的教材课文，完成下列任务
速读P62
－63
Ⅰ.阅读判断
判断以下句子提供的信息是正确、错误、还是没有提及。1．Sharks are endangered just because they are a danger to humans. A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned 2．The film Ja w s made people more scared of sharks than before. A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned 3．Sharks don't see people as food，and they attack people by mistake. A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned 4．Laws have been passed to protect sharks from extinction. A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned [答案]1－4BAAC
Ⅱ.补全信息
选择正确选项填入空白处，补全所给句子提供的信息
A．that shows a shark attack
B．that sharks were bad animals
C．that attacks and kills swimmers
D．that sharks don't see people as food
E．that the film Ja w s was based on
F．that his book was wrong about sharks' behaviour
Experts have proved ．
2．The film Ja w s tell of a great white shark ．
3．Peter Benchley wrote the book ．
4．In the film Ja w s you can see a scene ．
5．Many people who saw the film Ja w s believed .
6．Peter Benchley admitted ．
[答案]1－6DCEABF
Ⅲ.表格填空
People's fear of sharks
●People have been always been 1.scared of sharks.
●The film Ja w s tells the story of a great white shark that
2.attacks and kills swimmers.
●The film strengthened people's long-held idea of the great
white shark as 3.a dangerous animal.
●Some people stopped 4.swimming in the sea while others
started 5.fishing for sharks.
People's cruelty to
sharks
●Finning is a type of fishing where sharks are caught and
their fins 6.cut off.
People's awareness of
protecting sharks
●Peter Benchley admitted that his book 7.was wrong about
sharks and fought to protect them.
●Experts have proved that sharks don't 8.see people as
food ，and they attack us by mistake.
●Some people became interested in 9.understanding
sharks，and more people want to 10.protect them from
extinction.
细读教材P62
－63
中材料，完成下列任务
Ⅰ.主旨匹配
1．Para.1A．The film Ja w s made people more
frightened of sharks.
2．Para.2 B．Finning，a cruel way people treat
sharks.
3．Para.3 C．More people want to protect
sharks from extinction.
4．Para.4 D．Brief introduction of the film
Ja w s.
5．Para.5 E．Finning had a great effect on Peter
Benchley.
[答案]1－5DABEC
Ⅱ.单项选择
1．Why is the film Ja w s mentioned in this passage?
A．Because the film is mainly about sharks.
B．Because the film is based on a real person.
C．Because the film has a great effect on sharks.
D．Because the film won many rewards.
2．Why does the number of large sharks decrease quickly?
A．Because large sharks were finned.
B．Because people were afraid of them.
C．Because people were tired of them.
D．Because the environment was destroyed.
3．What is true about Peter Benchley?
A．He made the film Ja w s.
B．He played a part in the film Ja w s.
C．He was a volunteer to protect sharks.
D．He wrote a book about sharks.
4．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．The film Ja w s was a great success.
B．Sharks looking dangerous are endangered.
C．The reason why the number of sharks are decreasing.
D．The ways to protect the sharks.
[答案]1－4CADB
Ⅲ.概要写作微技能(三)——衔接与连贯
阅读课文中含有衔接词的语句。
①People have always been scared of sharks，but Ja w s made things worse.
②At that time，nobody cared if sharks were killed，or how many were killed.
③This was not only due to fear of sharks，but also finning.
④In 1980，Benchley was diving when he came across an awful sight.
PUZZLES IN GEOGRAPHY 地理之谜 人们也许觉得奇怪，为什么用来描述英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰和北爱尔兰这四个国家的词语不太一样。但如果你学过英国历史，就能弄清楚这个问题。 首先是英格兰。威尔士于13世纪同英格兰联合了起来。如今只要有人提起英格兰，你就会发现威尔士总是包括在内的。接着，英格兰、威尔士同苏格兰于17世纪联合了起来，名字就改成了“大不列颠”。令人庆幸的是，当苏格兰的詹姆斯国王成为英格兰和威尔士的国王时，这三个国家和平地实现了联合。最后，英国政府打算于20世纪初把爱尔兰也同另外三个国家和平联合起来以形成联合王国。然而，爱尔兰的南部却不愿组建联合王国，它分离出去，并建立了自己的政府。因此只有北爱尔兰同英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰联合起来，而组成了联合王国，这一点从新的联合王国国旗上就可以看得出来。 值得赞扬的是，这四个国家的确在一些方面共同合作，例如在货币和国际关系方面;但是有些制度仍然区别很大。例如，北爱尔兰、英格兰和苏格兰在教育体制和立法体制上都存在着差异。在参加像世界杯之类的比赛时，它们有着各自的足球队。在这四个国家中，英格兰是最大的。为了方便起见，它大致可以划分为三个地区。最靠近法国的那个地区叫做英格兰南部，中部地区叫做英格兰中部，最靠近苏格兰的那个地区叫做英格兰北部。你可以看到英国的大部分人口聚居在南部，而多数大工业城市都位于中部和北部。尽管，英国任何一个城市都不像中国的城市那样大，但是他们都有着自己的享有威名的足球队，有的城市甚至还有两个队。很遗憾，这些建于19世纪的工业城市对游客并没有吸引力。要找历史性建筑你得去更古老的、比较小些的由古罗马人建造的城镇。在那儿你才可能找到更多的有关英国历史和文化的东西。 最具历史意义的宝地是伦敦。那儿有博物馆，有艺术珍品、剧院、公园和各种建筑物。它是全国的政治中心。它有公元一世纪由罗马人建造的最古老的港口，有由盎格鲁——撒
《Unit 1 Art》 一、单词拼写（须用本单元的单词和词汇） 1. The word “honesty” is an a____________ noun. 2. Which do you like better, his paintings or s______________? 3. There are many art g_____________ in New York. 4. They are put on an e______________ of French paintings next week. 5. An a________________ country is always ready to start a war 6. His a_______ is to be a successful writer. 7. You’ll soon be c____________ that she is right , though you think not now. 8. The prisoners a___________ to escape, but failed. 9. The keys are in the p________________ of the boss. 10. She was the f__________ of everyone’s attention at the party. 11. In the picture the tree is the s______________ of live while the snake stands for evil. 12. He has lost his b____________ in the God. 13. The expert p________ that there will be an earthquake in that area in the near future. 14. He made a r__________ drawing of a horse. (他画了一匹栩栩如生的马) 15. I’m afraid I have never been much of a ________________(学者). 16. You look r_______________ (可笑的)in those tight jeans. 17. The professor made a ______________ speech. ( 可能引起争议的) 18. Was Johnson _________ （同时代的）with Shakespeare ? 19. Would you please let me know your p_______________ address( 固定地址 ) ? 二、短语翻译 1.抽象地，理论上从……中提取…… 2.也，同，和；同……一样 3. 瞄准意欲，企图做某事 带有……的目的
必修五课文原文翻译 unit 1约翰·斯诺战胜“霍乱王” 约翰·斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生——他的确医术精湛，以至于成了照料维多利亚女王的私人医生。但当他一想到要帮助(那些)得了霍乱的普通百姓时，就感到很受鼓舞。霍乱在当时是最致命的疾病。人们既不知道它的病因，也不懂如何治疗。每次爆发霍乱时就有成千上万惊恐的人病死。约翰·斯诺想面对这一挑战，解决这一问题。他知道在找到病源之前，霍乱疫情是无法控制的。 他对霍乱致人死地的两种推测产生了兴趣。第一种看法是霍乱病毒在空气中繁殖，像一股危险气体在空中到处漂浮，直到找到病毒的受害人。第二种看法是人们是在吃饭时把这种病毒引入体内的。病毒从胃部开始迅速殃及全身，患者就会很快地死去。 约翰·斯诺推测第二种说法是正确的，但需要有证据。因此在1854年伦敦再次爆发霍乱时，他就着手准备对此调研。当霍乱在贫民区迅速蔓延时，约翰·斯诺开始搜集信息。他发现特别在两条街上霍乱流行得很严重，以至于10天内就有500多人死亡。他决心查清原因。 他首先在地图上标注出所有死者曾住过的确切地点。该图提供了一条说明霍乱起因的很有价值的线索。许多死者都住在布洛德街上的水泵附近(尤其是这条街上的16、37、38和40号)。他还发现有些住户(如布洛德街20号和21号及剑桥街8号和9号)却无人死亡。他未预料到这种情况，于是他做了进一步调查。他发现这些人是在剑桥街7号的酒馆里打工。酒馆为他们供应免费啤酒，因此他们没喝布洛德街水泵里的水。看来水是罪魁祸首。 接下来，约翰·斯诺调查了这两条街上的水源。他发现水来自于河里，这条河被伦敦排出的脏水污染了。约翰·斯诺立即告诉布洛德街上惊慌失措的人们拆掉水泵的把手，这样水泵就用不成了。不久，疫情就开始得到缓解。他证明了霍乱是通过细菌传播而非气团传播。 在伦敦的另一地区，他从另外两例与布洛德街疾病爆发有关的死亡病例中得到了有力的证据。一个妇女，从布洛德街搬走了，但她非常喜欢水泵的水，她让人每天从水泵给她家送水。她和她的女儿在喝了这些水后，都死于霍乱。利用这个额外证据，约翰·斯诺就可以很有把握地宣布污染水携带病菌。 为防止这种情况再度发生，约翰·斯诺建议，所有水源都要经过检测。供水公司也得到指示再也不能让人们接触污染水了。“霍乱王”终于被击败了。
Unit 2. The United Kingdom PUZZLES IN GEOGRAPHY People may wonder（=want to know/ be surprised）why different words are used(主动如何表达) to describe these four countries:
England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. You can clarify this question (means: the question will be clear if…) if you study British history. First there was England. Wales was linked to it in the thirteenth century. Now when people refer to (=mention) England you
find (that) Wales (is) included as well. Next England and Wales were joined to Scotland in the seventeenth century and the name was changed to "Great Britain". Happily this was accomplished without conflict (peacefully/in a peaceful way) when King James of
UNIT1 Ⅰ.重点单词 1．______________ adj.抽象的；深奥的n．摘要 2．______________n．雕塑 3．______________ n．目标；目的v i.& v t.瞄准；(向某方向)努力 4．______________ adj.卓越的；杰出的；极好的 5．______________n．技术；方法；技能 6．______________ n．巧合(的事)；(事情、口味、故事等)相合 7．______________ n．阴影；影子 8．______________ adj.荒谬的；可笑的 9．______________ adj.争论的；争议的 10．______________n．努力；尝试；企图v t.尝试；企图 11．______________ n．信任；信心；信念→______________ adj.忠诚的→______________ad v.忠实地① 12．______________adj.常规的；传统的；因循守旧的→______________ n．传统② 13．______________ adj.典型的；有代表性的→______________ n．类型 14．______________ adj.明显的；明白的→______________ n．证据③ 15．______________ v t.采用；采纳；收养→______________n．采用；收养④ 16．______________v t.拥有；具有；支配→______________n．拥有；(尤作复数)所有17．______________ v t.预言；预告；预测→______________ n．预告；预言 Ⅱ.核心短语 1．______________ 巧合地 2．______________ 大量 3．_____________ _ (可是)另一方面 4．_____________ _以一种更加现实的方式 5．____________ __ 集中精力于…… 6．____________ _ _导致；通向；通往 7．_____________ _ 逃脱；摆脱；脱离 Ⅰ.重点单词 1．______________ adj.确切的；特定的 2．______________n．画像；身材；数字 3．______________ v t.雕刻；刻记 4．______________ adj.脆弱的；容易生病的；精致的
必修五Unit 2 PUZZLES IN GEOGRAPHY地理之谜 unite vi. &vt.联合；团结 the United Kingdom联合王国（英）consist vi.组成；一致 consist of 由…组成 divide …into…把…分成 puzzle n.难题；迷vt.使迷惑debate vi. & n. 争论；辩论clarify vt.澄清；阐明 break away (from)挣脱（束缚）；脱离the Union Jack英国国旗 relation n.关系；联系educational adj.教育的 legal adj.法律的；合法的convenience n.便利；方便roughly adv.粗略地；粗糙地Midlands 英格兰中部地区Industrial adj.工业的；产业的historical adj.历史上的；有关历史的 attraction n.吸引；吸引力；吸引人的 事物 collection n.收藏品；珍藏；收集 construct vt.建造；构造；创立 influence vt.影响；改变n. Viking n.北欧海盗 leave out 省去；遗漏；不考虑 project n.科研学习项目；课题；计划； 工程 take the place of代替 break down (机器)损坏；破坏 arrange vt.筹备；安排；整理 wedding n.婚礼 fold vt.折叠；对折 sightseeing n.观光；游览 available adj.可利用的；有用的 delight n.快乐；高兴；喜悦 royal adj.王室的；皇家的 occasion n.场合；时刻；时机 uniform n.制服 splendid adj.壮丽的；辉煌的；极好的 statue n.塑像；雕像 longitude n.经线；经度 navigation n.导航；航行 communism n.共产主义 original adj.最初的；原始的； thrill vt.使激动；使胆战心惊 unfair adj.不公平的；违反规划的 smart adj.漂亮的；时髦的；聪明的 tense n.时态 consistent adj.一致的 error n.错误；过失；谬误 pot n.罐；壶 People may wonder why different words are used to describe these four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.人们也许会奇怪：为 什么用不同的词汇来描述这四个国家：英国、威尔士、苏格兰和北爱尔兰。【注释： ①wonder v.tr.（及物动词）To feel curiosity or be in doubt about:感到好奇或怀疑： eg. He wondered why people built ugly homes, when they could have beautiful ones.他 很奇怪为什么人们本可以造出漂亮的房屋,而偏偏建造出丑陋的房子来。n. It's a wonder难得；奇怪的是eg. It's a wonder you recognized me.难得你还认得我。 (2)(It's) no wonder难怪；并不奇怪；当然eg. No wonder he is not hungry; he has been eating sweets all day.难怪他不饿，他整天在吃糖果。②use sth. to do …用…做…; eg. You’d better use a stick to stir the paint. 你最好用棒来搅漆。】You can clarify this question if you study British history.如果你研究英国历史，就能阐明这个问题。【注释：clarify:解释；澄清；阐明eg. The government has time and again clarified its position on equal pay for women?政府已经反复阐明政府对男女同工同酬的立场。】First there was England.首先有英格兰。Wales was linked to it in the thirteenth century.13世纪，威尔士加入进来。【注释：link vt., vi.（常与together, to, with连用）连接eg. The two towns are linked by a railway.这两个城镇由一条铁路连接起来。(2)挽着;（与on, to, in to连用）联合】Now when people refer to England, you find Wales included as well.现在，当人们谈到英格兰，你就会发现威尔士也包括进来。【注释：①refer to谈到；speak of, mention这三个词均表示“谈到；说起”，其主语均为“sb.”，而come to表示“谈到”讲时，仅用于句型“when it comes to sb./ sth.” “当一谈到…”试题： When it ___ music, Kate is always excited. A.refers to B. speaks of C. mentions D. comes to ②as well也，倒不如, 还是...的好，最好...还是(It will be as well to stop that young screamer. 但是最好还是让那个大哭大叫的孩子住声。)】Next England and Wales were joined to Scotland in the seventeenth century and the name was changed to "Great Britain". 接下来，在17世纪，英格兰和威尔士加入到苏格兰，名字改为“大英帝国”。【注释：be joined : To put or bring into close association or relationship:使结合，缔交：使…结合或联合形成密切联系或关系eg. they were joined by marriage;.他们结成夫妻；】Happily
必修五Unit 1 Great Scientists 伟大的科学家I．V ocabulary steam engine 蒸汽机characteristic n.特征；特性radium n.镭 put forward 提出 theory n。理论；学说 infect vt.传染；感染 infectious adj.传染的 cholera n.霍乱 scientific adj.科学的 examine vt.检查；诊察；考察conclude vt. & vi.结束；结论；议定conclusion n.结论；结束；议定draw a conclusion得出结论analyse vt.分析 repeat vi & vt.重复；重做n. defeat vt. N.打败；战胜；使受挫attend vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加expose vt.(与to连用)暴露；揭露； 使曝光 deadly adj.致命的 cure n. vt.治愈；痊愈；治疗outbreak n.爆发；发作（疾病或战争）control vt.& n.控制；支配 absorb vt.吸收；使专心 severe adj.严重的；严厉的；严格 的；剧烈的 valuable adj.贵重的；有价值的 clue n.线索；提示 pump n.泵；抽水机 pub n.酒馆；酒吧 blame vt.责备；谴责；把…归咎于； n.过失；责备 immediately adv.立即；马上 handle n.柄；把手；vt.处理 germ n.微生物；细菌 addition n.加；增加；加法 in addition也；另外 link vt.连接；联系n.联系；环 link…to…将…和…连接或联系起来 announce vt.宣布；通告 certainty n.确知；确信；确实 instruct vt.命令；指示；教导 virus n.病毒 construction n.建设；结构；建筑物 apart from 除…之外；此外 creative adj.有创造力的；独创的 co-operative adj.合作的 positive adj.积极的；肯定的 be strict with对…严格的 revolutionary adj.革命的 calculation n.计算；计算结果 lead to通向；导致 movement n。移动；运动；动作 make sense有意义 backward adv. & adj.向后地 （的）；相反地（的）；退步地（的） loop n.圈；环 complete adj.完整的；完成的 privately adv.私下地；秘密地 spin vi. & vt.(使)旋转；纺（线） brightness n.明亮；亮度；聪颖 enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的 cautious adj.小心的；谨慎的 reject vt.拒绝；不接受；丢弃 point of view态度；观点；看法 logical adj.和逻辑的；合乎常理的 II．Reading JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA” John Snow was a well-known doctor in London —so famous, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria to ease the birth of her babies.约翰斯诺在伦敦 是一位著名的医生，的确，如此出名以致于由他护理维多利亚女王生孩子。【注释： attend v.出席；到场；注意；照看attend to处理；注意倾听；专心于；照料；attend school/ class/ church/ a wedding/ a meeting/ a lecture/ a movie; attend on/ upon sb.伺候某 人；照顾某人；eg. 1) I’ll attend to the matter.我来处理此事。2) He was very tired after the long run, and expected someboday to attend on him.长袍之后他感到非常疲劳，很想有 个人来照顾自己一下。▲辨析：attend, join, join in, take part in(1) attend是 正式用语，一般指参加会议、典礼、婚礼、葬礼及去听课、听报告等；（2）join指加入某党派、某组织、某社会团体以及参军等，如：He joined the football club two years ago. (3) join in通常指参加某种活动，尤其指其他人一起参加某项活动，如：I hope you’ll all join in the discussion. (4) take part in指参加群众性活动、会议、劳动、游行等，往往参加者持有积极地态度，并起到一定的作用，有时可与join in互换，如：Will you take part in the English evening? 试题： ——Who is ______ the patient? ——Maybe his sister. A. taking care B. looking for C. joining in D. attending on】 But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.但当他想到要帮助受霍乱侵扰的普通民众，他就感到受到激励（或感受到神灵的召唤）。【注释：①inspire(1)影响或触动：eg. The falling leaves inspired her with sadness.落叶触动了她的伤感. (2) 鼓励；激励eg. 1) inspire sb. with hope激起某人的希望2) I was inspired to work harder than ever before.我受激励比以往任何
选修6 unit1 Art Exercise(1) 1．The author was required to submit an ____of about 200 words together with his research paper. A. edition B. editorial C. article D. abstract 2．He will not steal my money ;I have _______ in him. A. credit B. trust C. faith D. fame 3．It rained that day and _______ the baseball game was called off. A. however B. still C. consequently D. so 4．The project _______ helping young unemployed people. A.aims at B.is aimed at C.aims to D.for the purpose of 5．The workers worked day and night , _______ finishing the task on time. A.aimed at B.aiming to C.aiming at D.aimed to 6．I wish you weren't so _______ in the clothes you wear .After all, you are just twenty years old. A.controversial B.conventional C.traditional D.typical 7．It is _______ of him to be so gentle just like a girl. A.traditional B.typical C.technical D.tolerable 8．She has a large collection of CDs .It is _______ to everyone that she loves music. A.obvious B.apparent C.evident D.clear 9．Our school has ___ a new teaching method to meet the requirement of the students. A.adapted B.adopted C.adjusted D.advanced 10．A sense of fear _______ him as he walked into the old house. A.had B.owed C.possessed D.possession 11．Before leaving the country ,you must be in _______ of a valid passport. A.provide B.possession C.core https://www.doczj.com/doc/306625775.html,bel 12．You can't legally take _______ of the property until three weeks after the contract is signed. A.charge B.advantage C.control D.possession 13．The_______ of automatic control is widely used in modern economic society. A.technology B.technique C.telegraph D.telegram 14．Modern agriculture depend on high_______ as well as traditional methods. A.technique B.skill C.technology D.telegram 15．It took many hours to_______ the court of his guilt. A.believe B.ensure C.convince D.persuade 16．He couldn't_______ his father that John was telling the truth. A.convince B.believe C.admit D.persuade 17．_ ,my deskmate and I were born on the same day and same year ,so we have a lot in common. A.By accident B.By chance C.By coincidence D.By no means 18．I have learned_______ from my visit here, so the city is well worth visiting. A.a great many B.a great deal C.a great deal of D.a bit 19．With more forests being destroyed,huge quantities of good earth _______ each year. A.is washing away B.is being washed away C.are washing away D.are being washed away 20．_______ people were killed in the earthquake in Sichuan. A.A large number B.A great many C.A great deal of D.A large quantity of
英语必修五第二单元课文翻译 Unit 2 The United Kingdom Reading PUZZLES IN GEOGRAPHY People may wonder why different words are used to describe these four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. You can clarify this question if you study British history. 人们可能会奇怪为什么用不同的词语来描述英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰和北爱尔兰这四个国家。如果你研究英国的历史，你就能够弄明白这个问题。 First there was England. Wales was linked to it in the thirteenth century. Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well. Next England and Wales were joined to Scotland in the seventeenth century and the name was changed to "Great Britain". Happily this was accomplished without conflict when King James of Scotland became King of England and Wales as well. Finally the English government tried in the early twentieth century to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful way. However, the southern part of Ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own government. So only Northern Ireland joined with England, Wales and Scotland to become the United Kingdom and this was shown to the world in a new flag called the Union Jack.
选修六 Unit 1 △realistic adj. 现实主义的；逼真的； 现实的 abstract adj. 抽象的；深奥的 n. 摘要 sculpture n. 雕塑 △sculptor n. 雕刻家；雕塑家 gallery n. 美术陈列室；画廊 faith n. 信任；信心；信念 faithfully adv. 忠实地 △consequently adv. 所以；因而 aim n. 目标；目的 vi. & vt. 瞄准；（向某方向）努力 conventional adj. 常规的；传统的； 因循守旧的 typical adj. 典型的；有代表性的 evident adj. 明显的；明白的 △Giotto di Bondone 乔托（意大利画家、雕刻家、建筑师）△renaissance n. 新生；复兴；复活 △the Renaissance 文艺复兴（时期） adopt vt. 采用；采纳；收养 △humanistic adj. 人道主义的 possess vt. 拥有；具有；支配 possession n. （尤作复数）所有； 财产
superb adj. 卓越的；杰出的； 极好的 △perspective n. 透视画法；透视图； 观点 technique n. 技术；方法；技能 △Masaccio 马萨乔（意大利画家） coincidence n. 巧合（的事）；（事情、口味、故事等）相合 by coincidence 巧合地 △masterpiece n. 杰作；名著 △impressionism n. 印象主义； 印象派 △impressionist adj. 印象派的 n. 印象派艺术家 △post-impressionist adj. 后印象派的 n. 后印象派艺术家 a great deal 大量 shadow n. 阴影；影子 ridiculous adj. 荒谬的；可笑的 controversial adj. 争论的；争议的 attempt n. 努力；尝试；企图 vt. 尝试；企图 on the other hand (可是)另一方面 predict vt. 预言；预告；预测 △landscape n. 风景；景色 specific adj. 确切的；特定的 figure n. 画像；身材；数字 clay n. 黏土
约翰·斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生----他的确医术精湛，因而成为照料维多利亚女皇的私人医生。但当他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通百姓时，他就感到很振奋。霍乱在当时是最致命的疾病，人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。每次爆发霍乱时，就有大批惊恐的老百姓病死。约翰斯诺想面对这个挑战，解决这个问题。他知道，在找到病源之前，霍乱疫情是无法控制的。 斯诺对霍乱致人死地的两种推测都很感兴趣。一种看法是霍乱病毒在空气中繁殖着，像一股危险的气体到处漂浮，直到找到病毒的受害者为止。第二种看法是在吃饭的时候人们把这种病毒引入人体内的。病从胃里发作而迅速殃及全身，患者就会很快地死去。 斯诺推测第二种说法是正确的，但是他需要证据。因此，在1854年伦敦再次爆发霍乱的时候，约翰斯诺着手准备对此进行调研。当霍乱在贫民区迅速蔓延的时候，斯诺就开始收集材料。他发现特别在两条街道上霍乱流行的很严重，在10天之内就死去了500多人。他决心要查明其原因。 首先，他在一张地图上标明了所有死者住过的地方。这提供了一条说明霍乱起因的很有价值的线索。许多死者是住在宽街的水泵附近（特别是这条街上16、37、38、40号）。他发现有些住宅（如宽街上20号和21号以及剑桥街上的8号和9号）却无人死亡。他以前没料到这种情况，所以他决定深入调查。他发现，这些人都在剑桥街7号的酒馆里打工，而酒馆为他们免费提供啤酒喝，因此他们没有喝从宽街水泵抽上来的水。看来水是罪魁祸首。 接下来，斯诺调查了这两条街的水源情况。他发现，水是从河里来的，而河水被伦敦排出的脏水污染了。他马上叫宽街上惊慌失措的老百姓拆掉水泵的把手。这样，水泵就用不成了。不久，疫情就开始得到缓解。他证明了，霍乱是由病菌而不是由气团传播的。 在伦敦的另一个地区，他从两个与宽街爆发的霍乱有关联的死亡病例中发现了有力的证据。有一位妇女是从宽街搬过来的，她特别喜欢那里的水，每天都要派人从水泵打水运到家里来。她和她的女儿喝了这种水，都得了霍乱而死去。有了这个特别的证据，斯诺就能够肯定地宣布，这种被污染了的水携带着病菌。 为了防止这种情况的再度发生，斯诺建议所有水源都要经过检测。自来水公司也接到指令，不能再让人们接触被污染的水了。最终，“霍乱王”被击败了。
课文理解-Unit2 Using Language阅读训练 一、阅读理解(根据课文内容选择正确答案） 1. Why did Zhang Pingyu make a list of the sites before visiting London? A. Because she was worried about the time available. B.Because she wanted to visit more places. C.Because she was afraid of being lost. D.Because she liked London so much. 1.Which is wrong about the Tower of London? A.It was built of stone. B.It was built by the Norman invaders. C.It was built in AD 1066. D.It had remained standing for several thousand years. 3. When can the visitors see the royal soldiers wearing the four-hundred-year-old uniform of the time of Queen Elizabeth I? A. Anytime you visit the Tower of London. B. Only on special occasions. C. Sometime on Sunday. D. The time when the Queen is in high spirits. 4. What interested Zhang Pingyu most when she visited Greenwich? A. The old ships. B. The famous clock. C. The longitude line. D. Big Ben. 5. The passage is mainly about . A. the history of London. B. some places of interest in London. C. the details of Pingyu’ trip.. D. a brief introduction to London.
-必修5 Unit 2 The United Kingdom Reading PUZZLES IN GEOGRAPHY People may wonder why different words are used to describe these four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. You can clarify this question if you study British history. First there was England. Wales was linked to it in the thirteenth century. Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well. Next England and Wales were joined to Scotland in the seventeenth century and the name was changed to "Great Britain". Happily this was accomplished without conflict when King James of Scotland became King of England and Wales as well. Finally the English government tried in the early twentieth century to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful way. However, the southern part of Ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own government. So only Northern Ireland joined with England, Wales and Scotland to become the United Kingdom and this was shown to the world in a new flag called the Union Jack. To their credit the four countries do work together in some areas (eg, the currency and international relations), but they still have very different institutions. For example, Northern Ireland, England and Scotland have different educational and legal systems as well as different football teams for competitions like the World Cup! England is the largest of the four countries, and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones. The zone nearest France is called the South of England, the middle zone is called the Midlands and the one nearest to Scotland is known as the North. You find most of the population