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英国的饮食文化和休闲娱乐

英国的饮食文化和休闲娱乐
英国的饮食文化和休闲娱乐

英国的饮食文化和休闲娱乐

John Bull “约翰牛”是英国人的绰号,16世纪英国著名作家约翰·阿布斯诺特(John Arbuthnot)写了一本讽刺小说,名叫《约翰牛的生平》(The History of John Bull),该书的主人公约翰牛为人粗暴冷酷,桀骜不逊,他盛气凌人、欺辱弱者,如果谁流露出对他稍微表示不满的反抗情绪,他立即摆出一副格斗的架势。作者通过这个赳赳武夫的形象,暗喻当年英国的专横跋扈,“约翰牛”的形象正是这个时期英国的体现。

饮食文化

饮食上英式菜是世界公认的名流大菜,它历史悠久、工艺考究,很得世人青睐。

一般的英国家庭一天通常是四餐:早餐、午餐、午茶点和晚餐。有极个别地区的人还要在晚上九点钟以后再加一餐。传统的英国家常饭通常分三道上:头盘(通常是汤)、主食和甜品。在英国吃一顿有三道菜的全餐通常意味着先吃咸或辣的食品,最后再上一道甜食。

英国人喜欢口味清淡、甜酸、微辣的食品。菜的做法主要有煎、炸、烤、烧等。主要食菜有冷鸡、冷肉、火腿、肠子、鱼子、沙丁鱼、计司、煎鱼、烤鸡、西红柿、各种小吃、生菜,煎牛扒、猪肉扒、烤羊肉、牛肉洋葱、青椒、牛肉丝、香酥扁豆和糖醋类的多菜汤、鸡汤、杂拌汤、木樨汤、素菜汤、瓜菜汤、清面条。不喜欢吃带粘汁和过辣

的菜。

英国人讲究口味清淡,菜肴要求质好量精,花样多变,注意营养成分。他们喜欢吃牛肉、羊肉、蛋类、禽类、甜点、水果等食品。夏天喜欢吃各种水果冻、冰淇淋,冬天喜欢吃各种热布丁。进餐时一般先喝啤酒,还喜欢喝威士忌等烈性酒

中国茶叶自从十七世纪传入英国,便和茶结下了不解之缘,一改过去只喝咖啡、啤酒等饮料的习惯。

特色食物:

1、英式早餐一般都是煎蛋,香肠,豆,咸肉,烤面包片等,

价格不贵,口味也不错.特别值得一提的是煎蛋,非常好看

的太阳蛋,蛋黄上面有一层薄薄的蛋白保存得非常的好,把

蛋白戳破蛋黄便流出来了,简直就是生的蛋.

2、烙饼是非常简单的食物,是用面粉,蛋,牛奶和水搅拌后,

放在锅里煎就可以,煎好以后洒上糖,蜂蜜,酸橙汁,酸酸

甜甜的非常的可口。

3、薯条是英国最受人欢迎的食物.薯条在英国的地位,就相

当于米饭在中国的地位一样,是主食.别小看那一根根小小

的薯条,英国人口的肥胖程度和它是成反比的,当然它的贡

献是相当巨大的.为了它,英国政府不得不提倡全民减肥.

4、鱼英国人在鱼上面裹上糊放在油里炸好,和炸土豆条一起

吃。人们把盐和醋的混合调料倒在炸鱼和土豆条上,用报纸

包上,然后从纸包里拿着吃。

休闲娱乐

足球是英国最盛行的运动项目。这是一项古老的运动,远在中世纪就流行于法、意、英等国,世界上第一个足球协会于1863年在英国成立。全国业余足球队不计其数,职业性的足球俱乐部共计90多个,每个大城市至少有一个。

音乐在英国人的文化生活中占有重要的地位。许多人具有音乐修养,喜欢古典音乐。英国的各种音乐,无论是古典音乐、流行歌曲、爵士乐还是铜管乐都拥有众多的爱好者。最有特色的是伦敦皇家艾伯特音乐厅的“散步场音乐会”。每当临近夏末,这家音乐厅为举行这种音乐会,把演出大厅中的座位撤掉,只在四周走廊留少数座位,听众入场后都站着欣赏音乐,这样,音乐厅可以容纳更多的听众,有一种特有的轻松自然的气氛。

英伦摇滚

什么是英伦摇滚?当你认为是oasis的狂妄不羁时,你会惊讶于Radiohead的孤独与消沉,当你认为是travis和thirteen senses 的率真与优美时,你会在the verve所走的那条让万物交汇之路面前显得有些不知所措。这是一种多么奇特的音乐啊,狂傲,内敛,优美,晦涩,不可一世,极端脆弱,仿佛所有的情感,思想都可以在这里交汇,然后幻化成一首首绝美的旋律,让你沉默,让你狂舞,让你欢笑,让你哭泣,更重要的是,让你思考。

我们为何而活?生命的意义究竟何在?我相信Radiohead肯定无数次想过这个问题.Oasis想征服世界,他们似乎做到了,利亚姆在

live forever里唱着也许我什么也不相信,也许我只想飞向远方,也许我只愿永远活着,也许你和我一样。也许,他们真的征服了世界。the verve似乎也想过征服世界,但同时他们似乎又觉得也许一切都无所谓,当你听the verve前两张专辑的时候,你不会听到哪怕一首像oasis那样简单狂妄的歌曲,每一首歌的背后都有无数复杂的情感在纠缠涌动,爱,但却无法爱;恨,却似乎没什么好恨;在追求,却不知道追求什么;仿佛世界在你脚下,但一眨眼间,却孤独脆弱到不堪一击,一切都仿佛是1860年代圣彼得堡阴沉天空下在街头恍惚漫步的拉斯科尔尼科夫们。radiohead也是孤独的,但是他们没有丝毫类似于oasis的雄心壮志,the verve至少想过,而radiohead压根连想都没想过,他们是尼采疯掉后的卡夫卡,是生活于20世纪繁华都市里的孤独者,听他们的歌,总是让人不禁想起读村上春树的日子,迷茫,无力,孤独,宁愿孤独,彻底孤独,不妄想理解,甚至不希望被理解。这三支乐队,是真正的英伦摇滚乐队,他们是尼采,是拉斯科尔尼科夫,是卡夫卡,是村上春树,是音乐的思考者,是痛苦的承受者,是这个世界上真正的强者!

戏剧、电影

英国的剧场多集中在伦敦,伦敦的著名剧场又集中在泰晤士河北图库岸的西区皮卡迪利广场的周围。西区的剧场至少有4O家,这里是著名剧团的条草之地,一个成功的剧目有时可在伦敦连演数月。伦敦艺文风之盛,从报载「伦敦1个晚上有超过30000人同时在欣赏舞台剧、戏剧、歌剧、芭蕾等表演」即可窥知一二。PUB就像中国处处

可见的“茶馆”一样,英国人休闲的时候,总喜欢到酒馆去喝一杯。想多接触真正英国人的生活,PUB就是个最容易和英国各个阶层的人打成一片的好地方。舞台剧嘉年华

感受“PUB”文化

“PUB”是英文字Public House的前三个字,就像过去在中国,街头巷尾到处可见百姓居民聊天聚集的地方-“茶馆”一样,英国人休闲的时候,总喜欢到酒馆去喝一杯。

位在大都会闹区中的酒馆一到夜晚,就挤满了西装毕挺的上班族,以及一些背着相机、拿着地图的游客。如果你想看看真正传统的酒馆,不要在观光客多的地方找,反而要到一般的小区,会有些装璜看来雷同,虽位在不同地方但都取同样名字的酒馆(如King's Head、Queen's Arm等),这种酒馆一般都相当安静,客人也都穿着随便,你会发现客人彼此好像都熟识,和酒馆主人也都像是朋友,很多客人每天都来,而且每天都坐(或站)在同一个位置,从不变动。

舞台剧

伦敦是世界最知名的戏剧表演殿堂,戏剧种类繁多,由希腊古代悲剧、莎士比亚戏剧、小剧场、实验剧场到符合儿童们的儿童哑剧Pantomime应有尽有,只要你有足够的时间及金钱,就能充分享受一个丰富的伦敦艺术之旅。

一般舞台剧费用从8镑到35镑不等。最好方式是直接到剧院窗口购票,不仅不收手续费,还可以直接看座位表选位子,或是到旅游中心、戏票代买处(Ticket Agent)购买,也可请旅馆代订。

嘉年华

伦敦的Notting Hill Carnival 的历史可以追溯到1964年,当千里达的移民抵达伦敦,在当时的英国有色人种平日生活上的压力还是很大,于是他们就想起了以前在家乡的carnival,附近的居民在音乐响起的时候纷纷加入街上的队伍一起跳舞欢乐。

嘉年华会是完全免费的。游行都是由中午12点到晚上7点,但是人潮大约早上10点就会开始聚集了。晚到的话你根本挤不进去游行的区域,不过,相同的情形是,你就算挤进去了,7点前也很难挤出来,所以对体力要有点准备。

英国风土人情及饮食习惯.doc

英国风土人情及饮食习惯 走进英国,想要更深的了解英国吗?下面跟着我一起来看看吧。 地理位置:英国是大不列颠岛和爱尔兰岛东北部及附近许多岛屿组成的岛国。东濒北海,面对比利时、荷兰、德国、丹麦和挪威等国;西邻爱尔兰,横隔大西洋与美国、加拿大遥遥相对;北过大西洋可达冰岛;南穿英吉利海峡行33公里就到法国。 国旗:英国国旗由蓝色背景、红色“米”字构成,因此也称为“米字旗”。首都:伦敦国花:玫瑰名胜古迹篇“大本钟” 坐落于泰晤士河畔议会大厦的北面,耸立着高高的钟楼,镶有大钟,名为“大本”。每隔一小时,大钟根据格林威治时间发出沉重而铿锵的响声,在数英里之外也能听到钟声的回荡。 1859年,大钟由当时的英王工务大臣本杰明〃霍尔爵士监制,大钟共重21吨,铸造时耗资2.7万英镑。“大本” 钟被视为伦敦的象征,凡到伦敦观光的人,无不想到钟楼周围,站在议会桥上欣赏伦敦这个独具一格的建筑。 伦敦塔 伦敦塔始建于 1078年。它在历史上既作过王宫,也作过法院,后来又是一所监狱。伦敦塔占地7.2公顷,周围用巨石筑成一道厚实的城墙。城墙上有许多炮台、箭楼,四周是一条又宽又深的护城河。伦敦塔现在已经成了对外开放的博物馆。塔内有个珍宝馆,观众可以看到英国历代国王的王冠、王室珍藏的金银珠宝。伦敦古堡中还有一些身体肥胖称为 “渡乌” 的大乌鸦,有专人饲养。伦敦塔有千年的历史,堪称伦敦最悠久的古迹,游客每年达200万人。在出入口处游人可以看到两名身着古老的都铎王朝制服的禁卫,这些 “古老卫士”们,成了游客欣赏和摄影的对象。

大英博物馆 大英博物馆位于伦敦中心,闹区的格雷〃拉塞尔大街北侧。它是一座规模庞大的古罗马柱式建立,气魄雄伟、十分壮观。这里珍藏的文物和图书资料是世界上任何一个博物馆所不能比拟的。大英博物馆建于1753 年,6年后正式开放,原来主要收藏图书,其后兼收历史文物和各国古代艺术品。 威斯敏斯特教堂 威斯敏斯特教堂是11世纪号称“笃信者”的英王爱德华建立的。教堂的主要特点是大门处有一对塔楼。教堂自建以来,一直是英国历代国王或女王加冕礼典和王室成员结婚的场所。英国历代国王死后,大部分葬在这里。英国资产阶级革命后,许多名人死后,在教堂也占有一席之地。英国把威斯敏斯特教堂称为 “荣誉的宝塔尖”。现在,威斯敏斯特大教堂不但是名人的墓地,而且是难得的“历史博物馆”。 饮食篇 英国人的饮食习惯一般是一日四餐,即:早餐、午餐、午茶餐和晚餐。口味喜清淡,不喜辣味。 1. 早餐:英国人十分重视早餐,尤其是周日的早餐。英国人用早餐的时间一般是7: 00-9: 00。传统的英式早餐比较复杂,开始吃一点麦片粥(以正宗苏格兰风味的粗燕麦片粥最为可口,而且富有营养,尤其是加入牛奶或奶油以及糖或盐之后);接着时熏肉片或加鸡蛋或腊肠加熏肉片,有时还吃熏鱼或鲜鱼;最后吃黄油或果酱烤吐司面包,有时还有些水果,饮料是茶或咖啡 2. 午餐:午餐一般在12点至下午2点之间。但对于大多数外出上班或上学的人来说,午餐则是一顿便餐。有些中、小学免费供应午餐。对于大多数工作人员来说,午餐休息时间较短,他们或去所在单位自助餐厅或邻

英国饮食文化

Let’s start with breakfast, the most important meal of the day. Traditional full English breakfast consist of, baked beans, bacon, sausages, eggs (fried or scrambled), toast, tomato and mushrooms. Breakfast is traditionally served with English tea, however coffee is becoming popular as well. As most of the foods are fried, the full English breakfast is not typically very healthy. A healthier alternative is to eat cereal, cornflakes or a sandwich. Many people will often eat a sandwich for breakfast as they can eat it on the go while they are travelling to work. What happens when you wake up late and don’t have time eat breakfast or you don’t feel hungry in the morning and you eat something between breakfast and lunch time. Breakfast + lunch = brunch. Brunch can be combination of breakfast and lunch food and any meal eaten in the late morning is considered as brunch. Lunch really depends on what type of a person you are. There are some people who will eat fast food, junk food everyday such as burgers and pizzas. However some people will eat sandwich or a salad. Children who bring packed lunches to school will definitely eat sandwiches for lunch. Some school do provide school lunches and because of the overweight problem occurring in the UK, school lunches are becoming healthier and healthier each year. Afternoon tea starts about 3 o’clock in the afternoon. Normally people eat some snacks such as, biscuits, cakes and crisps, and a cup of tea. Dinner starts about 6-7 o’clock so only a light snack will do at this time Dinner is the main meal of dayand a typical British meal for dinner is meat and "two veg" (vegetables). We put hot brown gravy, traditionally made from the juices of the roast meat (but more often today from a packet!) on the meat and usually the vegetables. One of the vegetables is almost always potatoes. This traditional meal is rarely eaten nowadays, and often just eaten on Sundays, Sunday Roast. Nowadays British people eatsomething meat based with either rice or pasta and a sauce to go with it, such as Shepherd’s Pie, Bangers (Sausage) and Mash, Steak and curry. Takeaways for dinner are also very popular, Chinese and Indian food are the most common type of takeaway food. Mainly eaten on Fridays and Saturdays. Dessert is also very important, ice cream, cheesecake, apple pie or apple crumble with custard. A famous British dish, which people know about is Fish and chips. Thick cut fries and battered cod or haddock. This is traditionally eaten on the seaside, however even a tiny village in the countryside will definitely have a fish and chip shop.

餐厅英语类 英国饮食文化之早餐篇

美联英语提供:英国饮食文化之早餐篇 分享一个免费试听课,名额有限,碰碰运气吧 https://www.doczj.com/doc/386821392.html,/test/xingzuo.html?tid=16-73675-0 Today people in the UK eat a more varied diet than ever before. As well as the regional diets of England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland the many immigrant communities have introduced their cuisines to the previously unadventurous Britons: Chinese, Greek, Indian, Italian, Thai, American fast foods such as pizza, hamburgers and fried chicken have to some extent displaced the traditional fast food of fish and chips. 今天,人们在英国吃了更多样化的饮食比以往任何时候。以及区域饮食的英格兰,苏格兰,威尔士和北爱尔兰,许多移民社区介绍了他们的菜以前unadventurous英国人:中国,希腊,印度,意大利,泰国,美国快餐食品,如比萨饼,汉堡包和炸鸡已在一定程度上取代传统的快餐店的炸鱼和薯条。 Because of the climate and the Germanic origins of many of its early people, the UK has been a traditionally beer drinking rather than a wine drinking country. Nevertheless, in recent years, vineyards in the south of England have proved successful. In the west of England the traditional drink is cider, rather than beer. Over Britain as a whole, however, the traditional drink is tea. 由于气候和日耳曼起源及其早期的许多人,英国一直是传统上喝啤酒,而不是葡萄酒

英语论文中西方饮食文化差异

2012届本科毕业论文 中西方饮食文化差异 姓名: 系别: 专业: 学号: 指导教师: 2012年5月

The Differences of Dietary Cultures Between China and the West Shangqiu Normal University May 2012

摘要 饮食是人们生存的根本,中西方都不例外。饮食文化是民族文化的重要组成部分。随着21世纪全球化进程,跨文化交际日益频繁,其中饮食文化成了东西方文化交流的最基本内容。但是由于长期以来形成的生活环境、风俗习惯、价值观念的不同,中西方形成了各自不同的饮食文化。由于饮食文化的不同,中西方人在交流的过程中有时会产生一些误解。本文主要从中西方饮食观念、烹饪取材、饮食结构、烹饪方式以及上菜顺序等方面来论述中西方饮食文化差异,以促进中西方文化交际的顺利进行。 关键词:饮食;饮食文化;差异

Abstract Diet is the base of living, with no exception in China or the West. Dietary culture is an important part of the national culture. With the entrance of the 21st century, cross-cultural communication has become more and more frequent, among which dietary culture has been the most basic content. However, because of the differences in living environments, customs and value concepts China and the West have formed their own different dietary cultures. As a result, there appears some misunderstandings sometimes between Chinese and the Westerners in their communication. This paper will analyze the differences of dietary cultures between China and the West from dietary concepts, raw materials, dietary structures, cooking patterns and the order of serving dishes so as to facilitate the efficient communication between Chinese and Westerners. Key words: diet;dietary culture; difference

从英国饮食文化视角谈论最具代表性的英国食物“fish and chips”(英文版)

Talk about from the perspective of the British diet most representative British food "fish and chips" Summary: Food culture is part of the national culture, reflecting the historical development of the national culture. Britain is a country with a rich history and culture, it has his own story, but also compatible with softness, attract new blood, to understand English, you should be aware of Britain's eating habits, food culture, to understand the most representative of the United Kingdom the food, it is necessary to proceed from the British food culture, to understand the habits and customs in the UK diet from all aspects. Keyword: Food Culture; British; Representative Food Britain is a country rich in culture, they retained the original traditional eating habits and cooking skills in cooking, as the British North Atlantic ocean currents affected by the regulation and westerly winds throughout the year, forming a cool, there is rain throughout the year, four seasons cold and heat little change in the temperate climate. Due to climatic conditions, Britain's main plant feed crops and pasture development, and the development of dairying. Britain itself grain and livestock products, but not self-sufficient, need to rely on imports, and therefore, the number of British cooking dishes are affected by external information. However, the British food choice of materials limitations relatively large, so the British do not pay attention to eating seafood, actually prefer beef, lamb, poultry and vegetables. Moreover, Britain is a very particular country gentleman, their gentleman is also reflected in the table. The British tend to be more popular way of cooking are: stewed, grilled, fried, baked, baked and fried. Meat, seafood, game cooking methods are unique, and their beef has a special preference. When not accompanied by seasonal vegetables edible, baked potato, but also add a little mustard sauce on the steak. Most British cuisine seasoning on the table, fancy free to choose, and the British do not like dishes with slime and too spicy dishes, also hanged MSG seasoning. The British do not like the salty taste, love sweet, sour, slightly spicy. British often use oven cooking, the oven-baked dish with a variety of meat and vegetables should be placed in the baking dish with slow roasted to taste the meat and vegetables are out of tune. British like drinking tea, morning to morning tea; to 11:00, to take a break, drink a cup of tea, which they call a light meal around 11 am; after noon, eat lunch, but also with a glass tea; 15:30 to about 4:00 even a cup of tea, elegant formal tea gathering, do not drink tea or eat dim sum restaurants, can be called "tea", tea has almost become British essential to life habits. Britain is also rich in wine, Scotch whiskey production, due to the climate, cultural traditions, the British very fond of drink, therefore, the British wine very powerful, bars everywhere, unique pub culture has become an important part of British culture. There are five major UK Bar: First, traditional pubs, quaint, old, a lot of open-air

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关于中西方美食文化差异的英语 关于中西方美食文化差异的英语 Eating Custom and Practice American eating is funny. They eat almost everything with a fork, and it appears that holding a knife in one's right hand longer than a few seconds is considered to be against good table manners. 饮食的风俗和习惯 美国人的饮食习惯很有趣。他们吃所有东西都用叉子。好像用右手拿刀几秒钟就被认为与好的桌上进餐礼仪相违背。 The system is that if it is absolutely necessary to use a knife, people take the fork in their left hand, and cut off a piece of meat or whatever it is in the normal manner. Then they put the knife down, transfer the fork to their right hand, and only then do they transport the food to their mouth. This is clearly ludicrous(滑稽可笑), but it is considered good manners. 这种用法就是如果绝对需要用刀的话,人们就用左手拿叉,按平常的方法切下移小块肉和者其它的东西。然后他们把刀放下,把叉转到右手,只有这时他们才把食物送入口中。这显然很滑稽,但却是被认为是好的礼仪。

习惯作文之英国人的饮食习惯的英语作文

英国人的饮食习惯的英语作文 【篇一:英国人的饮食习惯及英文介绍】 英国人的饮食习惯及英文介绍 in the uk we have many different names for mealtimes, including ‘breakfast’, ‘brunch’, ‘elevenses’, ‘lunch’, ‘tea’, ‘dinner’ and ‘supper’! what people eat and when can vary greatly – in some parts of the uk, people may eat their meals at different times, and in some parts of the uk, ‘dinner’ means ‘lunch’, and ‘supper’ means ‘dinner’! 在英国,一天中的几顿饭都有它们各自的名字,比如breakfast早餐,brunch早午餐,elevenses午前茶,lunch午餐,tea下午茶,dinner(晚餐,正餐),supper晚饭。什么时候该吃什么区别大着呢,在英国的某些地区,人们是在这几个不同的时间点吃饭,而在 另一些地方,dinner指的是lunch,supper就是dinner。 although this may seem very confusing (and it is, even for british people!), many of the names are very old-fashioned, and not often used. ‘elevenses’ and ‘tea’ are examples of two old-fashioned snacks that are rarely eaten today. ‘elevenses’ is eaten at 11:00 am, consisting of cake or biscuits with a cup of tea or coffee. two traditional characters from english children’s books, winnie the pooh and paddington bear, used to always ‘take elevenses’! ‘tea’ is a very similar meal, and a british tradition, which involves snacking on cakes, with a cup of tea, and is normally eaten between 4:30 and 5:30 pm. 看起来貌似复杂得很(事实正是如此,即使对于英国人来说也一样),很多叫法都早已过时,不怎么被人使用。比如elevenses和tea,这两道茶点现在几乎没什么人享用了。elevenses一般是在上 午11:00,包括一杯一杯茶或咖啡就着蛋糕和饼干吃。童话书《小 熊维尼》和《帕丁顿熊》里的两位传统的小主角一直保留着吃午餐 前茶点的习惯。tea下午茶相当于一小顿饭,按照英国传统,这一餐 需要一杯茶伴着一些蛋糕佐食,时间一般是下午4:30到5:30之间。 however because people tend to have busy lifestyles in contemporary britain, we only eat three main meals each day –called breakfast, lunch and dinner.

英国的饮食文化与习惯

The history of Britain has played a large part in it's traditions, it's culture - and it's food. The Romans for instance brought us cherries, stinging nettles ( to be used as a salad vegetable), cabbages and peas, as well as improving the cultivation of crops such as corn. And they brought us wine! The Romans were prolific road builders, these roads allowing for the first time the easy transportation of produce throughout the country. The Saxons were excellent farmers and cultivated a wide variety of herbs. These were not used just for flavour as they are today but were used as bulk to pad out stews. The Vikings and Danes brought us the techniques for smoking and drying fish - even today the North East coasts of England and Scotland are the places to find the best kippers - Arbroath Smokies, for example. "Collops" is an old Scandinavian word for pieces or slices of meat, and a dish of Collops is traditionally served on Burns Night (25th January) in Scotland. York Ham is a great favourite with the British housewife. The first York Ham is said to have been smoked with the sawdust of oak trees used in the building of York Minster. The Normans invaded not only our country but also our eating habits! They encouraged the drinking of wine and even gave us words for common foods - mutton (mouton) and beef (boeuf) for example. In the 12th century the Crusaders were the first Britons to taste oranges and lemons whilst in Jaffa in 1191-2. Britain has always been a great trading nation. Saffron was first introduced into Cornwall by the Phoenicians at a very early date when they first came to Britain to trade for tin. Derived from the dried and powdered stigmas of the saffron crocus, saffron is still used today in British cooking. The importation of foods and spices from abroad has greatly influenced the British diet. In the Middle Ages, wealthy people were able to cook with spices and dried fruits from as far away as Asia. It has been said however that the poor people were lucky to eat at all! In Tudor times, new kinds of food started to arrive due to the increase in trade and the discovery of new lands. Spices from the Far East, sugar from the Caribbean, coffee and cocoa from South America and tea from India. Potatoes from America began to be widely grown. Eccles Cakes evolved from Puritan days when rich cakes and biscuits were banned.

英国人的饮食与生活习惯

英国的饮食与生活习惯 英国是一个多元化社会,聚集着不同种族、信仰与肤色的人,英国文化历史悠久,拥有世界知名、令人羡慕的歌剧院、博物馆及艺术馆,例如,爱丁堡的苏格兰皇家博物馆、贝尔法斯特的北爱尔兰博物馆、卡的夫国际露天剧场等等。英国的社会治安状况多次名列世界第一,英国人的“绅士风度”世界闻名。 一、饮食 英国人的饮食习惯一般是一日四餐,即:早餐、午餐、午茶餐和晚餐。口味喜清淡,不喜辣味。 1、英国人十分重视早餐,尤其是周日的早餐。英国人用早餐的时间一般是7:00-9:00。传统的英式早餐比较复杂,开始吃一点麦片粥(以正宗苏格兰风味的粗燕麦片粥最为可口,而且富有营养,尤其是加入牛奶或奶油以及糖或盐之后);接着时熏肉片或加鸡蛋或腊肠加熏肉片,有时还吃熏鱼或鲜鱼;最后吃黄油或果酱烤吐司面包,有时还有些水果,饮料是茶或咖啡。 2、午餐 午餐一般在12点至下午2点之间。但对于大多数外出上班或上学的人来说,午餐则是一顿便餐。有些中、小学免费供应午餐。对于大多数工作人员来说,午餐休息时间较短,他们或去所在单位自助餐厅或邻近的快餐店吃顿快餐,或吃自带的简便快餐。这种自备午餐由奶酪、面包、黄油构成,通常还有西红柿、莴苣、芹菜以及沙拉和酸黄瓜。在家中吃午饭的,大多数人的午餐也比较简单,吃些头天晚上剩下的冷肉,外加一些用蔬菜制成的凉菜,以及肉饼、布丁和水果,饭后喝咖啡。也有少数人认为午餐是主餐,要吃牛排、羊排或鱼以及甜饼、饼干、干酪,还喝啤酒。 3、下午茶 下午4-5点钟,有一道下午茶,吃下午茶的英国人不仅仅是喝点饮料或吃一顿饭,而且是一种传统。下午茶一般是红茶、蛋糕、面包和饼干。英国人称下午茶为“茶休”(tea break),时间是一刻钟至二十分钟,不少人还有喝上午茶的习惯。英国人主要是喝奶茶。其做法是先用沸水将茶杯温一下,放进茶和奶,再冲入沸水。奶茶冲好后,有的直接喝,有的在奶茶里加糖、鲜柠檬汁等。糖和柠檬汁等事先放在旁边的器皿中,个人根据口味自取,但绝不能同时加奶和柠檬汁。

英国饮食文化

英国的饮食文化 英国是属于西欧各国其中之一,它的地理位置于欧陆西侧的大西洋上,其纬度在 50度以北,因受北大西洋洋流的调节及西风终年的吹拂,成为冬暖夏凉,终年有雨的 温带海洋性气候。主要栽种饲料作物及牧草,并发展酪农业,但是,由於其本身的食粮 及畜牧产品均不足以自给,需要依赖进口,因此,使其在料理烹调上多少都受到外来资 讯的响影。不过,英国本身是个历史、文化悠久的国家,所以他们在料理上多少还是保 留了原有的传统饮食习惯及烹调技于巧。 英国人的饮食习惯一般是一日四餐,即:早餐、午餐、午茶餐和晚餐。英国人的口味比较清淡,不喜欢辣味。 1、早餐 英国人十分重视早餐,尤其是周日的早餐。英国人用早餐的时间一般是7:00-9:00。传统的英式早餐比较复杂,开始吃一点麦片粥,接着时熏肉片或加鸡蛋或腊肠加熏肉片,有时还吃熏鱼或鲜鱼;最后吃黄油或果酱烤吐司面包,有时还有些水果,饮料是茶或咖啡。不过这种传统的英国早餐近些年来已经让位于一种较为清淡的大陆式早餐。这种早餐是典型的欧洲大陆国家的早餐,不包含需经烹调的主菜,通常有果酱、炸麦片、面包卷、烤面包片、橘子酱和咖啡等。 多数人早餐只吃些抹有黄油的面包,喝点咖啡或牛奶,就匆匆上班了,只有休息日才有时间慢慢享用丰盛的早餐。 2、午餐 午餐一般在12点至下午2点之间。但对于大多数外出上班或上学的人来说,午餐则是一顿便餐。有些中、小学免费供应午餐。对于大多数工作人员来说,午餐休息时间较短,他们或去所在单位自助餐厅或邻近的快餐店吃顿快餐,或吃自带的简便快餐。这种自备午餐由奶酪、面包、黄油构成,通常还有西红柿、莴苣、芹菜以及沙拉和酸黄瓜。在家中吃午饭的,大多数人的午餐也比较简单,吃些头天晚上剩下的冷肉,外加一些用蔬菜制成的凉菜,以及肉饼、布丁和水果,饭后喝咖啡。也有少数人认为午餐是主餐,要吃牛排、羊排或鱼以及甜饼、饼干、干酪,还喝啤酒。 3、下午茶 下午4-5点钟,有一道下午茶,吃下午茶的英国人不仅仅是喝点饮料或吃一顿饭,而且是一种传统。下午茶一般是红茶、蛋糕、面包和饼干。英国人称下午茶为“茶休”,时间是一刻钟至二十分钟,不少人还有喝上午茶的习惯。英国人主要是喝奶茶。其做法是先用沸水将茶杯温一下,放进茶和奶,再冲入沸水。奶茶冲好后,有的直接喝,有的在奶茶里加糖、鲜柠檬汁等。糖和柠檬汁等事先放在旁边的器皿中,个人根据口味自取,但绝不能同时加奶和柠檬汁。茶用茶匙调拌,之后茶匙放在自己的小茶碟里。喝茶时,不是用小茶匙喝,而是直接用茶杯饮用。 4、晚餐 晚餐一般是一天中的正餐,一些讲究的人家进餐前要换上晚礼服。正规的晚餐至少包括三道菜,最常见的主菜就是烤炙肉类浇肉汁,以及牛排、火腿、鱼等,通常是每人。一大块肉(鸡肉、羊肉、猪肉、牛肉等),一盘拌了黄油的土豆泥,一盘青菜(沙拉等)。另外,饭前每人有一碗汤,饭后有点心、冰淇淋以及水果。晚餐时一般要喝啤酒或葡萄酒,一些富人则喝烈性的蒸馏酒——威士忌。 英国人一般较喜爱的烹饪方式有:烩、烧烤、煎和油炸。对肉类、海鲜、野味的烹调均有独到的方式;然而,他们对牛肉类方面又有特别的偏好,如烧烤牛肉,在食用时不仅附上时令的蔬菜、烤土豆,还会在牛排上加上少许的芥茉酱;在佐料的使用上则喜好奶油

英国饮食文化

浅谈英国饮食文化 外国语学院英语084 何彤彤200810010418 摘要:民以食为天。饮食文化是民族文化的一部分,反映了民族历史发展境遇。要了解英国,就应该了解英国的饮食习惯。本文就英国的饮食文化作了较为系统介绍,从各个方面了解英国的在饮食方面的习惯和风俗。 关键词:饮食文化习惯美食餐桌礼仪 (一)引言 英国位于欧陆西侧的大西洋上,其纬度在50度以北,因受北大西洋洋流的调节及西风终年的影响,形成了冬暖夏凉,终年有雨,四季寒暑变化不大的温带海洋性气候。 由于气候条件,英国主要发展栽种饲料作物及牧草,并发展酪农业,但是,由于本身粮食及畜牧产品不能自给,需要依赖进口,基于其历史的发展演变,英国的料理烹调上多少都受到外来资讯的影响。不过,英国本身是个文化底蕴深厚的国家,所以他们在料理上还是保留了原有的传统饮食习惯及烹调技巧。 英国很讲究绅士风度,这一点在吃英国菜时也能体会到。但是,英式菜选料的局限性比较大,英国虽是岛国,但渔场不太好,所以英国人不讲究吃海鲜,反倒比较偏爱牛肉、羊肉、禽类、蔬菜等。[1] (二)饮食烹饪 英国人一般比较喜爱的烹饪方式有:烩、烧烤、煎、焗、烙和油炸。对肉类、海鲜、野味的烹调均有独到的方式;然而,他们对牛肉类方面又有特别的偏好,如烧烤牛肉(roasted beef),在食用时不仅附上时令的蔬菜、烤洋芋,还会在牛排上加上少许的芥茉酱;在佐料的使用上则喜好奶油及酒类;在香料上则喜好肉寇、肉桂等新鲜香料。[2] 英国菜的调料中很少用酒,调味料大都放在餐桌上,任人自由挑选。英国人不喜带粘汁的菜肴和过辣的菜肴,忌用味精调味;也不吃狗肉。其口味不喜太咸,爱甜、酸、微辣味。[3] 英国的烹饪常常用到烤炉,烤炉里有各式各样的焙盘,肉和蔬菜都要放在焙盘里用慢火烤,以便把肉和蔬菜的味道都调出来。[4] (三)饮食习惯之一日三餐 1、早餐:英式早餐是英国饮食文化的重要部分,其以菜点丰富著名。 标准的完全英式早餐主要包括以下几种食品:熏肉(bacon)、煎 蛋、炸蘑菇、炸番茄、煎肉肠、黑布丁有时还有炸薯条,而且还会 有咖啡或茶佐餐。 主食一般是炸面包片,炸面包片也非常诱人,是选用烤制两天后 的面包,切片后用中火在锅里加黄油煎烤,烤出的面包焦黄酥脆,图1:英式早餐 口感香甜。

英国早餐上的饮食文化

英国早餐上的饮食文化 Today people in the UK eat a more varied diet than ever before. As well as the regional diets of England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland the many immigrant communities have introduced their cuisines to the previously unadventurous Britons: Chinese, Greek, Indian, Italian, Thai, American fast foods such as pizza, hamburgers and fried chicken have to some extent displaced the traditional fast food of fish and chips. 今天,人们在英国吃了更多样化的饮食比以往任何时候。以及区域饮食的英格兰,苏格兰,威尔士和北爱尔兰,许多移民社区介绍了他们的菜以前unadventurous 英国人:中国,希腊,印度,意大利,泰国,美国快餐食品,如比萨饼,汉堡包和炸鸡已在一定程度上取代传统的快餐店的炸鱼和薯条。 Because of the climate and the Germanic origins of many of its early people, the UK has been a traditionally beer drinking rather than a wine drinking country. Nevertheless, in recent years, vineyards in the south of England have proved successful. In the west of England the traditional drink is cider, rather than beer. Over Britain as a whole, however, the traditional drink is tea. 由于气候和日耳曼起源及其早期的许多人,英国一直是传统上喝啤酒,而不是葡萄酒的饮用国。然而,近年来,葡萄园在英格兰南部的已证明是成功的。英格兰西部的传统饮料是苹果酒,而不是啤酒。英国作为一个整体,但是,传统的饮料是茶。 今天我们来详细介绍一下英国的早餐。 The most famous meal in Britain could be the traditional breakfast. What makes it so popular with British people and visitors alike? 在英国最有名的一餐可能就要数早餐了。为什么它会这么受英国人和游客的喜爱呢? 英式早餐全餐(British Breakfast),比其他国家的正餐还要丰富,绝非只有牛角包配果酱咖啡的欧式早餐(Continental Breakfast)可比。这份早餐俗称the fry-up,因为里面多是煎炸的食物:香肠(sausage),腌肉(bacon),蘑菇(mushroom),番茄(tomato)。除此之外,还有土司(toast),英式烤饼(scone),茄汁焗豆(baked beans)等食物。 吃英式早餐,鸡蛋是不能少的。鸡蛋通常有四种烹调方法。 Fried 煎 英国人煎蛋,通常只煎一面,蛋黄生生的,俗称“太阳蛋”,也就是美国人口中的 sunny side up Scrambled 炒

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