知识梳理
1．大多数的以- (e)s 结尾的名词表示复数意义，但means，news，goods，works 通常表示单数意义，不过，这几个词中个别名词在具体的语境中也可以表示复数意义。判断的方法是：若这些词前有a，such a，this，that，each，every 修饰时，谓语用单数。means，no means，the means 等前没有上述修饰语时，谓语动词可用单数，也可用复数。
Every means has been tried．
All possible means have been tried．
2．由成双(对)部分组成的衣服或物品的名词名称，如trousers，glasses等，通常用作复数。但若其前有表示单位的pair，piece 等量词时，则谓语的单复数由这些量词的单复数决定。
His trousers have worn out．
The pair of trousers has worn out.
3．专有名词及书名，通常只做单数用。
The Selected Poems of Li Bai was published long ago．
The United Nations was set up in 1945．
4．family，team，party，class，public，club，crew，crowd，group，enemy，audience，committee，company 等词作为一个整体看时，表示单数意义，他们的复数形式须根据具体情况添加复数后缀- (e)s。若就其中一个个成员来看时，则表示复数形式。集合名词作主语时，动词的数要与主语表示的概念一致，不与主语的形式一致。
My family is active．
My family are early risers.
The two families live in Beijing．
5．people，cattle（牲口），police 等只能表示复数意义，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
The police have caught the murderer．
6．population 作主语时，通常看作单数，若population 前有分数、百分数修饰时，则句子谓语通常用复数。
The population in China is very large，and eighty percent of the population in China are farmers．
7．单复数同形的名词，如：sheep，deer 等作主语时，应根据主语的单复数意义确定谓语动词的形式。
A deer is over there．
Some deer are over there．
8．表示度量、距离、金额、时间等数量的名词(词组)作主语时，通常看作单数。
Twenty years has passed．
9．分数，量词，数学算式通常看作单数。但若强调数量时，也可看作复数，尤其是对于加法和乘法算式。在对加、减、乘、除的得数提问时，若用how much，则谓语动词多用单数，若用how many 提问，则谓语动词多用复数。
Twenty divided by four is five．二十除以四得五。
Four plus (and) three is／are seven．四加三等于七。
How much is ten divided by five? 十除以五得多少？
How many are four times two? 四乘二得多少？
10．由分数，百分数+ of + 名词或some／a lot of／lots of／plenty of／a large quantity of／the rest of／half of／part of + 名词构成的短语作主语时，谓语动词的数由短语中名词的数决定。
The rest of meat goes bad．
The rest of workers are still very tired．
11．a number of，many，a few 只能修饰可数名词的复数形式，它们的谓语动词用复数。a little，much，a great deal of，a large amount of 只能修饰不可数名词，其谓语动词用单数形式。
A number of scientists are invited to the party．
A great deal of petrol is wasted．
12．the number of + 可数名词的复数形式，the amount of + 不可数名词，the quantity of + 可数名词的复数形式或不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。这是因为主语的中心词分别是number，amount，quantity。
The number of students in Class 9 is 105．
?13．more than + 名词词组作主语时，谓语动词的数要与名词词组中心词的数一致。more + 复数名词+ than one 作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数。
More than two hundred people have turned up．
More than one person has voted against him．
More people than one have voted against him．
14．many a + 单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Many a student has made that mistake．
(比较：Many students have made that mistake．)
?15．one and a half + 名词复数形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
One and a half apples is left on the table．
?16．this kind of + 复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数，复数名词+ of this kind 作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
This kind of animals is dangerous．
Animals of this kind are dangerous．
17．由and，both...and...连接的并列主语通常表示复数意义，谓语动词应用复数。但当并列主语指的是同一个人(如事物或概念)时，谓语动词应用单数形式。判别二者的方法通常要看and 后的名词前是否有冠词。
The writer and the poet are here．(作家和诗人)
The writer and poet is here．(作家兼诗人)
18．关联连词not...but..., not only...but also..., or，either...or, neither... nor...等连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数与它紧邻的主语一致。（就近原则）
Not only the boys but (also) the father was to blame．
19．主语后面跟有as well as，along with，with，together with，except，besides，including，followed by 等引导的词组时，谓语动词的单、复数根据主语的单、复数而定。（就前原则）
The girl as well as boys has learned to use computers．
20．each...and each..., every...and every...连接的名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Each man and each woman is asked to help．
21．不定代词either，neither，all, none, each, the other, another, such, the same 以及所有的复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词习惯上用单数。但none 可看作复数，有时也可看作单数。
Everyone is here；no one is absent．
22．关系代词who，that，which 等在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与先行词的数保持一致。
He is one of students who want to learn how to use the computer．(先行词是students)
He is the only one of students who wants to learn how to use the computer．(先行词是one)
23．the + 形容词通常表示一类人，看作复数；但在具体语境中也可表示一个人。
The wounded were treated well．
The wounded (soldier) was taken away by a little peasant boy．
24．名词性从句作主语时，通常看作单数。但若其表示复数概念，则应看作复数。判断的一般方法是看表语的单复数。
What we need is more money．
What we need are more clothes
25．不定式，v - ing 形式作主语时，通常看作单数。
To have finished writing the essay is quite a relief to me．
Reading English is easier than speaking it．
典题精析
26. His "Selected Poems" _____first published in 1965.
A.were
B. was
C. has been
D. are
27. Miss Smith is a friend of ______.
A. Mary's mother's
B. Mary's mother
C. Mother's of Mary
D. Mary mother's
28. A good deal of money ____spent on books.
A. have
B. has
C. have been
D. has been
29. On the wall _____ two large portraits.
A. hangs
B. hang
C. hanged
D. hanging
30. _____turn green in spring.
A. Leaf
B. Leafs
C. Leave
D. Leaves
31. Father went to his doctor for ____about his heart trouble.
A. an advice
B. advice
C. advices
D. the advices
32. All but one ____here just now.
A. is
B. was
C. has been
D. were
33. The number of people invited _____fifty，but a number of them _____absent for different reasons.
A. were; was
B. was; was
C. was; were
D. were; were
34. The air in big cities _____very dirty by factories.
A. are often made
B. is often made
C. have often made
D. has often made
35. Nobody ____to smoke in the cinema.
A. allows
B. allow
C. is allowed
D. are allowed
能力提升
36. The Chinese people _____hard-working and brave.
A. are
B. is
C. has been
D. are being
37. ____can be done _____been done.
A. All; have
B. All that; have
C. All; has
D. All that; has
38. John has two brothers，but either ____out of work now.
A. are
B. is
C. has
D. have
39. The police ____the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre.
A. is searching for
B. were searching for
C. are searching for
D. were searching
40. Apples of this kind ____.
A. tastes good
B. tastes well
C. taste good
D. taste well
41. Your trousers ____dirty，you must have _____washed.
A. is; it
B. are; it
C. are; them
D. is; them
42. Where ____rubbish，there are flies.
A. there are
B. there is
C. is
D. there has
43. The Olympic Games ____held every ____years.
A. is; four
B. are; four
C. is; five
D. are; five
44. Many a man _____ come to help us.
A. have
B. has
C. is
D. are
45. He is the only one of the students who _____elected.
A. are
B. have
C. has
D. is
随堂小测(三智题库QYF)
46. Three-fourths of the homework _____today.
A. has finished
B. has been finished
C. have finished
D. have been finished
47. Those who ____ in ____compositions，please hand them in this afternoon.
A. hasn't handed; his
B. haven't handed; their
C.has handed; their
D. have handed; his
48. Jane is one of the best students in her class who _____by their teacher.
A. are praised
B. is praised
C. praised
D. praising
49. The whole class _____the teacher attentively.
A. are listening to
B. is listening to
C. are listening
D. is listening
50. The United States of America _____one of the most developed countries in the world.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
师生互动
答案
典题精析.26-30 BADBD 31-35 BDCBC
能力提升. 36-40 ADBBC 41-45 CBBBD
随堂小测46-50 BBAAA
英语语法讲解——主谓一致 英语中,主语的单复数形式决定着谓语动词的单复数形式. 主谓一致必须遵循以下三条原则:语法一致原则,意义一致原则,就近一致原则.根据这三条原则,现从以下几个方面进行总结: 一, 并列结构作主语时的主谓一致 1.由and 连接的两个单数名词作主语时,谓语动词一般根据语法一致的原则用复数. 如: A young man and a girl want to go there. 一个青年男子和一个姑娘想去那里. 但如果在意义上指同一个人,同一件事或同一个概念时,谓语动词要用单数形式.如: A needle and thread was found on the floor. 在地板上找到了针线(穿了线的针). 2. 当each ...and each..., every...and every..., no...and no..., many a...and many a...结构作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式.如: ①No man and no animal is to be found on the moo n. 在月球上没发现人和动物. ②Many a doctor and many a nurse is busy with their work.
许多医生和护士都忙于他们的工作. 3.一个单数名词同时被两个不同的形容词修饰,表示两个不同的概念时,谓语动词一般用复数.如: Ancient and modern history are the subjects we are s tudying. 古代史和现代史是我们目前学习的课程. 但如果表示的是同一概念时应用单数.如: The last and most difficult lesson is lesson14. 14课是最后一课也是最难的一课. 4. 由not only... but also ... , either...or ... , neither... nor... , ... or...连接的并列主语,谓语动词通常依就近一致原则决定.如: Either the players or the coach is responsible for the defeat. 不是运动员就是教练应该对这次比赛的失利负责. 5. 当主语由as well as, along with, together with, rathe r than, no less than（不少于，多达）, but, except, besides, in addition to, like, including等词连接时,其谓语动词的单复数形式通常由前面的词来决定. 如: ①An iron and steal works, with some satellite factorie s is to be built here.
主谓一致练习题(含答案)经典 一、主谓一致 1．The number of the volunteers in our city 2 ,000. And sixty percent of them teachers and students. A．is; is B．is; are C．are; is D．are; are 【答案】B 【解析】 句意：在我们城市志愿者的数量为2000.他们中的百分之六十是教师和学生。根据句意，结合语法知识the number of,……的数目，做主语时谓语动词使用单数形式，而percent做主语时，谓语动词的单复数需要依据of后面的单词。故答案为B. 2．Be quiet, please. There a basketball game between our class and Class 8. A．has B．is going to be C．will have D．is going to have 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：句意：请安静，在我们班和8班之间将会有一场篮球比赛。根据句意可知，这里使用的是there be句型，表示“有……”，故A、C和D都不对；there is going to be是there be句型的将来时态。 考点：考查there be句型。 3．_______ a big party in our school in two weeks. A．It is B．It will be C．There was D．There is going to be 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：在我们学校两周之后将有一个大的聚会。根据句意可知，译为“有”，用there be句型，排除A和B；且根据in two weeks可知，用一般将来时，故选D。 4．—I called you at 5:00 yesterday afternoon, but no one answered. —Sorry, I with my parents ________ at that time. A．was shopping B．were shopping C．are shopping D．went shopping 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：—我昨天下午五点给你打电话了，但是没人接。—对不起，那时我正陪着妈妈买东西呢。通过以上分析可知，应该用过去进行时；本句I是主语，with my parents是介词短语做定语，不是主语，所以后面用was。故选A。 考点：考查时态和主谓一致的用法。
《我的老师》原文阅读及答案 我的老师 ①春天又到了。 ②柳枝染上了嫩绿，在春风里尽情飘摆，舒展着自己的腰身。迎春花举起金黄的小喇叭，向着春天吹奏着生命之歌。蓝天上,—架架风筝在同白云戏耍,引得无数的人仰望天穹，让自己的心也飞上云端。 ③这时候，我就会情不自禁地想起我的刘老师，想起他放入天空的风筝。 ④刘老师教我们历史课。他有一条强壮的右腿，而左腿从膝以下全部截去，靠一根被用得油亮的圆木棍支撑。有一次，他讲课讲到女娲造人的时候，笑着对我们说：“女娲用手捏泥人捏得累了，便用树枝沾起泥巴向地上甩，甩到地上的泥巴也变成人。由于女娲甩的力量太大了，有的人甩丢了腿和胳膊。我就是那时候被她甩掉了一条腿的。”教室里自然腾起一片笑声，但笑过之后，每个学生的心头都泛起一股酸涩的感情，同时更增添了对刘老师的尊敬。 ⑤他只靠着健壮的右腿和一根木棍，一天站上好几个小时，为我们讲课。写板书的时候，他用木棍撑地，右腿离地，身体急速地一转，便转向黑板。写完了粗壮的粉笔字，又以拐杖为圆心再转向讲台。一个年过半百的老师，一天不知道要这样跳跃旋转多少次。而他每次的一转，都引起学生们一次激动的心跳。
⑥他的课讲得极好。讲到历代的民族英雄，他慷慨陈词，使我们激动得落泪。讲到祖国近代史上受屈辱的岁月，他常常哽咽，使我们沉重地低下头去。后来，我考入大学历史系，和刘老师 * 有极大的关系。 ⑦他喜欢在课堂上让学生们述说自己学习的心得。倘若有同学说得流畅、深刻，他便，静静地伫立在教室一角，微仰着头，眯起眼睛，细细地听，仿佛在品味一首美妙的乐曲。然后，又好像从沉醉中醒来，长舒一口气，满意地在记分册上写下分数，大声地说：“好!满分!”倘若有同学说得不好，他便瞪大眼睛，关切地瞧着同学，一边细声说：“别紧张，想想，想想，再好好想想。”一边不住地点头，好像那每一次点头都能给学生一些鼓励。这情景，今天想起来，依旧那么清晰，那么亲切。 ⑧然而，留给我印象最深的，还是刘老师每年春天放风筝的情景。 ⑨当一天的功课做完，暮色还没有笼罩校园上空的时候，常常有成群的学生到操场上来看他放风笋。他的腿自然不便于奔跑，然而，他绝不肯失去亲手把风筝送入蓝天的欢乐。他总是让学生远远地擎着风筝，他喊声：“起!”便不断扯动手中的线绳，那纸糊的燕子便抖起翅膀，翩翩起舞，直窜入云霄。他笑着，叫着，拄着拐杖，仰望白云，看那青黑的小燕在风中翱翔盘旋，脸上飘起得意十足的稚气，仿佛他的心也一齐跃上了蓝天。那时候，我常常站在他旁边，看着他的脸，我觉得他不是一位老人，而是一个同我一样的少年。年过五十的
【英语】英语主谓一致练习题及答案 一、主谓一致 1．How your winter holiday? —It great. But I tired now A．was, was, am B．is , was, was C．is, is , am D．is, is , was 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：句意：你寒假过得怎么样？--好极了。但是我现在很累。根据语境可知，第一个空用一般过去时态，主语是单数，谓语动词用was；其答语也是用一般过去时态，第二个空是一般现在时态，主语是I，谓语动词用am。根据题意，故选A。 考点：考查be动词的用法。 2．I think _____ of the materials I listen to at the beginning of the exam _____easy. A．two thirds, is B．second three, are C．two thirds, are D．two third, are 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 分数的表达，基数词十序数词，当分子超过一时，分母用复数，作主语时，根据后接的名词的单复数，本题后接的可数名词复数形式，故选C 3．—Why are you late，Jim？ —Because there________a lot of traffic when I came here． A．is B．are C．was D．were 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：句意：“—Jim，你为什么迟到？—因为当我来这儿时，有许多车辆。”，原因发生在过去，而且traffic是不可数名词，本题应用is的过去式was。故选C。 考点：考查There be句型的时态用法。 4．Everyone in my class except Tom and Mary to Beijing. A．have been B．have gone
《我的老师》的阅读练习及答案 ①春天又到了。 ②柳枝染上了嫩绿，在春风里尽情飘摆，舒展着自己的腰身。迎春花举起金黄的小喇叭，向着春天吹奏着生命之歌。蓝天上，—架架风筝在同白云戏耍，引得无数的人仰望天穹，让自己的心也飞上云端。 ③这时候，我就会情不自禁地想起我的刘老师，想起他放入天空的风筝。 ④刘老师教我们历史课。他有一条强壮的右腿，而左腿从膝以下全部截去，靠一根被用得油亮的圆木棍支撑。有一次，他讲课讲到女娲造人的时候，笑着对我们说：“女娲用手捏泥人捏得累了，便用树枝沾起泥巴向地上甩，甩到地上的泥巴也变成人。由于女娲甩的力量太大了，有的人甩丢了腿和胳膊。我就是那时候被她甩掉了一条腿的。”教室里自然腾起一片笑声，但笑过之后，每个学生的心头都泛起一股酸涩的感情，同时更增添了对刘老师的尊敬。 ⑤他只靠着健壮的右腿和一根木棍，一天站上好几个小时，为我们讲课。写板书的时候，他用木棍撑地，右腿离地，身体急速地一转，便转向黑板。写完了粗壮的粉笔字，又以拐杖为圆心再转向讲台。一个年过半百的老师，一天不知道要这样跳跃旋转多少次。而他每次的一转，都引起学生们一次激动的心跳。 ⑥他的课讲得极好。讲到历代的民族英雄，他慷慨陈词，使我们激动得落泪。讲到祖国近代史上受屈辱的岁月，他常常哽咽，使我
们沉重地低下头去。后来，我考入大学历史系，和刘老师的影响有极大的关系。 ⑦他喜欢在课堂上让学生们述说自己学习的心得。倘若有同学说得流畅、深刻，他便，静静地伫立在教室一角，微仰着头，眯起眼睛，细细地听，仿佛在品味一首美妙的乐曲。然后，又好像从沉醉中醒来，长舒一口气，满意地在记分册上写下分数，大声地说：“好!满分!”倘若有同学说得不好，他便瞪大眼睛，关切地瞧着同学，一边细声说：“别紧张，想想，想想，再好好想想。”一边不住地点头，好像那每一次点头都能给学生一些鼓励。这情景，今天想起来，依旧那么清晰，那么亲切。 ⑧然而，留给我印象最深的，还是刘老师每年春天放风筝的情景。 ⑨当一天的功课做完，暮色还没有笼罩校园上空的时候，常常有成群的学生到操场上来看他放风筝。他的腿自然不便于奔跑，然而，他绝不肯失去亲手把风筝送入蓝天的欢乐。他总是让学生远远地擎着风筝，他喊声：“起!”便不断扯动手中的线绳，那纸糊的燕子便抖起翅膀，翩翩起舞，直窜入云霄。他笑着，叫着，拄着拐杖，仰望白云，看那青黑的小燕在风中翱翔盘旋，脸上飘起得意十足的稚气，仿佛他的心也一齐跃上了蓝天。那时候，我常常站在他旁边，看着他的脸，我觉得他不是一位老人，而是一个同我一样的少年。年过五十的有残疾的老师，对生活有着那样纯朴、强烈的爱与追求，一个活泼泼的少年又该怎样呢?
高中英语主谓一致知识点讲解 本文主要讲解主谓一致，并列结构作主语时谓语用复数主谓一致中的靠近原则谓语动词与前面的主语一致 等常见考点。 主谓一致是指： 1）语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。 2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。 3）就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语， 一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。例如： There is much water in the thermos. 但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如： Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year. 15.1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数，例如： Reading and writing are very important. 读写很重要。 注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。例如： The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 钢铁工业对我们的生活有重要意义。 典型例题 The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting. A. is B. was C. are D. were 答案B. 注：先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除A.，C。本题易误选D，因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人，但仔细辨别，monitor 前没有the，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人，所以应选B。 15.2 主谓一致中的靠近原则 1）当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。例如：There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. 桌上有一支笔、一把小刀和几本书。 There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.班上有二十个男孩，二十三个女孩。 2）当either… or… 与neither… nor，连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。如果句子是由here, there引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。例如： Either you or she is to go. 不是你去，就是她去。 Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you. 给你笔、信封和纸。 15.3 谓语动词与前面的主语一致 当主语有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词组
主谓一致练习 1.I, who____ your friend, will try my best to help you with your English. A.am B.is C.are D.be 2. The rich ____ not always happy. A.are B.is C.has D.have 3. Neither Tom nor Jack and I ____ his students. A.are B.am C.is D.was 4. Mary as well as her sisters ____ Chinese in China. A. are studying B. have studied C. studies D. study 5. Neither my father nor I ____ at home. A.am B.is C.are D.be 6. Not only my brother but also I ____ good at painting. Both of us ____ good painters., A.are;are B.am;am C.ani;are D.is;is 7. Every' boy and every girl ____ to attend the evening party. A.wish B.wishes C.is like D.like 8. Over 80 percent of the population of China ____ peasants. A.was B.is C. would be D.are 9. The population of China ____ larger than that of .any other country in the world. A.is B.are C.has D.have 10. Every means ____ tried but without any result. A. have been B.is to be C.are to be D. has been 11. Alice, together with two boys,____ for having broken the rule. A. was punished B. punished C. were punished D. being punished 12. The League secretary and the monitor____ asked to attend the .meeting this afternoon. A.is B.was C.are D.is being 13. The great writer and professor____. A. is an old man B. are both old men C. is an old man and a young man D. were two Chinese 14. There ____ a pen, two pencils and three books on the desk. A.are B.is C.has D.have 15. A large number of students in our class____ girls. A. are B. was C. is D. be 16. The number of deer, mountain lions and wild roses ____ much if people leave things as they are. A. doesn' t change B.don't change C.change D.changed 17. The Arabian Nights ____ well known to the English. A. is B. are C. was D. were 18. Chairman Mao' s works ____ published. A. has been B.have been C.was D.is 19. A chemical works____ built there.
主谓一致的讲解 一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致 1.由and 连接主语时 And 连接的两个或多个单数可数名词、不可数名词或代词作主语时根据意义或概念确定谓语用单数或复数 1)并列主语表示不同的人、物或概念时谓语动词用复数 Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good students. Like many others, the little tramp and the naughty boy have rushed there in search of gold. 小流浪汉和调皮的小男孩也赶到那里寻找金子 Both rice and wheat are grown in this area. 2)并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。 The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting. 那位教授兼作家正在会上发言 A journalist and authour lives on the sixth floor. 一位新闻记者兼作家 His lawyer and former college friend was with him on his trip to Europe. 他的律师兼大学时代的朋友陪他去欧洲旅行 The Premier and Foreign Minister was present at the state banquet. 总理兼外长 比较：the writer and the educator have visited our school. the writer and educator has visited our school. His lawyer and his former college friend were with him on his trip to Europe. 注意：指同一个人或物时，并列主语前只用一个冠词，指不同的需要分别加冠词，但两个名词具有分别的对立的意思时只需要一个冠词即可 A boy and girl are playing tennis. 3)并列主语前有each, every, many a , no 等修饰时谓语动词用单数 Each doctor and (each) nurse working in the hospital was asked to help patients. Every man, woman and child is entitled to take part in the activity. 有权参加 Every boy and (every) girl admires him for his fine sense of humour. Many a boy and (many a ) girl has made the same mistake No boy and no girl is there now.没有任何男孩和女孩在那里 注意：many a 跟单数可数名词但是表示复数意义翻译为很多 Many a student was disappointed after seeing the movie. 4)并列主语为不可分的整体时，谓语动词用单数 A law and rule about protecting environment has been drawn up. 法规制定 The knife and fork has been washed 刀叉已经被洗好 War and peace is a constant theme in history 战争与和平是历史永恒的主题 注意;常被视为主体的结构 A cup and saucer 一副杯碟 A horse and cart 马车 A knife and fork 一副刀叉 A law and rule 法规 A needle and thread 一套针线 Fish and chips 炸鱼加炸薯条 The stars and stripes 星条旗
主谓一致练习 专四真题： 54. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT? (2014) A. Physics is an important school subject. B. The Niagara Falls is in North America. C. The United States borders Canada. D. Mumps is a kind infectious disease. 59. Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT?（2013） A. Politics are the art or science of government. B. Ten miles seems like a long walk to me. C. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease. D. All the furniture has arrived undamaged. 51．Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT? （2012） A．Twenty miles seems like a long walk to him． B．No one except his supporters agree with him． C．Neither Julia nor I were going to the party． D．Few students in my class are really lazy． 65．Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT? （2012） A．Poultry are very expensive in the city． B．New machinery were introduced in the factory． C．The police are investigating the murder case． D．The militia were called out to rescue flood victims． 62. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT? （2010） A. All his lectures are very interesting. B. Half their savings were gone. C. Many his friends came to the party. D. Both his sisters are nurses. 57. Which of the following is INCORRECT? (2008) A. All his lectures were boring. B. Half his money was gone. C. Her few friends are all fond of dancing. D. He invited many his friends to the party. 56. Your ideas, __ seem unusual to me. （2003） A. like her B. like hers C. similar to her D. similar to herself 60. It is futile to discuss the matter further, because __ going to agree upon anything today. （2003） A. neither you nor I are B. neither you nor me is C. neither you nor I am D. neither me nor you are Keys: BACBC DBC
3.我的老师 caijuyudonglixi [文笔精华]美文中散步，品尝心灵的鸡汤…… ◎辛勤的园丁,你是那智慧的工程师, 为祖国的未来架起了一座座坚固的桥梁…… [自主积累]积累中运用，构建知识的殿堂…… 1．给下列词语中加点的字注音。 天穹．（）女娲．（）哽咽 ．．（）（） 伫．立（）擎．着（）蜈蚣 ．．（）（） 抻．动（）翩．翩（）吁吁 ．．（）（） 2．根据拼音写汉字。 áoxiáng（）（） tǎng（）若 zhì（）气 kāngkǎi（）（）支chēng（）酸sa（） 3．注音组词。 （1）翘（）（2）撒（） （）（） 衬（）燥（） （3）忖（）（4）躁（） 肘（）噪（） 纣（）澡（） 4．揣摩语言。 （1）“春天又．到了。”句中的“又”可以删去吗？为什么？ （2）体会加点的词语的精妙之处。 ①“教室里自然腾起 ．．一股酸涩的感情，同．．一片笑声，但笑过之后，每个学生的心头都泛起 时更增加了对刘老师的尊敬。” ②倘若有的同学回答得不好，他就吃惊地瞪大 ．．地瞧着同学，一边细声说：“别紧 ．．眼睛，关切 张，想想，想想，再好好想想。”一边不住 ．．地点头，好像那每一次点头都能给学生一次启发。（3）“他将永远在我的记忆里行走、微笑，用那双写了无数粉笔字的手，放飞一架又一架理想的风筝。”应怎样理解“放飞一架又一架理想的风筝”？ 5．下列句中加点成语使用不正确的一项是（）（2分）（随州中考题） A．校园里的花开得很旺，姹紫嫣红 ．．．．，满园芬芳。 B．刘老师讲课抑扬顿挫 ．．．．，深深地吸引着每一位同学。 C．日本军国主义者侵略中国，犯下的惨绝人寰 ．．．．的暴行，已永远刻在历史的耻辱柱上。 D．在中考誓师大会上，李明信口雌黄 ．．．．地说：一定要考出好成绩回报父母和老师。 6.填空。 （1）《我的老师》选自《》，作者，作品多次获奖，有四部作品获“”工程奖。
创作编号： GB8878185555334563BT9125XW 创作者：凤呜大王* 主谓一致的讲解 一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致 1.由and 连接主语时 And 连接的两个或多个单数可数名词、不可数名词或代词作主语时根据意义或概念确定谓语用单数或复数 1)并列主语表示不同的人、物或概念时谓语动词用复数 Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good students. Like many others, the little tramp and the naughty boy have rushed there in search of gold. 小流浪汉和调皮的小男孩也赶到那里寻找金子 Both rice and wheat are grown in this area. 2)并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。 The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting. 那位教授兼作家正在会上发言 A journalist and authour lives on the sixth floor. 一位新闻记者兼作家 His lawyer and former college friend was with him on his trip to Europe. 他的律师兼大学时代的朋友陪他去欧洲旅行 The Premier and Foreign Minister was present at the state banquet. 总理兼外长 比较：the writer and the educator have visited our school. the writer and educator has visited our school. His lawyer and his former college friend were with him on his trip to Europe. 注意：指同一个人或物时，并列主语前只用一个冠词，指不同的需要分别加冠词，但两个名词具有分别的对立的意思时只需要一个冠词即可 A boy and girl are playing tennis. 3)并列主语前有each, every, many a , no 等修饰时谓语动词用单数 Each doctor and (each) nurse working in the hospital was asked to help patients. Every man, woman and child is entitled to take part in the activity. 有权参加 Every boy and (every) girl admires him for his fine sense of humour. Many a boy and (many a ) girl has made the same mistake No boy and no girl is there now.没有任何男孩和女孩在那里 注意：many a 跟单数可数名词但是表示复数意义翻译为很多 Many a student was disappointed after seeing the movie. 4)并列主语为不可分的整体时，谓语动词用单数 A law and rule about protecting environment has been drawn up. 法规制定
贾平凹《我的老师》阅读训练题及答案 我的老师贾平凹 我的老师 我的老师孙涵泊，是朋友的孩子，今年三岁半。他不漂亮，也少言语，平时不准父母杀鸡剖鱼，很有些良善，但对家里的所有来客却 不瞅不睬，表情木然，显得傲慢。开始我见他，只逗着他取乐，到 后来便不敢放肆，并认了他作我的老师。 幼儿园的阿姨领了孩子们去郊游，他也在其中。阿姨摘了一抱花分 给大家，轮到他，他不接，小眼睛翻着白，鼻翼一扇一扇的。阿姨问：“你不要？”他说：“花儿疼不疼？”人们对于美好的东西，往往 不加爱惜，只想占有，甚至加以残害。孙涵泊却视一切都有生命， 加以怜悯、爱惜和尊重。我想，他真该做我的老师。晚上看电视， 七点钟，当中央电视台开始播放国歌时，他就要站在椅了上，不管 在座的是大人还是小孩，是惊讶还是 a，目不旁视，双手打起节拍。……孙涵泊，孙老师，他真该做我的老师。 街上两人发生了争执，先是对骂，再是拳脚，一个脸上就流下血来，遂抓起了旁边肉店案上的砍刀，围观的人轰然走散。他爹牵他正好 经过，他便跑过立于两人之间，大喊：“不许打架！打架不是好孩子！”现在的人，多半是胆小怕事，事不关己，高高挂起。而孙涵泊 不顾个人安危，敢于挺身而出，显得十分神勇。一点不假，他真该 做我的老师。 有一次，我在他家书写条幅，许多人围着看，一片叫好，他也挤了 过来，头歪着，一手掏着耳朵。他爹问：“你来看什么？”他说：“看写。”再问：“写的什么？”说：“字。”又问：“什么字？”说：“黑字”。还有一次，朋友带了他去一个同事家拜年。同事家墙上新挂了印有 西方诸神油画的年历，神是裸着或半裸着，来客没人时都注目偷看，一有旁人就神情严肃。同事也觉得年历不好，用红纸剪了小裤兜贴 在那裸体上，大家都嗤嗤发笑起来。有人故意指着仍裸着的胸脯问他：“这是什么？”他玩变形金刚，玩得正起劲，看了一下，说：“妈 妈的奶！”说罢又忙他的操作。孙涵泊无视权威，不瞧脸色，不转弯 抹角，说话直奔事物的根本，没有丝毫的虚伪和做作，大大方方， 自自然然。的的确确，他真该做我的老师。
1、形式一致 主语是复数，谓语动词用复数形式 主语是单数，谓语动词用单数形式 2、语意一致 谓语动词用单数的清况 1）当名词词组中心词为表示金钱、时间、度量、距离、价格等复数名词时，把这些复数名词看作一个整体。谓语动词采用单数形式。 Twenty-five dollars is too much to pay for that shirt． Fifty minutes isn’t enough to finish this test． Ten miles seems like a long walk to me． 2 以“-s”结尾的书刊名、国名、组织名、游戏名、运动名，谓语动词用单数 以-ics结尾的名词指一门学科时，常用单数谓语动词形式。当这些名词表示实际内容时，谓语动词则用复数形式。 这类单词有：economics经济学electronics电子学 physics物理学politics政治学 mathematics数学statistics统计学 Roots was a novel about a slave family． His politics were a matter of great concern to his friend． Politics is his favorite subject． Statistics show that approximately 40 percent of all marriages in the US end in divorce． Statistics is a subject that is difficult to learn． 3) 有些表示某类别的总称的集合名词，如：machinery(机械)，clothing(衣服)，luggage(行李)，furniture(家具)，equipment(设备)，jewelry(珠宝)等作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。如：My luggage was sent by air． The equipment of our factory is all imported from Britain． 4) 不定式、现在分词和从句作主语，谓语动词通常用单数： Playing with fire is dangerous． 注意：若用and连接两个动名词、不定式短语或主语从句，表示两个不同的概念，则谓语动词用复数形式。若表示同一概念，则谓语动词用单数形式 Early to rise and early to bed is a good habit． When and where the building will be built hasn’t been decided． 主语从句要根据从句表达的意思而定 What she said is correct．What he gave me are five English books． 谓语动词用复数的情况 1）由and或both...and...连接两个单数名词作主语时，指的是复数概念，谓语动词用复数形式(不可数名词同样)。如： Fire and water do not agree． 注意如果and连接的两个词是指同一个人、同一事物或同一概念，则两个名词共用一个冠词，谓语动词必须用单数。
．主谓一致 主谓一致是指一个句子的主语和谓语动词保持数的一致关系。英语主谓一致一般要遵循三条原则，即：语法一致原则；意义一致原则和就近原则。 1.语法一致原则 语法一致原则是指谓语动词和它的主语在语法形式上必须取得一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式，如： Tom doesn’t like swimming. 汤姆不喜欢游泳。 Jane and Mary look alike. 简和玛丽看起来很像。 2.意义一致原则 意义一致原则是指谓语动词和主语的一致，同由主语所表达的单数概念来决定，而不是根据主语的实际语法形式。 有时主语的语法形式是单数，但所表达的概念是复数意义，这时动词应采用复数形式，如： The football team are having breakfast now. 足球队员们在吃早饭。 The news was exciting. 这条消息令人振奋。 3.就近原则 就近原则指谓语动词的人称和数要在形式上与最靠近它的那个名词或代词取得一致。当一个句子有两个主语而它们又是either...or…, neither…nor…, not only…but also…, or 等连接时，谓语动词与靠近它的主语保持一致，如： Either your students or Mr Wang knows this. 你的学生们或王老师知道这件事。 Neither Jim nor his friends were interested in this film. 汤姆和他的朋友们都对这部电影不感兴趣。 主谓一致这三个原则中有很多需要注意的问题， 1.主语为集体名词 (1)某些集体名词既可表示单数也可表示复数。如果集体名词作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式，如果就其中一 个成员而言，谓语动词用复数形式，如： Our group were discussing heatedly on the subject. 我们小组成员正对这个问题进行热烈的讨论。（group 指小组成员）Our group is made up of four girls and five boys. 我们小组有4个女孩和5个男孩组成。（group 指小组整体） The population in China is very large, and one third of the population are farmers. 中国的人口很多，其中三分之一是农民。（前一个population 指整体，后一个population 指成员） (2)某些集体名词如people, police, cattle, youth 等常作复数看待，谓语动词与复数形式的谓语搭配，如： The police are searching for him. 警察正在搜寻他。 The cattle were driven away from the hill. 那些牲畜从山上被赶走了。 3.某些名词如equipment（设备），furniture（家具），jewelry（珠宝），clothing（衣服），machinery（机械），表示单数 概念，谓语动词要相应地采用单数形式,如： A lot of equipment has been replaced by the new equipment. 许多旧设备已经被新设备代替了。 All the machinery in the factory was controlled by robots. 这个厂所有的机械都由机器人来控制的。 2.主语为代词 (1)．有些代词尽管意义上是多数，但谓语动词要用单数形式，这类代词有：either, neither, each, another, somebody, someone, something, anything, anyone, everyone, everything, everybody, no one, nothing, nobody 等，如： Neither likes the friends of the other. 两人都不喜欢对方的朋友。 Everything around us is matter. 我们周围所有的东西都是物质。 注意： ①在neither of 与either of 的结构中，谓语动词可用单数形式也可用复数形式，如： Neither of them was / were in good health, but both worked hard. 他们俩身体都不好，但工作却都很努力。 ②each 用于单数名词前，谓语动词用单数形式, each 用于复数主语后，谓语动词用复数形式。each of, each one of 后 接复数名词或代词，但谓语动词常用单数形式。 Each (one) of the houses was different. 每座房子都不同。 Each student has been given their own e-mail address. 每个学生都得到了一个自己的电子邮件地址。