2015年职称英语考试综合类补全短文及译文
Virtual Driver
Driving involves sharp eyes and keen ears，analyzing with a brain，and coordination between hands, feet and brain. A man has sharp eyes and keen ears, analyzes through his brain, and
maintains coordination between his hands and brains. He can control a fast-moving car with
different parts of his body. (1) Apparently there isn't anyone in the driver's cab, but there is in fact
a virtual driver1. This virtual driver has eyes, brains, hands and feet too. The minicameras on each
side of the car are its eyes and are responsible for observing the road conditions ahead of it as well as the traffic to its left and right. If you open the boot, you can see the most important part of the automatic driving system：a built-in computer. (2) The brain of the car is responsible for
calculating the speeds objects surrounding the car are moving at2，analyzing their position on the road，choosing the right path，and giving orders to the wheel and the control system.
In comparison with the human brain, the virtual driver's best advantage is that it reacts quickly. (3) However, it takes the world's best racecar driver at least one second to react, and this doesn't include the time he needs to take action.
With its rapid reaction and accurate control，the virtual driver can reduce the accident rate on expressways considerably. In this case, is it possible for us to let it have the wheel3 at ahy time and in any place? (4) With its limited ability to recognize things, the car can now only travel on expressways.
The intelligent car determines its direction by the clear lines that mark the lanes clearly and recognizes vehicles according to their regular shapes. (5) This being the case4, people still have high hopes about driverless cars，and think highly intelligent cars are what the cars of the future should be like.
词汇：
virtual 虚拟的built-in 嵌入的
coordination 协调，配合racecar n.赛车
cab 驾驶室expressway 高速公路
minicamera n.小型照相机driverless 无驾驶员的
boot.(车身后部的)行李箱
注释：
1.virtual driver：虚拟驾驶员
2.The brain of the car is responsible for calculating the speeds objects surrounding the car are
moving at...车的大脑负责计算汽车周围物体移动的速度。The brain of the car is responsible for calculating the speeds objects surrounding the car are moving at = The brain is responsible for calculating the speeds at which objects surrounding the car are moving.
3.have the wheel：驾细汽车
4.This being the case：虽然情况是这样。This being the case是独立主格结构。
5.... highly intelligent cars are what the cars of the future should be like.未来的、汽车就应该是高度智能化的汽车。
练习：
A Experts say that we cannot do that just yet.
B In the near future，intelligent cars will be put into commercial operation.
C This is the brain of the car.
D But how does an intelligent car control itself?
E It completes the processing of the images sent by the cameras within 100 milliseconds.
F However, it cannot recognize moving people and bicycles on ordinary roads that have no clear markings on them.
答案与题解：
1.D “空1”前面三个句子讲的是真人驾驶员驾驶汽车时脑、眼、耳、手、脚并用，而且要协调配合。“空1”之后话题转入虚拟驾驶员。“空1”之后的第一句“Apparently there isn't anyone in the driver's cab ... ”似乎来得有些突然，与前面句子接得很生硬。所以，中间应该有个过渡句。选项D就是连接上下文的过渡句。
2.C “空2”前面一句意思是，如果你打开车身后部的行李箱，你就能看到自动驾驶系统中最重要的部件，嵌入式计算机。“空2”后的句子中的the brain of the car自然是指前句的built- in computer,但接得太突然。选项C "This is the brain of the car. ”就把前后句子联系起来了。this指代上一句的built-in comupter。后面句子的the brain of the car是重复选项C中的the brain of the car,显得很自然。所以，C是答案。
3.E “空3”前面一句意思是，虚拟驾驶员最大的优点是反应快。“空3”后面一句意思是，最好的赛车手至少要1秒钟才能作出反应。“至少要1秒钟”已经暗示，虚拟驾驶员反应速度要比真人驾驶员快。选项E说，虚拟驾驶员只需100毫秒就能作出反应。选项E使上下文的意思完整，因此是答案。
4.A “空4”前面是一个问句，B卩“在这种情况下，是不是可以不分时间、不分地点都让虚拟驾驶员驾驶汽车?”“空4”的句子应该回答这个问题：“让还是不让?”选项A回答了这个问题，因此是答案。
5.F “空5”前面一句意,思是，“The intelligent car determines its direction by the clear lines that mark the lanes clearly and recognizes vehicles according to their regular shapes. ” (智?旨、汽车按清晰标出的车道线决定自己的行车方向，靠车辆的常规形状识别其他?辆。)选项F的内容正好相反。上一句说"recognizes”，还有"mark the lanes clearly"，而 F 说“cannot recognize"，又说“no clear markings”。从意思表达和词汇重复上，都能判断出，F的句子应该出现在“空5”的位置上。
译文：虚拟驾驶员
驾驶需要敏锐的视觉与听觉，大脑分析，手、脚和大脑的协调配合。人具有敏锐的视觉与听觉能力，能用大脑进行分析，保持手和大脑的配合。人能用身体不伺部位来操控一辆快速行驶的汽车，但是智能化的汽车怎样自动驾驶呢?显然驾驶室里无人驾驶，但事实上的确存在一个虚拟驾驶员，它有眼睛、大脑和手、脚。汽车两边的小型照相机就是它的眼睛，负责观察前方的路况信息和左右两侧的交通状况。如果你打开车身后部的行李箱，你就会看到自动驾驶系统中最重要的部件：嵌入式计算机。它是汽车的大脑，这个大脑负责计算汽车周围物体移动的速度，分析它在路上的位置，选择正确的道路，并对方向盘和操控系统下达指令。
与人脑相比，虚拟驾驶员最大的优点是反应快。对照相机发送的图像，能在100毫秒内完成对其的分析处理。可是世界上最好的赛车手至少要1秒钟内才能做出反应，并且这个时间还不包括他采取应对措施的时间。
由于虚拟驾驶员反应迅速，操控准确，它能大量减少高速公路的事故率。在这种情况下，是不是可以不分时间、不分地点都让虚拟驾驶员驾驶汽车?专家们认为目前尚不可以。由于虚拟驾驶员识别物体的能力有限，目前这种智能化汽车只可以在高速公路上行驶。
智能汽车按清晰标出的车道线决定自己的行车方向，靠车辆的常规形状识别其他车辆。然而, 它却不能识别在普通道路上行驶的没有清晰标记的自行车和行人。虽然情况是这样，人们始终认为未来的汽车就应该是高度智能化的汽车。
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8.The law carries a penalty of up to three years in prison. A.message B.punishment C.guilt D.obligation 参考答案：B 9.Prisoners were kept in the most appalling conditions. A.flexible B.terrible C.reasonable D.serious 参考答案：B 10.These products are inferior to those we brought last year. A.poorer than B.narrower than https://www.doczj.com/doc/5712648152.html,rger than D.richer than 参考答案：A 11.The political situation in the region has deteriorated rapidly. A.improved B.changed C.worsened D.developed 参考答案：C 12.There was a simultaneous trial taking place in the next building. A.coexisting B.fair C.full D.pubic 参考答案：A 13.They're petitioning for better facilities for the disabled on public transport. A.requesting B.planning C.preparing D.looking 参考答案：A 14.He said some harsh words about his brother. A.unkind B.proper C.normal D.unclear 参考答案：A 15.We were attracted by the lure of quick money. A.amount
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A. revolutionary B. long-term C. short-term D. systematic 参考答案：A 5. It frustrates me that I‘m not able to put any of my ideas into practice. A. discourages B. shows C. surprises D. frightens 参考答案：A 6. I realized to my horror that I had forgotten the present. A. limit B. fear C. power D. fool 参考答案：B 7. He tried to assemble his thoughts. A. gather B. clear C. share D. spare
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2015年职称英语考试综合类B 级试题及参考答案
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D.moved 【参考答案】C 5.The symptoms of the disease manfested themselves ten days later. A.eased B.improved C.relieved D.appeared 【参考答案】D 6.The group does not advocate the use of violence A.limit B.support C.regulate D.oppose 【参考答案】B 7.She tell that she had done her good deed for the day. A.act B.homework C.jusuce D.model 【参考答案】A 8.Some of the larget bieds can remain stationary in the air for several minutes. A.motionless B.sitent C.seated D.true
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第1部分：词汇选项（第1?15题，每题1分，共15分） 下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1. I will not tolerate that sort of behavior in my class. A. control B. observe C. regulate D. accept 2.She showed a natural aptitude for the work. A. sense B. talent C. flavor D. taste 3. Most people find rejection hard to accept. A. excuse B. client C. refusal D. destiny 4. The organization was bold enough to face the press. A. pleased B. powerful C. brave D. sensible 5.They were locked in mortal combat. A. deadly B. open C. actual D. active 6. We were attracted by the lure of quick money. A. amount B. supply C. tempt D. sum 7. The procedures were perceived as complex and less transparent. A. clear B. necessary C. special D. correct 8. The Stock Exchange is in turmoil following a huge wave of selling. A. service B. danger C. disorder D. threat 9. He believes that Europe must change or it will perish. A. survive B. last C. die D. move 10.There was a simultaneous trial taking place in the next building. A. fair B. full C. coexisting D. public 11. They promote assimilation of ethnic groups into the main-stream culture. A. policy B. value C. equality D. integration 12. A salesman?s cardinal rule is to satisfy customers. A. principal B. official C. simple D. legal 13. I must compliment you on your handling of a very difficult situation. A. silence B. praise C. assure D. complain 14. We lived for years in a perpetual state of fear. A. emotional B. nervous C. terrible D. continuous 15.The starving children were a pathetic sight. A. common B. unexpected C. unforgettable D. pitiful 第2部分：阅读判断（第16?22题，每题1分，共7分） 下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。 Cities “Worse to Live in Than 20 Years Ago One thousand people were surveyed about a range of issues which affect cities, and the remarkable findings show that life in today?s mega-cities is so stressful that at least two-thirds of those currently living in big cities would like to relocate to the countryside or a small town. The stress of the getting from A to B in big cities is at the top of the list of problems. For many people, the daily commute (通勤）to work is a source of frustration. 40% of the people in the survey have suffered from road rage while stuck in traffic on the way to work. The cost of public
2015综合A真题及答案 第一部分词汇选项 1. I will not tolerate that sort of behavior in my class a. control b. observe c. regulate d. accept 2 .she showed a natural aptitude for the work. a. sense b. talent c. flavor d. taste 3. most people find rejection hard to accept. a. Excuse b. client c. refusal d. destiny 4. The organization was bold enough to face the press. a. Pleased b. powerful c. brave d. sensible 5. They were locked in mortal combat. a. Deadly b. open c. actual d. active 6. We were attracted by the lure of quick money. a. Amount b. supply c. tempt d. sum 7. The procedures were perceived as complex and less transparent. a. Clear b. necessary c. special d. correct 8. The stock exchange is in turmoil following a huge wave of selling. a. Service b. danger c. disorder d. threat 9 .He believed that Europe must change or it will perish. A. Survive b. last c. die d. move 10. There was a simultaneous trial taking place in the next building. a. Fair b. full c. coexisting d. public 11. They promote assimilation of ethnic groups into the main-stream culture. a. Policy b. value c. equality d. integration 12. A salesman’s cardinal rule is to satisfy customers. a. Principal b. official c. simple d. legal 13. I must compliment you on your handling of a very difficult situation. a. Silence b. praise c. assure d. complain 14. We lived for years in a perpetual state of fear. a. Emotional b. nervous c. terrible d. continuous 15. The starving children were a pathetic sight. a. Common b. unexpected c. unforgettable d. pitiful
2015职称英语考试真题及解析 【天宇考王】为广大考生归纳总结职称外语最新考试资讯，让考生最先了解职称外语考试报名等有关事项的通知，天宇考王是一款上机练习题库软件，有单机版、网页版、手机版、三位一体多平台学习模式。 词汇学习四每组词汇学习有15 道小题。在每道题的句子里都有一个加底线的词或短语，请在四个选项中找出与加底线的词或短语意义最相近的一项。 1．Many fine cooks insist on ingredients of the highest quality． A)demand B)rely on C)prepare for D)create 1．A insist on：坚持。与demand(要求；强求)意思比较接近。The Labour Party has demanded an explanation from the government．工党已要求政府作出解释。rely on：依靠。We have to rely on him for the tickets．我们不得不靠他搞票。prepare for：为……做准备。I have been preparing for the final exam．我一直在准备期末考试。create：产生；创建。His work created enormous interest in England．他的作品在英格兰引起很大关注。 2．Since the Great Depression，the United States government has protected farmers from damaging drops in grain prices. A)slight B)surprising C)sudden D)harmful 2．D damaging：有损害的。与harmful(有害的)意思相近。The rays of the sun，in excess，can be very harmful．过量的阳光可能会非常有害。slight：少量的。He has a slight German accent．他有一点德国口音。surprising：令人吃惊的。It was surprising that the little girl could answer this question．小女孩能回答这个问题，令人吃惊。sudden：突然的。There was a sudden drop in the temperature last night．昨夜气温突然下降。 3．Cement was seldom used in building during the Middle Ages. A)crudely B)rarely C)originally D)symbolically 3．B seldom：很少；不常。与rarely(难得；不常)意思相近。I rarely get up early on Sundays．星期天我很少早起。crudely：粗糙地；粗野地。Everyone was dressed in crudely sewn shorts and shirts．人人都穿着缝制得很粗糙的短裤和衬衫。originally：原来；创造性地。I stayed longer than I had originally planned．我逗留的时问比原来计划的要长。symbolically：象征性地：The park was decorated symbolically.公园只是象征性地装点了一下 4 Nerve signals may travel through nerve or muscle fibers at speeds as high as two hundred miles per hour. A)velocities B)impulses C)ratios D)atrocities 4．A speed：速度。与velocity(速度；快速)的意思相近。Scientists spent years studying the velocity of light．科学家们花了许多年研究光速。impulse：冲动。0n impulse，I went into the shop and bought this expensive watch．在一时冲动下，我走进商店，买下了这块昂贵的手表。ratio：比，比率。The ratio of pupils to teachers is 30 to 1．学生与教师之间的比例是30比1。
2015职称英语综合类B真题及答案(完整版) 第1部分词汇选项(第1~15题，每题1分，共15分) 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定一个意义最为接近的选项。 1. The organization was bold enough to face the press. A. pleased B. powerful C. brave D .sensible 2. I will not tolerate that sort of behavior in my class. A. accept B. control C. observe D. regulate 3. I realized to my horror that I had forgotten the present. A limit B. fear C. power D. fool 4. Most people find rejection hard to accept. A. excuse B. client C. destiny D. refusal 5. She's extremely competent and industrious. A. hardworking B. honest C. objective D. independent 6. The doctors did not reveal the truth to him.
A. hide B .handle C. disclose D. establish 7. He tried to assemble his thoughts. A. clear B. share C. gather D. spare 8. The law carries a penalty of up to three years in prison. A. message B. punishment C. guilt D. obligation 9. Prisoners were kept in the most appalling conditions. A. flexible B. terrible C. reasonable D. serious 10. These products are inferior to those we brought last year. A. poorer than B. narrower than C. larger than D. richer than 11. The political situation in the region has deteriorated rapidly. A. improved B. changed C. worsened D. developed 12. There was a simultaneous trial taking place in the next building. A. coexisting B. fair C. full D .pubic 13. They're petitioning for better facilities for the disabled on public transport.
2015年全国职称英语等级考试综合类B级真题及详解 第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分） 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有下画线，请为每处画线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1. I will not tolerate that sort of behaviour in my class. A. control B. accept C. observe D. regulate 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我绝不容许在我的课堂上出现这种行为。tolerate忍受，忍耐。accept接受，容许。二者意思相近,可相互替换。control控制。observe观察；遵守。regulate调节；规定。因此，本题正确答案为B。 2. The law carries a penalty of up to three years in prison. A. message B. punishment C. guilt D. obligation 【答案】B 【解析】句意：法律规定量刑最多为三年。penalty惩罚。punishment惩罚，处罚。二者
意思相近，可相互替换。message信息。guilt罪行；内疚。obligation责任。因此，本题正确答案为B。 3. These products are inferior to those we bought last year. A. poorer than B. narrower than C. larger than D. richer than 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这些产品比我们去年买的差。inferior to不如，次于。poorer than比……差。二者意思相近，可相互替换。narrower than比……窄。larger than比……大。richer than 比……富有。故答案为A项。 4. The organization was bold enough to face the press. A. pleased B. brave C. powerful D. sensible 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这个组织有足够的勇气面对媒体。bold大胆的，英勇的。brave勇敢的。二者意思相近，可相互替换。pleased高兴的，喜欢的。powerful有权势的，强有力的。sensible明智的，合乎情理的。因此，本题正确答案为B。
2015年职称英语考试试题 【天宇考王】为广大考生归纳总结职称外语最新考试资讯，让考生最先了解职称外语考试报名等有关事项的通知，天宇考王是一款上机练习题库软件，有单机版、网页版、手机版、三位一体多平台学习模式。 词汇学习十每组词汇学习有15 道小题。在每道题的句子里都有一个加底线的词或短语，请在四个选项中找出与加底线的词或短语意义最相近的一项。 1. It was hard to say why the man deserved such shabby treatment. A）unforgettable B）unbelievable C）unfair D）unthinkable 1. C shabby:不公正的；破旧的。与unfair（不公正的）意义相同。Her clothes were old and shabby.他过去穿的衣服既旧又破。Unforgettable:不会忘记的。A visit to Beijing is an unforgettable experience.去一次北京是一次不会忘记的经历。Unbelievable: It was an unbelievable moment when Du Li won the gold medal.杜丽获金牌之时大家高兴极了。Unthinkable:不可想象的。This place is going to be unthinkable without you.这里没有你不知道会变成什么样子。 2. The curious look from the strangers around her made her feel uneasy. A）difficult B）worried C）anxious D）unhappy 2. C 不要以为uneasy是easy的反义词，那样的话就会选difficult了。其实uneasy是“局促不安的，忧虑的，担心的”的意思，如：I felt uneasy about asking her for such a big favour.（求她帮我这么个大忙，我感到有点不安。）The very thought of the series of examinations lying ahead made her fell uneasy.（一想到等着她的一系列考试就让她感到心神不定。） 3. It is said that the houses along this street will soon be demolished. A）pulled down B）rebuilt C）renovated D）whitewashed 3. A demolish这个动词的意思就是“拆毁，毁掉，推翻”，故pull down是正确答案。其他几个选项均可和houses搭配，但意义和原句不同。rebuild是“重建”，renovate“修复，整修”，whitewash“粉刷”。 4. The advertising company was surprised by the adverse public reaction to the poster. A）delayed B）quick C）positive D）unfavorable 4. D adverse这个词的意思是“不利的，逆的”，如：adverse wind（逆风），adverse criticism （非难），adverse situation（不利的形势），adverse balance of trade（贸易逆差）。原句的意思是：广告公司对公众对招贴画的不利反应感到惊奇。在四个选项中adverse和unfavorable 同义。另外三个选项都可以用于修饰public reaction, delayed是“延误的”，quick“迅速的”，positive“正面的，肯定的”和adverse恰恰相反 5. He began his talk by giving a concise definition of post-modernism. A）long and detailed B）short and clear C）comprehensive D）professional 5. B concise的意思是“简明的”，如：a concise dictionary（一部简明词典）。long and detailed