Book One
Unit One
Passage One
Directions: You will have 10 minutes to read this passage quickly and answer the following questions from A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.
Chinese Alcohol
An important part of Chinese culture, the use of alcohol can be traced back to the dawn of the nation’s history. Over the centuries many different kinds of alcoholic drinks have been developed and brewing (酿造) methods as well as distillation (蒸馏) has become more sophisticated. At the same time the way of enjoying these desirable products has become a vital part of custom and culture.
Alcoholic beverages have inspired many writers resulting in thousands of poems and other works relating to “the magic elixir” (长生不老药). People drink it when they are joyous and for fun. No formal dinner would be complete without it, while a toast can seal a business enterprise, send troops into battle with a prayer for victory as well as express a wish for the health and happiness of family and friends. One of the classic examples of the ceremonial use of alcohol is described in the famous story Romance of the Three Kingdoms. The three heroes in the tale, become blood brothers by drinking bowls of wine into which they have mixed drops of their own blood from cuts in their fingers. This act may seem extreme but was a symbol of faithfulness in those days.
The symbolic serving and drinking of wine on various occasions and in different places can convey many meanings. It can express either joy or sorrow. In China, there is a saying that “a thousand cups of wine is not too much when bosom friends meet together”, which indicates the happiness between two close friends; whereas a poem by Li Bai, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty (618 - 907), says, “releasing melancholy by wine, but adding more,” suggested a touch of sadness. There are frequent references to wine in well-known legends, as for example—“to taste the sweet osmanthus (木犀属植物) wine on the moon, produced by the beautiful fairy Chang’e when she felt lonely, is everyone’s dream”.
Nearly all important occasions are celebrated with alcohol. The Spring Festival, which is a favorite time for family party, is probably one of the most meaningful when happiness is expressed by social drinking. During the Double Ninth Festival, people drink chrysanthemum (菊花) wine to drive away the evil and to wish their elders good health and long life. Of course, no wedding ceremony is complete unless the happy couple expresses their love for each other by linking their arms to drink to their future happiness (jiaobeijiu), after which they offer a dutiful toast to their parents to thank them for the care they have given to them as children. Similarly, birthday celebrations and the ceremony to mark the 100th day following the birth of a baby will be celebrated with a toast of wine. In South China, when a baby girl is born, her parents will brew alcohol for her, bury it underground and keep it until she marries. Then they take the jar up and paint pleasant pictures upon it to give greetings.
Each ethnic group has some form of alcoholic drink with which to celebrate special festivals.
For example, around the Spring Festival, Korean people drink their “suijiu” to which they add rice, root of the balloon flower, cinnamon (肉桂) and, red chili and so on, to protect themselves from demons.
When drinking wine at table, both the host and the guests are expected to follow certain rules of manners and behavior.
The glass should be full of wine, or else the guest will think they are lacking due respect. The elders and superior person or persons present should always be served first.
A toast represents respect, while refusing to participate in a toast shows a lack of politeness or respect. Should a guest be really unable to take a drink, he has to find another to do it for him in order to save face.
When making a toast, everyone is required to stand and lightly touch each others’ cup, ensuring that the junior’s cup is held lower than that of their superior. The cup should be emptied and inverted to show that no wine remains. Drinking with a single draught symbolizes courage. Those who cannot manage to do so should explain in advance in order to receive a kindly understanding of their situation and thus ensure that no one is offended.
(714 words) Questions
1. Chinese alcohol .
A) has a history more than a century
B) is developing rapidly
C) is enjoyed in more sophisticated ways than the westerners
D) is an important part of Chinese culture
2. The act of the three heroes in Romance of the Three Kingdoms is a symbol of in
those days.
A) faithfulness B) courage C) happiness D) willingness
3. Li Bai’s poem mentioned in the third paragraph expresses .
A) sadness B) joy C) loneliness D) sorrow
4. parents will brew alcohol for their baby girl for future use.
A) During the Spring Festival B) In South China
C) On the wedding ceremony D) During the Double Ninth Festival
5. Which of the following is NOT mentioned when people make a toast?
A) E veryone is required to stand and lightly touch each others’ cup.
B) The elders and superiors should hold the cups higher.
C) People should ensure that the junior’s cup is held lower than that of their superior.
D) Those who cannot drink with a single draught should explain in advance.
Notes
1. Romance of the Three Kingdoms:《三国演义》
Passage Two
Directions: In this part,y ou will have 10 minutes to go over the passage quickly and decide questions 1-8 according to the passage. If it is true you fill “T” in the
parenthesis, if not or false fill “F” in parenthesis before the sentence.
Zhang Yimou—A Creative Genius
On the eighth day of the eighth month of 2008, 2 billion TV viewers and thousands in attendance in the now famous Bird’s Nest enjoyed an unforgettable sight at the opening ceremonies of the Beijing Olympic Games.
Behind it all was the creative genius of Chinese film director Zhang Yimou. Drawing from the depths of the Chinese culture and creativity of the Chinese people, showing ancient Chinese inventions—paper, printing, gunpowder, ceramics and the compass—that have shaped civilization and channeling the sensibility and spirit that unite his fellow 1.3 billion citizens, Zhang told China’s story to a watching world. He created arguably the grandest sight of the new millennium, and it was viewed by nearly one-third of the world’s population. With this work, Zhang obtained a high position shared by very few film directors in the world.
In telling China’s story, Zhang explored the Chinese character he, or peaceful harmony—an ideal extremely important to Chinese culture. This level of creative artistry is rare in the controlled field of filmmaking, let alone in a multidimensional arena (多维的舞台) with thousands of performers and visual set pieces that seemed to be impossible—yet it was all happening live, before the eyes of the world.
There is much legend surrounding Zhang’s rise to his world fame, given that his first job was as a farmhand and then a laborer in a cotton mill. But the story I enjoy most is that he gave blood over a period of months to earn enough money to buy his first camera. He was 25. When the Beijing Film Academy reopened in 1978 after the Cultural Revolution, he was 27, already considered too old to become a filmmaker and lacking many of the necessary credits. Bravely, he offered his photographic works and was admitted to the department of cinematography.
Zhang became a filmmaker, and for the past two decades, he has inspired the world’s interest with China through his films. Not since the great British director Michael Powell has a director used color so effectively to tell stories. In Red Sorghum(1987), Ju Dou(1990) and one of his greatest works, Raise the Red Lantern (1991), the vivid use of red in the manufacturing of wine, the traditional wedding gown, the process of dyeing silk and even the dark red splashes of blood illuminate Zhang’s celebration of life, exoticism and death. Ju Dou was the first Chinese film to be nominated for an Academy Award; Raise the Red Lantern was the second.
Zhang also brought the actress Gong Li to prominence, casting her in starring roles in six of his films. Together they are credited with introducing sensuality and eroticism to Chinese cinema. Western audiences are probably familiar with Zhang more from his action films: Hero(2002), House of Flying Daggers (2004) and his most Shakespearean work, Curse of the Golden Flower (2006).
Zhang was no stranger to live theatrical events either. In 1998 he staged and directed Puccini’s opera Turandot at the Forbidden City in Beijing. He directed a folk musical in 2003 and staged it outdoors on the Li River. In 2006 he direct ed Tan Dun’s The First Emperor for New York City’s Metropolitan Opera.
All this work and its complexity should have prepared me for the depth and breadth of Zhang’s vision, apparent even in its early stages wh en he first met me in 2005 about the Beijing ceremonies. We met on a sunny afternoon in East Hampton, New York, and I knew immediately we were going to become good friends. With the description of his idea on his computer, he showed me what he was thinking. I realized Zhang would be the creator-director of the Olympic ceremonies, with the honor of putting on what would become the greatest show on earth, with China at center stage. I was honored to have been one of the first people inspired by Zhang’s ideas.
At the heart of Zhang’s Olympic ceremonies was the idea that the conflict of man foretells the desire for inner peace. This theme is one he’s explored and perfected in his films, whether they are about the lives of humble peasants or great nobles. This year he captured the theme of harmony and peace, which is the spirit of the Olympic Games. In one evening of visual and emotional splendor, he educated, enlightened and entertained us all. In doing so, Zhang secured himself a place in world history.
(746 words) True or False
( ) 1. The Beijing ceremonies showed the Chinese culture, creativity of the Chinese people and the quick development of China to the world.
( ) 2. The opening ceremonies were viewed by nearly one-third of the world’s population. ( ) 3. The Chinese character he means peaceful harmony.
( ) 4. Not until he was 25, was Zhang Yimou admitted to the department of cinematography. ( ) 5. Zhang Yimou’s Raise the Red Lantern was the first Chinese film to be nominated for an Academy Award.
( ) 6. Gong Li became world famous by starring 7 of Zhang Yimo’s films.
( ) 7. Zhang Yimou once discussed the Beijing ceremonies with the author in the USA in 2005. ( ) 8. The theme of harmony and peace is also the spirit of the Olympic Games.
Passage Three
Direction:In this part, you’ll h ave 15 minutes to read the passage quickly and answer the questions followed. For questions 1-7, mark Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with
the information given in the passage. N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the
information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not
given in the passage.
The Mystery of Stonehenge
For hundreds of years people have wondered about Stonehenge (英国的史前巨石柱), the great circle of huge stones on the Salisbury Plains in southern England. Who built it? How did they do it? And, most puzzling of all, why?
The word Stonehenge means “the hanging stones.” We do not know who gave the place this name, but it is a good one. Some of the stone pillars (柱子) still stand, just as they did almost 4, 000 years ago. Across the top of a few of the pillars, connecting one to another, are smaller stones that seem to hang in space.
Some people thought that Stonehenge was an old Roman temple. Others said that it was the work of Merlin, the wizard of King Arthur’s court. Still others said that it was built by Druids, religious leaders of the people who lived in England not long before the time of Jesus. In each case, people suggested the earliest groups that they knew about. Today we know more about prehistoric times, and we do not put Stonehenge into the earliest period we know.
Scientists have done a great deal of digging at Stonehenge and at hundreds of other old stone circles around the English countryside. Joining each small piece of information together, they came up with a remarkable story.
About 2300 B.C. a group of people came from the European continents to what is now England. The people in England before them lived by hunting, but the newcomers were farmers and herders. Using deer antlers (鹿角) for picks, they built huge round corrals (畜栏) with sides of heaped earth.
About 2000 B. C. another group of people came from Europe. They began to use the corrals as temples and meeting places. Around 1850 B. C. these people started work on what was to become Stonehenge.
About 150 years later a third group of people arrived. They have been called the Beaker people because much of their pottery (陶器) looked like the containers called beakers that chemists use.
The Beakers became very wealthy and began to build up Stonehenge. They added a huge avenue to the circle and decided to bring stone blocks from Wales to place inside the circle.
They chose eighty stones that weigh up to 5, 400 kilograms (six tons) each. As far as we know, these people had no wheels or animals to carry loads. They had to pull the stones by using large round wood as rollers. The Beakers must have taken the stones most of the way by water. It would be far easier to float them on rafts than to drag them over the hilly country. But a raft big enough to carry such stones on the ocean would be too big to travel up English rivers. The stones must have gone upriver on dugout canoes (独木舟), probably on two or three canoes roped together.
How were these huge stones shaped and polished? Large stone hammers have been found at
Stonehenge. The workers must have heated a rock with torches where they wished to make a cut. Then if they poured cold water on the hot rock, the stone would be weakened and would break smoothly when cut with the hammers. The final shaping and polishing were done by teams of workers who struck the stone again and again and pulled grinders (研磨的机械) over it.
Now the stones were ready to be put into place. The workers should use a strong machine to lift a fallen stone back on top of two others. But the builders of Stonehenge had only wood and leather rope. With these alone they set huge stones upright and lifted others to the tops of the columns.
The biggest question about Stonehenge, its purpose, is still asked. Careful study has shown that different arrangements of the stones line up with twenty-four separate points. It was found that the sun and moon rose and set in different seasons in the years around 1500 B.C. By standing in different places, the builders could predict when the sun and moon would rise or set in winter or summer. Other studies show that the stones may have been used to predict things that happen in the sky.
One thing is sure, though. Stonehenge will continue to attract people even if its mysteries are solved. The more we learn about it, the more remarkable it seems.
(726 words) Questions
( ) 1. The Stonehenge in southern England has aroused people’s great interest.
( ) 2. Stonehenge has a history as long as 2, 300 years.
( ) 3. Druids was religious leaders of the people in England not long after the time of Jesus. ( ) 4. The Beakers must have taken the stones most of the way on dugout canoes.
( ) 5. People now doubt whether the builders in the ancient time were able to set huge stones upright and lifted others to the tops of the columns with only wood and leather ropes. ( ) 6. Study has shown that different arrangements of the stones line up with twenty-four separate points.
( ) 7. The mystery of Stonehenge has already solved completely.
Fill in the blanks
8. The meaning of the word Stonehenge is ________________.
9. The corrals were used as temples and meeting places in about ________________.
10. It was who began to build up Stonehenge in around 1700 B.C.
Passage Four
Directions: In this part, you will have15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),
B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given
in the passage.
The Need for Environmental Assessment
Economic, social and environmental change is closely related to development. While development aims to bring about positive change, it can also lead to conflicts. In the past, the promotion of economic growth meant people had a chance to enjoy better life; however, people were not aware there might be negative social or environmental impacts (影响). The need to avoid negative impacts and to ensure long term benefits led to the concept of sustainable development (可持续发展). This has become accepted as a key characteristic of development, if the aim of increased happy life and greater equity in satisfying basic needs is to be met for this and future generations.
In order to predict environmental impacts of any development activity and to provide an opportunity to decrease negative impacts and improve positive impacts, the environmental impact assessment (EIA) procedure was developed in the 1970s. An EIA may be explained as:
a formal process to predict the environmental effects of human development activities and to plan appropriate measures to get rid of or reduce negative impacts and to increase positive effects.
EIA thus has three main functions:
? to predict problems,
? to find ways to avoid them, and
? to improve positive effects.
The third function is of particular importance. The EIA provides a unique opportunity to find ways in which the environment may be improved as part of the development process. The EIA also predicts the conflicts and limits between the suggested project, or program and its environment. It provides an opportunity for mitigation (缓解) measures to be taken to minimize problems. It enables monitoring programs to be set up to assess future impacts and provide data on which managers can take wiser decisions to avoid environmental damage.
EIA is a management tool for planners and decision makers and complements (补充) other project studies on engineering and economics. Environmental assessment is now accepted as a key part of development planning and management. It should become as familiar and important as economic analysis in project assessment.
The aim of any EIA should be to promote sustainable development. Beneficial environmental effects are maximized while negative effects are improved or avoided to the greatest possible extent. EIA will help select and design projects, programs or plans with long term development and therefore improve cost effectiveness.
It is important that an EIA is not just considered as part of the approval process. Many reports produced for such a purpose, which are neither read nor acted upon, will lower the value of the process. A key output of the EIA should be an action plan to be followed during implementation (实施) and after implementation during the monitoring stage. To enable the action plan to be effective, the EIA may also recommend changes to laws and institutional structures.
In the beginning EIA was seen by some project promoters as a limit to development but this view is gradually disappearing. It can, however, be a useful limit to unsustainable development. It is now well understood that environment and development are complementary and depend on each other, and EIA is a technique for ensuring that the two can reinforce each other. A study carried out by the Environmental Protection Agency (USA) in 1980 showed that there were significant changes to projects during the EIA process, obvious improvements in both environmental protection measures and financial benefits. Irrigated agriculture is such a good example.
Irrigated agriculture is extremely important to the economy, health and welfare of a very large part of the developing world. It is too important to be ignored as it is vital for world food security. However, irrigated agriculture often greatly changes land use and is a major consumer of freshwater. Irrigation development thus has a major impact on the environment. All new irrigation and drainage (排水) development results in some form of degradation (退化). It is necessary to determine the acceptable level and to compensate (补偿) for the degradation. This degradation may extend both upstream and downstream of the irrigated area. The impacts may be both to the natural, physical environment and to the human environment，and large irrigation and drainage developments is environmentally sensitive.
An EIA is concerned both with impacts of irrigation and drainage on the environment and with the sustainable development of irrigation and drainage itself. Clearly an EIA will not resolve all problems. There will be balances between economic development and environmental protection as in all development activities. However, without an objective EIA, reasonable decision making would be impossible.
(743 words) Questions
1. In the past, __________________.
A) economy grew slowly
B) people didn’t know economic development might have negative social or environmental
impacts
C) people tried to predict environmental impacts of any development activity
D) people enjoyed better life
2. Sustainable development _____________.
A) has become accepted as a key characteristic of development
B) means quicker economic development
C) lowers economic development
D) aims to satisfy people’s basic needs
3. Which of the following is not the mains function of EIA?
A) To improve positive effects.
B) To predict the possible problems.
C) To plan appropriate measures.
D) To find ways to avoid the possible problems.
4. EIA aims _____________.
A) to improve beneficial effects
B) to avoid negative effects completely
C) to benefit the present generation
D) to sustainable development
5. _________will lower the value of the EIA process.
A) That EIA is just considered as part of the approval process
B) Focusing on economic development
C) Quick economic development
D) The changes to laws and institutional structures
6. EIA is now well understood that ___________.
A) it is a technique for ensuring quick development
B) it is a technique for ensuring environmental protection
C) it is a technique for ensuring that environment and development can reinforce each other
D) it is still a limit to development
7. A study by the Environmental Protection Agency in 1980 showed________.
A) environmental protection measures are improved
B) financial benefits are improved
C) neither environmental protection measures and financial benefits are improved
D) both environmental protection measures and financial benefits are improved
Fill in the blanks
8. change may have a strong effect on development.
9. _____________ is very important to the economy, health and welfare of a very large part of
the developing world.
10. People can make _______________ if they have an objective EIA.
《全新版大学英语阅读教程》（通用本）1-2册课后练习答案 UNIT ONE 1.Goodbye school Key to the Exercises I 1. B 2. D 3. D 4 D 5. C 6. A II 1. fling 2. supercilious 3. zoom 4. trudge 5. hoist Key to the Reading-skill Exercises Paragraph 1: 1. B 2. D paragraph 2 1. D 2. A 2.The Saturday Evening Post Information Related to the Text Key to the Exercises I. 1. D 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. C 6. C II . 1. She wants him to make something of himself and have an early start to his career . 2. He was afraid of the dogs that snarled behind the doors of potential buyers . He was timid about ringing the doorbells of strangers , relieved when no one came to the door , and scared when someone did , and could not deliver an engaging sales pitch . 3. The battle to make him different from his father . 4. The well-written composition he wrote about his summer vacation . 5. Writers didn’t have to have any gumption at all . 3. Love The Neighbor Key to the Exercises I . 1. T 2. F 3. T 4. T 5. T 6. F II. 1.在我看 来，美国的邻里关系正在变得不再融洽。2．《圣经》里的戒律“热爱你的邻居”大概是一句拙劣的译文，它的本义必定是“尊敬你的邻居。”3．邻居开始共同做的唯一的一件事是相互接近，只有进一步发展关系，才有足够的理由成为最好的朋友。 4．横跨在你们之间的车道，篱笆或栅栏并不真地就是一道冷漠的屏障，它们只不过是一条清晰的分界线。5．邻里较之社区更容易使人产生怀旧情绪，但社区也许是一个更好的构成单位 UNIT TWO 4．Making Friends in American Culture Key to the Exercises I. 1. A 2. D 3. C 4. D 5. C 6. D II. 1. Because there is a language barrier , ma ny Chinese are hesitant to speak with strangers and they don’t know what to talk to American ab out or how to keep the conversation moving . 2. His class and major . 3. These questions help people participate in the conversation . 4. When the other person first gives his name himself . 5. Communication . Key to the reading-skill Exercises Paragraph 1 : 1. C 2. A 3. The important of this is that awareness of non-verbal messages can significantly influence the effectiveness of any communication . Paragraph 2 : 1. A 2. But in the course of millions to billions of years , stars do evolve and age, and eventually they die . 5. My Daughter , My Friend Key to the Exercises I. 1. B 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. C 6. D II . 1. adolescence 2. stomp 3. snotty 4. torment 5. dwindle 6. Hope in a Bottle Key to the Exercises
新视野大学英语快速阅读第三册答案全 Unit1 Passage1 1—5 DCDCD 6—8 AAB Passage2 1 smart enough 2 enters the house 3 only one act 4 properly trained 5 race horses 6 500 to 600 7 because used to each other 8 family or food Passage3 1—5 ADDAD 6—7 AC 8 talking 9 direct commands 10 cultural,not personal Passage4 1—5 Y Y N NG N 6—7 N Y
8 the individual 9 responsible behavior 10 written budget Unit2 Passage1 1—5 Y Y N Y N 6—8 N NG Y Passage2 1 the use of drugs 2 dull and hopeless 3 more and more drugs 4 LSD 5 really able to do 6 long jail sentences 7 dangerous situations 8 full of tension Passage3 1—5 ACBDC 6—7 DA 8 skills courses 9 certificates 10 world communication Passage4 1—5 NG Y N Y Y
6—7 Y N 8 it is easier 9 confront different challenges 10 allowing everything Unit3 Passage1 1—5 BCBAC 6—8 CAC Passage2 1 900 miles 2 weeks of time 3 the kind of boats 4 getting into the mud 5 different levels of water 6 man-made lakes 7 the force of the water 8 the photographys taken from spaceships Passage3 1—5 DBCAB 6—7 AD 8 the chain store 9 th e firm’s expenses Passage4 1—5 N NG N Y N
新世纪大学英语阅读教程翻译 Unit 1 塞克哈尔觉得，事实就像太阳一样。大概没有谁能直视太阳而不眨眼，不觉眩晕。他发觉人际关系的精髓在于时时刻刻调和事实，避免冲突。他设定了一个特殊的日子——一年中至少有一天无论如何必须说实话。否则生命还有什么意义。他对这一天充满无数期待，也没有告诉任何人要做这个实验。这是个秘密的决定，一件永远不为人知的事。 首次尝试便从妻子准备的早餐开始。他对一道美味举筷不定，这可是妻子自认为的厨中之冠。“怎么啦？不好吃吗？”她问道。要是往常，为了照顾她的情绪，他肯定说：“没有，我吃饱了而已。”可今天他却说：“不好吃。我咽不下去。”看到妻子眉头紧锁，他对自己说：“没办法，事实就像太阳一样。” 第二次尝试是在教师休息室，一个同事走过来说：“某某死了听说了吗？觉得很遗憾吧。”“不觉得，”赛克哈尔回答。“他的确是个好人……”另一个还没说完。塞克哈尔就抢过来说：“好什么啊，对我他可是个刻薄、自私的家伙。” 塞克哈尔给三年级A班上最后一节地理课时，收到校长递来的便条：回家前请过来一趟。他自言自语道：“肯定是那些可怕的试卷。一百多份字迹潦草的男生的试卷；他已经消极怠工几个礼拜了，感觉头顶像是悬了一把利剑，随时都有刺下来的可能。” 下课铃响起，孩子们潮水般涌出教室。塞克哈尔在校长门口停了会儿，扣好上衣扣子；扣子也是校长经常训诫的目标。 他进了门，彬彬有礼地说了句：“晚上好，校长。” 校长抬起头看着他，十分友善地问道：“今晚有空吗？” 塞克哈尔回答：“答应过家里的孩子要出去……” “那，可以改天再带他们出去。现在跟我回家。” “噢……好的，校长，当然没问题……”然后怯生生地问：“有什么要紧事吗，校长？”“是的，”校长回答，像是在对自己笑……“你真的不知道我缺乏音乐天赋吗？” “噢，知道，校长……” “我一直在偷偷地学习和练习，今晚想让你听听我演唱。我约好了一个鼓手和一个小提琴手为我伴奏。这还是我的第一次正式演出，想听听你的建议。我知道你的建议弥足珍贵。”塞克哈尔的音乐品味无人不知。他是小镇里最令人生畏的音乐评论人。可他怎么也没想到，他的音乐爱好将它引入这层磨难……。“对你来说，有点突然是吧？”校长问。“我已经关上门花了不知道多少钱……”他们开始往校长家走。“上帝没能给我一个孩子，可至少没有剥夺音乐给我的慰藉，”他们边走校长边悲戚戚地说。他喋喋不休地说着音乐的事：如何完全因打发无聊起步；如何被音乐老师取笑，又被给予希望；他人生的雄心壮志又是如何在音乐的世界里达到忘我的境界。 一到家，校长就大献殷勤。他请塞克哈尔坐在红丝毯上，敬上几样碟中美味，在旁边忙来忙去像是招待上门女婿。他甚至说：“你务必完全放松去听。别为那些试卷烦心。”然后不无幽默的加了一句：“我会给你一周的时间。” “十天怎么样，校长？”塞克哈尔请求。 “好，同意，”校长慷慨地说。塞克哈尔彻底松了口气——他可以一天干掉十份，彻底除掉这件烦心事。 校长点上熏香。“营造点气氛。”他解释说。鼓手和小提琴手已经到位，坐在缅甸仰光进口的小毯子上等他。校长在两人中间坐下来，像音乐会专业演出一般，清清喉咙，起了调子又停下来问：“可以吗，卡亚尼？（塞克哈尔的姓）”塞克哈尔假装没听到校长叫他。校长继
Unit 1 Vocabulary 1.F ill in the gaps with words……. 1). Respectable 2).agony 3).put down 4).sequence 5).hold back 6).distribute 7).off and on 8).vivid 9).associate 10).finally 11).turn in/out 12).tackle 2. Rewrite each sentence…… 1)…has been assigned to the newspaper’s Paris office. 2)….was so extraordinary that I didn’t know whether to believe him or not. 3)….a clear image of how she would look in twenty years’ time. 4)….gave the command the soldiers opened fire. 3. Complete the sentences… 1).reputation; rigid; to inspire 2).and tedious; What’s more; out of date ideas 3).compose; career; avoid showing; hardly hold back Ⅱ. Synonyms in Context
https://www.doczj.com/doc/635924526.html,posed 2.severe 3.agony 4.extraordinary 5.recall https://www.doczj.com/doc/635924526.html,mand 7.was violating 8.anticipate Ⅲ.Collocation 1.at 2.for 3.of 4.with 5.as 6.about 7.to 8.in; in 9.from 10.on/upon Comprehensive Exercises Ⅰ.Cloze Text-related (1).hold back (2).tedious (3).scanned (4).recall (5).vivid (6).off and on (7).turn out/in (8).career Theme-related (1).last (2).surprise (3).pull (4).blowing (5). dressed (6).scene (7).extraordinary (8).image (9).turn (10).excitement Ⅱ.Translation 1.A s it was a formal dinner party, I wore formal dress, as Mother told me to. 2.H is girlfriend advised him to get out of/get rid of his bad habit of smoking before it took
Why I Love the City 我的许多朋友都离开了这座城市。它们是在郊区买房子,因为他们想要远离城市的喧嚣、烟雾、交通、和犯罪的城市。一个朋友说,“有太多的空气污染的城市。我更喜欢郊区,那里的空气是那么清新。“另一个朋友抱怨交通:“有太多的汽车市区!你不能找到一个停车的地方,交通堵塞的情况都很可怕。“每个人都在抱怨关于犯罪:“城市有许多罪犯。我很少离开我的房子”的幻影却如太危险了。 在我朋友搬离城市,他们通常会背诵优势郊区生活:绿草、花卉、游泳池、烤肉等等。然而在我的朋友们在那里住了一年左右的时间里,他们意识到郊区生活就不那么愉快,因为他们期待。这种变化的原因是什么?他们的花园!他们很快了解到,一个不可避免的一部分yardwork郊区生活。他们整个周末都在工作在他们的花园,它们是非常累的一把,又要取他们的水池游泳甚至做一些肉放在他们的烤肉。又有另一个投诉:他们不能住在郊区没有一辆车。我的大多数朋友都搬到郊区,避开塞车,但现在他们不得不上班市中心。他们坐在一个繁忙的公路每天两个小时! 我的意见是非常不同的城市生活,从我朋友的我住在市区吗?和我爱它! ! !为什么?嗯,首先,我喜欢nature-flowers、绿草、树木和动物。在这个城市里,我有一切优势自然:我可以步行通过公共公园,闻闻花香,坐在草地上在树下。我可以参观,动物园里的动物。然而到目前为止我还没有一个缺点:我不需要做yardwork或喂动物。同时,在这个城市,到处都可以让我乘公共汽车吗?如果有交通堵塞,我可以走回去。 似乎每个人都搬到郊区,避免罪恶的大城市。我有一个理论的城市犯罪的,然而,所以我觉得安全罪犯将反映在社会生活的变化:如果人们买了房子在郊区,罪犯将步其后尘。罪犯想避免噪音、烟雾、污染了。不久,过于拥挤和犯罪的问题,而不是城市郊区! People on the Move 美国人的历史,在某种程度上,历史运动的美国人民。他们移到东海岸的殖民地到开放空间的西部。从乡下搬,农场到城里去。最近,美国人一直不断地由城市郊区。 开放空间;西部地区迁移 美国人开始先驱移动,从东海岸到西250年前。他们向西边移居的原因有许多种。一个理由是无限的开放空间的可用性和土地耕作。美国人喜欢大的开放空间,他们也喜欢独立和自由发展的土地以他们自己的方式。一些土地变得农场。重要的矿产资源被发现在某些地区,因此有一些那地就都归了地雷。其他大型地区成为牛牧场。似乎对每个人都有足够的土地。但这是一个困难的生活——一种无止境的工作和困难。 城市 1860年以后,工业革命改变了美国。美国人学会了如何生产的钢铁。他们开始生产石油。汽车被发明了。工厂各类开始出现,而在城市开始长大了工厂周围。农民和其他的国家里,人们搬到越来越多的城市人为了寻找工作,更容易的生活。在1900年代早期,城市工作忙、令人激动的地方。然而,也有很多贫穷和困苦。 城市增长的城市建筑taller-and不必得到增长out-they展开的中心。私有房屋和门廊与码就消失了。公寓,每一个个子比下、就住在他们的地方。越来越多的人搬到城市,越来越大,城市。 一些城市不能分散因为没有房间这么做。这些城市,纽约就是一个最好的例子,变得越来越拥挤。更多的人意味着更多的汽车、卡车、公交车、更大的噪音,更多的污染,以及更多的犯罪。许多城市变得丑陋肮脏。有些人而有些公司开始离开城市搬到郊区城市外围。 郊区 搬到郊区的仍然是发生。美国人正在寻找一小块土地,他们可以叫他们自己。他们想要一座房子和院子。然而,他们不想放弃好的工作在城市。在许多情况下,公司在郊区给他们的工作。在其他情况下,美国人常常通勤到城市,在城市他们职业。近年来,越来越多的企业开始向郊区迁移。他们吸引了很多人,郊区变得拥挤。 接下来要做什么? 美国人看了他们缓慢下落到大城市年久失修而死。许多人离开了城市中产阶级,只有非常富有的人和很多贫困的人呆在后面。有关美国人正设法解决这一问题的噪音、灰尘、犯罪和污染在大城市里。他们正试图重建坏的部分城市为了吸引和保持业务的人。他们正在努力使他们的城市美丽。如今,许多美国人都正在考虑搬回了城市。 其他美国人发现甚至郊区已经变得太拥挤了。他们正在寻找无污染的开阔空间和作为独立的生活方式。他们准备离开郊区到乡下。 也许美国人总是会在前进。 Caution: Bumpy Road Ahead
---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 《全新版大学英语阅读教程4(高级本)》课文翻译 《全新版大学英语阅读教程 4（高级本）》 ------普通高等教育“十五”国家级规划教材译文（部分） 1.The Campers at Kitty Hawk 在这篇文章中，John Dos Passos 运用散文和诗歌两种文学形式，讲述了莱特兄弟制造的世界上第一架飞机，这是人类历史上最重要的里程碑之一。 他还描述了杰出的莱特兄弟的生活，他们去 kitty Hawk 不是为了野营，而是去完成一个听起来不可能的事情。 1903 年 12 月 17 日,住在俄亥俄州代顿市霍桑街一幢木头房子里的兄弟联合会主教、曾任《宗教嘹望》报编辑的莱特先生收到了他的儿子威尔伯和奥维尔发来的电报。 他们两个突发奇想, 去北卡罗来纳州海岸沙丘上的一个小宿营地度假 ,给自己匆忙赶制的滑翔机做一些修补。 电文：周四早成功四次飞行，在 21mile/hour 从水平面起飞，仅靠引擎力量启动，平均 31mile/hour 最长 57 秒。 数字有点出入，因为电报员误读了奥维夫的潦字。 但事实并没改变，来自 dayton，俄亥俄州的两个单车修理工设计，建造，并试飞了一架真正的飞机。 电机预热几分钟后，我松了拉住飞机在跑道的绳，飞机迎风冲去。 韦伯扶着机翼跑以保持机身的平衡，以免跑出跑道。 不像 14 号那天，今天电机平静的向前稳行，直面 27M/H 的风。 1/ 6
Unit 1 Alone in the Arctic Cold 一个人在北极严寒 一天打碎了非常寒冷和灰色,当那个人偏离主要育空试验和爬上斜坡,在那里的是一个朦胧而过去向东穿过了踪迹松林之间。坡率陡峭,而且他停顿了一下喘不过气来保持最佳的状态。没有太阳和缕阳光,尽管他天空无云。这是一个晴朗的日子,但在那里似乎是一个蒙上了一层水汽表面看来,把这天黑暗。这个事实不担心那个人。他被用来缺乏阳光。 那人回头而且他已经来了。育空河打下英里宽藏起来了以下3英尺的冰。这个世界上的冰一样多英尺的积雪。这是连续的白色的,除了一个黑暗的发际线了痕迹,向南延伸达500英里去的库特关口。 但是,整个神秘,深远的发际线跟踪,没有太阳从天空,巨大的冷的,陌生和怪异的没有什么印象all-made上了的人。他是新来的人在这地,这是他的第一个冬天。他的问题他是缺乏想象力。他很快和警惕在生活的一切,但只有在去吧,而不是在意义。意思eighty-odd零下五十度学位霜。这样的事实了冷漠,而且不舒服,就这些。它并不带他去思考男人的一般是脆弱,能够只活在确定的限度窄的热量和冷。零下五度代表点冰霜伤害必须提防,利用厚,暖和的衣服。50度以下零是他就精确50度零度以下。应该有其他东西了可那是一个思想,从来没有进过他的头上。 当他转身要走,他吐不确定。就有一个陡坡、易爆裂纹他的震惊。他吐了。又一次,空气里之前,这可能下降至雪吐口唾沫裂了。他知道五十岁的唾沫在雪地上闪现下面,但这吐口唾沫空气中闪现了。毫无疑问这个五十个更加寒冷below-how要冷得多了不知道。但是温度还显得无关紧要。他注定的老我的左边叉子汉德森的孩子们在小溪了。他们来了在山上从印度人小河的国家,虽然他来拐弯抹角看一看的可能性走出木材来源于群岛的育空。他要在六营地点,有点天黑之后,这是真的,但男孩们会去,火灾的去,和热晚饭将为此做好准备。 他陷入水中在大松树。踪迹减弱了。他很高兴他没有雪橇、旅游的光。事实上,他带着什么都是用午餐手帕。他很惊奇,然而,在寒冷。当然很冷,他总结道,他又揉麻木,鼻子和颧骨和他"握"手。 Memories of Afghanistan 阿富汗的记忆 Afghanistan-a国家一场人道主义灾难的边缘的土地,充满了逃离难民,饥饿的人,turbaned恐怖分子在训练营。电视画面告诉一个国家的故事破坏和贫穷的国家,几乎完全摧毁了二十年的战争和斗争。然而once-though poor-this真是一个值得骄傲的那国,并有美丽的国家,还能存活下来,许多世纪的严酷的历史。不要太长前,它还是一个国家在和平,有丰富的文化遗产… 除了欧洲国家,很少有国家在这个世界上,从来没有在殖民rule-or至少从不在最近的几次,:阿富汗是其中之一。许多几个世纪以前,成吉思汗的那军队策马撞倒从蒙古、无情地杀死了阿富汗的部落山敢于抵抗侵略者;但除此之外羞辱时期Afghans-who,在时间,其实是一种混合的三个独立的民族groups-have把头抬得高高的面对的入侵。
大学英语实验教程阅读1U4U6U7译文 Why Some People Are Most Likely to Succeed为什么有些人更容易取得成功？腹中的火并不能点燃它自己，而究竟你雄心壮志的火花存在于你的基因，家庭，还是文化还是在你的手中呢？科学家们将告诉你答案。Gregg和Drew Shipp的成功并非偶然，当你和这两个拥有着坐落于芝加哥的“HiFi减肥俱乐部”的这对亲兄弟握手的时候，你便能感觉到他们是成功人士。但他们之前并不是这样，他们的老爸曾经是Jovan香水公司的老板，那是一个很厉害的公司，赚了很多钱，因此可以让Shipp不怎么费力地就读完了高中，大学，并且从不需要纠结于要不要付房租或者能否填满冰箱什么的。然而就在他们将要毕业的时候，他们那种漫无目的的感觉反而成为了他们的烦恼。就在同时，他们的父亲变卖了公司，同时也带走了他那可以作为双胞胎兄弟精神后盾的舒适的工作。于是事情就这样发展下去了，当他们毕业时，Shipp兄弟已经完全的转变了他们自己，从两位本应该啃老的男孩变成了充满了进取之心的少年。Gregg说“那时候，我认为我自己几乎是有些想进取想得疯狂”事实证明了这一点，1998年两兄弟开始从事健身房行业，他们先买下了一个很普通的健康俱乐部然后就把它转变成了一个奢侈的设施，在那里，那些有钱人的私人教练可以拥有自己的区域。经过几年的发展，小小的建筑已经容不下这个公司了，接着是另一个，目前Shipp兄弟正着手准备着
第三次迁址。大学通信专业的Gregg管理着俱乐部的顾客，经管专业的Drew则负责解决他们经济上、扩张上的难题。“我们不会停下来，”Drew说“尽管我们现在已经比大学的时候加倍努力，然而还是有很多活没有干完。”这是为什么呢？为什么有些人生下来胸中就有一团火焰，然而另一些人，就像Shipp兄弟，他们就需要一些变故来当他们的指路明灯？甚至有些人从来就没有得到过让他们进取的契机？难道有些家庭注定就不能有优等生，或者注定就不会存在差生吗？难道吉米卡特（美国总统）和比利卡特，杰布布什和尼尔布什（美帝政治家们）都会惊奇的惊叹为何我们都恰好来自同样的基因？在人类行为中里所有的冲动中，上进心的表现即为在别人吃完蛋糕前，尽肯能多的抢到蛋糕（即资源），这应该也是最民主的资源分配方式了吧。毕竟，活着便是一个“零和博弈（所有人收入损失之和为零）”。你每杀死一头水牛，别人就少一头；你占一块地，别人就少一块。当然，这些理论是基于“我们生下来就都很有上进心”的假设上的。当然事实不是这样子，并不是所有人都积极进取，我们中也有很多安于现状的人。比如在那些选择一周工作80小时的人里，也是有很多人在五点就打卡了的。理论上讲，男女对于上进心的理解不同，同样，美洲人和欧洲人，婴儿潮（二战结束那几年出生的）和Gen-X的人（70-80年代人，英文Gen Xers），中产与小康阶级，对于进取心的理解也是不同的。史蒂夫-沃兹尼亚克 （Steve Wozniak）（与乔布斯）共同创立了苹果电脑但是1985
Book One Unit Four Passage One Directions: You will have 10 minutes to read this passage quickly and answer the following questions from A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice. Youth Speak If you think the English language is getting shorter, you may be right. From news bytes to text-messaging to famously shorter attention spans, we're saying less—and relying on slang more. Why? With so much of our daily communications taking place online these days—and that doesn’t include just e-mail, but text-messaging on increasingly teenier devices—it seems everyday English has been reduced to a code of accepted abbreviations, mysterious combinations of numbers and letters, and even symbols masquerading as facial expressions. :) Often in all lowercase(小写字母) letters. Certain numbers, “2” and “4” in particular, play starring roles—replacing, respectively, “to” and “for”—but the far more interesting development is the embrace of the number “3” for the letter “e” (“b3” and “th3”), and the number “8” for the sound it makes (“gr8” and “l8r” for “great” and “later”). While some of these brave new acronyms(首字母缩拼词) can actually be self-explanatory (“u” for “you” and “ur” for “your”) or fairly logical (“b4” for “before”), or can highlight the sounds the letters ma ke (“qt” for “cutie” and “cu” for “see you”) or act as abbreviations (“cuz” for “because”), or can be just straightforward acronyms (“bff” for “best friends forever”), some do border on strange (“peeps” for “people”). Some terms that have been in circulati on for quite a while are pretty recognizable: “lol” (“laughing out loud”), “btw” (“by the way”), and “imho” (“in my humble opinion”). Some, meanwhile, are puzzling: “iykwim” (“if you know what I mean”), “mtfbwy” (“may the force be with you”), and “wysiwyg”(“what you see is what you get”). At times, this alphabet-soup vernacular (本国语，俗语) feels absolutely confusing to everyone but linguists and computer geeks. But it’s difficult to argue with it s speed—or even its necessity—when forced to use a toothpick-sized device to reply to an office memorandum (备忘录) while driving a car (not recommended or legal but, unfortunately, all too common). With the exception of “peeps,” though, all of the above examples are mostly used in written slang. Spoken slang is a whole o ther story. And it’s here that the younger generation truly has its say (pun intended). Today’s slang changes faster than yesterday’s password. That’s because words that were popular only a couple of years ago have lost favor—among t oday’s teens—for no reason at all. These include: “sweet”, “excellent”, and “awesome” (which all mean “good”). But, then, slang is short-lived by nature. In order for slang to be slangy, it has to have a feeling of perpetual newness. Slang is like fashion: never “in” for long. Americans eventually tire of even the most popular words, and by natural selection, only the strong survive.
《全新版大学英语阅读教程》 (通用本课后练习答案) 第二册 UNIT ONE The Pleasure of Learning Key to the Exercises I. 1. C 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. B II. 1. F 2. T 3. T 4. T. 5. F. 6. T III. 1.对于太多的人来说,学习似乎是自己的意愿屈服于外界的指引,是一种奴役. 2.然而,只要幸运,有决心,指导得法,人的精神不仅经得起贫穷而且经得起富裕的考验. 3.对一个人来说,形成完整和协调的人格与保持自身的卫生,健康以及经济上的自立是同样必要的,那些从来没有认识到这一点的人已经吃尽苦头. IV. 1. First of all , the writer points out that there is a mistake about learning. Some young people dislike learning simply because they are educated in the wrong way. Learning is a natural pleasure that should be enjoyed. Then he develops this idea by examples to illustrate the different aspects: learning from books, by travel and trough practice. Learning can expand one’s knowledge over a period of time. 2. The chief danger of learning is laziness, sloth, routine, stupidity. It sneaks into people’s mind like wind through the shutters, causing people to slowly give up learning. We should realize that learning is a life-long endeavor, and only by continuous learning can one gain a meaningful and rewarding life. Key to the reading—skill Exercises 1. Students have improved SAT scores. 2. Teenagers planned patrols 3. TV programs are less thorough than newspapers. 4. Welcome to Our City is about the South and its people 5. Some films show little children fascinated at the world. 6. One can communicate with the writer as one reads a book. with Santa Claus Key to the Exercises I . 1. A 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. B II. . 1. 朱莉让我们如此为难,我的确感到生气.难道圣诞老人不存在的事实不是从同学那里得知的吗 2.我给她讲述了事情的经过,尽量使它听起来滑稽有趣,希望她不要注意到我和杰里在处理我开始认为的"圣诞老人问题"上是如此拙劣. 3.我可以看出,他正努力在想一种办法,用来解释我们的行为,使其听起来不太像事实那样具有欺骗性,那样错误和愚蠢. 4.事情就这样结束了.对圣诞老人不存在的事实悲伤了片刻只后,生活又恢复了正常. III. 1. Santa Claus is an imaginary old man with a long white beard and a red coat.
P e t s There are different ideas about pets in different parts of the world. In most cultures, animals have an inferior position to human beings. In most instances, however, people treat their pets like members of their families, or perhaps better. In the United States, and Europe, where pets are very popular, there are special shops that sell jewelry, clothing, and g o u r m e t(美味的) food for cats and dogs. There are shops on fashionable streets in New York City, for example, that sell gold and diamond collars, fur jackets, hats and mittens for pets. In many countries of the world, there is special food for pets. It is common for supermarkets in many places to sell cat food and dog food. However, in Nice, France, there is a special restaurant for dogs. Dogs are the only customers. There is seating for 20 of them. On the menu, there are varieties of special gourmet dishes for dogs to choose from. There is a sausage dish, a turkey dish, and a pasta dish, among others. For dessert, there is a variety of French cheeses and, of course, dog biscuits. In the U.S., there is a very rich cat who can afford to go to any restaurant he chooses. His name is Kitty Cat. Kitty Cat inherited 100,000 dollars when
Keys Unit 1 Fashion and Trend In-Class Reading Passage I 1. N 2. N 3. N 4. Y 5. NG Passage II 1. following trends 2. fabrics 3. details 4. very contrasting colors 5. clashing After-Class Reading Passage I 1. C 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. C Passage II 1. D 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. D Unit 2 Dreams and Ambitions In-Class Reading Passage I 1. Y 2. N 3. Y 4. NG 5. N Passage II 1. getting used to 2. upset and depressed 3. The Confederacy 4. European 5. southerner white dude After-Class Reading Passage I 1. B 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. C Passage II 1. A 2. D 3. B 4. D 5. C Unit 3 Culture and Society In-Class Reading Passage 错误！未找到引用源。 1. No 2. Y es 3. No 4. NG 5. Y es Passage 错误！未找到引用源。 1. fun and festivity 2. dark continent 3. scheduled joy 4. lack of seriousness 5. stuff After-Class Reading Passage 错误！未找到引用源。 1. A 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. D Passage 错误！未找到引用源。
Unit 1 part one Angel at Work Ⅰ Reading for information 1.C 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.C 6.A Ⅲ Summary 1.to transcribe his Sunday speeches /too much to handle 2.out of the blue/ share the inspiration 3.deliver the tape personally/the mystery of the arrangement 4.personal contact/spastic 5.asked for reward/full and dedicated Unit 2 part one My Miraculous Life Ⅰ Reading for information 1.A 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.A 6 C Unit 3 part one A Thief Ⅰ Reading for information 1.D 2.B 3.D 4.C.A 5.B 6 C Ⅲ Summary 1.the ticket counter/a leather coat 2.a cocktail bar/catches sight of a blonde girl/a Travellers Aid counter 3. a magazine/becomes aware of/jostling/blushes
4. lifted/back pocket 5. a front window/hand her over 6. wrong/bolts 7. has stolen Unit 4 part one Escape Artists Ⅰ Reading for information 1.B 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.B 6.C Ⅲ Summary 1.publishing/overseen 2.procrastinator/affected https://www.doczj.com/doc/635924526.html,ziness/desire/consistently/delay 4.funishes/reinforcing/subscribe 5.mismatch/sophisticated 6.solution/deploying/management Unit 5 part one For Big Bruno, a Man We Can Look Up to Ⅰ Reading for information 1.B 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.C Ⅲ Summary 1.hard work/pay off 2.Big Bruno/strong in stature/a gentle spirit 3.most patient/slow to get angry/a heart of gold