英语语法名词练习题
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英语语法---名词
（一）可数名词和不可数名词
1．什么是不可数名词
1）物质名词 glass, tea 2）抽象名词 beauty, youth 3) 科学名称 physics, maths 练习：找出不可数名词
boot tear knowledge money wood chicken music
homework bread blood dress news milk dustman
2．不可数名词变成可数名词
1）词义发生改变
time—times work---works wood—woods
sand—sands cloth—clothes glass—glasses
2) 加量词 a glass of water , two pieces of paper
练习；填入恰当的量词
a ________________ of good news (条) a ________________ of trousers (条)
a ________________ of advice ( 条) a ________________ of coffee (杯 )
a ________________ of oil (滴) a ________________ of time (段)
a ________________ of matches (盒) a ________________ of glasses (副)
a ________________ of chocolate (条) a ________________ of ink (瓶)
a ________________ of tea (壶) two ______________ of fish (盘)
three ______________ of rice (袋) four ______________ of furniture (件)
five _______________ of sugar (磅) six ________________ of clothes (套) 3．可数名词的复数构成
A.规则变化
练习：写出下列名词的复数形式。
1）shoe 2) orange 3) eye 4) month 5) fox 6) match 7) city 8) class
9) family 10) country 11) boy 12) key 13) leaf 14) thief 15)hero 16)photo
B.不规则变化
1.单复同形 deer sheep fish Chinese Japanese means
2.只有复数形式 people police cattle clothes trousers, glasses
3.不规则变化
man---- men woman---- women foot ----- feet tooth-----teeth
mouse ------mice child-----children German------Germans
4.复合名词的复数
1)将后一部分变成复数 Englishman---Englishmen gentleman---gentlemen
policewoman----policewomen grown-up----grown-ups
2)将主要成分变成复数 looker-on----lookers-on son-in-law----sons-in-law
3)如果前一词是man, woman，将两部分都变成复数 men doctors women singers 练习：roof________ woman driver________________ step-mother_______________ sheep _____________ Japanese __________________ sister-in-
law__________________
（二）名词所有格（表示所属、类别、动作的执行者或承受者）
1.表示有生命的东西的名词，所有格在名词后加’s
the teacher’s praise the cat’s food James’ dog the dogs’ food
2.表示无生命的东西的名词，用of+名词的结构来表示
the leg of the desk the cover of the magazine
3.在时间，距离，度量，价值等名词后，可用名词所有格。
two month s’ time today’s newspaper fifty pound s’ weight
4.表示店铺或某人的家时，常在所有格后省去shop, home.
the doctor’s the tailor’s my uncle’s the barber’s
5.名词前有冠词，数词，不定代词或指示代词时，用of词组+所有格表示
a friend of John’s that bike of Tom’s
6. 某样东西为两人或多人共有，在后一个名词尾+’s .
Jane and Fred’s mother Jane’s and Fred’s mother
Tom and Tim’s car Tom’s and Tim’s car
（三）名词的用法
名词在句中作主语，宾语，表语，定语等。
1、The story is very interesting. ( )
2、I am drawing a picture. ( )
3、My brother is a doctor. ( )
4、Your pencil box is so nice. ( ) （四）主谓一致
1.主语是复数，谓语用复数，主语是单数，谓语用单数。
He is a student. We are students.
2.and 连接两个名词，看有无the.
The professor and writer is going to give us a lecture of writing.
The professor and the writer are going to our school.
3. A number of…和The number of…后的谓语。
The number of people was fifty, but a number of them were absent for different reasons. 4.主语+ with/as well as/ but/except/besides/including …+主语，谓语动词的单复数与第一个
主语一致。
A library with five thousand books is offered to the nation as a gift.
All the teachers as well as the students (be)invited to the party.
5．以 either …or , neither …nor , not only … but also ，not…but…等连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数应按照就近原则。
Either you or he ______(be) to go . Not only he but also I ______(be) wrong .
Neither the children nor the teacher _______ (know) anything about it.
6. There be 句型就近原则。
There ____ a pair of glasses on the desk. There ____ two patients and a nurse in the hospital.
7. 有些名词复数形式作为一个整体，(如度量，距离，金额，时间，书名等）其谓语动词用单数。
Two weeks ___(be ) not enough to finish the work . 1000 dollars ___ (be ) a large amount of money.
8.某些集体名词，如family ,team 等做主语时，若当一个整体看，谓语动词就用单数，若就其中一个一个成员来看，谓语动词就用复数，class , club, audience ,committee , crowd , government , party, public , team 等。其中population 的用法也类似
His family _____(be) a happy family. The whole family _____(be) having lunch.
The population of China ____(be)very large. All the world ________(be) waiting for the good news.
9. 成双成对构成的东西，如glasses, shoes, chopsticks, scissors等作主语，谓语动词用复数形式，但与a pair一起构成作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
10．each , every+名词，谓语用单数。Each boy and girl ________(want) to serve the people in the future.
11. …几分之几/…百分之几+of +名词单数/ 复数+ 谓语单数/ 复数
Three-fifths of money _____ (have) been used up. Two thirds of the students ______ (be) girl students.
12. …one of +复数名词 +谓语复数…the only/the very one of + 复数名词 +谓语单数
He is one of the boys that have passed the maths test.
She is the only one of the girls who has finished reading in time.
基础练习
1. In his speech, he gave us _____ on how to learn a foreign language.
A. some advice
B. some advices
C. several advices
D. an advice
2. Thank you very much for giving us _____ on this matter.
A. these informations
B. so many informations
C. an information
D. so much information
3. ---Where did you have your supper? --- ________.
A. With my sister
B. At my sister
C. At my sister home
D. At my sister’s
4. She is from __________. She is ______________.
A. Germany; a Germany
B. German; a Germany
C. the Germany; German
D. Germany; a German
5. He bought a ________ of trousers. They were expensive.
A. piece
B. set
C. pair
D. pile
6. The town is about _________ ride from here. You ought to start right away.
A. two hour
B. two hour’s
C. two hours’
D. two-hours 7. A _______ of money has been spent on the building.
A. great deal
B. good many
C. plenty
D. great number
8. ______ been made in science since then.
A. A great progress has
B. Great progresses have
C. Great progress has
D. Many progresses have
9. We must help ________.
A. a blind
B. the blind
C. people
D. the people blind
10. The great writer and solider _______.
A. is an old man
B. are both old men
C. is an old man and a young man
D. were two Chinese
11. At present, Zhang’s family __________ rather big, with twelve people in all.
A. is
B. are
C. being
D. was
12. This is not my dictionary. It is ________.
A. Mary
B. Mary’s
C. of Mary
D. the book of Mary
13. There are twenty ______and forty nurses in the hospital.
A. women doctors
B. woman doctors
C. women doctor
D. woman doctor
14. ________ came to our school yesterday.
A. The Williams
B. The William’s
C. Williams
D. The William
15. Twenty miles ________ a long way to walk.
A. are
B. is
C. has been
D. be
提高练习
1. The whole class ___ greatly moved at his words.
A. is
B. had
C. were
D. was
2. The glasses ______ mine. That pair of glasses _____ my brother’s.
A. are; is
B. are; are
C. is; are
D. is; is
3. Many a student ______ something about Abraham Lincoln.
A. have known
B. knows
C. is known
D. are known
4. Half of the visitors _____ from Europe. Half of the fruit _____ bad.
A. is; are
B. is; is
C. are; is
D. are; are
5. Each of the footballers ___ over 150 pounds.
A. weigh
B. weighs
C. weights
D. were weighing
6. The singer and pianist _____ asked to make a speech at the meeting yesterday.
A. is
B. was
C. are
D. were
7. Stories of the Long March _______ popular with the young people now.
A. is
B. was
C. are
D. were
8. There __ a lot of rubbish on the floor so I asked Mary to sweep __ up.
A. were; it
B. are; them
C. was; it
D. is; them
9. Mayor as well as volunteer workers _______ the newly-built stadium.
A. is cleaning
B. are cleaning
C. were cleaning
D. have cleaned
10. Not only my brother but also I _____ good at painting. Both of us _____good painters.
A. are...are
B. am...are
C. is...is
D. are...is
11. Either you or the president _______ the prizes to these gifted winners at the meeting.
A. is handing out
B. are to hand out
C. are handing out
D. is to hand out
12. More than 60 percent of world's radio programs _______ in English.
A. is
B. was
C. are
D. be
13. The wounded ___ good care of here now.
A. is taking
B. are taking
C. are being taken
D. is taken
14.One sixth of our classmates ____ from peasant families. One fifth of her time ____ devoted to writing.
A.? comes; is
B.?come; are
C.? come; is
D.? comes; are
15. The Olympic Games in the year 2008 _____ in Beijing of China, which _____ known to us all.
A. is to hold; is
B. is to be held; was
C. are to hold; is
D. are to be held; is
16. A woman with two children ____ coming up to us. Mary, along with her parents, ___ moved to Paris.
A. is; has
B. is; have
C. are; have
D. are; has
17. Nothing but several glasses ________ bought by my father the day before yesterday.
A. was
B. were
C. have been
D. would be
18. Many people say 10,000 _______ a lot of money.
A. dollar is
B. dollars are
C. dollars is
D. dollar are
19. The number of the people who ___ cars ___ increasing.
A. own….are
B. own…is
C. owns…is
D. owns…are
20. He is one of the boys who _____ never late for school. He is the only one of the boys who
_____ never late for school.
A. is; are
B. are; are
C. are; is
D. is; is
一、基础练习
1、There are only twelve ______in the hospital.．
A. woman doctors
B.women doctors
C.women doctor
D.woman doctor
2、Mr Smith has two _______, both of whom are teachers in a school.．
A.brothers-in-law
B.brother-in-laws
C.brothers-in-laws
D.brothers-in law
3、——How many ______ does a cow have——Four.
A.stomaches
B.stomach
C.stomachs
D.stomachies
4、Some______visited our school last Wednesday.．
A.German
B.Germen
C.Germans
D.Germens
5、The_______ of the building are covered with lots of .
A.roofs; leaves
B.rooves; leafs
C.roof; leaf
D.roofs; leafs
6、When the farmer returned home he found three_______ missing.．
A.sheeps
B.sheepes
C.sheep
D.sheepies
7、That was a fifty_______ engine.．
A.horse power
B.horses power
C.horse powers
D.horses powers
8、My father often gives me ______
A.many advice
B.much advice
C.a lot of advices
D.a few advice
9、Mary broke a ______while she was washing up.
A.tea cup
B.a cup of tea
C.tea’s cup
D.cup teas
10、Can you give us some ______ about the writer?．
https://www.doczj.com/doc/2b12160605.html,rmations
https://www.doczj.com/doc/2b12160605.html,rmation
C.piece of informations
D.pieces information
11、I had a cup of _____and two pieces of_____ this morning.
A.teas; bread
B.teas; breads
C.tea; breads
D.tea; bread
12、As is known to us all, ______ travels much faster than ______.
A.lights; sounds
B.light; sound
C.sound; light
D.sounds; lights
13、She told him of all her ___ and ____
A.hope; fear
B.hopes; fear
C.hopes; fears
D.hope; fears
14、The rising _____have(has) a lot of ____to the crops.
A.water; harm
B.water; harms
C.waters; harm
D.waters; harms
15、How far away is it from here to your school?”----About ______ .
A.half an hour”s driv e
B.half hours drives
C.half an hour drives
D.half an hour drive
16、The shirt isn”t mine. It”s _____ .
A.Mrs Smith
B.Mrs” Smith
C.Mrs Smiths’
D.Mrs Smith”s
17、Miss Johnson is a friend of _______.
A.Mary’s mother
B.Mary’s mothers’
C.Mary mother’s
D.Mary’s mother’s
18、Last week I called at my _____Last week I called at my _____.
A.aunt
B.aunts
C.aunt’s
D.auntes’
19、The beach is a ______throw.
A.stone
B.stones
C.stones’
D.stone’s
20、I can hardly imagine ____sailing across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.
A.Peters’
B.Peter
C.Peters
D.Peter’s
二、提高练习
1. It won”t make much ________ whether you agree or not.
A. difficulty
B. trouble
C. difference
D. matter
2. No one has yet succeeded in explaining the ________ of how life began.
A. cause
B. problem
C. reason
D. puzzle
3. You must get there within an hour. There should be no ___ in sending this information to him.
A. question
B. problem
C. quarre
D. delay
4. I can”t give you the card without Smith”s ________.
A. agreement
B. allowing
C. permission
D. perfomance
5. What impressed me most was that they never lost ________.
A. hearts
B. heart
C. their heart
D. their hearts
6. Though I spoke to him many times, he never took any ________ of what I said.
A. remark
B. observation
C. attention
D. notice
7. I went to buy a ________ of China Daily.
A. piece
B. sheet
C. lot
D. copy
8. Shelly had prepared carefully for her English examination so that she could be sure of passing it on her first ________.
A. intention
B. purpose
C. attempt
D. Desire
9. There are usually at least two ________ of looking at every question.
A. means
B. directions
C. views
D. Ways
10. We have worked out the plan and now we must put it into ________.
A. fact
B. reality
C. practice
D. deed
11. She is young for the job, but on the other ________, she is well trained.
A. way
B. situation
C. chance
D. hand
12. The most important________ of his speech was that we should all work whole-heartedly for the people.
A. point
B. sense
C. spot
D. view
13. --- I”d like ________ informa tion about the management of your hotel, please.
--- Well, you could have ________ word with the manager. He might be helpful.
A. some; a
B. an; some
C. some; some
D. an; a
14. He told me he had been offered a very well-paid ________.
A. business
B. service
C. work
D. position
15. Each player must obey ________, who is the leader of the team.
A. captain
B. a captain
C. the captain
D. captains
16. It was ________ that he had to ask for help.
A. such big a work
B. a so big job
C. a so big work
D. such a big job
17. He dropped the ________ and broke it.
A. cup of coffee
B. coffee”s cup
C. cup for coffee
D. coffee cup
18. What ________! Where did you get them?
A. big fish
B. a big fish
C. a piece of big fish
D. big a fish 19. He left _______ with my secretary that he would call again in the afternoon. He said he would keep
_______.
A. words; his words
B. word; his word
C. word; word
D. the word; his words
20. The new law will come into ________ on the day it is passed.
A. effect
B. use
C. service
D. existence
参考答案：
一、
1、B、A
3、Cstoma（胃）虽是“ch”结尾，但其发音为[k]，所以加“s”，不用加“es”。
4、C、A A roof, chief, gu, belief等词的复数形式，直接加“s”。
6、C、A A名词作定语一般不用复数。8、B
9、A根据句意，打破的应是杯子，而不是茶；名词作定语表类别不用加““s”。
10、B、D、B、C、C、A
16、D根据上句，此处应是史密斯太太的衬衫。
17、D、C、D D a sto”s throw是固定短语，意为“近在咫尺”。
20、B此句中Peter作动名词sailing的所有格，本应用Peter”s，但因其在动词后作宾语，所以可用宾
格，因此B为正确答案。
二、1~20: CADCB DDCDC DAADC DDABA
21~40: BBCDA BBBAD ACDCB DAB
4.复合名词的复数英语语法---名词gentleman---gentlemen 1)将后一部分变成复数Englishman---Englishmen grown-up----grown-ups 可数名词和不可数名词policewoman----policewomen （一）son-in-law----sons-in-law 1．什么是不可数名词？2)将主要成分变成复数 looker-on----lookers-on women singers man, woman，将两部分都变成复数men doctors beauty, youth 3) 科学名称physics, maths 3)如果前一词是1）物质名词glass, tea 2）抽象名词 step-mother_______________ woman driver________________ 练习：找出不可数名词练习：roof________ sister-in-law__________________ chicken music sheep _____________ Japanese __________________ money wood boot tear knowledge （表示所属、类别、动作的执行者或承受者）名词所有格dustman （二）dress news milk homework bread blood s '表示有生命的东西的名词，所有格在名词后加2．不可数名词变成可数名词1. food ' the dogs James' dog the teacher's praise the cat's food 1）词义发生改变表示无生命的东西的名词，用of+名词的结构来表示 2. work---works wood—woods time—times the leg of the desk glass—glasses the cover of the magazine sand—sands cloth—clothes 3.在时间，距离，度量，价值等名词后，可用名词所有格。 a glass of water , two pieces of paper 2) 加量词 two months' time today's newspaper 练习；填入恰当的量词fifty pounds' weight 4.) 表示店铺或某人的家时，常在所有格后省去shop, home. a ________________ of good news (条) a ________________ of trousers (条the doctor's the tailor's a ________________ of advice ( 条) a ________________ of coffee (杯) my uncle's the barber's 5.名词前有冠词，数词，不定代词或指示代词时，用of词组a ________________ of time (段) +所有格表示 a ________________ of oil (滴) a friend of John' a ________________ of matches (盒) a ________________ of glasses (副) s that bike of Tom's 6. 瓶) a ________________ of ink () 某样东西为两人或多人共有，在后一个名词尾+'s . 条 a ________________ of chocolate (Jane and Fred's mother 盘a ________________ of tea (壶) two ______________ of fish () Jane's and Fred's mother Tom and Tim's car Tom ) three ______________ of rice (袋four ______________ of furniture (件) 's and Tim's car （三）名词的用法磅) six ________________ of clothes (套) five _______________ of sugar (名词在句中作主语，宾语，表语，定语等。．可数名词的复数构成 3 1、The story is very interesting. ( ) 2、I am drawing a picture. ( A.规则变化)
英语语法专业术语 语法grammar 句法syntax 词法morphology 结构structure 层次rank 句子sentence 从句clause 词组phrase 词类part of speech 单词word 实词notional word 虚词structural word 名词noun 专有名词proper noun 普通名词common noun 可数名词countable noun 不可数名词uncountable no 抽象名词abstract noun 具体名词concrete noun 物质名词material noun 集体名词collective noun 个体名词individual noun 介词preposition 连词conjunction 动词verb 主动词main verb 及物动词transitive verb 不及物动词intransitive verb 系动词link verb 助动词auxiliary verb 情态动词modal verb 规则动词regular verb 不规则动词irregular verb 短语动词phrasal verb 限定动词finite verb 非限定动词infinite verb 使役动词causative verb 感官动词verb of senses
动态动词event verb 静态动词state verb 感叹词exclamation 形容词adjective 副词adverb 方式副词adverb of manner 程度副词adverb of degree 时间副词adverb of time 地点副词adverb of place 修饰性副词adjunct 连接性副词conjunct 疑问副词interrogative adverb 关系副词relative adverb 代词pronoun 人称代词personal pronoun 物主代词possessive pronoun 反身代词reflexive pronoun 相互代词reciprocal pronoun 指示代词demonstrative pronoun 疑问代词interrogative pronoun 关系代词relative pronoun 不定代词indefinite 物主代词possessive pronoun 名词性物主代词nominal possessive 形容词性物主代词adjectival possessive pronoun 冠词article 定冠词definite article 不定冠词indefinite article 数词numeral 基数词cardinal numeral 序数词ordinal numeral 分数词fractional numeral 形式form 单数形式singular form 复数形式plural form 限定动词finite verb form 非限定动词non-finite verb form
《英语语法大全》 1.名词 名词可以分为专有名词（Proper Nouns）和普通名词(Common Nouns）. 专有名词是某个（些）人，地方，机构等专有的名称，如Beijing，China等。 普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词，如：book，sadness等，普通名词又可分为下面四类： 1）个体名词（Individual Nouns）：表示某类人或东西中的个体，如：gun。 2）集体名词（Collective Nouns）：表示若干个个体组成的集合体，如：family。 3）物质名词（Material Nouns）：表示无法分为个体的实物，如：air。 4）抽象名词（Abstract Nouns）：表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念，如：work。 个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词（Countable Nouns） 物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算，称为不可数名词（Uncountable Nouns）。 归纳一下，名词的分类可以下图表示：
1.2其它名词复数的规则变化 1)以y结尾的专有名词，或元音字母+y结尾的名词变复数时，直接加s变复数： 如：two Marys the Henrys monkey---monkeys holiday---holidays 比较：层楼：storey---storeys story---stories 2)以o结尾的名词，变复数时： a.加s，如：photo---photos piano---pianos radio---radios zoo---zoos； b.加es，如：potato--potatoes tomato--tomatoes c.均可，如：zero---zeros/zeroes 3)以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时： a.加s，如：belief---beliefs roof---roofs safe---safes gulf---gulfs； b.去f,fe加ves，如：half---halves knife---knives leaf---leaves wolf---wolves wife---wives life---lives thief---thieves； c.均可,如：handkerchief:
名词所有格说明所属问题，表示某物归谁所有，共三种形式： ①-’s所有格 ②of 所有格 ③双重所有格（-’s + of 所有格共同存在） -’s所有格 -’s所有格的构成 ①一般单数名词和不以s 结尾的复数名词，以及复合词，在词尾+ ’s Eg: Amy’s book a women’s hospital 一家妇科医院 his father-in-law’s birthday ②以s结尾的复数名词，在词尾直接+ ’ Eg: my friend’s balls teacher s’ office ③以s结尾的单数名词或专有名词，可+’s 或’ Eg: the boss’s/ boss’ coffee charles’s/charles’ choice -’s所有格的用法 ①表示有生命的人或动物、时间、节日等名词的所有关系 Eg: my father’s tea live a dog’s life two day s’ absence April Fool’s day ②名词有同位语时，所有格用于同位语上 Eg: This is his friend, Tom’s storybook. ③由and连接的两个或多个名词，表示共同拥有，最后一词用所有格；表示各自拥有时，每个名词都用所有格。 Eg: Tom and Jerry’s house 汤姆和杰瑞的房子 Tom’s and Jerry’s houses 汤姆和杰瑞各自的房子
of 所有格的构成及用法 of + 名词，表示无生命事物的名词或有较多修饰语的名词的所有关系。 Eg：the top of the mountain the advice of the old experienced man 注意-’s所有格和of 所有格有时都可以使用 Eg: China’s economy = the economy of China today’s weather = the weather of today his father’s death = the death of his father (表示某人的遭遇时，更常用of的所有格) 双重所有格 双重所有格的构成 of + 名词的-’s所有格/名词性物主代词。 双重所有格的用法： ①表示特定人的不特定的所有关系。 Eg: a novel of Dicken’s 狄更斯(特定人)的一本小说（不特定关系） a book of mine 我(特定人)的一本书（不特定关系） ②表达特殊的情感 有时双重所有格与指示代词连用时，常带有赞许，厌恶，不满的感情的色彩。 Eg：That old watch of my father’s gains a lot every day. 我父亲的那块旧表每天都会快很多。 注意： A friend of my father 我父亲的朋友（强调朋友关系） A friend of my father’s 我父亲的一个朋友（强调许多朋友中的一个） A photo of my brother 我哥（本人）的一张照片 A photo of my brother’s 我哥（拥有）的一张照片
一、基础练习 1、There are only twelve ______in the hospital.． A. woman doctors B.women doctors C.women doctor D.woman doctor 2、Mr Smith has two _______, both of whom are teachers in a school.． A.brothers-in-law B.brother-in-laws C.brothers-in-laws D.brothers-in law 3、——How many ______ does a cow have——Four. A.stomaches B.stomach C.stomachs D.stomachies 4、Some______visited our school last Wednesday.． A.German B.Germen C.Germans D.Germens 5、The_______ of the building are covered with lots of . A.roofs; leaves B.rooves; leafs C.roof; leaf D.roofs; leafs 6、When the farmer returned home he found three_______ missing.． A.sheeps B.sheepes C.sheep D.sheepies 7、That was a fifty_______ engine.． A.horse power B.horses power C.horse powers D.horses powers 8、My father often gives me ______ A.many advice B.much advice C.a lot of advices D.a few advice 9、Mary broke a ______while she was washing up. A.tea cup B.a cup of tea C.tea’s cup D.cup teas 10、Can you give us some ______ about the writer?． https://www.doczj.com/doc/2b12160605.html,rmations https://www.doczj.com/doc/2b12160605.html,rmation C.piece of informations D.pieces information 11、I had a cup of _____and two pieces of_____ this morning. A.teas; bread B.teas; breads C.tea; breads D.tea; bread 12、As is known to us all, ______ travels much faster than ______. A.lights; sounds B.light; sound C.sound; light D.sounds; lights 13、She told him of all her ___ and ____ A.hope; fear B.hopes; fear C.hopes; fears D.hope; fears 14、The rising _____have(has) a lot of ____to the crops. A.water; harm B.water; harms C.waters; harm D.waters; harms 15、How far away is it from here to your school?”----About ______ . A.half an hour”s driv e B.half hours drives C.half an hour drives D.half an hour drive 16、The shirt isn”t mine. It”s _____ . A.Mrs Smith B.Mrs” Smith C.Mrs Smiths’ D.Mrs Smith”s 17、Miss Johnson is a friend of _______. A.Mary’s mother B.Mary’s mothers’ C.Mary mother’s D.Mary’s mother’s 18、Last week I called at my _____Last week I called at my _____. A.aunt B.aunts C.aunt’s D.auntes’ 19、The beach is a ______throw. A.stone B.stones C.stones’ D.stone’s 20、I can hardly imagine ____sailing across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.
一、引出开头 1：It is well-known to us that……（我们都知道……）==As far as my knowledge is concerned, …（就我所知…） 2：Recently the problem of…… has been brought into focus. ==Nowadays there is a growing concern over ……（最近……问题引起了关注） 3：Nowadays（overpopulation）has become a problem we have to face.（现今，人口过剩已成为我们不得不面对的问题） 4：Internet has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.（互联网已在我们的生活扮演着越来越重要的角色，它给我们带来了许多好处但也产生了一些严重的问题）5：With the rapid development of science and technology，more and more people believe that……（随着科技的迅速发展，越来越多的人认为……） 6：It is a common belief that……==It is commonly believed that……（人们一般认为……）7：A lot of people seem to think that……（很多人似乎认为……） 8:It is universally acknowledged that + 句子（全世界都知道...） 二、表达不同观点 1：People's views on……vary from person to person. Some hold that……However, others believe that……（人们对……的观点因人而异，有些人认为……然而其他人却认为……）2：People may have different opinions on……（人们对……可能会持有不同见解） 3：Attitudes towards （drugs）vary from person to person.==Different people hold different attitudes towards（failure）（人们对待吸毒的态度因人而异） 4:There are different opinions among people as to……（对于……人们的观点大不相同） 三、表示结尾 1：In short, it can be said that……（总之，他的意思是……） 2：From what has been mentioned above, w e can come to the conclusion that……（从上面提到的，我们可以得出结论……） 3：Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally/reasonably come to the conclusion that……（把所有的这些因素加以考虑，我们自然可以得出结论……） 4：Hence/Therefore, we'd better come to the conclusion that……（因此，我们最好的出这样的结论……） 5:There is no doubt that (job-hopping)has its drawbacks as well as merits.（毫无疑问，跳槽有优点也有缺点） 6：All in all, we cannot live without……,but at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise.（总之，我们没有……无法生活，但同时我们必须寻求新的解决办法来面对可能出现的新问题） 四、提出建议 1：It is high time that we put an end to the (trend).（该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了）2：There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of……（毫无疑问，对……问题应予以足够重视） 3：Obviously ,if we want to do something … it is essential that……（显然，如果我们想要做么事，很重要的是……） 4：Only in this way can we ……（只有这样，我们才能……） 5：Spare no effort to+V（不遗余力的） 五、预示后果
英语语法名词归纳总结 一、单项选择名词 1．_________is Virginia Woolf’s most autobiographical novel, which develops a series of thoughts rather than a plot, centering on themes like women’s role in society, death and change. A．The Garden Party B．The Green Room C．To the Lighthouse D．Daisy Miller 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查名词辨析。句意：《到灯塔去》是弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫最具自传体色彩的小说，它围绕女性在社会中的角色、死亡和变化等主题展开了一系列的思考而非情节的描写。A. The Garden Party《花园聚会》；B. The Green Room《候场室》；C. To the Lighthouse 《到灯塔去》；D. Daisy Miller《黛西·米勒》。由“Virginia Woolf”可知，Virginia Woolf是To the Lighthouse《到灯塔去》的作者。故选C项。 2．Violent programs on television may have a bad on children. A．injury B．pressure C．impression D．influence 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查名词。A. injury伤害； B. pressure压力； C. impression印象； D. influence影响。句意：电视上的暴力节目可能对孩子有不良影响。固定词组：have an effect/ influence on“对------有影响”。故选D。 3．How amazing it is that Zuckberg can speak Chinese! After all, it is a big_____ for any westerner to learn such a totally different language. A．adventure B．achievement C．trend D．challenge 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查名词词义辨析。A. adventure冒险；B. achievement成就；C. trend趋势；D. challenge 挑战。句意：扎克伯格会说中文是多么令人吃惊啊！毕竟，对任何西方人来说，学习一门完全不同的语言是一个巨大的挑战。根据句意可知此处表示“挑战”，故D项正确。 4．One hundred percent_______to your studies， though it can be lonely and no fun at all，will leave precious marks on your youth． A．response B．offence C．commitment D．reaction
一、选择题 1．Peter would like a bowl of ________noodles. A．tomato and egg B．tomato and eggs C．tomatoes and eggs D．tomatoes and egg 2．________wild animals are disappearing because of the ________of their living areas. A．The number of; lost B．The number of; losing C．A number of; lose D．A number of; loss 3．I’m hungry. I want some _________. A．water B．bread C．toys D．homework 4．Is it a picture_________ your school? A．of B．to C．and D．with 5．There are two________ near our school. A．shoe shops B．shoes shops C．shoe's shops D．shoes' shops 6．---- _________ is it from Nanjing to Beijing? --- It’s less than three ___________ flight. A．How long, hour’s B．How far, hour’s C．How long, hours’D．How far, hours’ 7．There is a______ shop and two_______ shops not far away from my school. A．sports; shoe B．sports; shoes C．sport; shoe D．sport; shoes 8．—I hear your family have made up their ________ to India next month. Have a pleasant journey. —Thank you. A．mind travelling B．minds travelling C．mind to travel D．minds to travel 9．—Do you know Shanghai is one of _______ in the world? —Yes, it’s bigger than _______ city in China. A．the biggest city; any B．the biggest cities; any C．the biggest cities; any other D．the biggest cities; the other 10．Some ________went to Japan to help when they knew that many ________ lost their homes in the earthquake. A．Germen; Japanese B．Frenchmen; Japaneses C．Germans; Japanese 11．There________some water in the bottle. A．is B．am C．are D．be 12．________the________Mike’ s and Jack’s? A．Is, rooms B．Are, room C．Are, rooms D．Is, room 13．Good food and_______help her_______better. A．exercise; study B．exercise; studies
常见的语法术语摘要 1.名词noun 动词verb 形容词adjective 数词numeral 代词 pronoun 2.介词preposition 副词adverb 连词conjunction 冠词article 感叹词 interjection 3.结构：structure 简单句simple sentences 并列句compound sentences 4.复合句complex sentences 倒装句inverted sentences 省略句elliptical sentences 5.陈述句declarative sentences 疑问句interrogative sentences 6.祈使句imperative sentences 感叹句exclamatory sentences 7.否定句negative sentences 被动句passive sentences 8.虚拟语气句subjunctive sentences 同义句synonymous sentences 9.歧义句ambiguous sentences 委婉句euphemisms 强调句emphasis 10.疑难句difficult sentences 叙述句narrative sentences 说明句expository sentences 11.议论句argumentative sentences 人物描写句descriptive sentences of people 12.动作描写句：descriptive sentences of actions 13.环境描写句descriptive sentences of environment 14.名人语句quotations 格言句maxims 谚语句proverbs 15.状语adverbial 补语complement 宾语object 宾语补助语objective complement 16.表语predicative 主语subject 谓语predicate 谓语动词finite verb 17.非谓语动词non-finite verb 情态动词modal verb 18.并列coordination 选择alternative 转折transition 对比contrast 19.原因cause 结果effect 20.动词时态verb tenses 21.一般现在时simple present (tense) 22.一般过去时simple past (tense) 一般将来时simple future (tense) 23.过去将来时future (tense) in the past 现在完成时present perfect (tense) 24.过去完成时past perfect (tense) 将来完成时future perfect (tense) 25.现在进行时present continuous (tense) 过去进行时past continuous (tense) 26.将来进行时future continuous (tense) 27.现在完成进行时present perfect continuous (tense) 28.主句main clause 从句subordinate clause 29.限定性定语从句restrictive attributive clause 30.非限定性定语从句non-restrictive attributive clause 31.宾语从句object clause 壮语从句adverbial clause 主语从句subject clause 32.表语从句predicative clause 同位语从句appositive clause 33.双重复合句double complex sentences 34.多重复合句multiple complex sentences 35.插入语parenthesis 36.IT引导的句子IT sentences
词法大全（一）-- 名词 Contents 可数名词 不可数名词 名词所有格
名词 概念：表示人、物品、地点、情感、抽象概念等名称的词 分类： 普通名词pen teacher water 专有名词Beijing China July Sunday the Sun 可数名词apple teacher boy car 抽象名词advice information news price happiness 不可数名词液体water milk tea coffee juice 材料metal glass wood paper meat bread rice 可数名词变复数 一般加s 二般以s, x, ch, sh 结尾，加es 三般以辅音字母+y 结尾，变y 为i 再加es 四般以f/fe 结尾，变f/fe 为v 再加es. 妻子持刀去宰狼，小偷吓得发了慌； 躲在架后保己命，半片树叶遮目光。 wife knife wolf thief shelf self life half leaf 以O 结尾事真多 英雄喜欢吃土豆、西红柿和芒果 hero es potato es tomato es mango es 特殊变化要注意 man woman child mouse policeman men women children mice policemen 特中之特，单复同形 fish deer sheep fish deer sheep 合成复数有玄机 lemon tree toy shop computer game lemon trees toy shops computer games man doctor woman teacher men doctor s women teacher s
一、选择题 1．I share my room ______ a friend of _________. A．to, me B．with, mine C．with, me D．from, mine 2．-Can I help you? -Yes. I'd like__________ rice. A．a small bar of B．a slice of C．a large bag of D．a piece of 3．There are two________ near our school. A．shoe shops B．shoes shops C．shoe's shops D．shoes' shops 4．—Do you know Shanghai is one of _______ in the world? —Yes, it’s bigger than _______ city in China. A．the biggest city; any B．the biggest cities; any C．the biggest cities; any other D．the biggest cities; the other 5．—What does your mother have for dinner？ — A．Chickens and tomato B．Chicken and tomatoes．C．Chicken and tomato．6．These are some photos of ________ bedroom. What a tidy and comfortable room! A．Jerry’s and Jenny’s B．Jer ry and Jenny’s C．Jerry’s sand Jenny 7．My mother often________when she was a young girl. A．keep diaries B．keep diary C．kept diaries D．kept diary 8．Look! The Chinese national basketball team ________ a face-to-face interview with their fans in the hall. How excited the fans are! A．is having B．are having C．have D．has 9．Do you know the three ______ under the tree? Their mothers are all ______in our school. A．boy students; woman teachers B．boy students; women teachers C．boys students; women teachers D．boys students; woman teachers 10．—What can I do for you? —Err, I want a glass of milk, some bread and . A．some chickens B．any chicken C．some chicken 11．_____________ mother usually cooks for ___________ at the weekend. A．Lily’s and Nick’s; them B．Lily and Nick’s; them C．Lily and Nick’s; their D．Lily and Nick; their 12．________the________Mike’ s and Jack’s? A．Is, rooms B．Are, room C．Are, rooms D．Is, room 13．—Kate, what do you have ____________ dinner? —I have some____________, And I like them very much. A．/; chicken B．for; chicken C．/; vegetables D．for; vegetables 14．—Whose desk is it? Is it the ________? —Yes. It is ________.
BE-subjunctive be-型虚拟式object complement 宾语补语 noun phrase of amount or quantity 表示数量概念的名词词组 infinitive 不定式full sentence完全句headword中心词dynamic verb 动态动词cleft sentence 分裂句main clause主句nominative absolute construction 独立主格结构direct object 直接宾语present perfective progressive现在完成进行体subject complement主语补语predicate verb 谓语动词determiner限定词ordinal numeral序数词verbless clause 无动词分句finite verb phrase限定动词词组 possessive pronoun 物主代词gender性main verb 主动词 antecedent先行项subjunctive mood 虚拟式 irregular verb 不规则动词root 词根demonstrative pronoun指示代词semi-auxiliary 半助动词compound complex sentence 并列复杂句passive voice 被动态coordinate construction 并列结构comparative clause 比较分句indefinite pronoun 不定代词 intransitive verb不及物动词vocabulary词汇bound morpheme粘附词素uncountable noun不可数名词morpheme词素central determiner中位限定词indicative mood 陈述式affix 词缀proper noun专有名词 abstract noun 抽象名词phrasal verb 词组动词 notional concord 意义一致原则auxiliary助动词active voice主动态 open class 开放词类linking verb 连系动词 historical present 历史性现在时conjunction 连词 unit noun 单位名词reflexive pronoun 反身代词 second person 第二人称unemphatic use非强调性用法 definite article 定冠词basic clause type分句基本类型 fractional numeral分数词closed class封闭词类 generic reference 类指derivative noun 派生名词 old English古英语complex sentence复杂句 relative clause 关系分句adverb phrase 副词词组 function word 功能词compound word复合词 countable noun 可数名词genitive noun 名词属格 article 冠词notional subject实义主语interjection 感叹词regular plural 规则复数transitive verb 及物动词 past perfective progressive 过去完成进行体mood 语气 implied conditional 含蓄条件句suffix后缀feminine gender阴性collective noun集体名词post-determiner后位限定词 indirect object 间接宾语principle of proximity就近原则 primary auxiliary 基本助动词sentence 句子 concord一致voice 语态common gender通性 question 疑问句base form原形SVOC主—动—宾—补结构imperative mood 祈使式predeterminer前位限定词 inflectional affix 屈折词缀number数voice态 personal pronoun 人称代词double genitive 双重属格 tense 时mood式ditransitive verb双宾语及物动词