反意疑问句
一，定义：当我们陈述了一个事实，而又不是很有把握，就可以在陈述句后加一个简短问句，称为反意疑问句。
例如: She is a teacher, isn’t she
We are students, aren’t we
二，反义疑问句的结构
结构一：前肯，+后否
eg. He is a student, isn’t he
结构二：前否，+后肯
~
eg. He isn’t a student, is he
三，反义疑问句的做题步骤
{同学们看到反义疑问句时，一定要想到以下这两个步骤}
1，判定。判断用肯定还是否定。（前面的句子中有否定词not, never, few, little, nothing的时候，后面用肯定：反之，则用否定）
eg. He has never been to paris, has he
She knows little English, does she
2，找动词。(用于提问的动词有三种：be, do 和have。其中be 动词包括am, is, are, was, were. Do包括do, does, did. Have包括have 和has，had.)
eg. She is a doctor, isn’t she(这里是be动词)
`
She likes music, doesn’t she (这里是一般性的行为动词，用do的各种形式来提问)
Mr. Smith has bought many books, hasn’t he (这里是have表示完成时态)
注意：当看到have的时候。同学们一定要注意，当have表示“有”和“吃”的意思时，我们不用have，而是用do的各种形式。
例如：She has a book, doesn’t she(有一本书)
You have a good friend, don’t you(有一个好朋友)
He usually has dinner with his parents, doesn’t he
也就是说：
当看到have+动词过去分词，表示完成时态的时候，用have或has 的形式提问。!
当have表示“有”和“吃”的意思时，我们用do的各种形式提问。
名词
一，名词分为可数名词和不可数名词
1，只能修饰可数名词的词语有: many, many a(n), a good / great many, a (great / large) number of, scores of, dozens of
2，只能修饰不可数名词的词语有: much, a great deal of, a great / large amount of 3，既能修饰可数名词又能修饰不可数名词的词语有: a lot of, lots of, plenty of
二，可数名词复数
规则变化：
'
1..一般情况加s ：book—books，house---houses，girl---girls
2.以s, sh, ch, x结尾的加es ：class--- classes, box----boxes,
match----matches dish—dishes 3.辅音字母+ y结尾的变y为i加es：city---cities, country----countries ,
party----parties
4.以o 结尾的+es的情况：heroes, tomatoes, potatoes (有生命的)以o 结尾+s的情况：radios, zoos, pianos , photos（无生命的）
5.以fe 结尾的变fe为v +es ：wife—wives
不规则变化：
`
man—men, woman—women, tooth—teeth,
foot—feet, child—children, mouse—mice
单复数同行的有: sheep, deer, Chinese, Japanese
合成词的复数形式, 两个词都变化.
例如：man teacher—men teachers woman doctor—women doctors
代词
用括号中人称代词的适当形式填空：
sister is helping _______（we）.
2. John and I are in the same （we）go to school together.
likes_____(she)。 4. Danny gives the book to ______ (you).
_____(I) have many friends. Some of_____（they）are good at English.
6. Jim is English. ________ (I) like playing with _______(he).
love ________（they）very much.
Li often looks after________（she）.
are waiting for__________（they）.
you like Li Ming No, ______(I) don’t like _____(he).
介词
1,具体在哪一天用介词on
例如：在星期一on Mondany, 在九月十号on September 10th
<
2, 在哪一年用介词in
例如：在2012年, in 2012; 在1999年, in 1999
3, 穿什么颜色的衣服用介词in
例如：She is dressed in green today.
4, 河上面有一座桥用介词over
There is a bridge over the river.（over 在什么上面，两个物体不接触）
5，表示一段时间，介词for+时间
例如：I have worked here for three years.
>
6,about:关于；在…前面: in front of
被动语态
一，英语中语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。（主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象)
例如：She wrote the book.她写了这本书(主动句)
The book was written by her.这本书是被她写的（被动句）
二，被动语态的结构：be+动词的过去分词
二，被动语态的标志性单词：by 和with
@
by引出动作的执行者；with引出行动使用的工具
例如：He was killed by a robber.他被一个强盗杀死了。（这里by引出动作的执行者：robber）
He was killed with a knife.他被人用刀杀死的。（这里with引出行动使用
的工具：knife）
1
1. English ____ in Canada.
A. speaks
B. are spoken
C. is speaking
D. is spoken
2. This kind of car ___ in Japan.
A, makes B. made C. is making D. is made
3 Our room must ___ clean.
A. keep
B. be kept
C. to be kept
D. to keep5
4 Doctors __ _ in every part of the world.
A. need
B. are needing
C. are needed
D. will need
5. New computers ___ all over the world.
A. is used
B. are using
C. are used
D. have used
6 A new house ___ at the corner of the road.
A. is building
B. is being built
C. been built
D. be building
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数词
一，基数词one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve 序数词first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth tenth eleventh twelfth
二，序数词的运用
1. 一般要加the表示顺序, the First Lesson , the Third Floor
2. 有限定词时，不用the,
例如：This is Lily’s second pen.
It’s our first lesson.
Mary is my first teacher.
三，dozen, hundred，thousand，million和billion
1,当他们前面有数字时，后面不加S,
《
例如：
三打three dozen 三百three hundred 三千three thousand
2,当他们后面有加S时, 后面通常要跟of, 例如：
hundreds of 数以百计thousands of 数以千计
millions of 数百万dozens of 几打
主谓一致
1、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语作主语时，谓语动词要用单数；主语为复数时，谓语用复数。
2、由and或both……and连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数
@
但并列主语如果指的是同一人、同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数。例如：The poet and writer has come.
3、一些只有复数形式的名词，如people, police, cattle, clothes等作主语时，谓语
动词要用复数。
4、集体名词family, class, team, group 等看作整体时，谓语动词用单数；看作每
一个成员时，谓语动词用复数。
5、表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。
6、由连词not……but……, or, either……or, neither……nor, not only…but also,等连接的
并列主语，如果一个是单数，一个是复数，则谓语动词按就近一致原则，与最靠近它的主语一致。
7、There be句型、以here,there开头的句子,谓语动词和靠近的主语一致。
8、many a ＋单数名词(许多……) ；作主语，尽管意思是复数，但谓语动词还
是用单数。
Many a ship has been damaged in the storm.
\
考查主谓一致的常见题型有单项选择，完型填空。做这类题时，必须找出句子的真正主语，然后根据记忆的知识作出判断。同时，要遵循三个原则：语法一致、意义一致和就近原则。
1）How time flies! Ten years ________ passed.
A. have
B. has
C. is
D. are
2) Not only his parents but also his brother ________to the Summer Palace. They
haven’t been back.
A. have been
B. have gone
C. has been
D. has gone
3）Either Jane or Steven _____ watching TV now.
A.were D. was
4) There _____ many new words in Lesson One. It is very easy.
A. is
B. aren’t
C. isn’t
D. are
5) The Olympic Games _______ held every______ years.
A. is，four
B. are，four
C. is，five
D. are，five
6). Not only my brother but also I ______ good at painting. Both of us ______good painters.
A. are...are
B. am...are
C. is...is
D. are...is
7).------Two months _______ quite a long time.
]
------Yes. I’m afraid that he will miss a lot of lessons.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
8）. Many a professor _____ looking forward to visiting Germany now. Many scientists _____ studied animals and plants in the last two years.
A. is; have
B. is; has
C. are; have
D. is; are
9）.Two hundred and fifty pounds _____ too unreasonable a price for a second-hand car.
A. is
B. are
C. were
D. be
词汇短语句型
do I 我也是
2. There is something wrong with …….出问题了
3. What do you think of ….. 你认为…怎么样
How do you think 你认为怎么样How do you like 你认为怎么样
4. Help yourself 请自便
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5. 打电话时问：Who is that speaking
答：This is ….speaking.
6. 征求意见问：Would you mind……..
答：Of course not.
7. Would rather sb. do sth. 宁愿某人做某事
8. The answer to the question 问题的答案the key to the door 门的钥匙9．How long 多长how much 多少（+不可数名词）how many多少（+可数名词）
how often 多久一次（表示频率）how soon 多快
】
10. go fishing 钓鱼go shopping 逛街
11. turn on打开turn off 关掉turn down调小，调低turn up 开大（声音），出现
12. look for寻找find out找出look at 看一看
13. arrive in/ at 到达arrive in+大地方arrive at+小地方
14. be good at擅长…be bad at不擅长…be good for 对…有益be bad for 对…有害
15. on duty 值日I’m on duty today 今天我值日
16. as soon as 一…就
17. catch up with 赶上，追上
—
18. agree with sb 同意某人的意见
19. get on well with 与…和睦相处
20. set up：创立，设立put up：举起抬起pick up：拾起，捡起；无意间学会（一门语言）
21. too…to 太…以至于不能She is too young to go to school.
so…that…如此….以至于She is so young that she cannot go to school.
形容词副词的比较级和最高级
关于形容词副词，考试时就主要考比较级和最高级
形容词比较级的用法
;
○1“as +原级+as”
She is as smart as you.
○2“比较级+than”
Jim is taller than Tom.
○3比较级+and+比较级：越来越…..
bigger and bigger:越来越大more and more difficult:越来越难
Her work is getting better and better. 她的工作干得越来越好
I become more and more forgetful as I’m getting old.随着年龄的增长，我变得越来越健忘了。
$
○4the +比较级+句子，the+比较级+句子. 越……越……
The more you get, the more you want. 得到的越多，想要的就越多。
The faster the air is moving, the stronger the wind is.空气流动地越快，风就越大。
○5形容词比较级前可用much, a lot, far, a bit 等词修饰。
例如： a lot better好多了much taller高多了much more comfortable 舒服多了也可以用数词+名词构成例如：two years younger 少两岁
2 形容词最高级的用法
○1通常由“+the+形容词最高级+介词短语”
￥
例如：He is the tallest boy in our class.
He is the most interesting teacher in our school
○2有时，最高级前有the second, the third等修饰
例如：Los Angeles is the second largest city in America.
洛杉矶是美国的第二大城市。
( ) 2 Li Lei is___ student in our class.
A. tall
B. taller
C. tallest
D. the tallest
( ) 3 The fifth orange is____ of all. Give it to that small child.
A. big
B. bigger
C. the bigger
D. the biggest
( )4 Who is---of you three？
A. the oldest
B. much older
C. oldest
D. older
( ) 1 Tom is one of ____ boys in our class.
A. tallest
B. taller
C. the tallest B. the tall
( ) 2 English is one of____ spoken in the world.
A. the important languages
B. the most important languages
C. most important language
D. the most important language
( ) 3 Beijing is one of____ in China.
A. the largest city
B. the large cities
C. the larger cities
D. the largest cities
动词和时态
终止性动词→ 延续性动词：
…
borrow → keep buy / get → ha
die → be dead open → be open close → be closed
begin / start (开演) → be on finish / end / complete → be over
leave / start (出发) → be away go to school → be at school
join the army → be in the army join the Party → be in the Party
fall asleep / get to sleep → be asleep
receive / get a letter from I have finished my homework. 我已经写完了我的家庭作业He has returned from school. 他已经从学校回来
，
2.用法
1.表示截止到现在已经完成的动作
eg By now, I have collected all the data that I need.
2.表示发生在过去而对现在产生影响、带来结果的动作
eg She has been to the United States.
3.表示过去发生的动作持续到现在，并可能还要延续
eg I have learned English for 8 years.
过去完成时：
had+ 过去分词
1.发生在“过去的过去”
eg When I woke up, it had stopped raining.
2.与一个表示过去的时间状语连用
eg Peter had collected more than 300 Chinese stamps by the time he was ten.
3.在过去某时之前开始一直延续到这一时间
eg By the end of last year, he had worked in the factory for twenty years.
过去将来时
1.宾语从句或间接引语中
eg He didn't expect that we would all be there.
2.表示过去习惯性的动作
eg During that period, he would do this every day.
3.表示过去的愿望、倾向，多用于否定句
eg They knew that we would never permit such a thing.
一般过去式
>
标志性词：yesterday, the day before yesterday, two years ago, last month the other day 不久前一天in 19999 （在过去的年月）
现在进行时
标志性词：now, look! Listen!
Look, they are playing basketball.
Listen, she is singing.
重要的动词
`
Keep的用法
+形容词
+sth/sb +形容词
+doing 一直做某事
... from doing ... 阻止做某事。。。
a pet 饲养一个宠物
long may I keep this book keep指借。
Stop 的用法
1. stop … from + “阻止”、“阻拦”“阻止……做某事”。
2. stop to do“停下来做某事”，强调停下来去做另外一件事。
3. stop doing“停止做某事”，强调停止正在做的事情。
Forget 和remember的用法
1，forget to do，忘记还没做的事情
2，forget doing忘记已经做过的事
1，remember to do，忘记还没做的事情
2，remember doing忘记已经做过的事
Buy 的用法
1.用作动词，表示“买”，可带双宾语；若双宾易位，通常要用介词for。如：
我叔叔为我买了本英语词典。
正：My uncle bought me an English dictionary.
正：My uncle bought an English dictionary for me.
2.表示向某人买某物，通常用介词from。如：
He bought this watch from a friend. 他从一位朋友那儿买了这块手表。
3.表示用多少钱买某物，通常用介词for。如：
I bought the computer for $600. 我花600美元买了这台电脑。
He bought it for very little money. 他买它只花了一点点钱。
【注】有时也用介词at, 侧重指价格。如(from ：
He bought them for [at] 10p each. 他以每个10 便士的价格买下了它们。
4.是终止性动词，因此在肯定句中不宜与一段时间连用。如：
这房子我已买了十年。
正：I bought this house ten years ago.
Borrow: 借入borrow sth. from sb.
Lend : 借出lend sth. to sb.
由于时间有限，就总结这些知识给同学们复习了。祝同学好运，考出好成绩！
2019 年全国英语等级考试 pets3三级常见语法解析(4) 虚拟语气表示与客观事实相反的假设，由 if 虚拟条件从句和主句构成。 一、虚拟语气的基本内容 根据虚拟与其这种与事实相反的假设所对应的时间不同，虚拟语气的 if 虚拟条件从句与主句的谓语动词分别有三类构成形式： 假设类型If 虚拟条件从句 主句与现在事实相反Did/were Would/should do与过去事实相反 Had done Would/should have done与将来事实可能相反Were to do/did/should do Would/should do 例： 1、I wouldn't talk that way if I were Peter. 2、If the whole operation had not been planned before hand, a great deal of time and money would have been lost 3、Jean doesn't want to work right away because she thinks that if she were to get a job she probably wouldn ’t be able to see her friends very often. 4、I would ask George to lend us the money if I knew him. 5、Do you think there would be less conflict ( 战斗、斗争) in the world if all people spoke the same language. 6、If Bob had come with us, he would have had a good time. 二、 if 的省略形式( 又称虚拟语气的倒装结构)
全国英语等级考试（一级）模拟试题 听力（略）第一部分 英语知识运用第二部分 单项填空第一节 并在阅读下面的句子和对话，从三个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项，答题卡将该项涂黑。26. He is badly ill. We must _____ a doctor at once. C. send away B. send for A. send to . last year27. The hospital _______ C. has been built B. was built A. built into the classroom, the teacher _____something on the blackboard. came28. When I C. wrote A. is writing B. was writing 29. --How long have you been ill? -- C. Once a week A. Since last week B. A week ago 30. Everybody is here _____Mike. C. except B. and A .not understand the passage ___ there are a few new words in it. 31. We don'tC. because B. unless A. and 32. The TV set is very nice. How long have you _______it? C. taken B. had A. bought 33. --- Shall I get one more apple for you, Dad? ve had enough. '---Thanks, but you _______. It C. needn' A. may not B. must not 34. --- _________is your shirt? --- It is 100yuan. C. How long B. How much A. How many 35. He is _______kind an old man that all the children like him. C. such B. so A. very this 36. Either Jim or Sam ______going to help the farmers with the orange harvest afternoon. C. is B. were A. was . 37. We have studied for two hours. Let's stop A. have a rest B. to have a rest C. having a rest 38. We won't go to Great Wall if it ________tomorrow.
公共英语等级考试三级(PETS3)学习笔记（六） Unit 21 Services(1) Dialogues /monologues: 1、 Hotel in London or in England specially, will ask for a credit card or a confirmation which will guarantee that your room is held, basically all night or for late arrival. 2、 This could be a precise place for you. 关于：precise 与 accurate 是否有区别? accurate，correct，delicate，exact，precise都含有一定的"正确,精确"之意 accurate 准确的，精确的，指某人或某事不仅不出错，而且与事实无出入，强调准确性 correct 正确的，指某人或某事合乎事实或公认的标准或规则，没有错误 delicate 精美、精细的、雅致的 exact 确切的、精确的,语气较accurate强,指某人或某事数量或质量完全符合事实或标准,而且在细致末节上也丝毫不差 precise 精密的,指具有高度的精确性和准确性,强调范围界限的鲜明性或细节的精密,有时略带"吹毛求疵"的贬义 3、 Art-house. Art-house：艺术电影院 指放映不属于商业主流电影的电影院。艺术电影院放映的影片，重视电影本身的品质，较不注重商业吸引力，如当代重要导演的影片、独立制片影片、影史的经典作品，及发行有限的前卫及实验电影。亦称 Art theater。 4、 Your restaurant specializes in hamburgers and chicken, right? specializes in：擅长于，专攻。 5、 As an unadvertised special, you can have a trip to the salad bar with your order for only a dollar more. 作为一个末做广告的特价餐，您可以多出一美元随意的在沙拉吧里定购。
全国公共英语等级考试英语一级（1级）模拟试题含答案 第一节：单项选择 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑． 1. ----- will you be able to finish the job this week? ----- ___________ , but I'm not skilled enough, you know. A.I can't say so B.I expect so C. I'm sure so D. I don't know so 2. We arrived at the station _______ late, or we the bus. A. too much; would catch B. a little too; had caught C. much too; would have caught D. too much; would have caught 3. Is it the watch you want ________? A. to have it repaired B. to repair it C. to have repaired D. to have repaired it 4. The two thieves fled the town separately, _______ a bag. A. each carrying B. whose that watch is C. whose watch is that D. whose watch is 5. The little boy can't tell ________. A. whose is that watch B. whose that watch is C. whose watch is that D. whose watch is 6. If a baby bird stays _______ for two or three weeks after leaving the nest, it has a fair chance of becoming an adult. A. living B. lively C. alive D. live 7. We will not attack ______ we are attacked;if attacked,we will certainly counter-attack. A. if B. when C. unless D. even if 8. You can take ______ seat you like. A. no matter what B. no matter which C. what D. whichever 9. I ______ to speak to you all these days. A. wanted B. have wanted C. shall want D. shall be wanting 10.A burning cigarette he threw into the wastepaper basket ______ fire to the hotel. A. made B. set C. caused D. caught 11."Do you hear someone knocking at the door?" "Yes, I did. I heard him ______ three times." A. knocking B. knocked C. being knocking D. knock 12.Peter,John and Tom each ______. A. say they came first B. says they came first C. says he came first D. say came first 13.Through long power lines electricity goes ______. A. to the place needed B. there it is needed C. where it is needed D. which it is needed 14. ______ from the apple tree. A. It down fell B. there it is needed C. Down fell it D. Fell it down 15.The service in this restaurant is very poor;there are not enough waiters to wait ______ customers. A. on B. for C. with D. to 第二节：完形填空 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C、D中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．
Part B Directions: Read the texts from a magazine article in which five people talked about the importance of doing exercise. For questions 61 to 65, match the name of each person to one qf the statements (A to G)given below. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. Patricia: I went by Inter-Rail this summer with a group of friends from university. I think it worked very well, although a few of them said they'd never do it again—I guess it wasn r t quite like they thought it was going to be~not as comfortable probably. We usually slept in hostels or on the train so we were completely exhausted but 1 think we had a great time. Next year V 11 see if 1 can perhaps visit fewer places and not get so worn out. Davis: I traveled about 6,000 kilometres in four weeks with a couple of friends from college. We spent weeks planning out the route and all the places we were intending to go to. Would I do it again? Well, f d have to think carefully about that but, on the whole the trip was good for me as I was the official translator, which was great as V m normally a bit shy of talking to people 1 don't know. On the last night of the holiday they treated me to a really expensive meal for helping them out. It was terrific! Jenise: Well, I guess I had a good time now when I look back on it, and I saw eight countries in four weeks. Everything went well but I think that from now on 1' 11 probably choose to do something else. I want to meet local people rather than just people who work for the train service ! I did get to know quite a few other English and American students and they were great but it didn* t do much for my French and Gennan. Nigel: I think it's definitely the best way of getting around Europe even though you have to spend money on the Inter-Rail ticket before you leave. I have a friend who hitch-hikes and he says that's the only way to travel because it's free and you see more interesting places. But I knew I could jump on a train wherever I wanted in the morning, while he would still be standing in the rain hoping for a lift. So all in all I think I got the better deal, especially as 1 could take the night train and save on hotel bills. Hawk: F vc done it quite a few times now and V m used to the kind of problems that arisc—likc having to sleep in a park because the train arrived too late for me to get a hotel bed, and trying to keep to a tight budget. The mistake people often make is to just get off at the tourist spots. Try getting off the train at the little villages, like I do. They1 re usually fascinating and the people are friendlier, too. Even if they don't understand your miserable attempt at their language they still smile and nod.
全国英语等级考试（一级）模拟试题 第一部分听力（略） 第二部分英语知识运用 第一节单项填空 阅读下面的句子和对话，从三个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡将该项涂黑。 26. He is badly ill. We must _____ a doctor at once. A. send to B. send for C. send away 27. The hospital _______ last year. A. built B. was built C. has been built 28. When I came into the classroom, the teacher _____something on the blackboard. A. is writing B. was writing C. wrote 29. --How long have you been ill? -- A. Since last week B. A week ago C. Once a week 30. Everybody is here _____Mike. A .not B. and C. except 31. We don’t understand the passage ___ there are a few new words in it. A. and B. unless C. because 32. The TV set is very nice. How long have you _______it? A. bought B. had C. taken 33. --- Shall I get one more apple for you, Dad? ---Thanks, but you _______. I’ve had enough. A. may not B. must not C. needn’t 34. --- _________is your shirt? --- It is 100yuan. A. How many B. How much C. How long 35. He is _______kind an old man that all the children like him. A. very B. so C. such 36. Either Jim or Sam ______going to help the farmers with the orange harvest this afternoon. A. was B. were C. is 37. We have studied for two hours. Let’s stop . A. have a rest B. to have a rest C. having a rest 38. We won’t go to Great Wall if it ________tomorrow. A. rains B. rain C. will rain 39. No book and no pen______in the bag. A. is B. are C. has 40. Please give me ______. A. two cups of milks B. two cup of milk C. two cups of milk 第二节完形填空 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的三个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选
全国英语等级考试三级写作 邀请信 提出邀请： 我们要……，你能来吗？ We’re having a… can you come？ We’ll…，will you join us？ 我希望你能参加……。好吗？I would like you to come to … 我们准备……，非常希望你能来。 We’re planning…，will you give us the pleasure of your company？ 我们希望你尽可能来参加 We’d love to have you here if you can possibly make it. 你愿意来……吗？How would you like to come to…？ 你来得了吗？Can you be present？／Will you come？ 我们都盼望你来。We hope you can come. / We’re eager to have you here．/ We should like to have you join us． 愿意来……吗？Would you care to come for…？ 敬请光临request the pleasure of the company of sb．
request the honour of sb．’s presence cordially invite the pleasure of sb…． 为欢迎??to meet sb．／in honor of sb 为纪念…诞辰 to commemorate the… birthday of sb．／In honour of．．／ 为庆祝…金婚 to celebrate the gold wedding of… 某人届时将出席 sb．will be present 请答复 R．S．V．P．[reply, if you please] ／Please reply／ Kindly send reply to sb．／Please respond to sb．／ The favor of a reply is requested ／ 活动内容： 朋友周末小聚 have some friends for the weekend 一起喝茶 come for tea with us 打桥牌 play bridge 跳舞 have dancing /there will be dancing 有两张……票 have two tickets for… 各类聚会：a small，informal party／a birthday party for sb．／a garden party／masquerade／holiday party 与某人共进晚餐 join sb．for dinner／ have dinner with sb．／dine with sb
全国英语等级考试PETS考试流程 （一）关于考试指导语和题目用语 为了让考生发挥应有的水平，在PETS一、二级的笔试中听力、英语知识运用、阅读理解和写作的指导语都是中文的。此外，为避免考生直接挪用试题中的语言，写作和口试试题也有可能是中文的，但口试中口试教师的口头说明仍使用英文。在PETS三、四、五级的考试中，笔、口试的指导语都将使用英文。在三、四级写作题中所提供的引导性材料可能会涉及到少量的中文。 （二）关于答题卡和登分卡的使用 PETS各级别的考试都有其特别设计的答题卡和登分卡。笔试中，使用的是用于光电阅读器（OMR）评分的客观题答题卡和用于人工阅卷的主观题答题（阅读器登分）卡。四、五级的客观题答题卡在机器阅读前，有部分题目也需要人工评阅。 口试使用的是口试成绩登分卡。口试开始前考生在卡上填好自己的考号等有关信息，口试结束时口试教师在卡上填上考生的口试成绩。 *包括翻译题（阅读理解部分B节）的作答和评分。 （三）关于答题时间PETS各级别的答题时间分配如下表所示：
单位：分钟一级二级三级四级五级 听力20 20 25 30 35 英语知识运用20 25 15 15 20 阅读理解30 35 40 60 50 写作20 40 40 35 35 笔试（共）90 120 120 140 140 口试（共）8 10 10 12 15 （四）关于笔试试卷的采分点（原始赋分） PETS每一级别各部分的采分点（原始赋分）如下表所示。除特殊情况外，原则上每题一分，括号内的数字表示各部分的题量。 一级二级三级四级 五级 听力25（25）20（20）25(25) 25（20）30（30） 英语知识运用25（25）35（35）20(20) 20（20）20（20） 阅读理解20（20）20（20）35*(20) 35**(25) 35***（30） 写作13(3+1) 35(10+1) 30(1+1) 20（1）25（1） 笔试（合计）83 110 110 100 110
2020 年全国公共英语等级考试PETS 三级模拟试题Text Most young people enjoy physical activities, walking, cycling, football, or mountaineering. These who have a passion 26 climbing high and difficult mountains are often 27 with astonishment. Why are men and women 28 to suffer cold and hardship, and to 29 on high mountains? This astonishment is caused, probably, by the difference between mountaineering and other forms of activities 30 which men give their leisure. There are no man-made rules, as there are for 31 as golf and football. There are, of course, rules of different kinds which it would be dangerous to 32 , but it is this freedom from man-made rules 33 makes mountaineering attractive to many people. Those who climb mountains are free to their own 34 . If we 35 mountaineering with other more familiar sports, we might think that one big difference is 36 mountaineering is not a “team work ” . However, it is only our misunderstanding. There are, in fact, no ：matches” 37 “teams” of climbers, but when climbers are on a rock face linked by a rope on which their lives may 38 , obviously, there is teamwork. A mountain climber knows that he may have to fight with natural 39 that ate stronger and more powerful than man. His sport requires high mental and 40 qualities.
全国英语等级考试（PEST）三级笔试模拟试题及详解（二） SECTION I Listening（略） SECTION II Reading Part A Directions: Read the following two texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET. Text 1 Foxes and farmers have never got on well. These small dog-like animals have long been accused of killing farm animals. They are officially classified as harmful and farmers try to keep their numbers down by shooting or poisoning them. Farmers can also call on the services of their local hunt to control the fox population. Hunting consists of pursuing a fox across the countryside, with a group of specially trained dogs, followed by men and women riding horses. When the dogs eventually catch the fox they kill it or a hunter shoots it. People who take part in hunting think of it as a sport, they wear a special uniform of red coats and white trousers, and follow strict codes of behavior. But owning a horse and hunting regularly is expensive, so most hunters are wealthy.
2006全国英语等级考试四级口试真题 1〉为什么你喜欢你的工作！ 2〉网上购物购物的优点和缺点 2〉两个邻居住了十几年互相都不认识看图说明这个问题～！4〉2个人，一排开着的水龙头，然后一个想去关的，一个说“要电视台来暴光一下” 5〉你最饭？ 6〉固体垃圾中30％是包装盒谈论你的看法 7〉电影票从2毛到80元一张看图说话 选择话题，谈谈你的看法。 09年PETS四级考试冲刺训练（1） I __1_ by myself in my usual compartment for at least 10 minutes,waiting __2_.The train never seemed to start on time and I often thought that I could have __3_ in bed a little longer,or had another cup of tea before _4__. Suddenly I heard someone __5_ on the platform outside.A young girl _6__ towards the train.The man on duty put out his hand __7_ but she ran past him and opened the door of my compartment.Then the whistle blew and the
train started. "I nearly missed it,__8_?"the girl said."How long does it take to _9__ London?" "It depends ."I said ,"Some day it's much slower than others." "I'll have to __10_ so as not to be late again tomorrow,"she said."_11__ my first day at work with a new firm today and they told me that the man _12__ is very strict.I __13_ him yet so I don't know __14_ but he sounds a bit frightening." She talked about the new job on the way to London and before long,I realized that she _15__ for my firm.I _16__ in the firm for nearly 20 years.Our boss was really a very strict man.My own secretary _17__ so I must be her new boss._18__ fair to her. "Oh,dear,"she said."What a terrible mistake!I wish I _19__." "Never mind,"I said."at least you'll know when you train's late_20__."
1 1 a (an ) art. (非特指的)一(个)；任何一个；每一(个) AD . n.公元 A .M . adv.上午，午前 abandon v.放弃；抛弃，离弃 abdomen n.腹；腹部 abide v.(by)坚持；遵守；容忍 ability n.能力，智能；才能，才干；技能 able adj.能够，有能力的 abolish v.废除，取消 about prep.关于；在…周围；在…各处 adv.大约 above prep.在…上方；(数量，价格等)大于… abroad adv.出国，在国外 abrupt adj.突然的，意外的；陡峭的，险峻的；(举止，言谈等) 不流畅的 absence n.缺席，不在场；缺乏 absent adj.(from) 缺席的，不在场的；漫不经心的 absolute adj.绝对的；完全的；专制的 absorb v.吸收；吸引，使专心 abstract adj.抽象的；深奥的 n.摘要；抽象 v.摘要；转移 absurd adj.愚蠢的；荒唐的 abundant adj.丰富的；充足的 abuse v.& n.滥用；谩骂 academic adj.学院的；学术的，教学的 accelerate v.加速；促进 accent n.腔调，口音；重音(符号) accept v.认可，接受 access n.接近，进入；入口，通路；接近(或进入) 的方法 accident n.事故 accidental adj.偶然的，意外的 accommodate v.留宿，收容；供应，供给；容纳 accommodations n.住宿 accompany v.陪伴，陪同 accomplish v.完成，实现 according to prep.根据 account n.账户 accumulate v.积累，积蓄；堆积 accurate adj.精确的，准确的 accuse v.(of) 控告，谴责 accustom v.(to) 使习惯 ache v.痛；哀怜 n.疼痛，酸痛 achieve v.完成，达到；获得 acid n.酸 adj.酸的；酸性的 acquaint v.使认识，使了解 acquaintance n.熟人；相识；熟悉 acquire v.取得，获得；学到 acre n.英亩 acrobat n.杂技演员 across prep.穿过；在另一边，在对面 adv.横越 act v.行动；做 action n.行动，行为；动作，活动；(on) 作用 active adj. 活动的，活泼的，活跃的；主动的，积极的；敏捷的；剧烈的 activity n.活动 actor n.男演员 actress n.女演员 actual adj.实际的，事实上的；真实的 ad (=advertisement )n.广告 adapt v.(to)(使) 适合；改编，改写 add v.加 addition n.加，加法；附加物 additional adj.附加的，另外的 address n.地址 adequate adj.足够的，充分的；符合要求的 adhere v.(to) 粘附；坚持，遵循 adjective n.形容词 adj.形容词的 adjust v.调节，校正；(to)(使)适应 administration n.管理，经营；行政(机关，部门);政府 admire v.羡慕，赞赏，钦佩 admit v.承认 adopt v.采用，采纳；收养 adult n.成(年)人；成体 adj.成年人的；已成熟的 advance v.前进；取得进展 advanced adj.高级的，先进的 advantage n.优点，优势 adventure v.大胆进行，拿…冒风险 n.冒险活动，冒险；奇遇 advertise v.做广告 advice n.忠告；建议 advise v.劝告，建议 adviser n.(政府，公司等的) 顾问 affair n.事，事情，事件 affect v.影响，传染；感动 affection n.爱，慈爱 affirm v.断言；(法庭上) 陈述 affirmative adj.肯定的 n.(指言语) 表示同意的词语 afford v.买得起，担负得起 afraid adj.恐怕的；担心的；害怕的 Africa n.非洲 African adj.非洲的 n.非洲人 after prep.在…以后 conj.在…以后 adv.以后 afternoon n.下午 afterward adv.(-s )后来，以后 again adv.又，再 against prep.反对；与之成对手，对着；防止；碰 age n.年龄 agency n.经办；媒介；代理处 agent n.代理人，代表 ago adv.以前 agony n.苦恼；极大痛苦 agree v.同意 agreement n.协议，协定；一致，同意 agricultural adj. 农业的 agriculture n.农业，农学 ahead adv.在前；向前 aid v./n.辅助，援助，救助 aim v.把…瞄准，把…对准 air n.空气；天空 aircraft n.飞机，航空器 airline n.航线；航空公司 airmail n.空邮 airplane n.飞机 airport n.机场 alarm n.警报；惊恐 v.使惊恐，惊动，惊吓；向…报警 alcohol n.酒精，乙醇 alert adj.警惕的；机灵的 n.警报；警戒状态；警戒期间 v.使警觉 alike adj.相同的；相像的 adv.相同地，一样地 alive adj.活着的；存在的；有活力的，活跃的
公共英语等级考试三级(PETS3)学习笔记（一） Unit 1 Greeting and introuduction Dialogues /monologues: 1、You can tell they lived during the Depression. 这里的"tell"是断定的意思，咳……常常把它的意思与(告知、告诉)联系在一起，脑子便转不过弯来。 此句意思应该是：你可以断定他们生活在那时的大萧条期。 2、He really knows how to bring a person out. "bring a person out."是“鼓励一个人的”的意思。 整句话的意思是：他非常善于鼓励别人/使别人振作起来。 PS：to bring sb. out 意思为：to make someone feel more confident, happy, and friendly /使某人更加自信、开朗 3、he looks like his fun to be with. 整句话的意思是：他看起来是个很有意思的人。或，和他在一起应该会很有意思。 句子解析 4、since we're going to recruit some staff so that we can get our new school going in time。 这里的since, 和so that 是基于...原因的意思.根据意思我将其译成: 届时...将...以便... 整句话的意思是：届时我们将聘请一些工作人员以便使我们的新
学校及时开学. 5、Would you address character description for the commercial and industrial arts staff? arts staff 怎么翻译? ==>你能够给商业与工艺美术的职员讲讲特征描述吗? arts跟前面的commercial and indutrial连在一起看，而非与后面的staff: (the commercial and industrial arts) staff. 6、There are a number of other positions to consider. "A number of" 换成"a lot of" 或者是”a great many”行不行，为什么? ==>可以换成a lot of或a great many of,因为position是可数名词。如果这里是不可数名词，则只能用 a number of代替而不能用a great many. 修饰可数/不可数都行：a number of/a lot of, 只能修饰可数：a great many of(与many性质一样) 7、Would you mind letting me take a look in your briefcase? 将"letting me"换成"let me" 行不行，为什么? ==>不行，mind是动词，后面不能直接跟动词原形，一般接名词(或动名词),这里的letting是let的 动名词形式。 8、I’m afraid I certainly do mind, if it’s all the same to you.