U 1
NEW WORDS
average n. ordinary 普通的；中等的
intelligenc e n. ability to learn and understand 智力
necessarily ad. inevitably 必定
case n. what has really happened; actual condition 实情
additiona l a. added 加的，额外的n. addition
weekly a. done or happening every week 每周的；一周一次的
schedule n. timetable 时间表
chart n. (sheet of paper with) information written or drawn in the form of a picture 图（表）
commit vt. 指定...用于
aside ad. to the side在旁边；到（向）一边etc (Latin, shortened form for et cetera) and other things等等
normal a. usual正常的，正规的，标准的
reading n. the act or practice of reading阅读
assignment n. sth. given out as a task(布置的)作业
occupy n. take up占用
relaxation n. (sth. done for) rest and amusement休息，娱乐
relax v. 放松，休息，休养
hobby n. what one likes to do in one's free time业余爱好
entertainment n. show, party, etc. that people enjoy娱乐
entertain vt. 娱乐，招待，款待
solve vt. find an answer to (a problem)解决（问题）
aware a. having knowledge or understanding知道的；意识到的
furthermore ad. moreover; in addition而且；此外
enable vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.)使（某人）能（做某事）
activity n. sth. (to be) done 活动
adequate a. as much as one needs; enough充分的；足够的
distraction n. sth. that draws away the mind or attention分心（或分散注意力）的事物
concentrate (on or upon) vi. pay close attention (to)全神贯注（于）
skim vt. read quickly to get the main ideas (of)略读
preview vt. have a general view of (sth.) beforehand预习
content n. what is written in a book, etc.内容
organize vt. form into a whole组织
later ad. 后来；以后
skip vt. pass over略过
portion n. part; share一部分；一份
double v. make or become twice as great or as many（使）增加一倍comprehension n. the act of understanding or ability to understand理解（力）mention vt. speak or write about (sth.) in a few words提及
confused a. mixed up in one's mind迷惑的，混淆的
confuse vt. 搞乱，使糊涂
textbook n. a standard book for the study of a subject教科书；课本performance n. achievement成绩
meaningful a. having important meaning or value富有意义的
attitude n. what one thinks about sth.态度，看法
purpose n. aim目的，意图
excessively ad. too much过多地，过分地
excessive a. 过多的，过分的
permanent a. lasting for a long time; never changing持久的；永久的technique n. way of doing sth.技巧，方法
helpful a. useful; providing help or wiling to help有益的；给予帮助的，肯帮忙的PHRASES & EXPRSSIONS
fill in write in填写，填充
decide on make a choice or decision about选定，决定
set aside save for a special purpose留出
as wel l also; too; in addition也，还；同样
be aware (of)know (sth.); know (what is happening)知道，意识到concentrate on direct one's attention, efforts, etc. to全神贯注于
look over examine (quickly)把...看一遍，过目
go over review 复习
lead to result in 导致
U 2
NEW WORDS
single-handed a. & ad. (done) by one person alone 单独的（地）
adventure n. 冒险（活动）
solo a. single-handed 单独的
transatlantic a. crossing the Atlantic Ocean
lung n. part of the body with which one breathes 肺
cancer n. 癌
determined a. with one's mind firmly made up 下定了决心的
determine v. 下定决心
determination n. 决心，果断
retire vi. stop working at one's job(because of age) 退休
voyage n. sea journey 航海；航行
route n. way from one place to another 路线
clipper n. 快速帆船
crew n. group of people who work together on a ship or airplane 全体船员；全体乘务员
steer vt. make (esp. a boat or road vehicle) go in a particular direction 为...撑舵device n. a piece of equipment设备；装置
steering device n. 操舵装置
damage vt. cause harm or injury to 损坏ad. harm, injury 损坏
gale n. very strong wind大风
cove r vt. travel (a certain distance)行过（一段距离）
previously ad. before 以前
previous a. 以前的
attempt n. try 试图，尝试
dissuade vt. prevent (sb.) from doing sth. by reasoning 劝阻
treacherous a. more dangerous than it seems 暗藏危险的；奸诈的
cape n. 海角
rough a. (of weather or the sea) stormy; not calm （气候）有暴风雨的；（海）波涛汹涌的
fortunately ad. luckily 幸运地；幸亏
fortunat e a. 幸运的
contact vt. get in touch with 联系，接触
nearby ad. close by 在附近
following a. next; to be mentioned immediately 接着的；下列的
waken v. (cause to) wake 唤醒；醒来
nightmare n. terrible dream 恶梦
drag vt. pull along with great effort 拖，拉
sinister a. 凶恶的，邪恶的
knight n. 爵士vt. 封... 为爵士
sword n. 剑，刀
accomplish vt. finish successfully完成
conquer vt. overcome征服
undoubtedly ad. certainly无疑地
moreover ad. in addition此外，而且
human a. of or concerning people人们
being n. a living thing, esp. a person生物；人
PHRASES & EXPRESSIOMS
set out begin a course if action着手，开始
give up atop doing放弃
be determined to (do) have a strong will to (do)决心（做）
(all) by oneself(completely) alone
in spite of not taking notice of; not caring about 尽管；虽然
by far by a large amount or degree...得多
turn over (cause to) fall over, upset（使）翻倒，（使）倾覆
can not help can not keep oneself from禁不住
PEOPER NAMES
Francis Chichester弗朗西斯. 奇切斯特
Gipsy Moth吉普赛. 莫斯
Sydney悉尼（澳大利亚城市）
Cape Horn合恩角（智利）
London伦敦
Elizabeth伊丽莎白（女子名）
Drake德雷克（姓氏）
U 3
NEW WORDS
relative n. 亲属，亲戚
present n. gift 礼物，赠品
postman n. 邮递员
rare a. not happening often 罕见的；不常发生的
occasion n. special time; time when sth. happens 时刻，时机；场合
mayor n. chief official of a city or town 市长
medal n. 奖章
aged a. old 年老的，…岁的，老年人特有的
content a. satisfied; pleased 满意的；高兴的
primary a. first; earliest 首要的；最初的
arrange vi. make preparations; plan 作安排，筹划
minor a. not serious or important 较小的；次要的
operate vi. cut the body in order to set right or remove a diseased part 开刀，动手术operating table n. a special table in a hospital, where operations are done 手术台funeral n. 葬礼
efficient a. able to plan and work well 效率高的
decade n. ten years 十年，十
endure vt. bear (pain, suffering, etc.) 忍受，忍耐
spot n. a round area that is different from the main surface 点，斑点brighten vt. make bright or brighter 使发光；使发亮
cheek n. either side of the face below the eye 面颊
extra a. additional 额加的，外加的
clean n. cleaning 清洁，清洗
bunch n. things of the same kind that are tied together （一）束，（一）串marigold n. 万寿菊（花）
packet n. small parcel box 小包（裹）
mint n. 薄荷糖
slippe r n. 拖鞋
cardigan n. （羊毛）开衫
clatter n. a number of rapid short knocking sounds 咔嗒声
granny n. (colloq. for)grandmother
envelope n. a paper cover for a letter 信封
unsealed a. 未密封的
seal vt.密封
sealed a. 密封的
writing n. handwriting 书法；笔迹
pang n. sudden, sharp pain 剧痛
disappointment n. sadness because one does not get what one hopes for 失望disappoint vt. 失望
parcel n. 包裹
reluctantly ad. unwillingly 不情愿地，勉强地
reluctant a. 不情愿的
fold vt. bend into two or more parts 折叠
cheque n. 支票
flutter vt. move quickly to and fro in the air 飘动
stoop vi. bend the body forwards and downwards 弯腰
tremble vi. shake uncontrollably with quick short movements 颤抖PHRASES & EXPRESSIONS
at other times on other occasions 在别的时候；平时
round / around the corner very near in distance or time 在附近；即将来临after all in spite of everything; it must be remembered 毕竟；终究
be sure of 对...有把握，确信
pick up take hold of and lift up from a surface 拿起，捡起
PROPER NAMES
Myra 迈拉（女子名）
Enid 伊妮德（女子名）
Morrison 莫里森（姓氏）
Grant 格兰特（姓氏及男子名）
Johnnie 约翰尼（John的昵称）
Jim 吉姆（James的昵称）
Harold哈罗德(男子名)
U 4
NEW WORDS
worthwhile a. good enough for the time or effort needed; valuable 值得花时间（或精力）的；有价值的
program (me) n. performance on radio or television 节目
educationa l a. of or for education; providing education or information 教育的；
有教育意义的
current a. of the present time 当前的
social a. of or in society 社会的
movie n. film that one sees at a cinema 电影
nevertheless conj. but; however 然而，不过
propose vt. suggest 建议
broadcasting n. the action of sending out
sound (or images) by radio (or television) 广播
pr prohibit v. & n. forbid by law 禁止
oposal vt. suggestion 提议，建议
actually n. in actual fact, really 实际上
generation n. all the people about the same age （一）代
gap n. an empty space between two things or two parts of a thing; a wide difference of opinion, character, or the like 缺口，间隙；分歧，隔阂
divorce n. end of a marriage by law 离婚
rate n. 率
mental a. of the mind 精神的；思想上的
communicate vi.share or exchange opinions, ideas, etc. 交流意见，思想等
disturb vt. make (sb.) worried 使烦恼
emotional a. 感情的
pastime n. anything done to pass time pleasantly 消遣，娱乐
sunset n. the going down of the sun; the time when the sun goes down日落（时分）
neighborhood n. the area around a point or place 邻近地区；地段
adult n. 成年人
typical a. 典型的
educator n. a person whose profession is education 教育家
barely ad. hardly 仅仅，勉强；几乎没有
literate a. able to read and write 能读写的；有文化的
product n. sth. made or grown 产品
network n. 广播（或电视）联播公司；广播（或电视)网
glance n. quick look 一瞥；扫视
radical a. extreme; very different 激进的
electronic a. 电子的
electron n. 电子
baby-sitte r n. someone who looks after a child when the parents are away for a short time （代人临时）照看婴儿
childhood n. time when one is a child 童年
partly ad. not completely; in some degree 部分地；在一定程度上
involve vt. have as a part or result （必须）包括
imagination n. the ability to imagine 想象力
learning n. the gaining of knowledge or skill through studying; knowledge or skill gained through studying 学习；学问，知识
invent vt. produce (sth.) for the first time 发明
PHRASES & EXPRESSIONS
generation gap failure of the younger and older generations to communicate and understand one another 代沟
in part in some degree; partly 在一定程度上；部分地
grow up change from a child to a man or a woman 成长，长大
bring together cause to meet 使相聚
come up with think of; produce 想出；提出
at first glanc e when first seen or thought about乍一看；最初考虑时
have a ball (sl.) enjoy oneself, have a very good time 玩得开心
PROPER NAMES
Maye r迈耶（姓氏）
the United States美国
U 5
NEW WORDS
miserable a. causing unhappiness; very unhappy 悲惨的
merry a. cheerful, full of lively happiness, fun, etc. 欢乐的，愉快的
pony n. a small horse 矮种马；小马
boot n. 长统靴
candy n. (AmE) sweets 糖果
sticking n. 长（统）袜
chimney n. 烟囱
eve n. 前夕
fireplace n. 壁炉
mixed-up a. (different things) put together混合的，混杂的
limp a. soft; not stiff or firm软的；松沓的
kneel v. go down or remain on the knee(S)跪下
indignant a. angry at sth. unfair气愤的；愤慨的
stable n. building for keeping and feeding animals, esp. horses马厩
weep v. cry哭泣；流泪
rude a. not at all polite粗鲁的，不礼貌的
wrong vt. treat unjustly委屈
curtain n. 窗帘
lest conj. for fear that唯恐，以免
anxiety n. fear caused by uncertainty about sth.焦虑
impatience n. inability to wait calmly不耐烦，急躁
patience n. 耐性；忍耐
brand n. 商标，牌子
brand-new a. entirely new and unused崭新的
saddle n. 马鞍
mane n. 马鬃
forehead n. that part of the face above the eyes and below the hair 前额
kid n. child 小孩；小山羊
splutter v. speak quickly and confusedly (from excitement, etc.) 语无伦次地说scarcely ad. hardly, almost not 几乎不，简直不
scarce a. 缺乏的，不足的，稀有的
thrill vt. excite greatly使非常激动
trot vi. run or ride slowly, with short steps（马）小跑
currycomb n. a special comb used to rub and clean a horse马梳
pitchfork n. 干草叉
hay n. dried grass 干草
loft n. a room over a stable, where hay is kept 草料棚
broken-hearted a. filled with grief; very sad 心碎的；极其伤心的
misery n. the state of being very unhappy, poor, ill, lonely, etc. 悲惨；不幸；苦难happiness n. the state of being happy 快乐；幸福
grown-up a. & n. (of) an adult person 成人（的）
PHRASES & EXPRESSIONS
make sure act so as to make something certain 确保；查明
nothing but nothing other than; only 除了...以外没有什么；仅仅，只不过
stick to refuse to give up or change 坚持，不放弃
hang up fix (sth,) at a high place so that it does not touch the ground挂起
or something (used when the speaker is not sure) 诸如此类
catch sight of see suddenly or for a moment 看到，发现
draw near mover near接近
break into suddenly start (to cry, laugh, etc.) 突然...起来
in place in the right place在适当的位置
PROPER NAMES
Santa Claus 圣诞老人
Christmas Eve圣诞前夜
Lennie Steffens 伦尼.斯蒂芬斯
U 6
NEW WORDS
efficiency n. the state or quality of being efficient 效率
industrial a. of industry 工业的
neat a. orderly and clean 整洁的
elementary a. of or for beginners 初等的，初级的
sock n. 短袜
drawer n. 抽屉
bureau n. a chest of drawers for bedroom use 衣柜
underwear n. 内衣
pants n. trousers
expert n. a person with special knowledge or skill 专家，能手
kitchen n. room used for cooking厨房
utensil n. any tool or container used in the house, esp. for cooking用具，器皿quality n. the degree of goodness which a thing or a person possesses质量；品质
foundation n. 基础
career n. profession; way of making a living职业；生涯
engineering n. 工程学；管理
unfortunately ad. 不幸的是；遗憾的是
bossy a. always telling other people what to do and how to do it, like a boss 爱指挥人的；专横的
project n. a piece of work; a big plan项目；方案
bachelor n. a person who had the first university degree学士
graduation n. completion of an educational course毕业
graduate vi. 毕业
short-term a. involving or lasting a short period of time 短期的
basis n. 基础；根据
consultant n. a person who gives professional or technical advice 顾问
consult v. 顾问
amaze vt. fill with great surprise or wonder 使大为惊讶，使惊愕
curious a. strange 奇怪的
whatsoever a. of any kind, at all 任何的，丝毫的
inspect vt. examine 检查
shipment n. the act of wending, carrying or delivering goods 装运。运送
miss vt. be without; lack
Lesson Eight The Kindness of Strangers Mike Mclntyre 1. One summer I was driving from my home town of Tahoe City, Calif, to New Orleans. In the middle of the desert, I came upon a young man standing by the roadside. He had his thumb out and held a gas can in his other hand. I drove right by him. There was a time in the country when you' d be considered a jerk if you passed by somebody in need. Now you are a fool for helping. With gangs, drug addicts, murderers, rapists, thieves lurking everywhere, "I don't want to get involved" has become a national motto. 2. Several states later I was still thinking about the hitchhiker. Leaving him stranded in the desert did not bother me so much. What bothered me was how easily I had reached the decision. I never even lifted my foot off the accelerator. 3. Does anyone stop any more? I wondered. I recalled Blanche DuBois's famous line: "I have always depended on the kindness of strangers." Could anyone rely on the kindness of strangers these days? One way to test this would be for a person to journey from coast to coast without any money, relying solely on the good will of his fellow Americans. What kind of Americans would he find? Who would feed him, shelter him, carry him down the road? 4. The idea intrigued me. 5. The week I turned 37, I realized that I had never taken a gamble in my life. So I decided to travel from the Pacific to the Atlantic without a penny. It would be a cashless journey through the land of the almighty dollar. I would only accept offers of rides, food and a place to rest my head. My final destination would be Cape Fear in North Carolina, a symbol of all the fears I'd have to conquer during the trip. 6. I rose early on September 6, 1994, and headed for the Golden Gate Bridge with a 50-pound pack on my back and a sign displaying my destination to passing vehicles: "America." 7. For six weeks I hitched 82 rides and covered 4223 miles across 14 states. As I traveled, folks were always warning me about someplace else. In Montana they told me to watch out for the cowboys in Wyoming, In Nebraska they said people would not be as nice in Iowa. Yet I was treated with kindness everywhere I went. I was amazed by people's readiness to help a stranger, even when it seemed to run contrary to their own best interests. 8. One day in Nebraska a car pulled to the road shoulder. When I reached the window, I saw two little old ladies dressed in their Sunday finest." I know you're not supposed to pick up hitchhikers, but it's so far between towns out here, you feel bad passing a person," said the driver, who introduced herself as Vi. I didn't know whether to kiss them or scold them for stopping. This woman was telling me she'd rather risk her life than feel bad about passing a stranger on the side of the road. 9. Once when I was hitchhiking unsuccessfully in the rain, a trucker pulled over, locking his brakes so hard he skidded on the grass shoulder. The driver told me he was once robbed at knifepoint by a hitchhiker. "But I hate to see a man stand out in the rain," he added. "People don't have no heart anymore." 10. I found, however, that people were generally compassionate. Hearing I had no money and would take none, people bought me food or shared whatever they happened to have with them. Those who had the least to give often gave the most. In Oregon a house painter named Mike noted the chilly weather and asked if I had a coat. When he learned that I had "a light one," he drove me to his house, and handed me a big green army-style jacket. A lumber-mill worker named Tim invited me to a simple dinner with his family in their shabby house. Then he offered me his tent. I refused, knowing it was probably one of the family's most valuable possessions. But Tim was determined that I have it, and finally I agreed to take it. 11. I was grateful to all the people I met for their rides, their food, their shelter, and their gifts. But what I found most touching was the fact that they all did it as a matter of course.
UNIT 8 MONEY 1. Mr. Verder never thought that he would become a member of the board of directors (董事会) because of his __________ origin. A. humble B. previous C. critical D. false 2. __________ he told us __________. A. Until; that we understood B. Not until; did we understand C. It was not until; that did we understand D. Not until; then we understood 3. Now Thomson has obtained __________ from his boss to extend the field of his investigation. A. purchase B. insurance C. determination D. permission 4. __________ I had calmed down, my brain was also beginning to work much better. A. For B. Now that C. Lest D. Despite 5. My mother is anxious to hear any information __________ the results of election. A. concerned B. being concerned C. concerning D. having concerned 6. I spent the whole day repairing the car. The work was __________ easy. A. nothing but B. anything but C. something except D. all but 7.They are turned around in a huge machine to get them __________ the forces they will experience in space flight. A. use B. used C. used to D. be used to 8. Barbara __________ in doing it again though she had failed more than a dozen times. A. consisted B. insisted C. persisted D. assisted 9. Very few experts __________ with completely new answers to the world's economic problems. A. come to B. come round C. come on D. come up 10. Conservative (保守的) people tend to __________ traditional ideas. A. stick to B. turn out C. set aside D. take over 11. The development of industry __________ the attitudes of men toward art and architecture. A. effected B. spun C. affected D. instructed 12. My __________ to this problem is quite different from his. A. manner B. approach C. behavior D. means 13. John __________ the results of the election with amazing accuracy. A. examined B. predicted C. overlooked D. governed 14. Disabled people should not be __________ the chances to study in university. A. forbidden B. prevented C. rejected D. denied 15. The Prime Minister refused to __________ on the rumor that he had planned to give up his position. A. relate B. frown C. comment D. catch UNIT 7 CULTURE 1. He left the spot immediately, afraid of being ________ in the car accident. A. connected B. taken C. seated D. involved 2. As the dictionary says, “graciousness” ________ means being polite, kin d and generous. A. literally B. gracefully C. exactly D. constantly 3. He insisted that she ________ improve her oral English by doing a lot of practice. A. could B. would C. might D. should 4. We don't believe that those special kinds of leaves are _______. A. actual B. edible C. ridiculous D. comprehensive 5. She was scared to ________ her father’s wishes. A. go about B. go through C. go against D. go on 6. Many a parent ________ to go through this same painful process. A. have B. has C. are having D. is having 7. ________ the war finally came to an end. A. It was not until 1972 that B. No sooner it was 1972 than C. Hardly it was 1972 that D. Scarcely it was 1972 when 8. He drove to the airport to ________ Mr. Dixon who came to see him from Orillia. A. pick up B. set out C. call for D. tone down 9. It is considerate ________ you to do me a favor at this moment. A. to B. for C. of D. about
zombie n.还魂尸 Whiff n. 一吹, 一阵香气, 香烟的一口violation n.违反, 违背, 妨碍 vested adj. 既定的 underworld n. 黑社会 undercut v. 削弱, 廉价出售 ultimately adv.最后, 最终 troop n.群, 组,军队, 大量transportation n.运输, 运输工具, 运输系统symptom n.症状, 征兆 stigma n. 耻辱, 污名n. 柱头 stamp v.镇压，压制 smuggle v. 走私, 偷运, 偷带 sin n.原罪v.犯罪, 违反(教规) sentiment n.情绪, 感情, 观点, 感伤segregate v.分离, 隔离, 分凝adj.分离的segment n.部分, 弓形,瓣, 段, 节vt.分割sane adj.心智健全的, 明智的 sanction n.批准, 约束力,处罚 rum 朗姆酒 reverse v.逆转, 倒退, 互换；改变 repeal n. 废止, 撤消v. 废止, 撤消remove v.消除, 脱掉, 免除, 搬迁relentless adj.冷酷无情的, 不间断的reduce v.减少, 缩小, 使落魄, 简化, 还原recreation n.消遣, 娱乐 rebuttal n. 反驳, 反证 rationale l n.基本原理, 基础理论 pusher n. (毒品等的)非法销售者 pump v.用泵等抽出或压入 proverbial adj. 众所周知的 prosecutor n.公诉人, proponent n.提倡者, 支持者 prohibition n. 禁止, 禁令 premium n.额外费用, 奖金, 保险费 plus prep.加, 加上 persuasion n. 说服, 劝说, 信念 permanent adj.永久的, 持久的 per prep.每, 每一, 经过, 按照paradigm n.模式 outweigh v.比... 重要, 比... 有价值opium n. 鸦片, 麻醉剂 narcotic n. 麻醉药 multifaceted adj. 多层面的mount v.,举行 moralist n. 道德学家, 卫道士 mission n.使命, 代表团, 任务, 布道minimize v.将... 减到最少, 贬低 mild adj.温和的, marijuana n. 大麻 mainliner n. (静脉中注射毒品的)瘾君子logic n.逻辑, 逻辑学, 条理性, 推理 lift vt.解除（法令等） kick v.剔除，戒绝（恶习）intoxicant adj. 醉人的 insight n.洞察力 impoverish vt. 使贫困, 使贫瘠, 使枯竭impose v. 加上, 课征, 强迫, 征收(税款) illusory adj. 虚幻的, 幻觉的 illegal adj.非法的, 不合法的n.非法移民hooked adj.,吸毒成瘾的 heroin n. 海洛因 gaping adj.敞开的 exhortation n.劝告, 训词, 讲道词enforcement n.执行, 强制,实施 dwarf vt.使矮小 dramatically adv.戏剧地, 引人注目地 divine adj.神圣的, 神的 disprove vt.证明... 是不对的, 提出... 的反证demon n.魔鬼, 恶魔, deglamorize vt.使失去迷惑力criminalization n.(制定法律)宣告为非法criminal adj.犯罪的, 刑事的, 违法的 cop n.警察 antismoking adj. 反对吸烟的 confiscation n. 没收；征用；充公 coke n.
大学英语精读第一册课后练习部分答案 Unit 1 Cloze (A) 1. aware 2. performance 3. average 4. adequate 5. set aside 6. mentions 7.look over 8. commit (B) 1. if/once 2. about 3. it 4. know 5. up 6. as 7. from 8. words 9. into 10.other 11. for 12. when Translation 1、他这次考试的失败使他意识到定期复习功课的重要。 His failure in the exam has made him aware of the importance of reviewing his lessons regularly. 2、请一定不要忘记离家前你父母对你说过的话。 Be sure not to forget what your parents said to you before you left home.3、我确信她的英语知识对这项工作来说是足够的了。 I'm sure her knowledge of English is adequate for the job. 4、这篇文章的目的是告诉学生怎样培养良好的学习习惯。 The purpose of this article is to tell the students how to develop good study habits. 5、在当今时代，人们越来越多地依靠计算机(computers)来解决各种各样的问题。 In our age, people depend more and more on computers to solve various kinds of difficult problems.
综合英语 1 Comprehensive English1 【学分】4 【学时】64 【编写】袁邦照【审核】程莹 （一）授课对象 四年制本科英语专业学生 （二）课程的性质和地位 本课程是是本科英语专业低年级的一门学科基础课程，是英语专业基础阶段全面培养和提高学生语言能力和交际能力的一门课程，在整个基础英语教学中具有重要奠基作用。本课程的教学，是在学生已初步掌握一定的英语词汇、语音、语法基本知识和听、说、读、写基本技能的基础上进行的，因此，主要教学目的在于进一步提高学生综合运用英语的能力，特别是要加强口笔头语言表达能力，同时加深对词汇、语法、写作、修辞等方面的知识，同时指导学生学习方法，培养逻辑思维能力，为进一步接受英语专业高年级教育打下全面的牢固的基础。本课程以课文教学为中心，采用精讲多练、讲练结合的方式，主要通过语言基础训练与篇章讲解分析，启发学生学习语言的积极性和自觉性，使学生逐步提高语篇阅读理解能力，了解英语各种文体的表达方式和特点，扩大词汇量和熟悉英语常用句型，具备基本的口头与笔头表达能力，并逐步形成用英语思维的能力。 （三）课程教学的目标 1.改变观念：帮助学生尽快熟悉大学学习环境和自主学习方法；使学生养成良好的学习习惯；培养学生的独立工作能力。引导学生改变应试学习的观点，逐步树立“To know English is to speak English.”的观念。 2.语音：通过一对一纠音练习，语音模仿秀等，整顿学生的语音面貌，提高学生的朗读技巧。 3.词汇和语法：盘活中学所学语法和词汇，使之成为语言交际的实际技能。认知词汇3000-4000个(其中含中学已学2 000个)，熟用其中1600-1800个及其最基本的搭配。听力：能在15分钟听写根据已学知识编写的材料(词数120左右，念四遍，第一、四遍语速为每分钟100个词，第二、三遍根据意群停顿)，错误率不超过8%。要求学生每天收听CRI及VOA的Special English。熟悉新闻广播的特点和语速。 4.口语：能使用课文中的重点词汇和短语复述课文；能用英语正确表达所学的功能意念，以达到实际交流运用的目的。 5.阅读和写作：能读懂词汇量为2000-2500的浅易材料及简易读物，阅读速度每分钟60-80个词，理解基本正确，能抓住中心大意。对重点句子能够释义。学会初步使用“英英”
Glossary lesson 1 academic 学院的adolescence 青春期adolescent 青少年时期adulthood 成年 affection 喜爱 affirm 断言 agenda 日程表 anxiety 焦虑 attitudinal 态度的 baptist bounce 跳跃 capability 能力contribute 贡献 counsel 建议 crisis 危机 definite 清楚的developmental 发育的distinct 区分，差别distressed 悲伤 dorm 公寓，宿舍(大学生)
encyclopedia 百科全书endeavor 尝试endowment 天赋 ethical 道德的ethnic evaluate 估算，评估excessive 过分的，极度的feminine 女性的 financial 财政的 functional 职务的 genetic 基因的 guilt 内疚 heighten 提高 inherit 遗传，继承inhibition 压抑的情绪interact 交流 interaction 合作 involve （成功的）必要条件journal 期刊 masculine 男性的 maturity 成熟 mistrust 不信任
newscast 新闻广播parental 父母的 peer 同龄人 perceive 理解 position 工作 prejudiced 偏见 project 规划 rebel 抗议 relate 理解，同情某人resentment 怨恨 role 职责 seminary 学院的separation 分开 sexual 2性的 shrink 缩水 stressful 有压力的superior 优秀的theological 神学的unquestionably 毫无疑问的lesson2
大学英语精读第三版(上海外语教育出版社董亚芬主编)第一册答案Book 1 Unit 1 Study&Practice Vocabulary Activities 1. 1)e 2)g 3)j 4)a 5)b 6)i 7)c 8)d 9)h 10)f 2. 1) handling 2) summarized 3) process 4) absorb 5) are bound to 6) feel free 7) for instance 8) strategies 9) complained 10) has committed... to memory 11) Nevertheless 12) rely... on 13) Apart from 14) command 3. 1) over and over again 2) at a time 3) put it into practice 4) watching out for 5) by no means 6) concentrate on 7) In addition to 8) in detail Enriching Your Word Power 1. 1)action 2)employ 3)announce 4)examination 5)communication 6)express 7)compose 8)improvement 9)concentration 10)management 11)consider 12)motivate 13)development
15)discuss 16)operate 17)division 18)production 19)educate 20)repeat 2. 1) a) additional b) add c) addition d) addition 2) a) effectively b) effect c) effective d) effect 3) a)helpful b) help c) helpless d) help e) helplessly f) helpfully g) helpful 4) a) reliant b) reliable c) reliance, reliable d) relies e) reliably 5) a) repetition b) repeating c) repeatedly d) repeated e) repetition Usage 1) In my opinion 2) According to Mary 3) In our opinion 4) According to today’s papers 5) In most doctors’ opinion ( According to most doctors) Structure 1. 1) Shakespeare was not only a dramatist but also an actor. 2) Miss Crain not only took me home in her car, but also came the next day to see if I had recovered. 3) Hainan Island attracts tourists not only in winter but also in summer. 4) There is always a black market not only in Britain, but also in other European countries. 5) At the Athens Olympics in 2004, Liu Xiang not only won a gold medal in the 110-meter hurdles, but also broke the Olympic record. 2. 1) It is true that your sentences are all gramma tically correct, but they don’t make any sense. 2) It is true that they lost that battle, but they still went on fighting. 3) It is true that Tom’s very clever and hardworking, but I still don’t think he is the right person for the job. 4) It is true that learning English is by no means easy, but we can make the task easier by using some learning strategies. Cloze 1. 1) strategies 2) frequently 3) over and over again 4) commit to memory 5) acquaintance 6) watch out for 7) communicate 8) process
Lesson One Half a Day Naguib Mahfous 1. I walked alongside my father, clutching his right hand. All my clothes were new: the black shoes, the green school uniform, and the red cap. They did not make me happy, however, as this was the day I was to be thrown into school for the first time. 2. My mother stood at the window watching our progress, and I turned towards her from time to time, hoping she would help. We walked along a street lined with gardens, and fields planted with crops: pears, and date palms. 3. "Why school ?" I asked my father. "What have I done ?" 4. "I'm not punishing you, " he said, laughing. "School's not a punishment. It's a place that makes useful men out of boys. Don' t you want to be useful like your brothers?" 5. I was not convinced. I did not believe there was really any good to be had in tearing me away from my home and throwing me into the huge, high-walled building. 6. When we arrived at the gate we could see the courtyard, vast and full of boys and girls. "Go in by yourself, " said my father, "and join them. Put a smile on your face and be a good example to others. " 7. I hesitated and clung to his hand, but he gently pushed me from him. "Be a man, " he said. "Today you truly begin life. You will find me waiting for you when it's time to leave. " 8. I took a few steps. Then the faces of the boys and girls came into view. I did not know a single one of them, and none of them knew me. I felt I was a stranger who had lost his way. But then some boys began to glance at me in curiosity, and one of them came over and asked, "Who brought you?" 9. "My father, " I whispered. 10. "My father's dead, " he said simply. 11. I did not know what to say. The gate was now closed. Some of the children burst into tears. The bell rang. A lady came along, followed by a group of men. The men began sorting us into ranks. We were formed into an intricate pattern in the great courtyard surrounded by high buildings; from each floor we were overlooked by a long balcony roofed in wood. 12. "This is your new home, "said the woman. "There are mothers and fathers here, too. Everything that is enjoyable and beneficial is here. So dry your tears and face life joyfully. " 13. Well, it seemed that my misgivings had had no basis. From the first moments I made many friends and fell in love with many girls. I had never imagined school would have this rich variety of experiences. 14. We played all sorts of games. In the music room we sang our first songs. We also had our first introduction to language. We saw a globe of the Earth, which revolved and showed the various continents and countries. We started learning numbers, and we were told the story of the Creator of the universe. We ate delicious food, took a little nap, and woke up to go on with friendship and love, playing and learning. 15. Our path, however, was not totally sweet and unclouded. We had to be observant and patient. It was not all a matter of playing and fooling around. Rivalries could bring about pain and hatred or give rise to
大学英语精读第三版第一册答案Unit1 1)e 2)g 3)j 4)a 5)b 6)i 7)c 8)d 9)h 10)f 1) handling 2) summarized 3) process 4) absorb 5) are bound to 6) feel free 7) for instance 8) strategies 9) complained 10) has committed to memory 11) Nevertheless 12) rely on 13) Apart from 14) command 1) over and over again 2) at a time 3) put it into practice 4) watching out for 5) by no means 6) concentrate on 7) In addition t 8) in detail 1)action 2)employ 3)announce 4)examination 5)communication 6)express 7)compose 8)improvement 9)concentration 10)management 11)consider 12)motivate 13)development
14)movement 15)discuss 16)operate 17)division 18)production 19)educate 20)repeat 1) additional 2) add 3) addition 4) addition 1) effectively 2) effect 3) effective 4) effect 1) helpful 2) help 3) helpless 4) help 5) helplessly 6) helpfully 7) helpful 1) reliant 2) reliable 3) reliance reliable 4) relies 5) reliably 6) 1) repetition 2) repeating 3) repeatedly 4) repeated 5) repetition 1) In my opinion 2) According to Mary 3) In our opinion 4) According to today's papers 5) In most doctors' opinion According to most doctors 1) Shakespeare was not only a dramatist but also an actor. 2) Miss Crain not only took me home in her car, but also came the next day to see if I had recovered. 3) Hainan Island attracts tourists not only in winter but also in summer.