高考英语语法专题复习含答案
一、冠词The Article
知识要点：
冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义。冠词分不定冠词（The Indefinite Article）和定冠词（The definite Article）两种。a (an) 是不定冠词，a用在辅音之前：如a book, a man; an用在元音之前，如：an old man, an hour, an interesting book等。the是定冠词。
一、不定冠词的用法
1、指人或事物的某一种类（泛指）。这是不定冠词a (an)的基本用法。如：She is a girl. I am a teacher. Please pass me an apple.
2、指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。如：He borrowed a story-book from the library.
A Wang is looking for you. 一位姓王的同志正在找你。
3、表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。如：
I have a mouth, a nose and two eyes.
4、用于某些固定词组中。如：
a bit, a few, a little, a lot of, a piece of, a cup of, a glass of, a pile of, a pair of, have a good time, for a while, for a long time等。
5、用在抽象名词前，表具体的介绍——a + 抽象名词，起具体化的作用。如：
This little girl is a joy to her parents. 这女孩对她父母来说是一个乐趣。
It is a pleasure to talk with you. 跟您交谈真是一件愉快的事情。
It is an honour to me to attend the meeting. 参加这个会，对我来说是一种荣誉。
二、定冠词的用法：
1、特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。这是定冠词the的基本用法。如：
Beijing is the capital of China.
The pen on the desk is mine.
2、指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。如：
Where is the teacher?
Open the window, please.
3、指上文提过的人或事物（第二次出现）。如：
There was a chair by the window. On the chair sat a young woman with a baby in her arms.
The baby was thin.
4、用在世界上独一无二的事物前。如：
the earth, the moon, the sun.
5、用在序数词和形容词最高级前。（副词最高级前的定冠词可省略）如：
He is always the first to come to school.
Bob is the tallest in his class.
6、用在某些专有名词前（由普通名词构成的专用名词）。如：
the Great Wall, the Summer Palace, the Science Museum, the Children’s Palace, the Party等。
7、用在一些习惯用语中。如：
on the day, in the morning (afternoon, evening), the day after tomorrow, the day before yesterday, the next year, by the way等。
8、用在江河湖海、山脉前。如：
the Yellow River, the Pacific Ocean, the Alps, the Himalayas
9、用在报刊、杂志前。如：
the People’s Daily, the Evening Paper, the Times 泰晤士报。
10、表示某一家人要加定冠词。如：
The Browns are at home to receive visitors today. 布朗一家今天要接待客人。
11、用在形容词前，表某一类人。如：
the poor, the wounded, the living, the dead, the rich, the sick等。
12、定冠词可以表示一事物内部的某处。如：
The driver always sits in the front of the bus(car).
三、零冠词（即不用冠词）：
1、专用名词和不可数名词前。如：
China, America, Grade One, Class Two, milk, oil, water, paper, science等。
2、名词前已有作定语用的this, that, my, your, some, any等代词。如：
Go down this street.
3、复数名词表示一类人或事物时。如：
We are students.
I like reading stories.
4、节日、日期、月份、季节前。如：
Teachers’ Day, Children’s Day, National Day, in summer, in July等。
Today is New Year’s Day.
It is Sunday.
March 8 is Women’s Day.
5、在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前，尤其作表语、宾补时。如：
What’s the matter, Granny?
We elected him monitor.
6、在某些习惯用语中的名词前。如：
at noon, at night, at first, at last, at most, at least, by bus(train, air, sea), in bed, in time, in front of, go to school, go to bed, go to college, on foot, at table, in ink, in pencil等。
7、在三餐饭和球类运动前。如：
She goes to school after breakfast every morning.
We are going to play football.
We usually have lunch at school.
8、科目前不加。如：
We learn Chinese, maths, English and some other subjects.
【专项训练】：
1、We can’t live without air.
A．an B．×C．the D．some
2、——Have you seen pen? I left it here this morning.
——Is it black one? I think I saw it somewhere.
A．a; the B．the; the C．the; a D．a; a
3、I’ve been waiting for him for hour and half.
A．×; ×B．the; a C．a; the D．an; a
4、What fine weather we have today!
A．a B．×C．some D．an
5、Have you ever seen as tall as this one?
A．a tree B．such tree C．an tree D．tree
6、Children usually go to school at age of six.
A．×; the B．a; an C．the; ×D．the; the
7、Himalayas is highest mountain in world.
A．×; the;×B．The; the; the C．A; a; a D．×;×;×
8、They each have __book. Li Hua’s is about writer. Wang Lin’s is on science.
A．a; a; ×B．the; ×; the C．×; the; ×D．a; the; a
9、Physics is science of matter and energy.
A．The; ×B．×; ×C．×; the D．A; a
10、sun rises in east and sets in west.
A．A; an; a B．The;×;× C．The; the; the D．A; the; a
11、Many people agree that__knowledge of English is a must in international trade today.
A．a;×B．the; an C．the; the D．×; the
12、__Mr Jones called while you were out (neither of us knows this man). He was in bad
temper. A．×;a B．A;×C．The; the D．A; a
13、They were at dinner then. It was delicous one.
A．a; the B．×;×C．×;a D．a; a
14、what kind of car do you want to buy?
A．×B．the C．a D．an
15、Alice is fond of playing piano while Henry is interested in listening to music.
A．×; the B．×;×C．the; ×D．the; the
16、Beyond stars, the astronaut saw nothing but space.
A．the; ×B．×; the C．×;×D．the; the
17、Alexander Graham Bell invented telephone in 1876.
A．×B．a C．the D．one
18、——Where’s Jack?
——I think he’s still in bed, but he might just be in bathroom.
A．×;×B．the; the C．the; ×D．×; the
19、Many people are still in habit of writing silly things in public places.
A．the; the B．×;×C．the; ×D．×; the
20、——I’d like information about the management of your hotel, please.
——Well, you could have word with the manager. He might be helpful.
A．some; a B．an; some C．some; some D．an; a
【答案】：
1、B air是不可数名词。
2、D 此题为97年高考题。根据句意，第一空是泛指，第一次出现；第二空仍是泛指，且表数量“－”。
3、D 元音前用an。
4、B weather是不可数名词。
5、A 此题为85年高考题。泛指。
6、A go to school是固定短语。
7、B 山脉、形容词最高级及世界上的唯一的名词前加定冠词。
8、A 第一、二空泛指，第三空，science是不可数名词。
9、C 第一空，科目前不加冠词；第二空特指，有定语。
10、C
11、A 第一空，a + 不可数名词表具体的介绍；第二空，trade不可数。
12、D 第一空是指有一位琼斯先生在您不在的时候来访。（括号里说明，我们俩都不认识这个人，因此不是特指。）第二空是固定短语，情绪不好。
13、C 第一空at dinner正在吃饭，固定短语。
14、A 泛指
15、C 此题是89年高考题：乐器前加定冠词；music是不可数名词。
16、A 此题是90年高考题：stars前应加定冠词；space不可数。
17、C 此题是91年高考题：发明应是特指。
18、D 此题是92年高考题。in bed是固定短语，不加冠词。
19、C 此题是93年高考题。第一空后有定语，固是特指。第二空，public places,公共场所，泛指。
20、A 此题是95年高考题。information是不可数名词；have a word with sb.是固定短语。
二、名词Nouns
知识要点：
一、名词的种类：
1、专有名词：
1）China, Japan, Beijing, London, Tom, Jack（不加冠词）
2）the Great Wall, the Yellow River, the People’s Republic of China, the United States等。（由普通名词构成的专有名词，要加定冠词。）
2、普通名词：
1）不可数名词
物质名词：，，，…
抽象名词：，，，，…
water rice oil paper
health trouble work pleasure honor ?
?
?
注意：①不可数名词前一般不加冠词，尤不加不定冠词：若加a(an)则使之具体化了。
如：have a wonderful time.
②不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
③不可数名词一般无复数形式。部分物质名词在表不同类别时，可用复数形式。
如：fishes, newspapers, waters, snows……
| | | |
各种各样的鱼各种报纸河湖、海水积雪
④有些抽象名词也常用复数，变为可数的具体的事物。如：times时代，works著作，difficulties 困难
⑤在表数量时，常用“of”词组来表示。如：
a glass of milk, a cup of tea, two pieces of paper….
2）可数名词：
①可数名词除用复数形式表一类之外，一般都要加冠词：A birdcaufly.
The frog is a kind of hibernating animal.
Vegetables sold at this shop are usually fresh.
②有复数形式：
a）规则变化——加“s”或“es”（与初中同，略）
b）不规则变化——child (children), foot (feet), tooth (teeth), man (men),
woman (women), mouse (mice), goose (geese), Englishman (Englishmen),
phenomenon(phenomena)…
注意：c）单、复数同形：sheep, deer, Chinese, Japanese, fish（同一种鱼）……。如，
a sheep, two sheep
d）只用复数形式： thanks, trousers, goods, clothes, socks, shoes,…
e）形复实单：physics, politics, maths, news, plastics（塑料），means.
f）形单实复：people (人民，人们），the police, cattle等
g）集合名词如：family, public, group, class等。当作为整体时，为单数；当作
为整体中的各个成员时，为复数。如：
My family is a big one.
My family are music lovers.
h）复合名词变复数时，a）只把复合名词中的主体各词变为复数形式。如：
sister(s)-in-law嫂子，弟妹；step-son (s)继子；editor (s) -in-chief总编辑。
b）如没有主体名词则在最后一个词的后面加“s”。如：grown-up(s)成年人，go-between(s)中间人
c）woman, man作定语时，要与被修饰的名词的数一致。如：a man servant—men servants,
a woman doctor—women doctors
二、名词的所有格：
1、表有生命的东西（人或动物）的名词所有格，一般在名词后加“’s”。如：Mike’s bag, Children’s Day, my brother’s room, women’s rights…
注意：1）名词复数的词尾是-s或-es，它的所有格只在词后加“s”。如：Teachers’ Day, the workers’ rest-home（工人疗养院），the students’ reading-room
2）复合名词的所有格，在后面的词后加“’s”。如：her son-in-law’s photo（她女婿的照片）；anybody else’s book（其他任何人的书）
3）如果一样东西为两人或两人以上共有，则在最后的一个名词后面加“’s”；
如果不是共有，则每个词后都要加“’s”。如：Jane and Hel en’s room. 珍妮和海伦的房间（共有）. Bill’s and Tom’s radios. 比尔的收音机和汤姆的收音机（不共有）
4）表地点（店铺，某人的家等）的名词所有格后面，一般省去它所修饰的名词。如：the tailor’s (裁缝铺) the doctor’s (诊所) Mr Brown’s (布朗先生的家)
5）有些表时间、距离、国家、城镇的无生命的名词，也可加“’s”表所有格。
如：half an hour’s walk (半小时的路程)
China’s agriculture (中国的农业)
2、表示无生命的东西的名词一般与of构成词组，表示所有格。如：the cover of the book
3、表示有生命的东西的名词也可以用of，特别是名词较长，有较多的定语时。如：
the story of Dr Norman Bethune
Do you know the name of the boy standing at the gate?
4、“of词组+所有格”的用法：
在表示所属物的名词前有冠词、数词、不定代词或指示代词（如：a, two, some, a few, this, that, these, those 等）时，常用“of词组+所有格”的形式来表示所有关系。如：
a friend of my father’s 我父亲的一位朋友。
some inventions of Edison’s 爱迪生的一些发明
those exercise-books of the students’ 学生们的那些练习本。
【专项训练】：
1、There are only twelve in the hospital.
A．woman doctors B．women doctors
C．women doctor D．woman doctor
2、Mr Smith has two , both of whom are teachers in a school.
A．brothers-in-law B．brother-in-laws
C．brothers-in-laws D．brothers-in law
3、——How many does a cow have?
——Four.
A．stomaches B．stomach C．stomachs D．stomachies
4、Some visited our school last Wednesday.
A．German B．Germen C．Germans D．Germens
5、The of the building are covered with lots of .
A．roofs; leaves B．rooves; leafs C．roof; leaf D．roofs; leafs
6、When the farmer returned home he found three missing.
A．sheeps B．sheepes C．sheep D．sheepies
7、That was a fifty engine.
A．horse power B．horses power
C．horse powers D．horses powers
8、My father often gives me .
A．many advice B．much advice C．a lot of advices D．a few advice
9、Mary broke a while she was washing up.
A．tea cup B．a cup of tea C．tea’s cup D．cup tea
10、Can you give us some about the writer?
A．informations B．information
C．piece of informations D．pieces information
11、I had a cup of and two pieces of this morning.
A．teas; bread B．teas; breads
C．tea; breads D．tea; bread
12、As is known to us all, travels much faster than .
A．lights; sounds B．light; sound
C．sound; light D．sounds; lights
13、She told him of all her and .
A．hope; fear B．hopes; fear
C．hopes; fears D．hope; fears
14、The rising did a lot of to the crops.
A．water; harm B．water; harms
C．waters; harm D．waters; harms
15、——How far away is it from here to your school?
——It’s about.
A．half an hour’s drive B．half hours drives
C．half an hour drives D．half an hour drive
16、The shirt isn’t mine. It’s.
A．Mrs Smith B．Mrs’ Smith
C．Mrs Smiths’D．Mrs Smith’s
17、Miss Johnson is a friend of .
A．Mary’s mother B．Mary’s mothers’
C．Mary mother’s D．Mary’s mother’s
18、Last week I called at my .
A．aunt B．aunts C．aunt’s D．auntes’
19、The beach is a throw.
A．stone B．stones C．stones’D．stone’s
20、I can hardly imagine sailing across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.
A．Peter’B．Peter C．Peters D．Peters’
【答案】：
1、B
2、A
3、C stomach（胃）虽是“ch”结尾，但其发音为[k]，所以加“s”，不用加“es”。
4、C
5、A roof, chief, gulf, belief等词的复数形式，直接加“s”。
6、C
7、A 名词作定语一般不用复数。
8、B
9、A 根据句意，打破的应是杯子，而不是茶；名词作定语表类别不用加“’s”。
10、B 11、D 12、B 13、C 14、C 15、A
16、D 根据上句，此处应是史密斯太太的衬衫。
17、D 18、C 19、D a stone’s throw是固定短语，意为“近在咫尺”。
20、B 此句中Peter作动名词sailing的所有格，本应用Peter’s，但因其在动词后作宾语，所以可用宾格，因此B为正确答案。
三、主谓一致Agreement
知识要点：
在英语的句子中，谓语动词的形式应与主语的人称和数保持一致。如何判定，则要看句子的意思。多数情况下，根据句子的主语形式就能判定，但有的则要看整句的意思，及强调的内容。下面我们就常用的、易混的几种情况作一下解释。
1、以单数名词或代词、不定式、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。如：
1）The book is on the table.
2）He is reading English.
3）To work hard is necessary.（It is necessary to work hard.）
4）How you get there is a problem.
2、复数主语跟复数动词。如：
Children like to play toys.
3、在倒装句中，动词的数应和它后面的主语的数一致。如以here,there开头，be 动词与后面第一个名词一致。如：
1）There is a dog near the door.
2）There were no schools in this area before liberation.
3）Here comes the bus.
4）On the wall were two famous paintings.
5）Here is Mr Brown and his children.
4、and连接两个或两个以上的并列主语时，谓语动词用复数。如果主语后跟有with, together with, except, but, perhaps , like, including, as well as, no less than, more than, rather than等引起的短语，谓语动词仍与短语前的主语的形式保持一致。如：
1）Jane, Mary and I are good friends.
2）He and my father work in the same factory.
3）His sister, no less than you, is wrong.
4）The father, rather than the brothers, is responsible for the accident.
5）He, like you and Xiao Liu is very diligent.
6）Every picture except these two has been sold.
7）Alice with her parents often goes to the park on Sundays.
8）Alice as well as her friends was invited to the concert.
9）Nobody but Mary and I was in the classroom at that time.
5、并列主语如果指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数，and后面的名词没有冠词。如：
1）The writer and worker is coming to our school tomorrow.
这位工人作家明天要来我们学校。
2）Bread and butter is their daily food.
面包和黄油是他们每日的食品。
3）The writer and the worker are coming to our school tomorrow.
那位作家和那位工人明天将来我们学校。（两个人）
6、and连接的并列单数名词前如有each, every, no, many a修饰时，谓语动词要用单数形式。如：
1）Every boy and girl has been invited to the party.
所有的孩子都被邀请参加这次聚会。
2）No teacher and no student is absent today.
今天没有老师和学生缺席。
3）Many a student is busy with their lessons.
许许多多的学生都忙着复习他们的功课。
7、each, either, one, another, the other, neither作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
1）Each takes a cup of tea.
2）Either is correct.
3）Neither of them likes this picture.
8、由every, some, any, no构成的合成代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
1）Is everyone here?
2）Nothing is to be done. 没有什么要干的事儿了。
9、关系代词who, that, which等在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。如：
1）Those who want to go please sign their names here.
2）Anyone who is against this opinion may speak out.
3）He is one of the students who were praised at the meeting.
10、表示时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的复数名词或短语作为一个整体看待时，其谓语动词常用单数形式。如：
1）Three years is not a long time.
2）Ten dollars is what he needs.
3）Five hundred miles is a long distance.
11、复数形式的专有名词作为整体看待（如人名、地点、国家、组织、书籍、报刊等），动词用单数形式。如：
1）The United States is in North America.
2）The United Nations has passed a resolution(决议)。
3）“The Arabian Nights”（《天方夜谭》）is an interesting book.
12、有些集体名词如family, team, group, class, audience（听众，观众），government等作主语时，如看作是一个整体，谓语动词则用单数形式；如强调各个成员时，谓语动词要用复数形式。如：1）My family is going to have a long journey.
我家要进行一次长途旅行。
2）My family are fond of music.
我家人都喜欢音乐。
3）The class has won the honour.
这班获得了荣誉。
4）The class were jumping for joy.
全班同学都高兴得跳了起来。
13、all, more, most, some, any, none, half, the rest等作主语时，既可表示复数意义，也可表示单数意义，谓语动词要根据实际情况而定。如：
1）All of the apple is rotten. 整个苹果都烂了。
2）All of the apples are rotten. 所有的苹果都烂了。
3）Most of the wood was used to make furniture (家具)。
14、the + 形容词（或分词）作主语时，常指一类人，谓语动词用复数形式。如指的是抽象概念，谓语动词则用单数形式。如：
1）The young are usually very active. 年轻人通常是很活跃的。
2）The wounded are being taken good care of here now.
现在伤病员们在这里受到了很好照顾。
15、or, either…or…, neither…nor…, whether…or, not only…but (also)连接的是主语，谓语动词与后一个
主语一致。如：
1）Either you or I am going to the movies.
2）Not only you but also he is wrong.
16、不可数名词没有复数形式，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
1）Water is a kind of matter.
2）The news a t six o’clock is true.
17、集合名词如：people, police ,cattle等作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。如：
1）The police are searching for him.
2）The cattle are grassing (吃草)。
18、population当人口讲时，谓语动词用单数形式；当人们讲时，谓语动词用复数。如：
1）The population of China is larger than that of Japan.
2）One third of the population here are workers.
19、the number of + 名词复数，是表示“…的数字”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；a (large / great) number of + 名词复数，表示许多，作主语时；谓语动词用复数形式。
1）The number of the students in our school is increasing year after year.
2）A number of students have gone for an outing.
20、means, politics, physics, plastics等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
【专项训练】
1、Nothing but cars in the shop.
A．is sold B．are sold C．were sold D．are going to sell
2、No one except Jack and Tom the answer.
A．know B．knows C．is knowing D．are known
3、Seventy percent of the students in our school from the countryside.
A．is B．are C．comes D．are coming
4、of the money used up.
A．Three-five, are B．Three-fifths, have been
C．Three-fifths, has been D．Third-fifths, is
5、The number of the people who cars increasing.
A．owns, are B．owns, is C．own, is D．own, are
6、One of Marx’s works written in English in the 1860s.
A．was B．were C．would be D．are
7、The sheets for your bed washing.
A．needs B．are needing C．want D．are wanting
8、On each side of the street a lot of trees.
A．stands B．grow C．is standing D．are grown
9、Some person calling for you at the gate.
A．are B．is C．is being D．will be
10、All that can be eaten eaten up.
A．are being B．has been C．had been D．have been
11、Tom’s teacher and friend Mr. Smith.
A．are B．is C．are being D．has
12、Your new clothes fit you, but mine me.
A．doesn’t fit B．don’t fit C．doesn’t fit for D．don’t fit for
13、Neither he nor I for the plan.
A．am B．are C．is D．were
14、Many a student that mistake before.
A．has made B．have made C．has been made D．had made
15、Peter, perhaps John, playing with the little dog.
A．is B．are C．were D．seems
16、Laying eggs the ant queen’s full-time job.
A．is B．are C．has D．have
17、Between the two buildings a monument.
A．stand B．stands C．standing D．is standing
18、I, who your good friend, will share your joys and sorrow.
A．am B．is C．are D．was
19、The United Nations in 1945.
A．were found B．were founded C．was founded D．was found
20、were also invited to the party.
A．Mr Smith B．The Smith C．The Smiths D．Smiths
21、The glass works in 1959.
A．were set up B．was set up C．were put up D．were built
22、Three hours with your girl friend to be a short time.
A．seem B．seems C．is seeming D．has seemed
23、It was reported that six including a boy.
A．was killed B．were killed C．was killing D．had killed
24、The police a prisoner.
A．is searching for B．are searching forC．is searching D．are searched for
25、Deer faster than dogs.
A．run B．runs C．are running D．will run
26、The wounded good care of here now.
A．is taken B．are being taken C．are taking D．is taking
27、The whole class greatly moved at his words.
A．was B．were C．had D．is
28、Over 80 percent of the population of China peasants.
A．was B．is C．are D．will be
29、There a knife and fork on the table.
A．seems to be B．seem to be C．is seeming to be D．are
30、Those who singing may join us.
A．are liking B．likes C．enjoy D．is fond of
31、His family music lovers.
A．all are B．are all C．is D．are being
32、A professor and a writer present at the meeting.
A．was B．is C．were D．had been
33、The pair of shoes worn out.
A．was B．were C．have been D．had been
34、The students in our school each an English dictionary.
A．have B．has C．had D．are having
35、More than one answer to the question.
A．have been given B．has been given C．were given D．had given
36、The boy sitting by the window is the only one of the students who from the countryside in our school.
A．are B．is C．were D．was
37、Our family a happy one.
A．is B．are C．was D．were
38、Most of the mistakes because of carelessness.
A．were made B．are made C．has been made D．were making
39、Most of his time in reading novels.
A．are spent B．is spent C．were spent D．was spending
40、The rest of the novel very interesting.
A．were B．are C．is D．seem
41、I know that all getting on well with her.
A．was B．is C．are D．were
42、When and where this took place still unknown.
A．are B．were C．is D．has
43、Not only the workers but also the machine not there.
A．are B．were C．is D．has
44、V ery few his address in the town.
A．knows B．know C．are knowing D．has known
45、Ten thousand dollars a large sum of money.
A．are B．is C．were D．seem
46、Twenty miles a long way to cover.
A．were B．are C．is D．seem to be
47、Nine plus three twelve.
A．makes B．make C．is making D．are making
48、There are two roads and either to the station.
A．leads B．lead C．are leading D．is leading
49、My father, together with some of his old friends, there already.
A．have been B．has been C．had been D．will be
50、My family as well as I glad to see you.
A．am B．are C．is D．was
【答案】：
1、A 因有连词but，所以谓语形式跟Nothing一致，用第三人称单数。见讲解4。
2、B 同上
3、B 见讲解2。
4、C 见讲解16。
5、C 定语从句看被修饰的先行词：the number of作主语用单数形式。见讲解9，19。
6、A 见讲解1。
7、C 见讲解2。
8、B 倒装句，要看后面的主语。见讲解3。
9、B some person指“某人”是第三人称单数。见讲解13。
10、B 主语“all”指的是“food”，所以代不可数名词，是第三人称单数。见讲解13。
11、B Tom’s teacher and friend，因friend前没有冠词，所以实际指的是同一个人。见讲解5。
12、B 根据前一分句的意思，第二分句中的mine指的是“my new clothes”，因此主语是复数。
13、A neither…nor…连接主语，动词与后面的主语保持一致。见讲解15。
14、A 见讲解6。15、A 见讲解4。16、A 见讲解1，动名词作主语。17、B 倒装，见讲解3。 18、A 见讲解9。19、C 见讲解11。
20、C 因谓语动词是复数，所主语应是复，The Smiths是指史密斯一家人。
21、B works在此句中是指工厂，所以是单数。22、B 见讲解10。
23、B six在这儿指的是人，因此用复数形式。24、B 见讲解17。
25、A deer, sheep是单、复数同形，根据后面的dogs，前面的deer应是复数（单数前应有a）。
26、B 见讲解14。27、B 见讲解12，因人才能受感动，所以the whole class是指全班的成员。
28、C 见讲解18。29、A 见讲解5。刀、叉是一副而论，所以看作单数。30、C 见讲解9。
31、B 见讲解12。32、C 见讲解4，注意与第11题比较。
33、A 因此句主语是pair ，所以用单数。 34、A 因此句主语是the students ，所以用复数。如果each 作主语，谓语动词则用第三人称单数形式。如：Each of the students / Each student has an English dictionary. 35、B 此句中的主语是one answer ，所以谓语动词应与它保持一致。 36、B 根据句意，这个男孩是学校中唯一来自农村的学生，自然后面的定语从句 的主语是单数，所以谓语动词用单数形式，又因主从句时态保持一致，故B 是唯一正确答案。 37、A 见讲解12。 38、A 见讲解2。39、B 见讲解16。 40、C 这部小说的剩余部分，还没超出“一”，用单数。 41、C 见讲解13，不定代词all 在此句中代“与她相处的人”，所以是复数。 42、C 见讲解1，when and where this took place 是一个从句。 43、C 见讲解15。 44、B few 在此代人，是复数。 45、B 见讲解10。 46、C 同上。 47、A 同上。 48、A 见讲解7。 49、B 见讲解4。 50、B 同上。
四、虚 拟 语 气
虚拟语气分三种情况来掌握： 1、虚拟条件句。 2、名词性虚拟语气。 3、虚拟语气的其他用语。 一、虚拟条件句： 条件状语从句是非真实情况，在这种情况下要用虚拟语气。 1、条件从句与现在事实不一致，其句型为： If 主语＋过去时，主语＋should （could, would, 或might ）＋动词原形，如： If I were you, I would study hard. If it rained, I would not be here now. 2、条件从句与过去事实不一致，句型为： If 主语＋had ＋过去分词，主语＋should （could, would, 或might ）＋have ＋过去分词，如： If the doctor had come last night, the boy would have saved. If I had not studied hard, I would have failed in the exam last term. 3、条件从句与将来事实不一致，句型为：
If should were to 主语＋?
??
＋do ，主语＋should （could …）＋ 原形 do
过去时（与现在事实条件句一样）。 If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home. If I were to go to the moon one day, I could see it with my own eyes. If you missed the film to night, you would feel sorry. 注意问题： 1、If 条件句中绝对不可出现“would ”。 2、根据句中的时间状语，有时可能出现“混合虚拟”的情况，即主句可能是现在的情况，条件句也许是发生在过去的情况，但都是遵守上述句型。 3、在条件句中如果出现were, had, should 可省去if ，将主语与这些词倒装，例如： Had the doctor come last night, the boy would have saved. Were I to go to the moon one day, I would see it with my own eyes. Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home. 二、名词性虚拟语气： 在表示命令、建议要求、惊叹时的名词性从句中需用虚拟语气，基本句型： 主语＋（should ）＋动词原形，如：
Mother insisted that John go to bed at 9 o’clock.（宾语从句）
We suggested that the meeting should not be held.
It was required that the crops should be harvested at once.（主语从句）
The suggestion that he be invited was rejected.（同位语从句）
That is their demand that their wages be increased.（表语从句）
注意：在这种句子中绝不出现“would”“must”“could”等。
三、虚拟语气在一些特殊词中的使用或含蓄条件句：
1、wish后的宾语从句：
与现在愿望不一致主语＋过去时；
与过去愿望不一致主语＋had＋过去分词；
与未来愿望不一致主语＋would（could）＋原形。
I wish I were you.
I wish I had visited the white House when I was in the states.
I wish I met you tomorrow at the party.
2、It’s time句型：当It’s time后用that从句时应该为：
主语＋should＋原形或主语＋过去时，例如：
It’s tim e that you went to school. 或
It’s time that you should go to school.
3、If only引起的感叹句相当于“How I wish＋宾语从句”
If only he could come! 他要能来就好了。
If only I had known the answer! 我要早知答案就好了。
4、would rather, as if（though）引导的句子也需使用虚拟，表示过去的情况用过去完成时，表示现在与将来的情况用过去时，如：
I’d rather you posted the letter right away.
I’d rather you had returned the book yesterday.
She loves the children as if they were hers.
Alan talked about Rome as if he had been there.
5、without, but, but for, otherwise引起的短语或句子常暗含着含蓄条件。
Without you, I would never know him.
But for your cooperation, we wouldn’t have done the work so well.
But that she was afraid, she would have said no.
I would be most glad to help you, but I’ am busy now.
I would have come to the party yesterday, but I was working.
I am busy now, otherwise I would do you the favor!
【专项训练】
1、It is important that a college student a foreign language.
A．will master B．master C．masters D．would master
2、It is strange that she without saying a word.
A．should have gone out B．went
C．should go out D．goes out
3、If my lawyer here last Saturday, he me from going.
A．had been, would have prevented
B．had been, would prevent
C．were, would prevent
D．were, would have prevent
4、——“He is a brave man.”
——“Yes, I wish I his courage.”
A．have B．had C．will have D．may have
5、If it rain, the crops would be saved.
A．should B．will C．is going to D．was to
6、He ordered that the medicine by a special plane.
A．was sent B．would be sent
C．should send D．be sent
7、If you the medicine, you better now.
A．took, would feel B．had taken, felt
C．had taken, would feel D．took, would have felt
8、She is my sister, but she often acts as if my mother.
A．is B．was C．were D．had been
9、I went to bed early last night, but I wish I so.
A．didn’t do B．h adn’t do C．haven’t done D．couldn’t do
10、I’d rather he tomorrow afternoon.
A．will come B．comes C．coming D．came
答案：
1、B
2、A
3、A
4、B
5、A
6、D
7、C
8、C
9、B 10、D
五、倒装句
英语的基本句型是主语+ 谓语。如果将主语与谓语调换, 称倒装句。倒装句分全倒装句和半倒装句。
一、全倒装: 主语与谓语交换位置不需任何助动词, 叫全倒装。全倒装有以下三种
情况:
1、当here, there, out, in, up, down等副词放在句首时, 句子需全倒装:
There goes the bell! 铃响了！
There lived an old man.
Here comes the bus.
注意:
①在这种情况下倒装仅限于不及物动词或be动词, 像go, come, mush等。
②主语如果是代词时不需倒装如Away he went. 他走远了。
2、方位状语在句首, 如:
In front of the house stopped a police car.
Nearby were two canoes in which they had come to the island.
Under the tree sat a boy.
3 、直接引语在句首, 这种情况可倒装也可不倒装
"What does it mean?" asked the boy或the boy asked.
二、半倒装: 主语与谓语的助动词交换位置称半倒装, 有以下数种情况:
1、否定意义的词在句首, 句子半倒装, 例如: little, never, not, no, hardly, rarely,
seldom
Never shall I forget you.
At no time was the man aware of what was happening.
Little did I understand what he said to me at that time.
2、几对并列连词如not only…but also, hardly…when等连接两个并列句, 连词
在句首, 前句半倒装, 后句不倒装:
Not only was everything he had taker away from him, but also his German
citizenship was taken away.
No sooner had I got to the bus stop than the bus started.
注意:
①not only…but also连接两个并列主语时不需倒装, 如:
Not only you but also I like playing chess.
②neither…nor在句首时, 前后两句都需倒装,
Neither do I have a sister nor does my husband.
3、only在句首强调状语, 主句半倒装:
Only then did I realize that I was wrong.
Only in this way can I learn from my fault.
Only when the war was over in 1918, was he able to get back to work.
注意: only强调主语不倒装:
Only the teachers can use the room.
4、so…that句型, so在句首时, 主句倒装, that从句不倒装:
So easy is it that a clild can learn it.
So hard did he work that he finally won the fame.
I saw the film, so did he.
1、倒装句（Inversion）
英语的基本语序是“主语+谓语”。如果将谓语的全部或一部分放在主语之前，这种语序称为“倒装”。
二、倒装结构的基本用法
1
2、为了加强语气而使用的倒装。（使句子更加流畅，更加生动）
【专项训练】
Ⅰ、选择填空
1、that we all went out, lying in the sun.
A．The weather so fine was B．So fine was the weather
C．So the weather was fine D．So was fine weather
2、Under his arm a pair of shoes which he had bought from the shop a few days before.
A．is B．are C．was D．were
3、who had arrested him three times for carrying drugs.
A．Before George stood the policeman
B．Before George the policeman stood
C．Before the policeman stood George
D．Before George did the policeman
4、Then we had been looking forward to .
A．came the hour B．the hour came
C．comes the hour D．the hour is coming
5、Only when he started to explain the reason for this.
A．she realized B．did she realize
C．she had realized D．had she realized
6、succeed in doing anything.
A．Only by working hard we can
B．By only working hard we can
C．Only by working hard can we
D．Only we can by working hard
7、Not for a moment the truth of your story.
A．he has doubted B．he doubts
C．did he doubt D．he did doubt
8、Nowhere else in the world cheaper tailoring than in Hong Kong.
A．a tourist can find B．can a tourist find
C．a tourist will find D．a tourist has found
9、Hardly when the bus suddenly pulled away.
A．they had got to the bus-stop B．they got to the bus-stop
C．did they get to the bus-stop D．had they got to the bus -stop
10、Mary doesn’t speak French, and does Joan.
A．not B．neither C．either D．so
11、—Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother? —I don’t know,.
A．nor don’t I care B．nor do I care
C．I don’t care nei ther D．I don’t care also
12、Not until the early years of the 19th century what heat is.
A．man did know B．man knew
C．didn’t man know D．did man know
13、After that we never saw her again nor from her.
A．did we hear B．we heard
C．had we heard D．we have heard
14、John won the first prize in the contest. .
A．So he did. B．So did he.
C．So he did, too. D．So did he, too.
15、,he doesn’t study well.
A．As he is clever B．He is as clever
C．Clever as he is D．As clever he is
16、You can never use my tape recorder. time should you touch that machine.
A．At no B．At any C．Any D．No
17、Scarcely the room the phone rang.
A．I had entered…when B．Had I entered…then
C．had I entered…when D．have I entered…when
18、Only save his life.
A．can the doctor B．the doctor can
C．will the doctor D．could the doctor
19、Hardly anybody the boy , because he is rude.
A．does like B．likes C．do like D．like
20、So well that the teacher praised her.
A．she had done her homework
B．her homework had been done
C．did she do her homework
D．she did her homework
21、Only when to know him will you get along with him.
A．do you come B．will you come
C．you come D．you will come
22、Out , gun in hand.
A．did he rush B．rushed he
C．he rushed D．had he rushed
23、He had promised me to come to the party ,and .
A．so did he B．so he did C．so he would D．so would he 24、Into the sky the light blue smoke.
A．went up B．up went C．did go up D．had gone up 25、Little about his own life at the meeting.
A．did he talk B．he talked
C．he was talking D．had he talked
26、Under no circumstances first use nuclear weapons.
A．will China B．China will C．does China D．do China 27、taken that examination, she could have passed it .
A．Were she B．Had she be able to
C．If she would have D．Had she
28、tomorrow , we would put off the match till next Monday.
A．Should it rained B．Were it to rain
C．If it would rain D．Had it rained
29、Look, here .
A．Mr. Brown comes B．does Mr. Brown come
C．comes Mr. Brown D．Mr. Brown has come
30、Often us good advice.
A．did she give B．she did give
C．she gave D．she has given
31、Not until I began to work how much time I had wasted.
A．didn’t I realize B．did I realize
C．I didn’t realize D．I realize
32、Little about his own safety , though he was in great danger himself.
A．does he care B．did he care
C．he cares D．he cared
33、began our new lesson.
A．But B．Thus C．Such D．So that
34、By no means look down upon the poor.
A．we should B．we should not
C．do we D．should we
35、Only when 30 years old to learn English.
A．was he , did he begin B．he was , he began
C．was he , he began D．he was ,did he begin
36、Not once their plan.
A．did they change B．they changed
C．changed they D．they did changed
37、“It’s very hot today.”“.”
A．So it is B．So is it C．So does it D．So it does 38、A fish needs water and without water it will die.
A．So does a man B．So will a man
C．So it is with a man D．So is it with a man
39、They arrived at the farmhouse, in front of which .
A．sat a small boy B．a small boy sat
C．is sitting a small boy D．a small boy sitting
40、Society has changed and in it .
A．so have the people B．so the people have
C．the people have so D．have the people so
Ⅱ、改错
41、Only when was he 50 years old did he begin to learn French.
42、Little she knew Tom was was badly ill
43、Turn to the right and there are you.
44、And all around the fox in a circle was dogs.
2020届高考一轮复习语法专项十七：连词连词分为并列连词和从属连词两大类。并列连词是连接主语与主语，谓语与谓语，句子与句子，分词与分词的词，它要求前后两部分有相同的形式和语法作用；而从属连词一般连接主句与从句，从句形式有名词性从句，定语从句和状语从句等。 （一）并列连词： 并列连词可用来连接词与词，词组与词组，分句与分句。常用的并列连词有：and（和），as well as（既…又），both … and（不但…而且），not only … but also（不但…而且），not … but（不是…而是），neither … nor（既不…也不），either … or（不是…就是），or（或者），but （但是），yet（然而），for（因为），so（所以），while（而），when（这时）等。如：Both my brother and my sister are teachers./ His room is bright but mine is gloomy（暗沉沉的）./ He can not only repair radios but also fix them./ It is a glorious（光荣的）yet difficult task./ Strike while iron is hot. （二）从属连词 从属连词是指在复合句中引导从句的连结词。常见的从属连词有： 引导时间状语从句的：after, before, when, as, while, since, until, till, as soon as 引导原因状语从句的：because, since, as 引导让步状语从句的：although, though, no matter（无论）, even if (though) 引导条件状语从句的：if, unless, once, so (as) long as 引导结果状语从句的：so … that …, such … that … 引导目的状语从句的：so that …, in order that … 引导比较状语从句的：as … as …, not so (as) … as …, … than … 引导方式状语从句的：as if … 引导主语，宾语或表语从句的连词主要有：that, whether, if三个。其中that 和whether 间或还可以引起同位从句和状语从句。 （三）某些用法比较特殊的从属连词用法区别 1、当while, when, as引导时间状语从句时的区别：①while引导的状语从句中动词必须是持续性。谓语动词多为进行时，或状态动词的一般时。while 的这些用法可用when代替，等于“at the time that”, “during the time that”。例如：Please keep quiet while (when) others are studying；② when除可指一段时间外，还可用来指一点时间，等于“at the time”，也就是说
【英语】高考英语总复习--英语语法填空 一、高中英语语法填空 1．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 A few months ________(early), Stephanie Heller, had finished her workout in the gym when she ________(notice)a woman in the parking lot struggling to bend down. Ms. Heller offered to help her. The woman blamed old age for her incapacity, ________(explain)that she was 70. But Ms. Heller was 71. "This woman felt every bit her age." she recalled. "I don't let age stop me. I need a good mood, really. I love singing and dancing with all the young friends I ________ (make)over the years. I'm only as old as I feel." Each of us has ________actual age, the number we celebrate on birthdays. But some 50-, 60-and 70-year-olds look and feel ________(youth), while others do not. Scientists measure these differences by looking at age-related things like skin elasticity, blood pressure and so on, finding some ________(connect)among them. People ________a healthy lifestyle and a fortunate genetic inheritance(继承)tend ________(score) "younger" on these assessments. When scientists ask, "How old do you feel, most of the time?" the answer can reflect the state of people's physical and mental health. The age given is a virtual one, ________is called "subjective age". 【答案】earlier；noticed；explaining；have made；an；youthful/young；connection/connections；with；to score；which 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，有的人看起来比实际年龄小，是因为健康的生活方式，好的遗传基因让人看起来更年轻，研究发现一个人的心态可以反应他的主观年龄。（1）考查形容词。根据后文的had finished过去完成时，可判断事情发生在过去之前，a few months earlier“几个月之前”，可以和过去完成时连用，故填earlier。 （2）考查时态。根系句子可知此处是从句谓语动词，此处考查固定句型had done…when(从句用一般过去时)刚做完某事突然就……，故填noticed。 （3）考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知此处是非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语the woman和explain（解释）之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，故填explaining。 （4）考查时态。分析句子可知此处是定语从句谓语动词，根据下文的over the years(在过去几年里)判断该句为现在完成时，主语为I，故填have made。 （5）考查冠词。age的可数名词，此处是泛指，应用不定冠词，又actual是元音音素开头，故填an。 （6）考查形容词。此处应填形容词作为feel的表语，youth的形容词是young和youthful，故填young/youthful。 （7）考查名词。此处应填名词作为finding的宾语，connect的名词形式connection为可数名词，some可以理解为“一些/某个”，故此处可以用名词单数形式，也可用复数形式，故填connection/connections。 （8）考查介词。句意：拥有健康生活方式和好的遗传基因的人倾向于在这些评价中获得高分。分析句子可知此处应填介词，再结合句意表示“有”的介词是with，故填with。（9）考查非谓语动词。tend to do sth固定短语，“倾向于做某事”，故填to score。
高考英语语法专题复习 三、代词 知识要点： 代词是代替名词、名词短语或句子的词。代词可分为人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、不定代词、疑问代词、相互代词、连接代词、关系代词等九类。 一、人称代词 人称代词在句中可以用作主语(用主格，如I, you, he, she, it, we, they, 等)和宾语(用宾格，如me, you, him, her, it, us, them等)： 人称代词的用法: 注：(1)在电话中或It is/was...that/who...强调句型中被强调部分做主语时，用主格： ---Is that Mr. Li? ---Yes. This is he. It’s I who did it. 这是我干的。 (2)单独使用的人称代词通常用宾格： “I’m tired.” “Me too.” “我累了。”“我也累了。”“Who wants this?” “Me.” “谁要这个？”“我要。” (3)有时用主格或宾格会导致意思的变化： I like you better than he. 我比他更喜欢你。为I like you better than he likes you. I like you better than him. 我喜欢你胜过喜欢他。为I like you better than I like him. (4)人称代词的排列顺序：单数人称代词通常按“二三一”排列，即you, he and I； 复数人称代词通常按“一二三”排列，即 we, you and they：You, he and I are of the same age. 你，他和我都是同一年龄。 We , you and they are all good citizens. 我们，你们和他们都是好公民。 但若用于承担责任或错误等场合，则可把第一人称 I 置于其他人称代词之前： Tom and I hope to go there. 汤姆和我想去那儿。I and Tom are to blame. 我和汤姆该受批评。 但是，you and I 是固定结构，语序通常不宜颠倒。 (5)人称代词后跟名词同位语。有些人称代词后有时可跟同位语： These small desks are for us students. 这些小课桌是给我们学生的。 We girls often go to the movies together. 我们女孩子常一起去看电影。 He asked you boys to be quiet. 他要你们男孩子安静些。 二、物主代词 物主代词分形容词性物主代词(my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their)和名词性物主代词(mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs)。形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，置于名词前，作定语；名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”，在句中作主语、宾语、表语、连用of作定语：His son is taller than hers. 他的儿子比她的儿子高。 Ours is a great country. 我们的国家是一个伟大的国家 Her son is a friend of ours. 她的儿子是我们的朋友。 This is your pen. Mine is in the box. 这是你的铅笔，我的在铅笔盒里。 注：(1) a friend of mine (ours, yours, hers, his, theirs)结构 (2) 物主代词与own 连用。表强调。也可用of one’s own置于名词后作定语： Mind your own business. 别管闲事。
高考英语语法复习专题（2）名词性从句(附参考答案) 1、名词性从句中连接词的运用 名词性从句中的连接词有连词that / whether / as if，连接代词what / who/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever，连接副词where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever。 （1）that的用法。 ①主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中用that但不能省略。如： That they are good at English is known to us all. The problem is that we don’t have enough money. She expressed the hope that they would come to China one day. ②宾语从句中的连接词that有时可省有时又不可省，在以下几种情况中that不能省略：（A）当that 从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入词语或者从句主语之间有插入语时，that不可省略；（B）当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，that不能省；（C）当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。如：He judged that,because he was a child, he did not understand wine Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried. The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do. ③that从句作主语和宾语时，可以用it 来替换成以下几种结构表达。 (A)It is clear/certain/likely/true/surprising that… （B）It is a pity/shame/good idea/no wonder that ...（C）It is said/reported/ believed/known/thought/suggested that … （D）It seems/happens that。如： It happened that I went out last night. It is said that China will win in the World Cup. ④that和what的区别。 that 引导名词性从句时，在主从句中不以当任何句子成分，也没有任何含义；而what引导名词性从句时，在主从句中都要充当一定的句子成分，what可以分解成定语从句中的先行词+ 关系代词即常说的先行词+ that。如： It’s shame that he has made such a mistake. Do what he says. ⑤同位语从句与定语从句中that的区别。 同位语从句中的连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不担当任何句子成分；而定语从句中的关系代词that在句中做宾语或主语，宾语与先行词有修饰关系。如果句子是同位语从句，就应用连词that而不能用which.同位语从句一般放在表具体含义的名词后解释名词的含义或内容，如以下名词：news、fact、suggestion、truth、plan、belief、doubt、possibility、idea等，而定语从句只是对先行词的限定和修饰。如： They expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again.(同位语从句) The hope she expressed is that they would come to visit China again.（定语从句） 选择填空 1._____________ you have done might do harm to other people. A. That B. What C. Which D. This 2. They have no idea at all ____________. A. where he has gone B. where did he go C. which place he has gone D. where he has gone 3. _____________ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who 4. _____________ the Games will be held in Beijing is not known. A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That 5. _____________ you like him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether 6. _____________ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter 7. —Do you remember ____________ he came? —Yes, I do, he came by car. A. how B. when C. that D. if 8. Sarah hopes to become a friend of _____________ shares her interests. A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who 9. ____________ we can’t get seems better than ____________ we have. A. What; what B. What; that C. That; that D. That; what 10. _____________ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where 11. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _____________ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever
高考英语语法填空专题练习含答案 阅读下面短文，根据上下文填入适当的词语，或使用括号中的词语的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡上标号的相应位置. 〔1〕 In the United States, there were 222 people 1.__________〔report〕to be billionaires〔亿万富翁〕in 2003. The 2.__________of these is Bill Gates, worth at least $ 41 billion, who made his money 3. 4. 5. __________the time he was 6.__________, there are still some other people who have made lots of money at even 7.__________〔young〕ages. Other young people who have struck it rich include Jackie Coogan and Shirley Temple. 8.__________of these child actors made over a million dollars 9.__________〔act〕in movies before they were 14. But 10. __________ youngest billionaire is Albert von Thurn und Taxis of Germany, who, in 2001, inherited 〔继承〕a billion dollars when he turned 18! 〔2〕 Finishing their shopping at the mall, a couple discovered that their new car 1.__________〔steal〕. They filed a report 2.__________the police station and a detective drove them 3.__________to the parking lot to look for evidence. To their 4.__________〔amaze〕, the car had been returned 5.__________there was a note in it that said: “I apologize for taking your car. My wife was having a baby and I had to rush her to the 6.__________. Please forget the inconvenience. There are two tickets 7.__________tonight's M ania Twain concert.” Their faith in humanity restored. The couple attended 8.__________concert. But when they returned home, they immediately found. 9.__________their house had been ransacked 〔洗劫〕. On the bathroom mirror was 10.__________note: “I have to put my kid through college somehow, don't I?” 〔3〕 People 1.__________〔live〕in different countries made different kinds of words. Today there are about fifteen hundred 2.__________in the world. Each contains many thousands of words. A very large dictionary, for example, contains four 3.__________ five hundred thousand words. But we do not need 4.__________these. To read short stories you need to know only about two thousand words. 5.__________you leave school, you will learn only one thousand or more.
江苏高考英语语法专题复习知识点汇总 一、冠词The Article 知识要点： 冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义。冠词分不定冠词（The Indefinite Article）和定冠词（The definite Article）两种。a (an) 是不定冠词，a用在辅音之前：如a book, a man; an用在元音之前，如：an old man, an hour, an interesting book等。the是定冠词。 一、不定冠词的用法 1、指人或事物的某一种类（泛指）。这是不定冠词a (an)的基本用法。如：She is a girl. I am a teacher. Please pass me an apple. 2、指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。如：He borrowed a story-book from the library. A Li is looking for you. 一位姓李的同志正在找你。 3、表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。如： I have a mouth, a nose and two eyes. 4、用于某些固定词组中。如： a bit, a few, a little, a lot of, a piece of, a cup of, a glass of, a pile of, a pair of, have a good time, for a while, for a long time等。 5、用在抽象名词前，表具体的介绍——a + 抽象名词，起具体化的作用。如： This little girl is a joy to her parents. 这女孩对她父母来说是一个乐趣。 It is a pleasure to talk with you. 跟您交谈真是一件愉快的事情。 It is an honour to me to attend the meeting. 参加这个会，对我来说是一种荣誉。 二、定冠词的用法： 1、特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。这是定冠词the的基本用法。如： Beijing is the capital of China. The pen on the desk is mine. 2、指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。如： Where is the teacher? Open the window, please. 3、指上文提过的人或事物（第二次出现）。如： There was a chair by the window. On the chair sat a young woman with a baby in her arms. The baby was thin. 4、用在世界上独一无二的事物前。如： the earth, the moon, the sun. 5、用在序数词和形容词最高级前。（副词最高级前的定冠词可省略）如： He is always the first to come to school. Bob is the tallest in his class. 6、用在某些专有名词前（由普通名词构成的专用名词）。如： the Great Wall, the Summer Palace, the Science Museum, the Children’s Palace, the Party等。 7、用在一些习惯用语中。如： on the day, in the morning (afternoon, evening), the day after tomorrow, the day before yesterday, the next year, by the way等。 8、用在江河湖海、山脉前。如： the Yellow River, the Pacific Ocean, the Alps, the Himalayas 9、用在报刊、杂志前。如： the People’s Daily, the Evening Paper, the Times 泰晤士报。 10、表示某一家人要加定冠词。如： The Browns are at home to receive visitors today. 布朗一家今天要接待客人。 11、用在形容词前，表某一类人。如： the poor, the wounded, the living, the dead, the rich, the sick等。 12、定冠词可以表示一事物内部的某处。如： The driver always sits in the front of the bus(car). 三、零冠词（即不用冠词）： 1、专用名词和不可数名词前。如： China, America, Grade One, Class Two, milk, oil, water, paper, science等。 2、名词前已有作定语用的this, that, my, your, some, any等代词。如： Go down this street. 3、复数名词表示一类人或事物时。如： We are students.
最新精品汇编2013高考模拟试题分类汇编：冠词 1. Li Qun, who graduated from_____university in South China, is now studying for her degree in _ European country, A．a, a B．the, an C．the, a D．a ,an 2. spacecraft Shenzhou VII took off On November 1，2011 at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in Northwest China． A．The；the B．The；不填C．A；the D．A；不填 3. I don't know who invented _____ iphone, but I think it is _____ useful invention． A．the; a B．the; the C．an; the D．an; a 4. If you are hunting chance to improve yourself in English，I think the English corner will be smart choice. A．a；a B．a；the C. the；a D．the；the 5. -----How about________ Christmas evening party? -----I should say it was _________ success. A. a; a B. the; / C. a; / D. the; a 6. The government said the city is facing ______ short supply of about 1 million cubic meters of ________ natural gas. A. a; / B. the; the C. a; a D. the; / 7. If you fail this time, don't lose ______ heart．Try to do it ______ second time． A．your; a B．your; the C．不填;a D．不填;the 8. —Which of the two poems do you like most? —shorter one, of course. I think it’s really most interesting one. A．The; a B．The; the C．A; the D．The; 不填 9. It is said that ______ wool produced in Australia is of ______ high quality. A. 不填; 不填 B. the; 不填 C. the; a D. the; the 10. People who drink and drive are __________ danger both to themselves and to ________others. A. the；不填 B. a；不填 C. 不填；the D. the；the 11. Yue Yue, _____ 2-year-old girl who was twice run over by vans and then ignored by 18 passers-by as she lay critically injured on a street, draws _____ concern from all over the country. A. the, / B. a, the C. a; / D. the, a 12. _______ most efficient way to understand thousands of new words is to gain _______ good knowledge of basic word formation． A．A; a B．The; / C．A;/ D．The; the 13. When you grow up in___________ large family，you are more likely to develop__________ ability to get on well with others． A．the；the B．the；a C．a：a D．a：the 14. ----I hear that there was a terrible crash in the subway in Shanghai the other day. ----Yes, ______news came as ______shock to all of us. A. the; the B. a; / C. the; a D. /; a 15. It is thought that custom of coloring eggs was brought to Europe during Middle Ages．A．the：the B．a；不填C．a；the D．the；不填 16. Nicknames are interesting. If ______ man were unusually strong, he might adopt _____name
高考总复习——英语必考语法汇总 虚拟语气 1）概念 表示说话人的某种假设、愿望、怀疑、猜测、建议等。可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句,非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况.通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气。 2）虚拟语气的使用范围 主要用于if条件状语从句。也可用于主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句等。 3）法则：“后退一步法” 从句：①与过去事实相反，在从句中用过去完成时形式表示。 ②与现在事实相反，在从句中用过去一般时形式表示。 ③与将来事实可能相反，在从句中用过去将来时形式表示。 主句：用情态动词would, should, could 等加一个与从句一致的动词形式。 例：If I had come her yesterday, I would have seen him. If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students. If it should snow tomorrow, they couldn’t go out. 4）If虚拟语气的具体分析： 1. 表示与现在事实相反的假设，其if 从句的用动词的过去式(或were)，主句用would/ should/ could/ might +动词原形。 1) If places ______ a like, there would be little need for geographers(地理学家).
（are） 2) If I _____ the meaning of the word, I wouldn't have to look it up.(know) 2. 表示与过去事实相反的假设，if 从句用过去完成时即had＋过去分词，主句用would / should / could / might + have +过去分词。 We didn't know his telephone number, otherwise we _____ him, A) would have telephoned B) must have telephoned C) would telephone D) had telephoned 3. 表示对将来实现的可能性很小的或不确定的假设。If从句的谓语形式用一般过去式或用动词过去式/were to / should +动词原形，主句用would / should /could/ might +动词原形。 Jean doesn't want to work right away because she thinks that if she ______ a job she probably wouldn't be able to see her friends very often. (get) 4. 省略if 采用倒装语序的条件句 if条件句中如有were, should, had，可以省去if，将had , should, were等词提到主语之前，即用倒装结构。（这种结构在口语中很少使用）。 Had he worked harder, he _____ the exams. (get through) 5）宾语从句中的虚拟语气 一、wish 后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气。按“后退一步法”处理从句的谓语动词。 二、表示“要求、建议、命令”等动词后面的宾语从句中的虚拟语气从句中用“should + 动词原形”构成 三、would rather ＋从句,在这种结构中，从句的位于动词用过去形式表示虚拟。 6）主语从句中的虚拟语气
教育学习K12 高考感悟 1．(2013·北京高考)Hurry up! Mark and Carol ______ us. A．expect B．are expecting C．have expected D．will expect 2．(2013·陕西高考)On Monday mornings it usually ________ me an hour to drive to work although the actual distance is only 20 miles. A．takes B．is taking C．took D．will take . 高考感悟 1．(2013·全国卷Ⅰ)When I first met Bryan I didn't like him, but I ________ my mind. A．have changed B．change C．had changed D．would change 2.Look at that little boy wandering about — perhaps he _____ his mother. A. will lose B. is losing C. had lost D. has lost 3. I ____ ping-pong quite well, but I haven’t had time to play since the New Year. A. will play B. have played C. played D. play 高考感悟 1．(2013·江苏高考)—What about your self-drive trip yesterday? —Tiring! The road is being widened, and we ________ a rough ride. A．had B．Have C．would have D．have had 2．Could I have a table by the window? —Sorry, sir. All of them ________ . A．were booked B．had been booked C．are being booked D．have been booked 3. —I want to give Mary this gift. __ Oh, sorry. She ______. A. left B. has left C. leaves D. had left 4. ___You seem to be familiar with London. ___I ________ there for three years. It's great to be back. A．lived B．had lived C．have lived D．live 高考感悟 1．(2013·辽宁高考)He was unhappy when he sold his guitar. After all, he ________ it for a very long time. A．has had B．had had C．has D．had 2．(2013·安徽高考)I'm calling about the apartment you ________ the other day. Could you tell me more about it? A．advertised B．had advertised C．are advertising D．will advertise 3. __ I’ve brought a box of chocolates for our daughter. —Oh, how good a dad! But she doesn’t like sweet things. _____ that? A. Don’t you know B. Haven’t you know C. Didn’t you know D. Hadn’t you know n
高中英语语法填空练习（24篇） 阅读下面短文，根据上下文填入适当的词语，或使用括号中的词语的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡上标号的相应位置。 （1） In the United States, there were 222 people 1.__________（report）to be billionaires（亿万富翁）in 2003. The 2.__________of these is Bill Gates, worth at least $ 41 billion, who made his money 3.__________starting the company Microsoft. Mr. Gates was only 21 years old 4.__________he first helped to set up the company in 1976. He was a billionaire 5. __________the time he was 6.__________, there are still some other people who have made lots of money at even 7.__________（young）ages. Other young people who have struck it rich include Jackie Coogan and Shirley Temple. 8.__________of these child actors made over a million dollars9.__________（act）in movies before they were 14. But10.__________ youngest billionaire is Albert von Thurn und Taxis of Germany, who, in 2001, inherited （继承）a billion dollars when he turned 18! （2） Finishing their shopping at the mall, a couple discovered that their new car 1.__________（steal）. They filed a report 2.__________the police station and a detective drove them 3.__________to the parking lot to look for evidence. To their 4.__________（amaze）, the car had been returned 5.__________there was a note in it that said: “I apologize for taking your ca r. My wife was having a baby and I had to rush her to the 6.__________. Please forget the inconvenience. There are two tickets 7.__________tonight's Mania Twain concert.” Their faith in humanity restored. The couple attended8.__________concert. But when they returned home, they immediately found. 9.__________their house had been ransacked （洗劫）. On the bathroom mirror was 10.__________note: “I have to put my kid through college somehow, don't I?” （3） People 1.__________（live）in different countries made different kinds of words. Today there are about fifteen hundred 2.__________in the world. Each contains many thousands of words. A very large dictionary,