名词性从句
在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。名词性从句的作用相当于名词,因此主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。主语从句:Who will win the match is still unknown.
宾语从句:I want to know what he has told you.
表语从句:The fact is that we have lost the game.
同位语从句:The news that we won the game is exciting.
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:
连接词(不充当从句的任何成分:
连接代词:what, who, whom, whose, which, wh+ever
连接副词:when ,where ,how ,why
Object Clauses 宾语从句
一、宾语从句的概念:宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。
位置:通常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词或介词之后。
句子结构:主句+连词(引导词+ 宾语从句
e.g. She asked if these answers were right.
We can learn what we do not know.
He will talk to us about what he saw in the U.S.A.
I don’t know where we will hold the meeting.
通过观察,我们可以知道宾语从句的语序用陈述语序:
连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分
1Could you tell me______.
A. you will get here when
B. when will you get here
C. get here when you will
D. when you will get here
2 Mother asked his son what ______for lunch at school.
A. did he had
B. does he had
C. he has
D. he had
3 Pointing to the young plant, he asked me ____ that was the one we had seen in the picture.
A. what
B. if
C. where
D. how
二、连接词
1、从属连接词(不充当从句的任何成分:that ,whether ,if
1、I hear (that he will be back in an hour.
2、I want to know if /whether he will go to the park with us
用it做形式宾语的宾语从句时,it常可以放在动词think, find, consider, believe, feel, make等后作为形式宾语,而真正的宾语——that从句则放在句尾(此时that一定不可以省略
I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.
We heard it that she would get married next month.
3、that从句位于句首时,that不可省略。
That he ever said such a thing I simply don’t believe.
4、if 和Whether的区别
1、由连词if、whether 引导的表示“是否…”的宾语从句。Whether,if 在从句中不做句子的成分,一般情况下,whether和if 可以替换。
例:I don’t know if/whether he will come tomorrow.
2、下面几种情况只能用whether
①和不定式连(whether to do sth.用作宾语时不用if引导.
例:Whether to go there hasn’t been decided.
They asked me whether to go shopping.
②宾语从句中有or not时不用if引导.
例:I don’t kn ow whether the star will come or not.
③在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导
例:I’m thinking of whether we should go fishing.
④宾语从句提前时:
例:Whether this is true or not, I can’t say.
练习:1. I asked her _____________ she had a bike.
2. We’re worried about __________ he is safe.
3. I wonder ______________ he is well.
4. I don’t know ___________ or not he is well.
5. I don’t know __________ to go.
2、连接代词和连接副词
连接代词:what, who, whom, whose, which, wh+ever 连接副词:when ,where ,how ,why 因为连接代词或副词连接主句和从句,并在从句中担任句子成分,具有一定的意义,不可省略。
Do you know what he said just now?
I don’t remember when we arrived.
I asked him where I could get so much money.
Please tell me who (whom we have to see.
1. Wang Hai told me _______ he didn't go hiking yesterday afternoon.(how, why
2. Can you tell me ________ else is going to be on duty today?(who, whom
3. He always thinks ______ he can do better.(how, who
4. They don't know _________ we are going hiking. (when, what
5. I don't know ________ so many people crowding round him. (how, why
6. Do you know ________ shirt it is? (whose, who’s
三、时态
1. 主句用现在时或将来时,从句可用任何时态,根据实际情况而定
I know that he lives here.
I know that he lived here ten years ago.
I have heard that he will come tomorrow.
2.如果主句是过去的时态(一般过去时,过去进行时,从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时(一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时
I knew who lived here.
I saw that she was talking with her mother.
He said that his father had gone to Beijing.
3. 从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象时,仍用一般现在时。
He told the boy that three and three is six.
He told me that the earth moves around the sun.
1. The young man asked _____ it's summer or winter.
A. either
B. that
C. weather
D. whether
2. We don't know ______ they did it.
A. how
B. who
C. what
D. which
3. The teacher asks us ____ Jim can come back on time.
A. that
B. if
C. when
D. what time
4. Does anybody know ______ we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not.
A. if
B. where
C. whether
D. that
5. Could you show me ________ ?
A. how can I get to the station
B. where is the station
C. how I could get to the station
D. how I can reach the station
8. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see _______.
A. who is he
B. who he is
C. who is it
D. who it is
10. He says that if it ______ tomorrow, he ____ fishing.
A. will rain, won't go
B. rained, wasn't go
C. rains, won't go
D. rain, will go
Predicative Clauses 表语从句
This is his job. This is what he does every day.
((
表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句, 放在系动词之后。
一般结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句”。
系动词有那些呢? 常见的系动词分为三种:
A.表示特征和状态:be, look, sound, taste, smell, seem, appear等
B.表示由一类状态转为另一类状态:get, become, grow, turn, fall, go, come, run等
C.表示某种状态的:remain, keep, prove, continue, stay等
从句连接词分为三类:引导表语从句的连接词一般不省略。
连接词: that / whether /as if /as though( if 不引导表语从句
连接代词: who / whom / whose / which / what
连接副词: when / where / why / how / because
用横线画出表语从句:The question is whether we can rely on him.
That is because we were in need of money at that time.
He looked as if he was going to cry.
That is why I was late.
过观察,我们可以知道表语从句的语序也是用陈述语序
注意:
1、that 引导的表语从句,that 仅起连接作用,无意义,在句中不作任何成分,通常不可省略。这种从句往往是对主句主语的内容起进一步解释的作用。
The fact is tha t he hasn’t yet recover from illness.
Our purpose is that he can realize his faults.
*名词主语+be+that引起的表语从句
表示事实,真理的名词,如:fact, truth 表示看法,观点、问题、麻烦的名词,如:idea, opinion, belief, view, news, advice, feeling, suggestion, plan, trouble, question, problem 等The fact is that our team has won the game.
The truth is that she was the very person we are looking for.
2. whether 引导的表语从句,连接词whether起连接作用,意为“是否、究竟、到底”在句中也不作任何成分(注意:if不能引导表语从句。
The question is whether we can rely on him.
What the doctor doubts is whether my mother will recover from the disease soon.
3、连接代词what,which,who,whom,whose除在句子中起连接作用外,还可在从句中从当主语、表语、定语,且各有各的词义。
Tom is no longer what he used to be.
The question is which of us should come first.
The problem is who is really fit for the hard job.
The important thing is whose name should be put on the top of the list.
My strongest memory is when I attended an American wedding.
4. 连接副词where, when, why, how除在句中起连接作用外,在从句中还充当时间、地点、方式、原因状语,本身具有词义。
That’s where I can’t agree with you.
This is why Sara was late for the meeting.
This is how they overcome the difficulties.
My strongest memory is when I attended an American wedding.
5. 其他连词as if, because, as, as though 引导的表语从句
because引导表语从句通常只用于“This/That/It is because…”结构中。
as if/though引导的表语从句常置于连系动词look, seem, sound, be, become等后面,常用虚拟语气,表示不存在的动作或状态。
It sounds as if/though somebody was knocking at the door.
My anger is because you haven’t written to me for a long time.
1. That’s ____ the Party called on us to do.
A. why
B. what
C. how
D. that
2. The reason is ____ he is unable to operate the machine.
A. because
B. why
C. that
D. Whether
3. She looked____she were ten years younger.
A.that
B.like
C.as
D.as though
4. Jane is no longer ____ she was four years ago.
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. when
5._______your father wants to know is________ getting on with your studies.
A. What; how are you
B. That;how you are
C. How;that you are
D. What;how you are
6. The trouble is__________we are short of tools.
A. what
B. that
C. how
D. why that
7. America was __________was first called “India” by Columbus.
A. what
B. where
C. the place
D. there where
8. China is becoming stronger and stronger. It is no longer_________ .
A. what it used to be
B. what it was used to being
C. what it used to being
D. what it was used to be
9. ________he really means is ________he disagrees with us.
A. What … that
B. That … what
C. What … what
D. That … what
10. The energy is ________ makes the cells able to do their work.
A. that
B. which
C. what
D. such
综合练习： 1．— I flew to New York for the talk show on TV last week．— Is that ______you had a few days off? A． why A． if she will A． who A． however A．there B． when C． what D． where D． will she 2． I ask her _____ come with me．B． if will sheC． whether will she B． whoever B． whatever B． where C． whom 3． It was a matter of _______ would take the position． D． whomever D． whenever D． where there 6． It is generally considered unwise to give a child ________ he or she wants． C． whichever C． there where B． did the watch cost D． the watch costs B． that；that D． that；what B． from what city she come D． what city she comes from 8． Go and get your coat． It's________ you left it． 9． I wonder how much
________． A． does the watch cost C． the watch costed A． what；that C． what；what 10． It was _____ he said _____ disappointed me． 11． "Is Mary from New York City?" "I don't know _______．" A． from what city does she come from C． what city does she come from A． how he is getting along C． what he is getting along A． how they were excited C． how excited were they A． for A． which B． because B． what 13． Have you seen Henry lately? My boss wants to know ________． B． how is he getting along D． what is he getting along B． how excited they were D． they were how excited C． since C． that D． that D． this C． he's gone D． was he 15． You can’t imagine ________ when they received these nice Christmas presents． 16． Why the explosion occurred was ________ the laboratory attendant had been careless． 17．We gave him ________ help we could． 20． Where do you think ________? A． has he gone B． has he been 6
课题：Grammar:Objective clause I. Teaching aims: A.Knowledge aims By the end of the lesson, Ss will have a better understanding of the objective Ss will grasp the usage of introductory words: that、if、whether，what etc, the tense and word order, etc. B. Ability aims Enable students to identify what is the objective clause and learn to use different kinds of introductory words C. Affection aims Develop students’ interest of learning grammar. ] II. Teaching important points Explain the three important aspects of the objective clause: the introductory words, tense and sentence order. Besides, explain the usage of 3 introductory words：that, if, whether.,what,etc difficult points How to choose the introductory words correctly and appropriately in the objective clause IV. Teaching methods teaching and learing , practicing，discussing Teaching tools: 、 The multimedia and other normal teaching tools V. Teaching procedures
普通高中课程标准实验教科书《英语》电子课本 Book 3 Unit 1 Festivals around the world B3U1P1-3 FESTIV ALS AND CELEBRATIONS Ancient Festivals Festivals and celebrations of all kinds are held everywhere. The most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of the cold weather, planting in spring and harvest in autumn. Other celebrations were held when hunters could catch animals. They would starve if food was difficult to find, so they celebrated when they had food. They lit fires and made music because they thought these festivals would bring a year of plenty. Festivals of the Dead Some festivals are held to honour the dead, or satisfy and please the ancestors, who could return either to help or to do harm. In Japan the festival is called Obon, when people should go to clean the graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors. They light lamps and play music because they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth. In Mexico they have the Day of the Dead in early November. On this important feast day, people might eat food in shape of skulls, and cakes with “bones” on them. They offer food, flowers and gifts to the dead. The festival of Halloween had its origin as an event in memory of the dead. It is now a children’s festival, when they can go to their neighbours’ homes and ask for sweets. They dress up and try to frighten people. If they are not given anything, the children might play a trick. Festivals to Honour People Festivals can be held as an honour to famous people or to the gods. One of these is the Dragon Boat Festival in China, which honours the famous ancient poet, Qu Yuan. Another is Columbus Day in the USA, in memory of the arrival of Christopher Columbus in America. In India there is a national festival on October 2 to honour Mahatma Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India’s independence from Britain. Harvest Festivals Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be very happy events. People are grateful because their food is gathered for the winter ,and because a season of agricultural work is over. In European countries it is the custom to decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and people get together to have meals. Some people might win awards for their animals, flowers, fruits and vegetables, like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster. In China and Japan there are mid-autumn festivals, when people admire the moon and give gift of mooncakes. Spring Festivals The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring. At the Spring Festival in China, people eat dumplings, fish and meat, and may give children lucky money in the red paper. There are dragon dances and carnivals, and families celebrate the lunar New Year together. In some Western countries there are very exciting carnivals, which take place forty days before Easter, usually in February. They might include parades, dancing in the streets day and night, loud music and colourful clothing of all kinds. Easter is an important religious and social festival in Christian countries. It celebrates the return of Jesus for Christians and it also celebrates the coming of spring. In Japan, the Cherry Blossom Festival happens a little later. The country is covered with cherry tree flowers so that it looks as though it might be covered with pink snow. People love to get together to eat, drink and have fun with each others. Festivals let us enjoy life, be proud of our customs and forget our daily life for a little while.
Unit 1 Festivals around the world FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONS Festivals and celebrations of all kinds have been held everywhere since ancient times. Most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of cold weather, planting in spring and harvest in autumn. Sometimes celebrations would be held after hunters had caught animals. At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months. Today’s festivals have many origins, some religious, some seasonal, and some for special people or events. Festivals of the dead Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either to help or to do harm. For the Japanese festival Obon, people should go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors. They also light lamps and play music because they think that will lead the ancestors back to earth. In Mexico, people celebrate the Day of the Dead in early November. On this important feast day, people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes with “bones” on them. They offer food, flowers and gifts to the dead. The Western holiday Halloween also had its origin in old beliefs about the return of the spirits of dead people. It is now a children’s festival, when they can dress up and go to their neighbours’ homes to ask for sweets. If the neighbours do not give any sweets, the children might play a trick on them. Festivals to Honour People Festivals can also be held to honour famous people. The Dragon Boat Festival in China honours the famous ancient poet, Qu Y uan. In the USA, Columbus Day is in memory of the arrival of Christopher Columbus in the New World. India has a national festival on October 2 to honour Mohandas Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India’s independence from Britain. Harvest Festivals Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be very happy events. People are grateful because their food is gathered for the winter and the agricultural work is over. In European countries, people will usually decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and will get together to have meals. Some people might win awards for their farm produce, like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster. China and Japan have mid-autumn festivals when people admire the moon and in China enjoy moon-cakes. Spring Festivals The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring. At the Spring Festival in China, people eat dumplings, fish and meat and may give children lucky money in red paper. There are dragon dances and carnivals, and families celebrate the Lunar New Year together. Some Western countries have very exciting carnivals, which take place forty days before Easter, usually in February. These carnivals might include parades, dancing in the streets day and night, loud music and colourful clothing of al kinds. Easter is an important religious and social festival for Christians around the world. It celebrates the return of Jesus from the dead and the coming of spring and new life. Japan’s Cherry Blossom Festival happens a little later. The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow. People love to get together to eat, drink and have fun with each other. Festivals let us enjoy life, be proud of our customs and forget our work for a little while.
人教版高一英语必修三必背句型汇总 1) It was the first time in a year and a half that I had seen the night face to face. (从句时态用完成时) 这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。 2) I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.(强调句) 我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。 3) I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven one evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself. 有一天晚上，我熬到11点半故意不睡觉，为的是独自好好看看月亮一次。 4) Your friend, who doesn’t wor k hard, asks you to help him cheat in the end-of-term exam.(非限制性定语从句) 你的一个朋友叫你在期末考试中帮他作弊，这个朋友平常不认真学习。 5) If you have some trouble (in) getting along with your friends, you can write to the editor and ask for advice. 如果你在和朋友的相处上有问题，你可以写信给编辑向他征求建议。 6) Add up your score and see how many points you can get. 把你的得分加起来，看看得了多少。 7) What he did has added to our difficulties. 他的所作所为增加了我们的困难。 8) His income adds up to $1000 a month. 他每月的收入共计1000美元。 9) It's no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced. 观看这些已不再是乐趣，因为大自然是你必须体验的。 10) Why is she so concerned about his attitude to her work? 她为什么那么关注他对她的工作的看法? 11) The police asked him to set down what he had seen in a report. 警察让他在报告中写下他所看见的事情。 12) As I was about to go out and search for him, he happened to come in. 正当我打算出去找他时，他恰巧进来。 13) Mr. Jones lives alone and often feels lonely. 琼斯先生单独一人生活，常常感到孤独。 14) We tried to calm him down, but he kept crying. 我们试图让他平静下来，但他仍不停地哭着。 15) Does he dare (to) go out at night in such stormy weather? 他敢在这样一个暴风雨夜外出吗? 16) The man insisted that he didn’t steal anything and he (shouldbe set free at once. (陈述语气、虚拟语气这男人坚持自己没有偷东西，他坚持说他应该立刻被释放。 17) She gave me a determined look ?C the kind that said she wouldn’t change h er mind. 她给了我一个坚定的眼神——这种眼神表明她是不会改变主意的。 18) He is so stubborn that no one can persuade him to do anything. 他是如此的固执以致没有人能说服他做任何事。 19) My sister doesn’t care about details. 我的姐姐是不会考虑细节的。 20) She is a determined woman. Once she determines to do something, she will do it well. 她是个意志坚强的人。如果她下决心做什么事，就一定要做好。 21) He recorded the important events ad his afterthoughts in his travel journal. 在旅行日记中，他记下了重大的事件及自己的想法。 22) I am not familiar with this city, because this is my first visit. 我对这个城市不熟悉，因为这是我的第一次来访。
【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： 名词性从句——宾语从句与表语从句 二. 知识精讲 在复合句中起名词性作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，根据它在句中不同的语法功能，因此名词从句又分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 （一）宾语从句 1. 概念及引导词 在复合句中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的连接词有连接代词（who, whom, whose , what , which, whoever , whatever, whichever ）、连接副词(when , where , how, why )及从属连词(that , whether, if ). 例：John said （that）he was leaving for London on Wednesday. 约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去。 I am glad that you are satisfied with your job. 你对工作满意我感到很高兴。 She will name him whatever she wants to. 她高兴给他起什么名字就起什么名字。 That depends on where we shall go. 那取决于我们去哪儿。 2. 宾语从句的种类 常见的宾语从句有动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句三种。 （1）动词的宾语从句 They know that the habit may kill them.定语从句 他们知道这个习惯会害死他们。 They doubt whether or not Jack is a good student. 他们怀疑Jack是否是一个好学生。 They wanted to see which shops offered the best advice and service定语从句. 他们想了解哪家店提出的建议和提供的服务最好。 （2）介词的宾语从句 一般情况下介词后只能接wh- 类连接词引导的宾语从句，但but, except, besides等后可接that引导的宾语从句。 We are talking about what we’ll do next. 我们正在讨论下一步做什么。 I know nothing about him except that he lives here. 对于他，我只知道他住在这儿，其他一无所知。
高一英语（人教版）必修3单词表 1 2 3 必修3 4 Unit 1 5 take place 发生 6 beauty n. 美；美人 7 harvest n. & vt. & vi. 收获；收割 8 celebration n. 庆祝；祝贺 9 hunter n. 狩猎者；猎人 10 starve vi. & vt. (使)饿死；饿得要死 origin n. 起源；由来；起因 11 12 religious adj. 宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔诚的13 △seasonal adj. 季节的；季节性的 14 ancestor n. 祖先；祖宗 15 △ Obon n. （日本）盂兰盆节 16 △ grave n. 坟墓；墓地 17 △ incense n. 熏香；熏香的烟 18 in memory of 纪念；追念
Mexico n. 墨西哥（拉丁美洲国家） 19 20 feast n. 节日；盛宴 21 △skull n. 头脑；头骨 22 bone n. 骨；骨头 23 △Halloween n. 万圣节前夕；诸圣日前夕 24 belief n. 信任；信心；信仰 25 dress up 盛装；打扮；装饰 26 trick n. 诡计；恶作剧；窍门 27 vt. 欺骗；诈骗 28 play a trick on 搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑 29 poet n. 诗人 30 △Columbus Day 哥伦布日 31 arrival n. 到来；到达；到达者 32 △Christopher Columbus 克利斯朵夫?哥伦布（意大利航海家）33 gain vt.获得；得到 34 independence n. 独立；自主 35 independent adj. 独立的；自主的 36 gather vt. & vi. & n. 搜集；集合；聚集
宾语从句和表语从句 一、宾语从句要点归纳 ★宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。 ★that在引导宾语从句时无词义，也不充当任何成分，且通常可以省略。但如果含有两个或两个以上的并列宾语从句时，通常只有第一个从句的that可以省略，其余从句的that一般不能省略。如： My uncle said (that) he would come and that he would also bring his son. ★whether和if都意为“是否”，通常情况下，二者都可以引导宾语从句；但在介词之后或与or not连用时，只能用whether。注意：当whether与or not 不连在一起时，口语中可用if取代whether，当然也可以用whether。如： I don't know if / whether there will be trains any more. They are worrying about whether they can get there in time. I don't know whether or not I should take his advice. I'm not sure if / whether the train will arrive on time o r not. ★有时可用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语从句后置。如： We have made it clear that we will learn to deal with var ious difficult problems. ★在第一人称I / we与动词 think, expect, believe, guess, suppose等连用，后接宾语从句时，通常将从句的否定转移到主句谓语动词，形成否定前移。如： I don't suppose you're used to this diet. 二、表语从句要点归纳 ★表语从句一定要用陈述语序。 ★可接表语从句的词除系动词be外，还有 appear, become, look, remain, seem, sound等连系动词。如：
表语从句 1．定义：用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。 2．引导表语从句的关联词的种类： (1)从属连词that。在从句中不做成分。如：The trouble is that I have lost his address.麻烦是 我把他的地址丢了。The reason was that he was late for school. (2)从属连词whether,as,as if。如： (3)looked just as he had looked ten years before.他看起来还与十年前一样。 (4)question is whether they will be able to help us. 问题是他们是否能帮我们。 (5)注：从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句，但as if却可引导表语从句，如： (6)All this was over twenty years ago, but it’s as if it was only yesterday. (7)这都是20多年前的事了，但宛如昨天一样。 The key is whether we can solve the problem.注：能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be, seem, look，sound等。如： (8)He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。 It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door. 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 在表语从句中做主语、宾语等。如：The problem is who we can get to replace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。 (9)That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic. 那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。 The problem is who we can get to replace her. (10)我想问的是谁离开了。My question is who left. 连接副词where, when, how, why。 What I wonder is when he left. 我想知道他是何时离开的。 This is where they once lived. 这就是他们曾经住过的地方。 That is why he didn't come here. The question is how he did it. (11)连词because可引导表语从句。如： (12)I think it is because you are doing too much. 我想这是因为你做得太多。 It's just because he doesn't know her. (13)T hat's because he didn't understand me. 那是因为他没有理解我.(That's because...强调原因) (14)T hat's why he got angry with me.那正是他对我生气的原因。(That's why...强调结果) (15)在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示，should可省略。如： (16)M y suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. 我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。
宾语从句和表语从句详解 名词性从句指的是在整个句子中起名词作用的从句。这种从句可以做主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，所以这类从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。各种名词性从句的结构都是相同的，即由if，whether，that和各种疑问词充当连接词，后接陈述语序。 例如：What they are doing seems very important．（主语从句） 他们在做的事似乎很重要。 My hope is that he will be the best student in the class．（表语从句） 我的愿望是他能够成为班上最好的学生。 Nobody knows who he is．（宾语从句） 大家都不知道他是谁。 I don't like the idea that money is everything．（同位语从句） 我不喜欢金钱就是一切这一观点。 引导名词性从句的连接词中，除了that，if和whether之外其它的都作从句中的一个成分。 【宾语从句】 在句子中作动词或介词宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。引导宾语从句的词有连词that，whether，if；连接代词who，which，what以及其强调形式whoever，whichever，whatever；连接副词when，where，why，how等。 例如：Do you know where the Greens live I have no interest in how rich he is． 宾语从句主要用于下面五种结构： 1．由that引导的宾语从句（that 引导宾语从句时，特别是在口语中可省略） The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets． that引导的宾语从句多用于say，think，insist，wish，hope，demand，imagine，wonder，know，suppose，see，believe，agree，admit，deny，expect，explain，order，command，feel，dream，suggest，hear，mean，notice，prefer，request，require，propose，declare，report等后。 当主句谓语动词是think，believe，suppose，expect 等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把否定转移至主句表示。例如：I don’t think it is right for him to treat you like that．（＝I think it is not right for him …．） that不能省略的情况： （1）当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省，但后面的that不可省。如： He said （that）you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you． （2）当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时，that一般不可省。如： Just then I noticed，for the first time，that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap． （3）当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that不可省。如： I can’t tell him that his mother died． 2．由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句 这样的宾语从句实际上是由特殊疑问句变化而来的，宾语从句要用陈述句语序。用于这种结构的动词常常是：see，say，tell，ask，answer，know，decide，show，find out，imagine，suggest，doubt，wonder，discover，understand，inform，advise等。
名词性从句 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。名词性从句的作用相当于名词，因此主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。主语从句：Who will win the match is still unknown. 宾语从句：I want to know what he has told you. 表语从句：The fact is that we have lost the game. 同位语从句：The news that we won the game is exciting. 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类： 连接词(不充当从句的任何成分)：that ,whether ,if 连接代词：what, who, whom, whose, which, wh+ever 连接副词：when ,where ,how ,why Object Clauses 宾语从句 一、宾语从句的概念：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。 位置：通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后。 句子结构：主句+连词(引导词)+ 宾语从句 e.g. She asked if these answers were right. We can learn what we do not know. He will talk to us about what he saw in the U.S.A. I don’t know where we will hold the meeting. 通过观察，我们可以知道宾语从句的语序用陈述语序： 连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分 1)Could you tell me______. A. you will get here when B. when will you get here C. get here when you will D. when you will get here 2) Mother asked his son what ______for lunch at school. A. did he had B. does he had C. he has D. he had 3) Pointing to the young plant, he asked me ____ that was the one we had seen in the picture. A. what B. if C. where D. how 二、连接词 1、从属连接词(不充当从句的任何成分)：that ,whether ,if 1）、I hear (that) he will be back in an hour. 2）、I want to know if /whether he will go to the park with us 用it做形式宾语的宾语从句时，it常可以放在动词think, find, consider, believe, feel, make等后作为形式宾语，而真正的宾语——that从句则放在句尾）（此时that一定不可以省略）
高一英语人教版必修三全册课文 Unit 1 Festivals around the world FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONS Festivals and celebrations of all kinds have been held everywhere since ancient times. Most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of cold weather, planting in spring and harvest in autumn. Sometimes celebrations would be held after hunters had caught animals. At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months. Today’s festivals have many origins, some religious, some seasonal, and some for special people or events. Festivals of the dead Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either to help or to do harm. For the Japanese festival Obon, people should go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors. They also light lamps and play music because they think that will lead the ancestors back to earth. In Mexico, people celebrate the Day of the Dead in early November. On this important feast day, people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes with “bones” on them. They offer food, flowers and gifts to the dead. The Western holiday Halloween also had its origin in old beliefs about the return of the spirits of dead people. It is now a children’s festival, when t hey can dress up and go to their neighbours’ homes to ask for sweets. If the neighbours do not give any sweets, the children might play a trick on them. Festivals to Honour People