动词-ing形式做句子的各种成份（一）
一、动词-ing形式做主语
1、现在分词做主语表示事物化、抽象化的概念。强调：现在分词做主语时谓
语一律用单数。
Eg: Talking is an art.
Eg: Tearning English well is not easy.
2、it做形式主语的情况
It’s no good/use doing sth.做``````是没有用的
It’s useful/useless doing 做``````是有/没有用的
There is no `````````doing sth.
Eg: It is no use crying after knowing the result.
Eg: It is no good playing games.
二、动词-ing形式做表语
动词-ing形式做表语，一般表示比较抽象的习惯性动作。
1、句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词/抽象的习惯性动作。（主语和表
语的位置可以互换）
Eg: My hobby is playing games is my hobby.
Eg: One of his bad habits is speaking loudly. -----------Speaking loudly is one of his bad habits.
Eg: Your task is studying hard is your task.
与现在进行时的区别：
He is flying.(现在进行时，就不能转换成----------Flying is he)
2、表示主语的某种性质或状态，描述主语的特征，相当于形容词，故不能与
主语互换。
系动词：be动词、感官动词、get/become等。
Eg: This film is interesting.
Eg: Today’s weather is nice.
Eg: The song sounds good.
(主语一般为物：moving\ surprising\promising有希望的)
三、动词-ing形式做宾语
1、作动词的宾语
某些动词后只能用动词-ing形式作宾语，不能用不定式。
allow \ cannot help\ consider\ risk\ suggest\ forbid\ protect```(from)阻止\ admit\ advise\ allow\ avoid\ delay推迟\ enjoy\ escape逃脱\ finish\ give up\ imagine\ mind\ practise\
Eg: I tried to avoid making mistakes.
Eg: I suggest having a rest.
2、作介词的宾语
是一些固定的短语搭配：be/ get/ become used to习惯于, look
forward to, insist on, be succed in, be fond of, be interested in, be worth, devote```to, stick to, lead to and so on.
Eg: The book is worth reading.
Eg: I am used to getting up early.
四、作宾语补足语
1、动词-ing形式可以在感官和心理状态的动词后面作宾语补足语，和宾语一起构成复合宾语。（表示动作的正在进行，状态正在持续）
Eg: I watched a student picking peaches when I crossed the school. Eg: When I came into classroom, I heard someone singing.
3、动词-ing形式也可以用在使役动词have\ get\ leave\ keep\set\ send
等动词后作宾语补足语。
（宾语与作宾补的现在分词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即宾语是现在分词动作的发出者。）
Eg: Don’t have your students doing homework all the time.
五、动词-ing形式做定语
1、表示被修饰词的某种用途,一般放在所修饰词的前面。
阅览室reading room 吸烟室smoking room
洗衣机washing machine 写字台writing desk
3、起形容词作用的动词-ing作定语时，含有主动和进行的意思。
(1)单个的分词放在所修饰名词的前面
Eg: I walked quietly in order not to wake the sleeping bird.
(2)短语放在所修饰的名词后面
Eg: I know the bird sleeping in the know the bird which is
sleeping in the tree.
Eg: It lived in a tree facing my lived in a tree which faced my house.
动词的ing形式作表语,定语,宾补与状语 一、动词-ing形式作表语 1、表示主语的内容,可以转换到句首作主语 Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible、(= keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job) 她的工作就是尽量使报告厅保持干净。 2、表示主语具有的特征、性质与状态(动词ing 相当一个形容词) The problem is quite puzzling、 这个问题很令困惑。 3、常用来作表语的现在分词有astonishing, amusing, confusing, disappointing, boring, encouraging, inspiring, moving, tiring, interesting, surprising等。 全析提示:动词-ing形式作表语时,其逻辑主语往往就是句子中的主语,但用作表语的-ing形式也可带有自己的逻辑主语。 What worries me most is her staying too late every night、(staying too late every night的逻辑主语就是her) 二、动词-ing形式作定语 1 单个的动词-ing形式可以作前置定语,一般具有两种含义。 ①说明被修饰名词的用途与性能。 a reading room = a room which is used for reading 阅览室 running shoes =shoes for running 跑鞋 a working method =a method for working 工作方法 ②表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态,在意思上接近一个定语从句,可以表示正在进行的动作,也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。 developing countries = countries that are developing 发展中国家 an ordinary-looking house = a house that looks ordinary 瞧起来很普通的房子 a puzzling problem = a problem that puzzles somebody 困扰人的问题 2 作定语的动词-ing形式如就是一个短语,则应放在被修饰词的后面,做后置定语,相当于一个定语从句。 They lived in a house facing south、(=which is facing south) 她们住在一所朝南的房子里。 Do you know the boy playing basket?(=Who is playing basket) 您认识在打篮球的那个小男孩不？ The man visiting Japan (=the man who is visiting Japan ) is my uncle 正在访问日本的那个男人就是我的叔叔。 三、动词-ing形式作宾补 1、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后 面,表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作,强调一个过程或一种状态。 When we returned, we found a stranger standing in front of the house、 2、当主句转换为被动结构时, 原来作宾语补足语 的动词-ing形式便转换为主语补足语。 They found the film very exciting、
动词ing形式的用法 一)Ving形式作定语 分词短语作定语时，放在被修饰的名词之后；单个分词作定语时，放在被修饰的名词之前。例如： The man standing by the window is our teacher. Many frightened people rushed out of the burning building. Ving作定语主要表示动作和用途。 1. 表示动作（主动的、进行的动作）。 a waiting car = the car that is waiting a sleeping child 熟睡的孩子 The girl standing there is my sister. 站在那儿的女孩是我的姐妹。 [注意]现在分词作定语时，它表示的动作是正在进行或与谓语动词所表示的动作几乎同时发生，如果两个动作有先有后，一般不能用现在分词作定语，而要用定语从句。例如： The teacher criticized the student who had broken the window. 老师批评了打破窗户的学生。 2. 表示用途： the waiting room = the room for waiting 候车室 a working method 工作方法 He has a reading room. 他有一个书房。 【比较】 过去分词作定语： 及物动词的过去分词表示被动，不及物动词的过去分词表示动作完成。例如： That is the book written by Lu Xun. 那是鲁迅写的书。 He is a returned student. 他是一个归国的留学生。 不定式作定语： 用不定式作定语，其经常所修饰的名词、代词有：
l g e m 动词-ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语的练习 一、用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. We heaard them (quarrel) about money after the concert. They looked very angry. 2. The villagers saw the fire (burn) brightly in the distance. When they hurried there, they found some houses (burn) to the ground already. 3. I didn’t see anyone (take) away your paper. It might have been blown by the wind. 4. During the days (come) we’ll make good preparations for the sports meeting. 5. The woman (look) at her map is a relative of my mother. 6. Einstein was one of the greatest scientists (repect) by people. 7. Doing nothing is (do) ill. 8. To do that would be (cut) the foot to fit the shoe. 9. We were all very (surprise) at the news. I found it very (surprise). 10. He gave us an (inspire) speech. We were all (inspire). 二、在空白处填入适当的单词,完成下列句型转换(每空一词)。 1. Your task is cleaning the house carefully.______ ______ _______ _______ is your task. 2. His speech inspired us. We _________ _________ by his speech. 3. The boy who was missing was last seen playing near the lake. The ______ boy was last seen playing
动词-ing形式作表语定语，宾补及状语的用法 一、动词-ing形式作表语 1.表示主语的内容,可以转换到句首作主语 Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible. (= keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job) 她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。 2.表示主语具有的特征、性质和状态(动词ing相当一个形容词） The problem is quite puzzling. 这个问题很令困惑。 3.常用来作表语的现在分词有astonishing, amusing, confusing, disappointing, boring, encouraging, inspiring, moving, tiring, interesting, surprising等。 全析提示：动词-ing形式作表语时，其逻辑主语往往是句子中的主语，但用作表语的-ing形式也可带有自己的逻辑主语。 What worries me most is her staying too late every night. (staying too late every night的逻辑主语是her) 二、动词-ing形式作定语 1单个的动词-ing形式可以作前置定语，一般具有两种含义。 ①说明被修饰名词的用途和性能。 a reading room = a room which is used for reading 阅览室 running shoes =shoes for running 跑鞋 a working method =a method for working 工作方法 ②表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。 developing countries = countries that are developing 发展中国家 an ordinary-looking house = a house that looks ordinary 看起来很普通的房子 a puzzling problem = a problem that puzzles somebody 困扰人的问题 2作定语的动词-ing形式如是一个短语，则应放在被修饰词的后面,做后置定语，相当于一个定语从句。 They lived in a house facing south.(=which is facing south) 他们住在一所朝南的房子里。 Do you know the boy playing basket?（=Who is playing basket) 你认识在打篮球的那个小男孩吗？ The man visiting Japan (=the man who is visiting Japan ) is my uncle 正在访问日本的那个男人是我的叔叔。 三、动词-ing形式作宾补 1、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后 面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。 When we returned, we found a stranger standing in front of the house. 2、当主句转换为被动结构时,原来作宾语补足语 的动词-ing形式便转换为主语补足语。
概念引入 The music they are playing sounds so exciting . We watched three boys sharing their food with each Our job is playing all kinds of music . The girl singing now is a classmate of mine 用法讲解 非谓语动词中的ing形式包括两种： 一种是动名词，另外一种是现在分词。 ?基本形式： 1、-ing形式作表语 1) -ing形式作表语时放在系动词之后,用来泛指某种动作或行为,以说明主语的具体内容(身份、性质或情况)。 如： Her hobby is painting. 她的业余爱好是画画。 My job is looking after the children. 我的工作就是照顾这些孩子。 2) –ing用来表示主语所具有的特征， 如： His concern for his mother is most touching. 他对母亲的关爱很感人。 His words are encouraging. 他的话很鼓舞人。 2、-ing形式作定语 1). 说明被修饰名词的作用和用途， 如： building materials = materials for building 建筑材料
drinking water = water for drinking 饮用水 a reading room = a room for reading 阅览室 2). 说明被修饰名词的性质和程度， 如： tiring music = music that is tiring 烦人的音乐 a surprising result = a result that is surprising 一个惊人的结果 3). 表示被修饰名词正在进行的动作， 如： 正在做实验的那个学生是我们的班长。 The student making the experiment is our monitor. 我们能看到冉冉升起的太阳。 We can see the rising sun. Attention 1) 单个-ing形式作定语时, 放在所修饰的名词之前, -ing形式短语作定语时, 放在所修饰的名词之后, 并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。 如： They lived in a room facing the street. = They lived in a room that faces the street. 他们住在一间面朝街的房子。 The man standing there is Peter’s father. = The man who is standing there is Peter’s father. 站在那儿的那个人是彼得的父亲。 2) V-ing, 过去分词，不定式做定语时的区别： The student making the experiment is our monitor. They lived in a room facing the street. 正在举行的会议非常重要。 The meeting being held now is very important. 昨天举行的会议非常重要。 The meeting held yesterday is very important. 明天要举行的会议非常重要。 The meeting to be held tomorrow is very important. 3)-ing形式短语也可以用作非限制定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，这时，它与句子其他部分用逗号分开
Unit 4动词的ing形式作表语，定语，宾补和状语 一、动词-ing形式作表语 1. 表示主语的内容,可以转换到句首作主语 Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible. = keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job His hobby is painting. = Painting is his job. 2. 表示主语具有的特征、性质和状态(动词ing 相当一个形容词），作表语用的现在分词，许多是由能够表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的。常见的有：astonishing, amusing, confusing, disappointing, boring, encouraging, inspiring, moving, tiring, interesting, surprising, puzzling, exciting等（这类分词表示“令人….的”含义）。如：The problem is quite puzzling. The news sounds encouraging. 二、动词-ing形式作定语 1.单个的动词-ing形式可以作前置定语，一般具有两种含义。 ①说明被修饰名词的用途和性能。 a reading room = a room which is used for reading running shoes =shoes for running 跑鞋 a working method =a method for working 工作方法 reading material 阅读材料 No one is allowed to speak loud in the reading room. There is a swimming pool in our school. ②表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。（注意动名词作定语说明被修饰词作用意义；现在分词做定语说明被修饰词正在做什么）developing countries = countries that are developing发展中国家 an ordinary-looking house = a house that looks ordinary看起来很普通的房子 a puzzling problem = a problem that puzzles somebody困扰人的问题 sleeping child 熟睡的孩子walking stick 手杖living room 起居室running water 自来水 2.作定语的动词-ing形式如是一个短语，则应放在被修饰词的后面,做后置定语，相当于一个定语从句。 They lived in a house facing south.(=which is facing south) 他们住在一所朝南的房子里。 Do you know the boy playing basket?（=Who is playing basket) 你认识在打篮球的那个小男孩吗？ The man visiting Japan (=the man who is visiting Japan ) is my uncle 正在访问日本的那个男人是我的叔叔。 In the following years he worked even hard. 在接下来的几年中，他工作更努力了。 The man talking to(=the man who is talking to) the teacher is our monitor’s father. 正在与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。 三、动词-ing形式作宾补 1、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。When we returned, we found a stranger standing in front of the house. 2、当主句转换为被动结构时, 原来作宾语补足语的动词-ing形式便转换为主语补足语。 They found the film very exciting. = The film is found very exciting.
动词的-ing形式作状语 【观察】观察下列句子中动词的-ing形式作状语的用法，然后加以总结。 1. Arriving at the classroom, the children began to do cleaning. 2. She doesn’t feel like eating anything, being ill for a few days. 3. Working hard, you will succeed sooner or later. 4. Weighing almost one hundred kilos, the stone was moved by him alone. 5. The song is sung all over the country, making it very popular. 6. Travelling by car, we visited many exciting and beautiful places. 7. While/When reading the book, he nodded from time to time. 8. Make sure to read all choices before deciding on the best answer. 9. After finishing reading the letter, he went on to write a reply. 10. On/Upon hearing their teacher’s voice, the pupils stopped talking at once. 11. The car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay. 12. Though/Although raining heavily, it cleared up very soon. 13. I have accepted this, not wanting to disappoint them. 14. Generally speaking, people like to hear compliments from others. 【总结】 Ⅰ. 动词的-ing形式作状语的用法 动词的-ing形式作状语，通常表示主语正在进行的另一动作，用来对谓语动词表示的动作加以修饰或作为陪衬。它可表示时间、条件、原因、让步、结果、方式或伴随动作，相当于相应的状语从句。 ◆作时间状语，多置于句首，也可置于句末。（如例句1） ◆作原因状语，多置于句首或句末，也可置于句中。（如例句2） ◆作条件状语，多置于句首。（如例句3） ◆作让步状语，多置于句首。（如例句4） ◆作结果状语，多置于句末。（如例句5） ◆作方式或伴随状语，多置于句末，也可置于句首。（如例句6） 【区别】动词的-ing形式和动词不定式作结果状语： 动词的-ing形式表示“正常出现的、自然而然的或意料之中的”结果。通常位于句末，其前有逗号隔开。有时为了强调，可在现在分词前加副词thus, therefore等。 动词不定式表示意料之外的结果。尤其是和only连用。如： She ran to the station, only to find that the train had left.
Ving形式作定语 分词短语作定语时，放在被修饰的名词之后；单个分词作定语时，放在被修饰的名词之前。例如： The man standing by the window is our teacher. Many frightened people rushed out of the burning building. Ving作定语主要表示动作和用途。 1. 表示动作（主动的、进行的动作）。 a waiting car = the car that is waiting a sleeping child 熟睡的孩子 The girl standing there is my sister. 站在那儿的女孩是我的姐妹。 [注意]现在分词作定语时，它表示的动作是正在进行或与谓语动词所表示的动作几乎同时发生，如果两个动作有先有后，一般不能用现在分词作定语，而要用定语从句。例如：The teacher criticized the student who had broken the window. 老师批评了打破窗户的学生。 2. 表示用途： the waiting room = the room for waiting 候车室 a working method 工作方法 He has a reading room. 他有一个书房。 【比较】 过去分词作定语： 及物动词的过去分词表示被动，不及物动词的过去分词表示动作完成。 例如： That is the book written by Lu Xun. 那是鲁迅写的书。 He is a returned student. 他是一个归国的留学生。
Section ⅢGrammar——动词-ing形式作 定语和状语 [语境自主领悟] 一、动词-ing形式(现在分词)由“动词原形＋-ing”构成，在句子中可以作主语、定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语 动词-ing形式的基本形式如下： ) 学生们走在街上，又说又笑。 Having worked for two days，Steve managed to finish his report on schedule. 已经忙活了两天，史蒂夫设法按时完成了他的报告。 Having struggled for many years，he was finally admitted to a key university. 经过多年的努力，他最终被一所重点大学录取。 Having been laughed at for his mistakes，the boy was very upset.那男孩因犯错
而被嘲笑，他非常沮丧。 [名师点津] 动词-ing形式的一般式常表示该动作与句子谓语动作同时发生，而动词-ing 形式的完成式则表示该动作发生在谓语动作之前。 [即时演练1]单句语法填空 ①I like staying up late watching (watch) TV，surfing the Internet or doing something I'm fond of. ②Having lived (live) in Beijing for years，I almost know every place quite well. ③Seeing (see) nobody at home，he decided to leave them a note. 【导学号：21122031】 二、动词-ing形式在句中作定语和状语 1．动词-ing形式作定语。 The firefighters dashed into the burning woods to save people trapped in it.(前置定语) 消防队员冲进了正在燃烧的丛林，去营救被困人员。 The boy standing there is a classmate of mine.(后置定语)站在那儿的那个男孩是我的一个同班同学。 The building being built over there is our library.(后置定语，强调“正在被建”) 那里正在建造的大楼是我们的图书馆。 2．动词-ing形式作状语。 (1)作时间状语。 Hearing the news，he couldn't help laughing. ＝When he heard the news，he couldn't help laughing.一听到那个消息，他禁不住大笑起来。 (2)作原因状语。 Not knowing her address，I had better telephone her to come over. ＝As I don't know her address，I had better telephone her to come over.由于不知道她的地址，我还是打电话让她过来为好。
动词-----ing形式做状语小结,(珍藏版) 基本句型:动词----ing形式(短语),主语+谓语+其他句子成分 1 Not_________(know ) my cellphone number, they couldn't get in touch with me . (由于) 2Not_____ ________ (complete) the programme，they have to stay there for another two weeks . 3_____(hear) the news, they couldn`t help jumping. = On ____the news, they couldn't help jumping . 听到这个消息他们禁不住跳了起来. 4 when _____(leave) the station，he waved again and again to me . 5 After____(turn) off the TV Set, he began to go over the lessons. 关掉电视机以后，他便开始复习功课。 6. He sat in the Chair _____ (read) a newspaper. =He sat in the chair and ____( read) a newspaper. 7. The heavy snow lasted a week, ________(result) in serious traffic confusion in the whole city. (----ing形式做结果状语，放在句末表一种自然的结果) 8．________ (know)all this, they made me pay for the damage. 9.____ (work) hard at your lessons ，you will succeed. 10 If you___ (work) hard at your lessons，you will succeed. 11.___(work) hard and you will succeed. 12. A ______(move)film ，a______( move) girl A______ ( run) machine a _______( steal) car. A______(develop) country a--- (develop) country 13.I don't like__(can) food，I Prefer something fresh . 14._____(hear) he won first place finally ,we all jumped with joy. 15 China belongs to _______ (develop) countries. China has no time to lose to catch up with the ________(develop) countries.. 16 All of the girls are ________ in music.(interest) The story is very _________. 17. Mother heard the door______. Mother heard her kid________the door.(open) 18 . I heard my brother _______in the next room. I heard the song ______in English. (sing) 19. The news is really_______.( excite) He got very___ when he heard that she won the gold medal. 20. On____ ( receive) a phone call from his wife______(say)she had a fall，Mr. Gordon immediately rushed home from his office. 21._________ (Find) the course very difficult ,she decided to move to a lower level. 22 Lionel Messi,______(set)the record for the most goals in a calendar year, is considered the most talented football player in Europe .
ing 分词作定语使用全攻略 先看一个长难句分析：This finding put an end to centuries of theories claiming(声称) that physical functions of the ear determine what we find attractive. 这个发现终结了数个世纪的声称耳朵的生理功能决定了我们所发现的(声音)是富有吸引力的理论。 其中claiming 是ing分词表示主动作后置定语， ing 分词作定语如何使用呢？ 1. 现在分词作前置定语时，在逻辑上与所修饰的名词之间为主谓关系，也可改成定语从句；如：a listening child= a child who is listening, 如果与所修饰的名词之间没有主谓关系，定语相当于一个介词for引导的短语。 a walking stick= a stick for walking. a reading room= a room for reading a swimming pool= a pool for swimming 现在分词位于所修饰的名词之后做后置定语，与所修饰的名词之间呈逻辑上的主谓关系，相当于一个定语从句。 Sea water ___containing______ (contain) salt can’t be drunk. Sea water which contains salt can’t be drunk. 2. 现在分词作定语往往表示“令人……”，主动的或正在进行的动作。如： a moving film, a developing country. exciting 令人兴奋的, 使人激动的interesting 有趣味的, 引起好奇的 disappointing 使人失望的, 令人失望的discouraging 令人气馁的 encouraging 奖励的, 可奖励的puzzling使迷惑的, 使莫明其妙的 missing. n不见的, 缺少的surprising令人惊讶的 confusing使人混淆的amusing有趣的 charming迷人的, 娇媚的,astonishing可惊异的 shocking骇人听闻的inviting引人动心的, 有魅力的 3. V-ing作定语表主动或动作正在进行 =I have a friend __who __ _is___ __living____in London. No one is allowed to speak in the reading room. 再举例： (1).They lived in a room facing the street. (2).A number of people __standing_______ (stand) outside asked to be allowed to enter the hall.. we set up a sign reading“No admittance” 我们设立了一个告示牌，告示排上写着：“禁止入内”。此处we set up a sign reading“No admittance”相当于we set up a sign which reads“No admittance” (3).It would include every English word possible and would give not only the definition but also the history of the word and quotations (引文)showing how it was used.它将包括每一个可能的英文词，不仅给出词的定义而且给出这个词的历史和表示它的用法的引文。2012山东卷阅读B (4).Looking ahead(状语),scientists believe that global warming could be one of the biggest environmental problems facing the 21st century（后置定语）.展望未来，科学家们认为全球
动词-ing做状语【学案】 （必修四第四单元语法点） 1.-ing短语在句子中可作状语，来修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示动作发生的时间、原 因、条件、结果、让步或伴随等情况。 2. -ing短语作状语一般表示一个次要的动作，一般都可以变为相应的状语从句或并列句。 1. 作时间状语 -ing短语作时间状语要置于句首。如： Hearing the bad news, they couldn’t help crying. =When______________________, they couldn’t help crying. 当听到这个不幸的消息时，他们情不自禁地哭了起来。 Having received his letter, I decided to write back. =After_______________________, I decided to write back. 收到他的信后，我决定给他回信。 注意：当v-ing形式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前时，应使用完成式：having done _______________(finish) his homework, he rushed out to play basketball. 2. 作原因状语 -ing短语作原因状语置于句首。如：Being so angry, he couldn’t go to sleep. =Because__________________, he couldn’t go to sleep. 因为太生气了，他不能入睡。Having been to the Great Wall many times, he didn’t go last week. =_______________he had been to the Great Wall many times, he didn’t go last week. 因为 他已经去过长城许多次，上周他就没去。 3. 作条件状语 -ing作条件状语置于句首或句末。如：Working hard, you will succeed. =If______________, you will succeed. 如果你勤奋一点，你就会成功。
动词-ing形式做句子的各种成份（一） 一、动词-ing形式做主语 1、现在分词做主语表示事物化、抽象化的概念。强调：现在分词做主语时谓 语一律用单数。 Eg: Talking is an art. Eg: Tearning English well is not easy. 2、it做形式主语的情况 It’s no good/use doing sth.做``````是没有用的 It’s useful/useless doing 做``````是有/没有用的 There is no `````````doing sth. Eg: It is no use crying after knowing the result. Eg: It is no good playing games. 二、动词-ing形式做表语 动词-ing形式做表语，一般表示比较抽象的习惯性动作。 1、句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词/抽象的习惯性动作。（主语和表语 的位置可以互换） Eg: My hobby is playing games.--------Playing games is my hobby.
Eg: One of his bad habits is speaking loudly. -----------Speaking loudly is one of his bad habits. Eg: Your task is studying hard.-------------Studying hard is your task. 与现在进行时的区别： He is flying.(现在进行时，就不能转换成----------Flying is he) 2、表示主语的某种性质或状态，描述主语的特征，相当于形容词，故不能与 主语互换。 系动词：be动词、感官动词、get/become等。 Eg: This film is interesting. Eg: Today’s weather is nice. Eg: The song sounds good. (主语一般为物：moving\ surprising\promising有希望的) 三、动词-ing形式做宾语 1、作动词的宾语 某些动词后只能用动词-ing形式作宾语，不能用不定式。 allow \ cannot help\ consider\ risk\ suggest\ forbid\ protect```(from)阻止\ admit\ advise\ allow\ avoid\ delay推迟\ enjoy\ escape逃脱\ finish\ give up\ imagine\ mind\ practise\
年级高一学科英语版本人教实验版 内容标题必修4 Unit 3 A taste of English humor动词-ing形式作表语、定语、 宾语补足语和状语 编稿老师林静 【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： 动词-ing形式作表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语 二. 知识精讲 （一）动词的ing形式作表语 1. 动名词作表语一般表示抽象的、习惯性的行为，这时主语与表语的位置可以互换。 Her duty is taking care of the babies. 照看婴儿是她的职责。 Our job is playing all kinds of music. 我们的工作就是演奏各种音乐 2. 现在分词作表语，表明的是主语的性质与特征，相当于形容词，可有比较级形式，亦可被very, quite，so等副词修饰，这时主语与表语的位置不可互换 The music they are playing sounds exciting. 他们演奏的音乐是如此令人兴奋 The film we saw last night is quite moving. 我们昨晚看的电影十分感人。 （二）动词的ing形式作定语 1. 动名词作定语，表示该名词的用途或与其有关的动作，通常只能放在所修饰的名词前。 a walking stick手杖reading room 阅览室washing machine洗衣机 2.现在分词作定语，说明所修饰的名词正在进行的动作或存在的状态，现在分词与所修 饰的名词具有逻辑上的主谓关系，可换成定语从句来表达，单个的现在分词作定语常置于被 修饰的名词前，现在分词短语作定语须置于被修饰的名词后。 Nobody can stop the running horse(=the horse that is running). 没人能阻止那匹奔跑的马。