2019-2020学年中考英语语法备考秘籍—定语从句 【知识方法】 先行词：名词或代词 定语从句 关系代词 关系词 关系副词 【知识清单】 定语从句 知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！ 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句放在先行词后面。定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。本章只介绍限定性定语从句。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that、which、who、which、whose和关系副词where 、when，关系代词和关系副词是引导词，在定语从句中担当某一成份。 关系代词、副词作用先行词例句 that，who，whom(只做宾语) 主语 宾语 表语 人Do you know the girl who／that is standing under a tree? 你知道站在树下的女孩是谁吗?
that，which 主语 宾语 表语物、时间、 地 点、原因 She got a computer which／that her parents bought for her． 她有一台她的父母买给她的电脑。 whose 定语人物The boy whose father is a doctor studies very hard． 他的爸爸是医生的男孩学习非常刻苦。 The classroom whose window is open is mine． 窗户开着的那个教室是我的教室。 when 状语时间I still remember the day when you leave for Beijing． 我仍然记得你去北京的那一天。 where 状语地点This is the school where my mother works． 这就是我妈妈工作的学校。 why 状语原因 Could you explain the reason why you were late?你 能解释一下你迟到的原因吗? 二、关系代词在定语从句中的用法(关系代词作宾语时可省略)： 1．that指人或物，在定语从句中可作主语或宾语。 This is the pen that you are looking for. The girl that has long hair is my sister. 2．which指物，在定语从句中可作主语或宾语。 The bike which is made in Tianjin sells well. The fish which we bought were not fresh. 3．who, whom指人，在定语从句中可作主语或宾语。 The boy who broke the window is called Tom. The person to whom he is talking is my father.正在和他谈话的那个人是我父亲。(宾语) 4．whose指人或物，在定语从句中作定语。 The girl whose bag is new is called Ann.新书包的那个女孩叫Ann。(指人)
黑龙江省牡丹江市2020年小升初英语专题复习（语法专练）：代词A卷 姓名:________ 班级:________ 成绩:________ 小朋友，带上你一段时间的学习成果，一起来做个自我检测吧，相信你一定是最棒的！ 一、单选题 (共50题；共100分) 1. （2分） (2019四上·广州期末) Do you want ___________ else? A . anything B . something C . nothing 2. （2分） One day,robots will do _______. （） A . anything B . everything C . something 3. （2分）—Zoom! face. —Oh,no! A . I B . you C . your 4. （2分） _________ name is Peter. A . My B . I C . I'm 5. （2分） I like _________. Do you like _________? A . kites;it B . kites;them C . kite;them D . kites;they 6. （2分）(2019五上·龙岗期中) Jill,Amy and I are good friends. We _______________ like _______________ football. A . both;play
C . all;playing 7. （2分） This ________ a dog. A . is B . are C . am 8. （2分） Look at ____ pigs,five pigs. A . this B . these C . that 9. （2分） What's name? A . you B . your C . I 10. （2分） My teacher is Ms Lin. ___________is old. A . She B . He C . My 11. （2分）(2011·广州模拟) Is there in the book? A . special something B . something special C . special anything D . anything special 12. （2分）—Do you like the same sports， Alex and Danny?—Yes,we _______ like football and basketball. A . each B . both C . all 13. （2分）—Can Lingling play football? —Yes,_____can. A . I B . he
2019高三英语语法讲解-专项10形容词和副词 一.概念 形容词是用来修饰,描述名词或代词的词,主要用作定语,表语和补足语等. 副词是用来修饰动词,形容词,其化副词,介词短语或全句的词. 二.要点精讲 1.形容词及其用法 1〕直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词，它有级的变化，可以用程度副词修饰，在句中可作定语、表语和补语。例如：hot。 2〕表达形容词只能作表语，所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化，也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如：afraid害怕的。 这类词还有：well，unwell，ill，faint，afraid，alike，alive，alone，asleep，awake等。 3〕形容词作定语修饰名词时，要放在名词的前边。但是如果形容词修饰以-thing 为字尾的词语时，要放在这些词之后。例如：somethingnice. 3.用形容词表示类别和整体 1〕某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人，与谓语动词的复数连接，如thedead，theliving，therich，thepoor，theblind，thehungry等。例如：Thepoorarelosinghope.穷人行将失去希望。 2〕Onedaytheycrossedthe____bridgebehindthepalace. A.oldChinesestone B.Chineseoldstone C.oldstoneChinese D.Chinesestoneold
Wecouldseeveryclearlyastrangelightaheadofus.我们清楚地看到前面有奇怪的光。 b.方式副词well，badly，hard等只放在句尾。例如：HespeaksEnglishwell.他英语说得好。 6.副词的排列顺序： 1〕时间，地点副词，小单位的在前，大单位在后。 2〕方式副词，短的在前，长的在后，并用and或but等连词连接。例如：Pleasewriteslowlyandcarefully.请写得慢一些，仔细一些 3〕多个不同副词排列：程度+地点+方式+时间副词。 注意：副词very可以修饰形容词，但不能修饰动词。 改错：〔错〕IverylikeEnglish. 〔对〕IlikeEnglishverymuch. 注意：副词enough要放在形容词的后面，形容词enough放在名词前后都可。例如： Idon'tknowhimwellenough.他我不熟悉。Thereisenoughfoodforeveryonetoeat.有足够的食物供每个人吃。Thereisfoodenoughforeveryonetoeat. 7.兼有两种形式的副词 1〕close与closely close意思是“近”；closely意思是“仔细地”。例如：Heissittingclosetome.他就坐在我边上。 Watchhimclosely.盯着他。 2〕late与lately late意思是“晚”；lately意思是“最近”。例如： Youhavecometoolate.你来得太晚了。 Whathaveyoubeendoinglately?近来好吗? 3〕deep与deeply deep意思是“深”，表示空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度，"深深
2019年中考英语冠词语法专题训练 (名师精选必考题+实战真题，值得下载练习) 语法综合演练 Ⅰ.用适当的冠词填空,不需填的画“/” 1.Every morning he spends hour doing exercise, and then he go e s to work. 2.—Have you seen movie OperationRedSea? —Yes. This is educational film and it has become one of most popular films in the world. 3.Peter, honest boy, visited European country last summer. 4.There will be talk on good manners at the school hall this afternoon. 5.higher the mountain is, thinner the air is. 6.—Do the twins look the same? —No. Jane is taller of them. 7.—Loo k at skirt. I bought it for my mother on Mother’s Day. —What nice skirt! 8.—Who is boy in red? —He is friend of Tom’s. He plays piano very well. 9.The novel is so interesting that he wants to read it second time. 10.Which is bigger, sun or earth? 11.Blacks are planning to go on vacation. 12.Beijing, capital of China,has long history. 13.He took the medicine three times day after meals according to the instructions. 14.Mary usually goes to work by bike, but this morning she took taxi to school. 15.best student in my class was ill in hospital. Ⅱ.语法填空 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个恰当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A Today, the 1.(popular) of basketball has risen around the world, with many young people
2019高三英语语法要点细讲精练：专项12情态动词 专题12情态动词 【考纲解读】 情态动词与虚拟语气有千丝万缕的联系，它们往往放在一起考查。在近年高考题中，对情态动词的考查几乎每年都有纵观近几年的高考题可以看出，高考对情态动词的考查热点依次是：〔1〕推测和可能性；〔2〕“情态动词+havedone〔3〕shall,should,can,must表示特定语气。尤其是对“情态动词+havedone”结构的考查频率较高。试题的情景设置往往生动、真实，但考查的角度趋于细微化和综合化，有效信息较为隐蔽，这就决定了情态动词题是难题之一。情态动词题每年都考，所以本专题在高考中的重要地位是显而易见的。因而在复习中应引起高度重视，且依笔者之见，来年高考中对情态动词考查的可能性依然非常大。 【知识要点】 【一】情态动词的语法特征 1. 2.情态动词除ought和have外，后面只能接不带to 3.情态动词没有人称、数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s 4.情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词等形式。 【二】情态动词的基本用法 1.比较can和beableto 1)cancould表示能力；可能(过去时用could)，只用于现在时和过去时(could)。beableto Theywillbeabletotellyouthenewssoon. 2)只用beableto 表示成功地做了某事时，只能用was/wereableto，不能用could HewasabletofleeEuropebeforethewarbrokeout. =HemanagedtofleeEuropebeforethewarbrokeout. 注意：could不表示时态，表示 提出委婉的请求〔注意在回答中不可用could〕 —CouldIhavethetelevisionon? —Yes，youcan./No，youcan’t. Hecouldn’tbeabadman. 2.比较may和might 1)表示允许或请求；表示没有把握的推测；may MayGodblessyou! Hemightbeathome. 注意：might表示推测时，不表示时态。只是可能性比may 2)may/mightaswell，后面接不带to
2019-2020学年中考英语语法备考秘籍—动词时态 【知识方法】 一般现在时：谓语动词用动词原形或第三人称单数形式 一般过去时：谓语动词用动词的过去式的形式 一般将来时：谓语动词用will/be going to +动词的原形 动词的时态 现在进行时：谓语动词用am/is/are +动词原形的形式 过去进行时：谓语动词用was/were+动词的现在分词 现在完成时：谓语动词用have/has+动词的过去分词 知识清单 动词的时态 动词的时态有很多。初中阶段主要掌握八种：一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时、过去
进行时、一般将来时、过去将来时、现在完成时、过去完成时。 知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！ 1．一般现在时 1）一般现在时态的构成：主语是I, we, you, they和名词复数时作谓语的行为动词用原形。主语是he, she , it和名词单数时，作谓语的行为动词的词尾变化如下： 一般情况＋s 以s, x, ch, sh或o结尾＋es 以辅音＋y结尾去y变i＋es 2）一般现在时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式（以be和like为例）： 主语肯定式否定式疑问式 第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数I am a student. We/You/ They are students. He/ She is a student. I / We/ You/ They/ like music. Many people like music. I am not a student. We/You/ They are not students. He/ She is not a student. I / We/ You/ They/ don’t like music. Many people don’t like music. Are you a student. Are you/ they students? Is he/ she a student? Do you/ they like music? Do many people like music? 3）一般现在时态的用法： 现阶段经常性，习惯性的动作。例如： I get up at six every morning. He plays tennis once a week. 现在的状态例如： My mother is a teacher. She teaches English in a school. 客观真理例如：
2019 小升初英语语法省略句知识点：空缺与增补 小升初英语语法省略句知识点：空缺与增补 两个主语不同的句子，谓语有相同部分，也有不同部分，如果用 连词连接起来实行对比，则其相同部分在后面分句中能够省略，这样，后 面分句中就出现“空缺”现象。“空缺” 处通常被省略的是动词， 或动词及其宾语、补足语等。汉译时不妨采用“补齐”的方法。例如： A sound must be heard ，a colour seen ，a flavour tasted ， an odour inhaled.，颜色必须目视，滋味必须口尝，气味必须鼻吸。( 后三句省略 must be) Histories make men wise；mathematic logic and rhetoric able to contend. ；数学使人精细；逻辑和修辞 使人善辩。( 原文后两句省略make men) 注意 than 引出的比较从句中，套有 when引导的时间从句或 if 引导的条 件从句，而且该比较从句中的省略部分与整个句子的主要结构一致时则 比较从句的省略部分可省略不译。例如： My uncle is better than when I wrote to 我伯父的身体比我上 次给你去信时好些了(...than 后面省略了he was) 灵活使用 对英语中一些特殊省略结构译法需灵活，指的是按正常语法规则 分析，有的无法增补，有的要用不同的方式来增补，使之成为完全句。 所以，汉译英时，视上下文加以灵活处理。 1.“宾语 +主语 +谓语 and + 谓语”结构 其中 and 连接的，是用作不同成分的同一个词，这个词既是第一分 句的宾语，又是第二分句的主语。此结构的特点是，把宾语提到句
2019年高中英语语法填空专题分类训练--名词（含详解） 1.The grand sight of Mount Huangshan is beyond__________(describe) 2.With their help and__________(encourage) , I have made rapid progressrecently. 3.These results suggested that the__________(appreciate) of music may besomething that is unique to humans. 4.Whatever she days will not make any__________(different) to our arrangements. 5.Some schools will have to make__________(adjust) in agreement with thenational soccer reform. 6.The new teacher made a good__________(impress) on the students. 7.I had to explain the reasons to satisfy his__________( curious ). 8.Fill in your address at the bottom of the__________(apply). 9.The environmentalists said the wild go at’s__________(appear) on the vastareas of grasslands was a good indication of the better environment. 10.I came up with the__________(solve) to both problems at once. 11.—Why not buy a second-hand car first if you don’t have enough money for anew one? —Th at’s a good__________(suggest) 12.To avoid__________(confuse), The teams wore different colors. 13.The head office of the bank is in Beijing, but it has__________(branch)all over the country. 14.I would appreciate it if my application could get your__________(approve). 15.Try to understand what's actually happening instead of acting on
语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 (一) (2018·浙江海宁新仓中心复习)Charlie was a special boy. When he was little, he had 1. accident, which meant he couldn't walk. But that had never been a problem for him. He had always been happy to be able to grow and become an 2. (old) boy. People called 3. Cheerful Charlie because of his happy nature and kindness to others. A young boy, known as Waterworks, was a real cryboy. No matter 4. Charlie said to him, Waterworks would always find some 5. (reason) to be sad. But Cheerful Charlie didn't give up. He spent some time with Waterworks, trying 6. (encourage) him and cheer him up. One day when the two boys 7. (walk) together in the street, someone dropped a cake from a window above, and it 8. (land) right on Charlie's head. The two boys were afraid, and although Waterworks was just to cry, he thought 9. Charlie's happy words and finally said, “Wow, Charlie, what a funny face you have！” With t hese words, Waterworks 10. (feel) so good, and finally understood why Charlie was always so happy and cheerful. (二) Did you watch the TV drama A Smile Is Beautiful in 2016? It was so popular 1. many students fell in love with the main actor，Yang Yang. Yang Yang, 26 years old, plays 2. important role in it. He plays a
中考复习之词汇运用 词汇运用题：考查学生对单词的拼写能力，以及词形变化、测试内容以实词为主，虚词为辅。 做好这类题，一般应遵循下面几个步骤：第一步读懂句意，判断词性；第二步确定词形；第三步核对答案。 名词：单数、复数、所有格、大写； 动词：时态、语态、非谓语动词形式；（一般现在时用三单；已经有动词用非谓语）形容词：原级、比较级、最高级；（“的”） 副词：原级、比较级、最高级；（“地”） 代词：不定代词、主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词、反身代词； 数词：基数词、序数词（first, second, third, fourth, fifth） 冠词：a / an / the （首次提到用a / an；特指用the） 连词：and，but，or，because，so，when，where，before，after，if… 介词：at，by，to，in，for，of，on，from，with… 中考复习之选词填空 二、选词填空解题注意事项 1.先对备选词汇的词性作简单标记，如名词(n.)、动词(v.)、形容词(adj.)、副词(adv.)等。同时对词义做初步的理解。 2.根据题意或通读全文，猜测空格中所缺的信息，注意固定搭配，根据需要去备选词 汇中寻找匹配的答案。 3.填词过程中注意词形的变化。既要符合本句的含义，又要保证句式结构的正确。为 了方便记忆，试着记住下面的顺口溜： 空前空后要注意； “名词”单复数要牢记，还有“'s”不能弃； “动词”注意要变形，“形副”注意三种级； 要填“数词”请留意，千万别忘“基”和“序”； 填入“代词”需慎重，五格变化要谨记。
2019年人教版小升初英语必考知识点大全 小升初常考题型： 一、听力 1.听句子中的单词，或者直接听单词 2.根据听到的内容选择相应的回答的句子 3.选出与听到的句子相同意思的句子 4.听短文，判断正误。 二、语音：选出与画线部分相同的读音 三、用所给词的正确形式填空 四、单项选择 五、把句子连成一段话 六、完形填空 七、根据图片内容，完成对话 八、阅读理解： 1.选出正确的答案。2，判断正误。3，回答问题。 九、改错 十、书面表达：作文 第一篇、基础知识
1.字母：26个字母的大小写 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz 2.语音：元音的发音 五个元音字母：AEIOU 12个单元音：长元音：/ɑ:/，/?:/，/?:/， /i:/，/u:/ 短元音：/?/ /e/ /i/ / ? / /∧/ /u/ /?/ 3.词汇：词汇量，近反义词 4.句子：大小写，标点符号 一、第二部分：语法知识 一.名词：名词单复数，名词的格 （一）名词单复数 1．一般情况，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives 5．不规则名词复数： man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice
题型加练四语法填空 (一) (2014·山东枣庄中考)Most of us have probably been angry with our friends, parents, or teachers. Perhaps they 1.(say) something you didn't like or you felt they 2.(be) unfair, sometimes, people 3.(stay) angry for years about a small problem. Time 4.(go) by, and good friendships may 5.(lose). When we are angry, however, we are usually 6.(affect). Perhaps we have seen young children 7.(play) together. Sometimes they 8.(have) disagreements and decide not 9.(talk) to each other. However, this usually does not last for long. This is an important lesson for us, we can solve a problem by 10.(learn) to forget. (二) (2019·原创)I think it is important 1. children to learn how to do chores and help their parents with housework. It's not enough to just get good grades at school. Too many children depend on their parents too 2.. They're always asking their parents 3.(do) everything for them. Doing chores helps to develop children's 4.(independent) and teaches them how to look after 5.(they). It also helps them to understand 6. idea of fairness. Since they live in one house with their parents, they should know that everyone should do their part in 7.(keep) it clean and tidy. Our 8.(neighbor) son couldn't look after himself during his first year in the college. He often 9.(fall) ill and his grades dropped. The earlier kids learn to be independent, 10.(good) it is for their future. (三) (2019·原创)These days, Chinese children are sometimes 1.(busy) on weekends than weekdays because they have to 2.(take) so many after-scho ol classes. However, this doesn't only happen in China. The Taylors are 3. typical American family. Life for Cathy Taylor's three children is very busy. Cathy takes one of her two boys to basketball practice and her daughter to football training 4. most days after school. Then she has to take her other son to piano 5.(lesson). Maybe she could cut out a few of their activities, but she believes these activities are important for her 6 (child) future. She 7.(real) wants them to be 8.(success). However, the tired children don't get home until after 7：00 p．m. They have a quick dinner, and then it's time for homework. Doctors say too much pressure is not good for a child's 9.(develop). Dr. Alice Green says
2019年中考英语语法填空专题训练(名师精选试题+详细解析答案，值得下载打印练习) A 请用适当的词完成下面的短文, 并把所缺单词填写在答题卡指定的位置上。每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。 Hayley Korman, a 15-year-old girl from California, US did something different last summer. Her mobile phone didn't work one day, so she decided to try and live __1__ it. She took a six-week summer travel with some friends. Hayley and ten other teenagers rode their __2__ 3, 000 miles(4, 800 km) across the States. With two college students as guides, they __3__ from a beach in Georgia on June 23.They traveled through small towns in the south, crossed rivers and climbed __4__. They made camps there. It's not __5__ to find a comfortable place to sleep. “It was to o hot in the south, and very humid, too，” Hayley said. __6__ there were such difficulties, no one left the team. “Everybody was hard-working and did everything for the group，” Hayley said, “We learned __7__ to live with other people.” They __8__ postcards and letters to their parents to tell them how it was going. They had to shop for food by themselves. They shared responsibilities(责任) and __9__ after each other. From these things, they not only trained(锻炼) __10__，but also opened up their eyes. “Sou thern people are really nice，” Hayley said. “It's a whole new world for us.” 1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________ 6．________ 7.________ 8.________ 9.________ 10.________ 【参考答案】 1.without 2.bikes 3.started4．mountains
专题八 定语从句 引导定语从句的关系代词主要有who,whom,which,that,whose 等,在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语等;关系副词主要有when,where,why 等,在定语从句中作状语。本部分知识考查的重点和难点主要集中在关系代词和关系副词的区分、whose 的运用以及“介词+关系代词”中介词和关系代词的选择上。在语法填空试题中其考查点主要表现为无提示型的填空形式。 考点一关系代词引导的定语从句 1 [2018·全国卷Ⅰ·语法填空] (节选)Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease … [试题分析] that 或which 考查定语从句的关系词。此处a study 是先行词,其在定语从句中作主语,故填that 或which 。 【考点归纳】 关系代词的使用规则 考点二关系副词引导的定语从句 2 [2017·浙江卷6月考·语法填空] (节选)…was spread over the garden , it remained until the carrot s leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it.
[试题分析] where考查定语从句。此处先行词是the garden,在从句中充当地点状语,故填where。 【考点归纳】关系副词的使用规则 【技巧点拨】 如何判断关系词 ①选用关系代词还是关系副词取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语,就必须用关系代词;而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。 ②准确判断先行词在从句中的成分(主、宾、定、表、状)才能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。如果先行词在从句中作主语、宾语、定语,选择关系代词(which,that,who,whom,whose);如果先行词在从句中作状语,选择关系副词(when,where,why)。熟练掌握每个关系词的用法是解题的关键。 考点三“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 3 Many young people,most of were well-educated,headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. [试题分析] whom句意:许多年轻人——他们之中的大部分人都受过良好的教育——前往边远地区追逐他们的梦想。该句为非限制性定语从句,先行词young people指人,故填whom作介词的宾语。 4 The newly built café,the walls of are painted light green,is really a peaceful place for us,specially after hard work. [试题分析] which句意:新建的咖啡馆的墙被涂成了浅绿色,它对我们来说真是一个安静的去处,特别是在辛勤工作之后。该句为非限制性定语从句,先行词the newly built café指物,故填which作介词的宾语。 【考点归纳】“介词+关系代词”的使用规则
2019 年中考英语语法复习：名词 名词 一、知识要点 1. 可数名词和不可数名词： 英语的名词能够分为可数名词和不可数名词。表示能够计数的事物的名词叫可数名词，一般有单数和复数形式两种形式，但有时两种形式是相同的。可数名词单数形式能够与不定冠词连用， a book（一本 书）;an apple（一个苹果）。 可数名词复数形式能够与few ，a few ，many，several 等连用， a few girls 。 不可数名词是表示不能够计数的事物的名词，不能用不定冠词a （an）或数词one 修饰，并且不分单复数，物质名词、抽象名词和专有名词一般都是不可数的，milk （牛奶）;education（教育）。 2. 可数名词的单数变为复数的规则： ①一般情况下，在可数名词的单数形式后面加字母-s构成复数形式。 book - books pen - pens eraser - erasers ②以字母x;s;ch;sh 结尾的单词，其复数形式是在单词后面加字母-es。 bus - buses box - boxes watch - watches ③以辅音字母+y结尾的可数名词，其复数形式是把字母y变为i 再加-es 。 baby - babies country-countries city - cities
注意：如果是以元音字母+y 结尾的单词则直接加字母-s。 boy - boys toy-toys ④以字母 f 或者fe 结尾的可数名词，其复数形式是先把字母 f 变为v再加-es。 wife-wives leaf-leaves knife-knives ⑤以字母o结尾的可数名词，其复数形式一般加-s，也有几个单词是加字母-es 。 photo-photos radio-radios piano- pianos 但是，tomato-tomatoes potato-potatoes ⑥特殊变化的复数形式：man/woman-men/womenchild-children foot-feet tooth teeth mouse-mice ⑦有些名词的单复数形式相同： sheep deer Chinese Japanese yuan（元）jin （斤） 注意：有些集体名词本身既表示单数意义又表示复数意义。当这些名词指代一个单位、机构或被看成一个整体时，作单数形式理解; 如果表示这个群体的所有成员，通常被看作复数。常用的这类词有： class 班级team 队（员） family 家庭/ 人government 政府group 组（员） The family is not large. 这个家庭不大。（指家庭这个整体） The family are all music lovers. 这个家人都是音乐爱好者。（指家庭中的成员）