初中英语阅读理解解题技巧
阅读理解水平的培养是中学英语学习的一项重要任务。初中“阅读理解”题主要是考查考生综合使用所学语言知识的水平，包括阅读水平、理解水平、归纳概括水平、逻辑推理水平以及对材料的评估水平等。要求学生能较快地通过阅读，理解短文大意，获取其中的主要信息，并做出准确判断。
一、初中阅读理解考查的主要内容。
首先，初中英语试题中的阅读文章题材多样(涉及政治经济、社会文化、风俗习惯、历史地理、科学技术等各个方面)，体裁形式丰富(包括记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文以及新闻报道、广告、通知、操作说明、表格等)，这就需要考生在平时对各方面的知识都有所积累。
其次，阅读理解主要是考查考生综合使用所学语言知识的水平，包括阅读、理解、归纳概括、逻辑推理以及对材料的评估水平等。在阅读技巧上，考生要注意文章的个别词或句子、文章的某细节或情节、文章的主题或背景知识、文章的结论或结局、文章内涵的寓意等。
最后，从问题设置上能够将问题总结为四种类型：
(一)直接题目：这种题目比较简单，只要通读全文，了解文中所叙述的重要事实或细节，就能够解答出来，有的甚至能够从文章的原句中直接找到答案。此类考查事实和细节的题目绝大部分是针对文章的细节设计的。
(二)理解性问题：要求对文中个别难词、关键词、词组或句子做出解释。解答这类题目时需要对相关的上下文，甚至整篇文章的内容建立准确、立体的理解才能做出准确答案。此类猜测词义的题目，要求考生根据上下文确定某一特定的词或短语的准确含义。
(三)推理性题目：这种题目考生往往不能直接从文中找到答案，而需要根据上下文及其相互间的关系或对整篇文章实行深层理解后，才能找到答案。有时甚至还得考虑作者的主旨、倾向等因素加以推理，才能获得准确答案。此类题目主要考查的是句与句之间，段与段之间的逻辑关系。
(四)概括性题目：要求考生在阅读和理解全文的基础上对文章做出归纳、概括或评价。此类考查主旨和大意的题绝大部分针对段落（或短文）的主题思想，
标题或目的。解这种题目时，不能只凭文中的只言片语而断章取义，比如涉及文章的标题、主题、结论、结局等相关问题，都需要在细读全文的基础上，结合所学语言知识、背景知识、生活常识、专业知识实行逻辑思维推理判断，从而获取文章中内含的信息。
二、阅读理解题的解题技巧。
明确了阅读理解题的考查要点以后，我们现在来研究破解阅读理解题的方法和技巧。
1．获取段落的主旨和大意。最有效的办法是找出主题句。一篇文章（或一段文章）通常都是围绕一个中心意思展开的。而这个中心意思往往由一个句子来概括。这个能概括文章或段落中心意思的句子叫做主题句。所以，理解一个段落或一篇文章的中心意思首先要学会寻找主题句。主题句一般具有三个特点：1）表述的意思比较概括，相对其主句来看，这种概括性更为明显。2）句子结构较简单，多数都不采用长、难句的形式。3）段落中其它的句子必定是用来解释、支撑或发展主题句所表述的主题思想的。
在一个段落中，绝大部分主题句的位置有两种：1）主题句在段首。这种情况相当普遍。一般新闻报道、说明文,议论文大都采用先总述，后分述的叙事方法。2）主题句在段末。用归纳法写文章时，往往表述细节的句子在前，概述性的句子在后，并以此结尾。这种位于句末的主题句往往是对前面细节的总结，归纳或结论。
2．根据上下文猜测词义。猜测词义也是一种英语阅读水平。英语阅读理解试题中有很多这样的题目。任何一个实词，只有在一定的上下文中才能表示一个确定的词义。上下文的作用就是协助确定上下文中的词、短语或句子的意义。据此，我们能够尽可能地利用上下文来猜测词义，即从已知推求未知，也就是用我们所熟悉的词或短语来猜测我们不熟悉的词的词义。
猜测词义时，我们能够从三个方面来考虑：1）根据上下文已知部分实行逻辑上的推理。根据上下文猜测词义的方法有下列几种：根据定义或解释猜测词义；根据并列、同位关系猜测词义；根据同义、反义、因果关系猜测词义。2）使用语法知识实行语法分析。3）依靠常识和经验做出判断。
3、确定细节和事实。在阅读理解题目中，有相当一部分是考查细节和事实的
题目。这类题目相对容易一些。这些题目有两个共同特点：
（1）凡属针对特定细节的考题，其准确答案大都能够在阅读材料中找到对应的文字部分作为验证。这个部分可能是一个词或短语，也可能是一个句子或相关的若干句子，但句式、用词和表达方式不同。
（2）干扰项往往是主体思想与细节混杂，准确答案细节和非准确答案的细节混杂，甚至真假混杂。所以，要做好阅读理解中的确定细节和事实的题目，一要在文章中找出相对应的信息点，二要排除干扰项。
4．实行合理推断。所谓推断，就是根据阅读材料中所提供的信息，推断出未知的信息。即把相关的文字作为已知部分，从中推断出未知部分。需要推断的相关文字可能是词或句子，也可能是若干句子，甚至是全文。
初中英语阅读试题中的推断题很多，包括的面也很大。其类型主要有以下几种：1）事实推断。这种推断常常针对某一个或几个具体细节，是比较简单的推断。实行这种推断，要首先在文章中找出据以推断的相关文字，然后加以分析，尤其要悟出字里行间的意思。2）指代推断。确定指代词的含义和指代对象是阅读理解题常见的题目。要确定指代词所指代的对象，关键在于对所在上下文的准确理解。指代名词的指代词，其单复数形式英语被指代的词一致，所以数的形式可作为识别指代对象第一个辅助标志。3）逻辑推断。这类题目往往是要求根据文章所提供的背景，人物的表情，动作和语言来推断出人物的态度或感觉。4）对作者的意图和态度的推断。这个类考题大都要求学生就作者对论述对象持什么样的态度做出推断，如作者对所陈述的观点是赞同、反对，还是犹豫不定，对记述或描写的人、物或事件是赞颂、同情、冷漠，还是厌恶。作者的这种思想倾向和感情色彩不一定直接表述出来，而往往隐含在字里行间。所以，实行这种推断时，我们既要依靠短文的主题思想作为推力的前提，又要注意作者的措辞，尤其是形容词一类的修饰语。
总来说之，只要平时善于积累，并熟练使用上述解题技巧，初中阅读理解题就将不再是难题。
八年级英语阅读理解专项练习 A One day a rich man and a businessman met in a restaurant. For their lunch they both ordered soup. When it was brought, the rich man tasted it, but the soup was so hot that he burned his mouth and tears came into his eyes. The businessman asked him why he was crying. The rich man didn’t want to tell the truth and he told a lie,“Sir, I had a brother who was killed last year. I was thinking of his death, and that made me cry.”The businessman believed his story and began to eat his soup. He also burned his mouth so much that he had tears in his eyes. The rich man noticed it and asked the businessman,“Sir, why do you cry?”The businessman, who now saw that the rich man had cheated him, answered,“Oh, I’m crying because you were not killed together with your brother. I) 根据短文内容判断正（Ｔ）误（Ｆ）（５分） ( )76.The rich man didn’t tell the truth. ( )77.Though the rich man burned the mouth, he shouldn’t have told the lie. ( )78.The rich man had a brother who was burned. ( )79.The businessman believed the rich man’s story at first. ( )80.The businessman’s answer showed that he was very happy. II) 根据短文内容将下列句子排序．（５分） 81.They ordered the soup and the soup was so hot that the rich man
一、中考英语阅读理解汇编 1．阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。 What will the world of the future be like? There are plenty of people who are happy to give their opinion of what we will be doing in 2050. Here are two predictions about the world of tomorrow. When we dream about the future, many like to think of owning a personal flying car. The advantages are obvious. This technology would allow total freedom of movement. We could fly at 480 km per hour, avoiding traffic lights and busy roads. However, some people believe there will be problems with traffic control. If the cars become popular, there is likely to be air traffic jam. Another big problem is mechanical failure. What will happen if the cars stop working? These are problems we must expect if flying cars become a reality. Three-dimensional printing is another new technology with exciting possibilities. 3D printers are used to build an object with liquid plastic. They build the object layer by layer until it is complete. Car companies already use 3D printers to make life-size models of car parts, and medical companies use the technology to make man-made body parts. As we move into the future, 3D printing will revolutionize the way we shop, the way we manufacture and the way we treat sick people. The disadvantage is that such equipment will be extremely expensive. So in the future, we might be able to fly to work or print out new shoes. Although there are some problems to solve before this will be possible, we can certainly dream of a world where technology makes life easier and safer for millions of people. （1）What is the passage mainly about? A. Environmental protection. B. The world of tomorrow. C. Advantages of technology. （2）What do we learn from the passage? A. Some people think technology development may bring new problems B. 3D printing can bring great changes to our life and its equipment is cheap. C. The flying cars won't bring air traffic jam even when they become popular.
初二英语阅读理解精选题(一) My class will put on a short play in English at the end of the year. Yesterday our English teacher gave us copies of the play. “Choose a character in the play whom you’d like to be, ”she told us. “This afternoon learn a few lines of this part for homework. Then tomorrow you can say those lines in front of the class. I’ll decide who play each part.” I wanted to have one of the bigger parts in the play, so I choose the part of the king. He has a lot of lines to say. I learned them by heart. This morning in our English lesson we had to say our lines. I acted the part of the king. When I said my lines, I put a lot of expression into my acting. I thought I acted really well. Everyone in the class read a part and then the teacher who would play each part. Many of the students in my class couldn’t act at all. They couldn’t even read without making lots of mistakes. I was sure that I would get a big part in the play. However, the teacher gave me the part of a soldier. He has only one line. It is, “Yes, sir!” I was very disappointed. At the end of the lesson I went up to her and asked her why I had such a small part. “You put too much expression in your acting,” she said. “Good acting is not big acting. It is acting the audience can believe in.” I think I know what she means. 48. What did the boy want to do in the play? A. To get an important part B. To organize the play C. To get a large acting part. D. To work the lights. 49. How did the boy feel when the teacher told the class they would put on a play? A. Bored. B. Sad. C. Excited. D. Unhappy.
英语阅读理解专项习题及答案解析及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Every day I see advertisements in the newspapers and on the buses claiming that it is easy and quick to learn English. There is even a reference to William Shakespeare or Charles Dickens to encourage learners even more. When I see advertisements like this, I don't know whether to laugh or cry. But many people must believe these ridiculous claims, or else the advertisements would not appear. Of course it is clear that students who go to England to learn English have a great advantage over others, but too many cannot afford to do so. Some go to the opposite extreme and think they can teach themselves at home with dictionaries. But it is wrong to assume that each word in English has a precise equivalent in another language, let alone produces good pronunciation and intonation. Most teaching is still based on behaviorist psychology. Behaviorists are fond of making students repeat phrases and making sentences. If we were parrots or chimpanzees, these methods might be successful. A large number of theorists seem to think it is a pity we aren't, because it would make it easier to use their methods. In my personal opinion, no one can ever learn to speak English or any other language unless he is interested in it. Human beings, unlike parrots and chimpanzees, do not like making noises unless they understand what the noises mean and can relate them to their own lives. It is worth remembering that language is a means of communication. What they listen to and read cannot be a formula. It must be real. There is another relevant point worth mentioning here. We need other people to talk to and listen to when we communicate. They can work with us and practice the unfamiliar forms with us in real situations, talking to each other about real life language. （1）Many people believe advertisements in the newspapers and on the buses probably because . A. they are encouraged by William Shakespeare or Charles Dickens B. they are eager to learn and then believe them C. the ways advertised can help them to save time and efforts D. the ways advertised prove effective and helpful （2）What may behaviorists argue towards English learning? A. Human beings make more interesting noises than parrots and chimpanzees. B. Human beings should relate their speech to their own lives. C. Language is a formula with lots of repetitions and practices. D. Language is a means of communication. （3）What opinion does the author hold? A. A quick method that suits all the students does exist. B. English can be mastered within a very short period of time. C. Each word in English has a precise equivalent in another language. D. No one can learn English well without being interested in it.
八年级英语阅读理解试题及答案讲解01 A meteorite (陨石) almost hit an 80-year-old man named Arthur Pettifer in Britain when he was working in his garden. The meteorite was the biggest in the past 26 ye ars in Britain. The meteorite weighed (重量) one kilo, and might be over four thousand million (百万) years old. “I hear the big noise in the air. I looked up and saw the tops of the trees coming and going,” he said. “I didn't know what it was.” Meteorites are small things from the small planets in space. About 3,500 meteorite s may fall on earth every year, but only very few are found. Mr. Pettifer's meteorite is the fifth to fall in Britain since the Second World War. Mr. Pettifer is glad. “When you think about it coming from so far away, it really is something strange.” 1. The meteorite was Mr Pettifer when it fell down. A. close to B. far from C. hitting D. coming to 2. The meteorite was already years old. A. 40,000,000,000 B. 40,000,000 C. 400,000,000 D. 4,000,000,000 3. Mr. Pettifer found the tops of the trees coming and going because . A. the trees were afraid B. the fast falling meteorite kept the tree tops moving C. it was going to rain D. the moving was made by wind 4. people see a meteorite fall although they visit the earth often each year. A. Quite a few B. some C. Few D. Many
八年级英语阅读理解专练(一) A On Fridays I come home from work at about 2:00 in the afternoon and I just have a rest. On Friday evenings I don’t go out, but sometimes a friend of 1 comes 2 dinner. He or she 3 the wine and I cook the meal. I love cooking! We listen to music or we just 4 . On Saturday mornings I get up at 9:00 and I go to the 5 . Then 6 the evenings I sometimes go to see a film. I love films! Then I eat in my 7 Chinese restaurant. On Sunday ﹍Oh, On Sunday mornings I stay in the bed 8 , I don’t get up until 11:00! Sometimes in the afternoon I visit my sister. She lives in the village 9 has two children. I like playing with them, 10 I leave early because I go to bed at 8:00 on Sunday evenings. ( ) 1. A. me B. I C. my D. mine ( ) 2. A. have B. for C. has D. with ( ) 3. A. brings B. takes C. gives D. puts ( ) 4. A. tell B. day C. talk D. speak ( ) 5. A. shop B. shopping C. buy something D. buyer ( ) 6. A. on B. in C. at D. for ( ) 7. A. a B. the C. hungry D. favourite ( ) 8. A. late B. early C. down D. for ( ) 9. A. to B. and C. with D. for ( ) 10. A. or B. then C. but D. and B What do the people usually do on weekends? Some people like to 1 at home, but others like to go out for a walk or play football. Mr Smith 2 hard in a factory during (在期间) the 3 . On the weekends, he usually 4 the same thing. On Saturday he washes his car and on 5 he goes with his family to a village(村庄) by car. His uncle and aunt 6 a farm there. It isn't a big one, but there is always 7 to do on the farm. The children help with the animals and give them some 8 . Mr and Mrs Smith help in the field. At the end of the day, they are all 9 and Mr Smith's aunt 10 them a big meal. ( )l. A. play B. stay C. be D. so ( )2. A. works B. does C. makes D. studies ( )3. A. day B. year C. week D. month
英语阅读理解题及答案 Do you love holidays but hate the increase weight that follows? You are not alone. Holidays are happy days with pleasure and delicious foods. Many people, however, are worried about the weight that comes along with these delicious foods. With proper planning, though, it is possible to control your weight. The idea is to enjoy the holidays but not to eat too much. You don't have to turn away from the foods that you enjoy. The following suggestions may be of some help to you. Do not miss meals. Before yon leave home for a feast(宴会),have a small, low-fat snack(小吃). This may help to keep you from getting too excited before delicious foods. Begin with clear soup and fruit or vegetables. A large glass of water before you eat may help you feel full. Use a small plate; a large plate will encourage you to have more than enough. Better not have high-fat foods. Dishes that look oily or creamy have much fat in them. Choose lean meat(瘦肉 ).Fill your plate with salad and green vegetables. If you have a sweet tooth, try mints (薄荷) and fruits. They don’t have fat content as cream and chocolate. Don’t let exercise take a break during the holidays. A 20-minute walk after a meal can help burn off excess(过多的) calories.
八年级英语阅读理解专项练习题 a one day a rich man and a businessman met in a restaurant. for their lunch they both ordered soup. when it was brought, the rich man tasted it, but the soup was so hot that he burned his mouth and tears came into his eyes. the businessman asked him why he was crying. the rich man didn't want to tell the truth and he told a lie,“sir, i had a brother who was killed last year. i was thinking of his death, and that made me cry.” the businessman believed his story and began to eat his soup. he also burned his mouth so much that he had tears in his eyes. the rich man noticed it and asked the businessman,“sir, why do you cry?”the businessman, who now saw that the rich man had cheated him, answered,“oh, i'm crying because you were not killed together with your brother. i) 根据短文内容判断正（ｔ）误（ｆ）（５分） ( )76.the rich man didn't tell the truth. ( )77.though the rich man burned the mouth, he shouldn't have told the lie. ( )78.the rich man had a brother who was burned. ( )79.the businessman believed the rich man's story at first. ( )80.the businessman's answer showed that he was very happy. ii) 根据短文内容将下列句子排序．（５分） 81.they ordered the soup and the soup was so hot that the rich man burned his mouth first. 82.the businessman also burned his mouth and he was not happy. 83.a rich man and a businessman had lunch in the same restaurant. 84.the rich man told a lie about his brother's death. 85.the businessman realized(意识到) that the rich man cheated him at last. ______ _______ _____ _______ _______ b school kids say goodbye to their flying friends jin jun and his classmates at shanghai nanyang middle school are not very happy to be back from holiday. not because they hate studying, but because some of their best friends on campus（校园） are gone: pigeons. more than 100 pigeons used to(过去常常) fly around campus every day, making students smile during break time. but now, the birds are gone. where? now they're all locked up in a bird cage. bird flu(流感) has landed in shanghai, and expert are afraid the pigeons might spread（传播）the disease if they keep flying around. for safety, the school also asks students to stay away from the cage. “i feel sad for those birds. they're my best friends,” said jin, a 'cani but them, feed to corn bring would i term last “student. 3 junior
（英语）英语阅读理解专项习题及答案解析 一、阅读理解 1．根据短文内容选择正确答案。 D If you could see a movie of your life before you lived it, would you want to live it? Probably not. The excitement of living is that you don’t know what’s coming. Sure, it’s hard to see uncertainty in such positive（积极的）light when you’re out of work, or when you feel like you’re failing. But uncertainty is really another word for chance. When Allison graduated from Harvard, she had chan ces all over the place but had no idea what she wanted to do. She took a job in consulting（咨询）, but she knew she wouldn’t stay there. She took the GRE and scored so high that she was able to increase her income（收入）by teaching students. Still, she didn’t think she wanted to go to graduate school. Allison knew she w asn’t doing what she wanted, but she didn’t know what she wanted. She worried. All her friends were going to graduate school or starting their own businesses. She was lost and felt that she would never find anything out. After six years, Allison, by having a general（全面的）plan in mind, got married, moved to the Midwest, and used her consulting experience to get a great job. Allison realized that she spent her years finding her way: time well spent, and time we must all take if we’re being honest with ours elves. The only way to lead an interesting life is to face uncertainty and make a choice. Otherwise your life is not your own—it is a path someone else has chosen. Moments of uncertainty are when you create your life, when you become who you are. Uncertainty usually begins with a job hunt, but it doesn’t end there. Every new role we take on means another round of uncertainty. Instead of fearing it, you should find some ways to deal with uncertainty. （1）From the first two paragraphs, we can learn that . A. being out of work is a sad thing B. uncertainty is what makes life interesting C. life in a film is more exciting than real life. D. chance never appears when we need it （2）What troubles Allison after graduation? A. She couldn’t find a well-paid job. B. She had no money to start a business. C. She was not sure what to do. D. She didn’t score high enough for graduate school. （3）How did Allison feel about her six years’ working experience? A. Uncertain. B. Amazed . C. Sorry. D. Satisfied. （4）What may be discussed in the following paragraph?
初二英语英语阅读理解 题 集团标准化小组：[VVOPPT-JOPP28-JPPTL98-LOPPNN]
初二英语英语阅读理解题 1 An owl is a bird with very large eyes. Those eyes make the owl look clever. The owl can not move its eyes freely as we can. It can only look straight ahead. If it wants to look at both sides, it must turn its neck. Owls make a strange noise because the owls sleep most of the day. They usually give their cries at night. The cry sounds like “Whoo! Whoo”. This strange sound sometimes frightens people at night. ( ) 1. An owl looks clever because 。 A. it has a beautiful body B. it has big eyes C. it can look straight ahead D. it can turn its neck ( )2. An owl looks for food at night because 。 A. it has large eyes B. it can’t move its eyes freely as we can C. it sees better at night than during the day D. it can’t see anything at all during the day ( )3. An owl eats 。 A. small birds B. all kinds of birds C. all kinds of other animals D. none of the above ( )4. The cry of an owl is 。 A. frightening B. good to listen to C. like a song D. like the sound of a cow
初中英语阅读理解练习题 A friend of mine was fond of drawing horse. He drew the horses very well,but he always began the tail. Now it is the Western rule to begin at the head of the horse, that is why I was surprised. It struck me that it could not really make any difference whether the artist begins at the head or the tail or the belly（肚子）or the foot of the horse, if he really knows his business. And most great artists who really know their business do not follow other people’s rule.They make their own rules. Every one of them does his work in a way peculiar(奇特的) to himself; and the peculiarity means only that he finds it more easy to work in that way. Now the very same thing is true to literature(文学). And the question, "How shall I begin?" only means that you want to begin at the head instead of beginning at the tail or somewhere else. That is, you are not yet experienced(有经验的) enough to trust to your own powers. When you become more experienced you will never ask the question, and I think that you will often begin at the tail --that is to say, you will write the end of the story before you have even thought of the beginning. 1. A friend of the writer’s drew the horses ____. A. very well B. in the way of western rule C. in the way of his own rule D. all of the above 2. The writer was surprised because ____. A. the artist began to draw at the head of the horse B. the artist began to draw at the tail of the horse C. the artist made his own rule D. the artist did not follow other people’s rule 3. You are not yet experienced because ____. A. you don’t know where to begin B. you want to begin at the head instead of beginning at the tail