非谓语动词专题复习
一．非谓语动词在句中作除状语以外的用法：
1. 判断非谓语的所作的成分：
1）Playing with fire is dangerous.
2）To play with fire will be dangerous.
3）It is no use crying over spilt milk.
4）It is worth making an appointment before you go.
5）It is silly of you to say so.
6）It is important for us to learn English well.
7）It is a must/ a necessity for us to have a good command of the English language. 8）Being exposed to the sun is harmful to the skin.
9）He was the best man to do the job.
10）Have you read the novel written by Dickens?
11）His favorite sport is swimming.
12）Your task today is to wash the curtains.
13）She pretended not to see me when I passed by.
14）The window needs/requires/wants cleaning/to be cleaned.
15) I found the cup broken.
2. 做各种成分的差别
①不定式、现在分词和过去分词作定语有时在时态上有区别：
1）The bridge to be built next month is the third bridge across the river．
2）The bridge being built now is the third bridge across the river．
3）The bridge built last year is the third bridge across the river．
用所给动词的正确形式填空：
1)The man__________ (question) in the police station now is a spy．
2)A man_______ (respect) others will be respected．
3)she can find no one _______(make) friends with．
4)Is there anybody _______ (answer) the question ?
5)Half of the guests _______(invite) to the conference were foreigners.
6)She would be the best _______(agree) the opinion ．
7)The matter _________(discuss) is very important．
8)That is the way _________(operate) the machine．
9)She was then a professor _______(love) by all her students．
10)With much money ________(spend)，the boy formed a bad habit．
②不定式、现在分词、过去分词作宾补的区别：
1）I saw him falling off his bike just at that moment ．
2）I saw him fall off his bike and hurt his left leg．
3）I heard my name called by someone．
1)I meant to buy an evening paper, but I didn't see anyone ______(sell) them.
2)Paul doesn't have to be made ______(learn). He always work hard.
3)The patient was warned _______(not eat) after the examine.
4)Just now I saw a man______ (walk) in the street, with a little girl _______(seat) on his shoulder．
5)The lady loved to have her luggage _______(weigh).
6 )Who did the teacher have _______(clean) the blackboard just now?
7)The thief was caught______ (steal) goods in the supermarket again ．
8)---What happened to Mr. White early this morning ?
---Oh，he was seen______ (knock) down and the driver_______ (drive) away．
③不定式和动名词做宾语的区别：
1）常跟不定式的动词：
aim ,ask, dare ,appear, arrange ,demand, help, hesitate, pay, plan, wait, fail, seek, prepare, happen, mean, prove, expect, wish, hope, decide, refuse, offer, learn, agree, choose, promise, pretend, manage, care, determine, afford
2）常跟ing的动词：
admit, report, appreciate, deny, explain, mention, resist, stand, stop, imagine, recall, suggest, mind, finish, enjoy, keep, practise, miss, avoid, delay, excuse, escape, consider, advise
3.）跟动词不定式和ing都可以的动词：
like，love, hate, dislike, begin, start, prefer，continue, intend，attempt
4）跟动词不定式和ing意思完全不同的动词：
stop to do / stop doing ，forget to do / forget doing，remember to do / remember doing go on to do/ go on doing, try to do/ try doing, mean to do/ mean doing
5）(permit ,allow，admit，forbid，imagine，consider) advise sb to do sth\advise doing sth 注意：
在imagine／consider后通常用“to be…”作宾语补足语。to be有时可省略。
You'd better imagine yourself (to be) in his place．
用所给动词的to do 或~doing 形式填空：
1)Little Tom regretted ____(waste) so much time playing computer games .
2)They were expecting ____(get) the results of the examination.
3)Will you advise me which of them ____(buy) ?
4)On the bus the young man pretended ____(not see) the old woman standing beside him.
5)We all consider John_____ (be) an honest boy.
6)Our boss forbids_____ (chat) during office hours .
7)The rules do not permit players ____(step) out of bounds.
8)The boy begged to permit him____ (explain).
9)The young man imagined _____(live) on a lonely island.
10) It was useless to forbid children ____(play) here.
11) Why have they delayed _____(open) the new school ?
12) She enjoys ______(practise) _______(dance) before the large mirror.
13) By taking the back way, he escaped ______(see).
14) I’d prefer ______(stay) here waiting for his arrival.
15) As the meeting was beginning , we all stopped ____(talk).
16) This kind of car is nice but I can’t afford ____(buy) one.
17) I’m sorry I forgot ____(tell) you about the meeting .
18) She tried ____(comfort) me by saying some funny things
19) Going on waiting here means ____(waste) our time .
20) They went on ____(work) in the fields in spite of the heavy rain.
二．非谓语动词作状语：
①状语的类别
1. 时间状语：
1）Having finished his homework, he went to play football.
2) Hearing the news, they got excited.
2. 作原因状语
1）Not knowing his address, she went to a policeman for help. 2) Being ill, he was late for school.
3）We’re proud to be young people of China .
4）Lost in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.
3. 伴随状语
1) He stood against the door, reading a newspaper.
2) She walked out of the house, followed by her little girl.
3）Laughing and talking , they went into the classroom.
4．条件状语
1）Given a chance, I can surprise the world.
2) Seen from the top of the hill, our school looks very beautiful. 3）Walking ahead, you will see a white house
5. 让步状语
Having been told many times, he still repeated the same mistake.
left alone at home, he didn’t feel afraid at all.
6，结果状语
1）She was caught in a heavy rain, falling ill.
2) The cup dropped to the ground, breaking into pieces.
3）He ran all the way to the station ,only to find the train had left .
4）Her mother died in 1990, leaving her with her younger brother.
7. 目的状语
1）He came running back to tell me the news.
练习：判断下列状语类别
1) Four people entered the room looking around in a curious way.
2) Being poor, he couldn’t afford a TV set.
3) Working hard, you’ll surely succeed.
4) The boy sat in front of the farm-house, cutting the branch.
5）Hearing the news, he got frightened.
6）The child slipped and fell, hitting his head against the door.
②使用非谓语动词的七大原则：
原则一：用作目的状语时，原则上要用不定式。
1. When asked why he went there，he said he was sent there _____ for a space flight.
A. training
B. being trained
C. to have trained
D. to be trained
2. _____ this cake，you’ll need 2 eggs，175g sugar and 175g flour.
A. Having made
B. Make
C. To make
D. Making
They lifted a rock only ________(drop) it on their own feet.
Football is played all over the world, (make) it the most popular sport.
●原则二：用作伴随状语时，原则上要用现在分词。
3. As the light turned green，I stood for a moment，not _____，and asked myself what
I was going to do.
A. moved
B. moving
C. to move
D. being moved
4. The girl was left alone in the room，_____ bitterly.
A. to cry
B. crying
C. cried
D. cry
He was said to have refused a gift from her, ________(know) that it meant a bribe.
The president expressed his satisfaction with the co-operation,______ (add) that he had enjoyed his stay here ．
●原则三：用作结果状语时，可用现在分词或不定式。
5. The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance，_____ in the natural light during the day.
A. to let
B. letting
C. let
D. having let
6. He hurried to the station，only _____ that the train had left.
A. to find
B. finding
C. found
D. to have found
European football is played in 80 countries, （make）it the most popular sport in the world.
●原则四：含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。
7. The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle _____.
A. to be heard
B. to have heard
C. hearing
D. being heard
8. When she came in，she was surprised to find a stranger _____ at the back of the classroom with his eyes _____ upon her.
A. seating；fixing
B. to seat；fixing
C. having seated；fixed
D. seated；fixed
When________(face)with a strong enemy, they had always retreated．
When first_________ (introduce) the market, these products enjoyed great success.
●原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应与主句主语保持一致。
9. Faced with a bill for $$10，000，_____.
A. John has taken an extra job
B. the boss has given John an extra job
C. an extra job has been taken
D. an extra job has been given to John
10. While watching television，_____.
A. the door bell rang
B. the doorbell rings
C. we heard the doorbell ring
D. we heard the doorbell rings
_____ (see) from the space, the earth looks blue.
______(see) from the top of the hill，we find the city more beautiful．
●原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，原则上要用完成式（根据情况可
用不定式的完成式或现在分词的完成式）。
11. _____ from other continents for millions of years，Australia has many plants and
animals not found in any other countries in the world.
A. Being separated
B. Having separated
C. Having been separated
D. To be separated
12. The manager，_____ it clear to us that he didn’t agree with us，left the meeting room.
A. who has made
B. having made
C. made
D. making
_________________(allow)to develop his talent, he could become an excellent artist．_______________(invite)to go to camping, Paul ordered a new sleeping bag．
原则七：名词后作定语原则上用不定式，表示动作尚未发生；用现在分词，表示动作正在进行；用过去分词，表示动作的被动和完成。
13. There will be more than three hundred scientists attending the meeting _____ the day after tomorrow.
A. hold
B. holding
C. held
D. to be held
14. There are hundreds of visitors _____ in front of the Art Gallery to have a look at Van Gogh’s paintings.
A. waited
B. to wait
C. waiting
D. wait
15. “Things _____ never come again！”I couldn’t help talking to myself.
A. lost
B. losing
C. to lost
D. have lost
③非谓语动词作状语解题步骤：4步
1.辨别“谓与非谓”
______many times , but he still couldn't understand it .
______many times , he still couldn't understand it .
A. Having been told
B. Being told
C. He had been told
D. Though he was told
2.找逻辑主语
1.Walking along the street one day, she saw a little girl running up to her.
2. Convinced of the truth of the reports, he told his colleagues about it.
1._______ everything into consideration, they ought to have another chance.
2. Everything ______ into consideration, they ought to have another chance.
A.to take
B. taking
C. to be taken
D. taken
3.看语态
1.“You can’t catch me !” Jane shouted, _______ away.
A. run
B. running
C. to run
D. ran
2. _____ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the
local police.
A. Having lost
B. Lost
C. Being lost
D. Losing
4.看时态
1.____ his students to finished the paper, the teacher walked out of the classroom.
2._____ to finish the work in two hours, the boys are busy in working.
3._____ many times, he still repeated the same mistakes
A. Having been told
B. To be told
C. Having told
D. Told
④独立成分做状语：
1)Judging from media reports(由媒体的报道判断), the result has been unclear.
2)Taking everything into consideration（考虑到各种因素），the result is better than
expected.
3)To tell you the truth (说实话), your proposal has been turned down.
分词的独立主格结构
1)Weather permitting（permit）, we’ll go out for a picnic.
2)Homework finished（finish）, the boy went out to play.
3)The boy rushed into the classroom, his face covered (cover) with sweat.
4)All things considered (consider), your article is of greater value than hers. 独立主格检测题：
1. Darkness ______ in, the young people strolled on the streets.
A. set
B. setting
C. has set
D. was set
2. A new technique ______, the production increased by 20 percent.
A. to have been worked out
B. having worked out
C. working out
D. having been worked out
3. There are various kinds of metals, each ______ its own properties (特性).
A. has
B. had
C. to have
D. having
4. _______, I'll go there with you tomorrow afternoon.
A. Time permits
B. If time permitting
C. Time permitting
D. Time's permitting
5. _______, we all went home happily.
A. Goodbye was said
B. Goodbye had been said
C. Goodbye said
D. When goodbye said
6. She stood there, _______ from her cheeks.
A. tears' rolling down
B. tears rolled down
C. with tears rolled down
D. tears rolling down
非谓语动词讲解 非谓语动词: a.动词不定式 b.动名词 c.分词( 现在分词过去分词) 概述：1.谓语动词：在句子中担任谓语的动词 2.非谓语动词：是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分 非谓语动词使用条件 一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时。She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat. She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat. 动词不定式 一．动词不定式的时态和被动形式 动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，由不定式符号(to)加动词原形构成。不定式的形式有五种：1．一般式to do 例如：I like to read English. 2．进行式to be doing 例如：He seemed to be reading something at that time. 3．完成式to have done 例如：He seemed to have cleaned the room. 4．被动式to be done 例如：The work is to be done soon. 5．完成被动式to have been done 例如：The boy is said to have been sent to hospital yesterday. 二. 动词不定式的用法 I.作主语 (1)不定式做主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词之前。 To see is to believe．Not to get there in time is your fault. (2)注：常用it做形式主语，将to do放在位于之后，使句子保持平衡。 句型1：It + 谓语+ to do It takes us an hour _to__ get there by bus.
第五章非谓语动词 【非谓语动词作状语】 一.不定式,分词作状语的基本原则 不定式,分词作状语时,不定式,分词的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致,即不定式,分词作状语时必须和句子的主语保持一致,即不定式,分词作状语时必须和句子主语含有逻辑上的主动或被动关系,否则一般不能使用不定式,分词作状语. 二.不定式作状语 1.不定式作目的状语 不定式作目的状语的情况比较多,如果强调目的性时,不定式前还可加in order或so as,构成"in order to do"或"so as to do"结构."in order to do"结构作目的状语时,可以放在句首也可放在句中;"so as to do"结构只能放在句中. Her mother plans to fly to Beijing at least four times a year(so as/in order)to visit her. Bob took down my telephone number so as/in order not to forge t it. 2.不定式作结果状语 不定式作结果状语常用在下列句式中:so...as to;such...as to;...enough to;only to(常表示以外的或事与愿违的结果);too...to等. I'm not so stupid(a fool)as to write it down. Jane hurried back only to find that her mother had left. I'm too tired to stay up longer. 备注:在only too..to结构中,too...to...并非是"太....而不能..."之意.此时,与too..to..搭配的形容词常见的有pleased,ready,willing,glad,happy等. I'm only too glad to have passed the exam. 3.不定式作原因状语 形容词作表语时,后面可接不定式作原因状语,用以说明产生这种情绪的原因.用于这类结构中的形容词常见的有:happy,glad,sorry,anxious,proud,disappointed,angry,surprised,ready,delighted,pleased等. You will never know how happy I was to see her yesterday. 4.在"主语+系动词+表语(形容词)+to do"结构中,句子的主语与动词不定式有逻辑上的被动关系,且形容词表示主语的特征或性质,这时,需用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义.该结构中常用的形容词有:easy,hard,difficult,important,impossible,interesting,pleasant,nice,comfortable,safe,dangerous等. This question is easy to answer. This book is difficult to understand. 三.分词作状语 1.分词作状语时其形式的选择 2.分词作状语的句法功能 分词作状语时,可以表时间,原因,结果，条件,让步，行为方式,伴随状况等.为了强调,还可与 while,when,once,if,unless等连词连用. When offered help,one often says"Thank you"or "It's kind of you".(时间) Separated from other continents for millions of years,Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other
非谓语动词讲解及练习(含答案) 一、单项选择非谓语动词 1．John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ______， he gladly accepted it. A．finished B．finishing C．having finished D．was finished 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：句意John接到一张宴会的邀请，他的工作已经完成，他高兴地接受了。这里含有with复合结构，动作finish与his work之间是被动关系，故用过去分词，选A。 考点：考查with复合结构,X,K] 2．China’s Chang’e 4 robotic probe entered lunar orbit on Wednesday, ________ a major step in its mission to make a soft landing on the moon’s far side. A．marking B．to mark C．having marked D．marked 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：周三，中国的嫦娥4号机器人探测器进入月球轨道，标志着它在月球远端软着陆任务中迈出了重要一步。逗号前是主句，逗号后是非限制性定语，修饰整个主句，结合句意，主句和mark之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作定语，A选项正确。【点睛】 不定式和现在分词均可用结果状语，但两者用法有区别：现在分词用作结果状语，通常表示一种自然的结果，即属预料之中的事；不定式用作结果状语，主要表示没有预料到的情况或结果，即属预料之外的事。 3．Simon made a big bamboo box the little sick bird till it would fly. A． keep B． kept C． keeping D． to keep 【答案】D 【解析】 4．The airport ________ next year will help promote tourism in this area.
必备英语非谓语动词专项及解析 一、非谓语动词 1．The WWF is working hard _________ the animals in danger． A. save B. to save C. saves D. saved 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：世界自然基金会正努力工作来拯救处于危险中的动物。此处表示 目的，应该用动词不定式。故选B。 【点评】考查动词不定式。动词不定式表示目的。 2．— Please stay with me this weekend. —I'm sorry, but my father and I planned _________ Beijing a long time ago. A. visit B. visiting C. to visit D. visited 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：——这个周末请和我呆在一起吧。——我很抱歉，但是我父亲和 我很久前就计划去参观北京了。plan to do sth.，计划做某事，动词不定式作宾语，故选C。 【点评】此题考查动词不定式。注意固定短语plan to do sth. 3．To live a low-carbon life, we must remember ________ the lights when we leave the room. A. to turn off B. turning off C. not to turn off 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：要过低碳生活，我们必须记住离开房间时要关掉灯。remember （not）to do sth.忘记要做的事；remember doing sth.忘记已经做过的事。根据句末when we leave the room.可知关灯的动作还没有做，此处表示肯定含义，要用不定式的肯定式， 故选A。 【点评】考查动词remember的固定搭配。根据所表示的含义选择正确的搭配。 4．Most people enjoy other people games. A. watching; plays B. to watch; to play C. watching; playing D. watching; to play 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:许多人喜欢看别人做游戏。喜欢做某事:enjoy doing sth后跟动名词 作宾语;看某人做某事:watch sb do sth（用省to的不定式表示看到了整个过程）;watch sb doing sth（用动名词表示看到了动作在发生）。人们喜欢看别人在做游戏而不一定是整个 过程，故选C。 5． Though he often made his little sister ______, today he was made ______ by his little sister. A. cry; to cry B. crying; crying C. cry; cry D. to cry; cry 【答案】 A
非謂语动词（一） 一、Done 被动性：过去分词的逻辑主语是分词动作的承受者（receiver）, 而不是发出者，两者构成被动语态或被动意义。 完成性：与句中另一个动作、另一个时间或句子产生的时间相比，分词的动作已经发生、完成。 句法功能 表语：许多动词通过+ed 变成形容词，其本质是过去分词用作形容词The boys were astonished. The door remained locked. They seemed worried. 定语：划出下列句子的定语部分 The broken glass is still lying on the table. The frightened girl was trembling when the police arrived. A grown boy is a boy who has physically and mentally grown up. He sent them his newly-invented devices. She was reading a novel written by Dickens. The people trapped in the big fire were rescued by the firefighters with a helicopter. The radio bought in your shop doesn't work well. 翻译： 他是被经理测试的人员当中最优秀的员工之一。 宾补 1、在感官/ 感知动词后：see, look at, observe, hear, listen to, think, find, imagine, feel, watch等。 We found him greatly changed. 2、在使役动词后：make, have, get, keep, leave等。 He made himself understood in spoken English. 3、在意愿动词后：like, need, want, wish等。 She came into the shop with a package saying: I needn’t it changed but re-wrapped. 翻译：我回到家，发现家里被偷了
非谓语动词 非谓语动词（一）——动词不定式 动词不定式、分词(现在分词，过去分词)和动名词统称为非谓语动词。现代英语将现在分词和动名词合为一大类叫作v + ing形式。这些动词的形式不能在句中单独作谓语用，因而没有语法主语。但可以有逻辑主语。由于没有语法主语，也就不受人称和数的限定，因为不是谓语，也就没有时态和语态，但这些词仍能表示动作和状态，所以仍有表示与其他动词相对时间关系的形式。由于与其它词有逻辑上的主谓关系，因此也有表示主、被动的形式，同时也有自己的宾语和状语，一起构成非谓语动词的短语(动词不定式短语，分词短语，动名词短语)。动词不定式、过去分词及v-ing形式在句中均不能作谓语用，所以叫做非谓语动词。 （一）动词不定式：动词不定式由―to+ 动词原形‖构成，如：to study, to play，动词不定式虽然不能作谓语动词用，但仍留着动词的特征，它可以带有所需要的宾语或状语而构成动词不定式短语，如：to study hard, to play table tennis。 2、动词不定式的基本用法：动词不定式能起名词、形容词和副词的作用，可在句中作主语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语用，如： （1）作主语：To help each other is good.（动词不定式作主语时，一般可用it作形式主语，而将作主语的动词不定式置于句末，如：It is good to help each other. （2）作表语：My job is to drive them to the power station every day. 动词不定式在系动词be之后作表语，与表示将来时的be + 动词不定式结构有所区别，如：Our plan is to set up another middle school for the peasants’ children.我们的计划是给农民子弟再成立一所中学。（句中的谓语动词为is，动词不定式to set up… 为表语，主语为plan，但plan并不是动词不定式的逻辑主语，即动词不定式to set up所表示的动作不是主语plan产生的。）We are to set up another middle school for the peasants’ children.我们将为农民的子弟再成立一所中学。（句中的are to set up整个结构为句中谓语，主语为we，同时也是动词不定式to set up所表示的动作的逻辑主语，即动词不定式to set up所表示的动作是由we产生的）。 （3）作宾语：①作及物动词的宾语，如：She wishes to be a musician.；②作某些形容词的宾语：可以有动词不定式为宾语的形容词一般有glad, sorry, afraid, pleased, determined, willing, eager, anxious, ready, sure等，如：I am determined to give up smoking.；③动词不定式一般不作介词的宾语，但动词不定式之前如有疑问词时，就可作介词的宾语，如：Can you give us some advice on what to do next? （4）作宾语补足语，如：Tell the children not to play on the street. 如果句中的谓语动词为see, hear, watch, notice, have, make, let等，作宾语补足语的动词不定式须将to省去，如：I saw a little girl run across the street. （5）动词不定式在句中作宾语，如带有宾语补足语时，须先用it作形式宾语，而将该动词不定式后置，如：I don’t think it right to do it that way. （6）作定语：动词不定式作定语时，须位于被其修饰的名词或代词之后，如：Is this the best way to help him? 和定语用的动词不定式如果是不及物动词，不定式后面就要用必要的介词，如：He is the man to depend on. 如果被不定式修饰的名词为place, time, way，不定式后面的介词，习惯上可以省去，如：The old man is looking for a quiet place to live. （7）作状语：动词不定式可以作下列的状语：①目的状语：Every morning he gets up very early to read English. 为了强调不定式表示目的的作用，可在不定式前加in order to或so as to（以便或为了），但应注意in order to位于句首或句中均可，而so as to不能位于句首，如：She reads China Daily every day in order to (so as to) improve her English. 将表示目的的不定式置于句首，也可强调目的的作用，如：To master a foreign language, one must work hard at it. ②结果状语：They lived to see the liberation of their home town.他们活到亲眼见到了他们家乡的解放。③too + 形容词或副词+ 动词不定式，表示―足能…‖的结果，如：You are old enough to take care of yourself now. 3、复合结构不定式：由for + 名词（或代词宾格）+ 动词不定式即构成复合结构的动词不定式。其中for
最新非谓语动词专项练习题及答案详解 一、单项选择非谓语动词 1．224. The murderer was brought in, with his hands _____ behind his back. A．being mopped B．having tied C．to be tied D．tied 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：那个谋杀犯被带了进来，手被捆在背后。with的宾语his hands与动词tie构成被动的关系，故使用过去分词。故选D。 2．Children who are over-protected by their parents may become _____. A．hurt B．spoiled C．damaged D．harmed 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：考查动词辨析：句意：过分受父母保护的孩子可能会被惯坏。spoil作为动词有“宠坏，溺爱”的意思，这里用动词的过去分词作形容词。hurt指对身体或感情上的伤害；damaged指被毁坏或破坏（好像多指物）；harmed指被损害，被伤害，被危害。选B。 考点：考查动词辨析 3．When he was a boy, he used to go there and watch _____. A．to repair bicycles B．bicycles to be repaired C．bicycles being repaired D．repairing bicycles 【答案】C 【解析】 4．They might just have a place ________ on the writing course—why don’t you give it a tr y? A．leave B．left C．leaving D．to leave 【答案】B 【解析】 此处left过去分词作定语修饰a place，被留下的留给写作课程的地方（机会）。句意：他们可能还有个学习写作课的机会，你为什么不试一试呢？ 【考点定位】本题考查非谓语动词的用法。 5．______in painting, John didn’t notice evening approaching. A．To absorb B．To be absorbed C．Absorbed D．Absorbing 【答案】C
非谓语：（不能单独做谓语，但同时仍保留动词某些特征的动词形式。非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外，可以承担句子的任何成分。） 一、不定式与动名词做主语 1.动名词做主语往往表示普通的、一般习惯的行为，不定式做主语常表示某次具体的行为。 例句： Reading English is really a great fun.<这里不强调看一次，看两次……表示的是一般性的行为> To read english this morning will take most of my time.<这里用不定式表示一次具体的行为> 2.形式主语it 的运用: 1).不定式做主语,谓语用单数。往往用it做形式主语，把不定式放在谓语后面。 例句：To finish the job took us two hours. It took us two hours to finish the job. （注：在不定式做主语的被动语态句子中，必须用形式主语it.） 例句:it was decided to go for a picnic tomorrow. 2).It is+adj.of/for sb.to do sth.当不定式的逻辑主语和前面的形容词构成系表结构时，用of,否则用for. 例句： It’s very nice of you to help us.<此时，不定时的逻辑主语是you，adj.是nice,二者构成系表结构，即可以说you are nice.此时应该用of> It’s impossible for us to defeat the boss.<此时就不能说we are impossible.因此应该用for > 3).用动名词做主语的句型：It is/was no good(use, useless, fun)+doing sth. It’s worth while doing 例句： It’s no use cry over spilt milk.覆水难收 (it 用法远不止这几个后面会有补充) 3.成分对称：主语和表语都是非谓语动词时，应保持形式上一致。 例句： To see is to believe. Seeing is believing.眼见为实 4.There be no +ving 例句： There is no parking around here. No smoking,please. 练习题 It is hard_________ his mind.(to change ) It is fun__________ with a foreign man.(talking) There is no ________what will happen.(telling) I like_________ this novel this morning.(to read) 二：做表语 1.不定式做表语表具体个别的动作或有将来的含义。 例句：My wish is to become a famous writer. 2、现在分词做表语表示主语的性质与特征,表主动（interesting, amusing, disappointing, puzzling, exciting等）；进行时表示正在进行的动作。 例句： i am teaching the child to swim when you passed by.
英语非谓语动词讲解 非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和分词。为了区分这三种不同的非谓语动词的用法和含义，我们将分别从三种非谓语动词在句子中做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语以及一些特殊结构句型等角度来区分其用法和细微含义。 ★1．不定式和动名词作主语的区别 (1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作；而不定式作主语表示具体动作。Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here．这里禁止抽烟。(抽象) It is not very good for you to smoke so much．你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。(具体) (2)动名词作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。 不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。 Climbing mountains is interesting．爬山很有趣。(经验) Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring．在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(经验) 注意：不定式做主语，一般用it当形式主语，把作主语的不定式短语后置。 ①常用不定式做主语的句型有： 常用结构：It+be+ adj./n.+ for sb. to do sth. (常见形容词: difficult , important, necessary, impossible, etc.) It+be+ adj. + of sb. to do sth. =sb. be + adj. + to do sth. (常见形容词:clever, silly, foolish, stupid, wise, kind, rude, impolite, careless, cruel, crazy, etc.) ②常用动名词做主语的句型有：It’s no good (use, fun) doing sth. It’s (a) waste of time one’s doing sth. It’s worth while doing sth.★2．不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别
高考英语非谓语动词知识点真题汇编附答案 一、选择题 1．His study was a mess with lots of books and magazines __________up everywhere. A．to pile B．having piled C．piled D．to be piled 2．The next morning she found the man ___________ in bed, dead. A．lying B．lie C．lay D．laying 3．By no means ________ when we try to create a global brand. A．the cultural factor is to neglect B．is the cultural factor to neglect C．the cultural factor is to be neglected D．is the cultural factor to be neglected 4．A healthy diet and adequate physical exercises are the keys ______ a better life. A．of having B．to have C．for having D．to having 5．It is easy ________ the consequences of unchecked plant disease: food shortage could kill millions of people and cause unrest in the world. A．imagine B．to be imagined C．imagining D．to imagine 6．Some psychologists suggest that one could improve his performance when mentally imagining himself ________ (perform) well at some back. A．performing B．to perform C．performed D．having performed 7．________ with a roomful of dresses, a woman may easily spend hours going from one dress on another before selecting the dresses she wants to try on. A．Having faced B．Faced C．To face D．Facing 8．________ to a colorful campus culture, students should draw a line between what is their major concern and what is of ________ importance. A．Exposing…the least B．Having exposed...least C．Having been exposed…the less D．Exposed...less 9．Some people are skeptical about the internet, ________ that surfing the Internet is a waste of time. A．claimed B．claiming C．to claim D．having claimed 10．Last night, there were millions of people ______________ the opening ceremony live on TV. A．watch B．to watch C．watched D．watching 11．Bats are surprisingly long lived creatures, some ________ a life span of around 20 years. A．having B．had C．have D．to have 12．The long-lasting war, filled with blood and deaths, ended in people’s sadness, _______no result. A．reached B．to reach C．would reach D．reaching 13．（2015·江苏）Much time ________sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems.
非谓语动词 非谓语动词的概念: 在句子中不能做谓语的动词形式叫做非谓语动词. 它不受人称和数的限制. 非谓语动词分为三种形式: 不定式：to do 动名词：v-ing 用做名词 分词（现在分词doing和过去分词V-ed）（高考） 考点一：不定式 1.不定式的基本形式是to＋动词原形，它具有动词的特点，即可以有自己的宾语和状语，但它没有人称与数的变化，在句中也不能作谓语，动词不定式和自己的宾语和状语构成不定式短语。 动词不定式的基本形式为：to+动词原形（不定式符号to有时可以省略）；其否定形式为：not to+动词原形。如：My father asked me not to read in bed. ) 2.不定式的句法作用动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的作用，它可以作主语、宾语、宾补和状语。 (1)作主语 动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末， It＋be＋形容词＋(for sb)＋动词不定式。 It's important (for us) to protect environment. 注: kind，good，nice，clever等表示人的品质的形容词后，不用for而用of。 It's very kind of you to help me. (2)作宾语 He wants to go out with her. 注:①一些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语，常见的这类词表示命令、打算或希望，如：would like，want，wish，hope，decide，plan，expect，pretend等。 ？
Would you like to see a film this evening ②当不定式作宾语时，通常还可以用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式。 在find，think后跟不定式作宾语时，常用it代替，而将真正的宾语放在句末。 I find it easy to read English every day. (3)作表语 句型：主语+ be + to do sth . 如：My group’s task is to find out the cost to go by train. （4）作目的状语 > 如：He opened the door for her to come in. 他打开门让她进来。 I get up early to catch the first bus.我早起为了赶上首班车。 (5)作宾语补足语 ①不能省略to： ask. tell . order . force. want. invite. expect . encourage . advise. teach . promise. warn. allow . remind . help. 如：Tina told her sister to turn down the TV.蒂娜让她姐姐把电视机的音量调小点。 My mother asks me not to read in the bed.我妈妈不让我在床上看书。
非谓语动词专项练习及答案详解 一、单项选择非谓语动词 1．With the homework _______, the students can go to have a picnic. A．being done B．done C．doing D．to do 【答案】B 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：做完作业后，学生们就可以去野餐了。此处是with的复合结构，homework和动词do是被动关系，用过去分词表被动，指作业被做，过去分词在句中作宾补。故选B。 【名师点睛】 with复合结构 “w ith复合结构”也是独立主格结构的一种，同样十分重要。在句中表示“原因，结果，伴随，方式”等情况。 (1)with + 宾语 + 形容词 The children were listening to the teacher with their eyes wide open. （表伴随） (2)with + 宾语 + 介词短语 The old man used to take a walk with a stick in his hand. （表方式） (3)with + 宾语 + 副词 The proud girl walked away with her head up. （表方式） (4)with + 宾语 + 现在分词 Mary felt very shy with so many eyes looking at her. （表原因） (5)with + 宾语 + 过去分词 If you sit looking away from a person, or with your back turned, you are saying you are not interested in that person. （表方式） 本题就是考查此结构，homework和动词do是被动关系，用过去分词表被动，指作业被做，过去分词在句中作宾补。 (6)with + 宾语 + 不定式 With too much work to do the next day, he felt anxious and didn’t sleep well. （表原因） 一般说来，with 复合结构放在句末多表示伴随状况；若放在句首，则多表示“原因”或“条件”，例如： With her mother away from home, the little girl felt lonely. 由于她妈妈不在家，这个女孩感到很孤单。 With the guide leading the way, I had no difficulty finding their village. 因为向导带路，我没怎么费事就找到了他们的村子。 2．Simon made a big bamboo box the little sick bird till it would fly. A． keep B． kept C． keeping D． to keep
非谓语动词 非谓语动词包括不定式(to do)、动名词(－ing)、现在分词(－ing)与过去分词(－ed)。它们不受主语人称和数的限制，在句子中不能充当谓语，但可以充当句子的其他成分，并且有时态和语态的变化。 动词不定式
定义：动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，它没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能独立作谓语，但它仍保持动词的特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语。 一、不定式的意义 1. 不定式的一般式：一般式表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词表示的动作或状态的同时或之后。当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般要用被动式(to be done). eg: He seemed to be tired. The building to be finished next month is for our teachers. 2. 不定式的进行式：进行式表示动作正在进行，与谓语的动作同时发生。 . When I went to his home, he happened to be traveling around the world. 3. 不定式的完成式：如果不定式所表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词所表示动作或状态之前，就用完成式；若是在此基础上的被动含义，就用完成被动式( to have been done).
. He is said to have written a novel about the Long March. He is said to have been taught French when he was a child. 4. 不定式的完成进行式：如果不定式的动作是在谓语所表示的时间之前一直在进行或有可能继续进行的动作，就要用完成进行式. eg: We’re happy to have been working with the experts all the month. 二、不定式的用法： 1. 不定式做主语：不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。而动名词doing 表示习惯的，经常的动作。 1)不定式作主语时,谓语用单数 To do such things is foolish. 2）主系表结构 To see is to believe. 3)it形式主语。当主语较长，谓语较短时，常用it做形式主语，将不定式放到谓语的后面。 常用于下列结构中： (1)It is/was +adj.+(of sb.) to do…（如 good/ kind/ nice/ clever/ foolish/ selfish…） (2)It is +adj.+(for sb.)+to do…（如easy / difficult / hard / / unwise / possible/ necessary…） (3)It is +a/an +名词+ to do...（如a pity/ a shame / a pleasure /one’s duty / an honor …）
外研版英语【初中英语】非谓语动词专项讲解及练习 一、非谓语动词 1．Sue practices ______ the violin hard and often gives wonderful performances. A. play B. played C. to play D. playing 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：Sue努力练习拉小提琴并经常做精彩演出。Practise doing sth.故答 案为D。 【点评】考查动名词的用法，掌握practice doing结构。 2．My friend invited me ______ the Art Club , and I accepted it with pleasure. A. join B. to join C. joined D. joining 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:我的朋友邀请我参加艺术俱乐部，我愉快地接受了。A.动词原形;B. 动词不定式;C. 动词过去式;D.动词的ing形式。invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事。结合句 意及结构，故选B。 3．The workers were made from morning to night in the past. A. worked B. to work C. work D. working 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:在过去工人们被迫从早晨工作到晚上make sb do sth让某人做某事，其被动语态形式sb be made to do sth所以选B。 4．Our English teacher wants us ______ English stories out of class. A. read B. reading C. to read 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】考查非谓语动词。want sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事。故选C。 5．To live a low-carbon life, we must remember ________ the lights when we leave the room. A. to turn off B. turning off C. not to turn off 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：要过低碳生活，我们必须记住离开房间时要关掉灯。remember （not）to do sth.忘记要做的事；remember doing sth.忘记已经做过的事。根据句末when we leave the room.可知关灯的动作还没有做，此处表示肯定含义，要用不定式的肯定式， 故选A。 【点评】考查动词remember的固定搭配。根据所表示的含义选择正确的搭配。