名词练习题
一、写出下列名词的复数形式
https://www.doczj.com/doc/4e1819279.html,puter ____________
2.apple ____________
3.city ______________
4.house _____________
5.sheep _____________
6.watch ______________
7.tomato _____________
8.child _____________
9.tooth ________
10.foot ______________ 11.wife _____________ 12.potato ____________ 13.play _____________ 14.day ____________ 15.glass ______________ 16.radio ______________ 17.zoo ______________ 18. life ______________ 19. story _____________ 20.leaf _____________ 21. baby _____________ 22.dress _____________ 23.butterfly _____________ 24. deer _____________ 25.class _____________ 26.brush _____________ 27.key _____________
28. English ____________ 29.mouse ____________ 30. man _____________
二、汉译英
1．Tom的足球_________________ 2.老师们的自行车_________________ 3．学生们的课桌_________________ 4.哥哥的文具盒_________________ 5．姑姑的卡片_________________ 6.猴子们的香蕉_________________ 7．蚂蚁们的早餐_________________ 8.妈妈的包_________________
9．姐姐的连衣裙_________________ 10女孩们的苹果_________________ 三、把下列句子翻译成英文
1．这些是Peter 的篮球吗？________________________________________ 2．这个是老师的钢笔吗？___________________________________________ 3．有一些书在Sam的课桌上。________________________________________ 4．有一些孩子们在教室里。___________________________________________
四、改错（圈出错处，在横线上改正过来）
1.There are some butterflys on the table. ________________________
2.This is Alice dress. ______________________
3.I like tomato very much. __________________
五、将下列句子变成复数形式。
1．This dog is brown.
2. There is a book and a pen on the table.
3.That woman is a teacher.
能力测试卷（名词）
一、将下列名词变成复数形式。
1.plane tree lesson
month apple shirt
2. box bus brush
watch class fox
3.knife life leaf
Wife thief
4.day boy monkey
baby country story
5.photo radio piano
tomato hero
6. child tooth man
Sheep English Chinese
二、判断正误，并改正错句，正确的打“√”
1．The house is my brother. ________________________
2. He has visited many country. ______________________
3. They are Englishs. ______________________________
4. This is Tom red bike. ____________________________
三、选择填空
1．There are two ______ in the room.
A. Chineses
B. Englishman
2.The old man will have ___________ out.
A. two tooths
B. two teeth
3. ____________ are sold in this bookstore.
A. Children’s books
B. Children books
4. Some friends of _________ will come here.
A. John’s
B. John
5. Can you give me ______________?
A. some papers
B. a piece of paper
6.There are ______________ on the floor.
A. some box
B. some boxes
四、将下列句子变成复数形式。
1．This sheep is white.
2. There is a desk and a chair in the room.
3.That man is a doctor.
代词练习题
一、根据题意，用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.Mary is a friend of ______________. ( I )
2.This is ________ ( she ) ruler. ________ ( I ) is in the bag.
3.Her brother is too young to look after _________ ( he )
4.This is _________ ( I ) book. This book is _________ ( I ).
5.These pens are _________ ( we ).
三、改写下列句子
Eg, This is my book. ------ The book is mine.
1.That is her ruler. _________________________________
2.These are their footballs. __________________________________
3.This is my backpack . ____________________________________
4.Those are your boxes. ____________________________________
四、把下列句子改写成复数。
1. This is a butterfly. ____________________________________________
2. That is a bus. ________________________________________________
3. It is a mouse. ________________________________________________
五、改错。
1.This is mine lamp. ___________________________________________
2.These are ours books.____________________________________________
3. That are their teacher. ___________________________________________
4.The house is my brother. ________________________
5. He has visited many country. ______________________
6. They are Chineses. ______________________________
7. This is Tom red bike. ____________________________
能力测试卷（代词）
一、帮下面的好朋友团圆（连线）
I 她
its 我们
her 他（她，它）们
we 我
they 你的
their 他（她，它）们
your 她的
she 它的
二、填空
1．She’s a teacher . This is _________ bag.
2. He’s a driver. This is ___________ taxi.
3. I am a boy . __________ name is Peter.
4. --What’s __________ name?
-- My name is Tony.
5. It’s my puppy. ______ name is Mimi.
三、选择
( ) 1.Your book is not so old as _________.
A. him
B. he
C. his
D. she
( ) 2. _____ book is it ? It’s ________.
A. Whose…her
B. Whose… hers
C. Who…hers
D. Whom… her ( ) 3. He is a friend of ________.
A. our
B. us
C. my
D. mine
四、改错
1. I, you and he are all teachers. ______________________________________________________
2. This is mine teddy bear. ______________________________________________________
3. These are ours bags. ______________________________________________________
4. These is their teachers. _____________________________________________________
冠词和数词专项练习
一、在空白处填上适当的冠词，不需要的填“/”。
1) at ____home 2) go to_____ bed 3) go to _____school
4) catch ______ bad cold 5) have _____ good time
6) ______red apple 7)_____ English book 8) ______ spoon
9)_____ orange 10) ______melon 11) _______ eraser
二、选择填空
1.There is _____ “m” in the word “primary”
A.an
B.a
C.the
D./
2.This is ____ orange bike .
A.a
B.an
C.the D/
3.It always takes us half _____ hour to have ____ long walk after supper .
A.a,a B,a ,the C.an , a D.an , the
4.English is ____ useful language in ____ world .
A.an , the
B.a , the
C.the , /
D./ , the
5.We are going to _____ cinema this evening .
A.the
B./ C/a D.an
6.He’s standing on _____ other side of _____ river .
A.a , a
B.the , the
C.the , a
D.a , the
7._____ potato is a vegetable , not ____ fruit .
A.The , an
B.The , a
C.A, the
D.An, /
8.He was _____ first to come .
A.The
B.a
C.the
D./
9.Do you see ____ book on _____ table ?
A.the , a
B.a, an
C.an , an
D.a , the
10.Where’s _____ desk ? It’s in ____ middle of the room .
A./ , /
B./ , a
C.a , /
D.the , the
11.He is _____ friend of mine .
A.an
B./
C.the
D.a
12.There is ____ university near the farm .
A.a
B.an
C.the
D./
13.He died in ____ autumn of 1989 .
A./
B.the
C.a
D.an
14.I have ____ book . I t’ s _____ interesting one . I like reading ____ books very much .
A.a, an ,/
B.a , / , the
C.an , an , the
D./ , an , /
15.Today is _____ Children’s Day .
A.a
B.an
C.the D/
16.This is _____ bag . That is ____ eraser .
A.a, a
B.a , an
C.an , a
D. an , an
四、用代词填空:
1._____ , _____ and ____ are all good friends .
A.We , you , they
B.You , they , we
C.We , they , you
D.They , you , we
2.____ classroom is big , but ____ is much bigger than _____ .
A.We , they , us
B.Our , their , our
C.Our , theirs , ours
D.Our , theirs , we
3.She lost ____ pen . Will you lend her ____ ?
A.her , yours
B.his , your
C.hers , you
D.their , yourself
4. “What are you doing ?”“I am looking at _____ in the mirror ?”
A.me
B.myself
C.itself
D.himself
5.____ , ____ and _____ all enjoy music .
A.She , you , I
B.I , she , you
C.You , she , I
D.I , you , she
能力测试卷（冠词和数词）
一、写出相邻的数词
1. twenty
2. five
3. twelve
4. fifty-eight
5. ninety
6. seventy
7. thirty-eight 8. one hundred
9. one thousand 10. one
二、选择正确答案
1.There are days in a year.
A. three hundreds sixty-five
B. three hundreds and sixty-five
C. three hundred and sixty-five
D. three hundred and sixty five
2.There are students in this school.
A. eight hundreds and forty-six
B. eight hundred and forty six
C. eight hundred and forty-six
D. eight hundred forty-six
3.My brother is in .
A. Three Class, One Grade
B. Class Three, Grade One
C. Grade One, Class Three
D. class three, grade one
4.He was doing some washing .
A. at eight yesterday morning
B. yesterday morning eight
C. yesterday morning at eight
D. by eight yesterday morning
5.There are months in a year. December is the month of the year.
A. twelve; twelve
B. twelve; twelfth
C. twelfth; twelve
D. twelve; twelveth
6.Sunday is the day of the week.
A. seventh
B. first
C. second
D. third
7.Autumn is season in a year.
A. the fourth
B. the third
C. a third
D. third
8.Tom was to get to school and I was .
A. first; ninth
B. the first; the ninth
C. a first; a ninth
D. the second; the ninth
9.What’s the date today? It’s .
A. Friday
B. time to go
C. cloudy
D. June 4th
10.Monday is the second day, and .
A. Tuesday is the fourth
B. Thursday is the fifth
C. the second is Tuesday
D. the second is Thursday
一般现在时态专项练习一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式
post eat stop jump go like
visit
pass
rise
read
ride
have
give
write
swim
study
watch
fly
teach
do
二、单项选择
( )1._____ you have a book ?
A Do B. Are C. Is D. Have
( )2.Does Li Lei like to watch TV?
______________.
A. Yes, he like.
B. No, he doesn’t.
C. Yes, he’d like.
D. No, he likes.
( )3.She doesn’t ______ her homework in the afternoon.
A. doing
B. to do
C. does
D. do
( )4.How ____ Mr. Smith ______ to England?
A. do, go
B. is , go
C. does, go
D. does , goes
( )5. _____ she ______ home at six every day?
A. Is , leave
B. Does , leave
C. Is , leaves
D. Does , left
三、用下列动词的适当形式填空
1.I ______ ( get ) up at 6 o’clock every day.
2.My father ______ (have) a lovely dog.
3.He ______ (go ) to school on foot.
4.She ______ (do ) not like watching TV.
5.They ______ (play) football every Sunday afternoon.
四、按要求完成下列各题
1.Tomorrow is Saturday.(变成一般疑问句)
_________ ________ Saturday ?
2.Does he play basketball every weekend? (肯定回答)
Yes, ______ _______.
3.She looks like her sister.(变一般疑问句)
_____ she ______ like her sister ?
4.Peter and Sam look the same.(一般疑问句)
______ they _____ the same ?
5.Do they always go to the movie (电影院) on Sundays ? (否定回答)
No, _______ _______.
五、英汉互译
1.Tom经常放学后（after school）踢足球。__________________________________
2.我喜欢唱歌。__________________________________
3.He often goes to school on foot. __________________________________
4.Children like to play this game .__________________________________
5.今天是星期日。__________________________________
能力测试卷（一般现在时）
一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式
go have stop
do
write
fly
buy
give
swim study rise ride
cry
go
play
read
come
watch
work
carry
二、用动词的适当形式填空
1.He _______ (go) to school on foot.
2.She _______ not like watching TV. (do)
3.My father _______ (have) a lovely dog.
4.I often ______ ( get ) up at six every morning.
5.My mother _______ ( work) in a school.
三、英汉互译
1.他经常在周六的时候读英语。____________________________
2.Peter 每天都帮助妈妈做家务。_____________________________
3.Tom always plays football after school. _____________________________
4．I get up at six o’clock every day. ______________________________
5. The coat fits (适合) me very well. ______________________________
现在进行时态专项练习
一、写出下列动词的现在分词形式
stay __________ do __________ listen __________ suffer __________ refuse __________ close __________ operate _________ die _________ work ________
spend _________
look _________
make __________
put __________
sit __________
run __________
tie __________
take _________
give _________
ride _________
please _________
win _________
begin _________
open _________
lie _________
二、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.Mary and Lucy are ________ (dance) now.
2.Listen! Someone is _______ (play) the piano in the next room.
3.He is __________ (sweep) the floor at the moment.
4.Look ! The cat ________ ________ (eat) the fish on the table.
5.A: ______ you _______ (study) French ?
B: Yes , I am.
6.She often ____________ (dance) after school.
7.My father and mother ______ ______ (swim) in the pond.
8.My sister is ________ (fly) a kite in the garden.
9.We are __________ (watch) TV now.
10.Be quiet ! The baby _____ ______ (sleep) now.
三、改错
1.We are cleanning our classroom. ______________________________
2.She is sing in the next room. ______________________________
3.What am you doing? ______________________________
4.Mary is comeing back from Beijing.______________________________
5.He often flying kites on Sundays. ______________________________
6.They is reading books now. ______________________________
7.My brother is plays the guitar now. _______________________________
8.Sally is danceing in the room. _______________________________
9.I watching TV at home now. ________________________________
10.Do you listening the radio now? ________________________________
四、英汉互译
1.他正在教室里做作业。______________________________________________
2.We are reading English now.______________________________________________
3.Peter 和Billy 正在操场上（in the playground）打篮球。
________________________________
4.Look ! A bird is flying in the
sky.______________________________________________
5.公共汽车来了。______________________________________________
6.刘先生经常在周日的时候（on Sundays）看英语书。
_________________________________
7.He isn’t playing games. He is studying.
______________________________________________
8.孩子们在摘（pick）苹果。______________________________________________
9.That son of yours is always making troubles (捣乱).
__________________________________
10.你们正在做什么?____________________________________________________
能力测试卷（现在进行时态）
一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式及现在分词形式
play ________ ________ sit ________ ________
do ________ ________ stop ________ ________
put ________ ________ swim ________ ________
skate ________ ________ dance ________ ________
fly ________ ________ lie ________ ________
二、用动词的适当形式填空
1. I am __________(watch) TV now.
2.He ______ ________ (play) in the classroom now.
3.She often __________ (dance) after school.
4.My sister is ________ (fly) a kite in the park.
5.My parents(父母) ________ (swim) in the pond.
三、改错
1. I watching TV at home now. ____________________________
2. My father is plays the piano. ____________________________
1．He often flying kites on Sundays. ____________________________
2．They is reading books. _____________________________
3．She is dancing in the room. _____________________________
三、英汉互译
1．Billy正在教室里做作业。_______________________________________
2．My mother always cleans the house on Saturdays.
_________________________________
1.你正在做什么？________________________________________
2.他们没有踢足球，他们在打篮球。_________________________________________
3.The bus is coming.________________________________________
陈述句专项练习
把下列陈述句变成否定句。
1.My father watches TV every day . My father _____ ____ TV every day .
2.Kate often does her homework at six . Kate ____ often ____ her homework at six.
3.I go to school at seven . I ___ ____ to school at seven .
4.She usually goes home by bus . She ____ usually ____ home by bus .
5.They are good students . They ____ ____ good students .
6.He is clever . He ____ ____ clever .
7.He has some bread for breakfast every morning .
He ____ ____ ____ bread for breakfast every morning .
8.I often drink some tea in the afternoon .
I ___ often ____ ____ tea in the afternoon .
9.He has some eggs . He ____ ____ ____ eggs .
10.Kim likes his new bike . Kim ____ ____ his new bike .
疑问句专项练习
按要求改写句子，每空格限填一词。
1. It’s a large room.(改为复数形式)
______ _______ large rooms.
2. He has to buy a dictionary for his daughter.(改为否定句)
He _______ _______ to buy a dictionary for his daughter.
3. Uncle Wang likes making things. (改为否定句)
Uncle Wang _______ _______ making things.
4. Ann returned the book to the library yesterday.(改写为一般疑问句)
______ Ann _______ the book to the library yesterday?.
5. The hospital is about 300 meters away. (就划线部分提问)
________ _______ is the hospital ?
6.There are fifty-two students in our class. (就划线部分提问)
_______ _______ students are there in your class?
7.I write to my mother once a week. (就划线部分提问)
______ ______ do you write to your mother ?
8.He has three pens. (就划线部分提问) _______ _______ pens does he have ?
9.She is ten years old. (就划线部分提问) ________ _______ is she?
10. They have a class meeting every other week. (改为否定句)
They _______ _______ a class meeting every other week.
11.She has dinner with her grandparents once a week.（改为一般疑问句）
______ she _______ dinner with her grandparents once a week?
12.This kind of cold comes and goes very quickly.（改为一般疑问句）
_______ this kind of cold ______ and ______ very quickly?
13.He spent a whole morning cleaning the room.（就划线部分提问）
______ ______ ______ he ______ cleaning the room.
14. My brother has lunch at the school every day.（改为一般疑问句）
________ your brother ________ lunch at the school every day?
15.Put the book on the desk.（否定句）______ ______ the book on the desk.
16.His bike was bought yesterday. （就划线部分提问）_______ ______ was bought yesterday?
17.She does morning exercises every day. (否定句)
She _______ _______ morning exercises every day.
18.My mother is very well.( 就划线部分提问) _______ is your mother?
19.She has to stay at home.(改为一般疑问句) _______ she _______ to stay at home.
20.Tom has lunch at school every day. (改为一般疑问句)
_______ Tom ______ lunch at school every day.
祈使句专项训练
一、连词成句并改写成否定句。
1．on \ walk \ the \ grass
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
2. ride \ a \ here \ bike
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
二、按要求改写下列句子
1．She likes playing basketball after school. (否定句)
_________________________________________________
2. He did his homework yesterday evening. (一般疑问句)
_________________________________________________
3.Tom wrote a letter to his mother yesterday. (否定句)
_________________________________________________
4.My mother can make kites. (一般疑问句)
_________________________________________________
5. There are some dictionaries on the desk. (否定句)
_________________________________________________
there be与have\has句型专项练习题
一、用“have , there be ”的适当形式填空
1.He _________ a lot of friends.
2._________ _________ four seasons in a year.
3.She _________ seven sons.
4._________ _________ any milk in the cup?
5.Beijing ________ many universities.
6.We _______ a lot of work to do.
7._________ _________ a book and two pens on the table.
8.They ______ many beautiful flowers.
9._________ _________ three pencils and a ruler in the pencil-box.
10.My father ________ a red car.
二、用适当的词填空
1.He often _______ up ________ six o’clock _______ the morning.
2.What’s wrong ________ your mother?
3.Mary can ________ a kite.
4.There _______ an apple and three bananas in the bag.
三、选择填空
1.There _____ two knives in the pencil – box .
A.are
B.is
C.be
D.am
2.How many counties _____ in Europe ?
A.is it
B.is there
C.are they
D.are there
3.Look ! There ____ some apples in that tree .
A.is
B.are
C.be
D.am
4.There ____ some children playing on the playground .
A.is
B.are
C.has
D.have
5.-Are there any fish in the lake now ?
-No . ____ any water in it in winter .
A.There isn’t
B.There aren’t
C.It isn’t
D.They aren’ t
6.There ____ an apple tree near the river .
A.am
B.are
C.is
D.be
7._____ there any good news in today’s newspaper ?
A.Are
B.Is
C.Have
D.Has
8.There _____ a banana and ten pears in the basket .
A.are
B.is
C.has
D.have
9.There _____ some oranges on the table .
A.are
B.is
C.am
D.be
10.There ____ forty – sixty students in Class _____.
A.have , Three
B.are , Three
C.have , Third
D.are , Third
11.There _____ a table with three legs in Jenny’s room .
A.is
B.are
C.has
D.have
12.There _____ ten deer and a monkey in the photo .
A.is
B.are
C.be
D.have
四、汉译英
5.在教室里有二十五名男生和三十名女生。_________________________________
6.在杯里没有一些水。____________________________________
7.在你的书包里有一本故事书吗？_______________________________________
语法综合练习题(一)
二、汉译英
1.Tony的手表______________
2.教师节____________________
3.同学们的教室_______________
4.弟弟的球___________________
三、用适当的人称代词填空
1.This is _______ (I) book, that is ___________ (she).
2.These are ___________ (they) flowers.
3.________ (she) brother is six, but ______ (I) is seven.
4.There are many apples in __________ (you) bag.
四、用a, an填空
1. _________ orange pencil
2. ________ old woman
3. ________baseball
4. ________ hour
五、写出下列动词的单三及现在分词形式
1.get ________ ________
2.read ________ ________
3.skip ________ ________
4. listen ________ ________
5. draw ________ ________
6. close ________ ________
七、用适当介词填空
1.There are many pears _________ the tree.
2.He often plays football ________ school.
3.He goes _______ school ________ Sundays.
4.The birds are ________ the tree.
5.There are two pictures _______ the wall.
八、用动词的适当形式填空
1.My sister often _______ her homework at home. ( do)
2.You must _______ to bed now. (go )
3.He is _________ in the room. (sing)
4.Is she ________ the window now? (clean)
5.May I ________ the door ?(open)
6.She is ________ in Room Two. (dance)
7.He often _________ up late on Sundays. (get)
8.My father usually ________ TV at night. (watch)
9.Mary can __________ books by herself. (read)
10.Sam _________ in the pool. (swim)
九、按要求改写句子
1.This is a basketball. (改为复数句)
2.She is my mother. (就划线部分提问)
3.There is an orange and four rulers on the table. (同义句)
4.Tom plays soccer every day. (否定句)
5.Can you swim? (否定句) ___________________________
6.He is reading a book. He is in the classroom. (改写成一句话)
十、改错。
1．He writing a letter in the room. _____________________
2．She can swims in the river. ________________________
3．He and I am good friends. _________________________
4．Her father is plays the piano. ______________________
5．There are three windows on the wall. ________________
6．The book is mine sister’s. _________________________
语法综合练习题(二)
一、用am, is ,are填空
1. This ________ an interesting book.
2.I ________ a clever boy.
3.You _______ a good teacher.
4.She _______ a policeman.
5.These ________ their books.
6.He and I ________ good friends.
二、用have, there be 的适当形式填空
1. I ________ a computer, and my brother ________ a TV.
2. ________ ________ an apple and two books on the desk.
3. ________ ________ any milk in the glass?
4. ________ ________ any sheep on the farm?
5. She doesn’t _______ a sister.
6.He ________ a red bag, but his brother doesn’t ________ one.
三、根据要求转换句型
1.That is a red car. （变复数句子）
________________________________________________
2.She likes reading English books. （变否定句）____________________________________________
3. Mike has lunch at school. （变一般疑问句）_____________________________________________
4. The dress is very beautiful. (变感叹句) ________________________________________________
5. There are fifteen books on the desk. (划线部分提问) _______________________________________
6. You can’t make faces in class. （变祈使句）____________________________________
7. Put the book on the floor. （变否定句）___________________________________________________
8. He has a beautiful bike. （变一般疑问句）__________________________________________
9. She is a good girl. (变感叹句)_________________________________________________________
10. 他正在屋里唱歌。（汉译英）_______________________________________________________
11. He wrote a letter yesterday. （变一般疑问句）____________________________________________
12. She often watches TV after school. （变否定句）_______________________________________
13. 他的钢笔比她的漂亮。（汉译英）_____________________________________________________
语法综合练习题（三）
三、写出下列动词的单数第三人称、过去式和现在分词形式（10分）
1. What’s wrong __________ your father?
2. Look! There are many birds ________ the tree.
3. Which is the best sport ___________ summer?
4.Do you know where she comes __________________?
5. How many people are there ________ your family?
6. Don’t read ________ the sun.
7. It’s time ________ lunch.
8. It’s time _________ go to school.
9. I often get up ________ six ________ the morning .
七、选择填空（10分）
( ) 1. ________ book on the desk is ________ useful one.
A. The , an
B. A , a
C. The, a
( ) 2. “Where is Mike ?” “I think he is in __________.”
A. Second room
B. Room Two
C. room second
( ) 3. Who runs __________ in your class?
A. fast
B. faster
C. fastest
( ) 4.Does he speak English __________ his brother?
A. as good as
B. as well as
C. best than
( ) 5. He _________ at 6:30 every morning.
A. often get up
B. often gets up
C. gets up often ( ) 6. Who is running ______,Lily or Lucy?
A. very slowly
B. more slowly
C. most slowly ( ) 7. _______ exciting the TV play is !
A. How
B. What
C. How an
D. What an ( ) 8. “Oh, dear! ________ expensive it is!”
A. How
B. What
C. How a
D. What a ( ) 9. There _______ a film next week.
A. will have
B. is going to have
C. is going to be ( ) 10. ________ he playing football now?
A. am
B. Is
C. Dose
D. Are
八、用动词的适当形式填空。（10分）
1. He is ________ (read) a book now.
2. My sister often _________ (go ) to school at 7: 00.
3. Mary can _________ (ride) a bike.
4. Did you _________ (swim) in a pool yesterday?
5. She _________ (sing) now.
6. What _______ you _______ (do) next Saturday?
7. Tom ___________ (not do ) his homework yesterday.
8. Look. She _______________ (dance) over there.
9. In China, spring___________ (begin) in February.
10. May I __________ (ride ) the bike?
九、改错（5分）
1. There are some monkeies in the zoo. ____________________
2. The book is my. __________________
3. This is hers ruler. That is mine. __________________
4. She don’t like reading English. _______________
5. Mary have a blue skirt. _________________________
十、句型转换（15分）
1. Mary often watches TV after school. (否定句)
2. He wrote a letter yesterday evening. ( 一般疑问句)
3. “What is he doing?”
“ He ______________ (fly ) a kite.”
4. Tom has four bikes. (划线部分提问)
5. My father is very well. (划线部分提问)
6. There are some apples in the bag. (否定句)
小学英语语法知识点专项练习 一、名词复数规则 写出下列各词的复数 I_________ him_________ this ________ her ______ watch _______ child_______ photo _______ diary ______ day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________ tooth_______ sheep ______ box_______ strawberry_____thief_______ peach______ sandwich______ man______ woman_______ paper_______ juice_______ water________ milk________ rice__________ tea__________ 二、一般现在时用法专练: 写出下列动词的第三人称单数 drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________ look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry_________ come________ watch______ plant_______ fly __________ study_______ brush________ do_________ teach_______ drink________ start_______ 用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 1. He often ________(have) dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One. 3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday. 4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup? 6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays? 7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day? 8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays. 9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening. 10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle. 11. Mike _______(like) cooking. 12. They _______(have) the same hobby. 13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully. 14. You always _______(do) your homework well. 15. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed. 16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday. 17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE. 18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening. 19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term. 20. －What day _______(be) it today? －It’s Saturday. 改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上) 1. Is your brother speak English? ________________________ 2. Does he likes going fishing? ________________________
小学英语基础语法知识---常考知识点（一） 1）我(I)用am，你you用(are)，is跟着他(he)她(she)他(it)； 2）单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。 3）变否定，更容易，be后not加上去。 4）变疑问，往前提，句末问号某丢弃。 5）还有一条须注意，句首大写莫忘记。 2 名词变复数的基本规则 1）一般情况下，单数名词直接加-s变为复数名词；如：book(s), bag(s)； 2）以“s,x,sh,ch”结尾的名词，直接加-es变为复数名词； 如：bus(es), box(es), brush(es), watch(es)； 3）以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词，变y为i,再加-es变为复数名词； 如：family - families, strawberry - strawberries； 4）以“元音字母（a.e.i.o.u）+y”结尾的名词，以及专有名词，加-s变为复数名词； 如：monkey(s)，donkey(s)； 5）以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v,再加-es；如：knife - knives，wolf - wolves；6）以“o”结尾的名词，有生命的加-es，没有生命的加-s变为复数名词； 如：potato(es)，tomato(es)，photo(s)，zoo(s)； 7）不规则名词复数：如：mouse-mice, child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, man-men, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 1）一般动词后直接加-ing；如：flying，playing； 2）以不发音的“e”结尾的动词，去掉e加-ing；如：skate-skating，ride-riding；3）以重读闭音节结尾的单词，要双写最后一个字母再加-ing； 如：skip-skipping，hop-hopping，run-running；swim-swimming；
英语语法点整理 1. 人称代词 主格：I we you she he it they 宾格：me us you her him it them 形容词性物主代词：my our your her his its their 名词性物主代词：mine ours yours hers his its theirs 2. 形容词和副词的比较级 (1) 一般在形容词或副词后+er older taller longer stronger, etc (2) 多音节词前+more more interesting, etc. (3) 双写最后一个字母，再+er bigger fatter, etc. (4) 把y 变i ，再+er heavier, earlier (5) 不规则变化： well-better, much/many-more, etc. 3. 可数词的复数形式 Most nouns + s a book - books Nouns ending in a consonant +y - y+ ies a story Nouns ending in s, sh, ch or x + es a glass —stories —glasses a watch-watches
Nouns ending in o +s or +es a piano —pianos a mango —mangoes Nouns ending in f or fe - f or fe +ves a knife - knives a shelf-shelves 4. 不可数名词（单复数形式不变） bread, rice, water ,juice etc. 5. 缩略形式 I 'm = I am you 're = you are she 's = she is he 's = he is it 's = it is who 's =who is can 't =can not isn 't=is not etc 6. a/an a book, a peach an egg an hour 7. Preposition: on, in ,in front of, between, next to, near, beside, at, behind. 表示时间：at six o 'clock, at Christmas, at breakfast on Monday on 15th July On National Day in the evening in December in winter 8. 基数词和序数词 one —first two-sec ond twen ty-twe ntieth 9. Some /any I have some toys in my bedroom. Do you have any brothers or sisters?
小学英语语法讲解及习题——时态篇: (一)一般现在时基本用法介绍与练习 一般现在时的功能 1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。 2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。 3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 一般现在时的构成 1.be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。 2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。 【注意】当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。 一般现在时的变化 1.be动词的变化。 否定句：主语+be+not+其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。 一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它。如：-Are you a student?-Yes.I am./No,I'm not. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike? 2.行为动词的变化。 否定句：主语+don't(doesn't)+动词原形(+其它)。如：I don't like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如：He doesn't often play. 一般疑问句：Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。如：-Do you often play football?-Yes,I do./No,I don't. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：-Does she go to work by bike?-Yes,she does./No,she doesn't.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work? 3.动词+s的变化规则 1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,milk-milks 2．以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes 3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：study-studies 一般现在时用法专练: 一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数 drink________go________stay________make________look________have________ pass________carry________come________watch________plant________fly________ study________brush________do________teach________ 二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 1.He often________(have)dinner at home. 2.Daniel and Tommy_______(be)in Class One. 3.We_______(not watch)TV on Monday. 4.Nick_______(not go)to the zoo on Sunday. 5.______they________(like)the World Cup? 6.What_______they often_______(do)on Saturdays? 7._______your parents_______(read)newspapers every day? 8.The girl_______(teach)us English on Sundays. 9.She and I________(take)a walk together every evening. 10.There________(be)some water in the bottle. 11.Mike_______(like)cooking. 12.They_______(have)the same hobby. 13.My aunt_______(look)after her baby carefully. 14.You always_______(do)your homework well.
人教部编版小学1到6年级英语十大基础语法知识总结 小学英语形容词性物主代词 1、形容词性物主代词8个： My your his her its our your their 我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他(她、它)们的 2、形容词性物主代词的特点： 1)译成汉语都有"的" eg:my 我的their 他们的 2)后面加名词：eg:my backpack his name 3)前后不用冠词 a an the This is a my eraser(错误) That is your a pen(错误) It's his the pen(错误) 3、I(物主代词)my you(物主代词)your he (物主代词)her we (物主代词) our 注：在变物主代词时，把原题所给的词加上的，再译成 单词就可以了。 小学英语名词性物主代词 1、名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词一样有8个： Mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs 我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他(她、它)们的 2、名词性物主代词的特点：
1)译成汉语都有"的" 2)后面不加名词 3)名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词 Eg:1、the pen is mine 钢笔是我的(mine=my pen) 小学英语单数的句子变成复数的句子 把单数的句子成复数的句子很简单：变法是把能变成复 数的词变成复数，但a或an要把去掉。特殊疑问词、形容词、国家及地点通常不变。 Eg:把下列句子变成复数 1, I have a car ----we have cars 2, He is an American boy. ----They are American boys 3, It is a car ----They are cars 4,This is an eraser ----These are erasers 5,That is a backpsck -----Those are backpacks 6,I'm an English teather ------We are English teathers 7,It's a new shirt---- They are new shirts 8,He's a boy ----They are boys 9,She's a singer ------They are singers 10,What'sthis in English?---- What are these in English? 小学英语名词单复数 名词有单数和复数两种形式
小学生语法专项练习题 名词练习 一.写出下列单数名词的复数形式 1.orange_______________ 2.box__________ 3.woman____________ 4.tomato________ 5.bus_______ 6.boy________ 7.baby _______ 8.watch_______ 9.photo________ 10.class_______ 11.foot________12.house________13.pen_______ 14.car________ 15.horse________ 16.radio_______ 17.dish________18.child________ 答案：1 oranges 2. Boxes 3. women 4. tomatoes 5.buses 6. boys 7babies 8.watches 9. Photos 10 classes 11. feet 12 houses 13 pens 14 cars 15 horses 16. radios 17 dishes 18 children 二.将下列单词的复数形式改成单数形式 1.doctors_________ 2.cities_______ 3.pianos__________ 4..ears________ 5.churches_______ 6.leaves_________ 7.teeth________ 8.zoos____ 9.brushes ________ 10.knives__________11.men _________12.pears _________ 答案1. doctor 2 city 3 piano 4. ear 5. church 6. leaf 7 tooth 8zoo 9brush 10 knife 11.man 12 pear 三.请从括号里选出正确的答案 1. Please give me__（two /two cups of ）coffee. 2. There are a lot of___(sheep /sheeps ) on the farm. 3. I’d like some__ (bread / breads ) and___ (potato /potatoes). 4. Look! There is a ___(mouse /mice) in the corner. 5. He bought_____(a piece of /a piece ) paper. 6. “Where is___ (Woman’s / Women’s) Room?” asked Susan. 7. ____ (The girl’s/The girls’ ) hobby is drawing. 8. Aunt Lucy sent_____ (a child’s /a children’s ) book to me. 红色为答案 冠词练习
小学英语语法总结文档编制序号：[KKIDT-LLE0828-LLETD298-POI08]
小学英语语法总结 一、时态小结 凡是在must, mustn’t, can, can’t, let’s, don’t, may，will后的一定要用动词的原形二、名词的复数。 名词按其数,可分两种:可数名词和不可数名词. 可数名词的复数变化规则: 1.一般情况下,直接在词尾加-s, 如:girl-girls, book-books, pen-pens 2.以s,x,sh,ch结尾的词,在词后加-es, 如:class-classes, box-boxes, match-matches,
3.以辅音字母+y结尾的,变y 为i 再加-es, 如:city-cities, family-families, country- countries 4.以f或fe结尾的,变f或fe为v再加-es, 如:knife-knives, wife-wives, life-lives, 5.以o 结尾的加-es或-s, 如: radio-radios, tomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes, zoo-zoos, photo-photos, 6.man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, child-children, 三、形容词的比较级、最高级。 形容词有比较级与最高级之分, 单音节词的变化规则: 1.一般情况下,直接在词尾加-er或-est, 如:small-smaller-smallest, short-shorter-shortest 2.以e结尾的,加-er或-est, 如:large-larger-largest, nice-nicer-nicest. 3.以辅音字母+y结尾的, 变y 为i 再加-er或-est, 如:busy-busier-busiest, heavy-heavier-heaviest. 4.以重读闭音节,一个辅音字母结尾的,双写该字母,再加-er或-est, 如:big-bigger-biggest, thin-thinner-thinnest. 5.多音节的词,前加more, most, 如: beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful. 6.good-better-best 四、be 动词,助动词。 现阶段be动词形式有: am, is, are, were, was, isn’t, aren’t, weren’t, wasn’t 助动词形式有: do, does, did, don’t, doesn’t, didn’t ※1. 在英语句子中进行变化的时候, 有be动词的就在be动词上变化,变“过去”, “否定”;否定过去否定 am-------am not(第一人称“I” )am, is ------ was --------- wasn’t is ------- isn’t(第三人称)are------ were --------- weren’t are------aren’t(you和其它人称) 2. 没有be动词的就要加助动词;
语法点归纳 1．like + 动名词，如：like swimming 2．like + 名词复数，如：like masks 3．go + 动名词，如：go climbing 4．how many + 名词复数，如：how many watches 5．different + 名词复数，如：different countries 6．same前加the , 后面一般跟单数，如：the same hobby 7．序数词前一定加the，如：the first day 8．在几点用at, 如at 7 o’clock , 在某一天或某一天具体时间段用on，如：on Sunday, on Sunday morning, 直接在早上、下午或晚上用i n，如：in the morning 9．动词后代词用宾格（动宾）如：join me 10．介词后代词用宾格（介宾）如：with him ,to her 11．want to +动词原形， would like to + 动词原形， sorry to + 动词原形， forget to + 动词原形， it’s time to + 动词原形 12．情态动词can后面加动词原形，let 后加动词原形 13．祈使句中动词用原形，否定句在句首加Don’t 14．助动词（do does don’t doesn’t）后动词用原形
15．形容词加名词（形名），如：a beautiful girl 16．动词加副词（动副），如：dance beautifully 17．some 用于肯定句，any 用于否定句 18．There be 结构就近原则，如：There is a teacher and some students in the classroom. 19．不可数名词：water coffee tea milk juice bread rice food fruit paper chocolate exercise fish people 20．乐器前加the, 球类前不加th e，如：play the piano, play football
小学英语语法知识点汇总 一、名词 表示某一事物，有具体的和抽象的之分。分为可数名词和不可数名词。 强调：不可数名词都默认为单数，所以总是用is或者was； 最好不要根据some、any、a lot of等词去作判断，以免受误导。 1、可数名词如何变“复数形式”： a．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds ；读音：清辅音后读[s]，浊辅音和元音后读[z]。 b．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches ；读音：[iz]。 c．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries ；读音：[z]。 d．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives ，thief-thieves；读音：[z]。e．以“o”结尾的词，分两种情况 1）有生命的+es 读音：[z] 如：mango-mangoes tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes 2) 无生命的+s 读音：[z] 如：photo-photos radio-radios f. 不规则名词复数：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, snowman-snowmen, mouse-mice, child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 2、不可数名词没有复数。 如果要计算不可数名词所表达的数量，就得在数词和不可数名词之间加上“量词+of”。
基础知识 1. 元音音标开头的单词用an，辅音音标开头的单词用a. 2. 肯定句用some, 疑问句和否定句用any. 3. have , has表示某人有，第三人称单数用has , 其他用have. 4. there be表示某地有……单数用there is , 复数用there are. 5. 序数词前要加“the”,序数词一般用于：①日期②第几…③名次 6. 否定句是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词“not”。有be动词（am\is\are）的句子则“not”加在be后面，可缩写成“isn’t，aren’t”，但am not 一般都分开写。没有be动词的要先在动词前面加助动词（do、does或did），再加上“not”，缩写为“don’t , doesn’t , didn’t ，然后把后面的动词变回原形。 7. 一般疑问句：是指询问事实的句子，用“yes”，或“no”来回答。一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上进行变化：①把be动词调到首位，其他照写，末尾标点符号变成问号。②没有be动词的句子在句首加上助动词（do，does，did，）再把后面的动词变回原形。 8.be动词I用am, you用are, is跟着他她它, 复数后面都用are 9.助动词（do/does/did）＋动词原形…? Do+非第三人称单数 Does+第三人称单数 Did+所有主语 10.情态动词can,must,could,would,may,shall,后面跟动词原形 11.祈使句中动词用原形Let’s\Let me +动词原形… 12. 时间介词①in+年、月、季节\the morning\the afternoon ②on+日期、星期、假期 ③at+点钟\noon\night 13.音节 每个元音音标可以构成一个音节。 开音节：1）以元音字母结尾的音节。例：go，by。 2）以不发音的e结尾的音节。例：make，like。 在重读的开音节中元音字母按字母名称读音。 闭音节：以辅音字母（r 除外）结尾的音节，称为闭音节。例：map，desk，is。重读闭音节是指重音在其上边，在重读的闭音节中元音字母读短元音。如run（辅音+元音+辅音的结构）
小学英语语法专项练习题含答案 (1) 名词练习 一.写出下列单数名词的复数形式 _______________ 二.将下列单词的复数形式改成单数形式 ___________________ _________________ 三.请从括号里选出正确的答案 1. Please give me__(two /two cups of )coffee. 2. There are a lot of___(sheep /sheeps ) on the farm. 3. I’d like some__ (bread / breads ) and___ (potato /potatoes). 4. Look! There is a ___(mouse /mice) in the corner. 5. He bought_____(a piece of /a piece ) paper. 6. “Where is___ (Woman’s / Women’s) Room?” asked Susan. 7. ____ (The girl’s/The girls’ ) h obby is drawing. 8. Aunt Lucy sent_____ (a child’s /a children’s ) book to me. 冠词练习 一.在空格内填上a或an elephant 12_________ honest boy book question dress 16______________________X-ray machine 17____________________ice cream 二.选择填空 tells her little daughter _____ old story every night. A. a B. / C. an D. the 2. ______computer on the table is Susan’s. A. A B. An C. The D. / is ______ map of the world on ______wall. ______map is mine. A. a, a, A B. a, the, The C. the, the, The D. the, the,
小学英语基本语法(总16页) -CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1 -CAL-本页仅作为文档封面，使用请直接删除
第一章名词 一、定义 名词是表示人或事物名称的词。它既可以表示具体的东西，也可以是表示抽象的东西。 二、分类 1. 名词可以根据意义分为普通名词和专有名词 如：john is a student student是普通名词，john是专有名词 普通名词前可以用不定冠词a/an, 定冠词the 或不加冠词，专有名词前一般不加冠词，专有名词的首字母要大写。 2. 普通名词又可以分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词，其中个体名词与集体名词是可数名词，物质名词和抽象名称是不可数名词。 3. 专有名词 专有名词是表示人名、地名、团体、机构、组织等的专有名词，多为独一无二的事物。 三、名词的数 1、名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。 可数名词——可以数的名词 不可数名词——数不清（没有复数） drink?milk tea water orange juice coke coffee porridge food?rice bread meat fish fruit cake dumplings 2、可数名词与不定冠词a(an)连用有数数形式，不可数名词不能与不定冠词a(an)连用，没有复数形式 many+可数名词复数 much/a little+不可数名词 some, any , a lot of (lots of) 两者都可以修饰。 3、可数名词可以直接用数词来修饰 不可数名词数词 +量词 +of + 名词 对可数名词的数量提问用how many 对不可数名词的数量提问用 how much 4、不可数名词的量有以下两种表示方法： 1） some, much ,a little ,a lot of ,a bit of , plenty of 用等表示多少。 注意既可以与可数名词复数，又可以与不可数名词连用的有：plenty of ,some ,a lot of ,lots of ,most of 等。 如there is much water in the bottle .瓶中有很多水。 i'll tell you much good news.我要告诉你许多好消息。 we should collect some useful information我们应该收集一些有用的消息。 2）用单位词表示。 用a ... of 表示。
小升初英语语法复习要点 一、名词复数规则 1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2．以s、x、sh、ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives 5．不规则名词复数： man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet 二、一般现在时 1．一般现在时表示经常或习惯性的动作，也可表示现在的状态或主语具备的性格和能力。 2．一般现在时中，没有be动词和情态动词，主语为第三人称单数的肯定句，动词要按规则加上s，主语是非第三人称单数的肯定句，动词用原形。 3．在一般现在时中，句中有be动词或情态动词时，否定句在be动词和情态动词后加not，一般疑问句将be动词或情态动词放在句首。 4．在一般现在时中，句中没有be动词或情态动词时，主语为第三人称单数的否定句在动词前加does+not (doesn’t)，一般疑问句在句首加does 1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks 2 ．以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies 三、现在进行时 1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。 2．现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing. 3．现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。 4．现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。 动词加ing的变化规则 1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking 2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting 3．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping
现在进行时 一.用现在进行时完成下列句子: 1. ______you__________(fly) a kite? Yes,_______. 2. ______you___________(sit) in the boat? 3. ______he_____________(talk) with me? 4. We_______________(play) football now. 5. What_________you__________(do)? 6. I_____________(sing) an English song. 7. What________he____________(mend)? 8. He______________(mend) a car. 9. These boys _________ (play) tennis on the playground. 10. My mother______________ (cook) in the kitchen. 11. We can’t help you,because we ____________ (have )classes. 12. ________ the boy ___________ (write) his homework? 13. Look! These butterflies _________ (fly) in the sky. 14. Listen! The girl ___________ (sing) in the next room. 15. The naughty boy __________ (swim) in the river. 二.选择 ( )1. Look. Lucy is_____ a new bike today. A. jumping B. running C. riding D takeing ( )2. The children _____ football. A. is playing B. are playing C. play the D. play a ( )3. They ______TV in the evening. They do their homework. A. are watching B. can‘t watching C. don’t watch D. don‘t watching ( )4. Listen! She____ in the classroom. A. is singing B. sing C .to sing D. is sing ( )5. ______are you eating? I’m eating ______ meat. A. What,some B. Which,any C. Where,not D. What,a ( )6. Is she ____ something? A. eat B. eating C. eatting D. eats ( )7.My dictionary ___,I have looked for it everywhere but still___ it. A.has lost,don’t find B. is missing,don’t find B.C. has lost,haven’t found D. is missing,haven’t found. ( )8..Having a computer for personal use is no easy task because technology ____ so rapidly. A. is changing B. has changed C. will have changed D. will change ( )9. The building_______ ,I can‘t stand the noise. A. was being built B. is built C. is being built D. builds ( )10. I can’t catch up with the fashion,because the clothes style_______ all the time. A. has changed B. is changed C. is changing D. changed ( )11. It‘s six in the afternoon. The Greens_______ lunch together. A. has B. are having C. have had D. had had ( )12. Don’t make any noise while the students_______ to the class. A. are listening B. listened C. have listened D. had listened
小学英语语法大全经典全面 第2讲语音 1、音素：语音的最小单位。 英语中共有48个音素，其中元音音素20个，辅音音素28个。 /i:/,/?/,/?:/,/?/,/ɑ:/,//,/?:/,/?/ ,/u:/,/?/,/e/,/?/ /p/,/t/,/k/,/t/,/tr/,/ts/,/f/,/θ/,/s/,/ ∫/,/h/ 2、元音：发音时气流不受阻碍。元音分为单元音和双元音两类。 单元音发音时唇形和舌位不变；双元音发音时由一个元音向另 一个 元音滑动，唇形和舌位有一个变化过程，且前重后轻，前长后 短。
3、辅音：发音时气流受到阻碍。辅音分为清辅音和浊辅音两类。 清辅音发音时声带不振动；浊辅音发音时声带振动。 4、音标：用来记录音素的符号。为了避免与字母混淆，音标被放在斜括号/ /内。 5、英语中的一个字母或字母组合在不同的单词中发音可能是不一样的， 而相同的 发音对应的字母或字母组合也可能不完全相同。 6、开音节：以元音字母结尾或以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母再加不发 音的e结尾（r除外）的音节。元音字母在开音节中读长音， 即该字母的名称音。 闭音节：以一个或几个辅音字母（r除外）结尾。元音字母在闭音节中读短音。 // cup 第3讲名词 名词是指表示人和事物名称的词，可以分为专有名词和普通名词两大类。
1、专有名词：特定的人、地方、机构等专有的名称。第一个字母通常要大写。 . Jim Green， New York， Bank of China，Peking University 星期、月份、节日、学科、报刊名也是专有名词。 . Monday，May，Christmas，Spring Festival，Maths，China Daily 2、普通名词：表示一类人或物或抽象概念的名称。普通名词又可以分为四类: 个体名词——表示某类人或东西中的个体，如：student , desk 集体名词——表示若干个体组成的集合体，如：class , family 物质名词——表示无法分为个体的物质名称，如：water , rice , sand，hair 抽象名词——表示情感，状态，品质等抽象名称，如：love ，carelessness 个体名词和集体名词多数可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词，有单、复数形式； 物质名词和抽象名词通常无法用数目计算，称为不可数名词，一般只有一种形式。