英语高考中非谓语动词
考点解析
-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN
英语高考中非谓语动词考点解析
非谓语动词历来是高考考查的重点，对于非谓语动词，我们在平时的教学过程中要重点掌握的是什么呢？经过对近年高考试题的分析，我总结了以下一些主要的方面：
一、非谓语动词的概念
非谓语形式有三种：
1. 动词不定式：to do表示目的和将来
2. 动词的ing形式：doing表示主动和进行
3. 动词的ed 形式：done表示被动和完成
二、非谓语动词的时态和语态
一般式完成式进行式
不定式主动 to do to have done to be doing
被动 to be done to have been done
ing 形式主动 doing having done
被动 being done having been done
ed 形式被动 done
三、非谓语动词的做题步骤
1. 判定是否用非谓语形式。方法：看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了。
2. 找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。方法：非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。
3. 判断主被动关系。方法：非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。
4. 判断时间关系。方法：分析句子，看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是同时。之前常用 done; 之后常用to do; 同时常用doing。
四、非谓语动词的考点解析
总体来看，高考英语对非谓语动词的考查主要集中在六个方面。
考点一非谓语动词作宾语补足语
能作宾语补足语的非谓语动词有现在分词、过去分词和不定式。常接带to 不定式作宾补的动词(词组)有want,warn,wait for,ask,tell,cause,call
on,help,get,like,order,beg,allow,long for,
forbid,force,advise,know,encourage,teach,invite,permit,persuade等。常接无to不定式、现在分词和过去分词作宾补的动词(词组)有：
watch,observe,see,look,at,make,let,have,hear,listen to, notice,feel,discover。我们可以用来帮助记忆：4看3让3听1注意1感觉1发现。
【真题再现】
1. Listen! Do you hear someone _______ for help(2010年湖南卷)
A. calling
B. call
C. to call
D. called
2. Alexander tried to get his work _______ in the medical circles. (2010年辽宁卷)
A. to recognize
B. Recognizing
C. recognize
D. recognized
【解析】 1. A。本题考查感官动词后用非谓语动词作宾补的用法。感官动词后可跟do/doing/done 三种不同的非谓语作宾补。Hear sb. do sth. 强调听到整个动作的过程；hear sb. doing sth. 表示听到正在发生的事；而hear sth. done 则表示被动。根据someone 与call 的主动关系可排除D 项；因hear 后接不带to
的不定式，故排除C 项；由listen 可判断此处表示“有人正在求救”，故选A 项。2.D。宾语work 和recognize 之间存在被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。Get sth. done 表示“使某物被……”，题干的意思是：“亚历山大试图让他的工作在医学圈内得到认可。”
考点二非谓语动词作后置定语
作后置定语的非谓语动词有to do、doing、to be done、being done、done 五种。当非谓语动词与被修饰词之间构成主动关系时用to do或doing作定语，to do表示将来，doing表示现在；当非谓语动词与被修饰词之间构成被动关系时，则用to do/to be done、being done或done作定语。需要注意的是，to do 和to be done作定语表示被动时，如果句子中某一成分是该不定式的动作执行者，则选用to do；如果句子中没有该不定式的动作执行者，则用to be done作定语。例如：
(1) With a lot of difficult problems to settle, the manager felt worried all the time. (不定式to settle的动作执行者是主语the manager。)
(2) Please give me some books to read. (不定式to read的动作执行者是句中的me。)
(3) I'm going to the post office. Do you have anything to be sent (Send这个动作不是句中的you发出的，故用to be done的形式。)
【真题再现】
3. His first book _______ next month is based on a true story. (2010年陕西卷)
A. published
B. to be published
C. to publish
D. being published
4. The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and _______ less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat. (2010年浙江卷)
A. being weighed
B. to weigh
C. weighed
D. weighing
5. Mrs. White showed her students some old maps _______ from the library. (2010年全国卷I)
A. to borrow
B. to be borrowed
C. Borrowed
D. borrowing
【解析】3. B。Publish 与被修饰的名词book 之间构成被动关系，由时间状语next month 可知，所填的非谓语动词是表示将来的动作，应选择动词不定式，故排除A、D；又因题干中没有publish 的动作执行者，故用不定式的被动形式，选B。4. D。分析题干的主干成分可知，主语为the traffic rule，谓语动词是says，后面为宾语从句, 而宾语从句中的主干为young children must be in a child safety seat。由此可知，under the age of four and _______less than 40 pounds 用于修饰宾语从句中的主语children。此处考生易将weigh 与children 错误理解为被动关系，但实际上weigh 表示“称重”时应用主动形式表示被动意义，即sb. weighs ...，故排除A、C;又因此处并不表示将来，故排除B。因此D 为正确答案。5. C。由于borrow 和maps 是被动关系，故排除D；根据句意可知，borrow 这个动作已经发生了，故排除A、B。因此选C。
考点三非谓语动词作状语
能作状语的非谓语动词有to do,doing,having done,done,having been done 等。To do,doing和having done与句子主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，而done、having been done与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系。To do位于句首时常作目的状语，位于句尾时常用作目的、结果、原因状语等，而only to do常表示与
预料中的情况不一致或相反的结果；doing放在句首时常作时间、条件、原因状语等，位于句尾时常用作伴随、方式状语，也可作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果；当非谓语动词所表示的动作时间发生在主句动作时间之前时要用having done；done构成的短语作状语放在句首时常表示时间、原因、条件等，位于句子末尾时表示对前面的情况进行补充说明；而having been done则表示非谓语动词与其逻辑主语构成被动关系，且该动作发生在句子谓语动词所表示的动作之前。
【真题再现】
6. With Father's Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the bank _______ presents for my dad. (2010年全国I卷)A. buy B. to buy C. buying D. to have bought
7. _______ the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height. (2010年上海卷)
A. Approaching
B. Approached
C. To approach
D. To be approached
8. _______ from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees. (2010年陕西卷)
A. Seen
B. Seeing
C. Having seen
D. To see
【解析】6. B。题干的意思是：“父亲节将要到来，为了给爸爸买礼物我已经从银行里取了一些钱。”题干中空格划在名词后，空格及以后的部分说明了取钱的目的，因此此题考查非谓语动词作目的状语，应用带to 不定式，排除A、C；又因buy 这个动作不可能发生在take money 之前，故排除D。因此B 为正确答案。7. A。分析可知，非谓语动词approach 与we 之间形成主动关系，与谓语动词saw 形成伴随关系，故应使用其现在分词形式，表示正在进行或主动的动作，在句中作伴随状语。因此A为正确答案。8. A。此题中非谓语动词see 与逻辑主语the south foot of the mountain 是被动关系，应用see 的过去分词形式，排除B、D；又因see 的动作与主句动作并不存在时间上的先后关系，故排除C。因此A 为正确答案。
考点四连词+ 分词( 短语) 作状语
现在/过去分词(短语)经常可以用在一些连词(if、when、while、whenever、since、before、after、once、until、no matter how、however等)之后作状语，相当于状语从句的省略，此时主、从句的主语相同。
【真题再现】
9. The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if _______ regularly, can improve our health.(2010年浙江卷)
A. being carried out
B. carrying out
C. carried out
D. to carry out
【解析】C。分析可知，题干的主语是the experiment，谓语动词是shows，that 引导宾语从句，宾语从句的主干是proper amounts of exercise can improve our health，而if_______ regularly 则是插入的条件句。当条件从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，可省略从句中的主语，使用非谓语动词的形式作条件状语。此题中，由于carry out 的主语与improve 的主语都是exercise，故可以省略if 条件句中的主语，使用carry out 的非谓语动词形式。因carryout 与主语之间是被动关系，故排除B、D；又由于此处没有强调carry out 这个动作的正在进行之意，而是强调一般情况，即“如果( 我们) 定期地做( 适量运动)”，故排除A 选项。因此C 为正确答案。
考点五非谓语动词作表语
不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词均可用作表语。过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态，而现在分词作表语则表示主语所具有的特征。动名词作表语表示主语的具体内容时，主语和表语可以互换。
【真题再现】
10. In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained_______ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud. (2010年福建卷)
A. sticking
B. Stuck
C. to be stuck
D. to have stuck
【解析】B。由于我们见到的remain 后跟to do 的情况居多，如“remain to be seen ( 情况尚未明了) ”，所以此题有误选C 的可能。实际上，当remain 作系动词时，其后可接形容词、doing、done 和to be done 等多种形式作表语。根据题意“仍旧被困在国外”可知，此处表示的是旅客当时的状态，并不表示将来，故排除C、D；又因stick 与主语holidaymakers 之间是被动关系，故排除A。因此B 为正确答案。
考点六独立主格结构中的非谓语动词
独立主格结构由名词或代词加上分词短语构成，在句中作状语，用于修饰整个句子。该结构中的名词或代词与其后的非谓语动词短语构成逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系。需特别注意的是，独立主格结构与主句之间不能用并列连词和从句引导词连接，二者常用逗号隔开。独立主格结构可以转化为相应的状语从句，但不能转化为分词短语作状语，因为它内部动词的逻辑主语与主句主语不一致。“with +名词+非谓语动词”也属于独立主格结构，在做这类题目时一定要小心判断，不能粗心大意
【真题再现】
11. The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already ______ for a meal to be cooked. (2010年山东卷)
A. laid
B. laying
C. to lay
D. being laid
【解析】A。本题考with 复合结构的用法。With 复合结构的构成是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”。此题中table与lay之间是被动关系，故空格处用过去分词表被动，排除B、C；由already 可知，此处表示的是table“已经摆放好”的状态，而不是表示“正在摆放”的动作，排除D。故选A。
非谓语动词不仅是高考英语考查的热点之一，也是英语语法中的难点之一，但只要学生在平时的学习过程中不断归纳总结，再难的问题都会迎刃而解。
【英语】高考英语非谓语动词真题汇编(含答案) 一、单项选择非谓语动词 1．Jenny hopes that Mr Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English ________ in a short period. A．improved B．improving C．to improve D．improve 【答案】A 【解析】 宾语written English与improve之间为动宾关系，故用过去分词作宾补。 2．Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office, but our work _______, we refused his offer. A．not finishing B．had not been finished C．not having finished D．not finished 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：在这里，our work处在逗号位置，作整个句子的原因状语，这里应填非谓语动词。work和finish存在逻辑上的被动关系，所以应该用过去分词，故选D。 考点：独立主格结构的考查 点评：独立主格结构（Independent Genitive）由两部分组成，前一部份是名词或者代词，后一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、动名词和分词)或形容词、副词、或介词短语。前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。独立主格结构在句中做状语，多用于书面语。独立主格结构本身不是句子，在句子中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的等。 3．The rainforest is an amazing place, ________ with plants and animals that aren’t found anywhere else in the world. A．filling B．filled C．being filled D．to fill 【答案】B 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：热带雨林是一个令人惊讶的地方，充满了世界其他地方不能找到的动植物。固定词组：be filled with被……充满，此处place和fill之间是一种被动关系，所以用过去分词做伴随状态，故选B。 4．Workers have been working through the night ________ the bridge safe. A．made B．to make C．being made D．having made 【答案】B 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了使桥安全工人们整夜地工作。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，故选B。
最新高考英语谓语动词与非谓语动词 一、谓语动词与非谓语动词 英语实义动词根据其在句子中充当的成分可分为谓语动词 与非谓语动词。谓语动词在使用时，有时态，语态和主谓一致的语法形式变化。 主谓一致是指谓语动词要与其主语保持人称与数量的一致，谓语动词的语态有主动词语态与被动语态两种，当主语为动作的发出者或状态的引起者时，谓语动词用主动语态，当主语为动作的承受者或因外物引起的状态的时谓语动词用被 动语态。 非谓语动词，顾名思义就是指动词在句子中充当除谓语之外的语法成分。 非谓语动词没有人称与数量的限定，所以也称之为非限定动词。非限定动词有体态和语态两种形态变化。非限定动词的语态取决于非限定动词的逻辑主语，非限定动词作状语时，其逻辑主语为句子的主语；非限定动词作定语时，其逻辑主语为其修饰的那个词；非限定动词作宾语补语时其逻辑主语为宾语。在解非限定动词题时，先分析非限定动词在句子中
的语法成分，再确定其逻辑主语，根据逻辑主语来确定非限定动词的语态。 如果非限定动词与其逻辑主语之间为被动关系，一般体中过去分词可以表被动，若用不定式则需用被动式(to be done)，若用现在分词也需用被动式(being done)。 二、2020年高考对谓语与非谓语动词的考查如下： 2020(全国1卷) ①The unmanned Chang'e-4 probe (探测器) ─ the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess─ (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. 做谓语动词touched（一般过去时、主动语态） ②Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang'e-4 (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. 做非谓语动词to find（不定式做状语） ③Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, ＂because it (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon
武汉市2014高考英语单项选择训练（21）及答案解析 1．He left ______ with my secretary that he would call again in the afternoon.He said he would keep ______. A． word；his word B．words；his words C．word；word D．the word；his word 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：考查名词和短语：word做为“消息，口信”时不加冠词.ke ep/break one’s word 信守/违背诺言为固定结构，句意：他给秘书留了口信，说他下午会再打电话的，他说会信守诺言的。选A。 考点：考查名词和短语 点评：这题主要考查的是word的用法，除了“单词”，word还可以做“消息，诺言”讲，还有和word有关的短语，也是记忆的重点，特别是word的单复数，冠词的搭配，都是记忆时要注意的。 2．I looked for my pen for a long time last night，but it ______ in my pocket this morning. How strange! A．turned out B．turned on C．turned up D．turned down 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：考查词组：A．turned out结果是B．turned on打开C．turned up出现D．turned down调低，拒绝，句意：昨晚我找了钢笔很长时间，但今天早上出现在我的口袋里。多奇怪啊。选C。 考点：考查短语辨析 点评：本题的四个短语都是高考常考点，由turn加上不同的介词，副词构成的动词短语，但词义不同，注意区分使用的所有情况。Turn up除了“出现”的意思，还有“把声音调大”的意思。 3．Life is___,but there is no limit_____. A.limited，to learn B. limit，to learn
历届高考英语单项选择题精选（三）冠词-英语试题 1.Alice is fond of playing ____ piano while Herry is interested in listening to _____ music. A./ , the B./ , / C.the ,/ D.the , the(89) 2.Beyond _____ stars, the astronaut saw nothing but _______ space. A.the , / B./ ,the C./ ,/ D.the , the(90) 3.Alexander Graham Bell invent _____ telephone in 1876. A. / B.a C.the D.one (91) 4.—-Where’s Jack? --I think he’s still in ____ bed, but he might just be in ______ bathroom. A./ ,/ B.the , the C.the,/ D./ , the(92)
people are still in _______ bahit of writing silly things in ______ public places. A.the , the B./ , / C.the , / D./ , the(93) 6.She is __________ newcomer to ________ chemistry, but she has already made some important discoveries. A.the, the B.the ,/ C.a , / D.a , the(94) 7.—-I’d like ____ information about the managemnet of you hotel , please. --Well , yopu could have ____ word with the manager. He might be helpful. A.some , a B.an , some C.some , some D.an ,a(95) 8.Many people agree that _______ knowledge of English is a must in _______ international trade today. A.a , / B.the , an C.the , the D./ , the(96)
高考英语非谓语动词知识点全集汇编及解析(6) 一、选择题 1．The boss __________ during working hours and all the workers __________ in that company. A．forbids smoking; are forbidden to smoke B．forbids to smoke; are forbidden to smoke C．forbids smoking; forbid from smoking D．forbids to smoke; are forbidden from smoking 2．The car moved so fast the it went through the highway-dividing fence, ________ in a collision in which five people died. A．to result B．resulting C．resulted D．having resulted 3．It is easy ________ the consequences of unchecked plant disease: food shortage could kill millions of people and cause unrest in the world. A．imagine B．to be imagined C．imagining D．to imagine 4．After a long journey across the whole of Europe from north to south, they found themselves _________out as well as their clothes. A．wear B．wore C．wearing D．worn 5．Last night, there were millions of people ______________ the opening ceremony live on TV. A．watch B．to watch C．watched D．watching 6．As far as I’m concerned, this book deserves ______ several times. A．being read B．to read C．reading D．read 7．Rose couldn't stand . A．being made fun of B．making fun of C．to make fun of D．being made fun 8．At last the boy had no choice but ________ the bread from the supermarket. A．admit to have stolen B．admit having stolen C．to admit to have stolen D．to admit having stolen 9．____________ with a difficult situation, the Chinese government is taking immediate measures to control the prices, which have been growing too quickly. A．To face B．Having faced C．Faced D．Facing 10．Pressed from his parents, and ____ that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games. A．realizing B．realized C．to realize D．being realized 11．—Did you have a good time at the party? —Thanks. I appreciated______to your home. A．to be invited B．to have invited C．being invited D．having invited 12．The next morning she found the man ___________ in bed, dead. A．lying B．lie C．lay D．laying 13．________ good, the food was sold out soon. A．Tasting B．Tasted C．Being tasted D．Taste
高考英语非谓语动词用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择非谓语动词 1．The rainforest is an amazing place, ________ with plants and animals that aren’t found anywhere else in the world. A．filling B．filled C．being filled D．to fill 【答案】B 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：热带雨林是一个令人惊讶的地方，充满了世界其他地方不能找到的动植物。固定词组：be filled with被……充满，此处place和fill之间是一种被动关系，所以用过去分词做伴随状态，故选B。 2．115．______ his love, Chris sent his mom a thank-you note on Mother’s Day. A．Expressing B．Expressed C．To express D．Having expressed 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：为了表达他的爱，克里斯在母亲节那天给他的妈妈寄了一条感谢信。用不定式表目的，故选C。 3．After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress, Anne Benedict went on all the people who had helped in her career. A．to thank B．thanking C．having thanked D．to have thanked 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：句意：在获得奥斯卡最佳女配角后，Anne Benedict继续感谢所有帮助她演绎生涯的人。go on to do继续做不同的事情，所以选A。 考点：考查不定式 【名师点睛】不定式有一些具体的用法，可以做宾语，定语，状语。还有不定式的不同形式：to do；to be doing；to have done。这题要注意go on to do“继续做不同的事情”和go on doing“继续做相同的事情”的区别。结合语境是关键。 4．Pressed from his parents, and ____ that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games. A．realizing B．realized C．to realize D．being realized 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：被父母迫使同时自己也意识到他已经浪费了太多时间，这个男孩决定停止玩电脑游戏。首先要弄清楚本句中的and连接的成分是非谓语
历年高考英语易错题难题好题汇编及解析 Zhicheng Professional Middle School，Sichuan Province Xiong Yunhua 1、Stop making so much noise ____ the neighbor will start complaining. A、or else B、but still C、and then D、so that 选A 。or else意为“要不然，否则”。 2、We hope to go to the beach tomorrow, but we won't go ____ it's raining. A、if B、when C、though D、because 选A 考查连词。根据语境用if引导条件状语从句。 3、——The weather is too cold ____ March this year. ——It was still ____ when I came here years ago. A、for; colder B、in; cold C、in; hot D、for; hotter 选A 本题考查考生运用介词和比较级的能力。For在这里是“就……而言”的意思，而第二个选项要抓住信息词still 在此处的妙用，它是用来修饰比较级的，加上上文的cold，在此处就不难选择colder了。 4、——How much vinegar did you put in the soup ——I'm sorry to say, ____. I forget. A、no B、no one C、nothing D、none 选D 本题考查不定代词的本意区别及其与语境综合运用。此处none指的是not any vinegar，也就是说，此处可以这样理解：I'm sorry to say that I didn't put any vinegar in the soup, because I forgot it. 5、He is only too ready to help others, seldom, ____, refusing them when they turn to him. A、if never B、if ever C、if not D、if any 选B 本题考查考生在语境中灵活运用、辨析短语用法的能力，此处seldom，if ever是一个短语，是“从不，决不”的意思。 6、——What should I wear to attend his wedding party ——Dress ____ you like. A、what B、however C、whatever D、how 选B 本题however you like相当于in whatever way you like，根据语境，不难判断出B为正确答案。 7、——The research on the new bird flu virus vaccine is challenging and demanding. Who do you think can do the job ——____ my students have a try A、Shall B、Must C、Will D、May 选A 本题考查情态动词shall在主语是第二、三人称时，作为征求意见的用法。。 8、I'd like to live somewhere ____ the sun shines all year long. A、which B、that C、where D、in which 选C 考查连接词。Where引导地点状语从句。 9、I ____ to go for a walk, but someone called and I couldn't get away.
非谓语动词专练100题 1. The great hall was crowded with many people, _____ many children _____on their parents’ laps. A. including; seated B. including; seating C. included; sat D. included; sitting 2. It’s said that the Olympic Games _____ in Beiji ng in 2008 will cover more events than any other Olympics did. A. holding B. to be held C. held D. to be holding 3. _____ for a long time, most of the crops in this area died from lacking water. A. Being no rain B. There was no rain C. To be no rain D. There being no rain 4. Yesterday a street-beggar bought a lottery ticket purposelessly, _____ him a millionaire overnight. A. making B. makes C. to make D. made 5. In the face of the big fire in October in California, many people in the fire-stricken areas moved out _____. A. to escape burning B. to escape being burned C. escaping burned D. escaping from burning 6. Taking this medicine, if _____, will of course do good to his health. A. continued B. to continue C. continues D. continuing 7. The little boy still needs the _____ 20 dollars to do with some things _____. A. remaining; remained to be settled B. remaining; remaining to be settled C. remained; remained to settle D. remained; remaining to settle 8. _____ his age, the little boy read quite well. A. Considering B. Considered C. Consider D. Having considered 9. _____ from the appearance, it is very peaceful; but in fact, a war will break out soon. A. Judged B. Judging C. Having judged D. To judge 10. —Tom enjoys _____ basketball on Sunday afternoons, doesn’t he? — Yes, he does. But what his sister enjoys _____. A. to play; dancing B. playing; to dance C. to play; to dance D. playing; is to dance 11. His letter, _____ to the wrong number, reached me late. A. having been addressed B. to have addressed C. to have been addressed D. being addressed 12. The Space Shuttle Columbia broke into pieces over Texas as it returned to the earth on February 1, 2003, _____ all seven astronauts aboard. A. having killed B. killing C. being killed D. killed 13. There are lots of places of interest _____ in our city. A. needs repairing B. needing repaired C. needed repairing D. needing to be repaired 14. — What caused the party to be put off? — _____ the invitations. A. Tom delayed sending B. Tom’s delaying sending C. Tom delaying to send D. Tom delayed to send 15. I was afraid _____ to my customers because I was afraid _____ them. A. of talking back; to lose B. of talking back; of losing C. to talk back; to lose D. to talk back; of losing 16. Standing on the top of the hill, I would not do anything but _____ the flowing of the smog
谓语动词一直以来都是高考英语语法填空题的必考点。这一考点涉及到时态、语态和主谓一致，尤其是时态。今天小编将近五年高考题中语法填空题涉及的谓语动词进行总结，希望可以为同学们解答这一类题型提供助力。 一、近五年高考英语语法填空谓语动词总结 ▲ 2019年 全国 I 卷 In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 65 (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a belief that populations are increasing. Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six 70 (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. 全国 II 卷
Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” aw ard, proud Irene 64 (declare) she had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 66 (make) over the years. 全国 III 卷 Our hosts shared many of their experiences and 65 (recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit. On the last day of our week-long stay, we 69 (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, listening to musicians and meeting interesting locals. 浙江卷 One study in America found that students’ grades 62 (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms.
历年全国高考英语介词试题汇总及答案 一、单项选择介词 1．Maybe some of you are curious about what my life was like on the streets because I’ve never really talked about it ______. A．in place B．in turn C．in force D．in depth 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：也许你们中的一些人对我在街上的生活是什么样子很好奇，因为我从未真正深入地谈论过它。A. in place就位，适当的；B. in turn反过来，轮流地；C. in force有效地；D. in depth深入地，全面地。根据语境“一些人对我在街上的生活很好奇”，是因为我没有“深入（in depth）”谈论过，故选D。 2．Elizabeth has already achieved success_____her wildest dreams. A．at B．beyond C．within D．upon 【答案】B 【解析】 Elizabeth做梦也没想都会成功。Beyond 超过。其他词义不符。 3．We’re planning to send out a thousand invitations_______Expovolunteers. A．over B．in C．on D．to 【答案】D 【解析】 4．Would you mind not picking the flowers in the garden? They are __________everyone's enjoyment. A．in B．at C．for D．to 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查介词。句意：不要摘花园里的花行吗？它们是供大家欣赏的。此处表示目的，“为了”的意思，故用介词for。短语to everyone's enjoyment“让大家开心的是……”，只做状语；短语for everyone's enjoyment“为了每个人的快乐”。故选C。 5．Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes animals both on land and sea? A．about B．to C．with D．over
非谓语动词 非谓语动词（一）——动词不定式 动词不定式、分词(现在分词，过去分词)和动名词统称为非谓语动词。现代英语将现在分词和动名词合为一大类叫作v + ing形式。这些动词的形式不能在句中单独作谓语用，因而没有语法主语。但可以有逻辑主语。由于没有语法主语，也就不受人称和数的限定，因为不是谓语，也就没有时态和语态，但这些词仍能表示动作和状态，所以仍有表示与其他动词相对时间关系的形式。由于与其它词有逻辑上的主谓关系，因此也有表示主、被动的形式，同时也有自己的宾语和状语，一起构成非谓语动词的短语(动词不定式短语，分词短语，动名词短语)。动词不定式、过去分词及v-ing形式在句中均不能作谓语用，所以叫做非谓语动词。 （一）动词不定式：动词不定式由―to+ 动词原形‖构成，如：to study, to play，动词不定式虽然不能作谓语动词用，但仍留着动词的特征，它可以带有所需要的宾语或状语而构成动词不定式短语，如：to study hard, to play table tennis。 2、动词不定式的基本用法：动词不定式能起名词、形容词和副词的作用，可在句中作主语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语用，如： （1）作主语：To help each other is good.（动词不定式作主语时，一般可用it作形式主语，而将作主语的动词不定式置于句末，如：It is good to help each other. （2）作表语：My job is to drive them to the power station every day. 动词不定式在系动词be之后作表语，与表示将来时的be + 动词不定式结构有所区别，如：Our plan is to set up another middle school for the peasants’ children.我们的计划是给农民子弟再成立一所中学。（句中的谓语动词为is，动词不定式to set up… 为表语，主语为plan，但plan并不是动词不定式的逻辑主语，即动词不定式to set up所表示的动作不是主语plan产生的。）We are to set up another middle school for the peasants’ children.我们将为农民的子弟再成立一所中学。（句中的are to set up整个结构为句中谓语，主语为we，同时也是动词不定式to set up所表示的动作的逻辑主语，即动词不定式to set up所表示的动作是由we产生的）。 （3）作宾语：①作及物动词的宾语，如：She wishes to be a musician.；②作某些形容词的宾语：可以有动词不定式为宾语的形容词一般有glad, sorry, afraid, pleased, determined, willing, eager, anxious, ready, sure等，如：I am determined to give up smoking.；③动词不定式一般不作介词的宾语，但动词不定式之前如有疑问词时，就可作介词的宾语，如：Can you give us some advice on what to do next? （4）作宾语补足语，如：Tell the children not to play on the street. 如果句中的谓语动词为see, hear, watch, notice, have, make, let等，作宾语补足语的动词不定式须将to省去，如：I saw a little girl run across the street. （5）动词不定式在句中作宾语，如带有宾语补足语时，须先用it作形式宾语，而将该动词不定式后置，如：I don’t think it right to do it that way. （6）作定语：动词不定式作定语时，须位于被其修饰的名词或代词之后，如：Is this the best way to help him? 和定语用的动词不定式如果是不及物动词，不定式后面就要用必要的介词，如：He is the man to depend on. 如果被不定式修饰的名词为place, time, way，不定式后面的介词，习惯上可以省去，如：The old man is looking for a quiet place to live. （7）作状语：动词不定式可以作下列的状语：①目的状语：Every morning he gets up very early to read English. 为了强调不定式表示目的的作用，可在不定式前加in order to或so as to（以便或为了），但应注意in order to位于句首或句中均可，而so as to不能位于句首，如：She reads China Daily every day in order to (so as to) improve her English. 将表示目的的不定式置于句首，也可强调目的的作用，如：To master a foreign language, one must work hard at it. ②结果状语：They lived to see the liberation of their home town.他们活到亲眼见到了他们家乡的解放。③too + 形容词或副词+ 动词不定式，表示―足能…‖的结果，如：You are old enough to take care of yourself now. 3、复合结构不定式：由for + 名词（或代词宾格）+ 动词不定式即构成复合结构的动词不定式。其中for
2014年高考英语试题单项选择解析（安徽卷） 21．—Reading is the best way to pass time on the train. —______, I never go traveling without a book. A．You are joking B．That's true C．I don't think so D．It sounds like fun 【答案】B 【解析】考查交际用语。You are joking意为“你在开玩笑吧”！That's true意为“那是真的，的确如此”；I don't think so意为“我不这么认为”；It sounds like fun意为“听起来很有趣”。句意：——在火车上，看书是消磨时间的最好方法。——的确如此。外出旅游我一定会带书。根据句意可知，后者同意前者的看法。故B正确。 22．The exact year______ Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008. A. When B. where C. why D. which 【答案】D 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：安吉拉与他的家人一起在中国度假的年份2008年。定语从句的先行词是the exact year，它定语从句中作动词spent的宾语，所以用关系代词which引导定语从句。故D正确。 23．The twins, who______ their homework, were allowed to play badminton on the playground. A. will finish B. finish C. have finished D. had finished 【答案】D 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：已经完成家庭作业，这对双胞胎允许在操场上打羽毛球。根据句意可知他们完成作业是在被允许到操场上打羽毛球之前。过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。根据句意可知，finish是过去动作(were allowed)之前已完成的动作，所以用过去完成时。故D正确。24．You can ask anyone for help. ______ here is willing to lend you a hand. A. One B. No one C. Everyone D. Someone 【答案】C 【解析】考查代词。句意：你可以向任何人求助，这里的每个人都乐意帮助你。one意为“某一个人或物”，代替可数名词单数，表示泛指；no one相当于nobody意为“没有人”；everyone 意为“每个人”，强调全体；someone意为“某一个人”。根据句意可知，空格处用everyone，强调所有人都愿意帮助你。故C正确。 25．The meaning of the word "nice' changed a few times______ it finally came to include the sense "pleasant."
试题一名词1?.（ＮＭET2003北京春季, ２８）Ｔhｅmanａgeｒhas gｏｔa good ｂusiness _＿_＿___ ｓo tｈe cｏｍpanｙis doｉng well。 Ａ.idea B。seｎse C．ｔｈoｕght D。tｈinking?２。(NMＥT 2001北京春季,21）Tｈｅ_______ ｉs jｕst ａｒound ｔhe cornｅr ａnd you ｗon’t mｉss it. Ａ.bicｙcle'sｓｈｏp B。ｂicycle shoｐ?C．ｂiｃycleｓｓhop Ｄ.ｂicycｌｅs’ shop?３。(200０上海，33) Ｗｈaｔhｅhａs dｏne iｓfaｒfrｏm _＿_____。 A.satisfacｔorｙB。ｓatisfieｄC.satiｓfactｉon D.satisfy4?.(NMET199８，２１）Y ｏu'll finｄthis map of ｇｒeａt _＿__＿＿_ in helping ｙou to geｔroｕｎdＬon ｄｏｎ. Ａ。ｐrice B。cosｔＣ。ｖaｌｕe D．usefulｎｅss5?．(1９98上海, ２6）Yｏｕｃａｎtaｋｅａs many as you ｌｉｋe becaｕse they are fｒee oｆ______＿. A。ｆaｒe Ｂ.ｃharge C。ｍoney D．ｐay6?。（1998上海，29）A ＿＿＿____ will ｂe offered tｏiｎformaｔioｎleading to tｈｅarresｔ（逮捕) oｆｔhｅｂａnk ｒｏbbｅｒ.?A。prｉcｅB。find Ｃ.ｒeward D.ｐrofｉt?７.(1998上海，32）Ｄｏyou ｋｎow the _＿__＿__ of the saｙiｎｇI just quoted ?A。soｕrce B．reｓouｒcｅC.c ｏｕｒseＤ.causｅ8?。（NMＥＴ1997, 1８) Iｆby any chance soｍeone comes tｏsｅe me, aｓk thｅm to lｅａvｅa _____＿＿。 A．message Ｂ。leｔtｅr C。sｅntence Ｄ.nｏtice9?。(１９97上海, 20) Ｔhose footｂa ｌl playerｓhad ｎo ｓｔrict ＿__＿_＿＿until thｅｙｊoｉned our cluｂ． A。ｐｒａcｔice B。eｄｕcation Ｃ.exｅrcise D.tｒainiｎg 10。(NMＥT1996, 1０) Ｉ’ｌl loｏk into the maｔtｅr as ｓｏon as pｏsｓiｂle。Ｊusｔｈａveａlittle___＿___. A。wａit B。ｔｉme C.ｐatieｎcｅＤ.resｔ11?.（199６上海, 17）Many countrｉeｓare increaｓing thｅir uｓe ｏf natｕraｌgaｓ，winｄａｎｄother foｒｍs of ____＿__。?A。eｎergｙB。source Ｃ。powｅr D.mａｔerial 1２.(ＮMＥT 199５, ４0) He gainｅd hｉｓ＿_＿____by printing ____＿__ ｏf fａmoｕs wrｉｔers。?A。weaｌth；work Ｂ．ｗealths；ｗoｒks C.wｅalths；wｏrk D。wealｔh; ｗoｒkｓ 13.（NMEＴ1994, 33）Here'ｓmy card。Let’s ｋeｅpｉn＿______。?A。tｏｕch Ｂ。relation C.cｏnnectｉｏn D。fｒｉendship1?４.(199４上海。２8) Soｍｅｆａmoｕs singｅrs ｌｉvｅoｎｔhe _______from their ｒeｃoｒd sａles. A。salary B.ｖａlue C．ｂiｌl D．incoｍｅ ●答案解析 1。答案:B?解析：a gｏod bｕsiｎesｓsensｅ良好的商业意识。 2。答案：B 解析:表示什么样的商店要用单数名词修饰shｏｐ。自行车商店就在拐角处，你不会错过它．3.答案：C 解析:句中fｒom是介词,后接名词。他所做的事离满意还差得远.ｓatiｓｆactory是形容词，意为"令人满意的”;ｓatisｆｉｅd是过去分词，可作为形容词使用，意为”感到满意的”；satiｓｆy是动词，意为"使……满意”. 4.答案:C?解析:vａlue价值。这张地图在帮助你游览伦敦方面很有价值.price和coｓｔ表价格;ｕsefulness有用. 5.答案:Ｂ?解析:be frｅe ｏf charge是固定搭配,”免费"。你愿意拿多少就拿多少,因为它们