一、高中英语阅读理解
1．阅读理解
City trees grow faster and die younger than trees in rural forestry, a new study finds. Over their lifetimes, then, urban trees will likely absorb less CO2 from the air thah forest trees.
As we all know, the earth would be freezing or burning hot without CO2. However, CO2is a greenhouse gas, meaning it traps energy from the sun as/heat. That makes temperatures near the ground rise. Human activities, especially the widespread burning-of fossil(化石)fuels, have been sending extra greenhouse gases into the air. This has led to a rise in average temperatures across the globe.
Studies had shown forests readily absorb CO2, but there hadn't been much data on whether city trees grow, die and absorb CO2at the same rate as forest trees do. So some researchers decided to find out.
To figure out how quickly trees were growing, researchers tracked their diameters (the width of their trunks) between 2005 and 2014. A tree's diameter increases as it grows, just as a person's waist size increases as they gain weight. About half the weight of a tree is carbon, research has shown. Most of the rest is water. Over the nine years' tracking, the researchers found city trees absorbed four times as much carbon from the air as forest trees. However, they were twice as likely to die. So over the lifetime of each type of tree, forest trees actually absorbed more CO2.
City trees grew faster because they had less competition for light from their neighbors. In a forest, trees tend to grow close together, shading their neighbors. Street trees also benefit from higher levels of nitrogen (氮)in rainwater. Nitrogen helps plants grow. Waste gases from gas-burning cars also contain nitrogen, thus enriching city air with nitrogen. Later, rainwater may wash much of it to the ground. Some street trees may also have better access to water than trees in the country because the underground water pipes can leak.
（1）What can he known about CO2 from paragraph 2?
A. It is one of the side effects of greenhouses.
B. It greatly accelerates the process of global warming.
C. It results from the widespread burning of fossil fuels.
D. It prevents the earth from becoming unsuitable to live on.
（2）Why did researchers track the diameters of trees?
A. To know about their growth rates.
B. To find out how much they weigh.
C. To check whether they were healthy.
D. To assess the carbon amounts in them.
（3）What advantage do city trees have over forest trees?
A. They are more likely to access growth promoters.
B. They can enjoy more water coming from the air.
C. They can enjoy more shade from neighbors.
D. They are better at competing for light.
（4）What will probably be talked about if the passage is continued?
A. How urban trees can live longer.
B. Why city living makes trees die young.
C. How trees respond to dry soil conditions.
D. Why faster-growing trees absorb more CO2.
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一项新的研究发现：与长在森林中的树木相比，城市里的树木长得更快，但死得更早。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“the earth would be freezing or burning hot without CO2.”可知，如果没有二氧化碳，地球将会极冷或极热。可以推断，二氧化碳可以防止地球变得不适合居住。故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“To figure on how quickly trees were growing, researchers tracked their diameters.”可知，研究人员监测树木的直径是为了了解树木的生长速度。故选A。
（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Street trees also benefit from higher levels of nitrogen (氮）in rainwater. Nitrogen helps plants grow. Waste gases from gas-burning cars also contain nitrogen, thus enriching city air with nitrogen. Later, rainwater may wash much of it to the ground.”可知，与生长在森林中的树木相比，城市里的树木长得更快是因为它们无需与邻近的树木争夺光照，也能得到更多的氮量，还更容易得到水。光、氮和水都可以促进树木的生长。由此可以推断，城市里的树木比森林中的树木更可能获得生长促进剂。故选A。
（4）考查推理判断。文章首句就提到了一项新的研究结果：城市里的树木比森林中的树木长得更快，但死得更早；文章第三段说到“以前有研究表明森林会吸收二氧化碳，但是城市里的树木的生长、死亡和吸收二氧化碳的速度是否跟森林中的树木一样，这方面的数据不多。因此一些研究人员决定弄清楚”；文章第四段再次介绍了他们的研究发现：城市里的树木比森林中的树木长得更快，但死得更早；文章最后一段介绍了城市里的树木比森林中的树木生长得更快的几个原因。由此可以推断，文章接下来很可能就要介绍城市里的树木死得更早的原因。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
2．阅读理解
A science teacher from rural Kenya who gives away most of his salary to help poorer students has been awarded the world's best teacher and $ 1 million, beating 10,000 nominations from 179 countries. Peter Tabichi, 36, a maths and physics teacher at Keriko secondary school in Pwani Village, has won the Varkey Foundation Global Teacher Prize 2019.
Tabichi gives away 80% of his income to help the poorest students at the poorly-equipped and overcrowded school who could not otherwise afford uniforms and books. More than 90% of his students are from poor families and almost a third are orphans or have only one parent. Drug abuse, teenage pregnancies, leaving off their studies, young marriages and suicide are common. Students have to walk 7 km along roads that can become impassable in the rainy season to reach the school and the area can be affected by drought and starvation.
Despite only having one computer, a poor Internet connection and a student-teacher ratio of 58:1, Tabichi started a "talent nurturing club" and expanded the school's science club, helping students design research projects of such quality that many now qualify for national competitions. His students have taken part in international science competitions and won an award from the Royal Society of Chemistry after using local plant life to generate electricity. Tabichi and four colleagues also give struggling students one-to-one tuition in maths and science, visiting students' homes and meeting their families to identify the challenges they face.
Accepting the prize, Tabichi said Africa's young people would no longer be held back by low expectations." Africa will produce scientists, engineers and entrepreneurs whose names will be one day famous in every corner of the world." he said.
（1）What made Peter Tabichi win the prize in 2019?
A. Giving away $ 1 million to education.
B. Teaching in secondary schools for 36 years.
C. Fighting drought and starvation in Africa.
D. Helping the poorer students in rural Kenya.（2）Why did Tabichi start the "talent nurturing club"?
A. To contribute most of his income.
B. To expand national competitions.
C. To guide students to design research projects.
D. To encourage students to grasp opportunities.
（3）Which of the following best describes Peter Tabichi as a teacher?
A. Independent.
B. Caring.
C. Humorous.
D. Interesting.
（4）What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. African education cost is expected to get lower.
B. Africa is in desperate need of young scientists.
C. Tabichi is not pleased until he is known worldwide.
D. Tabichi has high expectations for young Africans.
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）B
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，肯尼亚农村教师彼得·塔比奇由于资助贫困学生获得了世界最佳教师奖。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“A science teacher from rural Kenya who gives away most of his salary to help poorer students has been awarded the world's best teacher and $ 1 million, beating 10,000 nominations from 179 countries.”一名来自肯尼亚农村的科学教师获得了世界最佳教师奖，并获得了100万美元的奖金，他将自己的大部分工资捐给了贫困学生。可推知，助肯尼亚农村贫困学生让彼得·塔比奇赢得了2019年世界最佳教师奖。故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Despite only having one computer, a poor Internet connection and a student-teacher ratio of 58:1, Tabichi started a ‘talent nurturing club’ and expanded the school's science club, helping students design research projects of such quality that many now qualify for national competitions.”尽管只有一台电脑，网络连接不畅，师生比例为
58:1，但他还是创办了一个“人才培养俱乐部”，并扩大了学校的科学俱乐部，帮助学生设计出质量如此之高的研究项目，现在许多学生都有资格参加全国性的竞赛）可知，他创办“人才培养俱乐部”，是为了帮助学生设计一些研究项目。故选C。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“A science teacher from rural Kenya who gives away most of his salary to help poorer students has been awarded the world's best teacher and $ 1 million, beating 10,000 nominations from 179 countries.”一名来自肯尼亚农村的科学教师获得了世界最佳教师奖，并获得了100万美元的奖金，他将自己的大部分工资捐给了贫困学生；及第二段中的“Tabichi gives away 80% of his income to help the poorest students at the poorly-equipped and overcrowded school who could not otherwise afford uniforms and books.”塔比奇把他80%的收入捐给了设备简陋、人满为患的学校，帮助那些买不起校服和书籍的最贫困学生。可知，塔比奇将自己的大部分工资捐给了贫困学校和学生。由此可知，塔比奇是一个非常有爱心的好老师。故选B。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Africa will produce scientists, engineers and entrepreneurs whose names will be one day famous in every corner of the world.” 他说“非洲将培养出科学家、工程师和企业家，他们的名字总有一天会在世界各地家喻户晓。可推知，塔比奇对非洲年轻人充满了很高的期望。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道。考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
3．阅读理解
At one time or another in your life you have probably done origami, even if it was just making a paper airplane or something more complicated like a paper crane. The chances are that as you did it, you reflected on how inventive this traditional art is. Animals, boxes, flowers, boats: it all can be created from a single square or rectangular sheet of paper simply by folding it. No cutting, no pasting.
But did you ever stop to think how the same techniques might be applied to engineering? Equipment that could be of real practical use? Origami meets the demand for things that need to be small when transported and large when they arrive, like the everyday umbrella. In fact, origami-inspired creations have already flown in space; in 1995, Japanese engineers launched a satellite with solar panels that folded like a map.
'It's now mathematically proven that you can pretty much fold anything," says physicist Robert J. Lang, who quit his engineering job eight years ago to fold things full time. Lang, an origami enthusiast since age six, advised a advised well-known ear manufacturer the best way to fold an airbag into a dashboard. He is currently working on a space telescope lens that, if all goes according to plan, should be able to unfold to the size of a football field.
At the other end of the scale, researchers are also working on tiny folding devices that could lead to breakthroughs in medicine and computing. There's no doubt that computers of the future may contain tiny, folded motors or capacitors for faster processing and better memory.
Applications for origami engineering go further than many of us might imagine. "Some day," says MIT's Erik Demaine, "we'll build reconfigurable (可重构的) robots that can fold on their own
from one thing into another, like Transformers. Too much like science fiction to be true? Maybe—though you certainly wouldn't want to bet against it."
（1）What do we know about origami?
A. It consumes lots of time.
B. It involves interesting ideas.
C. It requires complex techniques.
D. It has to do with cutting and pasting.
（2）Which of the following is an application of origami?
A. A space telescope lens can be folded to the size of an umbrella.
B. A satellite is equipped with solar panels and a folded map.
C. An airbag can be better folded into a dashboard of a car.
D. A future computer contains many huge folded motors.
（3）What is Erik Demaine's attitude towards origami engineering?
A. Hopeful
B. Doubtful.
C. Disapproving.
D. Ambiguous.
（4）In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
A. Entertainment.
B. Culture.
C. Education.
D. Pop-science.
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，折纸是一种具有创造性的传统艺术，而现在它已经被应用到技术工程领域，人们利用折纸原理创造出了很多可折叠的装置。折纸工程将在很大程度上影响未来的医药、计算机和机器人行业。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“The cha nces are that as you did it, you reflected on how inventive this traditional art is. Animals, boxes, flowers, boats: it all can be created from a single square or rectangular sheet of paper simply by folding it. No cutting, no pasting.”可知，折纸是一个具有创造性的传统艺术，我们不用裁剪或拼贴，只通过折叠就可以把一张正方形或者三角形的纸变成动物、纸盒、花、船等东西，由此推测折纸需要有创造性的和有趣的想法。故选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Lang, an origami enthusiast since age six, advised a well-known ear manufacturer the best way to fold an airbag into a dashboard.”可知折纸爱好者Lang向一位制造商建议了把安全气囊折叠到仪表盘中的最佳方式。故选C。
（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Applications for origami engineering go further than many of us might imagine”可知Erik Demaine认为折纸工程的应用远远超出了我们的想象，由此可推测Erik Demaine对折纸工程的未来充满希望。故选A。
（4）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“in 1995, Japanese engineers launched a satellite with solar pane ls that folded like a map.”；第三段中的“Lang, an origami enthusiast since age six, advised a advised well-known ear manufacturer the best way to fold an airbag into a dashboard.”；第四段中的“There's no doubt that computers of the future may contain tiny, folded motor s or capacitors for faster processing and better memory. ”和第五段中的“‘Some day,’ says MIT's Erik Demaine, ‘we'll build reconfigurable (可重构的) robots that can fold on their own from one thing into another, like Transformers.’”可知卫星，安全气囊的折叠，未来电脑的发展
和未来可重构机器人，这些都和科学技术相关，故推测本文很有可能出现在报纸的科学板块。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．阅读理解
The Art Institute of Chicago
Visiting time
The museum is open daily 10:30 am-5:00 pm. The museum and its shops are closed on Thanksgiving Day, Christmas Day, and New Year's Day.
Highlights of the Art Institute
American Art
Discover how artists have expressed the many aspects of the American experience through the rich variety of this collection. This tour might include the works of artists like Paul Revere, Winslow Homer, and Georgia O'Keeffe.
Impressionism: Monet, Degas, Renoir and More
Learn about the color and excitement of late 19th-century life as you view one of the most admired collections of French Impressionism in the world.
Hidden Histories
Hear stories about artists and their artworks that may be overlooked or under-appreciated for one reason or another These could be very small or out-of-the-way works.
For families with children
With free admission for kids under 14 and Chicago teens under 18, the Art Institute is the perfect place for a creative outing with the whole family.
Visit the Family Room in the Ryan Education Center, and introduce your children to the museum's collections with a variety of activities. Assemble (组装)puzzles based on masterpieces in the museum, build architectural wonders with colorful blocks, and learn about art through stories and games. Food is available at an on-site cafe. (Outside food is not allowed to be brought in.)
（1）What can visitors learn from Hidden Histories?
A. The early stories of some famous artists.
B. The artworks of some potential artists.
C. Some stories about less-known artists.
D. Some artworks by famous creators.
（2）What can children do in the Family Room?
A. Practice storytelling skills.
B. Decorate some masterpieces.
C. Enjoy their home-made food.
D. Take part in various activities.
【答案】（1）C
（2）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了芝加哥美术馆的参观时间、美术馆的亮点、隐藏的历史，同时还有针对有孩子的家庭的活动。
（1）考查细节理解。根据Hidden Histories部分中的“Hear stories about artists and their artworks that may be overlooked or under-appreciated for one reason or another.”，参观者可以
了解到一些被忽视的、被低估的鲜为人所知的艺术家的故事和作品。故选C。
（2）考查细节理解。根据 For families with children部分中的”…… introduce your children to the museum's collections with a variety of activities …“可知，在这里孩子们能参加各种各样的活动。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
5．阅读理解
Hipster Greenport: 4 places to eat, shop and visit
Greenport may date back to the 1630s, but it's feeling pretty of-the-moment right now. Here are four places that embody the old-meets-new energy of the village:
Claudio's
If you've been to Greenport, you can't miss Claudio's —it's where generations of Long Islanders have made a tradition of eating, whether inside the main restaurant or at the floating dock-bar. The new owners have added fresh elements: Baccano Pizza by Nino, which offers a variety of slices and pies until as late as 2 a.m. on Fridays and Saturdays — is right by the dock entrance.
Little Creek Oyster Farm & Market
It's little spots like this that tell the current Greenport story. There's no sign or advertising for this tiny house changed from the cabin of an old ship that's practically hidden down Bootlegger's Alley near Mitchell Park. But there they are — streams of people who come to enjoy the fresh oysters while drinking local craft beer, with a waterside view.
The Times Vintage
Nostalgia (怀旧) for bygone times runs high in this 1909 building, which once served as the base for the Suffolk Times newspaper. These days, this well-designed shop sells vinyl records (黑胶唱片) and loads of old-fashioned clothing and home decoration items including mid-century highball sets.
Greenport Fire
Heat comes in many forms and several are sold here — hot sauces, cigars and candles. Consult the chalkboard for the current sauce offerings or browse cigars such as a hand-rolled Honduran Leaf by Oscar or the Gurkha Cellar Reserve made with 18-year-aged tobacco.
（1）What's special about Greenport?
A. It is a place full of energy.
B. It is a famous port in the world.
C. It is a combination of new and old.
D. It is a popular place of interest.
（2）What can you do in The Times Vintage?
A. You can enjoy delicious oysters.
B. You can buy some old things.
C. You can find hand-rolled cigars.
D. You can have Baccano Pizza.
（3）If you are a smoker, you may be interested in _________.
A. Claudio's
B. Little Creek Oyster
C. Greenport Fire
D. The Times Vintage 【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了绿港（Greenport）这个村庄里能体现新旧融合的四个地方。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“…but it's feeling pretty of-the-moment right now. Here are four places that embody the old-meets-new energy of the village…”但现在感觉很时髦。这里有四个地方体现了这个村庄新旧活力的融合。可知，绿港融合了新旧事物。故选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“These days, this well-designed shop sells vinyl records (黑胶唱片) and loads of old-fashioned clothing and home decoration items including mid-century highball sets. ”如今，这家精心设计的商店出售黑胶唱片、大量的老式服装和家居装饰用品，包括20世纪中期的highball电视机。可知，在The Times Vintage能买到一些老式的东西。故选B。
（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中“...and several are sold here —hot sauces, cigars and candles. ”其中有几种在这里出售——辣酱、雪茄和蜡烛。可知，喜欢抽烟的人应该对Greenport Fire感兴趣。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读。考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
6．阅读理解
Researchers in Australia have discovered an effective new method to capture the atmospheric carbon dioxide that is damaging our planet and transform it into something solid, making it much easier to store.
Carbon capture isn't new, but previous methods call for the gas to be compressed into liquid and then injected underground. Widespread usage of that technology has been locked by economic and environmental concerns due to possible leaks. Instead, in a study published in Nature Communications, the group details their sustainable and cost-effective plan for transforming CO2 into coal.
This new process involves a liquid metal catalyst(催化剂)that is efficient in conducting electricity. CO2gas is dissolved in a container with some liquid. Once electricity charge is introduced, the CO2 begins to turn into solid pieces of carbon, which can be collected and stored. What makes this particularly unique is that the entire process can occur at room temperature. Previous experiments have only shown a gas to solid conversion at extremely high temperature, which made it impossible on a large scale. Now, the researchers are hoping that their work will be used to create even further when it comes to carbon storage.
In an interesting side benefit, the solid carbon also works as an electrode(焊条), which opens up a world of possibilities. "A side benefit of the process is that the carbon can hold electrical charge, becoming a super battery, so it could potentially be used as a part in future vehicles," explains Dr. Dorna Estrafilzadeh, a researcher. "The process also produces fuel as a by-product, which could also have industrial applications."
（1）What can we know about the previous carbon capture methods?
A. People have to inject liquid to the gas.
B. The previous methods can be done easily.
C. The previous methods are not very popular.
D. People have widely accepted previous methods.
（2）What is the special part of the new method?
A. It needs electricity to make the process efficient.
B. It can be done in any kind of container.
C. It doesn't need extreme temperature.
D. It can produce much solid carbon.
（3）What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. The method will make fossil oil disappear.
B. The method will influence the future industry.
C. The method will make developed countries more powerful.
D. The method will be used to make new vehicles.
（4）What is the best title for the passage?
A. How to change carbon into CO2.
B. A new carbon capture technology.
C. A new technology to get useful carbon.
D. Australia makes the world cleaner than before.
【答案】（1）C
（2）C
（3）B
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种新的碳捕获技术的原理，优点和对未来工业的影响。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Widespread usage of that technology has been locked by economic and environmental concerns due to possible leaks.”可知之前技术的广泛应用受到了经济和环境方面的限制。故选C。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“What makes this particularly unique is that the entire process can occur at room temperature.”可知新技术独特的地方是整个过程可以在室温条件下进行。故选C。
（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“which opens up a world of possibilities；it could potentially be used as a part in future vehicles和which could also have industrial applications”可知这种技术的产物开辟了很多新的可能，可以被变成超级电池为未来车辆供能，过程中的副产品可以作为燃料应用到工业中，由此推测该技术会对未来的工业产生巨大影响。故选B。
（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Researchers in Australia have discovered an effective new method to capture the atmospheric carbon dioxide ”和下文讲述的内容可知，本文主要介绍了一种新的碳捕获方法的原理和优点及其影响。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推
理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
7．阅读理解
Water is a necessity of life. Rain, especially, helps plants grow and stay green. But too much rain, especially in cities, can lead to flooding. That can cause waste water systems to overflow and send pollutants into rivers and other waterways. To fight the problem, several cities in the United States are starting programs like rooftop gardens.
A team at the University of the District of Columbia in the nation's capital has created a garden on the top of one school building. The garden holds many kinds of plants to help absorb rainwater and grow food at the same time. Architect David Bell has designed five "green roofs" for the university. He says he is excited about the project because "it meant doing something more than just dealing with storm water management. It took advantage of a resource above the city and these flat roofs that aren't doing anything really became something that was about urban agriculture." Rainwater is collected in large containers and sent through a system that waters the rooftop garden. The roof is filled with green life that appeals to insects.
In cities, "you don't have that many spaces to choose from and so rooftops are just (unused) space," says Caitlin Arlotta. She is a student in the school's Urban Agriculture program. The project is part of a research program to see which plants do well on rooftops. The researchers are looking at plants including strawberries, tomatoes and sweet potatoes. The university also has other green spaces. "We also have our own farm experiments," Arlotta said. "Within each of those growing systems, we want to be able to tell people which sorts of these crops grow the best."
Sandy Farber Bandier helps run UDC's Master Gardener program. It seeks to improve cities and make them beautiful by training people to become Master Gardeners. She says she's been surprised by the garden's output. "My biggest surprise was that we produced 4, 250 pounds of produce the first year and was able to spread that to people in need." She also likes being able to show people who live in D. C. and others beyond the nation's capital what and how food can be grown on a rooftop. "This is the future for food. You grow it here, you prepare it in a commercial kitchen, you distribute through farmers markets, food trucks, and then you recycle."
（1）What do we know about the rooftop gardens?
A. Rooftop gardens are very common in average neighborhoods.
B. There are many sorts of plants there which help take in rainwater.
C. They're playing an important role in the city's food supply.
D. Rooftop gardens are no more than containers to collect rainwater.
（2）What can we infer from Paragraph 3?
A. Rooftops can offer enough space to plant crops.
B. Many plants like strawberries can grow well on rooftops.
C. Some university students are participating in the Urban Agriculture program.
D. The plants in rooftop gardens are attractive to many insects.
（3）How does Sandy Farber Bandier feel about the future of rooftop gardens?
A. Confident.
B. Doubtful.
C. Worried.
D. Ambiguous.
（4）What is the best title for the text?
A. Rainwater Necessity for Plant Life
B. Green Roofs-The Future of Urban Agriculture
C. The United States' Agriculture Program
D. Rooftop Gardens-Food Paradise
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了美国的几个城市正在启动屋顶花园等项目。美国由于雨水过多，为了避免浪费，美国的几个城市正在启动屋顶花园等项目。在大学校舍的顶部建造花园，种植多种植物吸收雨水，利用城市上空的一种资源，成为了城市农业的一部分。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"The garden holds many kinds of plants to help absorb rainwater and grow food at the same time."可知，花园里有多种植物，可以帮助吸收雨水，故选B。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“ She is a student in the school's Urban Agriculture program... The researchers are looking at plants including strawberries, tomatoes and sweet potatoes. The university also has other green spaces. ‘We also have our own farm experiments’。”可知，凯特琳·阿洛塔是该校都市农业计划的学生。"研究人员正在研究包括草莓、西红柿和甘薯在内的植物。这所大学还有其他绿地。"，"我们也有自己的农场实验"，由此可推断出有许多大学生正在参与这项城市农业计划。故选C。
（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“She also likes being able to show people who live in D. C. and others beyond the nation's capital what and how food can be grown on a rooftop. ‘This is the future for food. You grow it here, you prepare it in a commercial kitchen, you distribute through farmers markets, food trucks, and then you recycle. ’" Sandy Farber Bandier 喜欢向住在华盛顿特区和首都以外地区的人们展示在屋顶上可以种植什么以及如何种植食物。她认为"这是食品的未来。你在这里种植，在商业厨房里准备，通过农贸市场分发。食品卡车，然后回收利用。" 由此可推断出她对于屋顶花园的未来很自信。故选A。
（4）考查主旨大意。第一段说美国由于雨水过多，为了避免浪费，美国的几个城市正在启动屋顶花园等项目。接着下文进行了详细介绍了在大学校舍的顶部建造花园，种植多种植物吸收雨水，利用城市上空的一种资源，成为了城市农业的一部分，有人认为这是未来的食物。由此可知，本文主要叙述了绿色屋顶城市农业的未来。综观全文可知，文中green roofs（绿色屋顶）贯穿全文，第一段最后一句green roofs（绿色屋顶）是建在城市的农业（Urban Agriculture），故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
8．阅读理解
The mayor of Flint offered Miss Michigan Emily Sioma high praise on Tuesday for speaking out at this weekend's Miss America conference about the city's water crisis.
"I was really excited for her to do that," Mayor Karen Weaver told TMZ. "I think she was very brave because so many times you say who you are and where you're from and just general information. For her to take that opportunity and use her platform and use her voice to speak up about what's going on in Michigan and in Flint, in particular, was just amazing."
Emily Sioma, 24, introduced herself on stage on Sunday by saying, "From the state with 84 percent of the U. S. fresh water but none for its residents to drink. I am Miss Michigan Emily Sioma." The brief 'speech was a reference to Flint, a town with lead-filled drinking water.
Weaver said Sioma's decision to speak about the Flint water crisis demonstrated her impressive character. "I applaud her for being a brave young woman. And it also shows you that she's not a selfish person," Weaver said. "She could have talked only about herself, but she chose to use this opportunity to bring attention to, and keep attention on, what's going on in Flint, what's going on with water quality standards what's going on with this broken infrastructure(基础设施) that we have across the country. "
Ratings showed that 4. 3 million viewers watched the ABC program. Although Miss New York Nia Imani Franklin ultimately won the competition, many Twitter users quickly got behind Sioma, who did not make the final 15, after her introduction.
"Emily Sioma wanted to make an impact," one Twitter user wrote on Sunday. Regardless of whether you agree with what she said or not- she is shining light on a pressing issue that we have in our state and that is still not solved. That is a Miss America."
（1）What does the underlined word "water crisis" refer to in Paragraph 1?
A.Water transportation.
B.Water shortage.
C.Water reservation.
D.Water quality.
（2）How does the mayor find Emily Sioma?
A.Curious and cautious.
B.Brave and unselfish.
C.Proud and admirable.
D.Talkative and outgoing.
（3）What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 5?
A.Summarize the previous paragraphs.
B.Introduce the ABC program.
C.Emphasize Sioma's influence.
D.Add some background information.
（4）Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A.The Mayor of Flint
B.A Twitter Voice
C.The ABC Competition
D.A Miss America
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）C
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，Sioma在一次会议中大胆地提出了美国大城市用水质量存在的问题，Flint市的市长高度赞扬了她并认为她是一个勇敢且大公无私的人，网上的人们也表达了对此事的看法。
（1）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“From the state with 84 percen t of the U. S. fresh water but none for its residents to drink”该州拥有美国84%的淡水，但却没有可供居民饮用的水；和第四段中的“she chose to use this opportunity to bring attention to, and keep attention on, what's going on in Flint, what's going on with water quality standards”她选择利用这个机会来引起人们的注意，并持续关注Flint正在发生的事情，水质标准正在发生的事情，可推知,Sioma在会议中提出了美国城市面临的水质问题,由此可知,此处画线词water crisis应指美国城市的水质问题，与D项意思相近。故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“I applaud her for being a brave young woman. And it also shows you that she's not a selfish person.”我为她的勇敢喝彩。这也表明她不是一个自私的人。可知,市长认为Emily Sioma是一个勇敢时且大公无私的人。故选B。
（3）考查推理判断。通读第五段可知，虽然Sioma没有获得冠军,但是有许多人都支持她。再结合第六段中的“Emily Sioma wanted to make an impact,” Emily Sioma想要制造影响；以及” one Twitter user wrote on Sunday. Regardless of whether you agree with what she said or not she is shining light on a pressing issue"一名Twitter用户周日写道。不管你是否同意她所说的，她正在解决一个紧迫的问题）可推知，作者写第五段主要是为了强调Sioma 的影响力。故选C。
（4）考查主旨大意。通读全文可知,本文介绍了Sioma大胆地提出了美国大城市用水质量存在的问题, Flint市市长高度赞扬了她。再根据最后一段中的“she is shining light on a pressing issue that we have in our state and that i s still not solved. That, is a Miss America.”她在我们州的一个紧迫问题上发出了希望之光，而这个问题仍然没有得到解决。这就是美国小姐。可知，选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
9．阅读理解
If American waterways had ever been voted on the yearbook, the Buffalo River could easily have been named Ugliest. It could be hard to find hope there. It took decades for public perception of the river to shift. But activist citizens, who collaborated with industry, government, and environment groups never gave up on their polluted river—the Buffalo River gradually went from being considered a lost cause to a place worth fighting for. And by now the cleaned—up water is one of Buffalo'S biggest attractions.
By the 1960s, the river was seen as one of the worst sources of pollution pouring into the Great Lakes. The Buffalo River had caught fire many times. The surface had an oily layer, and any fish caught there were not eatable.
The waterway's fate started shifting in the mid-1960s. Stanley Spisiak was a local Polish—American jeweler by day, but by evening he was the kind of guy who'd chase down dumpers(垃圾车)he spotted on the Buffalo River. By 1966 he found himself winning the National Wildlife Federation's "Water Conservationist of the Year" award. And before long he got a nickname:" Mr. Buffalo River. "But there was only so much he could do—the river was still declared biologically dead in 1969.
Jill Spisiak Jedlicka is his great-grandniece. She picks up where he left off by directing the river's protector organization, Buffalo Niagara Waterkeeper. Professor Schneekloth and seven friends founded the organization as an all-volunteer nonprofit in 1989, after organizing the first river cleanup that year. Today the group employs 27 full-time workers and has helped oversee the Buffalo River's $100 million restoration.
So far, the Buffalo River's water quality has restored, but it is still an ongoing issue, as sewage(污水)can overflow into the river after storms. Habitat restoration continues as well; fish and plantings are still being sampled to measure how well it's gone.
（1）What did the Buffalo River use to be?
A. A waterway on the yearbook.
B. A river heavily polluted.
C. A great attraction of Buffalo's.
D. A place worth fighting for.
（2）Why was Mr.Spisiak named "Mr. Buffalo River"?
A. Because his fate shifted in the 1 960s.
B. Because he spotted dumpers on the River.
C. Because he spared no efforts to protect the river.
D. Because the river was declared biologically dead.
（3）How long did it take for the river to restore?
A. More than half a century.
B. Just four decades.
C. About 30 years.
D. Only 27 years.（4）What can be a suitable title for this text?
A. The restoration of the Buffalo River
B. Stanley Spisiak: The "Mr.Buffalo River"
C. The future of the Buffalo River
D. River protection: A long way to go
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了被污染的the Buffalo River的恢复。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的”never gave up on their polluted river—the Buffalo River gradually went from being considered a lost cause to a place worth fighting for.“；第二段中的”By the 1960s，the river was seen as one of the worst sources of pollution pouring into the Great Lakes. The Buffalo River had caught fire many times. The surface had an oily layer，and any fish caught there were not eatable.“可知，the Buffalo River过去是一条被严重污染的河。故选B。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的”Stanley Spisiak was a local Polish—American jeweler by day，but by evening he was the kind of guy who'd chase down dumpers(垃圾车)he spotted on
the Buffalo River. By 1966 he found himself winning the National Wildlife Federation's "Water Conservationist of the Year"award. And before long he go t a nickname: ‘Mr. Buffalo River.’"可知，Mr. Spisiak被称为“Mr.Buffalo River”是因为他不遗余力地保护这条河。故选C。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“It took decades for public perception of the river to shift.”公众对这条河的看法改变花了几十年的时间；第二段中的“By the 1960s，the river was seen as one of the worst sources of pollution pouring into the Great Lakes.”到了20世纪60年代，这条河被认为是五大湖最严重的污染源之一。；以及最后一段中的“So far，the Buffalo River's water quality has restored，”到目前为止，布法罗河的水质已经恢复”可知，这条河花了多半个世纪才恢复。故选A。
（4）考查主旨大意。第一段和第二段说明了the Buffalo River严重受污染的情况，第三、四段介绍了为改变污染状况所做的努力，以及最后一段中的“So far，the Buffalo River's water quality has restored，but it is still an ongoing issue，as sewage(污水)can overflow into the river after storms. Habitat restoration continues as well；fish and plantings are still being sampled to measure how well it's gone.”是其现状。综上可知，本文讲述的是被污染的the Buffalo River的恢复。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。
10．阅读理解
Dreaming of summer picnics filled with family and fun? We've come up with 4 of the top picnic areas across the US.
Cumberland Islands, Georgia
Just a few hours south of Savannah, this national seashore is a wonderful picnic place. It's an unspoiled place in the Deep South with over 50 miles of hiking trails (小径). Covered in Spanish moss, the trails are lined with trees and since it's still a rural area, the stars line up for a grand show at night and create the perfect evening starlit picnic opportunity.
Grant Park, Chicago
If you are looking for delicious food in Chicago, go for a taste of a 20-day, lake-front, foodie festival that happens in October each year. Grab a spot near the fountain to enjoy your picnic, appreciate the city scenery and lake views and relax with family and friends. If you are there on July 4th, be sure to plan the day to include the fireworks display at the Navy Pier.
Cranberry Islands, Maine
Here, you'll enjoy natural picnics with island views. The islands are a delightful group of islands about 20 minutes offshore from Acadia National Park. You can visit the islands by private boat or ferry service. Bring a picnic basket along for the ride as it's a romantic picnic area to take your special someone or go for a family outing to visit the islands.
Big Sur, California
The Point Lobos State Reserve is a small gem. Besides the coastal wildlife there are rare plant communities, and unique geological formations. It's good to have a picnic there. We recommend
bringing a telescope, because much of the wildlife can be seen only at a distance.
（1）Why does the writer advise us to go to Cumberland Islands?
A. Because they are just next to Savannah.
B. Because they have a grand show every night.
C. Because they are almost covered in Spanish moss.
D. Because they keep their original ecology (生态).
（2）Where can you enjoy observing wildlife with a telescope?
A. At the Navy Pier.
B. At the Point Lobos State Reserve.
C. At Acadia National Park.
D. In the Deep South.
（3）Where can we most probably read this passage?
A. In a personal dairy.
B. In a science report.
C. In a geography textbook.
D. In a travel magazine.
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个最佳野餐地点。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Covered in Spanish moss, the trails are lined with trees and since it's still a rural area, the stars line up for a grand show at night and create the perfect evening starlit picnic opportunity.”小路上爬满了西班牙苔藓，两旁种满了树。由于这里仍然是一个乡村地区，所以星星们会在晚上排起队来参加盛大的表演，这是在夜晚星光照耀下野餐的绝佳机会。可知作者建议我们去坎伯兰群岛，因为那里保持着原生态。故选D。（2）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Besides the coastal wildlife there are rare plant communities, and unique geological formations. It's good to have a picnic there. We recommend bringing a tele scope, because much of the wildlife can be seen only at a distance.”除沿海野生动物外，还有珍稀植物群落和独特的地质构造。在那里野餐很好。我们建议带上望远镜，因为很多野生动物只能在远处看到。可知在the Point Lobos国家保护区可以享受用望远镜观察野生动物的乐趣。故选B。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第一段“Dreaming of summer picnics filled with family and fun? We've come up with 4 of the top picnic areas across the US.”梦想着充满家庭和乐趣的夏日野餐?我们列出了全美4个最佳野餐地。以及文章主要介绍了四个最佳野餐地点可知最可能在一本旅游杂志上读到这篇文章。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
11．阅读理解
During this shopping season, salesmen will come up with different strategies to get your business. Many product companies use specific colors to cause positive emotions and compete for a sale. However, sight is not the only sensory (感官的) retail that companies use. Sounds and smells can also influence consumers' purchasing decisions.
Nobel Prize-winning research shows that our sense of smell has great power to cause an
emotional response. A study published earlier this year compared purchasing in a French flower shop when the smell of lavender (薰衣草) was given off and when it wasn't. It found that the smell increased the number of consumers' purchasing items and the amount of their purchases. An earlier study using Nike shoes found that consumers desired the shoes more, and were willing to pay more, when the room had a mixed smell of flowers. Realizing the subconscious impact of smell, many stores apply artificial scents (气味) through their heating and air-conditioning vents (通风口) or place scent machines above their doors. For instance, a coconut scent might make that bikini more appealing as you long for a vacation.
Ever felt frenzied due to a store's fast-paced music? Or calmed by a piece of light music? A retailer's choice of music can have a big impact on consumers' moods. One study found that when subjected to loud music, consumers will spend less time in a store. But interestingly, the researchers did not find a difference in sales or customers' satisfaction. Another interesting finding from a recent study was that customers actually shop longer when exposed to unfamiliar music. Just as department stores use different scents in certain departments, many use different music in some areas to appeal to varying consumers.
Well, you could always leave the store and take a break, but the food court probably isn't your best choices as brands like Cinnabon and Panera Bread also use scents as part of their customers' experience. Online retailers (零售商) use a variety of other strategies to get your business, but you can always neglect those and enjoy the familiar scents of home.
（1）The passage is mainly about ________.
A. consumers' favorite sounds and smells while shopping
B. shopping malls' strategies for satisfying consumers
C. some special services from super shopping malls
D. two factors affecting consumers' shopping decisions
（2）What can be inferred from Paragraph 2?
A. Decorating stores with flowers becomes a fashion.
B. Shops with special smells can attract more consumers.
C. Smells can actually help businessmen gain more profits.
D. The products with a kind of special smell are more popular.
（3）How does music have an effect on consumers?
A. It controls consumers' desire for shopping.
B. It influences how long consumers stay in a shop.
C. It gives consumers the satisfaction of enjoying shopping.
D. Whether consumers are willing to buy things depends on it.
（4）Which of the following can replace the underlined word “frenzied” in Paragraph 3? A. Satisfied. B. Depressed. C. Surprised. D. Excited.
（5）What does the writer try to express in the last paragraph?
A. Online shopping is becoming more and more popular nowadays.
B. People should spend more time at home with family members.
C. People can choose to get rid of salesmen's promotion strategies.
D. Smells and sounds are important for consumers' shopping experience.
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）B
（4）D
（5）C
【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。这篇文章主要介绍了影响消费者购物决定的两个因素。（1）主旨大意题。根据第一段中的Sounds and smells can also influence consumers' purchasing decisions.（声音和气味也会影响消费者的购买决定）及下文对这两个因素的介绍可知，本文主要介绍了影响消费者购物决定的两个因素。故答案选D。
（2）推理判断题。根据第二段中的It found that the smell increased the number of consumers' purchasing items and the amount of their purchases.（研究发现，这种气味增加了消费者购买物品的数量和购买量）可推知，气味实际上可以帮助商人获得更多的利润。故答案选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段中的One study found that when subjected to loud music, consumers will spend less time in a store…Another interesting finding from a recent study was that customers actually shop longer when exposed to unfamiliar music.（研究发现，当音乐音量过大时，消费者在商店里的时间会减少……最近一项研究的另一个有趣发现是，当顾客接触到不熟悉的音乐时，他们的购物时间实际上更长）可知，音乐会影响消费者在商店里停留的时间。故答案选B。
（4）词义猜测题。A. Satisfied满意的；B. Depressed沮丧的；C. Surprised吃惊的；D. Excited兴奋的。根据第三段中的Or calmed by a piece of light music?（还是听着轻音乐平静下来?）可知，划线词所在句意为“有没有因为商店里快节奏的音乐而感到疯狂?”，由此推知，划线词意为“疯狂的”，疯狂是一种兴奋的状态。故答案选D。
（5）推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Online retailers (零售商) use a variety of other strategies to get your business, but you can always neglect those and enjoy the familiar scents of home.（网上零售商使用各种各样的策略来获得你的生意，但你可以忽略这些，享受熟悉的家的味道）可知，作者想要告诉人们，我们可以选择摆脱销售员的促销策略。故答案选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇说明类阅读，要求考生先从问题中抓住关键性词语（题眼），然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的：段落、语句，仔细品味，同时根据上下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
12．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Many people have long dreamed of being able to fly around as simply as riding a bicycle. Yet the safety and strength of a flying bike was always a big problem. Over the past 10 years, developments in technology have moved the dream of personal flying vehicles closer to reality. Now, two groups of inventors say such vehicles may be available soon.
The British company Malloy Aeronautics has developed a prototype (原型) of its flying bicycle. Grant Stapleton, marketing sales director of Malloy Aeronautics, says the Hoverbike is able to get
in and out of small spaces very quickly." It can be moved across continents very quickly because it can be folded and packed," he adds.
Mr. Stapleton says safety was the company's main concern. He says the designers solved the safety issue by using overlapping rotors to power the vehicle.
The company is testing a full-size prototype of the Hoverbike, which will most likely be used first by the police and emergency rescue teams.
In New Zealand, Martin Aircraft Company is also testing a full-size prototype of its personal flying device, called the Jetpack. It can fly for more than 30 minutes, up to 1, 000 meters high and reach a speed of 74 kilometers per hour.
Peter Coker is the CEO of Martin Aircraft Company. He said the Jetpack "is built around safety from the start". In his words, "Reliability is the most important element of it. We have safety built into the actual structure itself, very similar to a Formula One racing car.
The Jetpack uses a gasoline-powered engine that produces two powerful jet streams. Mr. Coker says it also has a parachute that would be used, if there should be an emergency. "It starts to work at very low altitude and actually saves both the aircraft and the pilot," he adds. Mr. Coker says the Jetpack will be ready for sale soon.
（1）We can learn from the passage that the Hoverbike ________.
A. can hardly get in and out of small spaces quickly
B. can fly for over 30 minutes, up to 1, 000 meters high
C. has been used by the police and emergency rescue teams
D. can be transported quickly after being folded and packed
（2）Peter Coker uses the example of Formula One racing car to show that ________.
A. the Jetpack is very safe and reliable
B. the engine of the Jetpack is powerful
C. the actual structure of the Jetpack is unique
D. the Jetpack can reach a great speed and height
（3）The underlined word "It" in the last paragraph refers to ________.
A. the jet stream
B. the engine
C. the Jetpack
D. the parachute （4）What is the author's main purpose of writing the passage?
A. To describe the problems of inventing flying vehicles.
B. To introduce the latest development of flying vehicles.
C. To show the differences between two flying vehicles.
D. To advertise the two personal flying vehicles.
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）D
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述一种个人飞行工具很快就会应用于现实，然而安全性和强度一直是个大问题，文中介绍了两家研发飞行器的公司的最新的产品，新产品把安全放在首位，并对产品进行了改进。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“the Hoverbike is able to get in and o ut of small spaces
very quickly. It can be moved across continents very quickly because it can be folded and packed.” 可知，Hoverbike能够很快地进出小空间。它可快速地在大陆上移动，因为它可以折叠和包装。可知，选D。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第六段Peter Coker说Jetpack从一开始就围绕安全进行的，安全可靠性是最重要的因素。我们在车的现行结构中植入了安全性，非常类似于Formula One 赛车。，故选A。
（3）考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的“Mr. Coker says it also has a parachute (降落伞) that can be used should there be an emergency. "It starts to work at very low altitude …., ”Coker先生说Jetpack上也有降落伞，可以在紧急情况下使用。“在海拔非常低的情况下开始用它…”。可知，Jetpack上的降落伞（它）是在海拔低时才用。由此可知it指的是parachute (降落伞)。故选D。
（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段可知，许多人一直梦想能像骑自行车一样简单的飞来飞去，科技的发展让这个梦想很快实现。然而飞行自行车的安全性和强度一直是个大问题。接着下面叙述了两家研发飞行器的公司的最新的产品，新产品把安全放在首位。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
13．阅读理解
Nhon Ly, a 55-year-old Vietnamese-born professional bodybuilder from California has been awarded the "real-life Master Roshi" for his unbelievable similarity to the popular Dragon Ball Z anime(日本动漫) character.
Ly certainly doesn't look like any other typical 55-year-old man. In fact, he looks a lot better than most guys in their 20s, with his lean(瘦且健康的), strong muscles and youthful attitude. But he's absolutely not the only 50-something man who has the strong muscle in the world. What really sets Nhon Ly apart from all the rest is his unbelievable similarity to Dragon Ball Z character Master Roshi, also known as the Turtle Hermit, in his "final form". And he apparently liked the comparison so much that he even set his Instagram handle as @master_ roshi_ real_ life.
According to Madness Media, Ly immigrated to the United States in 1980, at the age of 16. He got a job as a pedicurist(修脚师) at a nail salon, and worked his way up to salon owner. Although he has achieved so much, bodybuilding has always been his biggest love. He has competed in several professional bodybuilding events, with his most notable results being the 4th place at the 2011 US Championship, the 7th place at the 2012 edition, and the 5th place at the 2015 Nationals.
Even at 55, Nhon Ly continues to train hard in the gym in order to keep his Master Roshi look. He also likes to share photos and videos with his 40,000 fans, many of whom are Dragon Ball Z fans. They routinely post a large quantity of comments, thanking him for training Goku, who is the main character in Dragon Ball media, and asking him to train them in the art of bodybuilding.（1）Why is Nhon Ly called "real-life Master Roshi"?
A. He looks extremely similar to Master Roshi.
阅读理解训练50篇（1） 1 Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it. They warn that anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possibly cancer. Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time. Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Others burst with anger, and scream and yell.But other people keep their anger inside. They can not or will not express it. This is called repressing anger. For years many doctors thought that repressing anger was more dangerous to a person's health than expressing it. They said that when a person is angry, the brain releases the same hor- mones (荷尔蒙).They speed the heart rate, raise blood pressure, or sugar into the blood, etC．In general the person feels excited and ready to act. Some doctors say that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous. They believe that those who express anger violently may be more likely to develop heart disease, and they believe that those who keep their anger inside may face a greater danger of high blood pressure. Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger. They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about. If it is, they say, “Do not express your anger while angry. Wait until your anger has cooled down and you are able to express yourself calmly and reasonably.” Doctors say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry. They said that laughter is much healthier than anger. 1．“Damaging emotion” means t hat _________. A．the emotion is harmless B．the emotion is harmful C．the feeling is very strong D．the feeling is hard 2．What statement is right? A．Were you angry, you would be cancered (得癌症). B．Once you are angry, you must be cancered. C．Angry as you are often, you can't be cancered, D．Anger may cause you a cancer. 3．Expressing anger violently _________ repressing it according to some scientists. A．is just the same as B．is more harmful than C．is no better than D．is much better than 4．According to the author, you'd better _________. A．never be angry B．cool it down before you express it C．laugh and laugh when you get angry D．admit you are wrong when you are angry 二
【英语】高考英语阅读理解练习题及答案 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 There might be as many as 10 million species of complex life on this planet today —— a huge number. But add up all of the complex species that ever lived and some biologists think the grand total would be about five billion. The estimate leads to an astonishing conclusion: a staggering 99% of species are not around any more. They have been driven to extinction. More species are joining the ranks of the extinct every year. Many scientists believe we are living through an episode of remarkably rapid extinction, on a scale that has been seen only five times in the last half a billion years. They call this current episode the sixth mass extinction —— a large, global decline in a wide variety of species over a relatively short period of time. And they tend to agree that humans are the main cause. Over-hunting, overfishing, and human-driven habitat loss are pushing many species to the brink. In fact, we have changed the planet so much that some geologists are now suggesting that we have entered a new phase in Earth's history; an epoch they call the ＂Anthropocene＂. By 2100, it is expected that humans will have caused the extinction of up to half of the world's current species. Because we are living through this extinction, it is relatively easy for us to study the driving forces behind it. But how do we determine what caused other mass die-offs that happened long ago? To do so we have to look at what archaeologists, palaeontologists, geologists and other scientists have concluded from the evidence they have gathered. The trouble is, those scientists do not always agree with one another —— even about the most recent extinction event. As well as the five-or six- mass extinctions, there have also been many smaller extinctions. One of these mini extinction events happened towards the end of the Pleistocene, a few tens of thousands of years ago. It is sometimes called the ＂megafaunal＂ extinction because many of the species it claimed were particularly large animals, weighing more than 97lb (44kg). However, its cause remains a debate amongst scientists. （1）What can we learn about the sixth mass extinction？ A. Humans are the main cause of it. B. It means a global decline over a long time. C. It occurred towards the end of the Pleistocene. D. Scientists still disagree about the cause of it. （2）What can be inferred from the text about species？ A. 99% of species will not be around any more by 2100. B. By the 22nd century, there will probably be about five million on this planet. C. About eight years later we will enter what is called the ＂Anthropocene＂. D. It is not easy for us to figure out causes behind the＂Anthropocene＂. （3）Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the last paragraph ? A. Land animals. B. Marine life. C. Huge animals. D. Flesh-eating creatures.
高考英语阅读理解专项训练100篇 (名师传授解题技巧+实战练习，值得下载) 一、阅读理解解题技巧 阅读理解题是考查学生对活的语言材料的理解能力，即通过阅读材料获得信息的能力。具体说来，阅读理解能力测试的主要要求是：（1）掌握所读材料的主旨大意，以及用以说明主旨大意的事实和细节；（2）既理解具体事实，也理解抽象的概念；（3）既理解字面意思，也理解深层含义，包括作者的态度、意图等；（4）既理解某句、某段的意义，也理解全篇的逻辑关系，并能根据文章进行推理和判断；（5）既能根据材料所提供的信息去理解，也能结合中学生应有的常识去理解。根据这几项能力测试的要求，试题中常采用如下几种题型：事实询问题、推理判断题、数据推算题、识图解意题和主旨大意题。根据这一测试要求和题型设计，答题时可以采取如下解题技巧和对策。 1．首先解题时要充满自信。由于平时有些同学对做阅读理解时存在一种畏惧心理，因此考试做题时心理就难免会产生紧张感，特别是阅读时再遇到几个生词就头脑发胀，从而使自己的思路更加模糊不清。其实这是完全没有必要的，因为阅读中遇到几个生词或几个难以理解的句子是常有的事，也是正常现象。因为按大纲要求，试卷中允许有不超过3%的生词，只要认真分析，仔细阅读，这些生词和句子很可能并不影响你的解题。所以答题之前首先要有必胜的信心。 2．扫读全文，理解全文主旨大意。拿到一篇文章，首先要快速扫读全文，虽为扫读，但不可漫不经心，阅读时也应聚精会神，力求可能多地获取材料信息，只是这次遇到生词和难句先不必去处理，不要因纠缠文中的个别生词和难句而影响了对全文的主旨大意的了解。
3．对症下药，各个击破。了解全文的大概意思之后，再把短文的问题简单看一遍，弄懂题意，然后带着问题再去寻读全文。这次阅读过程中要善于抓文章中的关键词句。寻读也就是迅速的查找需要了解的信息，是为某些特定的问题而阅读，因此阅读时要有较强的针对性，对与问题有关的数据，词句等仔细阅读，认真理解，同时结合不同考查内容的题型，采取如下解题对策： （1）事实询问题：这类试题通常是以疑问词what，who，when，where，why，how 等引起的特殊问句，就文章中某一词语、某一句子、某一段落或某一具体细节和事实进行提问。解答此类试题首先要弄清题目和每一个选项的含义，然后按题目要求寻找与之相关的细节，正确估计答案来源，同时注意题目和文章中的暗示作用。特别注意辨别各种信息，确认各种信息。 （2）推理判断题：此题要求我们通过表面文字信息去推测文章隐含的意思，对文章的发展情节及作者的态度、意图等做出合乎逻辑的的推理判断。这种题要求我们在阅读时要抓住文章的主题和细节、从分析文章的结构入手，根据上下文的内在联系，充分挖掘文章的深层含义。对暗含在文章中事件的因果关系，人物的动机，以及作者未言明的倾向、态度、意图、观点进行合乎逻辑的推理、分析和判断。同时善于抓住文中实质性的东西，不要被带假象的表面信息或似是而非的东西所迷惑。并且注意推断作者态度时要力求从作者的态度、观点去思考，切勿想当然，凭个人的观点习惯看法来回答的问题。 （3）数据推算题：此题要求我们就文章提供的数据，以及数据与文章中其他信息的关系做出计算和推断，然后做出选择。这就要求我们解题时，要在理解好题意的前提下去对与数据有关的信息认真分析，若数据信息较多，还要注意弄清数据之间的关系，同时分清有用与无用信息，最终作出正确判断。 （4）主旨大意题：此题用以考查我们对文章主题或中心思想的领会和理解能力。在解答此类试题时要注意每段的中心句，抓住每一段的主题句。一般主题句都用来表达一段主旨大意，因此，只要找准每段的主题句，文章的中心思想和文章的最佳标题也就不难确定了。
小希老师给同学们总结了2018高考英语真题所有阅读理解的A篇，适合高中各个年级的学生练习及备考使用。 【全国Ⅰ卷】 A Washington, . Bicycle Tours Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, . Duration: 3 hours This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, . Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability – and the cherry blossoms – disappear! Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour Duration: 3 hours (4 miles) Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, . Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, . Duration: 3 hours Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for . newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, . in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route (路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour
高考英语阅读理解专项训练及答案及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is gaining global popularity. According to a government white paper, TCM has been introduced in 183 countries and regions around the world. Westerners' understanding of TCM, however, may be limited to acupuncture, cupping and massage(针灸，拔罐和按摩). For instance, the purple, injury-like marks left on U. S. swimmer Michael Phelps，back from cupping for the purpose of relaxing his muscles and reducing pain became the center of attention during the Rio Olympics in 2016. As a matter of fact, Chinese herbs play a more important role in getting rid of diseases and keeping the body in good condition in the TCM treatment system than physical treatment. It is therefore disheartening to know that while 103 World Health Organization member countries have given approval to the practice of acupuncture, not many recognize Chinese herbal medicine. TCM falls far behind Western medicine owing partly to the slow development of Chinese herbs. Herbs are made into pills, powder and soup, and the kind of herbs used, their quality and quantity, and the processing of the ingredients (原材料) jointly determine the effectiveness of the prescription. Compared with Western medicine, which has standardized drug production processes and treatment methods, TCM lacks standardization, with the chemical composition and functions of its medicines being unclear and their effects being unstable. Fortunately, standardization has improved in recent decades, with an increasing number of factories producing patented TCM drugs. Another factor that has prevented the development of TCM prescription drugs is the lack of creativity. While Western medicine-making companies come up with new products every year, TCM drug producers tend to make medicines according to prescriptions handed down from the past. Chinese chemist Tu Youyou's winning the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her research into malaria (疟疾) treatment may drive creativity to some extent in China's TCM industry. However, the current state of affairs cannot be changed within a short time. （1）Why does the author mention the example of Michael Phelps? A. Because he was injured in his swimming. B. Because cupping is a kind of important TCM treatment. C. Because westerners know a little about TCM. D. Because westerners attach great importance to TCM. （2）Why don't some member countries of WHO recognize Chinese herbal medicine? A. Because Chinese herbs can get rid of diseases. B. Because they only approve the practice of acupuncture. C. Because Western medicine is more effective. D. Because medicine made out of Chinese herbs develops slowly. （3）Compared with Western medicine, what is the weak point of TCM in Paragraph 4? A. The methods of planting herbs. B. The effectiveness of prescription. C. Lacking in standardization. D. Its stable functions.
高考英语阅读理解真题汇编(含答案) 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Mexico sites on an island plateau (高原) surrounded by volcanic peaks, which makes air quality a constant concern for people who live there. In April, the country took a decisive step toward improving air quality by enacting a temporary ban on private and Federal vehicles in the city. The rule forbids people from driving in the city one day each week and one Saturday each month. Electric vehicles, government service vehicles, public transport options and school buses are not included in the ban. Mexico City isn't the first urban center to be involved in car-free living. But the ban is more than an awareness-raiser. It was enacted with the direct aim of solving air pollution. In March, the city sank into a deep brown haze of smog when the pollution levels passed the 200 mark. The city ordered some 1.1m of the area's 4.7m cars off the streets and also offered free bus and subway rides. Mexico City's temporary vehicle ban raises questions about the best ways to improve urban air quality. India, whose citizens breathe some of the world's dirtiest air, has tried a variety of solutions. Earlier this year, the Indian government started a 4% sales tax on new-car purchases. Beijing also has experience with cleaning the air. The city introduced alternate-day rules in advance of the 2008 Olympic Games, which produced good results. And then there is the London congestion (拥挤) charge, introduced in 2003. The charge has had a measurable effect on air quality. For now, Mexico City — named by the United Nations as the most polluted city on the planet in 1992 — can look forward to the start of the region's rainy season, when daily showers will help lo clean the air. （1）How did Mexico ban vehicles in the city? A. By banning private and Federal vehicles one day a week. B. By forbidding private and public vehicles every Saturday. C. By limiting the number of new cars. D. By prohibiting the vehicles except public ones.（2）What did the government of Mexico do when carrying out the ban on vehicles? A. Raised the number of public vehicles. B. Offered free bus and subway rides. C. Introduced more travel options. D. Encouraged citizens to leave the city. （3）What may contribute to improving the air quality in Mexico? A. Alternate-day rules. B. Tax rises. C. Congestion charge. D. The rainy season.（4）What's the best title for the passage? A. Mexico —an Island Plateau B. A Variety of Bans on Vehicles in Mexico C. Should Cities Be Car-free Zones D. How to Improve Air Quality 【答案】（1）A （2）B （3）D （4）C
（英语）高三英语阅读理解专项训练及答案 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 The setting was a packed gymnasium just before the start of a game against another school. There were five girls who were members of the Danville High School basketball team—all of them starters. They were not in uniform to play that night and would not be on the team for the rest of this season. They were there to admit their breaking of team rules. They were there to support their coach's decision to take them off the team. They were there to let the town know there was a problem in their little community that needed to be addressed. And they did it with sincere regret rather than defensiveness. While the school had been out for the New Year's holiday, the five girls had gone to the party with several of their friends. There was alcohol there. And they all drank some. Coach Rainville has a zero tolerance rule on drugs and alcohol for her members though it was a hard decision to make. When classes resumed and accounts of holiday parties were shared, rumors about the five girls began closing in on them. The coach said she couldn't back down on her rules. And the players—two junior students and three senior students—agreed. That night in the gym was part of their public support of the coach's decision. “We hope you will understand that we are not bad kids. What we did was definitely not worth it. We hope this event will make everyone realize that there is a big drug and alcohol problem in our community,” one of the senior students said, “And if you work with us to try to solve this problem, you will help us feel that we have not been thrown off our basketball team for nothing.” The five left the floor to deafening applause. The team may not win another game this year. But they've learnt something about personal responsibility, the effect of one's action on others, and honesty that will serve them well throughout life. （1）It can be inferred from the passage that the five girls who were kicked off the team were ________. A. very good players on the team B. addicted to alcohol and drugs C. three junior students and two senior students D. scolded by their parents for drinking alcohol （2）What did the girls do to support their coach's decision? A. They didn't fight for Danville High School any more. B. They all gave speeches to apologize in the local press. C. They admitted their mistake in public in the gymnasium. D. They would never drink any alcohol throughout their life. （3）Which word best describes the coach Rainville? A. Indifferent. B. Strict. C. Stubborn. D. Cruel. （4）Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Growing up with pain B. A bad mistake C. Team rules are everything D. Basketball girls in high school 【答案】（1）A
高考英语阅读理解真题汇编及答案解析（11） 摘要：阅读理解题的“三步法”：1．略读。目的是了解短文的主旨大意和便于迅速掌握短文的语篇结构。2．查读。同学们要先通读题干，做到胸中有数；再将短文读第一遍，锁定某些特定信息进行快速阅读，迅速选出最佳答案；先易后难，先做细节题，后做推论题。3．重读短文重点。核查。同学们做题的关键是看清题目的要求，读准的关键是分清句子的结构和确认词性词义。 When Andrea Peterson landed her first teaching job,she faced the daunting task of creating a music program with almost no money for equipment or supplies in a climate where standards-based learning was the focus and music just provided a break for students and teachers. For her drive and creativity in overcoming those challenges,she’s been named national teacher of the year. Principal Waynes Kettler said he’s worked with many outstanding teachers in his22years as an educator,but Peterson is“just that one step above anybody I’ve ever worked with before.” Kettler and others at Monte Cristo Elementary School talk about the ways she has introduced the learning from other classrooms into her music program and her creativity in working around things such as the lack of money for new music. When students were reading S.E.Hinton’s novel The Outsiders in their regular classroom, Peterson helped them write a30-minute play with scenes from the book.Then they chose three Broadway tunes that focused no race,equality and social justice,the themes of the book.Peterson composed two other songs herself after classroom discussions about the play and the book. The honor means a lot to residents of Granite Foils.It’s inspiring to know that people from small towns own even win national honors. As national teacher of the year,Peterson will spend the next year outside the classroom, as a national and international spokeswoman for education. Not surprisingly,She is a big believe in the value of arts education.She said it’s essential for schools to offer classes such as art or music and physical education because for some kids one of those subjects is the only thing that motivates them to come back to school day after day. 65.The underlined word“daunting”in Paragraph1most probably means__________. A. discouraging B.interesting C.creative D.unbearable