Figures of Speech in English
英语修辞格简介
1. Simile 明喻
A simile is a figure of speech in which two quite different things are compared because they appear to be similar at least one characteristic.
-- My heart is like a singing bird. —––– Rosetti: A Birthday
-- A word and stone let go cannot be recalled. —––– Proverb
-- I wandered lonely as a cloud. —––– Wordsworth: The Daffodils
-- The ruby shall be redder than a red rose, and the sapphire shall be as blue as the great sea.
-- He had no more idea of money than a cow.
-- A doctor must have the heart of a lion and the hand of a lady.
-- Love and cough cannot be hid. —––– Proverb
2. Metaphor暗喻，隐喻
Metaphor is a figure of speech in which one thing is described in terms of another. In a metaphor, a comparison is usually implicit; whereas in a simile it is explicit.
-- Because of his wealth, he was a fountain of generosity to his relatives and friends.
-- Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.
-- In foreign policy, flying solo can be risky business.
-- He was such a marvelous teacher that whenever he recognized a spark of genius, you should be sure he would water it.
3. Analogy类推；比喻
Analogy is a figure of speech which draws a parallel between two different types of things, and uses one (usually familiar to the reader) to explain the other (usually unfamiliar to the reader). The function of an analogy is to deepen the reader’s understanding of the writer’s point.
For instance, we can use Post Office to explain Email, where analogy is adopted (Post Office ---- Email). And in the essay “Cyberspace: If You Don’t Love It, Leave It”, the author draw a parallel between Real Estate and Cyberspace, while in “The Case Against Man”, the author uses Human Body as a comparison to explain the relationship between different life forms on the planet.
4. Metonymy借代
Metonymy is a figure in which the name of one thing is used to stand for another thing. The two things involved in a metonymy are not of the same kind but are closely related.
-- Have you ever read Shakespeare?
-- The whole city went out to see the victorious general.
-- Moscow and Washington will hold talks on this question.
-- She was, to be sure, a girl who excited the emotion, but I was not to let my heart rule my head.
-- The kettle is boiling.
-- Please drink a cup or two.
5. Antithesis反对；对语，对照
Antithesis means contrasting ideas sharpened by the use of opposite or noticeably different meanings. It can result in linguistic brevity and rhythmic harmony.
-- American imperialism is the strongest in history and also the weakest in history. The skyscraper is highest but the foundation is
shakiest. —––– Anna. L. Strong
-- Any man or state who fight on against Nazidom will have our aid.
Any man or state who marches with Hitler is our foe.
—–––Winston Churchill
-- It was the best of times, it was the worst of times. It was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness. —–––Charles Dickens -- And so, my fellow Americans, ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country. —––– J. Kennedy
6. Oxymoron矛盾修饰法；反衬，反映
It is a figure of speech in which apparently contradictory terms are combined to produce an epigrammatic effect. When contradictory terms are used together, they can reveal the relationship between two things which are opposite or quasi-opposite to each other in meaning.
-- Cruel kindness (opposite in meaning)
-- His air was one of friendly hostility.
-- Cold fire (quasi-opposite in meaning)
-- I don’t mean to imply that we are suddenly threatened in the United Nations with -harmony.
-- His honor rooted in dishonor stood. And faith unfaithful kept him falsely true.
7. Pun双关
It is a figure of speech depending upon a similarity of sound and a disparity of meaning. Pun is usually employed for jocular and humorous effect.
-- An ambassador is an honest man who lies abroad for good of his country.
-- A professor tapped on his desk and shouted: “Gentlemen —– order!”
The entire class yelled, “Beer!”
-- Seven days without water make one weak. (= week)
-- Ask for me tomorrow and you will find me a grave man.
—––– Shakespeare
8. Paradox 反论; （似非而是的）隽语, 警句
Paradox is a statement which is contrary to expectation, apparently absurd or self-contradictory. But in fact, it is reasonable and logical. A paradox often implies profound meaning, hence thought-provoking.
-- The child is father of the man. —––– W. Wordsworth
-- Those who have eyes apparently see little. —––– Helen Keller
-- Most haste, less speed.
9. Alliteration头韵法
Alliteration refers to the repetition usually of an initial sound that is usually a consonant in two or more neighboring words or syllables. The use of it goes back to ancient times. As one of the phonetic rhetorical devices, it remains a preferable means in literary creation.
-- Next to health, heart, home, happiness for mobile Americans depends upon the automobile.
-- She sells seashells on the seashore, and the shells she sells are seashells.
-- And sings a solitary song,
That whistles in the wind. —––– W. Wordsworth -- China’s cities, after decades of bolted doors and barred windows, are suddenly being opened to sweeping changes.
—––– News Weekly
10. Irony反语，反话
Irony is a figure of speech in which the meaning literally expressed is the opposite of the meaning intended and which aims at ridicule, humor or sarcasm. Sometimes irony is used to show people’s intimate feeling, but in most cases, it is used to criticize or expose bad and ugly things.
Two types of irony:
1) Anti phrase (words used obviously with meanings opposite to their literal one)
-- Blessed are the young, for they shall inherit the national debt.
-- This hard-working boy seldom reads more than an hour per week.
2) Situations irony (Words used with implied meanings which can not
be taken literally but from the context.)
-- “It’s no use going to see little Hans in winter,” the Miller used to say to his wife, “When people are in trouble we must leave
them alone and not bother them. That is my idea of
friendship, and I am sure I am right. ”
—––– Oscar Wilde, The Devoted Friend
11. Parallelism排比，平行结构
12. Personification拟人
13. Hyperbole夸张
14. Euphemism委婉语
15. Contrast对照
16. Repetition反复
17. Climax层递
18. Transferred Epithet 移就
19. Parody 仿拟
20. Onomatopoeia拟声
本文根据《大学英语》中出现的最常见的几种修辞格加以分析，希望有助于大家在学习英语的过程中能够恰当地选择修辞手段来丰富自己的表达。 明喻(Simile) 明喻是一种最简单、最常见的修辞方法，是以两种具有共同特征的事物或现象进行对比，表明本体和喻体的关系，两者都在对比中出现，其基本格式是“A像B”，常用的比喻词有as, like, as if, as though等。例如： ●He jumped back as if he had been stung, and the blood rushedsint oshis wrinkled face.(他往后一跳，好像被什么东西叮了一下似的，他那张布满皱纹的脸顿时涨得通红。)在《品尝家》一文中老人对“我”的慷慨施舍的反应如同被蜜蜂叮过一样，生动地刻画出一个处境凄凉内心却极度敏感的可怜老人的形象。 ●The cheque fluttered to the floor like a bird with a broken wing. (支票跌落到地上，像一只断了翅膀的小鸟。)《礼物》一文中，老太太喜迎八十大寿，大女儿不来庆祝，只寄来一张支票。作者把这张支票比作断了翅膀的小鸟，形象地表达出此刻老太太希望破灭，极度伤心的心情。 暗喻(Metaphor) 暗喻也是一种比喻，但不用比喻词，因此被称作缩减了的明喻(a compressed simile)。它直接把一种事物名称用在另一事物上，从而更生动、更深刻地说明事理，增强语言的表现力。例如： ●What will parents do without the electronic baby-sitter? (如果没有这位电子保姆，父母该怎么办呢？)形象地说明了电视机的保姆功用。 ●... while most of us are only too ready to apply to others the cold wind of criticism, we are somehow reluctant to give our fellows the warm sunshine of praise.(……但是我们中的很多人太容易给别人批评的冷风，而不愿意给自己的同伴赞扬
广告英语翻译常用词汇 产品远销英国、美国、日本、意大利和东南亚，深受消费者欢迎和好评Our products are sold in Britain, America, Japan, Italy and South East Asia and well appreciated by their purchasers. 畅销全球 selling well all over the world 典雅大方 elegant and graceful 定型耐久 durable modeling 方便顾客 making things convenient for customers 方便群众 making things convenient for the people; to suit the peo ple's convenience 方便商品 convenience goods 方便生活 bringing more convenience to the people in their daily life; prov iding amenities for the people; making life easier for the popula tion 各式俱全 wide selection; large assortment
顾客第一 Customers first 顾客是我们的皇帝 We take customers as our Gods. 规格齐全 a complete range of specifications; complete in specific ations 花样繁多 a wide selection of colours and designs 货色齐全 goods of every description are available. 客商第一，信誉第一 clients first, reputation first 款式多样 a great variety of models 款式活泼端庄 vivid and great in style 款式齐全 various styles 款式新颖 attractive designs; fashionable(in) style; novel (in) de sign; up-to-date styling 款式新颖众多 diversified latest designs 美观大方 elegant appearance 美观耐用 attractive and durable 品质优良，疗效显著，誉满全球，欢迎选购 excellent quality, evident effect, good reputation over the world, orders are welcome. 品种多样 numerous in variety 品种繁多 great varieties 品种齐全 complete range of articles; a great variety of goods
剪纸paper-cuts 除夕the eve of the lunar New Year 守岁stay up late on the New Year’s Eve 放爆竹let off firecrackers 拜年pay a New Year visit 团圆饭family reunion dinner 敬酒propose a toast 红包red packets (cash wrapped up in red paper) 舞狮lion dance 舞龙dragon dance 灯笼lantern 灯谜riddles written on lanterns 灯会exhibit of lanterns 表示主要的，重要的词primary, major, main, chief, important, essential, significant 表示充足的enough, sufficient, plenty, abundant 表示适当的appropriate 表示提升，改善，加强enhance, improve, strengthen 表示合法valid, legal, lawful, rightful 表示卓越不凡extraordinary, excellent, uncommon, remarkable, outstanding. 表示很有名气well-known, noticeable, famous 表示义务，有责任去做compulsory, required, obligatory 表示积极，主动positive, proactive 表示合理sound, rational, correct, sensible, logical,
常见英文修辞手法（Figures of Speech） 英文的修辞手法种类繁多，功能多样，但总体说来，采用修辞手法，目的是为了使表达生动、形象，有感染力，给人以美感，即实现许渊冲先生所指的的语言的三美：“音美、形美和意美”。 1. figures of comparison: simile, metaphor. (resemblance of two identities) Simile: a figure involves an expressed comparison, always introduced by “like”, “as”or “as if”. e.g.: a. Hair is all over his head a foot long and hanging from his chin like a kinky mule tail. (Alice Walker: Everyday Use for Your Grandmama) b. Maggie?s hand is as limp as a fish. (Alice Walker: Everyday Use for Your Grandmama) Metaphor: the substitution of one thing for another because of the resemblance between them. It is an implied comparison without “as” or “like”. Nouns, verbs and adjectives can be used metaphorically. e.g.: a. Little donkeys with harmoniously tinkling bells thread their way among the throngs of people entering and leaving the bazaar. (The Middle Eastern Bazaar) b. The dye-market, the pottery-market and the carpenters? market lie elsewhere in the maze of the vaulted streets which honeycomb this bazaar. (The Middle Eastern Bazaar) c. Darrow walked slowly round the baking court. (The Trial that Rocked the World) d. H. L. Mencken wrote sulphurous dispatches sitting in his pants with a fan blowing on him…(The Trial that Rocked the World) 2. Personification: a figure that endows objects, animals, ideas, or abstractions with human form, character, or sensibility. 1）TO inanimate objects（把无生命的物体拟人化）e.g.: a. The thirsty soil drank in the rain. b. The mist, like love, plays upon the heart of the hills and brings out surprises of beauty. 2) to inanimate living organisms (把有生物拟人化) e.g. a. He (the Fox) muttered as he retreated: “Well! What does it matter! The Grapes are sour!”…. ( Aesop’s Fables) b. Stray birds of summer come to my window to sing and fly away. And yellow leaves of autumn, which have no songs, flutter and fall there with a sigh. (Tagore: Stray Birds) 3) To inanimate concepts or ideas (把抽象概念拟人化) e.g.: a. Wrong cannot afford defeat but Right can. (谬误经不起失败，但真理却不怕失败) (Tagore: Stray Birds)
1.素质教育：Quality Education 2. EQ：分两种，一种为教育商数Educational quotient，另一种情感商数Emotional quotient 3. 保险业：the insurance industry 4. 保证重点指出：ensure funding for priority areas 5. 补发拖欠的养老金：clear up pension payments in arrears 6. 不良贷款：non-performing loan 7. 层层转包和违法分包：mutlti-level contracting and illegal subcontracting 8. 城乡信用社：credit cooperative in both urban and rural areas 9. 城镇居民最低生活保障：a minimum standard of living for city residents 10. 城镇职工医疗保障制度：the system of medical insurance for urban workers 11. 出口信贷：export credit 12. 贷款质量：loan quality 13. 贷款质量五级分类办法：the five-category assets classification for bank loans 14. 防范和化解金融风险：take precautions against and reduce financial risks 15. 防洪工程：flood-prevention project 16. 非法外汇交易：illegal foreign exchange transaction 17. 非贸易收汇：foreign exchange earnings through nontrade channels 18. 非银行金融机构：non-bank financial institutions 19. 费改税：transform administrative fees into taxes 20. 跟踪审计：foolow-up auditing 21. 工程监理制度：the monitoring system for projects 22. 国有资产安全：the safety of state-owned assets 23. 过度开垦：excess reclamation 24. 合同管理制度：the contract system for governing projects 25. 积极的财政政策：pro-active fiscal policy 26. 基本生活费：basic allowance 27. 解除劳动关系：sever labor relation 28. 金融监管责任制：the responsibility system for financial supervision 29. 经济安全：economic security 30. 靠扩大财政赤字搞建设：to increase the deficit to spend more on development 31. 扩大国内需求：the expansion of domestic demand 32. 拉动经济增长：fuel economic growth 33. 粮食仓库：grain depot 34. 粮食收购企业：grain collection and storage enterprise 35. 粮食收购资金实行封闭运行：closed operation of grain purchase funds 36. 粮食销售市场：grain sales market 37. 劣质工程：shoddy engineering
Datasheet中常用英语词汇翻译 序号英文术语中文术语 1 backplane 背板 2 Band gap voltage reference 带隙电压参考 3 benchtop supply 工作台电源 4 Block Diagram 方块图 5 Bode Plot 波特图 6 Bootstrap 自举 7 Bottom FET Bottom FET 8 bucket capcitor 桶形电容 9 chassis 机架 10 Combi-sense Combi-sense 11 constant current source 恒流源 12 Core Sataration 铁芯饱和 13 crossover frequency 交*频率 14 current ripple 纹波电流 15 Cycle by Cycle 逐周期 16 cycle skipping 周期跳步 17 Dead Time 死区时间 18 DIE Temperature 核心温度 19 Disable 非使能，无效，禁用，关断 20 dominant pole 主极点 21 Enable 使能，有效，启用 22 ESD Rating ESD额定值
23 Evaluation Board 评估板 24 Exceeding the specifications below may result in permanent damage to the device, or device malfunction. Operation outside of the parameters specified in the Electrical Characteristics section is not implied. 超过下面的规格使用可能引起永久的设备损害或设备故障。建议不要工作在电特性表规定的参数范围以外。 25 Failling edge 下降沿 26 figure of merit 品质因数 27 float charge voltage 浮充电压 28 flyback power stage 反驰式功率级 29 forward voltage drop 前向压降 30 free-running 自由运行 31 Freewheel diode 续流二极管 32 Full load 满负载 33 gate drive 栅极驱动 34 gate drive stage 栅极驱动级 35 gerber plot Gerber 图 36 ground plane 接地层 37 Henry 电感单位：亨利 38 Human Body Model 人体模式 39 Hysteresis 滞回 40 inrush current 涌入电流 41 Inverting 反相 42 jittery 抖动 43 Junction 结点 44 Kelvin connection 开尔文连接
翻译常用词汇 高枕无忧resting without worries 史无前例unprecedented in the history 不可一世a conquering hero 毫不示弱equally firmly 量体裁衣to act according to actual circumstances 一刀两断to cut it clean 与虎谋皮to ask a tiger for its skin 六亲不认to disown all one’s relatives and fri ends 英雄本色the true quality of a hero 英雄所见略同Great minds think alike. 每逢佳节倍思亲On festive occasions more than ever we think of our dear ones faraway. 上有好，下必有其焉。What the superior loves, his inferiors will be found to love exceedingly.大江东去，浪淘尽，千古风流人物。The Great River flows to the east: Its waves have washed away all the men of untrammeled spirit of a thousand ages. 上兵伐谋，其次伐交。What is supremely important in war is to attack the enemy’s strategy. Next best is to disrupt his alliances. 问君能有几多愁，恰似一江春水向东流。I wonder how many sorrows you have. They are exactly like the Yangtze River unceasingly flowing eastward in spring. 千呼万唤始出来，犹抱琵琶半遮面。Only after a thousand entreaties does she appear. Her face half hidden behind the guitar (pipa) in her arms. 吃得苦中苦，方为人上人。Only if you can stand the hardest of hardships can you hope to rise in society. 是非经过不知难You never know how hard a task is almost until you have done it yourself. 满招损Pride goes before a fall. / Pride spells failure. 适可而止Bind the sack before it be full. 好汉做事好汉当A true man has the courage to accept the consequences of his own actions.知己知彼，百战不殆。To know one’s and the enemy’s situation ensures victory. 牵扯之覆，后车之鉴。The overturned car ahead is a warning to the ones behind. 山雨欲来风满楼The wind sweeping through the tower heralds a rising storm in the mountains. 是故学然后知不足，教然后之困。Therefore, to learn makes us realize our deficiency, and to teach makes us know the difficulties. 人尽其才、地尽其利、物尽其利、货畅其流。Our human, land and material resources should be used to the best advantage, and our goods should be in good circulation. 父母有抚养教育未成年子女的义务，成年子女有赡养扶助父母的义务。Parents have the duty to rear and education their children who are minors, and children who have come of age have the duty to support and assist their parents. 中华人民共和国公民有劳动的权利和义务。Citizens of the P eople’s Republic of China have the right as well as the duty of work. 各民族公民都有用本民族语言文字进行诉讼的权利。Citizens of all nationalities have the right to use the spoken and written languages of their own nationalities in court proceedings.
英语翻译常用词组汇总 be free from没有……的，不受……影响be identified as…被认为是… be known as被称做……，以……著称be known to为……所熟知 be popular with…受……欢迎 be prepared for对……做好准备 be regarded as被认为是…，被当做是… be satisfied with对……满意，满足于… be second to…次于… be sick of…对…感到厌倦 be used as…被用做… be used to…习惯于… get used to…习惯于… all of a sudden突然 all the time一直,始终 as a rule通常,照例 as far as...be concerned就...而言as to…至于…,关于… at best充其量,至多 before long 不久以后 beyond question毫无疑问 by all means尽一切办法,务必 every now and then时而,偶尔 in itself本质上,就其本身而言 sooner or later迟早,早晚 abide by… 遵守…,信守… agree with与…相一致同意…
be beneficial to… 有利于…，有益于… turn a blind eye to… 对…视而不见 by leaps and bounds飞速地，突飞猛进地 when it comes to一谈到…,就…而论 disagree with… 与…意见不一致不同意… give an opinion on… 对…发表意见 a dapt oneself to…=adjust oneself to…使自己适应于… attribute…to…把…归因于…，认为…是…的结果comment on…评论… concentrate on/upon…集中注意力于… on the contrary与之相反 convince somebody of something使某人确信某事deprive somebody of something剥夺某人某物 in detail详细地 be equipped with…装备有… in essence本质上 to…extent在…程度上 inform. somebody of something通知某人某事 lie in在于… major in主修… in the light of… 按照…，根据… on account of… 因为…，由于… in addition to… 除…之外 on (the/an) average平均，一般来说 on the basis of… 根据…，在…的基础上 at (the) best充其量，至多 on business因公，因事 in any case无论如何，总之
高考英语作文常用的12个修辞手法 文章最忌语言枯燥无味，一篇好的作文，语言应该生动形象。而恰当地运用修辞手法，可以使文字新鲜活泼、具体逼真，大大增强艺术表现力，扩大语言表达的范围；而且还可以激发读者的想象，给人留下深刻的印象。下面介绍一些英语作文中常用的修辞手法。 1、比喻 (metaphor) 比喻就是打比方。可分为明喻和暗喻： 明喻 (simile)： 用like， as， as。。。as， as if(though) 或用其他词语指出两个不同事物的相似之处。例如： O my love’s like a red， red rose。我的爱人像一朵红红的玫瑰花。 The man can’t be trusted。 He is as slippery as an eel。那个人不可信赖。他像鳗鱼一样狡猾。 He jumped as if he had been stung。他像被蜇了似的跳了起来。 Childhood is like a swiftly passing dream。童年就像一场疾逝的梦。 暗喻 (metaphor)： 用一个词来指代与该词所指事物有相似特点的另外一个事
物。例如： He has a heart of stone。他有一颗铁石心肠。 The world is a stage。世界是一个大舞台。 2、换喻(metonymy) 用某一事物的名称代替另外一个与它关系密切的事物的名称，只要一提到其中一种事物，就会使人联想到另一种。比如用the White House 代替美国政府或者总统，用the bottle来代替wine 或者alcohol，用the bar 来代替the legal profession，用 crown代替 king等。例如： His purse would not allow him that luxury。他的经济条件不允许他享受那种奢华。 The mother did her best to take care of the cradle。母亲尽最大努力照看孩子。 He succeeded to the crown in 1848。他在1848年继承了王位。 3、提喻 (synecdoche) 指用部分代表整体或者用整体代表部分，以特殊代表一般或者用一般代表特殊。例如： He earns his bread by writing。他靠写作挣钱谋生。 The farms were short of hands during the harvest season。在收获季节里农场缺乏劳动力。 Australia beat Canada at cricket。澳大利亚队在板球
2019英语四级翻译常用词汇：教育词汇 成人夜校 night school for adults 在职进修班 on-job training courses 政治思想教育 political and ideological education 毕业生分酉己 graduate placement; assignment of graduate 充电update one’s knowledge 初等教育 elementary education 大学城 college town 大学社区 college community 高等教育 higher education 高等教育“211 工程” the “211 Project” for higher education 高等学府 institution of higher education 综合性大学 comprehensive university 文科院校 colleges of (liberal) arts 理工科大学 college / university of science and engineering 师范学院teachers’ college; normal college 高分低能 high scores and low abilities 高考(university/college) entrance examination 高校扩招 the college expansion plan
教育界 education circle 教育投入 input in education 九年义务教育 nine-year compulsory education 考研 take the entrance exams for postgraduate schools 课外活动 extracurricular activities 必修课 required/compulsory course 选修课 elective/optional course 基础课 basic courses 专业课 specialized courses 课程表 school schedule 教学大纲 teaching program; syllabus 学习年限 period of schooling 学历 record of formal schooling 学分 credit 启发式教学 heuristic teaching 人才交流 talent exchange 人才战 competition for talented people 商务英语证书 Business English Certificate (BEC) 适龄儿重入学率 enrollment rate for children of school age 升学率 proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade; enrollment rate
立身以立学为先，立学以读书为本 1. prepositions [,pr?p?'z???n] n. [语] 介词；系词（preposition的复数） 2. passive voice 被动态，被动式 3. Passive ['p?s?v] adj. 被动的，消极的；被动语态的; n. 被动语态 4. past perfect （动词的）过去完成时 5. Simple ['s?mp(?)l] adj. 简单的；单纯的；天真的; n. 笨蛋；愚蠢的行为；出身低微者; n. (Simple)人名；(法)桑普勒 6. conditional sentences 条件句（conditional sentence的复数） 7. type [ta?p] n. 类型，品种；模范；样式;n. (Type)人名；(英)泰普;vt. 打字；测定（血等）类型;vi. 打字 8. question tags 反意疑问句 9. tags [t?gz] n. 标签；（机动车）牌照；称呼（tag 的复数） v. 附加；加标签于；给…起绰号（tag 的单三形式） 10. possessives n. 所有格（possessive的复数）11. modals n. 情态动词（modal的复数形式）12. articles n. [语] 文章；物品；[法] 条款（article的复数）；[语] 冠词 v. 使受协议条款的约束；指控（article的三单形式） 13. pronouns n. 代词；[语] 代名词 14. emphatic [?m'f?t?k; em-] adj. 着重的；加强语气的；显著的15. reflexive [r?'fleks?v] n. 反身代词；反身动词; adj. 反身的；[物] 反射的 16. present perfect progressive 现在完成进行时 17. present ['prez(?)nt] n. 现在；礼物；瞄准;adj. 现在的；出 席的;vt. 提出；介绍；呈现；赠送;vi. 举枪 瞄准 18. perfect ['p??f?kt] n. 完成式;n. (Perfect)人名；(英)珀费 克特;adj. 完美的；最好的；精通的;vt. 使完 美；使熟练 19. progressive [pr?'gres?v] n. 改革论者；进步分子;adj. 进步的； 先进的 20. past simple 一般过去时 21. simple ['s?mp(?)l] n. 笨蛋；愚蠢的行为；出身低微者 n. (Simple)人名；(法)桑普勒 adj. 简单的；单纯的；天真的 22. Present Perfect Simple 23. object ['?bd??kt; -d?ekt] n. 目标；物体；客体；宾语 vt. 提出…作为反对的理由 vi. 反对；拒绝 24. comparison [k?m'p?r?s(?)n] n. 比较；对照；比喻；比较关系 25. adverbs n. [语] 副词（adverb的复数） 26. adjectives n. [语] 形容词（adjective的复数） 27. simple past （动词的）一般过去式 28. past progressive 过去进行体；过去进行时 29. present progressive 现在进行时 时 | 现在进行体 | 现在进行式 30. present simple 一般现在时 31. imperative [?m'per?t?v] n. 需要；命令；祈使语气；规则;adj. 必要的，势在必行的；命令的；紧急的 32. personal ['p??s(?)n(?)l] n. 人事消息栏；人称代名词;adj. 个人 的；身体的；亲自的 33. possessive [p?'zes?v] adj. 占有的；所有的；所有格的；占 有欲强的 n. 所有格 34. forms n. 表格（form的复数形式）；表单； 窗体;v. 形成（form的第三人称单数）；培 养；制作 35. case [ke?s] n. 情况；实例；箱;vt. 包围；把…装 于容器中;n. (Case)人名；(英)凯斯；(西)卡 塞；(法)卡斯 36. countable ['ka?nt?b(?)l] n. 可数名词；可数的东西; adj. 可计算的；能算的 37. uncountable noun 不可数名词 38. plural form 复数形式 39. ordinal numbers 序数词，[数] 序数 40. ordinal ['??d?n(?)l] n. [数] 序数;adj. 顺序的，依次的 41. reflexive pronouns 反身代词 42. future tense 未来式；将来时态 43. future ['fju?t??] n. 未来；前途；期货；将来时 adj. 将来的，未来的 44. tense [tens] n. 时态;adj. 紧张的；拉紧的;vt. 变得 紧张；使拉紧;vi. 拉紧，变得紧张 45. plural ['pl??r(?)l] n. 复数;adj. 复数的 46. past simple tense 一般过去时 47. negative ['neg?t?v] adj. [数] 负的；消极的；否定的；阴 性的 n. 否定；负数；[摄] 底片 vt. 否定；拒绝 48. interrogative [,?nt?'r?g?t?v] adj. 疑问的；质问的; n. 疑问词 49. continuous [k?n't?nj??s] adj. 连续的，持续的；继续的；连绵 不断的 50. affirmative [?'f??m?t?v] n. 肯定语；赞成的一方 adj. 肯定的；积极的 51. possessive adjectives 物主形容词 52. plurals [语] 复数 53. quantify ['kw?nt?fa?] vt. 确定…的数量；用数量表示；测 量，计量；量化(把质的变为量的)：；【军 事】估算 54. wh-questions 特殊疑问句 55. possessive pronouns 物主代词；所有格代名词 （possessive pronoun的复数） 56. synonyms ['sin?nimz] n. [语] 同义词，同义字；同一性 （synonym的复数） 57. antonyms n. [语] 反义词（antonym的复数形 式）；反义字 58. conjunctions ['k?nd??nk??ns] n. 连词；[语] 连接词；[数] 合取 （conjunction的复数形式） 59. contractions n. 收缩；缩略形式（contraction的 复数）
26种常见修辞格名称的释义及举例 英语修辞格的运用（二）名称定义 Figures of speech (修辞)are ways of making our language figurative. When we use words in other than their ordinary or literal sense to lend force to an idea, to heighten effect, or to create suggestive imagery, we are said to be speaking or writing figuratively Now we are going to talk about some common forms of figures of speech.以下是26种常见修辞格名称的释义及举例： 1) Simile：(明喻）It is a figure of speech which makes a comparison between two unlike elements having at least one quality or characteristic (特性)in common. To make the comparison, words like as, as...as, as if and like are used to transfer the quality we associate with one to the other. For example, As cold waters to a thirsty soul, so is good news from a far country. In his dream he saw the tiny figure fall as a fly(simile)在他的梦中他看见那小小的人影像苍蝇一般地落了下来。 2) Metaphor：(暗喻）It is like a simile, also makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but unlike a simile, this comparison is implied rather than stated. For example, The world is a stage.世界就像一个大舞台。 Life is an isthmus between two eternities．(Metaphor)生活是永恒的生死两端之间的峡道。 3) Analogy: (类比）It is also a form of comparison, but unlike simile or metaphor which usually uses comparison on one point of resemblance, analogy draws a parallel between two unlike things that have several common qualities or points of resemblance. Analogy:a comparison between one thing and another, typically for the purpose of explanation or clarification 比拟说明，类比 4) Personification: (拟人）It gives human form of feelings to animals, or life and personal