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上海牛津重点小学英语语法知识总结归纳

上海牛津重点小学英语语法知识总结归纳
上海牛津重点小学英语语法知识总结归纳

精心整理

?一般情况下,直接加s?如:read-reads,swim-swims

?以s,x,sh,ch,o结尾,加es?如:wash-washes,watch-watches,do-does

?以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i,再加es?如:study-studies,fly-flies

?不规则变化如:have-has

?4、一般现在时的句型转换:

肯定句否定句一般疑问句及回答

They watch TV everyday. They don’twatch TV

everyday.

—Do they watch TVeveryday?

—Yes,they do./No,they don’t.

She watches TV

She doesn’t?watch—Does she watch TVeveryday?

?以不发音的e结尾的动词,去掉e,再加ing

如:write-writing,make-making,ride-riding,take-taking

?以重读闭音节结尾,如末尾只有一个辅音字母,要双写这个字母,再加ing

?2、构成:主语+动词的过去式+其他

?3、动词过去式的变化规则:

肯定句否定句一般疑问句及回答

—Did he watch TVyesterday? He watched TVyesterday. He didn’twatch TVyesterday.

—Yes,he did./No,he didn’t. They played gamesjustnow. They didn’tplay gamesjustnow. —Did they play gamesjustnow?

—Yes,they did./No,they didn’t.

?

?一般将来时

?

1、定义:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态,以及打算、计划或准备某事。句中一般含有表示将来的时间状语,如:tomorrowmorning,nextweek,thisafternoon等表示将来的时间状语。

?

2、构成:

①begongto+动词原形?

如:

?

②will+动词原形?

如:

?

3、

①will则表示有可

如:Iamgoingtotakepartinapartythisevening.

Theyarecleaningthelibrarynow.I’llgoandjointhem.

?

②begoingto表示近期或眼下就要发生的事情;will表示的将来时间则较远一些。如:Heisgoingtowritealettertomorrow.??Iwillmeetheroneday.

?

③begoingto还可以用来表示有迹象表明某件事将要发生,常用于天气等自然现象。如:Look!It’sgoingtorai n.

4、一般将来时句型转换:

肯定句否定句一般疑问句及回答

She isgoingto haveapicnictomor

row.

She isn’tgoingto haveapicnicto

morrow.

—Is she goingto haveapicnictomo

rrow?

—Yes,she is./No,she isn’t.

They willgo swimmingthisaftern

oon.

They

won’t. ?句法

1、陈述句

1)肯定陈述句

2)否定陈述句

?

3)

①一般是在后加not。

—>Marywasnotatschoolyesterday.

?

②不含be动词或情态动词的,行为动词前要用助动词的否定式(don’t,doesn’t,didn’t),后面跟动词的原形。

Helikesdrawingpictures.—>Hedoesn’tlikedrawingpictures. Iwenttotheparkyesterday.—>Ididn’tgototheparkyesterday.

?

4)陈述句改一般疑问句

①有be动词或情态动词的,把be动词或情态动词提前。

??Marywasatschoolyesterday.—>WasMaryatschoolyesterday?

??Icanmakeamodelplane.—>Canyoumakeamodelplane?

②不含be动词或情态动词的句子,借助助动词开头,动词还原成原形。

??Helikesdrawingpictures.—>Doeshelikedrawingpictures.

??Iwenttotheparkyesterday.—

?

2、疑问句

用来提出问题,询问情况的句子,末尾用问号。

1)一般疑问句:

头,用yes或no

—IsMrGreenfromtheUK??—Yes,heis./No

—Doyouhaveanyhobbies??

—Canyouplaytheguitar??—Ican’t.

?

2)yes或no来回答。——Igotoworkbycar.

?

3)or连接。

—Wouldyoulikesometeaorcoffee??—Somecoffee,please.

?

4)反意疑问句:反意疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成。

—It’safineday,isn’tit?—Yes,itis.

?

3、祈使句

表示请求或命令别人做某事或不做某事。

1)用于第二人称,通常省略you。

①肯定祈使句:Openthedoor,please.?

②否定祈使句:Don’tbelateagain.

?

2)用于第一人称和第三人称,通常以let(let

??

4、感叹句

表达喜怒哀乐等强烈感情,句尾常用感叹号(!

1)what+名词或名词性短语

Whatabiggarden(itis)!

?

2)how+

Hownice!

Howbeautifultheflowersare!

HowtallYaoMingis!

?

5、therebe句型?表示在某地有某人或某物。

1)主语是单数,be动词用is(was);主语是复数,be动词用are(were)。

Thereissomemilkinthefridge. Therearesomepeachesinthebasket.

?

2)如果有几个不同的人或物并列存在,be动词根据最靠近的那个名词而定。There is arulerandfiveknivesinthepencilcase.

There are fiveknivesandarulerinthepencilcase.

?

3)therebe句型和have/has区别:

therebe句型表示某地有某人或某物;

have/has表示某人有某物。has TherearesomeEnglishbooksonthedesk. IhavesomeEnglishbooks.

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