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2019届中考物理一模试卷按考点分类汇编 情景实验 新版 新人教版

2019届中考物理一模试卷按考点分类汇编 情景实验 新版 新人教版
2019届中考物理一模试卷按考点分类汇编 情景实验 新版 新人教版

情景实验

宝山:16.某小组同学通过自学得知:在两种金属组成的回路中,如果使两个接触点的温度不同,便在回路中将会出现电流。为了验证和探究其中规律,该小组利用铁丝和铜丝两种导线组成图6(a)所示的闭合回路,并将相连的两个交叉点A、B分别置于烧杯中和酒精灯上方。做了如图6(a)、(b)、(c)(d)所示的四次实验。请仔细观察图中的装置、操作和现象,归纳得出初步结论。

⑴分析比较图6中(a)(b)两图中的装置、操作和现象,归纳得出初步结论:当相互连接的两种金属丝的材料不变时,接触点之间的温度差越小,电路中的电流______。

⑵分析比较图6中(a)(c)两图[或(b)(d)两图] ,发现当相互连接的两种金属丝的材料相同,金属导线接触点之间的温度差也相同,且用酒精灯对金属导线中部进行加热时,闭合回路中的电流表示数______(选填“变大”、“不变”或“变小”)。据此可得出初步结论:当相互连接的两种金属丝的材料相同,金属导线接触点之间的温度差也相同时,电路中的电流大小与金属导体中部温度高低______。

答案:

奉贤:16.某研究小组同学用硬纸片、水、刻度尺及粗细相同长短不同的玻璃管做覆杯实验,如图7(a)(b)(c)所示。

二力平衡的知识等可以测出大气压的值,于是他们采用图7(d)实验装置在物理实验室测定大气压的值,不过

:

虹口:15. 我们的地球被一层厚厚的大气层包围着,同海水以及一切其他物体一样,大气也受到地球的引力作用,所以这层大气是不会逃逸到宇宙中去的,如果把大气比作为海洋,我们就生活在这层海洋的底部。地球上海拔高度越高,大气越稀薄。

①根据上述信息及液体与气体的相同点,小王同学提出了有关大气压强的猜想:大气向各个方向均有压强。他的依据是:大气受到地球引力作用,__________________。

②根据上述信息及所学液体压强的相关知识,公式P=F/S 、P=ρgh 中不能用来计算大气压强的是________,理由是_______________________________________

。 答案:

金山:17.小明同学通过实验探究“串联电路中电压与电阻的关系”,研究过程如图10(a )、(b )和(c )所示,电路中电源电压保持不变。请仔细观察图中电路的连接及电压表的指针偏转情况,然后归纳得出初步结论。

①分析比较图10中(a)、(b)或(a)、(c)可知: (19) 。 ②分析比较图10中(b)、(c)可知: (20)

。 答案:

静安: 15.为研究物块浸入水中时,物块的密度对其在水中最终状态的影响,某小组同学选用若干体积相同、密度不同的实心物块和足够的水进行实验。实验中他们分别将物块A 、B 、C 和D 浸入水中,待其最终静止,并将此时观察到的实验现象记录如图4(a )、(b )、(c )和(d )。已知物块密度跟水密度的情况是ρA >ρ

>ρB >ρC >ρD 。

(a ) (b

) (c ) (d )

图4

(a) (b) (c)

图10

①分析比较图4中(a)和(b)或(a)和(c)或(a)和(d)现象及相关条件,可得出的初步结论是:当物

(18)。

块密度大于水的密度时,物块最终静止在容器底部;________

(19)现象及相关条件,可得出的初步结论是:当物块漂浮在水中时,________

(20)。

②分析比较图4中的________

答案:

闵行:18. 光敏电阻对光照强度十分敏感,它在强光照射下的电阻称为亮电阻,在黑暗环境下的电阻称为暗电阻,两种阻值差异可达1000倍以上,某兴趣小组为了研究光照强度对光敏电阻阻值的影响,他们把一光敏电阻R1与定值电阻R2(R1=1千欧)串联后接在6伏的电源上,电路如图11(a)所示,闭合电键,当该光敏电阻处于不同环境下,电压表指针分别位于如图11(b)、(c)所示的位置。请根据上述内容,回答下列问题。

(1)根据图11(a)、(b)、(c)所示信息及相关条件,可得出初步结论:光照强度越强,光敏电阻的阻值越_______(选填“大”或“小”),依据是_______________。

(2)关于对光敏电阻的讨论,下列说法中正确的是_________。

A. 亮电阻与暗电阻的差异越大,光敏电阻的性能越好

B. 如果暗电阻接近于零,说明该光敏电阻已损坏

C. 将光敏电阻与灯串联后接入照明电路可实现白天熄灭、夜间发光

D. 将光敏电阻与灯并联后接入照明电路可实现白天熄灭、夜间发光

答案:

浦东新区:15.下表记录了在不同海拔高度时的气温和气压值,请依据表中的信息回答:

①当海拔高度为8800米时,气压为 (19) 百帕;

②根据相关信息,猜想在海拔为16000米的高度时,气温为 (20) ℃;

③当海拔高度在20000米到30000米之间时,气温随海拔高度增加而 (21) ,气压随海拔高度增加而

(22) 。

答案:15. (19) 316.7;(20) -56.5;(21)升高。 (22)降低。

普陀:15.“水果电池”被称为最天然也是最没有污染的电池,在水果中插入不同金属制成的极板,并保持两块极板间的距离、极板与水果的接触面积不变,用电压表直接测量两块极板之间的电压,结果如下表:

①“水果电池”实现的是能转化为电能。

②根据表中数据及相关条件可知:“水果电池”电压与和有关。

答案:化学水果种类极板材料

青浦:18.为了航行安全,远洋轮的船体需标有国际航行载重线,即轮船满载时的“吃水线”。如图6所示,是某船满载时在不同水域、季节时的“吃水线”,其中FW为在淡水中航行时的“吃水线”,A、B则为夏、冬两季在海水中航行时的“吃水线”。

①若该船在不同水域、季节航行时,水(海水)面正好与“吃水线”相平,则下列对于该船装载货物的质量的

判断中,正确是:________

(27)

a 在“FW”处所装载的货物质量最大。FW

A

B

b 在“A”处所装载的货物质量最大。

c 在“B”处所装载的货物质量最大。

d 在“FW”、“A”、“B”三处所装载的货物质量一样大。

②该船在冬季海水航行时的“吃水线”是图6中的________

(28)(选填“A”、“B”),

(29)。

判断的理由是:________

答案:

松江:15.盛夏,为了防止爆胎,有经验的司机都不会给车胎充气太足。小李经分析后猜想:一定质量的气体,当气体体积不变时,气体压强与温度有关。接着他利用图10所示装置进行探究。烧瓶的一端连接在压强计上,用压强计中的水银柱在烧瓶中密闭一定质量的空气。将烧瓶放入水中,给水槽中的水加热。用温度计和压强计同时测量水的温度(即为瓶中密闭气体的温度值)及密闭空气此时的压强值。在每次测量时都使压强计左侧水银面保持在图中A点的位置不变,实验数据记录如下:

①实验中,每次测量时都使压强计左侧水银面保持在图中A点的位置不变,其目的是保持一定质量密闭气体的(18)不变。

②分析上表中实验数据可知:(19)。

③因此,夏天载重汽车在盘山公路下坡行驶时,要不断往车轮上喷水是想使轮胎内气体的(20)来减小轮胎内气体的压强,防止爆胎。

答案:

徐汇:17. 在课外实践活动中,某小组同学为了探究纸锥竖直下落时间长短与哪些因素有关。他们用质量、形状不同的纸锥进行竖直下落实验,并用闪光照相机记录不同纸锥从同一高度

下落的运动情况,照相机每隔0.2s曝光一次,拍摄的照片如图8所示。已知图8(a)、(b)中,纸锥的质量相同,形状不同,(b)中纸锥的锥头更尖。图8(b)、(c)中,纸锥的形状相同,质量不同,(c)中纸锥质量较大。请根据实验现象及相关条件,归纳得出初步结论。

①分析比较图8中的(a)与(b),可得到的初步结论是:__________________________;

②分析比较图8中的(b)与(c),可得到的初步结论是:__________________________。

答案:

杨浦:18. 某小组同学为研究带铁芯通电螺线管的磁性与哪些因素有关,利用滑动变阻器、带铁芯的螺线管和大头针等器材进行实验。他们先将带铁芯的螺线管和滑动变阻器接入如图9(a)所示的电路中(电源电压保持不变),闭合电键S后,改变变阻器滑片的位置,并用铁芯吸引大头针,观察到如图9(b)、(c)所示的现象。然后他们另将甲、乙两个

匝数不同的带铁芯的螺线管接入电路,闭合电键S后观察到如图9(d)所示的现象。

①实验中通过___________反映带铁芯通电螺线管磁性的强弱;

②分析比较图9(b)和(c)所示的现象,可以得到的初步结论是:___________________;

③图9(d)中将两个不同匝数的带铁芯的螺线管串联接入电路的目的是:____________;根据实验现象可以达到的初步结论是:________________________________________

答案:

长宁:18.下表记录了人体在不同潮湿程度下的电阻值,请依据表中的相关数据回答问题:

①当皮肤浸入水中,并且施加于人体的电压为100伏时,人体电阻约为________欧。

②人体电阻与潮湿程度的关系是:施加于人体的电压相同时,__________。

③如果通过人体的电流达到10毫安(0.01安)时,就会对人的生命安全造成威胁,那么所谓的安全电压“24伏”是否绝对安全?请说明你的判断理由。______________

答案:

高考英语真题分类汇编各种题型全汇总

阅读理解 专题一广告信息类 2018年 Passage 1 2018全国卷Ⅰ,6分话题:骑自行车在华盛顿特区观光词数:274 Washington,D.C. Bicycle Tours Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C. Duration:3 hours This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability —and the cherry blossoms — disappear! Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour Duration:3 hours(4 miles) Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D.C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C. Duration:3 hours Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour Duration:3 hours(7 miles) Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights. 1. Which tour do you need to book in advance? A. Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C. B. Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour. C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C. D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour. 2. What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour? A. Meet famous people. B. Go to a national park. C. Visit well-known museums. D. Enjoy interesting stories. 3. Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide? A. City maps. B. Cameras. C. Meals.

2017中考英语真题分类汇编名词

名词 ( C )1. (2017江西) —Do you have any for tonight yet? —Not yet. What about having a picnic on the beach? A. problems B. news C. plans D. rules ( A )2. (2017福建) —Nowadays more and more foreigners are becoming interested in Beijing Opera. —That’s true. It’s an important part of Chinese . A. culture B. invention C. custom D. tradition ( A )3. (2017海南) It is very hot in Hainan this summer. On June 3rd, the in Lingao reached 41.9℃. A. temperature B. information C. development D. progress ( C )4. (2017上海) Did the policeman give much on how to protect personal information? A. note B. tip C. advice D. book ( C )5. (2017天津) Don’t stand too close to North Americans. You’d better give them more personal . A. time B. system c. space D. pity ( C )6. (2017重庆) —Judy, I will have a meeting in Canada next week. —Well, you’d better take a with you, or you may easily get lost. A. photo B. stamp C. map D. postcard ( A )7. (2017安徽) The New Silk Road will offer a good for more nations to communicate. A. chance B. habit C. question D. price ( B )8. (2017山西) You should look into his eyes when you talk to somebody. It shows your . A. shyness B. politeness C. quietness D. rudeness ( C )9. (2017南京) —I go swimming every day. —Wow! That’s a good . It keeps you healthy. A. match B. task C. habit D. dream ( C )10. (2017武汉) —I wonder if you’ve made a decision on the project, Eric. —Not yet. I can’t make it until I have first-hand on prices. A. news B. knowledge C. information D. education ( B )11. (2017哈尔滨) During the Spring Festival, people in Northern China usually eat as a traditional Chinese food. A. pizza B. dumplings C. hamburgers D. bread ( C )12. (2017苏州)—Shall we go on Friday or Saturday? —Either day is OK. It makes no to me. A. choice B. change C. difference D. decision ( B )(2017孝感)13. Computers are very useful. They can help us get much on the Internet. A. games B. information C. courage D. messages ( C )(2017青岛) 14. Fruit is good for health, so I often have breakfast with one .

高考英语试题分类汇编阅读理解

高考英语试题分类汇编阅 读理解 RUSER redacted on the night of December 17,2020

2017年高考英语试题分类汇编——阅读理解(2016湖南) A L1PITOR

56. What is a major function of Lipitor A. To help quit smoking. B. To control blood pressure. C. To improve unhealthy diet. D. To lower "bad" cholesterol. 57. Taking Lipitor is helpful for . A. breast-feeding women B. women who are pregnant C. adults having heart disease D. teenagers with liver problems. 58. If it has been over 12 hours since you missed a dose, you should A. change the amount of your next dose B. eat more when taking your next dose C. have a dose as soon as you remember D. take the next dose at your regular time 59. Which of the following is a common side effect of taking Lipitor A. Face swelling. B. Upset stomach. C. Kidney failure. D. Muscle weakness.

2019-2020年中考历史试题分类汇编(120套)专题四:世界古代史

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2017年中考历史试卷分类汇编:经济史专题(含答案)

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图一图二河北邯郸市郊农民报名入社图三农民领取生产承包合同材料二这一时期大办公共食堂,吃饭不要钱,生产队及社员家庭的一些财产被无偿地收归公社所有,由公社统一调配。这导致了“共产风”盛行,劳动纪律废弛,农业生产受到极大破坏。 ——岳麓版八年级下册(1)图一反映的是哪一历史事件?(1分) (2)图二反映的是国家对农业的社会主义改造,改造中采取的主要方式是什么?(1分)(3)材料二反映了探索建设社会主义道路中出现的哪一失误?(1分) (4)图三契合了我国哪次重要会议的精神?随后,在中央的指导下,农村实行了什么制度?(2分) (5)哪个地方的农民率先进行农业生产责任制的尝试,实行包产到户?(1分) 25.(6分)(1)土地改革;(1分)(2)农业生产合作社;(1分)(3)人民公社化运动;(1分)(4)十一届三中全会;家庭联产承包责任制;(2分)(5)安徽风阳小岗村。(1分) ◆(2017·湖北荆门)30.(6分)近现代以来,中国人民为实现国家富强,不断的进行探索与实践。阅读下列材料,回答问题。 材料一李鸿章在上海联合洋枪队镇压太平军时感叹,西方国家“大炮之精绝,子弹之细巧,器械之显明……实非中国所能及”,主张“外交和好,内要自强”。 ——摘编自《中国历史》八年级上册教材材料二 1953~ 工业生产发展情况中国英国美国 工业生产年平均增长速度18% 4.1% 2.8% 增长400万吨钢所用时间5年24年15年 ——数据组编自《中国历史》八年级下册教材材料三到1956年底,全国加入农业合作社的农户占农户总数的96.3%,加入手工业合作社的人数占手工业者总数的91.7%;全国私营工业人数的99%、私营商业人数的8%。实现了全行业的公私合营。 ——摘编自《中国历史》八年级下册教材材料四改革开放以来发展情况简表 时间1979年1989年1997年 深圳国内生产总值 1.96亿元93亿元1130.01亿元 时间1992年2002年2010年 我国国内生产总值20370亿元102398亿元421368亿元 我国进出口(2001年)总额5098亿美元,外汇储备2000亿美元 (1)结合材料一和所学知识,说明李鸿章为实现“自强”做了怎样的努力?(1分)这些努力在客观上起了什么作用?(1分)

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