4. 如果选项中有两个选项互为反义，答案在其中，回原文找线索。 5. 两个并列动词之间的关系：①中间加to；②后面动词加ing；③加动词原形，前动词是使役动词。 6. 横线后面出现了than，则横线上多半考的就是形容词或副词的比较等级。 7. 选项中某个词在文章的前面或是后面出现过，那么此词很有可能是正确答案。 8. 剩余的实词题就需要根据原文的内容来确定:如果横线前后提到了选项当中提到了选项当中的某个词，那么横线就
极有可能是这个选项。 9. 词义辨析，直接通过四个选项词的意思 9. 介词题考的是固定搭配，其前的动词或名词、其后的名词就显得尤其的重要。要求考生一定要背一些固定搭配的短语。 10. 连接代词和连接副词题，考的就是从句的引导词(尤其是以定语从句为主)：①如果横线前是介词，则选项应选which；②如果选项中有“介词+which”这个选项，则该选项多半是正确答案；③非限定性定语从句中，先行词是人，用who，先行词是物，用which，先行词是句子，用which； ④三种用that的情况。 接下来，我们就以实际的一篇例题来让大家体会一下，到底我们所讲的这个解题技巧在完形填空的解题当中起到了多大的作用： Think as a Hacker Does At the brand-new Hacker Academy in Chicago, US, students learn about phishing schemes, firewall breaches, and advanced tricks for breaking into confidential documents and revealing passwords. But it's not nearly as illegal as it sounds. The academy doesn't teach people to be （1）, but to "think like hackers" - and hopefully to stay one step ahead of （2）.
2016年. 【农民】__theirland. 丧失 ,__provedthathewasn'tworkinghardenough.非限制性定语 倒装句 Athens同位语 翻译：奥林匹克马拉松赛跑为26英里，385码.大约为马拉松到雅典的距离 ,wedecided totakethetrain.完成被动的非谓语动词形式 与…打成一片 【记录】theplain【平常的，简单的】facts【事实，真相】ofsmalltownlife. 非谓语动词 抚养 ：为了 ''tknowmorethanyoudo. ''llmoveinsoonandweneedtobuy__furniture. 【药方】 【生物学家】doesnotmerely【仅仅】describe【描述】organisms【有机物】,buttriestolearn__actastheydo. "Hashecomeback....Yes,he__back forthreedays. 【32课】同位语 翻译：生态学，即研究生物与其环境之间关系的科学，在石油地质中也很重要。 ,theearth__coveredbywater.【55课】虚拟语气
翻译：如果所有的大陆和山脉被推平，那么地球表面将被一层超过12000英尺深的水所覆盖。 "veryhappy".【5课】 翻译：拥有五个或更多亲密朋友的人自认“非常快乐”的机会高出他人50%。【不协调的，不相配的】withgoodhealth. ' ' 2017年 .【31课】 翻译：老人把手浸在盐水里，努力保持头脑清醒。 虚拟语气（过去相反） 翻译：Smith上周非常忙，否则他就去看你了。 . 非谓语动词 翻译：她需要买所有的东西，她将要离开市场，在小镇的街上再花费一个小时。 翻译：我很感激三年前给我的出国工作的机会。 ,__isclearfromtheexpressionsonhisface.【模拟三】as引导的非限制性定语从句翻译：他得了第一名，他脸上的表情清楚地表明了这一切。 . 【大纲原句】 翻译:直到后来他们才意识到发生了多么可怕的事情。 ,airtrafficcontrollersrelyonradar. 翻译：为了追踪机场航行中的飞机，空中交通控制台要用雷达。 ……to：太……而不能
第四篇 Animal?s “Sixth Sense” A tsunami was triggered by an earthquake in the Indian Ocean in December, 2004. It killed tens of thousands of people in Asia and East Africa. Wild animals, 1 , seem to have escaped that terrible tsunami. This phenomenon adds weight to notions that 1 they possess a “sixth sense” for 2 , experts said. Sri Lankan wildlife officials have said the giant waves that killed over 24,000 people along the Indian Ocean island?s coast clearly 3 wild beasts, with no dead animals found. “N o elephants arc dead, not 4 a dead rabbit. I think animals can 5 disaster. They have a sixth sense. They know when things are happening,” H. D. Ratnayake, deputy director of Sri Lanka?s Wildlife Department, said about one month after the tsunami attack. The 6 washed floodwaters up to 2 miles inland at Yala National Park in the ravaged southeast, Sri Lanka?s biggest wildlife 7 and home to hundreds of wild elephants and several leopards. “There has been a lot of 8 evidence about dogs barking or birds migrating before volcanic eruptions or earthquakes. But it has not been proven,” said Matthew van Lierop, an animal behavior 9 at Johannesburg Zoo. “There have been no ＿10＿ studies because you can?t really test it in a lab or field setting 2 ,” he told Reuters. Other authorities concurred with this 11 . “Wildlife seem to be able to pick up certain 12 , especially birds … there are many reports of birds detecting impending disasters,” said Clive Walker, who has written several books on African wildlife. Animals 13 rely on the known senses such as smell or hearing to avoid danger slid as predators. The notion of an animal “sixth sense” — or 14 other mythical power is an enduring one 3 which the evidence on Sri Lanka?s ravaged coast is likely to add to. The Romans saw owls 15 omens of impending disaster and many ancient cultures viewed elephants as sacred animals endowed with special power or attributes. 词汇： tsunami /tsju:5nB:mi / n.海啸 concur /kEn5kE: / v.(with)同意，赞成 trigger /5tri^E / v.引发，触发 impending /im5pendiN / adj.迫近的 ravaged adj.被毁坏的 predator /5predEtE / n.食肉动物 leopard /5lepEd / n.豹 mythical /5miWikEl/ adj.神话般的 eruption /i5rQpFEn / n.喷发 owl /Eul / n.猫头鹰 migrate /mai5^reit / v.迁移 omen /5Eumen / n.预兆，征兆 volcanic /vCl5kAnik / adj.火山的 endow /in5dau / v.赋予注释: 1. adds weight to notions that ：更加相信…… 2. field setting ：field 意为“实地，野外”， setting 意为“环境”。 field setting 可译为“野外环境”。 3. enduring one ：由来已久的信念。 one 指代在句首出现的， noiton enduring 意为“持久的，永久的”。练习：
2002年全国职称英语考试理工类（A级）考试试题及参考答案 第1部分：词汇选项 (第1～15题，每题1分，共15分) 下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 1 The price of vegetables f1uctuates according to the weather. A jumps B rises C falls D changes 2 Did you do that to irritate her? A tease B attract C annoy D protect 3 Mary looked pale and weary． A ill B tired C worried D peaceful 4 The water in this part of the river has been contaminated by sewage(污水). A polluted B downgraded C mixed D blackened 5 Her treatment of the subject is exhaustive. A very boring B very thorough C very interesting D very touching 6 Alice is a fascinating girl. A a beautiful B a pretty C an attractive D a pleasant
7 Her mood can be gauged by her reaction to the most trivial of incidents. A displayed B shown C proved D assessed 8 The old lady let her flat to an English couple. A offered B rented C provided D sold 9 She stood there，crying and trembling with fear． A shaking B staggering C struggling D murmuring 10 They strolled around the lake for an hour or so. A ran B rolled C walked D raced 11 The conclusion can be deduced from the premises． A argued B derived C permitted D come 12 I can no longer tolerate his actions． A putupwith B accept C take D suffer from 13 Our plan is to allocate one member of staff to handle appointments. A ask B persuade C assign D order 14 She has been the subject of massive media coverage. A extensive B negative
职称英语考试完形填空拿高分的技巧2017年职称英语考试完形填空拿高分的技巧 (1)语法和词汇 (2)固定搭配 (3)上下文的逻辑推理 在最后的冲刺阶段，首要任务是将职称英语教材中的新增文章再次复习一遍，加强对文章的记忆和理解。 其次，职称英语考生需要参考历年完型考试的真题，熟悉题型特点，考生可以从历年真题中总结并学习职称英语考试中一些不断重复的语法考点，比如动词时态，冠词考察，介词等的考查。 最后，职称英语考生一定要记住，良好的学习心态、积极的应试心理也是考试制胜的关键因素。在职称英语考场上要保持镇定，从容应答，这样才能唤醒记忆，将所学所掌握的知识应用到职称英语考试中。 完型填空必做三项功课 一、主要考察内容：完形填空旨在测试考生对语言的理解程度和综合运用语言的`能力。职称英语考试中的完形填空测试是一篇难度适中，长度为150词左右的短文。短文中留出15个空白，每个空白为一题，每题有四个选项。要求考生在全面理解内容的基础上选择最佳答案，使短文意思完整、文理通顺、结构严谨、主题明确。 完形填空考题的设计一般是从以下三个方面出发的：(1)语法结构(2)词法结构(3)上下文之间的逻辑关系。
在15个选项中，要求填入实词(动词、名词和形容词等)的约占70%，其他为虚词(介词、副词等)的约占30%.要填的词几乎涉及各 个词类，动词含有不同的时态和语态。 二、复习策略分析 1.复习方向：完形填空的复习主要以本类别和本级别的完型填空的文章为主，尤其是以本类别和级别新增文章为重点进行复习，然 后再去看本类别的非新增文章，如有精力以其他类别的完型填空的 文章作为练习训练去做做。 2.一般的解题步骤： 通读全文 首先要阅读整篇文章，理解全文内容。同时对全文的语言表达方式，比如文章用的时态、语态、文章的措辞与口气等方面得出大致 印象。 逻辑判断 在阅读全篇的基础上，开始从头判断每个空所缺的词的语言形式，如词类、时态、语态;并判断该词应具有的符合文章上下文的词义。 理解选择 从给出的4个选项中，选出在语法与词义上均与原文相符合的一个。 三、高分通关必做的三项功课： 1.语法知识的积累职称英语考试完型填空题型能否顺利拿下分数，除了对重点文章的正掌握外，平时对语法知识的积累是非常重要的。很大程度上完形填空都在考查考生运用语法知识的能力，因此在强 化阶段，考生应该对职称考试中涉及的语法点进行巩固复习。 2.固定搭配与词组的记忆完型填空中大部分都是考查的动词等的固定搭配、常用的词组等，因此考生在强化阶段应该注意对平时阅 读中出现的固定搭配与词组进行搜集、积累与记忆。
2020职称英语考试综合类模拟试题1：完形填空 完形填空 Nobody likes insects. They are annoying and sometimes dangerous. Some of them bite us and give us 51 ; others bite us and give us big red 52 . Some do not bite, 53 they just fly round our heads or crawl round our houses and gardens. And we do not like any of them 54 those lovely butterflies. But insects are interesting. First, they are very 55 animals. Three hundred and twenty million years ago there were no men or other mammals in the world but there were insects. Today, 56 every square mile of land there are millions of them flying and crawling 57 . Second, insects are very adaptable to their habitat, to their food and to the weather. Now there are about a million different 58 in the world. 59 do people use insecticides? Not many insects 60 us. In many cases we do not see the insects and we do not think much about them. The reason is that insects eat 61 of man's food, 62 there are so many billions of them. We must use insecticides to get rid of them. An insecticide is simply a special chemical 63 with some poisonous elements. Farmers spray their crops very often and the insects die quickly. Of course some poisonous chemicals may 64 on the crops or in the 65 , and that is also dangerous. 51. A. wounds B. diseases C. disturbance D. panic
2016职称英语考试真题及答案 第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题l分，共15分) 下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语有下划线，请为每处下划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1、Have you talked to her?lately? https://www.doczj.com/doc/2813507589.html,stly B.finally C.shortly D.recently 2、 About?one quarter of?the workers in the country are employed in factories. A.third B.fourth C.tenth D.fifteenth 3、 The dentist has decided to?extract?her bad tooth. A.take out B.repair C.push in D.dig 4、 We shall keep the money in a?secure?place. A.clean
B.secret C.distant D.safe 5、 This table is strongand?durable. A.long-lasting B.extensive C.far reaching D.eternal 6、 He endured agonies before he finally?expired. A.fired B.resigned C.died D.retreated 7、 There are only five minutes left, but the?outcome?of the match is still in doubt. A.result B.judgement C.estimation D.event 8、 The great changes of the city?astonished?every visitor to that city A.attacked
第一部分：词汇选项。 下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。 1 Mary has blended the ingredients. A mixed B made C cooked D eaten 2 They agreed to modify their policy. A clarify B change C define D develop 3 The economy continued to exhibit signs of decline in September. A play B send C show
D tell 4 A notably short man, he plays basketball with his staff several times a week. A practically B considerably C remarkably D completely 5 The dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth. A take out B repair C push in D dig 6 It is absurd to predict that the sun will not rise tomorrow. A ridiculous B funny C odd D foolish
7 A lot of people could fall ill after drinking contaminated water. A muddled B polluted C mixed D troubled 8 The room is dim and quiet. A tiny B pleasant C dark D agreeable 9 The index is the government's chief gauge of future economic activity. A measure B opinion C evaluation D decision 10 It's prudent to start any exercise program gradually at first.
A Life with Birds 有鸟陪伴的生活 For nearly 17 years David Cope has worked as one of the Tower of London's Yeoman warders,(1) better known to tourists as Beefeaters.作为伦敦塔的守卫者之- David Cope在那里工作了近17年，被游客们称为伦敦塔卫兵。David, 64, lives in a three-bedroomed flat right at the(2) top of the Byward Tower, one of the gatehouses. David，64岁，生活在Byward塔顶部的一个三居室的单元里，一个警卫室。"(3) From our bedroom we have a marvellous view of Tower Bridge and the Thames, " says David. David说：“从我们的卧室看去，我们可以看到伦敦塔桥和泰晤士河的一个美好景色。” The Tower of London is famous (4) for its ravens, the large black birds which have lived there for over three centuries.伦敦塔以大黑色的鸟——乌鸦而著名，它们已经在那里生活了三个多世纪。David was immediately fascinated by the birds and when he was (5) offered the post of Raven Master eight years ago he had no (6) hesitation in accepting it. "David立刻被这种乌迷住了，当他在八年前被提供乌鸦主人的职位时他毫不犹豫地接受了它。“The birds have now become my life and I'm always (7)aware of the fact that I am (8) maintaining a tradition. 这种鸟类现在已经成为我的生命，我总是警觉到我
职称英语考试综合类(A级)试题及答案(7) 45 The only way to stop the spread of aerosols in the atmosphere，according to Dr Rasool and Dr Schneider,is to use A fossil fuels． B electric power． C nuclear energy． D coal power． 第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分) 阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 Broken：Dreams of Rural Peace It was dusk in Tubney Woods．deep in ratal Oxfordshire．The birds were singing at the end of another perfect day．The woman living at the edge of the forest could stand it no longer：She phoned the local noise pollution officer． "It's the rooks(秃鼻乌鸦)，"she said．"I can't bear that awful cawing(呱呱地叫)noise．Can you do something about it?" The call was no surprise to officials at the Vale of White
【2018年职称英语考试试题理工类冲刺试题(5)】高级职称 英语考试试题 第1部分：词汇选项(第1——15题，每题1分，共15分) 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线 部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1. The nursery is bright and cheerful. A. pleasant B. clean C. peaceful D. large 2. This kind of material was seldom used in building houses during the Middle Ages. A. never B. rarely C. often D. only 3. People from many places were drawn to the city by its growing economy. A. fetched B. carried C. attracted D. pushed 4. The soldier displayed remarkable courage in the battle.
A. placed B. showed C. pointed D. decided 5. How do you aount for your absence from the class last Thursday? A. explain B. examine C. choose D. expand 6. About one quarter of the workers in the country are employed in factories. A. third B. fourth C. tenth D. fifteenth 7. She was grateful to him for being so good to her. A. careful B. hateful C. beautiful D. thankful 8. There are only five minutes left, but the oute of the match is still in doubt. A. result B. judgement C. estimation D. event
2020年职称英语考试综合类完形填空练习(4) The Great Newspaper War Up until about 100 years ago, newspapers in the United States appealed only to the most serious readers. They used no illustrations and the articles were (1)politics or business. Two men(2) that-Joseph Pulitzer of the New York World and William Randolph Hearst of the New YorkMorning Journal Pulitzer (3) the New York World in 1883. He changed it from a traditional newspaper into a very (4)oneovernight (一夜之间)。He (5)lots of illustrations and cartoons. And he told his reporters to write articles on (6) crime or scandal they could find. And they did. One of them even pretended she was crazy and then she was (7) to a mental hospital. She then wrote a series of articles about the poor (8) of patients in those hospitals. In 1895, Hearst (9)to New York from California. He wanted the New York Morning Journal to be more sensational (轰动的) and more exciting (10)the New York World. He also wanted it to be cheaper, so he (11) the price by a penny. Hearst attracted attention because his headlines were bigger than(12).He often said, "Big print makes big news." Pulitzer and Hearst did anything they (13) to sell newspapers. For example, Hearst sent Frederic Remington, the famous illustrator (插图画家), to(14)pictures of the Spanish-American War. When he got there, he told Hearst that no fighting was (15)。 Hearst answered, "You furnish (提供) the pictures. I'll furnish the war."
全国职称英语考试历年真题及答案 理工类-A级 2003-2010 目录 1.2003年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (2) 2.2004年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (16) 3.2005年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (35) 4.2006年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (54) 5.2007年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (68) 6.2008年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (76) 7.2009年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (89) 8.2010年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (102)
2003年职称英语等级考试理工类A级试题及答案第一部分：词汇选项（第1—15题，每题1分，共15分） 下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 1. The union representative put across her argument very effectively. A explained B invented C considered D accepted 2. He talks tough but has a tender heart. A heavy B strong C kind D wild 3. It is no use debating the relative merits of this policy. A making B taking C discussing D expecting 4. Our statistics show that we consume all that we are capable of producing. A waste B buy C use D sell 5. The fuel tanks had a capacity of 140 liters. A function B ability C power D volume 6. Our lives are intimately bound up with theirs. A tensely B nearly C carefully D closely 7. Her faith upheld her in times of sadness. A supported B excited C inspired D directed
2018年职称英语理工类C级试题及答案 第1部分：词汇选项(第1——15题，每题1分，共15分) 下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1.The best option would be to cancel the trip altogether A.hope B.part C.decision D.Estimate 2.He was incredibly rich. A.relatively B.seriously C.extremely D.fairly 3.The idea was quite brilliant A.positive B.key C.clever D.original 4.The course gives you basic instruction in maintenance. A.idea B.term
D.coaching 5.I think I managed to grasp the main points of the lecture . A.understand B.Cover C.prove D.discuss 6.Anything to do with aero planes and flying fascinates him. A.affects B.Helps C.worries D.Interests 7. The latest injury must surely mean that her tennis career is at the end. A. ready B. over C. rewarding D. promising 8.I didn't particularly want to go , but I had to . A.mainly https://www.doczj.com/doc/2813507589.html,ually C.especially