2013年自考“英语（二）”备考资料（新版教材unit 9）Unit 9 F ac i ng Lif e's Chal len ges
I. Ne w w or ds a nd ex p r es s ions
Ne w wor ds
1. hur d le n. h ur dl es [pl.]跨栏赛；栏架，跨栏；难关，障碍
2. ne gat iv e n.否定词；否定；拒绝adj. 坏的；有害的
3. des p air v. 绝望；失去希望；丧失信心
4. pe tt y adj. 小的：琐碎的；次要的
5. i ndi v idu al adj. 一个人的；供一个人用的
6. l ane n. （比赛的）跑道，泳道
7. s pot n. 地点；场所；处所
8. s ym bo li ze v. 象征；是…的象征；代表
s ym bol
-i ze常用的动词后缀：m oder ni ze, g lob al i ze, ec on om ize
9. i nc r edi bl y a dv.极端地；极其
c r edib le 可靠的，可信的
c r edib l y
变副词时需省略-e的形容词有s im ple, tr ue, c r edib le, bel ie va ble s im pl y, tr u l y, (in)c r edi bl y, (u n)bel ie va bl y
10. p os it iv e adj. 良好的；正面的
11. t oug h adj. 艰苦的；艰难的；棘手的
12. ar is e v. 发生；产生；出现
ar is e f r om s th.
区分：ar ous e / ar is e
ar ous e one's a ng er / r es pec t / s ym p ath y
13. los t a dj. 不知所措的；一筹莫展的
14. lea p v. 跳跃
15. yar d n. 码
16. inc h n. 英寸
17. c i nc h n. 很容易的事；小莱
Phr as es a nd Ex pr es s i ons
1. l ine up 排成一行；站队；排队（等侯）
2. en d u p 最终成为；最后处于
end up (in) d oin g s t h. en d u p be gg ing / b ein g ar r es ted
end up as a b egg ar / pr is on er / m ill i on air e
end up in pr is on / d ebts
3. k eep up wit h （与…）齐步前进；并驾齐驱；跟上
4. pac e on es elf调整自己的工作（或活动）节奏
5. f it i n （与…）合得来；适应
6. ge t o ver解决；克服；控制
7. we ar out 使疲乏；使筋疲力尽；使厌烦
8. wi th e as e 轻而易举地
9. m ak e it 获得成功
10. f al l o ver被…绊倒；几乎被…绊倒
11. g et los t 不知所措；一筹莫展
12. look bac k on 回首(往事)；回忆；回顾
13. inc h b y inc h 缓慢而谨慎地；一步一步
14. a t a t im e 每次；逐一；依次
II. T ex t Lear n ing
300 H ur dl es
① Lif e m a y gi v e yo u a ne gat iv e, b ut d on't des pa ir- it m a y j us t d eve lo p into a b eau tif ul pic tur e on e da y. T his year, I r eal i zed m y the or y t hat I hav e o n l if e. Lif e is li k e a 300m hur dle r ac e. S inc e I r un t he 300m
hur dl es, I wo ul d k now w hat the r ac e is l ik e.
② T he f ir s t thing to a n y r ac e is wor r yin g a bout whet her you ar e goi ng
to wi n or n ot. T his r e l ates to w or r yi ng abo u t the pett y t hi ngs i n l i f e. Does it r ea ll y m atter i f yo u w in? Is it r e al l y goi ng t o be the en d o f the wor ld? O r wi ll yo u b e ups et if you los e and then f or get ab out it? (1)In
lif e we wor r y t oo m uc h an d l iv e i n th e m om ent t oo litt le.（承上总结句）
③ (2)Nex t is t he li nin g up in our o w n ind iv i dua l l anes. W e eac h s tar t at dif f er ent s pots, bu t th e r ac e is s ti ll th e s am e dis t anc e f or e ver yo ne.（承上启下句） (3)T hi s r el ates to our l i ves tak in g us to dif f er ent pl ac es and putt ing us in dif f er ent s ituat io ns, but ho pef ull y w e wil l en d u p i n the
s am e plac e, but m a yb e at dif f er ent tim es.
④ No w c om es the b e gin nin g of the r ac e. W e all tr y to k eep u p with
ever yon e a nd pac e o ur s elv es wit h ot her p eop le. (4)T his s ym bo l i zes that at tim es in e ver yon e's li ves w e wor r y, ab out f itting in or be in g th e s am e as other peo pl e, i ns te ad of wor r yi ng ab out bei ng u ni que. If ever yone wer e th e s am e, the wor ld wou ld b e i nc r edi bl y bor ing.
本部分重点及难点：
1. In lif e w e wor r y too m uc h and li ve in the m om ent too lit tle.
生活中，我们担心得太多，而活在当下太少。
2. N ex t is the l ini ng u p in our o wn ind i vid u al lan es.
接下来的一步就是在我们自己的跑道站好，也就是各就各位。
3. T his r elat es to our li ves tak ing us to dif fer ent p lac es and putt i ng us
in d if f er ent s itua tio ns, but hop ef ull y w e wi l l end up in t he s am e p lac e, but m a ybe at d if f er ent tim es.
(1) r elate to 涉及，有关
(2) tak ing us to dif f er ent p lac es和putt in g us in dif f er ent s itu ati ons的逻辑主语都是o ur l iv es，作r el ate t o的宾语。
(3) end up in t he s am e pl ac e 在同一个地方结束，即有同样的结局
end up in pr is on / i n de bts
end up beg gi ng
end up as a b egg ar / pr is on er
4. T his s ym bol i zes th at at t im es in e ver yo n e's li ves we wor r y, ab out
f ittin
g in or be in g t
h e s am e as other peo pl e, ins te ad of wor r yin g abou t be
i ng u ni que.
(1) at tim es: s om etim es
(2) f it in:合得来，适应
(3) ins tea d of: r ath er than
⑤ No w c om es the f ir s t hur d le. T his h ur dl e i s the e as ies t t o ge t o ver
bec aus e yo u ar e not w or n ou t f r om r unnin g. W e all m ak e it o ver this
hur dl e with eas e. T hi s s ym boli zes t hos e o bs tac les i n l if e tha t we
s tr uggle to get ov er, but w e a l wa ys m anage to do s o. Yo u c an l ook at that hur dl e in t wo wa ys: "I c an't m ak e it ov er, I'm too tir ed" or"I am
one m or e hur d le c l os er to f inis h in g th is r a c e". T his is a n ex am ple of
tak ing a n ega ti ve s i tu atio n a nd s ee in g s om ethi ng pos it iv e i n i t.（承上句）
⑥ T he nex t p ar t of th e r ac e is e ver y h ur dl e bet ween the f ir s t a nd las t one. （主题句）T hes e hur dl es get tou gher a nd to ugh er an d you m a y f ee l as thou gh yo u c an't g o on. T his hap pens a lot in lif e to o.（承上启下句）T her e m a y be a s it uat ion that ar is es w her e yo u f eel as t hou gh yo u c an't m ak e it and a ll yo u c an th ink abou t is g i vi ng u p. You m a y f all o ver th at "hur d le" or s tr u ggl e g etti ng o ver it, but s o m ehow yo u f in d i t i n your s elf
to j um p over it an d m ove on w it h th e r ac e.
⑦ Nex t is that las t 100m of the r ac e. You f eel as tho ugh yo u j us t w ant
to s a y, "N o I c a n't d o this." (5)Ag ai n, you m us t f ind i t i n yo ur s elf that
yo u c an d o i t, a nd yo u m us t f inis h th e r ac e s tr onger t han whe n you h ad s tar ted i t.
本部分重点及难点：
5. A gai n, you m us t f ind it in yo ur s elf that you c an do it, and yo u m us t
f inis h th e r ac e s tr on
g er than w
h en you ha d s tar ted it.
(1) f ind it in yo ur s elf that yo u c an do it，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是t hat 从句。
(2)you m us t f inis h t h e r ac e s tr ong er th an…，s tr ong er是主语的补语，说
明主语的状态。例如：
He d ie d yo un g / po or.
名词也可以作主语的补语，说明主语的状态。例如：
He d ie d a beg gar.
Sh e c am e f r om her m arr iage a s tr onger p er s on.
⑧ No w las t l y is th e l a s t hur dl e. T his hur d le is the tou ghes t out o f all of them. (6)In lif e we f i n d our s el v es f alli ng an d f all ing, an d m a ybe gett ing too los t i n o ur pr ob le m s that we f e el l ik e w e ha ve bee n thr oug h enou gh and t her e's n o ho pe. T hat las t hur dle s ym b oli zes t hes e s i tuat io n s.（承
上句）It's o ne s te p c l os e to t he end of the r ac e.
⑨ O nc e you f in is h, you l ook bac k on it an d yo u r ea l i ze th at you m ade it
not b y lea pi ng, but s t ep b y s te p. (7) "Yar d b y yar d, l if e is v er y h ar d.
But inc h b y inc h, l if e c an be a c inc h."
本部分重点及难点：
6. In lif e w e f ind our s el ves f all ing an d f all i ng, a nd m a ybe get tin g too
los t i n o ur pr ob lem s that we f eel lik e we h a ve bee n thr o ugh e n ou gh a nd ther e's no ho pe.
生活中，我们发现自己不断跌倒，为种种问题所困扰，感觉自己历经重重磨难，
仍然看不到希望。
(1) f ind on es elf f alli n g an d f all ing，现在分词作宾补。（可参考U ni t 7, T ex t A）再如：
W hen he c am e to, he f ound h im s elf l ying in hos pi tal.
He f ound him s elf s ur round ed b y s e ver al bo ys.
(2) be thr o ug h 经过，历经；完成，结束（可参考U nit 5, T ex t B）
7. "Yar d b y yar d, lif e is ver y h ar d. But inc h b y inc h, l if e c an be a
c inc h."
一码一码地，生活很困难。但是一英寸一英寸地来，生活只是小菜一碟。即生活
中我们要一步一个脚印，循序渐进。（注：1yar d=0.9144 m eter, 1 i nc h=2.54 c entim eter s）
⑩ (8)Al l it tak es is on e s tep at a tim e, one hur dl e at a t im e.
本部分重点及难点：
8. A ll it t ak es is one s tep a t a t im e, one h ur dle at a tim e.
(1) all=a ll tha t=w hat
(2) at a t im e: s epar at el y一次，依次，每次
T ak e the p il ls t wo a t a tim e.
区分：at o ne t im e: for m er l y一度，从前
At one tim e I us ed t o go s k iing e ver y w i nt er.
请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩！
【单选题】19. S hen zh en was a s m all v il lag e ______.
A． a tim e
B． o ne t im e
C． at a t im e
D． at one tim e
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查a t on e tim e和at a tim e的区别。a t on e t im e意为"曾经，一度"，at a tim e意为"一次，每次"，故选D。本句的意思是"深圳曾经是个小渔村。"
【知识点】at one tim e和at a t im e的区别
III. 部分练习讲解
P256 Br idg in g th e G a p
Dir ec tio ns: F i ll in the bla nk s with a wor d or a phr as e tha t b es t
c om pletes th e p as s ag e. You m a y c hoos e a s uitab le one f r om the lis t
gi ven.
解题方法：把词分类
动词名词形容词副词介词连词m ark m ark c onf us ed int ent ion al l y as o ppos e d to
eve n if
c onf us e
d po tent ia l l ik el y
k nown pote nti al
c alle
d u pon na tur a l
G if ts ar e thos e t ale nt s and a bi lit ies t hat f lo w alm os t ef f or tles s l y f r om us. G if ts ar e s om etim es 1 c onf us ed w ith s k ills. W hile s k ills c an b e
dev el ope d, g if ts ar e s om ething w e ar e bor n with- the y ar e wh at we
dis c ov er as we tr y n e w t hi ngs a nd f ind tha t s om e things ar e as 2
natur a lto us as br e at hin g.
W hen we 3 inte nti on a ll ym ak e a dec is i on t o c r eate our lif e a nd wo rk
bas ed on o ur g if ts, w e'r e not on l y m or e 4 l ik el yto s uc c ee d, b ut c an a ls o m or e thor ough l y enj o y th e j our n e y t o war d c r eating an d r ea li zi ng our f ull 5 pot ent ia l .
T ak e inve ntor y of（评估）your lif e to det er m ine wh er e you ar e u til i zin g lear n ed and de ve lop e d s k ills 6 as o ppos e d toex pr es s in g an d h on or ing yo ur inn ate（与生俱来的）g if ts. Ar e yo u ope r ating bas e d o n wh at yo u think yo u "oug ht" to b e do ing or ar e yo u l i vi ng a n au the ntic lif e th at is
r ic h and f ulf ill in g?
7 E ven if yo u ar e not i n a p lac e to p ur s ue a ne w c ar e er bas ed on yo ur
gif ts, look f or wa ys to m ak e your gif ts 8 k no wn t o ot her s an d
dem ons tr ate them in as m an y ar eas of yo u r lif e as pos s i bl e. T he m or e yo ur gif ts ar e 9 c a ll ed upo n, th e m or e natur all y yo u wi ll f ull y ac c ept
and pr om ote thos e g if ts. T he m or e you ex pr es s your lif e thr o ugh yo ur inn ate gif ts, the m or e yo u wi ll ex c el. It's a beau tif ul l y s e lf-per pet uati ng （能使自身永久存在的）pr oc es s onc e yo u m ak e the dec is ion to b egi n. Your gif ts ar e yo ur s i gnat ur e, your uni qu e pai ntbr us h es- us e th em to ex pr es s your gr eat n e s s and m ak e your gr e atnes s an d m ak e your 10
m ark on the w or ld!
I. Ne w w or ds a nd ex p r es s ions
Ne w wor ds
1. s tr ic k en adj. 受煎熬的；患病的；遭受挫折的
pan ic / gr ief / c ons c ienc e / po ver t y-s tr ic k en
2. po li o n.小儿麻痹症
3. br ac e n. 双脚规形夹
4. a id n. （某工作所需的）帮助，助手，辅助物
5. c r utc h n. 腿脚受伤病人用的）腋杖
6. a w es om e adj. 令人惊叹的；令人畏惧的
7. m aj es tic all y ad v. 威严地；壮丽地
8. un do v. 打开；解开；拆开
unf old展开，打开
unc o ver发现，揭示，揭开（盖子）
un loa d 卸货
une ar th
9. c las p n. （包、皮带或首饰等的）搭扣，扣环
10. t uc k v. 把…塞进狭窄的空间；把…藏入
11. c h in n. 下巴
12. c on duc tor n. 乐队指挥
c onduc t
13. pr oc e ed v. 接着做；继而做
14. r it ua l n. 程序；仪规；礼节
15. r e ver e ntl y a dv. 恭敬地；虔诚地
16. b ar n. （音乐）小节
17. s na p v. (使)断裂，绷断
18. f igur e v.认为，认定（某事将发生或属实）
19. lim p v. 瘸着走；跛行；蹒跚
20. or c hes tr a n. 管弦乐队
21. p ur it y n.纯洁；纯净；纯粹
pur e
pur it y
pur if y
-if y: be aut if y, s im pli f y, c l as s if y
22. s ym ph on ic adj. 交响乐的
23. m odula te v. 变调；转调
24. d e-tun e v. 使改变调子
25. o utb ur s t n.（感情的）爆发，迸发
bur s t ou t c r yi ng / la ugh ing / s in gin g
bur s t i nto t ear s / la ught er / an gr y w or ds 26. a pp laus e n. 鼓掌；喝彩
app la ud
27. a ud itor i um n. 礼堂；会堂
28. a pp r ec i ate v. 欣赏；赏识
appr ec iat e
appr ec iat iv e (of)
29. br o w n. 额头
30. b o w n. 琴弓
31. b oas tf ull y ad v. 自吹自擂地；自夸地
boas t
boas t of / abo ut (d o ing) s th.
boas t er自夸的人，吹牛者
32. p ens i ve adj. 沉思的；忧伤的
33. r e ver e nt a dj. 非常尊敬的；深表崇敬的
34. s ac r ed adj. 上帝的；神的；神圣的
35. s hak y a dj. 不稳固的；不牢靠；摇晃的；不确切的
36. b e wi ld er in g adj. 令人困惑的；使人糊涂的
Phr as es a nd Ex pr es s i ons
1. wi th t he a id of在…的辅助下
2. m ak e one's wa y 去；前往；到…地方去
3. go of f突然发出巨响
4. at one po int 在某个时刻
5. a ll of a s udde n 突然；猛地
II. T ex t Lear n ing
A V io li n wi th T hr ee St r ings
1 O n N o v. 18, 1995, I t zh ak Per lm an, the vi oli nis t, c am e on s ta g e to
gi ve a c onc er t a t A ve r y F is her H al l a t L inc oln C ent er i n Ne w Yo rk Cit y.
2 (1)If you ha ve ev er been to a P er lm an c onc er t, yo u k no w th at gett ing on s tag e is no s m all ac hie vem ent f or him. He was s tr ic k en wit h pol io as a c hi ld, and s o he ha s br ac es on b oth le gs and w alk s with t he ai d of
two c r utc hes. T o s ee him walk ac r os s the s tage one s tep at a tim e,
pai nf ull y a nd s l o wl y, i s an a wes om e s ight.
3 He walk s painf ul l y, ye t m aj es tic all y, unt il he r eac h es h is c hair. T hen he s its d o wn, s lo wl y,puts h is c r utc hes on t he f loor, und oes th e c las ps on h is le gs, tuc k s one f oot bac k and ex te nd s the ot her f oot f or wa r d.
T hen he b ends do wn and pic k s up the vi ol i n, pu ts it und er his c h in,
nods to the c ond uc tor an d pr oc ee ds to p la y.
4 B y n o w, t he a ud ien c e is us ed to t his r it u al. T he y s it q ui etl y whil e h e
m ak es his wa y ac r os s the s ta ge t o h is c hair. T he y r em ain r ev er e ntl y
s ilen t wh il e he un doe s the c las ps on h is l e gs. T he y wa it u nti l he is
r ead y to pl a y.
5 Bu t th is tim e, s om ethin g we nt wr o ng. J us t as he f in is hed the f ir s t f ew bar s, one of the s tr i n gs on h is v io li n br ok e. Yo u c ou ld h ear it s n ap - it went of f lik e gunf ir e a c r os s the r oom. (2)T her e was n o m is tak ing w hat that s o und m eant. T h er e was n o m is tak ing what he h ad t o d o.
6 W e f igur ed th at h e woul d h av e to get up, put on t he c l as ps ag ain,
pic k up the c r utc h es and lim p his wa y of f stage - t o e ith er f ind a noth er
vi ol in or els e f in d a no ther s tr in g f or this o n e. B ut h e d idn't. Ins te ad, h e wait ed a m om ent, c los ed his e yes and the n s igna le d th e c ond uc t or to beg in a ga in.
7 T he or c hes tr a b ega n, an d h e p la yed f r om wher e he had lef t of f.
(3)And he pla ye d w ith s uc h pas s io n an d s u c h po wer and s uc h pu r it y as the y ha d n ev er he ar d bef or e.
本部分重点及难点：
1. If you ha ve e ver b e en to a Per lm an c onc er t, yo u k no w th at g et ting on s tage is no s m all ac h i evem ent f or him.
He's no ac tor. / H e is not an ac tor.
Yo u'r e no wr it er.
no可修饰可数名词或不可数名词，用法上相当于n ot a / a n y，例如：
He is no s tu den t. (n ot a)
T her e ar e n o c las s e s on c am pus toda y. (not a n y)
2. T her e was n o m is tak ing what tha t s oun d m eant. T her e was no
m is tak ing w hat he ha d to do.
T her e w as no m is ta k ing …不会弄错……
类似的结构：T her e i s no de n yi n g (the f ac t) that …
3. A nd h e p la ye d wi th s uc h pas s io n an d s u c h po wer and s uc h pu r it y as the y ha d n ev er he ar d b ef or e.
(1) s uc h…as…
Suc h a d is as ter as her c ar be ing s tol en h ad n ev er ha ppe ned b ef or e. 像她的汽车被盗之类的祸事，以前从未发生过。
Suc h ad vic e as he was gi ve n pr o ve d a lm os t wor th les s. 给他提的那类建议简直毫无价值。
(2)本句译文：他的演奏那么有激情，那么有力量，那么纯粹，他们以前从来没有听到过。
8 O f c our s e, an yo n e k nows that i t is im pos s ible to pla y a s ym ph onic wor k with j us t t hr ee s tr ings. I k no w t hat, an d yo u k no w th at, b ut t hat nig ht It zh ak Per lm an r ef us ed to k now tha t.（承上启下句）Yo u c o uld s e e him m odulati ng, c h an gin g, r e-c om pos ing th e pi ec e i n h is he ad. A t one poi nt, it s ou nde d l ik e he was de-tu nin g（调试）th e s tr ings t o g et ne w
s ounds f r om them that the y h ad ne ver m ade bef or e.
9 W hen he f inis hed, t her e was an a wes om e s il enc e in t he r o om. And then peo pl e r os e a nd c heer ed. T her e w as a n ex tr aor d inar y o utb u r s t of app laus e f r om ever y c o r ner of the a ud itor i um. (4)W e wer e a ll o n our
f eet, s c r eam in
g and c heer i ng, do ing ev er yt hin g we c o ul d to s
h o w ho w m uc h we ap pr ec iat ed w hat he h ad don e. H e sm iled, wip ed t he s weat
f r om his br ow, r ais ed his bo w to qu iet us, a nd th en he s a id - n ot
boas tf ull y,but in a q u iet, pens iv e, r e ver en t tone-(5) "You k no w,
s om etim es it is the ar tis t's tas k to f ind out ho w m uc h m us ic you c an
s till m ak e wit h wh at you h av e l ef t."
本部分重点及难点：
4. W e wer e al l on o ur f eet, s c r eam ing and c heer in g, d oi ng e ver ythin g we c ou ld t o s ho w ho w m uc h we ap pr ec ia ted what he had don e.
(1) on o ne's f eet 站立
(2) s c r eam ing, c heer i ng, d oi ng e ver yth in g we c ou ld…现在分词作状语，表示伴随。
(3) to s ho w ho w m uc h w e a ppr ec i ated wha t he h ad d one不定式作状语，表示目的，修饰do in g e ver yt hi ng w e c ou ld。
(4) appr ec i ate
I wi ll gr eat l y ap p r ec ia te yo ur / yo u k eepin g it a s ec r et.
He he lp ed m e a lo t. I r eall y appr ec iat e it.
appr ec i ati ve (of)
appr ec i ati on
(5)译文：我们都站起来，尖叫着，欢呼着，用尽一切方式来表达我们是多么欣赏帕尔曼所做的一切。
5. "Yo u k now, s om etim es it is th e ar t is t's tas k to f ind out h o w m uc h
m us ic you c a n s ti ll m ak e wit h wh at you ha ve lef t." "你们知道，有时候，艺术家的任务就是要弄清楚用自己所剩的还能创造出多少音乐"
(1) It is th e ar t is t's ta sk to do s th.
(2) m ak e m us ic wi th w hat yo u ha ve lef t 用你仅剩的资源去演奏音乐
(3) lef t 分词作定语
He has got onl y 10 d o llar s l ef t f or the m onth.
T her e is f ive m inutes lef t f or this c las s.
请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩！
【单选题】20. He gr ea tl y ap pr ec iat es m y as s is tanc e i n h is pr oj ec t. In other w or ds, he is gr e atl y ______ of m y h el p. A n ywa y, he is f ul l of
_______.
A． a ppr ec i ati ve, ap p r ec iati ve
B． a ppr ec i ati on, ap p r ec iati on
C． ap pr ec ia ti ve, app r ec i ati on
D． ap pr ec ia tio n, a pp r ec iati ve
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查a ppr ec iate的派生词。第一个空格要填的词在系动词be后作表语，故要用形容词。第二个空格要填的词，放在介词of后作宾语，故要用名词。故选C。
【知识点】ap pr ec ia te的派生词
10 W hat a po wer f ul li ne th at is! It has s ta yed i n m y m ind e ver s i nc e I hear d it. An d wh o k nows? Per h aps th at is t he d ef init ion of lif e -not j us t
f or ar tis ts, but f or al l of us.
11 H er e is a m an wh o has pr ep ar ed al l h is l if e to m ak e m us ic on a
vi ol in w ith f our s tr i ng s, who, al l of a s ud de n, i n th e m iddle of a c onc er t, f inds him s elf wit h on l y thr e e s tr in gs; s o h e m ak es m us ic wit h thr ee
s tr ings, an d th e m us ic he m ade that ni ght with j us t t hr ee s tr i ngs was
m or e beautif ul, m or e s ac r ed, m or e m em or able, tha n a n y that he had ever m ade b ef or e, wh en h e ha d f our s tr ing s.
译文：他是一个要把自己的一生奉献给用四根弦的小提琴演奏的人。突然有一
天，在演奏中，他发现自己的琴只剩下三根弦，而那一晚他用仅剩的三根弦演奏
出了比他以前用四根弦演奏地更美妙、更神圣、更难忘的音乐。
12 S o, p er ha ps our t a sk in th is s hak y, f as t-c hang ing, be w i lder i ng wor ld in whic h w e l i ve is to m ak e m us ic, at f ir s t w ith al l th at we ha ve, a nd then,whe n th at is no lon ger p os s ibl e, to m ak e m us ic wit h wh at w e ha ve lef t.所以，我们有时在这个动荡不安、变数不定、眼花缭乱的世界上的任务就如
同演奏音乐。开始时译文：我们倾其所有而为之，然后在不可能时，用我们所拥
有的一切去创造。
2013年自考“英语（二）”备考资料（新版教材unit 10）
Unit 10 O d e to Pu bl ic T r ans por t
O de to Pu bl ic T r ans por t
补充重要单词tr ans-wor ds：
tr ans m it / tr ans f orm / tr ans pla nt / tr ans por t/ tr ans f er / tr ans it
tr ans m it v. 传送，传染，传播（热，光，声音等）
a dis e as e th at c an be tr ans m itted to hum ans
Ins ec ts c an tr ans m it dis eas e.
Ir ons tr ans m it heat. 铁能导热。
W ater tr ansm its s ound bet ter th an a ir. 水比空气能更好的传声。
tr ans m is s ion n. 传送，传染，传播
the tr a ns m is s ion of dis eas es疾病的传播
tr ans f orm v. 使改变性质，使改观
tr ans f orm s th/s b (fr om s th) (into s th)
She tr ans f orm ed the r oom b y pa int ing it.
T he c lim ate has tr ans f orm ed the ar ea f r om a des er t int o a s w am p.(沼泽) Cater p il lar s c an b e tr ans f orm ed into butt er f lies. 毛毛虫可以变为蝴蝶。
tr ans f orm ation n. 改变，改观
His c har ac ter s eem s to ha ve und er go ne a c om plete tr ans f or m ation
s inc e h is m ar r iage.
tr ans pla nt v./n移植
tr ans pla nt s th f r om s b/s th to s b/s th
tr ans pla nt a k idne y （肾）f r om one t win t o t he ot her
tr ans por t v./n. 运输，搬运
tr ans por t wheat f r om a f arm to a m ill (磨坊)
pub lic tr a ns por t 公共交通
tr ans por tat io n n. 交通，运输
var i ous m eans of tr ans por tati on 各种交通方式
注意：tr a ns por t和tr an s por tati on都可以表示运输这个抽象概念。但是
tr ans por tat ion更多的表示运输，而tr ans por t同时能表示运输器材。
如：I n eed s om e tr ans por t to d el iv er th e g oods. 我需要某一运输工具运送这批货物
tr ans f er v/n. 将……由一处转移到另一处，调动，转车
tr ans f er s th/s b (f r om…) (to…)
His em plo yer tr ans f er r ed him to an oth er of fic e.
T he head of f ic e has b een tr a ns f er r ed f r om Lond on t o Par is.
She's h as be en tr a ns f er r ed to our Beij i ng b r anc h.
tr ans f er one's af f ec tions（比喻）转移爱心
tr ans f er to ano ther bu s转乘另外一辆公共汽车
T he y w i ll be of f er ed tr ans f er s to other l oc a tions. 他们将得到去其他地方的调动令。
It c an b e c on nec ted t o a PC f or the tr ans f er of inf orm ation. 它可以连接到个人电脑上进行信息转录。
tr ans it v. 过渡，通过，横越
air pl an es tr ans it in g th e U.S. an d C a na da
tr ans iti on n. 过渡，转变，变迁
a per i od of pe ac ef ul t r ans iti on
the tr a ns iti on f r om c hild hoo d to ad ult hoo d
I. Ne w w or ds a nd ex p r es s ions
Ne w wor ds
1. pr oc l aim v. 宣布；宣告；声明
2. s ec tor n.（尤指一国经济的）部门，领域，行业
3. nec es s it y n. 必需的事物；必需品
nec es s ar y
nec es s ar i l y
4. ar r an gem ent n. 安排；筹备
5. ter r it or y n. 领土；版图；领地
6. upf r ont ad v. 预付地；预交地
7. s unb ur n n.晒斑；晒伤
8. gr oc er i es n. 食品杂货
9. r ad ius n. 半径（长度）
10. ex p ens e n. 费用；价钱
11. a nnu al l y ad v. 一年一次地
12. h ous eh ol d n. 一家人；家庭
13. c om m ute n. 上下班路程
14. s wi tc h v. （使）改变，转变
15. tr a ns por t n. 交通车辆；运输工具；旅行方式
16. c ar bo n n.碳
17. m aj or it y n.大部分；大多数
m aj or
m inor
m inor it y
18. wean v. 使逐渐戒除恶习（或避免依赖…）
19. d epe nde nc e n.（生存或成功必需的）依靠，依赖，依存
dep end
dep end ent (on / up on)
in dep end ent (of)
dep end ent l y
in dep end enc e D a y
20. a ppr ox im atel y a d v. 大概；大约；约莫
21. p etr ol eum n. 石油：原油
22. ex c e p tio n n.规则的例外；例外的事物
23. e lec tr ic a l a dj. 电的；用电的；发电的
24. ec o nom ic adj. 经济的；经济上的；经济学的
ec onom ic al
ec onom y
ec onom ic s
ec onom is t
（具体参考U nit 6，T ex t B）
25. e lec tr ic it y n. 电；电能
el ec tr ic al
el ec tr ic ia n
联想：-ian作为名词后缀：m us ic ian, It al ia n, As i an, c om edia n, t r aged ian 等。
26. s ta ble adj. 稳定的；稳固的；牢固的
s tabi li t y
uns ta ble
ins ta bi lit y
27. s tr en gthe n v. 加强；增强；巩固
复习重要单词：（U ni t 7, T ex t B曾经讲过）
s tr ong-s tr eng th-s tr e ngth en
lo ng-l engt h-le ngt he n
wid e-wi dth-wide n
br oad-br ead th-br oa den
dee p-de pth-d eep en
hi gh-he ig ht-he igh te n
s hor t-s hor tnes s-s ho r ten
weak-we ak nes s-we ak en
28. c ons e que ntl y ad v.因此；所以
29. les s en v.（使）变小，变少，减弱，减轻
30. r es our c e n. 资源；财力
31. e as e n.舒适；安逸；自在v. 减轻；放松；缓和
32. inh abi tant n. （某地的）居民，栖息动物
33. lim ited a dj. 有限的（具体参考U nit 1，T ex t B）
lim it
lim itati on
lim ited
un lim ited / lim itles s
Phr as es a nd Ex pr es s i ons
1. bas k in 晒太阳；取暖
2. ac c oun t f or数量上、比例上占
3. be r el ian t up on 依赖；依靠
4. be attr i but ed t o 把…归因于，认为…是由于
II. T ex t Lear n ing
T he Im por tanc e of Pu blic T r ans por tat io n
① A U S C ongr es sm an onc e pr oc la im ed that, "(1)T her e c an b e n o dou bt that t he tr a ns por ta tio n s ec tor is th e m os t cr itic al s ec tor of our
ec onom y." I k no w ex a c tl y what he m eans.（承上启下句）I n th is da y a nd age, ac c es s to tr ans p or tati on is c ons id er ed a nec es s it y.
② Pu bl ic tr ans p or tat i on is def ine d as a s er vic e that i s a va il abl e f or us e
b y t he gen er al pub lic. It is a
c h ea per an
d
e nv ir onm ental l y
f r ie ndl y
alter n ati v e. It is not a tr ans por ta tio n s er v ic e tha t yo u c a n ar r an g e
pr iv ate l y to s u it your o wn p er s ona l c on ve ni enc e (al tho ugh yo u m a y, t o a c er tai n ex te nt, s uc h as pa y i ng f or a c ab in or s uite on a tr a in or s hip)
s inc e yo u ha ve t o c on s ider ot her p as s enger s wh o ar e r id ing an d m ak ing s im ilar ar r angem ents w ith yo u.
③ (2)I ha ve ex per ien c ed f ir s t-hand h o w im por tant pu bl ic tr ans p o r tatio n is.
④ I l i ve in Sai pa n, a US ter r i tor y an d th e c los es t th in gs we h av e to
pub lic tr a ns por tat io n ar e tour is t an d s c hoo l bus es. You ha ve t o h ave
yo ur o wn c ar or bik e, r ent a c ar, or pa y u pf r ont f or a tax i to go f r om
poi nt A to poi nt B. O t her wis e yo u e nd u p b as k ed in s weat and s unbur n tr ave li ng t o wor k ever y d a y. W hen I f ir s t c am e her e, I walk ed. I walk ed goi ng t o an d f r om wor k. I walk ed to the s tor e an d l ugg ed m y hea v y
gr oc er ies b ac k to the hous e. I wa lk ed to c h ur c h and I bar el y g ot to go
to p lac es f ar ther th an a t we nt y-m ile r a di us f r om m y h ous e s i nc e I di d not o wn a c ar the n, a nd (3)I c ons ider e d r e ntin g a c ar and r id ing a tax i
s uc h an ex p ens e f or a s tar tin g s in gl e m other lik e I was a t th at t i m e.
本部分重点及难点：
1. "T her e c an be no d oubt that the tr ans p or tati on s ec tor is the m os t
c r itic al s ec tor of our ec onom y."
毫无疑问，交通是我们经济体系最至关重要的领域。
2. I h av e ex p er ie nc ed f ir s t-hand ho w im por tant p ub lic tr a ns por tat ion is. 我亲身体验过公共交通的重要性。
3. I c ons ider e d r ent in g a c ar a nd r i di ng a t ax i s uc h a n ex pe ns e f or a
s tar ting s ing le m other lik e I was a t th at t im e.
(1) c ons ider doi ng s th.
c ons ider…(t o be) s uc h an ex pens e
(2) a s tar tin g s i ngl e m other刚刚起步的单亲妈妈
⑤ F or m e, publ ic tr an s por tati on is v er y im por tant bec aus e of the
f ollo w in
g r eas ons:
1. It s a ves m one y.
Ac c or din g to r es ear c h don e b y th e Am er i c a n Pu bl ic T r ans por tati on
As s oc iati on（美国公交协会）, in di vi dua ls c a n s av e up to $9,515 a nnua ll y b y par k ing th eir c ar s at hom e and us in g p u blic tr a ns por ta tio n i ns tead.
In th is ec on om y, s a vi ng m one y has bec om e a m ain c onc er n in m os t hous eh ol ds. W ith the r is ing pr i c es of f uel a nd ot her veh ic le-r e lat ed
ex pens es, d oi ng t he pub lic c om m ute to wo rk and s c hoo l c er ta in l y s a ves m one y.
2. It h el ps the en vir o nm ent.
W hen you s w itc h f r om dr iv in g yo ur c ar t o ta k ing pub lic tr a ns por t, yo u
ar e r educ ing yo ur c ar bon f oot pr int（碳足迹；碳排放量）a nd m ak ing a
gr eat s te p f or w ar d i n s avi ng t he e nv ir onm ent. T he en vir onm ental c os ts of indi v idu als us ing t heir c ar s e ver y da y h ave do ne m as s ive d a m age to the e nv ir onm ent an d i f the m aj or it y or al l in di vid ua ls lik e yo u and m e
us e pu bl ic tr ans por t i ns tead,th ink of what good we c o uld do f or the
env ir onm ent.
3. It w il l w ean us out of ener g y de pen denc e.
Ac c or din g to a p aper m ade b y D r. J ea n-Pa ul R odr i gue and Dr. C lau de Com tois, tr ans por tat i on ac c ou nts f or appr o x im atel y 25% of wor l d
ener g y d em and and f or m or e than 62% of all the oi l us e d e ac h ye ar. Nine t y-f iv e p er c ent of tr ans por ta tio n is alm os t c om pletel y r el ia nt upo n petr ol eum pr oduc ts with t he ex c epti on of r ail w a ys us in g e lec tr ic al
po wer. (4)W hile th e u s e of petr ol eum f or other ec on om ic s ec tor s, s uc h as ind u s tr ia l a nd e lec tr ic it y ge ner at ion, has r em ained r el ati ve l y s tabl e, the gr o w th in oi l d em and is m ainl y attr i but ed to the gr o wt h i n
tr ans por tat io n dem an d.
W hen we s tr engt hen our pu bl ic tr ans por t at ion s er vic es, we ar e
c ons eque ntl y les s en i ng th is o il dem an
d an d d
e pen denc e. It w il l als o
m otivate us t o c ons id er alt er nat iv e e ner g y and f ue l r es our c es.
本部分重点及难点：
4. W hile the us e of p etr ole um f or other ec onom ic s ec tor s, s uc h as
ind us tr ia l an d e lec tr ic it y ge ner at ion, has r e m ained r ela ti ve l y s t a ble, the gr o wth in oi l d em and is m ainl y attr i bute d to the gr o wth in tr ans po r tatio n dem and.
(1) ind us tr y
No on e d oubt ed his a bil it y, h is i ndus tr y or his i ntegr it y. 没有人怀疑他的
能力、勤奋和正直。
区分：ind us tr ious / in dus tir a l
(2) attr ib ute…to… 归因于，归功于
Am er ic an par ents al wa ys at tr ibu te t he ir c hi l dr en's s uc c es s to n at ur al tale nt a nd har d w or k.
注意区分：o w e…to…
c ontr ibu te …to…
4. It pr ov ides eas e an d c on ven ienc e.
Hav ing pu bl ic tr ans po r tatio n def i nit el y e as e s s om e of the bur d en s of peop le w ho do not ha ve c ar s or pr ef er n ot t o o wn on e. T he y ar e
pr ov ide d w ith c h oic es to us e pub lic tr ans po r t. (5)Pub lic tr a ns por t atio n als o pr o v ides va lua bl e s er vic es not j us t t o loc al in hab ita nts i n th e ar ea
but t o to ur is ts as we ll. W hen a to ur is t v is its a p lac e, w hic h does not
hav e p ubl ic tr ans p or t atio n, t heir c h oic es ar e l im ited an d th e ex p er ienc e the y ge t is lim ited, t o o.
请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩！
【单选题】21. W e ______ Moo nl igh t S ona ta（月光奏鸣曲）to Beet hov en. A． d is tr ib ute
B． tr ibut e
C． c ontr i but e
D． attr ibut e
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查a ttr ib ute / c o ntr ib ute…to…。attr i bute…to…相当于
o we…t o…意为"归功于，归因于"，c o ntr ib ute…to…意为"捐款，投稿"。本句的意思是"我们把月光奏鸣曲归功于贝多芬。"
【知识点】attr ibut e / c ontr ib ute…to…
⑥ A ll in al l, p ub lic tr a ns por tat ion im pr oves our wa y of l if e, s tr eng thens the c om m unit y, pr ov i des ne w j obs f or the pub lic a nd g i ves us a c lean er env ir onm ent.
本部分重点及难点：
5. P ubl ic tr ans p or tat i on a ls o pr o v ides va lu abl e s er v ic es not j us t to l oc al inh abi tants in t he ar e a but to t our is ts as well.
not j us t / onl y…but …as wel l相当于n ot o nl y…but als o…
III. 部分练习讲解
P305 Br idg in g th e G a p
Dir ec tio ns: F i ll in the bla nk s with a wor d or a phr as e tha t b es t
c om pletes th e p as s ag e. You m a y c hoos e a s uitab le one f r om the lis t
gi ven.
解题方法：把词分类
动词形容词代词/限定词
c om par e
d to lo w a not her
r equir e per s onal
r unni ng out of ec o nom ic
r ef er s to po s iti ve
lim ited
O f ten r ef er r ed to as g r een tr a ns por t, s us ta i nab le tr a ns por tat io n i s the wa y of the f utur e. T r ans por t po w er ed b y g a s and p etr o l is r un ni n g on a 1 l im itedtim e f r am e（时间范围，期限）, as b oth t hes e s our c es ar e
uns us tai nab le in the l ong r u n. In c ontr as t, s us taina bl e tr ans p or t atio n
of f ers an opt io n to a w or ld r a pi dl y 2 r unn in g out of r ene wa bl e（可再生
的） f uel s o ur c es. It 3 r ef er s toan y k ind of tr ans por t th at h as a lo w
im pac t on the en vir o n m ent, s uc h as wa lk in g, c yc l ing, m as s tr ansit,
gr een ve hic l es, an d c ar poo li ng（集体用车，拼车）, am ongs t oth er s.
An y m ode of tr ans por t is de em ed s us taina b le if it has a 4
lo we nv ir onm enta l im pac t and us es l itt le or no f uel. W alk ing is th e bes t ex am ple of s us taina bl e tr ans por t ati on, as it does n ot 5 r equ ir ea n y g as.
Ho we ver, w alk ing c a n be im pr ac tic al if yo u ar e tr a vel li ng lo nger
dis tanc es. C yc l in g is 6 an other gr een tr ans por t op tio n a nd is a f ar m or e pr ac tic al opt io n f or lo nger c om m utes.
Us ing pub lic tr a ns por tati on, s uc h as bus es or tr ai ns, is a ls o m ore
s us taina bl e 7 c om par ed to pr i vat e v eh ic les. T he am ount of f uel u s ed to tr ans por t a bus f ul l of peo ple is m or e ef f ec tiv e c om par ed to a s in gle
per s on dr iv ing a 8 pe r s onal c ar. A s us ta ina ble tr ans por t s ys tem has a 9 pos it iv eim pac t on t he en vir onm ent, a nd he l ps to pr om ote s oc ia l and 10 ec onom ic s us tainab il it y（可持续性） i n th e c om m uniti es it s er ves.
Inc r eas ed m obil it y us ual l y r es ults in bett er s oc io-ec on om ic c onditi ons: I. Ne w w or ds a nd ex p r es s ions
Ne w wor ds
1. ad va nta ge n. 有利条件；有利因素；优势
dis a dv anta ge
联想：m er it, d em er it
2. au the ntic a dj. 真实的；真正的
3. as s ur anc e n. 保证；担保
as s ur e
4. i nten tio na ll y a dj. 有意地；故意地
int end
int ent ion
int ent ion al
un inte nti ona l非故意的，无意识的
wel l / il l-i nten tio ned
5. har s h adj. 残酷的；严酷的；严厉的
6. r es pec tf ull y ad v. 恭敬地
r es pec t
r es pec tab le
r es pec tf ul
r es pec ti ve
练习：
W e s hould s h o w r e s pec t f or our el der s.
Eac h w a lk of lif e is equa ll y r es p ec tab le, no m atter whet her i t i s an eng ine er or a dus tm an.
He is ver y r es pec tf ul t o h is teac h er s.
Af ter s c hool, th e y w ent b ac k to their r es p ec tiv e h om es.
7. ab le-b od ied adj. 健康的；健壮的
8. war m th n. 热情；友情
war m
-th: war m th, le ngt h,gr o wth, s tr engt h, w id th, br e adth等
9. gu ts n. 勇气；胆量；决心；毅力
10. p ar tic u lar l y a dv. 特别；尤其
11. f er r y n.渡船
12. d es tin ati on n. 目的地；终点
13. m ainte nanc e n. 维护；保养
m aintain
14. ec o nom ic al adj. 节俭的；节约的；简洁的
ec onom ic
15. u nto w ar d a dj. 异常的；意外的；棘手的；不幸的
16. inc id ent n. 发生的事情（尤指不寻常的或讨厌的）
17. tr a ns it n. 运输；运送；搬运；载运
18. a ggr a vat e v. 使严重；使恶化
19. p us h n.矢志的追求；坚定的努力
20. s us ta in v. 使保持；使稳定持续
s us tain ab le
s us tain ab il it y
uns us ta ina bl e无法维持的，无法支撑的
21. ac c um ulate v. 积累；积聚
22. h eed v.留心；注意；听从（劝告或警告）
23. h ab itat n. （动植物的）生活环境，栖息地
24. s ta nd n. 停车处；站
Phr as es a nd Ex pr es s i ons
1. p ic k up 让人乘车；搭载
2. b y a nd lar ge大体上；总体上
3. c ond uc t on es elf举止；表现
4. i n pu bl ic公开地；在别人（尤指生人）面前
5. g iv e up... t o... 把…交给（或让与）…
6. s av e o n 节省；节约
7. k eep tabs on 监视；密切注视
8. G od/H ea ve n/Lor d f or bid (t hat...)但愿这事不发生
II. T ex t Lear n ing
Per s ona l Ad van tag es of T ak ing Pub lic T r ans por tati on
1 W hen I tak e public t r ans por t, I al w a ys en d up s e ei ng a ba la nc ed vie w of r egular f olk s, wh ic h is d if f er ent f r om how t he y'r e us u al l y de pi c ted i n the pr of it-dr iv en m edi a. I m eet r eal, au the n tic pe opl e wh o m a y h ave the s am e c onc er ns as m ine. W henever I'm on a bus, or the tr ai n, or ev en a t tim es in a tax i tha t I s har e with oth er pas s e nger s, wh om the dr i v er
pic k s up alon g th e w a y, I get as s ur anc es th at m os t f olk s m ean well to
m e, i.e., the y don't m ean t o h ar m m e intent ion al l y, des p ite a f e w
ter r ibl e, h ar s h ex per i enc es I'v e ha d w ith s om e bad pe opl e b ef or e.
2 T he m eaningf ul ex p er ienc e of r ec eiv in g r es pec t f r om and g iv in g
r es pec t to o ther s
Peo pl e ge ner a ll y b eh ave as po li tel y and r e s pec tf ull y as th e y c a n
when ev er the y t ak e publ ic tr ans p or tati on. T hat's how al l of us wer e
taug ht, b y and lar g e, b y our par ents, o ur e l der s and the ge ner at i ons
bef or e. W e alwa ys ne ed to c ond uc t our bes t s el ves wh en in p ub li c. It's a gr eat ex per ienc e s e ein g ab le-b od ied m en gi vi ng u p s eats f or th e
eld er l y, d is ab led, or p r egna nt wom en. I e ve n s ee w om en giv e u p s eats to ot her s. (1)I s ee pe opl e m ove a bit on t h eir s eats j us t to s har e s pac e to th os e ne ed ing s e at s. I s ee p eop le s m ilin g an d ta lk ing wi th e ac h other. I f eel m or e w ar m th am ong peop le w h en o n a bus or t he tr a in. I
s ee pe opl e b eha v ing genu in el y p le as ant t o war d c o-pas s en ger s, and I
r eali ze it tak es a lot o f guts to do th is es pe c ial l y dur i ng t hes e dif f ic ult tim es.
3 Sa ve c as h f or other pur pos es
I al wa ys get t he opp o r tuni t y t o s av e m one y, and am ac tuall y gai nin g penn ies t hes e d a ys. T his is par tic u lar l y tr ue wh en yo u l iv e i n a c it y,
lik e N e w Yor k, wh er e s ub wa ys and bus es a r e in plac e. I've d one the
m ath: it's f ar c heaper to tak e the s ub wa y a nd th e b us, pl us the f er r y if yo u l iv e i n St ate n Is l a nd l ik e m e, than to k eep a c ar and dr i ve yo ur s elf to yo ur us u al des ti nat ion. (2)Yo u s a ve o n t he p ar k ing f ees, the t oll
f ees, the i ns ur anc e c os t, the r epa ir an d m aint ena nc e c os ts, an d the
per c ei ved c os ts of ag gr ava tio n f r om m otor is ts on the r oad, the f uel,
am ong other c os ts. O n pu bl ic tr ans por t ati o n, yo u s im pl y j us t pa y the
f ar e.
本部分重点及难点：
1. I s ee pe opl e m ove a bi t on the ir s eats j u s t to s har e s p ac e to t hos e need in g s eats.
(1) s ee s b. d o s th.
(2) thos e n eed in g s ea ts需要座位的人
2. You s a ve on t he pa rk ing f ees, the to ll f e es, the ins ur a nc e c os t, the
r epair and m aint ena n c e c os ts, and t he per c eiv ed c os ts of aggr a vat ion
f r om m otor is ts on the r oad, t he f ue l, am on
g ot
h er c os ts.
(1) s ave on s th.节省，节约
(2) the p er c ei ved c os ts of aggr av ati on f r om m ot or is ts on the r o a d 我们
可以感觉到的马路上的汽车司机开车造成的环境恶化的成本
(3) am ong other c os ts除了其他成本
4 Li ght bag gag e to br ing wit h yo u
J us t c ar r y m ys e lf and m y tin y bag gag e. I o c c up y th e l eas t s pac e, whic h is ac tua ll y w her e ver I hap pen ed t o be s tan din g or s itt in g, whic h
c ontr ibu t es to m y ba g gage be ing v er y ec on om ic al an
d li ghter t o c ar r y.
(3)If ever ther e wo uld be u nto w ar d inc id ent s wh il e i n tr a ns it, I'd al wa ys be as s ur ed tha t I o nl y ha ve m ys e lf to wor r y abo ut, whic h is un lik e whe n yo u'r e in yo ur c ar. If an ac c id ent hap pe ns whi le you ar e in yo ur c ar,
yo u wi ll be dou bl y a g gr ava ted bec a us e yo u wil l h av e to k eep tab s on thin gs oth er th an you r s elf (who, b y th en, m a y be ex tr em el y anx i o us or eve n, m a y the Lor d f or bid, in a wor s t s it uat i on).
5 Str o ng pus h f or lo n g-ter m envir onm ental pr oj e c ts
I am c onf ident tha t I c ontr ibu te m or e to ef f or ts in s us ta in ing an d
k eeping a m uc h c lean er en vir o nm ent. (4)Motor is ts a l wa ys ha ve t o
c ons ider t hat t he y ac t ual l y ar e c o ntr ib uti ng m or e to ac c um ulated
env ir onm ental dam age whe n th e y us e f os s il-s our c ed f uel f or th ei r c ar s.
T hos e wh o ar e c o nc e r ned a bou t th e en v ir o nm ent, es pec ia ll y
pol ic ym ak er s, lead er s and m anag er s, m ight as wel l（不妨，倒不如）
heed th is b y tak ing t h e c hanc e to t ak e publ ic tr ans por t ati on if ti m e
all o ws th em. T heir f ollo wer s wil l e ve ntua ll y get t he m es s age: yo u'll be c ontr ibu ti ng m or e to s av ing w hat's lef t of o ur hab itat b y k eepin g a wa y
f r om us in
g les s of the natur a l r es o ur c es.
6 Mo vem ent an d ex er c is e
I get t he c h anc e t o d o m y ex er c is es wa lk ing f r om m y plac e to t he bus
s tand (or t he s ub w a y s tatio n, or t h e f er r y s t atio n). (5)I ac tu al l y f eel a
m uc h hea lth ier m e wh ene ver I t ak e pub lic t r ans por tat ion.
7 Com e, j oin m e and ever yon e e ls e t ak ing pub lic tr a ns por tat io n.
本部分重点及难点：
3. If ever ther e wou ld be u nto war d inc id ent s wh il e i n tr a ns it, I'd al wa ys be as s ur ed t ha t I o nl y ha ve m ys e lf to wor r y abo ut, whic h is un lik e whe n yo u'r e in yo ur c ar.
(1) in tr a ns it 在途中
(2) be as s ur ed tha t …确信的，确定的
(3) I on l y ha ve m ys e lf to wor r y ab out.
(4) w hic h引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰t hat I onl y ha ve m ys e lf to wor r y abou t。
4. Mo tor is ts a l wa ys h ave to c o ns ider that t he y ac tua ll y ar e c ontr ibut in g m or e to ac c um ulated env ir onm ental dam age whe n th e y us e f os s il-
s our c ed f uel f or the ir c ar s.
(1) c ontr ib ute t o 导致，引起
(2) ac c um ulate d en v ir onm ental d am age 集聚的环境破坏
(3) f os s il-s our c ed f uel 矿物燃料（如煤）
5. I ac tu al l y f eel a m uc h hea lth ier m e wh en ever I tak e pub lic
tr ans por tat io n.
a m uc h healt hier m e作f eel的表语。
句意：每当我乘坐公共交通工具时，我确实感觉自己更健康了。
2013年自考“英语（二）”备考资料（新版教材unit 11）
Unit 11 C yb er W or ld
I. Ne w w or ds a nd ex p r es s ions
Ne w wor ds
1. c hat li ne n. （消遣性的）热线电话交谈服务
2. v ar iet y n. （同一事物的）不同种类，多种式样
var y var y f r om…to…
比较：r a ng e / s h if t fr om…to…
var ious
3. r om anc e n. 恋爱；爱情
r om antic
4. b i zar r e adj. 极其怪诞的；异乎寻常的
5. po tent ia l a dj. 潜在的；可能的
6. s c r ipt n.剧本；广播（或讲话等）稿
7. i ntim ac y n . 亲密；关系密切
int im ate
8. i nit ia l adj. 最初的；开始的
9. per c e iv e v. 将…视为；认为
10. a va la nc he n. 雪崩；山崩
11. lit er ar y adj. 文学的；文学上的
li ter atur e
li ter al
li ter ar y
li ter ate
li ber a l
12. ver s e n.诗；韵文
13. a nim ated a dj. 栩栩如生的；（似）能活动的
14. inc l inat io n n. 倾向；意愿
inc l in e
inc l in ed
15. s we at y adj. 满是汗的；汗津津的
16. p alm n. 手掌；手心
17. var y v.相异；不同
18. c on ve y v. 表达，传递（思想、感情等）
19. p ol is h v. 修改；润饰；润色
20. inte ll ec t n. （尤稻高等的）智力，思维逻辑领悟力
21. p er s ona lit y n. 性格；个性；人格
22. s eq uenc e n. 顺序；次序
23. r e ver s e v. 颠倒；彻底转变；使完全相反
24. ve il v. 掩饰；掩盖
un ve il 揭露，揭开
25. inte ll ec tua l a dj. 智力的；脑力的；理智的
26. f am iliar it y n. 熟悉；通晓
f am iliar
f am iliar i ze
27. a ppe ar anc e n. 外貌；外表
2019年10月髙等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语(二）试卷（课程代码：00015） 本试卷共8页，满分100分，考试时间150分钟。 考生答卷前必须将自己的姓名和准考证号写在答题卡上。 必须在答题卡上答题，写在试卷上的答案无效。 第一部分：阅读判断（第1?10题，每题1分，共10分） 下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。 To Lease(租赁) or Not to Lease Planning to lease a car because you don't think you can afford to buy? Think again. Leasing can end up being just as expensive as buying. Most people think about leasing because they believe it will cost them less money. They're right-it is cheaper, but only in the short term. For example, if you were to lease anew Subaru Forester, you might pay $300 per month for the car. If you were to buy the same car, you would pay about $400 per month. Over a three-year, you would save $3600-a big savings. But after your lease is over, you have to give the car back. Many people want to lease because they can drive a more expensive car than they might otherwise be able to afford. For example, if you spend $300 monthly on a car, you might be able to lease a new Ford Explorer. For the same price, you might have to buy a used Explorer, or buy a new but much less expensive model. A lease，therefore，allows you to drive the latest models of more expensive cars. However, whatever car you can afford to buy you get to keep it, and it will always have a resell or trade-in(以新旧换)value if you want to upgrade to a new car later. Furthermore, people who lease cars are often shocked by how much they must pay when the lease is over . Most leases limit you to a certain number of miles. If you go over that, you must pay for each mile. As a result, you may end up paying thousands of dollars in mileage(里程) fees. In addition, when you lease ,you have to pay for regular maintenance and repairs to the vehicle. Since you must return the car finally, you are paying to repair someone else's car.
Unit 2 Text A salesgirl n.女售货员 couple n.几个，一对 glance vi.看一下瞥一眼He glanced nervously at his watch when he was waiting for the bus. uncomfortable a.不舒服的，不自在的 behave vi 举止 desire vt.想望, 期望, 希望, 请求(官方丈礼)n.愿望, 心愿, 要求v.要求 They showed a desire to improve relations. She desires that he (should) do it at once. distant a.在远处的，疏远的 outsider n.外人，局外人，门外汉 feature n.特征，特色 mark n.标志, 分数, 痕迹, 记号 You’d better make some marks while reading. vt.做标记于, 打分数, 标志vi.作记号 Please mark all of the large cities on this map. adapt vt.使适应, 改编 Can you adapt your way of thinking to the new life-style? adopt vt.采用, 收养 They were trying to persuade the UN to adopt an aggressivenly anti-American resolution. accent n.重音, 口音, 重音符
完整版讲义---华夏大地自考高伟老师主讲，真的很MAN！！ 第一单元知识点的回顾 Text A 1.choose----choice：词型转换经常考，同时注意该词的过去式和过去完成式。 2.★available:这个词考的频率很高。换句话说，如果在答案中出现了该词， 从词义上应该给予其优先考虑。这个词出现的句子中经常会同时出现ticket, food, book等。 3.decide----decision，注意词性上的变化。 4.purpose:这个词一旦出现，它既可以考本词的意思，也可以考后面的谓语 动词的形式，记住：凡是出现purpose, aim, objective, plan，dream, goal等 有含有目的性的词，后面的谓语动词一定是to do的形式，同时关注这些 词是否为复数形式，如果是，谓语动词一定是复数的。 5.achieve----achievement，注意词型上转换。 6.★in the way:妨碍，挡路，阻碍。区别in a way：从某种程度上。★on the way (to)在去…路上(★on the way home)和by the way：顺便说一句。 7.★★involve----involve ment(in)：注意词型转换，词义及介词搭配。 8.★consider----consideration。注意词型上的转换，同时牢记take into consideration(account)，如果单独考本词，后面的动词一定是+ing形式(动名词)，但注意主动和被动含义上的区别。 9.make a guess at:注意固定习语的搭配。 10.certain----certainly----★certainty----★★uncertainty：注意词性和词义上 的转换。 11.risk:注意后面接ing的动名词形式。 12. sometimes…;at other times…:注意前后句型上的搭配，很有可能在完型里 考。 13.range：这个词应该注意经常考的方式，range from…to…，句子中经常会 出现price,或地点等波及到范围上的词汇。 14.a number of/the number of：注意区别后面的谓语动词的单、复数。 15.★(be)based on/upon：注意搭配，完型常考。 16.therefore：学会so的另一种表达方式，说明结果，完型常考(=consequently， 本词还需要注意词型转换consequent/consequence)。 17.treat:注意搭配及同义词组，treat…as, see…as,view…as;另外treat the problem=deal with=cope with。
Unit 2 Mistakes to Success I. New words and expressions New words 1. spill v.（使）洒出，泼出，溢出 2. respond v. 作出反应；响应 respond to… response 3. interview v. （媒体）采访，访问 4. creative adj. 创作的 5. occur v. 发生；出现 It occurred to me that… 6. remove v. 拿开；去掉 7. refrigerator n. 冰箱 8. grip n. 紧握；紧抓 9. slippery adj. 滑的；滑得抓不住（或站不稳、难以行走） 10. content n. 所容纳之物；所含之物 11. veritable adj. 十足的；名副其实的；不折不扣的 12. yell v. 叫喊；大喊；吼叫 13. lecture n.（冗长的）教训，训斥，谴责 14. mess n. 肮脏；杂乱；不整洁 15. rarely adv. 罕有；很少；不常 rare animals / stamps Rarely is he late for class. 16. puddle n. 水洼；小水坑 17. eventually 最后；终于 18. restore v. 使复原；使复位；使复职 19. sponge n. 海绵块 20. effectively adv. 有效地 effective ineffective 注意区分：effective / efficient 21. tiny adj. 极小的；微小的 22. discover v. 了解到；认识到；查明 discovery 23. grasp v. 抓紧；抓牢 24. lip n.（容器或凹陷地方的)边，边沿
自考英语二考试试题及答案
10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语(二) 试卷 (课程代码 00015) 本试卷共8页，满分l00分，考试时间l50分钟。 考生答题注意事项： 1．本卷所有试题必须在答题卡上作答。答在试卷上无效，试卷空白处和背面均可作草稿纸。2．第一部分为选择题。必须对应试卷上的题号使用2B铅笔将“答题卡”的相应代码涂黑。3．第二部分为非选择题。必须注明大、小题号，使用0．5毫米黑色字迹签字笔作答。 4．合理安排答题空间，超出答题区域无效。 选择题区 第一部分：阅读判断(第1～l0题，每题l分，共10分) 下面的短文后列出了l0个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该旬提 供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择8；如果该旬的信息文中没有提及，选择C。在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。 Black Friday Everyone likes to shop for gifts for the holiday season, but few people know
the history of holiday shopping. While people have heard of Black Friday; most do not know its origins. Black Friday is the day after Thanksgiving (感恩节).On this day most retail stores open their doors very early一some as early as 4 am. In addition, they provide their customers with great discounts on products. With this in mind, it is clear to see why so many shoppers buy many of their Christmas gifts on Black Friday. Black Friday is not as ok! as many people think. In fact, it is believed that the first Black. Friday was held in the 1970s in the USA. It was a day when stores decided to mark the start of the holiday season In order to draw more customers, they offered great discounts. All products sold very well. This large success resulted in the name Black Friday, it was so named because the stores were "in the black". This financial term means the stoics made a lot of money. However, it was not until around that Black Friday really started to gain in popularity. Today in the USA, countless advertisers proudly announce their Black Friday sales. They hope to attract shoppers into their stores. Black Friday is a day when many shoppers in the USA go out and buy gifts, even though Christmas Eve is still a more popular day to shop. Thanks to the Internet, it is now possible to get some excellent Black Friday deals online. So if you don't want to get to the stores by 4 am, this is the perfect way to still get items at reduced prices. 1.Many people know the history of Black Friday.? A. True B. False C. Not Given 2.Most stores open their doors for business very early on Black Friday. A. True B. False C. Not Given 3.Customers get better service on Black Friday. A. True B. False C. Not Given 4.Black Friday started in the USA. A. True B. False C. Not Given 5.The holiday season ends on Black Friday. A. True B. False C. Not Given 6."In the black" is a financial term. A. True B. False C. Not Given
Unit 3 Friendship and Loyalty I. New words and expressions New words 1. reflection n. （关于某主题的）思考，回忆 2. loyalty n. 忠诚；忠实；忠心耿耿 3. recognize v. 承认；意识到 4. betray v. 辜负；对…不忠 5. indeed adv. 其实；实际上 6. virtue n. 高尚的道德；正直的品性；德行 7. trend n. 趋势；趋向；倾向；动态；动向 8. befriend v. 做（尤指需要帮助者的）朋友；友善相待 9. request v. （礼貌或正式地）请求，要求 10. trendy adj. 时髦的；赶时髦的 11. multitude n. 众多；大量 12. mutual adj. 共有的；共同的 mutual respect / understanding 辨析：mutual / manual / manure / mature / menu / mental 13. term n. 词语；术语：措辞 14. site n. 网站；站点 15. acronym n. 首字母缩略词
16. perish v. 丧失；湮灭；毁灭 17. thought n. 想法；看法；主意；记忆 18. gossip n. 流言蜚语 19. challenge v. 考查…的能力；考验…的技巧 20. akin adj. 相似的；类似的 21. deposit n. 存款 22. account n. 账户 accountant current account deposit account 23. interest n. 利息 24. well-being n. 健康；安乐；康乐 25. welfare n. （个体或群体的）幸福，安全与健康 26. essence n. 本质；实质；精髓 27. seek v. 寻找 28. notoriety n. 恶名；坏名声 notorious 相当于infamous 29. premise n. 前提；假定； 30. exploit v. 利用（…为自己谋利） 31. reconnect v. 再联系；再联络 32. virtual adj. （通过计算机软件，如在因特网上）模拟的，虚拟的 33. assure v. 使确信；向…保证
Unit 9 Facing Life’s Challenges I. New words and expressions New words 1. hurdle n. hurdles [pl.]跨栏赛；栏架，跨栏；难关，障碍 2. negative n. 否定词；否定；拒绝 adj. 坏的；有害的 3. despair v. 绝望；失去希望；丧失信心 4. petty adj. 小的：琐碎的；次要的 5. individual adj. 一个人的；供一个人用的 6. lane n. （比赛的）跑道，泳道 7. spot n. 地点；场所；处所 8. symbolize v. 象征；是…的象征；代表 symbol -ize常用的动词后缀：modernize, globalize, economize 9. incredibly adv. 极端地；极其 credible 可靠的，可信的 credibly 变副词时需省略-e的形容词有simple, true, credible, believable simply, truly, (in)credibly, (un)believably 10. positive adj. 良好的；正面的 11. tough adj. 艰苦的；艰难的；棘手的 12. arise v. 发生；产生；出现 arise from sth. 区分：arouse / arise arouse one's anger / respect / sympathy 13. lost adj. 不知所措的；一筹莫展的 14. leap v. 跳跃 15. yard n. 码 16. inch n. 英寸 17. cinch n. 很容易的事；小莱 Phrases and Expressions 1. line up 排成一行；站队；排队（等侯） 2. end up最终成为；最后处于 end up (in) doing sth. end up begging / being arrested end up as a beggar / prisoner / millionaire
自考综合英语二真题附答案
绝密★考试结束前 全国4月高等教育自学考试 综合英语(二)试题和答案 课程代码：00795 请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。 选择题部分 注意事项： 1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。 2. 每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。不能答在试题卷上。 I. GRAMMARAND VOCABULARY Complete each of the following 15 sentences with the most likely answer. Blacken the letter corresponding to your choice on the answer sheet. (1 point each, 15 points in all) 1. Mr. Johnson ______ rather not invest that money in the stock market. A. should B. could C. would D. must
2. Americans eat ______ vegetables per person today as they did in 1910. A. more than twice many B. as twice as many C. as many as twice D. twice as many 3. In 1900, the energy derived from burning petroleum was only four percent ______ of coal. A. that B. this C. what D. which 4. Many patients insist on having watches with them in hospital, ______ they have no schedules to keep. A. since B. even though C. so D. as if 5. In summer, she would sit in the garden enjoying the fresh air and the smell of the things she ______. A. was planting B. had planted C. has planted D. would plant 6. There ______ nothing more for discussion, the meeting ended earlier than expected. A. to be B. to have been C. being D. be 7. ______ we can hope for is to avoid complete failure in the coming game with that strong team. A. For the best B. With the best C. At best D. The best
【最新整理，下载后即可编辑】 Unit 12 A Break from Life I. New words and expressions New words 1. cranky adj. 脾气坏的 2. laundry n. 要（或正在）洗的衣物；刚洗好的衣物 3. resemble v. 看起来像；显得像；像 resemble: take after resemblance 4. throb n. （强烈有规律的）跳动；阵阵的疼痛 5. subside v. 趋于平静；平息；减弱；消退 6. ache v. 疼痛；隐痛 7. joint n. 关节 8. shuffle v. 拖着脚走 9. wiggle v. （使）扭动，摆动，摇动 10. sniffle n. 抽鼻子（声） 11. tissue n. (尤指用作手帕的)纸巾，手巾纸 12. pillow n. 枕头 13. crack v. 找到解决（难题等的）方法 14. contagious adj. 患接触性传染病的 15. germ n. 微生物；细菌；病菌 16. resourceful adj. 机敏的；足智多谋的；随机应变的 17. scrounge v. 觅取；搜寻 18. nurture v. 养育；养护；培养 19. chore n. 令人厌烦的任务、乏味无聊的工作 20. respite n. 暂停；暂缓 21. manufacture v. 编造；捏造 22. symptom n. 症状 23. pamper v. 细心照顾；精心护理；娇惯；纵容
24. hermit n. 隐土；隐修者；遁世者 25. gel n. 凝胶，冻胶（尤指用于头发或护肤的产品） 26. hearty adj. 大的；丰盛的 27. chamomile n. 苹果菊；春黄菊；甘菊 28. vanilla-scented adj. 香草味的 29. gingerly adv. 谨慎地；小心翼翼地；轻手轻脚地 30. grateful adj. 感激的；表示感谢的 be grateful to sb. for sth. ungrateful 比较：graceful disgraceful 31. spa n. 水疗 32. tub n. 浴缸；浴盆 33. drain n. 下水道；排水管 34. refresh v. 使恢复精力；使凉爽 35. emotionally adv. 感情上地；情感上地 emotion emotional 36. empower v. 增加（某人的）自主权；使控制局势 37. permission n. 准许；许可；批准 permit 38. justify v. 对…作出解释；为…辩解（或辩护） 39. awareness n. 知道；认识；意识 Phrases and Expressions 1. pile up 堆积；积压 2. come down with患，得，染上（小病） 3. slip away 消失；消亡；死去 4. respond to 作出反馈；响应 5. care for 照顾，照料（病、老、幼者等） 6. tend to 照料；照管；护理
自考4月英语二真题加解析
4月英语（二）真题 第一部分：阅读判断（第1～10题，每题1分，共10分） 下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C，并将所选答案的代码（指A、B或C)填在答题纸的相应位置上。 Using Music to Change Your Mood Everyone knows that listening to music when feeling bad can provide a relief. Music can also reduce stress, make depression more bearable and help you relax. All the benefits of music can only be got if the listener enjoys the music he is listening to. If the listener dislikes the music or finds it boring，it will have a negative effect on him instead of a positive one. Now let's examine what most of us do when it
comes to listening to music. We usually just listen to a play list and allow a program to randomly（任意的）select the songs we are going to listen to. This is where the program lies. What if you liked the first song but found the second one boring? What if the third one was a motivating song while the fourth didn’t suit your emotions? What do you think the result will be? What you'll have is an emotional mess! The first song will lift your mood a little. The second will make you a little bored. The third will motivate you and then the fourth will put you down. In the end you’ll end up feeling worse than before. I strongly recommend dividing your play list into different small lists. For example, a list for relaxation, a list for motivation and so on. Another very important thing you must do is to get rid of all of the old music that you are bored of. Besides, don't listen to songs with negative words or messages. The music you listen to can delay your recovery from breakups（分手）by months and months!
自考英语二00015真题
7月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语（二）试卷 I. Vocabulary and. Structure (10 points, 1 point each) 从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。 1 .Students should_____their own interests as well as do their schoolwork. A. persuade B .pursue C. persistD.proceed 2. I'd like to remind you that there is no_____on the part of suspects to answer questions. A. obligation B.evidence C.transaction D.motivation 3. He blamed his poor performance_____jet lag. A.to B .for C.on D.at 4 .We_____knowledge from our families,schools,jobs,and the mass media. A. request B.require C.inquire D.acquire 5. Not until recently_____that Thompson had been telling the truth all along. A.I realized B.did I realize C.I did realize D.realized I 6. I don’t need any help at the moment,but I_____your offer. A.appreciate B.admire C.enjoy
? UNIT 1 ? 重点单词和短语 ? objective accomplish predict accompany attain scheme skilled argue define ? interview prospect ? course of action in the way(by the way, in no way, in a way) make a guess at contribute to and the like (and so on) ? seek to do sth. in part point of view vary from…to … ? apply for (to) ? have no idea bring about take the trouble to do ? put oneself in one’s place ? to one’s advantage at a disadvantage ask for in hand turn down (up, on, off, out, over, back) ? 重点、难点句子详解 ? 1.A decision is a choice made from among alternative courses of action that are available. ? 解析：courses of action意思是行动方案、做事步骤；made 是过去分词；from among 为二重介词 ? 例：We’ll inform you as soon as tickets become _____. (06-4) ? A. valuable B. capable C. acceptable D. available (D) ? 2. … some suggest that the management process is decision making. ? 解析：suggest表示认为、提出、暗示意思，后面不用虚拟语气，表示建议意思， 后面用虚拟语气。 ? 例：It is suggested that the meeting (should) be held (hold)at some other time. ? 3. … decision m aking includes limiting alternatives as well as identifying them. ? 解析：as well as意思是既…又… ? 4. In fact, I did have several questions, but you have already answered them all. ? 解析：助动词do在肯定句中用在动词之前表示强调，意思是 确实。 ? 5. … but do not let it worry you too much. ? 解析：动词let, make, have, hear, see, observe等词之后的 宾语补足语为省略to 的 不定式结构。 ? 6. There is little likelihood that … ? 对比：There is a/ every/no likelihood that/of ? 例：The two sisters are ___ in many ways, not only in appearance but also in temperament.(06-4) ? A. like B. likely C. alike D. lively (C) ? ? UNIT2 ? 重点单词和短语 ? exert collapse shrink basis launch convince operate revolve glitter unlikely (be likely to) whereas concerned (be concerned about) plateau ? in theory apply to depend on research into swallow up make use of together with in every respect in other words consist of a great many under the circumstances make a difference above all as a rule ? seek to do sth. in part point of view vary from…to … ? 例：I hope my boy friend will be handsome, strong and ___ kind. (06-4) ? A. above all B. in all C. at all D. after all (A) ? 重点、难点句子详解 ? 1. Einstein claimed that matter and energy are interchangeable… ? 例：爱因斯坦声称物质和能量是可以相互转化的，因此没有绝 对的时间和空间。 (05-4-68) ? 2. It is only recently that astronomers have begun specific research into black holes. ? 例1：It is on Friday ___ we will hold the meeting. ? A. that B. when C. in that time D. what (A) ? 例2: As a painter, Ted was very ___ about the colors he used. (03-10) ? A. specific B. special C. peculiar D. particular (D) ? 3. The earth is one of mine planets which move in orbit round the sun. ? 对比：The earth is the only one of the nine planets which has life on it. ? 4. The total water area is about three times as large as the land area. ? 解析：数词+times + as +形容词+as是表示倍数的表达法。 ? 例：It is important to note that a reading of 4 indicates an earthquake ten times as strong as one with a reading of 3. (unit 6 text B) ? 5. The more we learn about other people, the better we understand their ideas, and, as a rule, the better we like those people themselves. ? 解析：the+比较级，the+比较级结构，意思是越…越…，第一 个从句中谓语动词不 用倒装，第二个从句谓语动词可以用倒装，也可以用正装语气。 ? 例：___ we are, ___ we become. ? A. the oldest; the wiser B. older; wiser ? C. the older, the more wise D. the older; the wiser (D) ? UNIT 3 ? 重点单词和短语 ? deteriorate debate (on/upon) request ensure oppose(be opposed to) burden sensitive privilege appoint bias accessible ? recruit ? be affected with carry out in addition to in this case open up care for take into account have …at heart be sensitive to opt out of for short amount to
2018年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语(二) 试卷 (课程代码00015) 本试卷共8页。满分l00分，考试时间l50分钟。 考生答题注意事项： 1.本卷所有试题必须在答题卡上作答。答在试卷上无效，试卷空白处和背面均可作草稿纸。 2.第一、二部分在“选择题答题区”作答。必须对应试卷上的题号使用2B铅笔将“答题卡的相应代码涂黑。 3.第三一七部分在“非选择题答题区”作答。必须注明大、小题号，使用0．5毫米黑色字迹签字笔作答。 4．合理安排答题空间，超出答题区域无效。 第一部分：阅读判断(第l～l0题，每题l分，共10分) 下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该旬提供的是错误信息，选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。
第二部分：阅渎选择(第11～15题，每题2分，共l0分) 阅渎下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的4个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出1个最佳 选项，并在答题卡相应位置上将该项涂黑。
第三部分：概括段落大意和补全句子(第16～25题，每题l分，共10分) 阅读下面短文，请完成短文后的2项测试任务：(1)从第l6～20题后所给的6个选项中为第1～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)从第21～25题后所给的6个选项中选择5个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将正确选项的字母写在答题卡上。
第四部分：填句补文(第26～30题，每题2分，共10分) 下面的短文有5处空自，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容 将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，请将正确选项的字母写在答题卡上。