2。GEOLOGY地质
2.1 LITHOLOGYCASSIFICATIONAND DESCRIPTION
ORDER
岩性分类与描述顺序
2.1.1 Rock Types 岩石类型
Sedi Sedimentry 沉积岩
clasclastic碎屑岩sssandstone砂岩
mdst mudstone泥岩
sh shale 页岩
clyst, clst claystone粘土岩
sd sand 砂
mSsd medium sandstone 中砂岩
fsst fine sandstone细砂岩
bldr boulder 卵石
pbl pebble卵石
grlgravel 砾石cglconglomerate砾岩
gywkgraywacke 硬砂岩cbl cobble大鹅卵石
ark arkose 长石砂岩grnl granule 粒砂brec breccic 角砾岩
biocbioclastic 生物碎屑岩
vcrs sst very coarse sandstone极粗砂岩
argl argillite泥板岩gyp gypsum 石膏
anhy anhydrite 硬石膏
slt salt盐岩
flint—lingite隧石
carbonate 碳酸盐岩ls limestone 灰岩,石灰岩dolodolomite 白云石
dolst dolostone 白云岩
mrlsmarlstone泥灰石
coq coquina贝壳灰岩
biosp biosparte生物亮晶灰岩
biomi biomicrite生物微晶灰岩
clcar calcarenite 灰屑岩,钙屑灰岩clcltcalcilutite 泥屑石灰岩
micrmicrite微晶灰岩
clcrdcalcirudite 砾屑石灰岩
clslt calcisilitit e 粉砂屑石灰岩
grst grainstone 粒状灰岩
ooliticlimestone 鲕状灰岩
Igneous Rock 火成岩
intrusive igneous侵入岩
extrusive igneous 喷出岩
volccolcanic火山岩grtgranite 花岗岩
dr diorite 闪长岩grdrgrano diorite 花岗闪长岩qudr quartz diorite 石英闪长岩drpo diorite porphyrite闪长玢岩
syenite 正长岩
gab, g b gabbro辉长岩
qu po quartz porphyrite 石英玢岩
an andesite 安山岩
bas basalt玄武岩
arag aragonite 纹石,霞石
Meta Metsmorphic rock变质岩
phyl phyllite 千枚岩
slslate板岩
schschist 片岩
mbl marble大理岩
gne gneiss 片麻岩
qtztquartzite 石英岩
novacnovaculite 致密石英岩
2.1.2 COLColor,Colour
颜色
blkblack 黑色brn brown棕色
yel yellow 黄色
gy, grygrey 灰色
or orange 橙色,桔色
blblue 蓝色
gn, grngreen绿色
wi, wht white 白色pnkpink粉红色
pl purple紫色
lav lavender浅紫色,淡紫色
bfbuff 浅黄色
tn tan 棕黄色
choc chocolate 褐色
ochochve 褐色,黄褐色
olv olive橄榄色
crmcream 奶油色
mottmotted 杂色,斑点
voclvaricoloree杂色得
amb amber 琥珀色
lt light淡得
dk, drk dark 暗得cc color code 颜色代码
2.1.3 Hardness 硬度
VHD very har d 非常硬
MHD middle hard 中硬
H hard 硬
SFTsoft 软
VSFTvery soft 非常软
2.1.4 Roundness 磨圆
sharp angular尖棱状
angle angular 棱角状
subangle subangular 次棱角状
subrnd subround 次圆状
rnd round 圆状
wellround磨圆好
2.1.5 Grain Size Terminology颗
粒大小术语
(see app. Table) (见附表)
2.1.6 Sorting分
选
go good好
f fair一般
md medium中等
pr poor 差
c coarsely 粗造
2.1.7 Cementation
胶结,胶结物
cp compact 胶结致密
dns dense 胶结密实wellwell 胶结好
lse loose胶结疏松
sdyare sandy arenaceous 砂质
sdy sandy砂质
mdy are mudyargillaceous 泥质
ethyearthy泥质
cly clay粘土质
cal, calc calcarous 钙质
si siliceous 硅质lim limy 灰质
kao kaolin 高岭土质
carb carbonaceous 碳质得qtzc quartzitic 石英质
quartzizose 石英质得
nacnacreous 珍珠质
2.1.8 Accessoriesof Rock岩石
得次要成分
min mineral 矿物
accessary mineral次生矿物
qz, qtzquartz 石英mic,mica micaceous云母musc muscovite 白云母
biot biotite 黑云母
srct sericite绢云母
fldfeldspar 长石
orth orthpclase 正长石
plag plagioclase斜长石
gabgabbro 辉长石
pypyrite 黄铁矿
lmt limonite 褐铁矿mag magnetite 磁铁矿
calc calcite方解石dol dolomite 白云石gyp gypsum石膏
anhy anhydite 无水石膏
sa salt盐
asph asphalt 沥青
bit bitumen沥青
gilgilsomite天然沥青
flnt flint 黑燧石,电石
cht chert 黑硅石
chk chalk 白垩fos fossils 化石micfo microfossil 微化石
macfo macrofossil 大化石
pl fos plant fossil 植物化石
vrtbvertebrate 脊椎动物
ancient life 古生物
fau fauna动物群floflora植物群spo, spr spore 孢子,孢粉tritrilobite 三叶虫
corcoral 珊瑚
shlshell贝壳
amm ammonite 菊石
algalgae藻类
diat diatoms硅藻char charophyte轮藻
类
grap graptolit e 笔石类
ost ostracod介形虫(节肢动物)
para paraparchites 介形虫
cono conodont牙形虫
crincrinoid海百合
TentTentaculities竹节石属
moll mollusc 软体动物
EchEchinoid 海胆类(棘皮动物)
Bry Bryozoa苔藓动物门
Ceph Cephalipod 头足纲(软体类)
BelmBelmnifera箭石属(头足类)
Brach Brachinopoda 腕足类(动物门)
Cyp Cypridopsis 斗星介属(介形类)
foram foraminifera 有孔虫类Endo Endothgra 内卷虫属(有孔虫类)
Glob Globigerina 抱球虫属(有孔虫类)
Gast Gasttropod 腹足纲(软体动物)
Fus Fusulinicl纺锤蜓
2.1.9 DepositionalDistinguishing Feature 沉
积识别特征
sedimentarystructur e 沉积构造
bddbeded层状得
bndd banded层状得
ban d ban d 夹层
xlam crosslaminated 交错层理
xbddcrossbeded 交错层
intbdd interbeded互层得,夹层得
crnk crinkled 褶皱
contcontact接触,界面
unconf unconformity不整合
conf conformity 整合
crevcreviv e 裂隙
conc concretion结核,含有物
nod nodules结核、团块
vesvesicular 多孔状
lumpy lumpy块状
conch conchoidal 贝壳状
gran granular 颗粒状slky silky 丝状
gl glassy 玻璃状
fib fibrous 纤维状
glblr globular 球状
xl crystal 结晶
xln crystalline 结晶体
2.1.10 Others
其它
porosity 孔隙度
gd goo d 15%好
fair 10~15%中等
poor5~10% 较差
traceless 5% 微小
fissibity 解理,可劈性
clvg clesvage 解理,劈理
crystal or grain size 晶体形状与颗粒大小
texture结构lstrlustre光泽
silky丝绢光泽
swelling properties膨胀度,膨胀性
solubiling 吸水性
accessory mineral次生矿
2.1.11 Examinationfor HydrocarbonShows 油
气显示鉴定
hydrocarbon indication油气显示
oil show description 油气显示描述
fluorescence observation 荧光观察
dirfluo direct fluorescence 湿照
samplefluorescence干照
cutfluo cutting fluorescence 滴照
solvent fluorescence 浸泡照射
nofluo no fluorescence无荧光显示
micro trace显示相当微弱
trace
微弱
present 有,中等
important 强
very important很强
bribright明亮
2.2THE EXAMPLES OFLITHOLOGYDESCRIP TION
岩性描述范例
2.2、1Noncarbonate , clastic 非碳酸盐岩,碎屑岩
Ifthe representative samples from the siever havebeen selectedand thepercentage of thevarious constituentsha ve been estimated, thenthelogical order of thesample descri ptionis:
如果从筛子中已选出具有代表性得岩样,而且该岩样得各组份含量已估计出,那么该岩样得描述顺序则为:
1, ROCKTYPE 岩性,岩石类别
2, COLOR 颜色
3, HARDNESS 硬度(硬化作用)
Thecommon adjectivesdescribinginduratio nare:
硬化作用一般得形容描述内容就是:
densehard medium-hard soft spongy
密集得,硬得,中等坚硬,软得,多孔得
friablepact brittle slatey
松散得致密得脆得板状得
4,GRAIN SIZE颗粒大小seeto figure2,1。5 (见图表2,1,5)
5, GRAINSHAPE颗粒形状
Theonly five generalclasses areconsidered and definedasfollowing:
唯一可考虑得五种一般类别为:
sharp angularsubangular rounded wellrounded
尖棱状棱角状次棱角状磨圆状好得磨圆状
6, SORTING分选作用7,LUSTER 光泽Themon usedterms of theluster are: 关于光泽一般常使用得词组有:
coatedpittedfrosteddeeply etched f rostysilky
覆盖物坑状物霜状表面深度侵蚀霜状得丝绢光泽
oily vitreousglassy shiny translucen tearthy
油脂光泽透明得玻璃得发亮得半透明得泥土状
waxysootyvelety soapy resinous 蜡状得乌黑色天鹅绒状肥皂状树脂状
8,CEMENTATION胶结,胶结物
calcitedolomitesulfates ironoxides silica pyrite clays silts
方解石白云石硫酸盐氧化铁硅质黄铁矿粘土粉砂
siderite
菱铁矿
9, STRUCTURE 构造
Thestructure of sandstonerefers to: 砂岩得构造一般就是指:
laminations fracturesfractures patternsban dingnodular
纹理裂缝裂缝形式条纹结核状
Themon structures ofshales and siltstoneare: 页岩与粉砂岩得构造就是指:
massive lumpy platy laminated foliated fissile
块状团块状纹层状薄片状裂片状
splintery flakey
10,ACCESSORIES次生矿物
The mon butminor constituents ofsandstones are:
常见得砂岩微量次生矿物有:
biotite muscoviteglauconitepyrite b aritesiderite chert
黑云母白云母海绿石黄铁矿重晶石菱铁矿黑隧石
coals solid hydrocarbonsfossils
煤固态烃化石
11, INCLUSIONS夹杂物
gypsum anhydrite chert iron oxides noduies pellets ofbarite
石膏无水石膏黑隧石氧化铁结核体重晶石球
pyrite mud oolitescoal concretionary materials
黄铁矿泥浆鲕状岩煤固结材料
2、2。2Carbonate碳酸盐岩
Afterthe lithology of the sampleshave been selected, the description of the carbonate can be do inthe following order:
岩样岩性选择好后,碳酸盐岩得描述可依以下顺序进行:
1, COLOR颜色
The normal colors of limestones anddolomites are: gray, wh ite,buff, brown
石灰岩与白云岩得正常颜色就是:灰色,白色,浅黄色,棕色
2, GRAIN SIZE颗粒大小
3, CHARACTOR OF GRAINS 颗粒特征
Fragments can be described in the same as sand grai ns:碎屑可与砂岩一样进行描述
sharpangular subangular rounded globular spheroidal
尖棱角棱角状次棱角状圆状球形扁球形
Oolites may be classed as: spheroidal, spherical, e lliptical, irregular,flattened
鲕粒可分类为:扁球形,球形,椭圆状,不规则状,拉平状4, TEXTURE 结构
see to thefigure 2。3.4 (参见表2、3。4)
5, STRUCTURES 构造
The structurefeature ofcarbonateinclude:碳酸盐岩构造特征包括:
stylolites fractures microfractures laminae band ing crinkling
柱状构造裂缝构造微裂缝构造纹层状带状波状
concretions whorls brecciation
结核状环状角砾状
6, INCOUSIOUS 夹杂物
2。2、3 Hydrocarbon Show Description 油气显示描述
Hydrocarbonshow description should be written in the follo wingorder:
油气显示得描述应按以下顺序来写:
1, free oil inmud泥浆中得游离油2, odor 油味,气味
3,visible staining-color and percentage 可视染色情况:颜色与所占百分比
4, fluorescence: rate, color,intensity andpercentage
荧光显示情况:级别,颜色,强度与百分比5, cut: rate, color,intensity and naturalcolor
泡荧光情况:级别,颜色,强度与自然颜色2。2、4Examples描述范例
Sst: at 3185m.gy-wh. v hd 、70%cse gr . 20%m gr。10% fgr。Subrnd—rnd
iregshaped ctgs。Tr calc, nofoss、No vispor。Nofluo
砂岩:井深:3185米,灰色—白色,含70%得粗砂,20%得中砂,10%得细砂、
次圆—圆状,岩屑形状不规则,微含方解石。无化石、无可见孔隙。无荧光Ls: at4255m、wh—gy。M hd。iregshaped ctgs。90%of ctgs show vdri— yel/
gld fluo。Abnt free oilin mud as globs 2mm in dia
石灰岩: 井深:4255米, 白色-灰色,中硬。岩屑形状不规则。荧光灯下90%
得岩屑呈现亮黄--金黄色、泥浆中富含游离油, 油花直径为2毫米。2。2、5Termsand Phases in Discussion of LithologyDescr iption
岩性描述讨论中使用得术语
standard log form 标准录井格式
the standard welllog 标准录井图
the conventional strip log常规条状录井图
stratigraphiccolumnsection岩层柱状剖面图
cross section横剖面图
vertical scale 垂直比例
expended scales扩展比例
symbols , legends岩性符号,图例
lithologic description 岩性描述basic geologic work 基本得地质工
作
writtendescription 手绘描述
rockexamination 岩石检验
rock analysis 岩石分析
rock and mineral identification岩石与矿物鉴定
routine examination 常规检验
test with dilute HCl 用稀释得盐酸检验
treatmentwith acid 与酸反应
dilute acid 稀释盐酸
dot dilutehydrochloricacid 稀释得热盐酸
th e effervescencetest起泡试验
degree of effervescence起泡程度degreeofreaction 反应程度
immediatelyand sharply 立即,剧烈
quickly快速得
slowly 慢得
acid polish,the etched surface溶蚀面
nature of residue残余物本质
the untreated rockfragment未反应得岩石碎片
insoluable residue非溶解残余物
lackofreaction withacid与酸不反应
the solublematrix 溶解性岩石骨架物质
hardness硬度
scratching therock fragment surface 划岩石随片表面
distinguishing differentlithic type 区分不同岩性类型
thin section examination 薄片检验
grain—matrix relationship 颗粒骨架关系
grain-cement relationship 颗粒胶结关系
methods oflogging 录井得方法
interpreativ e system 解释系统
different rock types 不同岩石类别
lithologiccharacteristics 岩性特征
drillingcutting 钻井岩屑
quality of samples 岩样得质量
percentage system 百分比系统
porosityestimates 孔隙度估计
scaning sample扫描岩样
lithologicbreaks 岩性中断
thestandard order of description 岩性描述得标准顺序
rockcompoents 岩石组份
grain size 颗粒大小
size grade粒级
shape of grain 颗粒形状
evidence ofwear 磨蚀痕迹
distribution of grains颗粒分布
detection and evaluation of porosity孔隙度得检测与评价
thevolume of the voidspace in the rock 岩
石中有效空间得体积
the capacity o f arockfor transmitting afluid 岩石传输流体得能力
effectiveporosity 有效孔隙度
qualitative estimatesofthepore size 孔隙大小得定量估计
sizeofvugs裂缝大小
the description ofhydrocarbon烃类得描述
a decision factor决定因素
obvious shows 明显显示
positiveindications o f hydrocarbons incuttings钻屑中烃类存在得正标志
strengthofodor 气味强度
oilodor, condensat e odor 油味,凝析油味
on a freshbroken surfac e 新鲜断面
oil-bearing rock fragments 含油岩碎片
examination of hydrocarbonfluorescence烃类物质荧光检测
mineralfluorescence 矿物荧光
hydrocarbon fluorescence 烃类荧光
theintensity range强度范围
oilfluorescence 含油荧光
extremelyweak 极弱
very weak 非常弱
weak,fair, strong 弱,一般,强
problemsininterpreting drilling cuttings 钻屑解释中存在得问题
truecuttings
真实岩屑
fresh cutting 新鲜岩屑
flaky shap e 块状
freshnessof appearance新鲜断面
cavings坍塌物
re-circulation 再循环物
other contaminations 其她污染物
lost circulation materials堵漏材料
obviously foreignmaterials 明显得外部物质
cementfragments 水泥碎片
rock dust 岩石粉尘
powdered rock粉末状岩石
sample lagcorrection error 岩屑迟后校正有误
foreign oil contamination 外部油品污染
pipe dope钻杆丝扣油
grease 润滑油
fueloil 燃料油
2。3 PETROLEUMGEOLOGY石油地质
2。3.1Applicationof GeologyConcepts 地质概念得应用
geologicalfactor地质因素
early exploration早期勘探
surfaceexploration 地面勘探
subsurface exploration 地下勘探
predrilling exploration 钻前勘探geophysical exploration地球物理勘探
geochemical exploration 地球化学勘探
seismograph 地震仪
theseismic method地震勘探法
thegravimeter method重力勘探法
themagnetometer 磁力勘探法
ERSAT Earth Resource Satellite 地球资源卫星
exploration application勘探应用
basin evaluation盆地评价wildcatwells 区域范围内预探井
2。3.2DepositionalEnvironment沉积环境
depositional basin 沉积盆地
sedimentaryenvironment 沉积环境
depositional environment沉积环境recentdepositionalenvironment 近代沉积环境
interpretation ofenvironment 环境解释
environment color环境颜色
post-depositionalhistory of the sediments 沉积物得后沉积历史
geological history地质历史
history ofdeposit 沉积历史depositionalsequence 沉积序列
geochemical environment地球化学环境
thesignificant indicatorsof environment of deposition沉积环境得明显标志
diagnostic fossile特征化石internalstructure of fossils 化
石得内部结构
sedimentarystructures沉积构造syngenetic structure 同生构造
pacting压实作用
cementation胶结作用
sorting分选作用
oxidation 氧化作用
continental aeolian陆相风成
deltaic 三角洲aeolian 风成三角洲alluvial 冲击三角洲
transitional deltaic 海陆过渡三角洲沉积相
coastal interdeltaic 三角洲滨海沉积相
deltaic plain 三角洲平原
prodeltaicplain前三角洲平原
marine海相沉积
normalmarine 正常海相slope大陆坡shelf 大陆架
offshore area 浅海地区
deepoceanareas深海地区
deep 深海
2、3。3 Geological Structures地质构造
earth movement 地壳运动
crustalmovement ofthe earth地壳运动
contour map 等高线图,构造图
thestructural arrangement 构造排列
old shoreline古岸线
pinchout地层尖灭
truncationof beds 地层截断
sand trend 砂层趋势strata/ beds 岩层,地层
fold 褶皱
anticline背斜
syncline 向斜symme trical anticline对称背斜plunging asymme trical anticline 不对称倾伏背斜
plunging syncline 倾伏向斜
fault断层normalfault正断层reversefault逆断层thrust fault逆掩断层
lateral fault平移断层
rotational fault旋转断层
upthrust fault 仰冲断层unconformity不整合discon conformity 假整合
angularunconformity角度不整合saltdome盐丘dome withdeep salt core 具有盐核得穹隆
vitrinite 镜质体
geological profile地质剖面
outcrops 露头unweatheredoutcrops未经风化得露头
cuttings岩屑
core岩心
2.3.4 Origin &Migration ofPetroleum 油气得成因与运移
a source of oil and gas油气源
sedimentary rocks沉积岩
in theabsenceof oxygen 缺氧得环境
sourcerocks生油
材料专业英语常见词汇(一) Structure ['str?kt??]组织 Ceramic [si'r?mik]陶瓷 Ductility [d?k'til?ti] 塑性 Stiffness ['stifnis]刚度 Grain [ɡrein]晶粒 Phase [feiz]相 Unit cell 单胞 Bravais lattice 布拉菲['l?tis]布拉菲点阵 Stack [st?k]堆垛 Crystal ['krist?l] 晶体 Metallic crystal structure [mi't?lik, me-]金属性晶体点阵Non-directional [,n?ndi'rek??n?l, -dai-]无方向性 Face-centered cubic ['kju:bik]面心立方 Body-centered cubic 体心立方Hexagonal close-packed [hek's?ɡ?n?l]['kl?us'p?kt]密排六方Copper ['k?p?] 铜 Aluminum [?'lju:min?m]铝 Chromium ['kr?umj?m]铬 Tungsten ['t??st?n]钨 Crystallographic Plane [,krist?l?u'ɡr?fik][plein]晶面Crystallographic direction 晶向 Property ['pr?p?ti] 性质 Miller indices ['indisi:z]米勒指数 Lattice parameters ['l?tis][p?'r?mit?]点阵参数 Tetragonal [te'tr?ɡ?n?l]四方的 Hexagonal [hek's?ɡ?n?l]六方的 Orthorhombic [,?:θ?'r?mbik]正交的Rhombohedra [,r?mb?u'hi:dr?] 菱方的 Monoclinic [,m?n?u'klinik]单斜的 Prism ['prizm]棱镜 Cadmium ['k?dmi?m]镉 Coordinate system [k?u'?:dinit, k?u'?:dineit]坐标系Point defect ['di:fekt, di'f-, di'fekt]点缺陷Lattice ['l?tis]点阵 Vacancy ['veik?nsi]空位 Solidification [,s?lidifi'kei??n]结晶 Interstitial [,int?'sti??l]间隙 Substitution [,s?bsti'tju:??n]置换 Solid solution strengthening [s?'lju:??n]['stre?θ?n, 'stre?kθ?n] 固溶强化
《计算机网络》中英文对照 Chapter 1 End system P28 端系统 Modem P29 调制解调器(俗称:猫) Base station P29 基站 Communication link P30 通信链路 Physical media P30 物理介质 Coaxial cable P30 同轴电缆 Fiber optics P30 光纤 Radio spectrum P30 射频频谱 Transmission rate P30 传输速率 Packets P30 (数据)包,或分组 Routers P30 路由器 Link-layer switches P30 链路层交换机 Path P30 路径 ISP (Internet Service Provider) P30 网络服务提供商 TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) P31 传输控制协议 IP ( Internet Protocol) P31 网际协议 Intranets P31 内网 API (Application Programming Interface) P32 应用程序编程接口Network edge P35 网络边缘 Access Networks P38 接入网 Ethernet P42 以太网 Network core P48 网络核心 Circuit Switching P50 电路转换 Packet Switching 分组交换 FDM (frequency-division multiplexing) P50 频分多路复用 TDM (time-division multiplexing) P50 时分多路复用 Statistical Multiplexing 统计复用 Store-and-forward 存储转发 Queuing delays P53 排队延迟 Transmission delay P60 传输延迟,或发送延迟 Propagation delay P60 传播延迟 Throughput P59 吞吐量 Internet backbone P57 骨干网 Delay P59 延迟,或时延 Loss P59 丢包 Packet-Switched Network P59 分组交换网络 Nodal processing delay P60 节点处理延迟 End-to-end delay P66 端到端延迟 Instantaneous throughput P68 瞬时吞吐量
2. GEOLOGY地质 2.1 LITHOLOGY CASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION ORDER 岩性分类和描述顺序 2.1.1 Rock Types 岩石类型 Sedi Sedimentry 沉积岩 clas clastic 碎屑岩 ss sandstone 砂岩 mdst mudstone 泥岩 sh shale 页岩 clyst, clst claystone 粘土岩 sd sand 砂 mSsd medium sandstone 中砂岩 fsst fine sandstone 细砂岩 bldr boulder 卵石 pbl pebble 卵石 grl gravel 砾石 cgl conglomerate 砾岩 gywk graywacke 硬砂岩 cbl cobble 大鹅卵石 ark arkose 长石砂岩 grnl granule 粒砂 brec breccic 角砾岩 bioc bioclastic 生物碎屑岩 vcrs sst very coarse sandstone 极粗砂岩 argl argillite 泥板岩 gyp gypsum 石膏 anhy anhydrite 硬石膏 slt salt 盐岩 flint-lingite 隧石 carbonate 碳酸盐岩 ls limestone 灰岩,石灰岩 dolo dolomite 白云石 dolst dolostone 白云岩
mrls marlstone 泥灰石 coq coquina 贝壳灰岩 biosp biosparte 生物亮晶灰岩 biomi biomicrite 生物微晶灰岩 clcar calcarenite 灰屑岩,钙屑灰岩 clclt calcilutite 泥屑石灰岩 micr micrite 微晶灰岩 clcrd calcirudite 砾屑石灰岩 clslt calcisilitite 粉砂屑石灰岩 grst grainstone 粒状灰岩 oolitic limestone 鲕状灰岩 Igneous Rock 火成岩 intrusive igneous 侵入岩 extrusive igneous 喷出岩 volc colcanic 火山岩 grt granite 花岗岩 dr diorite 闪长岩 grdr grano diorite 花岗闪长岩 qu dr quartz diorite 石英闪长岩 dr po diorite porphyrite 闪长玢岩 syenite 正长岩 gab, gb gabbro 辉长岩 qu po quartz porphyrite 石英玢岩 an andesite 安山岩 bas basalt 玄武岩 arag aragonite 纹石,霞石 Meta Metsmorphic rock 变质岩 phyl phyllite 千枚岩 sl slate 板岩 sch schist 片岩 mbl marble 大理岩 gne gneiss 片麻岩 qtzt quartzite 石英岩 novac novaculite致密石英岩 2.1.2 COL Color, Colour 颜色 blk black 黑色 brn brown 棕色 yel yellow 黄色 gy, gry grey 灰色
API(America Petroleum Institute美国石油学会BHA(bottom hole assembelly井底钻具组合BHP(bottom hole pressure井底压力BOP control room远程控制台 BOP(blowout preventer防喷器 BTC(buttress thread connection梯形扣 CP(circulating pressure循环压力 DC(drill collar钻铤 DL(dogleg 狗腿 DLS(dogleg severity狗腿严重度DP(drill pipe钻杆 DST(drill stem test中途测试ECD(equivalent circulating density循环当量密度ECD(equivalent circulating density当量循环密度EF(external flush外平 EMW(equivalent mud weight当量泥浆密度EUE(external upset end内加厚 FCP(final circulating pressure终了循环压力FH(full hole贯眼扣 GPM(gallon per minute加仑每分HCR(hydraulic control remote valve液动阀 HP(hydrostatic pressure静液柱压力HWDP(heavy weight drillpipe加重钻杆 IADC(international association of drilling contractors钻井承包商 ID(inside diameter内径 IF(internal flush内平扣 KOP(kickoff point造斜点 LOT(leak off test漏失实验 LTC(long thread connection长园扣
六. Abbreviation
168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 R/D R/I RCCP REV RMA RMA ROP RPN RTV S/N S/O SAI SCM SFC SIP SIS SMD SMT SOP SOR SPC SPEC SQM SWOT TE TOC TPI TPM TQA TQC TQM VQA VQM W/H W/O WHS WIP Research and Development Run-In Rough Cut Capacity Planning Revision Returned Merchandise Access Return Merchandise Approval(or Authorization Re-Order Point Risk Priority Number Return To Vendor Serial Number Sales Order Social Accountability International Supply Chain Management Shop Floor Control Standard Inspection Procedule Strategic Information System Surface Mounting Device Surface Mounting Technology Standard Operation Procedure Special Order Request Statistical Process Control Specification Supplier Quality Management Strengths、Weaknesses、Opportunities、 Threates test engineering Theory of Constraints Total Productive Innovation Total Production Management Total Quality Assurance Total Quality Control Total Quality Management Vender Quality Approval Vendor Quality Management Warehouse Work Order warehouse Work In Process 研發部常溫熱機(老
[A] Alphamosic Graphics字母镶嵌图形Active Directory动态目录 ADSI动态目录服务接口Autosizing自动调整大小Anonymous FTP 匿名文件传输Access Control 访问控制 ARP地址解析协议 API 应用程序界面 ACL 访问控制表 Attenuation 衰减 ARP 地址解析协议 Adapter 适配器 Average seek time 平均寻道时间Authorization 授权,认证 Adapter 适配器 A3D 3D定位音效技术 Acrobat Adobe阅读软件 AC97 音响数字/模拟转换 ACL 访问控制表 A3D Aureal声音技术 ATAPI AT附件包接口 aliasing 混淆 utoexec.bat 自动批处理文件API 应用程序设计接口 ASP服务器开发专用脚本 ADSL 非对称数字用户线路 AVI 影音文件 ADSL 非对称数字用户环线 Algorithm 算法 Alpha DEC公司微处理器 Authorwsre Authorware 多媒体创作软件AMI BIOS BIOS基本输入/输出系统AGP 加速图形接口 Aactive matrix 动态矩阵 Aactive Network 动态网络Authentication and Authorization 鉴别与授权 Auditing 审计,计审 At Work Architecture,Microsoft Microsoft 的At Work体系结构 [B] BISDN宽带综合业务数字网 BRI基本速率接口 BIS商务信息系统 Bundled Software捆绑软件 Bluetooth蓝牙 Back Door 后门
地质专业英语词汇A a horizon a 层位 a lineation a 线理 a twin a双晶 aa lava 块熔岩 aalenian stage 阿林阶 abandon 废弃 abandoned mine 废弃得矿山abandoned well 废孔 abatis 通风隔墙 abdomen 腹部 abdominal appendage 腹肢abdominal cavity 腹腔 abdominal fin 腹 abductor外展肌 abductor muscle外展肌abernathyite 水砷钾铀矿 aberration象差 abichite 光线矿 abiogenesis 自然发生abiogeny自然发生 abiotic factor 非生物因素ablation 剥蚀 ablation breccia 剥蚀角砾岩ablation moraine 消融碛ablation skin 熔蚀皮 ablationtill 消融碛ablykite 阿布石 abnormal异常得 abnormal interference color 异常干涉色 abnormal metamorphism异常 变质酌 abolition 废除 abrade 剥蚀 abrasion海蚀 abrasionplatform磨蚀台 地 abrasion surface 浪蚀面 abrasion terrace 磨蚀阶地 abrasionn test磨耗试验 abrasive 磨料;海蚀得 abrazite 多水高岭土 absarokite 正边玄武岩 absite钍钛铀矿 absolute age 绝对年龄 absolute black body绝对 黑体 absolute chronology绝对 年代学 absolute dating绝对年 代测定 absolute geopotential 绝对 重力势 absolute porosity 绝对孔隙率 absolute pressure 绝对压力 absolutestructure 绝对构 造 absorbed water 吸附水 absorbent吸收剂 absorber 吸收器 absorbing well 吸水井 absorption 吸收 absorption axis 吸收轴 absorptionborder融蚀缘 absorption curve 吸收曲线 absorption edge吸收端 absorption factor 吸收率 absorption spectrum 吸收 光谱 absorptive capacity吸收 率 absorptivity 吸收性 abukumalite 铋磷灰石 abundance丰度 abundance of elements 元素丰度 abundance ofisotopes 同位素丰度 abundance ratio of isotopes 同位素相对丰度 abysmaldeposits 深海沉积 物 abyss深海 abyssal 深海得 abyssal benthic zone 深渊底 栖带 abyssal deposits 深海沉积 物 abyssalfacies 深海相 abyssal hills province 深 海丘陵区
Chapter 1 The Frequently Used-vocabulary In Well Control 井控常用词汇 1.abnormal pressure 异常压力(normal pressure, 正常压力 higher-than-expected/normal pressure, lower-than-normal pressure abnormally high pressure abnormally low pressure 2.accumulator储能器 3.accumulator bottle储能器瓶 4.acid fracture酸裂 5.adjustable choke可调节流阀 6.annular blowout preventer (BOP)环型 防喷器(ram BOP) bag BOP 7.annular pressure/casing pressure环空压 力(套压)(drillpipe pressure立压) pit gain 8.annular space环空(annulus) 9.annular velocity环空上返速度 10.anticline 背斜 11.atmospheric pressure 大气压 (0.1Mpa)(1at)
12.background gas 背景气 13.back off 倒扣/卸扣 make up 14.back-pressure 回压 check/单向阀 non-return valve回压凡尔 15.barite BaSO4重晶石 16.barium sulfate BaSO4 17.barrel (bbl) gallon/加仑 1m3=6.2897bbl 18.bell nipple 钟型导向短节,(喇叭口) 19.BHP (bottom hole pressure) 20.bleed 放喷 21.bleed line放喷管线 22.blind ram 全封闸板 pipe ram 半封闸板 shear ram 剪切闸板 23.blind ram preventer全封闸板防喷器 24.blowout 井喷 (kick 井涌) 25.blowout preventer control panel防喷器 控制面板 console 26.blowout preventer control unit防喷器控 制系统 27.blowout sticking 井喷卡钻
电气工程常用专业英语词汇表 电气工程常用专业英语词汇表 电路基础 ideal voltage (current) source 理想电压(流)源volt-ampere characteristic 伏安特性potential difference 电位差 reference potential 参考电位resistance 电阻capacitance 电容 inductance 电感 reactance 电抗 inductive(capacitive) reactance 感(容)抗impedance 阻抗 equivalent circuit 等效电路 Ohm’s law 欧姆定律Kirchhoff’s law 基尔霍夫定律Kirchhoff’s voltage law(KVL)基尔霍夫电压定律Kirchhoff’s current law(KCL)基尔霍夫电流定律Thevenin’s theorem 戴维宁定理Norton’s theorem 诺顿定理 branch 支路 node 结点 loop 回路 mesh 网孔 open circuit 开路(断路) short circuit 短路 branch current analysis 支路电流法mesh current analysis 网孔电流法 ode voltage analysis 结点电位法n superposition theorem 叠加原理passive(active) two-terminal network 无(有)源二端网络root mean square (RMS) 均方根值 effective value 有效值instantaneous value 瞬时值 ampere 安培 volt 伏特 Hertz 赫兹 reactive power` 无功功率 active power 有功功率 transfer function 传递函数 apparent power 视在功率 power-factor compensation 功率因数补偿series (parallel) resonance 串(并)联谐振 amplitude(phase)-frequency response characteristic 幅(相)频特性 figure of merit 品质因素 pass-band 通频带bandwidth (BW) 带宽 first(second)-order filter 一(二)阶滤波器low(high)-pass filter 低(高)通滤波器band-pass(stop) filter 带通(阻)滤波器transfer function 转移函数 Bode diagram 波特图 Fourier series 傅立叶级数 three-phase circuit 三相电路 cutoff frequency 截止频率 FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) 快速傅立叶变换 state variable 状态变量 电机 generation 发电 transmission 输电 distribution 配电 coil 线圈 core 铁心 winding 绕组 electrical machine 电机 generator 发电机 motor 电动机 stator (rotor) 定子(转子) armature 电枢 brush 电刷 commutator 换向器 salient-pole 凸极 slip ring 滑环 induction motor 感应电动机 magnetic flux 磁通 asynchronous machine 异步电机 synchronous generator 同步发电机 eddy current 涡流 EMF(electromotive force)电动势 counter EMF 反电势 torque 转矩 excitation 励磁 prime mover 原动机 rectifier 整流器 leakage flux 漏磁通 demagnetization 退磁,去磁 short-circuit ratio 短路比 converter (inverter) 换流器(逆变器) synchronous condenser 同步调相机 magnetization curve 磁化曲线 separately exciting 他励 compounded excited 复励 self-exciting 自励 series(shunt)-wound 串(并)励
IT 行业常用网络英语词汇 导语:网络是人类发展史来最重要的发明,提高了科技和人类社会 的发展。下面是YJBYS 小编收集整理的IT 行业常用网络英语词汇,欢 迎参考! Internet: 为International Net 的简写,因特网,又称国际互联网。它最早产生于美国国防部的高级研究规划署,那是1969 年的事 了,最初的目的也只是远程计算机的数据共享,后来发展成将世界各地 的计算机及计算机网络相互连接起来,形成了一个无边无际的超级大 网。 Internet 的主要服务项目有:电子邮件(E-mail),远程登录(Telnet),查询服务(Finger),文件传输(FTP),文档服务器(Archive),新 闻论坛(Usenet),电子公告牌(BBS),新闻群组(News Group),全球网(World Wide Web,缩写为WWW,又称万维网)等。 BBS:Bulletin Board System,公告牌系统或电子公告板,又称Public Access Message System,公共访问信息系统。它是普通公告的电子版本,用户可以通过公告牌发布消息,任何用户都可以读取公告牌上的 消息,也可以给某一特定的人或一组用户发送信息。公告牌系统被广泛 地用于传播信息,咨询一个电子公告牌往往比使用交互信箱或公共邮政 系统发送公告更加快捷、有效。 E-mail: 电子邮件,这是一种利用Internet 网交换文字信息的交互 式服务,全世界Internet 用户可以互相发送和接收电子邮件。 WWW: World Wide Web 的缩写,全球网,又称万维网。它是一 个基于超文本方式的信息检索工具,提供一种友好的信息查询接口,是 目前最受欢迎同时也是最先进的Internet 检索工具之一。 Remote Login: 远程登录(注册),它是在网络环境下实现资源共
The Earth From classical times it has been known that the earth is roughly spherical in shape. Actually the planet is shaped more like a slightly flattened ball whose polar radius is about 21km shorter than its equatorial radius. The average radius is 6371km. The earth’s specific gravity is 5.5. It is 5.5 times as heavy as an equal volume of water. The specific gravity is greater than that of any other planet in the solar system, but not appreciably different from that of Mercury, Venus and Mars. Because the average specific gravity of surface rocks is only about 2.7, the material existing deep within the earth must have a specific gravity well in excess of the 5.5 average. Very likely, the material at the earth’s center has a specific gravity as high as about 15. The splendid photographs of the earth taken from space by Apollo astronauts remind us that our planet is more than a rocky globe orbiting the sun. The patterns of white clouds above the azure blue color tell us of the presence of an atmosphere and hydrosphere. Here and there one can even discern patches of tan that indicates the existence of continents. Greenish hues provide evidence of the planet’s most remarkable feature: there is life on earth. THE A TMOSPHERE We live beneath a thin but vital envelope of gases called atmosphere. We refer to these gases as air. “Pure air”is composed mainly of nitrogen (78.03%) and oxygen 920.99%). The remaining 0.98% of air is made of argon, carbon dioxide and minute quantities of other gases. One of these “other”components found mostly in the upper atmosphere is a form of oxygen called ozone. Ozone absorbs much of the sun’s lethal ultraviolet radiation, and is thus of critical importance organisms on the surface of the earth. Air also contains from 0.1 percent to 5.0 percent of water vapor. However, because this moisture content is so variable, it is not usually included in lists of atmospheric components. Every day, the atmosphere receives radiation from the sun. This solar radiation provides the energy that heats the atmosphere and drives the winds. Distribution of solar radiation is one of the most important factors in determining the various kinds of climate we experience on the earth. THE HYDROSPHERE(水圈) The discontinuous envelope of water that covers 71 percent of earth’s surface is called hydrosphere. It includes the ocean as well as water vapor. The water contained in streams and lakes, water frozen in glaciers, and water that occurs underground in the pores and cavities of rocks. If surface irregularities such as continents and deep oceanic basins and trenches were smoothed out, water would completely cover the earth to a depth of more than two kilometers. Water is an exceedingly important geologic agent. Glacier composed of water in its solid form alter the shape of the land by scouring, transporting and depositing rock debris. Because water has the property of dissolving many natural compounds, it contributes significantly to the decomposition of rocks and, therefore, to the development of soils on which we depend for food. Water moving relentlessly down hill as sheetwash, in rills, and in streams loosens and carries away the particles of rock to lower elevations where they are deposited as layers of sediment. Clearly, the process of sculpturing our landscapes is primarily dependent upon water. By far the greatest part of the hydrosphere is contained within the ocean basins. These basins are of enormous interest to geologists who have discovered that they are not permanent and immobile as once believed, but rather are dynamic and ever changing. There is ample evidence
主题词表 English Chinese 01. 大气 atmospheric science 大气科学 meteorology 气象学 atmosphere 大气 atmospheric impurity 大气杂质 atmospheric suspended matter 大气悬浮物 atmospheric composition 大气成分 atmospheric mass 大气质量 atmospheric density 大气密度 atmospheric subdivision 大气分层 homosphere 均质层 heterosphere 非均质层 standard [pressure] level 标准层 isothermal layer 等温层 lower atmosphere 低层大气 middle atmosphere 中层大气 upper atmosphere 高层大气 troposphere 对流层 tropopause 对流层顶 stratosphere 平流层 stratopause 平流层顶 mesosphere 中间层 mesopause 中间层顶 thermosphere 热层 exosphere 外[逸]层 ionosphere 电离层 magnetosphere 磁层 ozonosphere 臭氧层 free atmosphere 自由大气 planetary atmosphere 行星大气 standard atmosphere(reference atmosphere) 标准大气(参考大气) homogeneous atmosphere 均质大气 isothermal atmosphere 等温大气 polytropic atmosphere 多元大气 scale height 大气标高 meteorological element 气象要素 air temperature 气温 wet-bulb temperature 湿球温度 dry-bulb temperature 干球温度 atmospheric pressure 气压 standard atmosphere pressure 标准大气压 station pressure 本站气压 sea-level pressure 海平面气压 pressure gradient 气压梯度 barometric height formula 压高公式pressure gradient force 气压梯度力Coriolis force 科里奥利力 water vapor 水[蒸]汽 water vapor pressure 水汽压 humidity 湿度 relative humidity 相对湿度 absolute humidity 绝对湿度 specific humidity 比湿 mixing ratio 混合比 dew point [temperature] 露点(温度) depression of the dew point (温度)露点差super-saturated air 过饱和空气 saturation specific humidity 饱和比湿saturation vapor pressure 饱和水汽压saturation deficit 饱和差 cloud 云 low cloud 低云 middle cloud 中云 high cloud 高云 cloud amount 云量 cloud height 云高 cloud genera 云属 cloud etage 云族 cloud species 云种 cloud variety 云类 cloud form 云状 cirrus, Ci 卷云 cirrostratus, Cs 卷层云 cirrocumulus, Cc 卷积云 altocumulus, Ac 高积云 altostratus, As 高层云 cumulus, Cu 积云 cumulus humilis, Cu hum 淡积云 cumulus congestus, Cu con 浓积云cumulonimbus, Cb 积雨云 cumulus fractus, Cu fra 碎积云stratocumulus, Sc 层积云 stratus, St 层云 nimbostratus, Ns 雨层云 stratiform cloud 层状云 cumuliform cloud 积状云 cold cloud 冷云 warm cloud 暖云 ice cloud 冰云 wind 风 wind direction 风向 wind speed, wind velocity 风速 maximum wind speed 最大风速
(DEC)CSMA/CD 载波监听多路访问/冲突检测(IBM)DNA 数字网络体系构 access 访问 access control 访问控制 access matrix 访问矩阵 account 帐号 ACL(access control list) 访问列表 acquisition confirm 获取确认 acquisition request 获取请求 across certificate 交叉证书 active 激活 address size 地址 ADSL 对称数字用户服务线 ADSL(asymmetric digital subscriber line) 不对称数字用户 AFS(andrew file system) 分布式文件系统 agent 代理 AH(authentication header 鉴别报头 ANSI 美国国家标准协会 ASK(amplitude shift keying) 幅移键控法 assume 担任 asymmetric key cryptography 不对称加密 ATM( Asynchronous Transfer Mode) 异步传输模式 attempt limit 最大重传次数 AUI 连接单元接口authenticated 已认证 authentication 鉴别 authentication mechanisms 路由控制机制authenticatior 身份认证 awareness 互相感知 back 前一步 back off limit 避免算法参数 BIOS(Basic-input-Output System) 基本输入输出系统 bridge 网桥 broadcast storm 广播风暴 BtoC(B2C)business to consumer 企业对消费者 BtoG(business to government 企业对政府 CA(certificate authority) 证书权威机构 Cable-modem 机顶盒 catalog 目录手册 CBX(computerized branch exchange) 程控交换 CCITT 国际电报电话咨询委员会CDE(common desktop environment) 通用桌面环境 CD-R 光盘刻录机 CD-ROM 光盘驱动器(光驱) cease 中止 cell rate decoupling 信元率去耦 certificate 证书 certificate hierarchy 证书层次结构 certificate verify 证书检验报文 CGI(common gateway interface) 公用网关接口 CHAP(challenge handshake authentication protocol) 请求握手验证协议 chat 闲谈 chip 芯片 ciphertext 脱密 click 点击 Client/Server 客户机/服务器 cluster 群集地址 CMIS/CMIP 公共管理信息服务/协议CMISE 公共管理信息服务