MBA英语翻译历年真题2007年参考答案
2008-01-10 10:42:07
2007年翻译
Section IV Transition (20 points)
Directions：In this section there is a passage in English．Translate the passage into Chinese
and with your translation on the ANSWER SHEET．
Powering the great ongoing changes of our time is the rise of human
creativity as the
defining feature of economic life．Creativity has come to be valued，because new technologies，
new industries and new wealth flow from it．And as a result，our lives and
Society have begun
to echo with creative ideas．It is our commitment to creativity in its varied
dimensions that
forms the underlying spirit of our age．
Creativity is essential to the way we live and work today，and in many
senses always has
Been. The big advances in standard of living--not to mention the big
competitive advantages in
the marketplace--always have come from“better recipes，not just more
cooking．”One might
argue that’s not strictly true．One might point out，for instance，that during the long period
from the early days on the Industrial Revolution to modern times，much of
the growth in
productivity and material wealth in the industrial nations came not just from
creative inventions like the steam engine，but from the widespread
application of“cooking in quantity”
business methods like massive division of labor，concentration of assets，
vertical integration
and economies of scale．But those methods themselves were creative
developments．
推动当今社会巨大变化的动力是人类创造力的崛起。作为经济生活的一个显着特征，创造力已开始受到重视，因为各种新技术、新产业和新财富源源不断地随之而生。其结果是我们的生活和社会中充满了创造性思想。正是我们在各个领域里各种各样的发明创造构成了当今社会的精神基础。
创造力对我们当今的生活和工作方式至关重要，而且从各种意义上来说，一向如此。生活水平的显着提高-----更不用说市场经济的强大竞争优势，
总是源于“更好地烹饪法，而不是更多的烹制品”。也许有人认为这种说法不一定严谨。比如他会指出，从最初的工业革命到现代社会这一漫长的时期内，工业化国家生产力的提高和物质财富的积累，很多都不是来自诸如蒸汽机之类的发明创造，而是来自“大量烹制”式的企业管理方法的广泛运用，如大规模的劳动力分工、资产的集中、纵向整合及规模经济等。
但是其实这些方法本身就是创新。
MBA英语翻译历年真题2006年参考答案
2008-01-10 10:40:53
2006年翻译
Section IV Translation (20 point)
Directions: in this section there is a passage in English. Translate the five
underlined sentences into Chinese and write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET
The smooth landing of shuttle (航天飞机) Discovery ended a flight that was successful in almost every respect but one: the dislodging of a big
chunk of foam, like the one that doomed the Columbia. This flight was
supposed to vault the shuttle fleet back into space after a prolonged
grounding for repairs. But given the repeat of the very problem that two
years of retooling was supposed to resolve, the verdict is necessarily
mixed.(61) Once again, the space agency has been forced to put off the flight
until it can find a solution to the problem, and no one seems willing to guess
how long that may take .
The Discovery astronauts performed superbly during their two-week mission, and the shuttle looked better than ever in some respects. (62) Space
officials were justifiably happy that so much had gone well, despite daily
worries over possible risks. The flight clearly achieved its prime objectives.
The astronauts transferred tons of cargo to the international space station, which has been limping along overhead with a reduced crew and
limited supplies carried up on smaller Russian spacecraft. (63) They replaced
a broken device, repaired another and carted away a load of rubbish that had
been left on the station, showing the shuttle can bring full loads back down from space.
This was the most scrutinized shuttle flight ever, with the vehicle
undergoing close inspection while still in orbit. (64) New sensing and
photographic equipment to look for potentially dangerous damage to the
sensitive external skin proved valuable .A new back flip maneuver allowed station astronauts to photograph the shuttle's underbelly, and an extra-long robotic arm enabled astronauts see parts of the shuttle that were previously out of sight.
(65).The flood of images and the openness in discussing its uncertainties
about potential hazards sometimes made it appear that the shuttle was
about to fall apart. In the end the damage was clearly tolerable. A
much-touted spacewalk to repair the shuttle's skin-the first of its kind-
moved an astronaut close enough to pluck out some protruding material with his hand. Preliminary evidence indicates that Discovery has far fewer nicks and gouges than shuttles on previous flights, perhaps showing that
improvements to reduce the shedding of debris from the external fuel tank have had some success.
参考译文：
(61)
航天机构被迫再次推迟飞行，直到找到解决问题的方案。似乎没有人愿意猜测这一推迟可能会持续多长时间。
(62)
航天局的官员完全有理由为此感到高兴，虽然每天都在担心可能会发生危险，但这么多的工作都进展顺利。这次飞行明显实现了它的主要目标。
(63)
他们替换了一个破损的仪器，修好了另外一个仪器，清理掉了太空站上留下的垃圾—这表明航天飞机可以满载太空上的物品，返回地球。
(64)
事实表明，用新的传感和照相设备来探寻敏感的机体外壳上潜在的损伤，
这是有用/有效的。
(65).
大量的图像和公开讨论关于它的潜在危险的不确定性，有时使人觉得航天飞机仿佛快要解体。最终，他的损伤是明显可以承受的。
MBA英语翻译历年真题2005年参考答案
2008-01-10 10:39:34
2005年翻译
Section IV Translation
Directions: In this section there is a passage in English. Translate the five
sentences underlined into Chinese and write your translation on ANSWER
SHEET 2. (15 points)
People in business can use foresight to identify new products and services,
as well as markets for those products and services. An increase in minority
populations in a neighborhood would prompt a grocer with foresight to stock more foods linked to ethnic tastes. (56) An art museum director with
foresight might follow trends in computer graphics to make exhibits more
appealing to younger visitors.
Foresight may reveal potential threats that we can prepare to deal with
before they become crises. (57) For instance, a capable corporate manager
might see an alarming rise in local housing prices that could affect the
availability of skilled workers in the region.
The public’s changing values and priorities, as well as emerging technologies, demographic shifts, as well as emerging technologies, demographic shifts,
economic constraints (or opportunities), and environmental and resource
concerns are all parts of the increasingly complex world system in which
leaders must lead.
(58) People in government also need foresight to keep systems running
smoothly, to plan budgets, and to prevent wars. Government leaders today
must deal with a host of mew problems emerging rapid advances in
technology.
Even at the community level, foresight is critical: school officials, for
example, need foresight to assess numbers of students to accommodate,
numbers of teachers to hire, new educational technologies to deploy, and
new skills for students (and their teachers) to develop.
(59) many of the best-known techniques for foresight were developed by
government planers, especially in the military, “thinking about the
unthinkable”.Pioneering futurists at the RAND corporation (the first “t hink
tank”) began seriously considering what new technologies might emerge in
the future and how these might affect security. These pioneering futurists
at RAND, along with others elsewhere, refined a variety of new ways for
thinking about the future.
(60) The futurists recognized that the future world is continuous with the
present world, so we can learn a great deal about what about what may
happen in the future by looking systematically at what is happening now.
(56)
具有远见的艺术博物馆馆长可能会紧跟/顺应电脑图形图像的流行趋势，使展品对较年轻的参观者更具吸引力。
(57)
例如，能干的公司经理可能会注意到当地房价惊人暴涨，这可能会影响在该地区雇佣熟练工人。
(58)
政府工作人员同样也需要远见来保持各个部门的平稳运转、制定预算、和防止战争的爆发。
(59)
以往的许多最着名的超前的/前卫的技术是由政府的规划者/决策者研发
出来的，尤其是在军事技术方面：“思考不可思议的事。”
(60)未来学家意识到，未来世界是现今世界的延续，因此通过有系统地观
察现在正在发生的事，我们能了解到很多未来可能发生的事。
MBA英语翻译历年真题2004年参考答案
2008-01-10 10:37:17
2004年翻译
Section V Translation (10 points)
Directions: In this section there is a passage in English. Translate the five sentences underlined
into Chinese and write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET2.
March 27, 1997, dawned as a normal day at the Collins' home. By the middle of the morning, Jack Collins was at his desk, writing checks, paying bills the way he always had: on time. Then the phone rang, and the nightmare began.
(71) An investigator for a bank was on the line, asking in a severe voice why Collins, a university physicist, was late on payments for a $27,000 car, bought in Virginia the previous year. "I don't have a car like this," Collins protested. The last time he had set foot in Vir~nia was as an officer at a submarine base, three decades ago. But his name was on the contract, and so was his Social Security Number.
During the months that ensued, he and his wife learned that someone had bought four more cars and 28 other items -- worth $113,000 in all m in their name. Their hitherto good credit record had been destroyed. (72) "After a lifetime of being honest," says Collins, "all of a sudden I was basically being accused of stealing and treated like a criminal."
This is what it means to fall prey to a nonviolent but frightening and
fast-growing crime: identity theft. It happens to at least 500,000 new victims each year, according to government figures.
(73) And it happens very easily because every identification number you have m Social Security, credit cards driver's license, telephone m "is a key that unlocks some storage of money or goods," says a fraud (欺诈) program manager of the US Postal Service. "So if you throw away your credit card receipt and I get it and use the number on it, I'm not becoming you, but to the credit card company I've become your account."
(74) One major problems experts say, is that the Social Security Number (SSN) – originally meant only for retirement benefit and tax purposes -- has become the universal way to identify people. It is used as identification by the military, colleges and in billions of commercial transactions.
Yet a shrewd thief can easily snatch your SSN, not only by stealing your
wallet, but also by taking mail from your box, going through your trash for
discarded receipts and bills or asking for it over the phone on some pretext.
Using your SSN, the thief applies for a credit card in your name, asking that
it be sent to a different address than yours, and uses it for multiple purchases.
A couple of months later the credit card company, or its debt collection
agency, presses you for payment.
You don't have to pay the debt, but you must clean up your damaged credit record. (75) Thatmeans getting a means getting a police report and copy of the erroneous contract, and then using them to clear the fraud from your credit reports which is held by a credit bureau. Each step can require a huge amount of effort.
参考译文：
(71)
家银行的调查员打来电话，用严厉的口吻质问柯林斯—一位在大学里工作的物理学家—为什么拖欠去年在弗吉尼亚买的一辆汽车所花的万美元。
(72)
“我一辈子都诚实待人，”柯林斯说，“突然之间，我被指控偷窃，并且被当作罪犯一样对待。”
(73)
美国邮政总局的一位负责诈骗案的项目经理说，“这类事很容易发生，因为你所持有的每一种身份证件号码，譬如社会保险卡、信用卡、驾照以及电话号码，“都是开启你存储钱物的密码。”
(74)
专家们认为，主要问题在于，原来只用于领取退休养老金和征税的社会保险卡号码现在已经成了确认身份的普遍方式。
(75)
这就意味着你必须得到一份警方报告单和假冒/弄错了的合同的复印件，
然后用这些材料消除掉你的信用报告中的欺诈记录，信用报告由信用管理局保管。
MBA英语翻译历年真题2003年参考答案
2008-01-10 10:36:06
2003年翻译
Section V Translation (10 points)
Directions: In this section there is a passage in English. Translate the five sentences underlined into Chinese and write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET2.
Lange, multinational corporations may be the companies whose ups and downs seize headlines. (71) But to a far greater extent than most Americans realize, the economy’s vitality depends on the fortunes of tiny shops and restaurants, neighborhood services and are factories. Small businesses, defined as those with fewer than 100workers,now employ 60 percent of the workforce and expected to generate half of all new jobs between now and the year 2,000. Some million small forms have opened their doors over the past 6 years of economic growth, and 1989 will see an additional 200,000 entrepreneurs striking off on their own.
Too many of these pioneers, however, will blaze ahead unprepared. Idealists will overestimate the clamor for their products or fail to factor in the competition. Nearly everyone will underestimate, often fatally .the capital that success requires. (72) Midcareer executives, forced by a takeover or a restructuring to quit the corporation and find another way to support themselves, may savor the idea of being their own boss but may forget that entrepreneurs must also. at least for a while, be bookkeepers and receptionists, too. According to Small Business Administration data, 24 of every 100 businesses starting out today are likely to disappear in two years, and 27 more will have shut their doors four years from now. By 1995, more than 60 of those 100 start-ups, 77 percent of the companies surveyed were still alive. (73) Most credited their success in large part to having picked a business they already were comfortable in Eighty percent had worked with the same product or service in their last jobs.
Thinking through an enterprise before the launch is obviously critical. But many entrepreneurs forget that a firm’s health in its infancy may be little indication of how well it will age .you must tenderly monitor its pulse, in their zeal, to expand. Small business owners often ignore early warning signs of a stagnant market or of decaying profitability. (74) They hopefully pour more and more into the enterprise, preferring not to acknowledge eroding profit margins that means the market for their ingenious service or product has evaporated, or that they must cut the payroll or vacate their lavish offices. Only when the financial well runs dry do they see the seriousness of the illness, and by then the patient is usually too far gone to save.
Frequent checks of your firm’s vital signs will also guide you to a sensible rate of growth. (75) To snatch opportunity, you must spot the signals that it is time to conquer the new markets, add products or perhaps franchise your
hot ideas.
(71)
但是，绝大多数美国人没有认识到的是，国民经济的活力依赖于那些小型商店和饭馆，以及街道公益事业和街道工厂的财富/命运。
(72)
中层管理人员，因为公司被并购或重组而被迫离开公司，并为了生计另找出路时，可能会欣赏自己做老板的念头，但是也可能忘记了企业家也必须至少在某段时间内也要做计帐员和接待员。
(73)
大多数人把他们的成功归结为他们选择了他们在过去已经熟练的行业。其中80%的人在过去的工作中就和同样的产品和服务打过交道。
(74)
他们满怀希望地不断向企业投钱，不愿意承认其利润空间正在受到侵蚀，而这意味着他们富有创意的产品或服务市场已经消失，或者，他们必须削减工资或者搬出奢华的办公室。
(75)
为了抓住机会，你必须发现信号：该是占领新市场的时候了；该是增加产品类型的时候了；或者也许该是推销你的“金点子”的时候了。
MBA英语翻译历年真题2002年参考答案
2008-01-08 23:29:12 本文已公布到博客频道校园·教育分类
2002年翻译
Section V Translation (10points)
Directions: In this section there is a passage in English. Translate the five
sentences underlined into Chinese and write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET2.
Genius is something that is difficult to measure to measure quantitatively since it is a unique quality, although most of us can recognize genius when we see it or hear it. (71)By contrast intelligence is possibly easier to quantify and like genius is a polygenic①character that can be moulded ②by the environment.
Intelligence is a qualitative trait, which does have a genetic component, but it has a single dimension of expression.(72)There are several limitations in measuring intelligence by a linear③scale ranging from dull to bright, since individuals differ greatly in their genotypes ④.Any number of gene combination may predispose an individual to musical genius, or to
painting ,or to designing computer programs, etc. The possession of any one of these abilities may or may not be associated with another. Moreover, the same genotype may be expressed in markedly different ways in markedly different environments.
(73)For example, intelligence quotient test scores vary considerably with illness and disease, educational, social and economic levels—even the skin color of the examiner conducting the IQ test may have a significant effect! There is also difficulty in deciding what intelligence should be applied to lean Is it related to the enquiring mind or to motivation
Consequently comparisons between an IQ test given to a University student and to an Aborigine in Australia will give meaningless results, since the test is most unlikely to measure the same behavior.(74)Not only are the genotypes and the environments of these two individuals totally different, but their motivations for achievement in particular activities will be different.
Indeed, as some articles, which the problems mentioned above show, people who believe they can estimate genetic and environmental contributions to differences in intelligence between races are statistically nave.
(75)If some races or social groups in the human population can be inferior in intelligence, it opens up the possibility that some segregationists or politicians could bring in legislation or policies to suppress or even eliminate such races or groups in the population.
History certainly shows that this suggestion is quite likely when ruthless are in positions of power.
Can you see why the false scientific conclusions could become dangerous socially and politically
Notes:
(1) Polygenic: having many genes
(2) Mould: to shape or form
(3) Linear: of lines
(4) Genotypes: types of gene
(71)
相反，智力也许更容易量化，而且它像天赋一样，具有一种能够被环境塑造的多基因特征。
(72)
因为各人在基因类型上有很大的差异，所以用一种从愚昧到聪明的直线性尺度来衡量智力是有一定的局限性的。
(73)
比方说，智商测验的得分，会由于疾病状况、教育程度、社会和经济水平而有很大的差异，甚至实施智商测验的主考人的肤色也会对得分有重大的影响。
(74)
这两个人不仅是基因类型和生活环境完全不同，而且他们完成某些活动的动机也极不相同。
(75)
如果人类中某些种族或社会群体在智力上是劣等的，那么就会使某些种族隔离主义者或政客有可能去制定法律或政策来压迫，甚至消灭这些种族和群体。
MBA英语翻译历年真题2001年参考答案
2008-01-08 23:26:14 本文已公布到博客频道校园·教育分类
2001年翻译
PART ⅣTranslation (15%)
Directions:.In this part there is a passage in the five sentences underlined into Chinese and write your translation on the Answer Sheet . .
(56)The types of daydreams, whether they are pleasant and hopeful
or filled with despair take shape in childhood when everyone develops one of three basic daydreaming styles: positive, negative and scattered, American Health reports. Although everyone lapses occasionally into each of these
types, positive daydreamers are more likely to imagine happy, playful or
entertaining of these types, positive daydreamers are more likely to imagine happy, playful or entertaining scenarios. (57)Negative daydreamers tend to dwell on life’s darker side, imagining dangerous and/or life threatening
situations, such as the appearance of a fatal or weakening disease or
becoming a victim of violence. Scattered day dreamers are easily bored and distracted. "Their mental images tend to be fleeting, repetitive and shallow, like variations on the same fairy tales, "explains Yale psychologist Ron
Tower.
(58)While all three types are common, positive imaginations are
likeliest to serve as springboards(跳板)for problem solving, while negative and scattered daydreams may leave a person feeling anxious. Negative
daydreamers are waiting for the other shoe "to fall". Their imaginations are often guilty ridden or obsessive.
There are times when drifting away can cause problems, according to Blodin. "If daydreaming gets in the way of daily function because the
person is doing it all day, the person won’t be very productive," she says.
"The amount of time and the frequency that a person daydreams is what’s important. It should not take up all of your time. (59)If people find their
daydreaming is becoming excessive( 过多的)，they should take a realistic look at what’s going on in their life and ask themsel ves what they are trying to avoid. Then they can assess what steps they need to take to correct the situation."(Anyone who has a hard time discriminating between reality and imagination or starts replacing real life family and friends with imagined
people should seek professional help.)
(60)Professor Singer sums up the advantages of daydreams to the
average person: "by sitting quietly and letting your daydreams emerge
instead of squelching(抑制)them, you may find there are parts of yourself you haven’t been listening to. Instead of fearing them, you’ll gain access to tremendous range of interesting, creative ideas."
(56)
《美国健康》杂志报道说：人们的白日梦类型，不管是令人愉快、充满希望的，还是令人绝望的，在童年时代就已形成，那时候每个人就形成了三种基本白日梦类型中的一种，即积极型的、消极型的或支离破碎型的。
(57)
消极型的白日梦者总是想着生活中比较阴暗的一面，想象着危险的和（或者）威胁生命的情景，诸如出现一种致命的或使人衰弱的疾病，或是自己成了暴力的受害者。
(58)
尽管这三种白日梦类型都很常见，积极型的幻想最有可能作为解决问题的跳板，而消极型和支离破碎型的白日梦可能会使人感到焦虑不安。
(59)
如果人们发现自己的白日梦过多了，那么他们就要现实地看待他们生活中正在发生的事情，并问问自己他们是在力图逃避些什么。
(60)
辛格教授总结了白日梦对普通人的益处：“静静地坐在那里，让你的白日梦浮现出来，而不是抑制它们，你就可以发现有些你自己从未倾听过的关于你自己的部分/内心。”
MBA英语翻译历年真题2001年参考答案
2008-01-08 23:25:22
2001年翻译
PART ⅣTranslation (15%)
Directions:.In this part there is a passage in the five sentences underlined
into Chinese and write your translation on the Answer Sheet . .
(56)The types of daydreams, whether they are pleasant and hopeful
or filled with despair take shape in childhood when everyone develops one of three basic daydreaming styles: positive, negative and scattered, American
Health reports. Although everyone lapses occasionally into each of these
types, positive daydreamers are more likely to imagine happy, playful or
entertaining of these types, positive daydreamers are more likely to imagine
happy, playful or entertaining scenarios. (57)Negative daydreamers tend to dwell on life’s darker side, imag ining dangerous and/or life threatening
situations, such as the appearance of a fatal or weakening disease or
becoming a victim of violence. Scattered day dreamers are easily bored and distracted. "Their mental images tend to be fleeting, repetitive and shallow, like variations on the same fairy tales, "explains Yale psychologist Ron
Tower.
(58)While all three types are common, positive imaginations are
likeliest to serve as springboards(跳板)for problem solving, while negative and scattered daydreams may leave a person feeling anxious. Negative
daydreamers are waiting for the other shoe "to fall". Their imaginations are often guilty ridden or obsessive.
There are times when drifting away can cause problems, according to Blodin. "If daydreaming gets in the way of daily function because the
person is doing it all day, the person won’t be very productive," she says.
"The amount of time and the frequency that a person daydreams is what’s important. It should not take up all of your time. (59)If people find their
daydreaming is becoming excessive( 过多的)，they should take a realistic look at what’s going on in their life and ask themselves what they are trying to avoid. Then they can assess what steps they need to take to correct the situation."(Anyone who has a hard time discriminating between reality and imagination or starts replacing real life family and friends with imagined
people should seek professional help.)
(60)Professor Singer sums up the advantages of daydreams to the
average person: "by sitting quietly and letting your daydreams emerge
instead of squelching(抑制)them, you may find there are parts of yourself you haven’t been listening to. Instead of fearing them, you’ll gain access to tremendous range of interesting, creative ideas."
(56)
《美国健康》杂志报道说：人们的白日梦类型，不管是令人愉快、充满希望的，还是令人绝望的，在童年时代就已形成，那时候每个人就形成了三种基本白日梦类型中的一种，即积极型的、消极型的或支离破碎型的。
(57)
消极型的白日梦者总是想着生活中比较阴暗的一面，想象着危险的和（或者）威胁生命的情景，诸如出现一种致命的或使人衰弱的疾病，或是自己成了暴力的受害者。
(58)
尽管这三种白日梦类型都很常见，积极型的幻想最有可能作为解决问题的跳板，而消极型和支离破碎型的白日梦可能会使人感到焦虑不安。
(59)
如果人们发现自己的白日梦过多了，那么他们就要现实地看待他们生活中正在发生的事情，并问问自己他们是在力图逃避些什么。
(60)
辛格教授总结了白日梦对普通人的益处：“静静地坐在那里，让你的白日梦浮现出来，而不是抑制它们，你就可以发现有些你自己从未倾听过的关于你自己的部分/内心。”
2011 7月 II.Words and phrases translation（20 points，1 point for each） A.Directions: Put the following words and phrases into Chinese. 16.a slender man一个身材瘦长的人17.country-wide trade全国贸易18.the Ethiopian highlands埃塞俄比亚高原19.economic policy经济政策20.great-grandmother(外)曾祖母21.open sea公海 22.part-time river季节性河流23.mineral oil矿物油 24.environmental law环境法25.welcoming banquet欢迎宴会 B.Directions: Put the following words and phrases into English. 26.逃学Play truant 27.军阀政府The warlord government 28.九龙壁The nine dragon wall 29.基本方针Basic principle 30.游记Travel notes 31.祥林嫂Xiang Lin's wife 32.排队to stand in a queue to line up 33.大陆架Continental shelf 34.董事会Board of directors 35.深刻影响 Profound impact 2011 4月 II. Word and Phrase Translation (20 points, 1 point each) 16. appreciation dinner 答谢宴会17. birth defect先天性生理缺陷 18. applied entomology应用昆虫学 19. member state会员国、成员国 20. maternity hospital 妇产医院21. over-the-counter medicine非处方药 22. green belt 防护林、绿化带23. inland waters内陆水域 24. room temperature 室温、常温25. debt chain三角债、债务链 B. Directions: Translate the following words and phrases into English. (Please write the answer on your Answer Sheet.)
学习资料收集于网络，仅供参考 English Lexicology(英语词汇学) 1.English lexicology aims at investigating and studying the morphological structures of English words and word equivalents, their semantic structures, relations, historical development, formation and usages.英语词汇学旨在调查和研究英语单词和单词的等价物的形态结构,其语义结构、关系、历史发展、形成和用法。 2.English Lexicology is correlated with such linguistic disciplines as morphology(形态学), semantics(语义学), etymology(词源学),stylistics（文体论）and lexicography(词典学) Chapter 1--Basic concepts of words and vocabulary 1.Word（词的定义）: A word is a minimal free form of a language that has a given sound and meaning and syntactic function. (1)a minimal free form of a language (2)a sound unity (3)a unit of meaning (4)a form that can function alone in a sentence 词语是语言最小的自由形式，拥有固定的声音和意义以及句法作用。 2.Sound and meaning（声音与意义）: almost arbitrary, “no logical relationship between the sound which stands for a thing or an idea and the actual thing and idea itself”词语是一个符号，代表着世界上其他的事物。每种世界文化已经赞成一定的读音将代表一定的人，事，地方，特性，过程，行动，当然是在语言系统之外。这种象征性的联系几乎总是主观的，并且“在代表事物和思想的声音和实际的事物和思想之间没有法定关系” 3.Sound and form（读音和形式）:不统一的四个原因（1）the English alphabet was adopted from the Romans,which does not have a separate letter to represent each other内因是因为英语字母表采用罗马字母，罗马字母没有独立的字母代表每个读音，因此一些字母代表两个读音或者组合在一起发音。 （2）the pronunciation has changed more rapidly than spelling over the years另一个原因是发音比拼写的变化快，在一些时候还拉开了距离。在最近五百年里，尽管口语发音已经出现了显著的变化，却没有相应的拼写变化。 （3）some of the difference were created by the early scribes第三个原因是一些早期的书写员发明了一些不同。（4）the borrowings is an important channel of enriching the English vocabulary最后借词来了，这是丰富英语词汇的重要途径。 （5）printing印刷已经变得非常普及。它有助于固定单词的拼写、standardization标准化使得拼写不容改变。、dictionary字典在拼写终结中得到好处。 —Old English,The speech of the time was represented very much more faithfully in writing than it is today. 古代英语中的口语比今天更忠实的代表书面语 —The written form of English is an imperfect representation of the spoken form。英语的书写是发音形式不完善的代表 4.What is vocabulary？ （1）Total number of the words in a language一个语言的单词综合 （2）Words used in a particular historical period 特殊历史时期使用的单词 （3）All the words of a dialect，a book ，a discipline...某个方言，书籍，学科中的所有单词 5.Classification of English Words：英语词汇由所有种类的词汇组成。它们可以根据不同的标 准或者不同的目的进行分类。 By use frequency:basic word stock&nonbasic vocabulary根据使用频率，单词可以分为基础词和非基础词。 By notion:content words&functional words可以根据概念分成实词和虚词
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编88 (总分：50.00，做题时间：90分钟) 一、词语翻译(总题数：27，分数：50.00) 1.英译汉 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析： 2.civil law （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：民法) 解析： 3.mass transit （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：公共交通；大容量公共运输(工具)) 解析： 4.wage theory （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：工资理论) 解析： 5.mock epic （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：讽刺史诗) 解析： 6.counterespionage （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：反间谍活动) 解析： 7.high seas （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：公海；远海) 解析： 8.CYO （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：首席元老(Chief Yearly Officer)) 解析： 9.irrigation and drainage （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：灌溉与排水) 解析：
2019年10月自考《00087英语翻译》复习资料 Unit 1 stories 1. He was thirty-six, his youth had passed like a screaming eagle, leaving him old and disillusioned. 他已三十六岁,青春像一路鸣叫的鹰,早已一闪而逝, 留给他的是衰老和幻灭. 2. average height 普通高度 3. gleaming eyes 两眼闪着光辉 4. in his middle twenties 大概是二十五六岁的年龄 5. ignoring the chair offered him, Chu The stood squarely before this youth more than ten years his junior and in a level voice told him who he was, what he had done in the past, how he had fled from Yunnan, talked with Sun Yat-sen, been repulsed by Chen Tu-hsiu in Shanghai, and had come to Europe to find a new way of life for himself and a new revolutionary road for China. 朱德顾不得拉过来的椅子,端端正正地站在这个比他年轻十岁的青年面前,用平稳的语调, 说明自己的身份和经历: 他怎样逃出云南, 怎样会见孙中山, 怎样在上海被陈独秀拒绝, 怎样为了寻求自己的新的生活方式和中国的新的革命道路而来到欧洲. 6. When both visitors had told their stories, Chou smiled a little, said he would help them find rooms, and arrange for them to join the Berlin Communist group as candidates until their application had been sent to China and an answer received. 两位来客把经历说完后,周恩来微笑着说,他可以帮他们找到住的地方,替他们办理加入党在柏林的支部的手续, 在入党申请书寄往中国而尚未批准之前,暂时作候补党员. 7. Chinese Communist Party 中国共产党 8. 两条要求, 忠实------内容, 通顺-------语言 9. Several times on his trips to China, which he made as a guest of the Chinese Government, Bill’s birthday occurred while he was in Beijing. 以中国官方客人的身份, 比尔来访中国已多次了, 而且在北京停留期间恰适他生日也有好几次了. 10. ‘This is for you,’Bill Morrow heard on many occasions he would never forget----such as when he was taken a boat down the Grand Canal and every boat that passed sounded its siren in salutation. Or when he shown over the great Nanjing bridge, built where the ferries used to carry trains across the Changjiang River. He was given a chair and asked to wait a little as darkness came on, then suddenly the whole bridge was outlined in lights. “这是为你安排的.”这句话比尔.莫诺听到过好几次, 每一次都令他难以忘怀. 有一次, 他沿大运河乘船顺水而下,途经的每艘船都鸣笛致敬. 还有一次, 他参观雄伟的南京长江大桥------以前没桥
自考英汉翻译教程词汇整理
Unit 1 lesson 1 1. fellow countrymen 同胞 2. average height 中等身材 3. gleaming eyes 闪光的眼睛 4. in his middle twenties 二十多岁 5. to be seated 招呼坐下 6. stand squarely 端正正地站着 7. more than ten years his junior 比她年轻十几岁 8. revolutionary road 革命道路 9. Chinese communist Party中共 10. full member 正式成员 11. membership 党籍 12. keep a secret 保密 Lesson 2 1. immeasurable contrast 迥然不同 2. to and fro 走来走去 3. upturn face 仰着脸 4. sweet spring 芬芳的春天 5. anger and bitterness 又气愤又苦恼 6. dense fog 大雾 7. tense and anxious 紧张而焦急
8. 五一的下午on the afternoon of May 1st 9. 无言的呼唤wordless cry 10. 探测绳sounding-line Lesson 3 1. 各种流派的different schools 2. 前两天a few days ago 3. 受限制be restricted/be subjected to 4. 传统观念traditional thinking 5. 不合理的制度irrational system 6. 最高境界the highest state 7. 浓妆艳抹heavy make up 8主人公chief character/principal character 9. 花言巧语flowery language 10.社会进步人性发展social progress and human development Unit 2 Lesson 4 1. 工业革命Industrial Revolution 2. 多功能的机器multi-purpose machine 3. 出于自愿和兴趣on one’s own account, out of interest 4. 新兴城市the rising town
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编74 (总分：50.00，做题时间：90分钟) 一、词语翻译(总题数：27，分数：50.00) 1.英译汉 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析： https://www.doczj.com/doc/686300390.html,ernment watchdog （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：政府监督) 解析： 3.carbon footprint （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：碳足迹，碳排放) 解析： 4.Twitter （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：推特) 解析： 5.funemployment （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：失业乐活) 解析： 6.Diesel oil （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：柴油) 解析： 7.汉译英 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析： 8.借词 （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：loanword) 解析： 9.全球暖化 （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：global warming) 解析： 10.经济不景气 （分数：2.00）
全国高等教育自学考试(2018年4月) 00087英语翻译(试题及答案) I. Word and Phrase Translation (20 points, 1 point each) A. Translate the following words and phrases into Chinese. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet. 1.martial arts 2.ticket check https://www.doczj.com/doc/686300390.html,itary forces 4.cultural taboos 5.agricultural waste 6.property law 7.humanitarian aid 8.World Economic Forum 9.public-service advertisements 10.a research university B. Translate the following words and phrases into English. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet. 11.红包12.交通民警 13.面部肌肉14.民族认同 15.虚拟世界16.植物病害 17.消费市场18.人才外流 19.主办城市20.外汇储备 II. Translation Revision (20 points, 2 points each) A. Correct or improve the translation of the following English sentences. Write your revised versions on the Answer Sheet. Example: 原文：Adelaide enjoys a Mediterranean climate. 译文：阿德莱德享有地中海型气候。 改译：阿德莱德属地中海型气候。 21.原文：The organization begins to feel a need to systematize its management of human assets. 译文：该组织开始意识到将人力资源管理系统化的必要。 改译： 22.原文：Of the forces shaping higher education, none is more sweeping than the movement across borders. 译文：在影响高等教育的众多力量中，任何其他力量都比跨国界迁移更加重要。 改译：
自考本科英语专业《英汉翻译教程》词汇翻译汇总 2012年4月 II. Word and Phrase Translation (20 points, 1 point each) A. Translate the following words and phrases into Chinese. Write down your translation on your Answer Sheet. 16. gamma rays 伽马射线17. the New Testament 《新约全书》 18. ecologist 生态学者19. entrepreneurial spirit 创业精神 20. court of appeals 上诉法院21. Royal Society 皇家学会 22. a letter of patent 授权书23. consecutive interpretation 交替翻译 24. instrument of ratification 批准书25. the six-party talks 六方会谈 B. Translate the following words and phrases into English. Write down your translation on your Answer Sheet. 26.诺贝尔奖获得者the Nobel Prize Winner 27.福利基金welfare fund 28.国际经济合作International Economic Cooperation29.珠江三角洲Pear River Delta 30.北洋军阀政府the Northern Warlord Government31.民族团结ethnic harmony 32.金融服务业financial services 33.大陆架continental shelf 34.世界文化遗产world cultural legacy 35.联合国教科文组织United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization 2011年7月 A.Directions: Put the following words and phrases into Chinese. 16.a slender man 身材瘦长17.country-wide trade 国内贸易 18.the Ethiopian highlands 埃塞俄比亚高原 19.economic policy经济政策20.great-grandmother 外祖母 21.open sea 公海 22.part-time river 季节性河流23.mineral oil 矿物油 24.environmental law环境保护法25.welcoming banquet 欢迎宴会 B.Directions: Put the following words and phrases into English. 26.逃学play truant27.军阀政府Warlord Government 28.九龙壁Nine-Dragon Wall 27.基本方针basic policies30.游记travels 31.祥林嫂Aunt Xianglin 28.排队queue up33.大陆架continental shelf 34.董事会board 35.深刻影响profound impact 2011年4月 16. appreciation dinner答谢宴会17. birth defect 天生缺陷 18. applied entomology 应用昆虫学19. member state 成员国(缔约国） 20. maternity hospital 妇产科医院21. over-the-counter medicine成药
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编79 (总分：12.00，做题时间：90分钟) 一、英汉互译(总题数：6，分数：12.00) 1.汉译英（分数： 2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析： 2.2010年12月，为了向年轻一代普及航天科学教育，海南省开始在文昌市建设航天主题公园。公园占地1800亩，紧邻文昌卫星发射中心。工程预计花费30亿元，在2013年完工。这个航天主题公园将分四个展览区，包括地球、月球、火星和太阳。游客甚至可以进入发射台，实地观看火箭发射。 （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：To promote aerospace science and general aviation knowledge among the younger generation, in December 2010, Hainan province begins to build a Space Flight Theme Park in Wenchang Cit-y. Covering an area of 1,800 mu (120 hectares) , the theme park is located at Wenchang Satellite Launch Center. The whole project is estimated to cost 3 billion yuan (455 million U. S. dollars) and is expected to be finished in 2013. The park will have four exhibiti-on sections, featuring the earth, moon, Mars and the sun. Visitors can even enter the launch station and watch the actual rocket launch.) 解析： 3.1957年10月苏联成功发射第一颗人造卫星，揭开了人类历史由地球迈向太空的第一页。此后短短半个世纪里，人类的外空探索活动突飞猛进，取得了辉煌的成就。人类不仅成功登陆月球，而且还将研究的触手伸向火星等更为遥远的星球。截止到2006年底，环绕地球飞行的各类人造物体，包括人造卫星、航天飞机、国际空间站、空间实验室等接近6000个。 （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：On October, 1957, the Soviet Union successfully launched the first artificial satellite, which turned the first page in human history of entering the space. During the half century coming after, humans" explorations in outer space have grown by leaps and bounds and have made brilliant achievements. Humans not only successfully landed on the moon, but also reached toward even more distant planet such as Mars. At the end of 2006, the number of the various types of artificial objects flying around the Earth, including satellites, space shuttles, international space stations, space laboratories, etc. is already close to 6,000.) 解析： 4.博鳌论坛的经历给了刘晓宁不小的打击，生活上的拮据让她开始反思自己做公务员两年多的经历。都说公务员舒服，但刘晓宁每天的工作时间都在10小时以上，加班到晚上八九点钟，是很正常的事。如果有活动，赶工到夜里12点，也是家常便饭。 （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：The experience in Boao Forum is not a small blow to Liu Xiaoning. The bare livelihood forced her to reflect on her life as a civil servant for more than two years. Every one says that civil servants enjoy a comfortable life, but Xiaoning works more than 10 hours everyday. Working overtime until eight or nine in the evening is perfectly normal. When there are activities, staying up to 12 at night is also not uncommon.) 解析： 5.我国人口老龄化对经济增长的潜在影响理论研究认为，老龄化会减少劳动力供给，降低社会储蓄率，导致产出和资本形成能力下降，最终影响经济增长。同时，发达国家的实际表明，随着人口老龄化，养老费用及人均医疗费用均会大幅上升，加重政府财政负担。与发达国家“富老同步”或者“先富后老”相比，
历届高考中译英真题答案 -2012-4 2012年春考 1. It will take several months to finish the task. 2. A concert was held in the park last weekend. 3. Neither he nor his classmates like taking extra classes after school. 4. Many old people who live alone hope that their kids will visit them often. 5. The moment he stepped on
the foreign land, Li Hua realized that it was important to follow the local customs. 2011年秋考 1. Why not / Why don’t you book tickets online / reserve the ticket(s) on the Internet? 2. I often mistake Wang Hai for his twin brother because they look so similar / very much alike. 3. As for parents, nothing can be compared with their children’s physical and
mental health. 4. No longer has she kept in touch with us since she went abroad for further study / education. 5. If you can find whatever learning method (that) suits you, your study / learning efficiency is likely to improve remarkably. 2011年春考 1. We enjoyed a wonderful performance last night. 2. The (super) highway to Nanjing is/was/has been
fellow countrymen 同胞 militarist军阀 Chinese Communist Party 党组织 the Grand Canal （京杭）大运河 Industrial Revolution 工业革命 dawn to dark从早到晚 especially English 具有英国特征的 cottage industry 农村手工业 Indian summer 最后的余辉 stock-raising 畜牧业 Homestead Act 宅地法 wild west 西部荒原 the gold rush 淘金热 basic occupation 基础产业 Department of Agriculture 农业部门 the Nile Delta 尼罗河三角洲 coastal erosion 水土流失 Mediterranean climate 地中海型气候 surveyor general 测量总监 sovereign nation 主权国家 aggregate output 总产量 coastal area 沿海地区 telephone connections 电话用户 economic well-being 生活水平 two way trade 双向贸易 lucrative export market 出口市场 foreign exchange 外汇 sum total 总数 per capita 人均 GNP 国民生产总值 joint ventures 合资企业 net income 净收入 world investment system世界投资体系 the stock of foreign investment 外资存量 major economy 经济大国 the stimulus, the technology and the funding 动力、技术和资金international trade and investment 国际贸易和投资 popular science 科普读物Arctic seas 北冰洋 vegetable oil 植物油 mineral oil煤油 internal combustion engine内燃机
翻硕14年英语翻译基础真题 第一部分短语翻译 英译汉部分(1*15=15’) CA TTI GRE GDP play of words Kumara Jiva semantic translation cultural untranslatability descriptive translation studies idiomatic expressions in English ideological conflict interpreter's booth negative transfer of culture over-loaded translation Robinson Crusoe Gone with the Wind 汉译英部分(1*15=15’) 兵马俑 高等专业人才 高等师范教育 研究生资格考试 形似 端午节 忠、顺 信达雅 文化偏见 黑话 形式与内容的统一 英汉翻译内在规律 《英译汉入门须知》 《词义剖析与词典编纂》 官方语言 第二部分文章翻译 英译汉(60’) A reader in Florida, apparently bruised by some personalexperience, writes in to complain, “If I steal a nickel's worth of merchandise,I am a thief and punished; but if I steal the love of another's
wife, I amfree.” This is a prevalent misconception in many people'sminds---that love, like merchandise, can be “stolen”。Numerous states, in fact,have enacted laws allowing damages for “alienation of affections”。 But love is not a commodity; the real thing cannot be bought,sold, traded or stolen. It is an act of the will, a turning of the emotions, achange in the climate of the personality. When a husband or wife is “stolen” by another person, thathusband or wife was already ripe for the stealing, was already predisposedtoward a new partner. The “love bandit” was only taking what was waiting to betaken, what wanted to be taken. We tend to treat persons like goods. We even speak of thechildren “belonging” to their parents. But nobody “belongs” to anyone else. Eachperson belongs to himself, and to God. Chil dren are entrusted to their parents,and if their parents do not treat them properly, the state has a right toremove them from their parents' trusteeship. Most of us, when young, had the experience of a sweetheartbeing taken from us by somebody more attractive and more appealing. At thetime, we may have resented this intruder---but as we grew older, we recognizedthat the sweetheart had never been ours to begin with. It was not the intruderthat “caused” the break, but the lack of a real relationship. On the s urface, many marriages seem to break up because of a“third party”. This is, however, a psychological illusion. Theother woman orthe other man merely serves as a pretext for dissolving or a marriage that hadalready lost its essential integrity. Nothing is more futile and more self-defeating than thebitterness of spurned love, the vengeful feeling that someone else has “comebetween” oneself and a beloved. This is always a distortion of reality, forpeople are not the captives or victims of others---they are free agents,working out their own destinies for good or for ill. But the rejected lover or mate cannot afford to believe thathis beloved has freely turned away from him--- and so he ascribes sinister ormagical properties to the interloper. He calls him a hypnotist or a thief or ahome-breaker. In the vast majority of cases, however, when a home is broken,the breaking has begun long before any “third party” has appeared on the scene. 关于凯程： 凯程考研成立于2005年，国内首家全日制集训机构考研，一直致力于高端全日制辅导，由李海洋教授、张鑫教授、卢营教授、王洋教授、杨武金教授、张释然教授、索玉柱教授、方浩教授等一批高级考研教研队伍组成，为学员全程高质量授课、答疑、测试、督导、报考指导、方法指导、联系导师、复试等全方位的考研服务。 凯程考研的宗旨：让学习成为一种习惯 凯程考研的价值观口号：凯旋归来，前程万里 信念：让每个学员都有好最好的归宿 使命：完善全新的教育模式，做中国最专业的考研辅导机构 激情：永不言弃，乐观向上 敬业：以专业的态度做非凡的事业 平衡：找到工作、生活、家庭的平衡点 服务：以学员的前途为已任，为学员提供高效、专业的服务，团队合作,为学员服务，为学