高中英语语法基础——主谓一致知识点讲解与同步练习
概念：主谓一致是指主语与谓语在数上要保持一致。
一．谓语动词用单数的情况
1．动名词短语、不定式短语、名词性从句做主语，谓语用单数。如：
Buying clothes is often a time-consuming job.
T o understand the situation completely requires more thought.
2．表示时间、距离、金额、重量、面积、体积、容积等度量的名词短语做主语时，谓语用单数。Two weeks was too long.T en yuan is enough.十元钱足够了。
3．一般用and连接的两个单词或短语做主语时候，谓语用复数，但是下面用and连接的主语表示一个概念，谓语用单数：
law and order法制soap and water肥皂水
a cup and saucer茶杯碟子fork and knife刀叉
the needle and thr ead针线trial and error反复尝试，不断摸索
horse and carriage马车time and tide岁月
b r e ad and butter奶油面包the ebb and flow盛衰，潮涨潮落
Bread and butter is our daily food Time and tide waits for no man
4.代词each和由every,some,no,any等构成的复合代词作主语，或主语中含有each,every,谓语需用单数。
例如：Each of us has a tape-recorder.我们每个人都有一台录音机。
There is something wrong with my watch.我的表出问题了。
5.两个用and连接的单数可数名词作主语，且第二个名词前无冠词，表示“一体”或“一双”，谓语动词用单数。例如：The watch and chain is made of gold.
注意：若第二个单数名词前有冠词，谓语动词需用复数。例如：A peot and a writer have come to speak to us.
6.当不定代词someone,somebody,anyone,anybody,evryone,evrybody,something,anything,nothing,no one, nobody,each,the other,all等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
例如：Someone is waiting for you outside.
7.两个用and连接而被each,every或no修饰的单数可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。例如：No
b ook and(no)magazine is allowed to be tak en away.
Each teacher and(each)student wants to see the film.
8.当主语为“many a+单数可数名词”时，谓语动词用单数。（许多…）
例如：Many a stu dent has to spend their week ends studying in the classroom.
9.当主语为“one and a half+可数名词复数”时，谓语动词用单数。
例如：O ne and a half b ananas is left on the table.
10.当主语为“more than one+单数可数名词”时，谓语动词用单数。
例如：More than one example is necessary to mak e the students understand the rule clearly.
11.形式是复数，意义是单数的词：news,works(工厂)=factory,means,plastics(塑料)，politics,
maths=mathematics等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
例如：The news is very exciting.Politics is a very important subject to us.
works( 等，谓 修 姓 观 他家不 他的 兵) ． 4 连 等修 读和写
(also) ; or
to 是 blame. 注意：works 有两层含义：works(著作；作品)=books; a work=a book;
工厂)=factory 前者
作主语，谓语动词用复数；后者作主语，谓语动词用单数。
例如：It is said that Chairman Mao’s works have been published.
That works we visited yesterday is very large.
12. 主语是一些只用复数形式的名词，如 clothes, trousers,shoes,gloves 语动词用复数，但当
这些词前用 a piece of 饰时，其谓语动词用单数。
例如：There is a piece of shoes in the box.
13. 四则运算中，谓语动词通常用单数。
例如： Ten and two is twelve. Ten added to two is twelve.
14. 国名、人名、书名、组织机构等专有名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
例如：En g les is Marx’s best friend.
二． 谓语用复数情况
1. 当主语为“the+ 的复数形式”时，表示“一家人”或“一对夫妇”，谓语动词用复数。
例如：The Smith are our friends.
2. 集体名词如：army, class, enemy, family, government, group, public, company, committee,
team, audience(众) 作主语时，谓语动词视情况而定。若将其作为一个整体，谓语动词用单数； 若指其
中的成员或个体，谓语则用复数。
例如： His family isn't very large. 是一个大家庭。
His family are music lovers.家人都是音乐爱好者。
3. 名词 people, police, cattle,民milita(，mass(群众) 等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
例如：Cattle feed on grass.由 and, both …and, 接的并列主语，和 both ,a few, many ,several 饰语
后面，谓语动词
通常用复数形式。
Few people know he and I were classmates when we were at college.
5．某些形容词前面加定冠词表示一类人，做主语时候，谓语动词用复数
The rich are not always selfish
6．不可数名词作主语，其前有表示数量的复数名词修饰时，谓语动词用复数
Three million tons of coal were exported that year
7. 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数
例如：Reading and writing are very important.都是非常重要的。 三．谓语动词的数遵循就近原则的情况
1. 由连词 ei ther…or…; neither…nor…; whether… or…; not only…but 等连接的并列主语，谓语动
词与最邻近的主语保持一致。
例如：Either you or she is 要么go.你走，要么是她走。
Neither I nor he is to 我和他都不应该受责备。
2. 在倒装结构中，谓语动词与后面的第一个主语一致
There stands a tree on the top of the mountain. Just outside the ruins is a magnificent building surrounded by tall trees.
3.当there be句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与邻近的主语保持一致。
例如：There is a pen,a knife and several books on the desk..桌上有笔、小刀和几本书。
4．当主语后面跟有with,together with,like,except,but,no less than,as well as等词引起的短语时，谓语动词与最前面的主语一致。
例如：The teacher toge ther with some students is visiting the factory.老师和一些学生在参观工厂。He as well as I wants to go boating.他和我都想去划船。
5.“one of+复数名词+定语从句”，从句中的谓语动词用复数，当one前加the only时，从句谓语动词则用单数。
例如：T om is one of th eboys who come to school early.
Jack is the only one of the boys who come s on time.
6.特例：
A(large)quantity/mass/variety o f+可数或不可数名词+谓语动词的单数形式；
(large)quantities/masses/varities o f+可数或不可数名词+谓语动词的复数形式。
7.all of,most of,some of,the rest of,half of及分数和百分数跟名词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由所跟名词的单复数而定。
例如：The rest of the computers are on sale today.
The rest of lecture is not intresting.
8.a number of和the number of后接复数名词作主语，前者的谓语动词用复数，后者则用单数。例如：A number of girls are still I the classroom.
The number of people invited was more than eighty.
9．某些固定结构中主语与谓语的数：
第一组：
a great many+可数名词复数谓语用复数
a number of+可数名词复数谓语用复数
the majority of+可数名词复数谓语用复数
第二组：
the number of+可数名词复数谓语用单数
neither/either of+可数名词复数谓语用单数
one and a half+可数名词复数谓语用单数
第三组：
more than one+可数名词单数谓语用单数
many a+可数名词单数谓语用单数
主谓一致专项练习：
()1.Either Jane or Steven_____watching TV now.
A.were
B.is
C.was
D.are
()2.T wo days_______enough for me to finish the work.I need a third day.
A.isn’t
B.is
C.are’t
D.are
()3.—How many lessons do you usually haver a day?
—Six lessons a day.And each of them_____45minutes.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/548109450.html,st
https://www.doczj.com/doc/548109450.html,sts
C.have
D.are
()4.Neither Liping nor I_______a basketball player.
A.am
B.is
C.be
D.are
()5.There______many new words in lesson one.It is very easy.
A.is
B.aren’t
C.isn’t
D.are
()6.The number of the students in our school____1200.
A.is
B.are
C.has
D.have
()7.Maths_______my favourite subject.
A.be
B.is
C.am
D.are
()8.The boy with the two dogs_____when the earthquak e rocked the city.
A.were sleeping
B.is sleeping
C.was sleeping
D.are asle
()9.Every one except T om and John_____there when the meeting began.
A.are
B.is
C.were
D.was
()10.That place is not interesting at all.____of us wants to go there.
A.Neither
B.Both
C.All
D.Some
()11.N ob ody but Jane_____the secret.
A.know
B.knows
C.have know
D.is
()12.—What’s on the plate?some eggs and cakes on it?
—There_____some eggs and cakes on it.
A.is
B.are
C.was
D.were
()13.This pair of glasses______mine.
A.are
B.be
C.is
D.will be
()14.Both Lily and Lucy______to the party yesterday.
A.invited
B.was invited
C.had invited
D.were invirted
()15.—T wo months______quite a long time.
—Yes,I’m afraid that he will miss lots of his lessons.
A.is
B.are
C.was
D.were
()16.In the city the old_______.
A.tak e good care of
B.are tak en good care of
C.is tak en good care of
D.are been tak en good care of
()17.His family_____all very kind and friendly,His family______a happy one.
A.are,is
B.is,is
C.are,are
D.is,are
()18.The singer and the dancer_____come to Beijing.
A.has
B.have
C.are
D.is
()19.The children in this class each_____new school bag.
A.have
B.has
C.has got
D.are having
()20.All but one_____here just now.
A.is
B.was
C.has been
D.were
()21.Y ou as well as your wife blame(责备)for the accident（交通事故）.
A.are
B.is
C.have
D.has
()22.Neither my wife nor I able to teach my daughter to sing English songs.
A.has been
B.is
C.are
D.am
()23.Tom’s teacher and friend___Mr.Smith.
A.has
B.are being
C.is
D.are
()24.Many a studen t___that mistake before.
A.had made
B.has been made
C.have made
D.has made
()25.Between the two buildings___a monume nt.
A.is standing
B.standing
C.stands
D.stand
()https://www.doczj.com/doc/548109450.html,ying eggs___the ant queen’s full-time job.
A.have
B.has
C.are
D.is
()27.The whole class___greatly moved at his words yesterday.
A.is
B.had
C.were
D.was
()28.Deer___faster than dogs.
A.will run
B.are running
C.runs
D.run
()29.The police___a prisoner.
A.are searched for
B.is searching
C.are searching for
D.is searching for
()30.More than one answer___to the question so far.
A.had given
B.were given
C.has been given
D.have been given
参考答案：
(1).B(2).A(3).B(4).A(5).B(6).A(7).B(8).C
(9).D(10).A(11).B(12).B(13).C(14).D(15).A
(16).B(17).A(18).B(19).A(20)D(21).A(22).D
(23).C(24).D(25).C(26).D(27)D(28).C(29).C(30).D
主谓一致的讲解 主谓一致是指： 1）语法形式上要一致，即名词单复数形式与谓语要一致。 2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。 一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致 1.由and 连接主语时 And 连接的两个或多个单数可数名词、不可数名词或代词作主语时根据意义或概念确定谓语用单数或复数 1)并列主语表示不同的人、物或概念时谓语动词用复数 Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good students. Like many others, the little tramp and the naughty boy have rushed there in search of gold. 小流浪汉和调皮的小男孩也赶到那里寻找金子 Both rice and wheat are grown in this area. 2)并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。 The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting. 那位教授兼作家正在会上发言 A journalist and authour lives on the sixth floor. 一位新闻记者兼作家 His lawyer and former college friend was with him on his trip to Europe. 他的律师兼大学时代的朋友陪他去欧洲旅行 The Premier and Foreign Minister was present at the state banquet. 总理兼外长 比较：the writer and the educator have visited our school. the writer and educator has visited our school. His lawyer and his former college friend were with him on his trip to Europe. 注意：指同一个人或物时，并列主语前只用一个冠词，指不同的需要分别加冠词，但两个名词具有分别的对立的意思时只需要一个冠词即可 A boy and girl are playing tennis. 3)并列主语前有each, every, many a , no 等修饰时谓语动词用单数 Each doctor and (each) nurse working in the hospital was asked to help patients. Every man, woman and child is entitled to take part in the activity. 有权参加 Every boy and (every) girl admires him for his fine sense of humour. Many a boy and (many a ) girl has made the same mistake No boy and no girl is there now.没有任何男孩和女孩在那里 注意：many a 跟单数可数名词但是表示复数意义翻译为很多 Many a student was disappointed after seeing the movie. 4)并列主语为不可分的整体时，谓语动词用单数 A law and rule about protecting environment has been drawn up. 关于保护环境的法律法规已经起草完成。 The knife and fork has been washed 刀叉已经被洗好 War and peace is a constant theme in history 战争与和平是历史永恒的主题 注意;常被视为主体的结构 A cup and saucer 一副杯碟 A horse and cart 马车 A knife and fork 一副刀叉
高中英语之“主谓一致” （**）主谓一致的概念。 所谓主谓一致是指“主语和谓语动词”之间，即（主语的人称和单复数形式）决定着（谓语动词对应的形式）。 （一）主谓一致的种类 一、【语法一致】 1. vand连接〉两个或两个以上单数名词或者代词作主语的时候，谓语动词有以下两种情况： （1）如果指两个或两个以上不同的人或事物的时候，谓语动词用复数。 He and she ____ both students of this school. 他和她都是这个学校的学生。 （2）如果连接两个以上的名词指的是同一个人或物，或者指同一概念的时候，谓语要用单数。 The singer and dancer ___ going to give us a performance. 那个歌唱家兼舞蹈演员要给我们表演。 The knife and fork ____ o n the table. 刀叉在桌子上。 2. 如果主语是＜不定式，动词ing形式或主语从句＞的时候,谓语动词一般用单数。 When he is coming seems very important. 他什么时候要来看起来很重要。 Collecting stamps is his hobby. 收集邮票是他的爱好。 To love her is not to break her wings. 爱她就不该折断她自由飞翔的翅膀。 3.定语从句的＜关系代词who, which, that＞在从句中作主语时，要与＜先行词＞的人称和数保持一致。 Those who enjoy singing may join us. Tom, who is your friend, should help you. with, along with, together with, as well as, besides, like, without, except, but, including 如果句子中有这些连接词和主语连用，谓语动词的数＜随主语的变化＞而变化。 例如： The teacher, together with his students, is planting trees in the street. 老师和他的学生们正在街道上植树。 二、［意义一致原则］ ，但在意义上却是复数；有指主谓一致取决于主语的其实际意义。（有的主语名词在形式上是单数 的主语名词在形式上是复数，但在意义上却是单数。）不定代词all, more, some, any, none作主语，谓语动词视情况而定。 All of the apples ___ rotten. 所有的苹果都烂了。 All of the apple ____ rotten. 整个苹果都烂了。 None of the money ____ l eft. 没有剩下一点钱。
高中英语主谓一致知识点讲解 本文主要讲解主谓一致，并列结构作主语时谓语用复数主谓一致中的靠近原则谓语动词与前面的主语一致 等常见考点。 主谓一致是指： 1）语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。 2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。 3）就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语， 一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。例如： There is much water in the thermos. 但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如： Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year. 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数，例如： Reading and writing are very important. 读写很重要。 注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。例如： The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 钢铁工业对我们的生活有重要意义。 典型例题 The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting. A. is B. was C. are D. were 答案B. 注：先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除A.，C。本题易误选D，因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人，但仔细辨别，monitor 前没有the，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人，所以应选B。
．主谓一致 主谓一致是指一个句子的主语和谓语动词保持数的一致关系。英语主谓一致一般要遵循三条原则，即：语法一致原则；意义一致原则和就近原则。 1.语法一致原则 语法一致原则是指谓语动词和它的主语在语法形式上必须取得一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式，如： Tom doesn’t like swimming. 汤姆不喜欢游泳。 Jane and Mary look alike. 简和玛丽看起来很像。 2.意义一致原则 意义一致原则是指谓语动词和主语的一致，同由主语所表达的单数概念来决定，而不是根据主语的实际语法形式。 有时主语的语法形式是单数，但所表达的概念是复数意义，这时动词应采用复数形式，如： The football team are having breakfast now. 足球队员们在吃早饭。 The news was exciting. 这条消息令人振奋。 3.就近原则 就近原则指谓语动词的人称和数要在形式上与最靠近它的那个名词或代词取得一致。当一个句子有两个主语而它们又是either...or…, neither…nor…, not only…but also…, or 等连接时，谓语动词与靠近它的主语保持一致，如： Either your students or Mr Wang knows this. 你的学生们或王老师知道这件事。 Neither Jim nor his friends were interested in this film. 汤姆和他的朋友们都对这部电影不感兴趣。 主谓一致这三个原则中有很多需要注意的问题， 1.主语为集体名词 (1)某些集体名词既可表示单数也可表示复数。如果集体名词作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式，如果就其中一 个成员而言，谓语动词用复数形式，如： Our group were discussing heatedly on the subject. 我们小组成员正对这个问题进行热烈的讨论。（group 指小组成员）Our group is made up of four girls and five boys. 我们小组有4个女孩和5个男孩组成。（group 指小组整体） The population in China is very large, and one third of the population are farmers. 中国的人口很多，其中三分之一是农民。（前一个population 指整体，后一个population 指成员） (2)某些集体名词如people, police, cattle, youth 等常作复数看待，谓语动词与复数形式的谓语搭配，如： The police are searching for him. 警察正在搜寻他。 The cattle were driven away from the hill. 那些牲畜从山上被赶走了。 3.某些名词如equipment（设备），furniture（家具），jewelry（珠宝），clothing（衣服），machinery（机械），表示单数 概念，谓语动词要相应地采用单数形式,如： A lot of equipment has been replaced by the new equipment. 许多旧设备已经被新设备代替了。 All the machinery in the factory was controlled by robots. 这个厂所有的机械都由机器人来控制的。 2.主语为代词 (1)．有些代词尽管意义上是多数，但谓语动词要用单数形式，这类代词有：either, neither, each, another, somebody, someone, something, anything, anyone, everyone, everything, everybody, no one, nothing, nobody 等，如： Neither likes the friends of the other. 两人都不喜欢对方的朋友。 Everything around us is matter. 我们周围所有的东西都是物质。 注意： ①在neither of 与either of 的结构中，谓语动词可用单数形式也可用复数形式，如： Neither of them was / were in good health, but both worked hard. 他们俩身体都不好，但工作却都很努力。 ②each 用于单数名词前，谓语动词用单数形式, each 用于复数主语后，谓语动词用复数形式。each of, each one of 后 接复数名词或代词，但谓语动词常用单数形式。 Each (one) of the houses was different. 每座房子都不同。 Each student has been given their own e-mail address. 每个学生都得到了一个自己的电子邮件地址。
高中英语主谓一致 1．名词作主语 1）有些词，如news,maths,physics,politics,the United States等在形式上是复数，但意义上为单数，故谓语动词用单数形式。 The New York Times is widely read in the world. 2)某些集体名词，如family, team,等作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式，如果就其中一个个成员而言，谓语动词用复数形式。如：His family is a happy one. The whole family are watching TV. 这类名词有：audience，class，club，company，crew，enemy，crowd，government，group，party，public，team等。 2）某些集体名词，如people, police, cattle等，只当复数看待，谓语动词必须用复数。如： The police are searching for the thief. 3）当名词词组中心词为表示度量、距离、金额、时间、书名等复数名词时，往往可以根据意义一致的原则，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语用单数形式。如：Three years has passed since then. 4）不定代词each, every, no所修饰的名词即使以and或逗号连接成多主语时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。如： Each boy and each girl wants to go to the cinema. 5）如果主语有more than one很多非常…或many a许多……构成，尽管从意义上看是复数内容，但它的谓语动词仍用单数形式。如： More than one student has read the book. Many a girl has been there. 6）“one of＋复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数。 One of the students in our class is from Shandong. 7)一些有两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式，例如：glasses, clothes, trousers, shoes, compasses, chopsticks, scissors等。但如果主语用“a kind of, a pair of , a series of等加名词”构成时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。如： A pair of shoes was on the desk. 8）this kind of men的谓语动词用单数，men of this kind的谓语动词用复数，all kinds of后跟复数名词，谓语动词用复数形式。如： This kind of men is dangerous. Men of this kind are dangerous. 9）复数形式的单、复数同形名词作主语时，按意义一致原则，作用单数意义时，谓语用单数，反之，谓语用复数。这类名词有：means（方法），works（工厂），species （种类），Chinese，Japanese等。如： The (This) glass works was set up in 1980. (这家玻璃厂建于1980年。)
高考英语主谓一致用法全汇总 一、主谓一致的概念 主谓一致是指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系。一般情况下，主谓之间的一致关系由以下三个原则支配： 语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近原则。 “主谓一致”考查内容涉及名词单数或复数作主语、不可数名词作主语、不定式作主语、并列结构作主语、特殊名词作主语时与谓语动词的一致等。 二、名词作主语 01 某些集体名词，如family，team等作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式，如果就其中一个个成员而言，谓语动词用复数形式。 如： His family is a happy one.他的家庭是一个幸福的家庭。 The whole family are watching TV.全家人都在看电视。 这类名词有audience，class，club，company，crew，enemy，crowd，government，group，party，public，team等。名词population一词的使用情况类似。 “a group(crowd) of+复数名词”等短语之后的谓语动词也同样可用单数或复数，前者强调整体，后者强调各个部分。
02 某些集体名词，如people，police，cattle等，只当复数看待，谓语动词必须用复数。 The police are searching for the thief.警察正在搜捕那个贼。03 单、复数同形的名词作主语时，谓语动词应根据意义决定单、复数。 如： A sheep is over there.那边有只羊。 Some sheep are over there.那边有些羊。 04 名词所有格之后的名词被省略，这种情况一般只指商店、工厂、住宅等，作主语时，动词一般用单数。 如： The doctor’s is across the street.诊所在街道的对面。 My uncle’s is not far from here.我叔叔家离这儿不远。常见的省略名词有the baker’s，the barber’s，the carpenter’s，the Zhang’s等。 表示店铺的名词，一般作集体名词看待，但用作主语时，谓语动词往往用复数。 如：
人教版高中英语必修二 知识点梳理 重点题型（常考知识点）巩固练习 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 概念引入： He is a person who never gives up. 他是个永远不服输的人。 I found him in the woods, where has a well-known tree. (我是在树林里找到他的，那里有一棵很有名的树。) Our guide,(who was a Frenchman, ) was an excellent cook. 我们的导游是个很优秀的厨师，他是个法国人 She was not on the train which arrived just now。 她没在刚刚到达的那辆车上 语法点拨 什么是定语从句？ 修饰主语、宾语、表语的句子就叫做定语从句。引导定语从句的关系词有： 关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that 关系副词：when, where, why 我们把下面两个句子组合成一个复合句： 1. This is our school. It is beautiful. →This is our school which is beautiful. 2. This is our school. We study in our school. →This is our school which we study in. →This is our school in which we study. →This is our school where we study. 3. Do you know the room? It is made of amber. →Do you know the room which is made of amber? 4. I have read the newspaper. It carries the important news. →I have read the newspaper which carries the important news. 从上述定语从句的组合我们可以看出： 先行词和关系词的关系：关系代词实际上是先行词的复指；关系词whose 实际上是先行词的所有格。 1. A plane is a machine that can fly. the machine = that 2. The boy who broke the window is called Wangkai. the boy =who 3. The boy whose parents are working outside was brought up by his grandfather. the boy’s =whose 【高一英语语法（二）定语从句（二）356521限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句】
高中英语：主谓一致 知识总结归纳 一、概念：主谓一致是指谓语在人称和数上必须和主语的人称和数保持一致。这是英语 语法中必须遵循的基本规则。 二、主谓一致主要有以下几种情况：语法一致，就近一致和意义一致。 （一）、语法一致：主语为单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。 .1 ofte n help him and he ofte n helps me. We ofte n help each other. 不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数；可数名词的复数形式作主语，谓语动词用复数。 1. 由and连接的两个名词或代词做主语： ①The worker and writer _____ （be） from Wuha n. 那个工人兼作家 ②The worker and the writer _____ （be） from Beiji ng. 那位工人和那位作家 ③The secretary and monitor _ asked to make a speech at the meeting. A. is B. was C. are D. were （1）这部分主语表示的是两个人或两件不同的事物，谓语动词用复数形式。例如： ①My brother and I have both see n that film. ②Both rice and wheat are grown in this part of China. ③The poet and the no velist were both prese nt at the meeti ng. （2）这部分主语表示具有两个身份或性质的同一个人或一个完整的事物，谓语动词用单数形式，这时and 后面的名词前没有冠词。例： ①The statesma n and poet was en gaged in warfare all his life. ②War and peace is a con sta nt theme in history. ③One more knife and fork is n eeded. ④Bread and butter is our daily food. ⑤Law and order has bee n established. （3）这部分主语前面有each, every, many a, no 等修饰时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。例句： ①Each doctor and （each）nurse was given a new shirt. ②No sound and no voice is heard. ③Many a boy and girl has made the same mistake. ④Every mi nute and every sec ond is precious. 2. 动名词，不定式，主语从句做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例句： ①Readi ng is a great pleasure in life. ②To live means to create. ③That we n eed more time is obvious. ④What is n eeded is food and medici ne. 3. 表示时间，金钱，距离，重量的复数名词表示数量做主语时，被视为一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。 例句： ①Three thousa nd miles is a long dista nee. ②Eight hours of sleep is eno ugh. ③Ten dollars is eno ugh for him. ④Fifty kilograms is not too long to be carried 4. 不定代词anyone，anything， every one，everyth ing，some one，someth ing，no one，nothing，each the other 等做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例句： ①Is an ybody going to tell him the n ews ?
初中英语主谓一致语法讲解 （名师总结必考语法知识，值得下载） 1.定义：主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，同时主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。 2.什么叫语法一致原则？ 指当主语是单数形式时，谓语动词用单数形式，当主语是复数形式时，谓语用复数形式。 例如：Mike________（is / are）a good student. 迈克是个好学生。Mike为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用单数。 The children often ________（plays / play）football on the playground. 孩子们经常在操场上踢足球。 children为复数，谓语动词应用复数形式。 3.什么叫意义一致原则？ 指主语形式上为单数，但所表达的意义为复数，因此谓语动词要用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义，这时谓语动词用单数形式。 例如：My family ________（is / are）having lunch now. 我们一家人
现在正吃午饭。 Family指一家人，所以谓语用复数。 Twenty dollars ________（is / are）too expensive for the book. 这本书20美元太贵了。 Twenty dollars这里是一个单独的个体，所以意义为单数，谓语动词用单数。 4.什么叫就近一致原则？ 指谓语动词的单复数形式，取决于最靠近它的主语。 例如：Not only the teacher but also his students ________（like / likes）playing football. 不仅老师喜欢踢足球，而且他的学生也喜欢踢足球。 Like前面的主语为students,故根据就近原则谓语动词用复数形式。 There ________（is / are）a pen and some books on the desk. 课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。 Be动词后面靠近它的是a pen,所以谓语动词用单数形式。 5.常见用法： 1）主语为单数名词或不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数形式，主语为
主谓一致 Subject—Verb Agreement 概念引入： I am a teacher She often does her homework in the morning. There is only one box on the table. There are 50 students in our class. 语法讲解： 【高清课堂：直接引语和间接引语P1】 什么是主谓一致？ 1）语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。 2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。 3）就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语。 一般来说，不可数名词与可数名词单数用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。 在英语的句子中，谓语动词的形式应与主语的人称和数保持一致。如何判定，则要看句子的意思。多数情况下，根据句子的主语形式就能判定，但有的则要看整句的意思，及强调的内容。下面我们就常用的、易混的几种情况作一下解释。 比如: He are a teacher. I is a student. 分类讲解 一、语法一致原则 1、单数主语，不定式，动名词或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数 A student is studying English. Serving the people is my great happiness. When we deliver the goods hasn't been decided. When and where we will go hasn't been decided. 但当what引导的句子做主语，若后面是“be +名词”的结构时，谓语随名词变化。 What you did is right. What you need are these dictionaries. 2、复数名词、代词作主语，谓语动词一般用复数形式 All the students _____clever. （are） They _____English very much. (like) 3、用and或both…and 连接的单数名词、代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语及主语从句作主语谓语动词用复数形式。 ① Both my father and my mother ____farmers. （are） ②What I think and what I do ___been fairly in disagreement. （have） 注意:(1)当and连接的并列单数名词前有each，every, no或者many a 等限定词时，谓语动词通常用单数。 Each student and each teacher __been given a task. （has） Every flower and every bush ___to be cut down. （is） (2)当主语由and连结时，如果表示同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，此时and后面的名词无冠词。
高中英语主谓一致专项练习题 1. One-third of the area _____ covered with green trees. About seventy percent of the trees _____ been planted. A. are; have B. is; has C. is; have D. are; has 2. The number of teachers in our college _____ greatly increased last term.A number of teachers in this school _____ from the countryside. A. was; is B. was; are C. were; are D. were; is 3. What _____ the population of China? One-third of the population _____ workers here. A. is; are B. are; are C. is; is D. are; is 4. Not only he but also we _____ right. He as well as we _____ right. A. are; are B. are; is C. is; is D. is; are 5. What he’d like _____ a digital watch. What hed like _____ textbooks. A. are; are B. is; is C. is; are D. are; is 6. He is one of the boys who _____ here on time. He is the only one of the boys who _____ here on time. A. has come; have come B. have come; has come C. has come; has come D. have come; have come 7. Either you or he _____ interested in playing chess. _____ you or he fond of music at present? A. are; Are B. is; Are C. are; Is D. is; Is 8. Many a professor _____ looking forward to visiting Germany now. Many scientists _____ studied animals and plants in the last two years. A. is; have B. is; has C. are; have D. is; are 9. A knife and a fork _____ on the table. A knife and fork _____ on the table. A. is; is B. are; are C. are; is D. is; are 10. Her family _____ much larger than mine four years ago. Her family _____ dancing and singing when I came in last night. A. were; was B. was; were C. was; was D. were; were 11. How and why Jack came to China _____ not known. When and where to build the new library _____ not been decided. A. is; has B. are; has C. is; have D. are; have 12. Now Tom together with his classmates _____ football on the playground. A. play B. are playing C. plays D. is playing 13. Two hundred and fifty pounds _____ too unreasonable a price for a second-hand car. A. is B. are C. were D. be 14. All but Dick _____ in Class Three this term. A. are B. is C. were D. was
必修一 语法点一：Be+v.ing表将来 use the present continuous tense for future plans In English, we have lots of ways of talking about the future. The most common ways of talking about the future we encounter use ‘will’ or ‘be going to’ followed by an infinitive（动词原形）, and we tend to use ‘be going to’ most often for talking about future plans. Sometimes, we also use the present continuous tense to talk about future plans. Ex. ①we are going to Mexico next Sunday. ② Are you coming to the cinema? ③ He is leaving for London in two hours. ④ We are spending next winter in Australia. Only some verbs can be used in this situation, such as: go, arrive, come, leave, start, stay, return, play, have, work, wear, spend, see, meet, etc. 扩展： What’s the difference between using ‘be going to’ and the present continuous to talk about future plans? Let’s look at some more examples: “I’m going to play football on Saturday” You have made a plan in your head but possibly not taken any real action to confirm it. Also, playing football on Saturday is probably not a regular event for you. “I’m playing football on Saturday” You have made a plan and taken some real action to confirm it (e.g. called your friends or booked a place to play). In this case, it’s likely that playing football on Saturdays is a common activity for you. 语法点二：Direct speech and indirect speech(直接引语和间接引语) Let's first define the terms, then look at how to talk about what someone said, and how to convert speech from direct to indirect or vice-versa. You can answer the question What did he say? in two ways: by repeating the words spoken (direct speech) by reporting the words spoken (indirect or reported speech). Direct speech repeats, or quotes, the exact words spoken. When we use direct speech in writing, we place the words spoken between quotation marks (" ") and there is no change in these words. Reported or indirect speech is usually used to talk about the past, so we normally change the tense of the words spoken. We use reporting verbs like 'say', 'tell', 'ask', and we may use the word 'that' to introduce the reported words. Quotation marks are not used. 1、declarative sentence陈述句 ①Change in pronoun:The pronoun (subject) of the reported speech is changed according to the pronoun of reporting verb or object (person) of reporting verb (first part of sentence). Sometimes the pronoun may not change. In following example the pronoun of reported speech is “I” which will be changed
高中英语主谓一致 一）主谓一致的种类 1．语法形式上的一致 主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。如： The number of the students present is 200. Jane and Mary look alike. 2．意义上一致 1）主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。如：The crowd were shouting. 单数形式代表复数内容的词有：people, , cattle,等。 2）主语形式为复数，而意义上却是单数，谓语动词用单数。如：The news was so surprising. 形复意单的单词有news和一些以ics结尾的学科名称，如physics，politics, economics等。 3．就近原则 即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。如用连词or，either…or, neither…not, not only…but also等连接的并列主语，如果一个是单数，一个是复数，谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致。如： Either your students or Mr. Wang knows this. （二）主谓一致的应用 1．名词作主语 1）某些集体名词，如family, team等作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式，如果就其中一个个成员而言，谓语动词用复数形式。如： His family is a happy one. The whole family are watching TV. 这类名词有：audience，class，club，company，crew，enemy，crowd，government，group，party，public，team等。 2）某些集体名词，如people, police, cattle等，只当复数看待，谓语动词必须用复数。如： The police are searching for the thief. 3）单、复数同形的名词主语时，谓语动词应根据意义决定单、复数。如： A sheep is over there. Some sheep are over there. 4）当名词词组中心词为表示度量、距离、金额、时间、书名等复数名词时，往往可以根据意义一致的原则，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语用单数形式。如： Three years has passed since then. 5）不定代词each, every, no所修饰的名词即使以and或逗号连接成多主语时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。如： Each boy and each girl wants to go to the cinema. 6）如果主语有more than one很多非常…或many a许多……构成，尽管从意义上看是复数内容，但它的谓语动词仍用单数形式。如： More than one student has read the book. Many a girl has been there. 但是，“more +复数名词+than one”结构之后，谓语动词一般多用复数形式。如： More members than one are against your plan. 7）一些有两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式，例如：glasses, clothes, trousers, shoes, compasses, chopsticks, scissors等。但如果主语用“a kind of, a pair of , a s eries of等加名词”构成时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。如： A pair of shoes was on the desk. 8）this kind of book =a book of this kind（这种书），其谓语动词用单数；短语this kind of men =men of this kind =these kind of men(口语)（这一类人），但this kind of men的谓语动词用单数，men of this kind和these kind of men的谓语动词用复数，all kinds of后跟复数名词，谓语动词用复数形式。如：