英美概况模拟试题
单项选择
Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statem ent or question four suggested answers A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statement or answers the question: (20 points)
1. The Bill of Rights is the term for the first amendments to the Constitution.
a. ten B. eleven c. twelve d. thirteen
2. The President of the United States is head of the branch.
a. legislative
b. executive
c. judicial
d. party
3. The Emancipation Proclamation was issued by during the Civil War.
a. George Washington
b. Abraham Lincoln
c. Thomas Jefferson
d. Franklin Roosevelt
4. The 1920s in the United States has been described as a period of .
a. cultural revival
b. loss of purpose
c. development in science and technology
d. material success and spiritual frustration
5. It was who first called Native Americans “Indians”.
a. Lincoln
b. Columbus
c. Washington
d. Jefferson
6. The United States did not join the Second World War directly until
a. Great Depression
b. Pearl Harbor incident
c. the Japanese attack on China
d. the German attack on Poland
7. When we speak of “father of waters” or “old man river”, we are referring to .
a. the Colorado River b . the Ohio River
c. the Missouri River
d. the Mississippi River
8. Celts were different groups of ancient people who came originally from .
a. France
b. Denmark
c. Ireland
d. Germany
9. The Declaration of Independence was adopted by the Continental Congress on July 4, .
a. First/1774
b. First /1776
c. Second/1774
d. Second/1776
10. The British recorded history begins with .
a. the arrival and settlement of Celts
b. the Norman Conquest
c. Roman invasion
d. Viking and Danish invasions
11. The predecessor of the English parliament is .
a. the Great council
b. the Witan
c. the House of Plantagenet
d. Magna Carta
12. Civil Rights Movement happened in .
a. the 1960s
b. the 1950s
c. the 1940s
d. the 1930s
13. The , the backbone of the North American continent, is also known as the Continental Divide.
a. Appalachians
b. Rockies
c. Blue Ridge Mountains
d. Great Smokies
14. To help the British East India Company out of difficulty, the British government allo wed the
company to sell at a lower price in the colonies through its own people.
a. coffee
b. spice
c. silk
d. tea
15. About half of the Britain’s trade is with .
a. the United States
b. South-east Asia
c. the EC
d. the Latin America
16. The House of Commons consists of Members of Parliament.
a. 651
b. 1,200
c. 1,198
d. 763
17. Most Americans lived in .
a. city areas
b. countryside
c. mountain areas
d. river valleys
18. The British Parliament has a maximum duration of years.
a. four
b. six
c. eight
d. five
19. Of the five Great Lakes on the border between Canada and the United States,
is the only one entirely in the U. S.
a. Lake Huron
b. Lake Ontario
c. Lake Michigan
d. Lake Erie
20. The Chartist Movement was officially launched at a great meeting in Birmingham in , with the
aim of pressing the Parliament to accept the People
’s Charter.
a. 1836
b. 1838
c. 1840
d. 1842
二．是非题
Read the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is True or False: ( 20 points)
( )1. The Articles of Confederation is the oldest written constitution in the world. ( ) 2. America is a name given by Columbus.
( ) 3. The United Kingdom is a federal, not a unitary state.
( ) 4. The Anglo-Saxon Conquest was important in English history because it laid the fou ndation
on which the English nation was to be formed.
( ) 5. To the west of Great Britain is the second largest island known as Scotland. ( ) 6. The checks and balance system in America was based on division of power. ( ) 7. London, the capital of the UK, is situated on the Severn River near its mouth. ( ) 8. The Great Charter was signed in 1215 by King John.
( ) 9. James I was the king who was executed during the English Bourgeois Revolution. ( ) 10. The Chartist Movement finally succeeded and it constituted a glorious page in the history of
the workers’ struggle for liberation.
( ) 11. Grammar schools emphasize academic studies and teach a wide range of subjects. ( )12. Members of Parliament (MPs) are those who inherit the noble titles.
( ) 13. British people chose Franklin Roosevelt as Prime Minister in 1940 when the W.W. II broke
out.
( ) 14. Henry VII was responsible for the founding the Church of England.
( ) 15. The destruction of the Spanish Armada not only established the position of Englan d as a
major sea power but also paved the way for its foreign expansion.
( ) 16. It was the Angles who gave their name to England and the English people. ( ) 17. The first successful English colony in North America was planted in Virginia in 16 20.
( ) 18. The Wars of the Roses affected the ordinary people very much.
( ) 19. The Queen formally appoints all government office holders except the Prime Mini ster.
( ) 20. The Hundred Y ear’s War refers to the intermittent war between France and Englan d that
lasted from 1337 to 1453.
三
Explain the following terms in English: (20 points) 1. The Great Depression 2. Industr ial Revolution 3. Melting Pot 4. Black Death
5. American Constitution 四．简答题
Give an one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. (10 points) 1. When was the Second War with England in American history? 2. What are the two major pol itical parties in Britain? 3. What is the general climate in Britain?
4. Which American president was involved in Watergate Affair?
5. What is the most i mportant river in Britain? 五．论述题
Write between 100-150 words on the following topic: (10 points) Norman Conquest a nd its influence? Key to Model 1
英美概况模拟试题（一）一．
1~5 abbdb 6~10 bdddc 11~15 aabdc 16~20aadcb 二．
1~5 FFFTF 6~10 TFTFF 11~15 TFFFT 16~20TFFFT 三．
1．On October 24, 1929, the American stock market crashed. Billions of dollars of pa per profits were wiped out within a few hours. This led to a long economic depression .
2. The Industrial Revolution refers to the mechanization of industry and the conseque nces in social and economic organization in Britain in the late 18th and early 19th cen turies. Britain was the first country to industrialize. The Industrial Revolution in Britai n first began in the textile industry.
3. Since the United States is a nation of many ethnic groups, it is also known as a “m elting pot,” meaning immigrants from different nations all over the world have mixe
d to mak
e up the American nation.
4. Black Death was the modern name given to the deadly bubonic plague, an epidemic
disease spread by rat fleas. It spread through Europe in the 14th century. It swept thro ugh England in the summer of 1348 without warning. It killed many people. As a resu lt of the plague, much land was left untended and there was a terrible shortage of labor .
5. The Constitution of the United States is the basic instrument of American governme nt and the supreme law of the land. It is the oldest written constitution in the world. It was drawn up in 1787 and went into effect in 1789. It founded federalism and introdu ced checks and balances into government for the first time in history. 四．
1. The Second War between America and England was during 1812~1814.
2. The two major political parties in Britain are Conservative Party and Labor Party.
3. Britain enjoys maritime climate.
4. Richard Nixon was involved in Watergate Scandal.
5. The most important river in Britain is Thames River. 五．
In 1066 the army of William, Duke of Normandy, defeated King Harold’s troops. He was crowned King of England. He then built a string of defense castle en sure his military control of the whole country. This is the Norman Conquest in British history. After the Norman Conquest, William the Conqueror confiscated almost all the land and gave it to his Norman followers. He replaced the weak Saxon rule with a str ong Norman government. So the feudal system was completely
established, England. Relations with the Continent were opened. The civilization and commerce were extended. Norman-French culture, language, manners, and architectur e ere introduced.
英美概况模拟试题（二）
https://www.doczj.com/doc/6a135173.html, 2003-7-20 庄舍茶馆
一．单项选择题
Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished s tatement or question four suggested answers A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statement or answers the question: ( 20 points ) 1. Frankl in Roosevelt’s program for the depression was called . a. Progressivism b. laissez faire c. New Free dom d. New Deal
2. The United States did not join the Second World War directly until in December, 19
41. a. Great Depression b. Pearl Harbor incident
c. the Japanese attack on China
d. the German attack on Poland
3. From 1649 to 1658 England was called a Commonwealth. It was ruled first by Oliv er Cromwell as .
a. Lord Protector
b. Lieutenant General
c. Commander of the New Model Army
d. President 4. Ireland is in the of Great Britai n. a. east b. south c. west d. north 5. WASPs referred to .
a. the mainstream Americans
b. Hispanics
c. Asian-Americans
d. Blacks
6. Lincoln's Emancipation proclamation and the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constit ution formally ended .
a. the immigration movement
b. the Civil War
c. the slave system
d. the industrializati on
7. About a hundred years ago, as a result of imperialist expansion, Britain ruled one fo urth of the world people and of the world’s land area.
a. one third
b. one fifth
c. one fourth
d. tow fifths 8. The Celt’s religion was .
a. Teutonic religion
b. Christianity
c. Druidism
d. Buddhism
9. The spirit of the Great Charter was the limitation of the powers of , keeping them w ithin the bounds of the feudal law of the land.
a. the Archbishop of Canterbury
b. the barons
c. the church
d. the king
10. The ultimate authority for law-making resides in the . a. the House of Lords b. the House of Commons c. the Privy Council d. the Shadow Cabinet 11. The English Rena issance was largely .
a. religious
b. ideological
c. philosophical
d. literary
12. In the Industrial Revolution, changes occurred earliest and quickest in . a. hardwar
e b. textile c. pottery d. chemicals
13. The Romans led by Julius Caesar launched their first invasion on Britain in .
a. 200B. C.
b. 55 B. C.
c. 55 A. D.
d. 410 A. D. 14. The Hundred Years’ War started in . a. 1733 b. 1453 c. 1337 d. 1357
15. Civil Rights Movement happened in .
a. the 1960s
b. the 1950s
c. the 1940s
d. the 1930s
16. The open declaration of the containment policy was made by on March 12, 1949 i n a speech to the joint session of Congress.
a. President Roosevelt
b. President Kennedy
c. General Marshall
d. President Truman
17. The House of Commons consists of Members of Parliament. a. 651 b. 1,200 c. 1, 198 d. 763
18. About half of the Britain’s trade is with . a. the United States b. South-east Asia c. the EC d. the Latin America
19. The British recorded history begins with .
a. the arrival and settlement of Celts
b. the Norman Conquest
c. Roman invasion
d. Vi king and Danish invasions
20. At the beginning of the First World War, the United States pursued a policy of .
a. containment
b. neutrality
c. pro-Germany partiality
d. pro-Ally partiality 二．是非题
Read the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is True or False: ( 20 points ) ( ) 1. The Bill of Rights is the term for the first twelve amendments to the Constitution.
( ) 2. The stock market crash in 1929 was the beginning of a long economic depressio n in the U. S. ( ) 3. George Washington was the first president of the United States. ( ) 4. The system of the parliamentary government of the U.K. is based on a written co nstitution. ( ) 5. Benjamin Franklin alone drafted the Declaration of Independence, an d on July 4, 1776, the Congress adopted the declaration.
( ) 6. Britain was the first country to start the Industrial Revolution which contributed
to the
https://www.doczj.com/doc/6a135173.html,/view/c25b7d0bf78a6529647d53a5.html
外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期英美概况答题纸（第1页）（共2页）外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期英美概况答题纸（第2页）（共2页）
III. Read the following sentences carefully and then decide whether they are true or fa lse: （每题2分，共20分）
( ) 1. Half of the U.S. population lives in the western metropolitan centers.
( ) 2. America was names after Amerigo Vespucci, who arrived on the new continent after Columbus. ( ) 3. Many American people approved of the Vietnam War.
( ) 4.On March 19, 2003, American and United Nation’s troops, supported by several other countries,
began an invasion of Iraq.
( ) 5. Bill of Rights was written into the Constitution in 1787. ( ) 6. Like Britain, the United States has a two-party system. ( ) 7. America is the world’s largest industrial nation.
( ) 8. Thanksgiving Day falls on the fourth Tuesday in November.
( ) 9. Canada is the second largest country in the world in terms of territory. ( ) 10. C anada was the first country in the world to allow same-sex marriage. IV. Give the bri ef answer to the following questions: （每题2分，共10分）
1. What is the full name of America?
2. Who is the American President now?
3. What are the two main parties in America?
4. Who is the Prime Minister of Australia now?
5. What animal and bird is Australia famous for?
V. Fill in the following blanks: （每题2分，共20 分)
Benjamin Franklin
Rip Van Winkle Nathaniel Hawthorne
Moby Dick Mark Twain
The Portrait of a Lady Theodore Dreiser
The Old Man and the Sea Saul Bellow
Death of a Salesman
VI. State your understanding of the following question and topic in about 100 words （共10 分)
What was the cause of the American Civil War?
外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期
答题纸英美概况
题号 I
II
III
IV
V
VI
外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期英美概况答题纸（第1页）（共2页）外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期英美概况答题纸（第2页）（共2页）
I. Multiple Choice: （每题1分，共20分）
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10
11． 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. II. Translate the special ter ms into Chinese: （每题2分，共20分）
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7 8. 9. 10 III. Read the following sentences carefu lly and then decide whether they are true or false: （每题2分，共20分）
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10 IV. Give the brief answer to the foll owing questions: （每题2分，共10分）
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
V．Fill in the blanks: （每题2分，共20 分)
Benjamin Franklin
Rip Van Winkle Nathaniel Hawthorne
Moby Dick Mark Twain
The Portrait of a Lady Theodore Dreiser
The Old Man and the Sea Saul Bellow
Death of a Salesman
VI. State your understanding of the following question:（共10 分)
外语系2006级专科2008-2009学年第一学期
答案英美概况
题号 I
II
III
IV
VI
I. Multiple Choice:（每题1分，共20分）
1. a
2. b
3. b
4. c
5. d
6. d
7. b
8. c
9. c 10 a
11. b 12. a 13. c 14. c 15. b 16. b 17. a 18. b 19. c 20. d
外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期英美概况答题纸（第1页）（共2页）外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期英美概况答题纸（第2页）（共2页）
II. Translate the special terms into Chinese: （每题2分，共20分）（
1. 不列颠群岛
2. 苏格兰方格呢短裙
3. 圣保罗大教堂
4. 英王詹姆士钦定版《圣经》
5．威斯敏斯特教堂 6. 司法制度 7. 沙漠风暴行动 8.枢密院 9. 国会议 10 内政大臣 III.Read the following sentences carefully and then decide whether they are true o r false: （每题2分，共20分）
1. F
2. T 3 . F 4. T 5. F 6. T 7 T 8. F 9. F 10 T IV. Give the brief answer to the following questions: （每题2分，共10分）
1. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
2. She promoted furthe r industrial revolution, the building of railways and the growing of trade and commerce.
3. The Central Powers and the Allied Powers.
4. Gordon Brown.
5.The Conservative Party and the Labour Party.
V．Fill in the blanks: （每题2分，共20 分)
Thomas Moore Utopia
Daniel Defoe Robinson Crusoe Charles Dickens A Tale of Two Cities Jane Austen Pri de and Prejudice Emily Bronte Wuthering Heights Thomas Hardy The Return of the Native D. H. Lawrence Sons and Lovers
Oscar Wilde
The Picture of Dorian Gray
T.S. Eliot The Waste Land Virginia Woolf To The Lighthouse
VI． Answer the question: （每题10分，共10分）
The Industrial Revolution changed Britain in many ways. First, industrial productivity increased dramatically. Britain became the most advanced industrial country and also the financial center in the world. Second, urbanization took place. Many new cities sp rang up . Third, it caused great changes in the class structure. The old social classes de clined, and new ones emerged and developed.
外语系2006级专科2008-2009学年第一学期
答案英美概况题号 I
III
IV
V
I. （20分）
The United States “is not merely a nation but a nation of nations”. The immigrants came in waves, including the Europeans, the Africans and the Asians. Therefore, Ame rica was described as “a melting pot” where various
racial and ethnic groups were combined into one culture. Recently, American have be en called a “salad” in that people of different races and ethnic groups mix harmonio usly but at the same time keep their distinct culture and custom.
外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期英美概况答题纸（第1页）（共2页）外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期英美概况答题纸（第2页）（共2页）
II. (20分)
The issue of slavery was the focus of American politics, economics and cultural lif e by the mid-19th
century. The Southern planters needed a large number of laborers to manage their plan tations and they regarded the black slaves as their property. In the North, with the dev elopment of industry, there was a growing demand for free labor. What’s more, the Northerners demanded a law protecting tariffs and asked the government t o finance the building of railways and roads, but the Southerners were strongly agains t it and advocated free trade so that they could purchase cheaper goods from foreign c ountries. The accumulating conflicts led to the division of the North and the South an d finally the Civil War. III. (共20分)
Benjamin Franklin Poor Richard’s Almanac Washington Irving Rip Van Winkle Nathaniel Hawthorne The Scarlet Lett er Herman Melville Moby Dick
Mark Twain The Adventure of Tom Sawyer Henry James The Portrait of a Lady T heodore Dreiser Sister Carrie
Earnest Hemingway The Old Man and the Sea Saul Bellow Dangling Man Arthur Miller Death of a Salesman
IV. （20分）
There are two main reasons that attract immigrants to Australia. One is the Australian immigration policy and tradition. Australia has a great international reputat ion for its diversity and tolerance. It accepts and respects the right of all people to exp ress and share the individual cultural heritage. It emphasizes the equality of all people in the labor market and social life. The other is Australia’s good natural and living environment.
V．（20 分）
The Treaty of Waitangi was signed in 1840 by representatives of British Crown and
chiefs of the indigenous Maori people, making New Zealand a British colony. Accord ing to the treaty, the Chief of the Maori people gave the Queen of Britain guaranteed t o protect all the Maori people and give them the same rights and duties of citizenship as British subjects. The Treaty of Waitangi is also known as New Zealand’s founding document, and it marked the beginning of Modern New Zealand.
外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期
答案英美概况
题号 I
II
III
IV
V
VI
I. Multiple Choice: （每题1分，共20分）
1. c
2. a
3. c
4. a
5. b
6. d
7. d
8. a
9. b 10. b
11． b 12. d 13. c 14. c 15. d 16. b 17. b 18. c 19. a 20. c II. Translate t he special terms into Chinese: （每题2分，共20分）
1.阿巴拉契亚山脉
2. 夏威夷坚果
3. 长崎
4. 弹劾
5. 五
角大楼
6. 中央情报局
7. 初选
8. 美国有线新闻网
9. 点数制度 10. 残奥会
III. Read the following sentences carefully and then decide whether they are true or fa lse: （每题2分，共20分）
外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期英美概况答题纸（第1页）（共2页）外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期英美概况答题纸（第2页）（共2页）
1. F
2. T
3. F
4. F
5. F
6. T
7. T
8. F
9. T 10 F IV. Give the brief ans wer to the following questions: （每题2分，共10分）
1. The United States of America.
2. Barak Obama
3. The Democratic Party and the Republic Party.
4. Kevin Rudd
5. Kangarro and kiwi bird.
V．Fill in the blanks: （每题2分，共20 分)
Benjamin Franklin Poor Richard’s Almanac Washington Irving Rip Van Winkle Nathaniel Hawthorne The Scarlet Lett er Herman Melville Moby Dick
Mark Twain The Adventures of Tom Sawyer Henry James The Portrait of a Lady T heodore Dreiser Sister Carrie
Earnest Hemingway The Old Man and the Sea Saul Bellow Dangling Man Arthur Miller Death of a Salesman
VI. State your understanding of the following question:（共10 分)
The issue of slavery was the focus of American politics, economics and cultural
life by the mid-19th century. The Southern planters needed a large number of laborers to manage their plantations and they regarded the black slaves as their property. In the North, with the development of industry, there was a growing demand for free labor. What’s more, the Northerners demanded a law protecting tariffs and asked the government t o finance the building of railways and roads, but the Southerners were strongly agains t it and advocated free trade so that they could purchase cheaper goods from foreign c ountries. The accumulating conflicts led to the division of the North and the South an d finall
学院 专业班级 学 号 姓 名 教室 号 座位 号 . ———— 装 —————订 — ————线——————外——————不——————要——————答 — ———— 题 — ——— ( 第 1 页， 共6 页 ) 页 ) ( 第 2 页， 共 6 页 ) 湖南涉外经济学院2016-2017学年度第 一 学期期末课程 《英语国家概况》考察试卷 专业年级： 2014级商英本科 考核方式：闭卷 考试时量：90分钟 试卷类型： 题 号 一 合计 复核人 应得分 100 实得分 得分 评卷人 复核人 I.You are required to interpret the following terms.（10X5′） One Standard English Two Magna Carta Three The Reformation Four The Seperation of Three Powers Five Thatcherism Six Critical Realism Eight Thanksgiving Day Nine the Lost Generation Ten Industial Revolution II You are required to answer the following questions.(5X10) 1. How does the english language develops into a universal lingua franca? 2. What is the British Empire? 3. What do we know about the Renaissance? 4. Why is American regarded as a “nation of immigrants ”? 5. What is your understanding of “checks and balance ”?
英美概况解答题 1.Why is the climate of Britain much milder than of many places in the same latitude? a.The climate of Britain is moderated by the Atlantic Gulf Stream. b.It is influenced by the west wind belt, which blow over the country all the year round and bring warm and wet air from the Atlantic Ocean. c.Topography of Great Britain .Britain is surrounded by seawaters, which can balance the seasonal differences by heating up the land in winter and cooling it off in summer. 2. What are the characteristics of the British economy? a. Britain is one of the world’s most advanced manufacturing and trading nations. b. Its currency, the pound sterling, is the exchange currency for about one third of the world’s foreign trade. c. the British economy was the first to have been fully industrialize d. d. British agriculture does not produce enough food to meet the country’s basic needs, and therefore part of all vital foodstuffs has to be imported.. e. the British labour force is remarkably homogeneous. 3. Why do British people think of themselves as Englishmen, Scotsmen, Welshmen and Irishmen, not as Britons? The British people have a way of living together without really doing so, that is peculiarly British. In normal times they take the national division very much for granted. They have their own way traditions. For example, Scotland has its own national church and its own system of law. Wales possesses a language and a culture of its own. 4.What were the consequences of the Norman Conquest? a.The Norman Conquest caused important consequences. It increased the process of feudalism. b.William the Conqueror established a strong monarchy in England. c.In 1086 William the Conqueror had his officials go through England and make a general survey of the land, known as the Domesday Book. d.After the conquest William retained most of the old English customs of government. e.The Norman Conquest also brought about changes in church. f.Along with the Normans came the French language. 5.In what ways did Henry II consolidate the monarchy? a.Henry II took some measures to consolidate the monarchy. Firstly, he carried out a series of reforms to strengthen his power. He strengthened the Great Council .But the most important step is that the Royal powers of justices were greatly expanded. b.As for administration, the major reform of his reign was the Inquest of Sheriffs in 1170. c.In 1181 Henry issued the “Assize of Arms”. d.Henry II wanted to restore the relationship between church and state that had existed under the Norman kings. 6.What were the comments and the nature of the Great Charter? Comments: (1)The king was not to exact extra payments from the feudal vassals (or towns) without their consent;(2)that laws were not to be modified by arbitrary action of the king;(3)if the king should attempt to free himself from the law, the vassals had the right to force the king to obey it, by civil war or by otherwise. Nature: (1)The Great Charter was essentially a feudal document.(2)It had a progressive
The United Kingdom I. Multiple Choice 1. The was “the greatest progressive revolution that mankind had so far experienced, a time which called for giants and produced giants—giants in power of thought, passion, and character, in universality and learning”(Engels). a. Renaissance b. Industrial Revolution c. Reformation d. Bourgeois Revolution 2. is regarded as the first English Prime Minster. a.D uke of Willington b.William Gladstone c.Benjamin Disraeli d.Sir Robert Walpole 3. The official head of Parliament is . a. the Prime Minister b. the Monarch c. the Speaker d. the Chancellor 4. The present sovereign of Britain is . a. Elizabeth I b. Elizabeth II
c. Elizabeth III d. Edward II 5. is a day to commemorate the crucifixion of Jesus Christ. a. Christmas b. Good Friday c. Easter Monday d. Boxing Day 6. published his book On the Origin of Species which caused a stir in Victorian times. a. Adam Smith b. Charles Darwin c. Thomas More d. Francis Bacon 7. The largest section of Great Britain is . a. Scotland b. Wales c. England d. Northern Ireland 8. The Lake District is well known for . a. its wild and beautiful scenery b. its varied lakes c. the Lake Poets
I.Explain the following terms: 1.the British Isles 2.Poets’ Corner 3.EU 4.the Conservative Party 5.the Seven Year’s War 6.WASPs 7.“roaring 20s” 8.melting pot 9.British Empire 10.system of US politic I.Translate the following into Chinese: 1.Westminster Abby 2.the Church of England https://www.doczj.com/doc/6a135173.html,monwealth 4.Mr. Speaker 5.Judicial System 6.the Great Charter 7.the House of Plantagenet 8.Puritans 9.monopoly capitalism 10.the first Pan-American Conferencce II.Multi-choices: 1.The longest river in Britain is the _____ River. (Severn, Thames, Mersey, Humber) 2.The leading anthracite coalfields in Britain are in__ (Scotland, England, Wales, ) 3.The English people are descendants of____ (Celts, Roman, Anglo-Saxons) 4.The established church of Britain is___ (the Church of England, Free churches, ) 5.Easter is kept, commemorating the __ (coming, birth, death, resurrection) of Jesus Christ. 6.In Britain, government cannot spend any money without the permission of___. (the Queen, the Prime Minister, the House of Commons, the House of Lords) 7.All the government ministers of Britain must be members of_____. (the House of Lords, the House of Common, the Privy Council, Parliament) 8.___ is the largest state of the US in area.(Hawii, Texas, Alaska, Pennsylvania) 9.The dominant ethnic group in the US today is_____. (the black people, WASPs, Asian Americans, Hispanics) 10.People in the US have kept moving westward for reasons except___. (religious freedom, fertile soil in the West, good climate in the west, discovery gold) 11.The Constitution of the United State was framed in ___in 1787. (Washington, Boston, New York, Philadelphia) 12.The President of the US exercises the ____ power. (legislative, executive, judicial, veto) 13.Congress can veto the President’s veto by a ___ vote of the full membership of Both houses.(two-fifths, two-thirds, three-fourths, three-fifths) 14.The Constitution of US says that only___ can declare war upon other nation.
2013-2014学年度第一学期 英国国家概况期末试题 （考试时间120分钟，总分100分） 班级姓名成绩 得分评卷人复查人 I. Multiple Choice Questions. (50 points, 2 point for each) Directions: In this part of the test, there are 50 unfinished statements or questions. For each of the unfinished statements or questions, four suggested answers, marked A. B, C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on your Answer Sheet. I. Different Names for Britain and its Parts： 1.The British Isles are made up of________ A.two large islands and hundreds of small ones B. two large islands and Northern Ireland C. three large islands and hundreds of small ones D. three large islands and Northern Ireland 2. There are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain. They are_______ A.Britain，Scotland and Wales B. England，Scotland and Wales C. Britain，Scotland and Ireland D. England，Scotland and Ireland 3.The Commonwealth of Nations is an association of independent countries______ A. that have a large number of British immigrants B. that fought on the side of Britain in the two world wars C. that speak English as their native language D. that were once colonies of Britain 4. About a hundred years ago，as a result of imperialist expansion，Britain ruled an empire that had one fourth of the world's people and ______of the world's land area. A.one third B. one fifth C. one fourth D. two fifths 5.The earliest invasion of England is that by _____. A. the Iberian B. the Danes C. the Celts D. the Anglo-Saxons 6.the Celts religion was _____. A.Christianity B. Druidism C. Norman belief D. Roman Catholic 7.the Anglo-Saxons brought _____ religion to Britain.
英语专业考研英美概况自测题（一） British Survey Test Part I Geography 1. The total area of the U.K. is _____. A. 211,440 B. 244,110 C. 241,410 D. 242,534 2. England occupies the _____ portion of the U.K. A. northern B. eastern C. southern 3. The most important part of the U.K. in wealth is _____. A. Northern Ireland B. England C. Scotland 4. _____ is on the western prominence between the Bristol Channel and the Dee estuary. A. Wales B. Scotland C. England 5. Wales was effectively united with England in the _____ century. A. 14th B. 15th C. 16th 6. By the Act of Union of _____ Scotland and the kingdom of England and Wales were constitutionally joined as the Kingdom of Britain. A. 1707 B. 1921 C. 1801 7. Physiographically Britain may be divided into _____ provinces. A. 13 B. 12 C. 14 8. Mt. Ben Nevis stands in _____. A. the Scottish Highlands B. Wales C. England 9. The main rivers parting in Britain runs from _____. A. north to south B. south to north C. east to west 10. Cheviot hills lie along the border between _____ and England. A. Scotland B. Wales C. Vale of Eden 11. The longest river in Britain is _____. A. Severn B. Clyde C. Bann 12. London is situated on the River of _____. A. Parret B. Thames C. Spey 13. Edinburgh is the capital of _____. A. England B. Scotland C. Wales 14. The rivers flowing into the _____ are mainly short. A. North Sea B. English Channel C. Dee estuary 15. Mt. Snowdon stands in _____. A. Scotland B. Wales C. England 16. The source of the important River Thames is in the _____. A. Cotswolds B. Oxford Clay C. Pennines 17. About _____ of the water requirements are obtained from underground sources. A. 50% B. 38% C. 42% 18. Gaelic is mainly spoken in _____. A. Scotland B. England C. Northern Ireland 19. The Bank of England was nationalized in _____. A. 1964 B. 1946 C. 1694
第7章美国文学 7.1 复习笔记 I. A General Introduction II. Fiction III. Poetry IV. Drama I. A General Introduction (简要介绍) 1. The history of American literature is comparatively short, roughly about 200 years. 美国文学的历史很短，大约200年。 2. Many famous writers have earned great fame in the world, such as Walt Whitman, Mark Twain, Theodore Dreiser, and Ernest Hemingway. 很多著名作家已赫然立于世界文坛之上。例如惠特曼、马克·吐温、西奥多·德莱赛和欧内斯特·海明威。 II. Fiction (小说) 1. America did not have its fiction until Washington Irving. 美国的小说从华盛顿·欧文开始。
2. American contemporary literature has continued to undergo healthy development in producing new forms and new language. 美国的现代文学继续健康发展，不断涌现出新的形式和新的语言。 3. In 1990s, American literature takes much newer directions and varieties in quality. 20世纪90年代，美国文学呈现出很多新的趋势和种类。 4. There appeared some famous fiction writers in American literature. 美国文学史上出现了很多著名的小说家。 (1) Washington Irving (1783—1859) (华盛顿·欧文) ①Regarded as the “father of American literature”, Washington Irving was the first American to achieve international literary reputation. ②His most famous story “Rip Van Winkle”helps Irving earn great fame in the literary world. ①华盛顿·欧文是第一个在国际上享有盛誉的美国作家，被称为“美国文学之父”。 ②他最著名的故事是“瑞普·凡·温克尔”，使欧文在文学界获得很高的名望。 (2) Nathaniel Hawthorne(1804—1864) (纳撒尼尔·霍桑) ①Hawthorne is a famous American writer in romantic fiction and a pioneer in psychological description. ②His most famous novel is The Scarlet Letter. ①霍桑是美国浪漫主义小说的著名作家，也是心理描写方面的先驱。 ②他最著名的小说是《红字》。 (3) Mark Twain(1835—1910) (马克·吐温)
4. The 1920s in the United States has been described as a period of .在美国20世纪20年代，被描述为一个物质和精神沮丧的成功 7. When we speak of “father of waters” or “old man river”，we are referring to . 当我们说“水”或“老人河之父”，我们指的是密西西比河
8. Celts were different groups of ancient people who came originally from . 凯尔特人是不同群体的古代人来自德国 13. The ， the backbone of the North American continent， is also known as the Continental Divide.落基山脉，北美大陆的脊梁，也被称为大陆分水岭。
14. To help the British East India Company out of difficulty，the British government allowed the company to sell at a lower price in the colonies through its own people. 为了帮助不列颠东印度公司摆脱困境，英国政府允许公司以较低的价格向殖民地通过自己的人卖茶 21. The first Puritans came to America were on the ship_______. A. Codpeed B. Susan Constant C. May Flower 五月花 D. Discovery
DO NOT WRITE ON PAPER 1.___ of 1066 is perhaps the best-known event in English history, in which William, the Conqueror confiscated almost all the land and gave it to his followers. A. The Roman Conquest B. The Anglo-Saxon Conquest C. The Norman Conquest D. The Celt Conquest 2.As a result of the Black Death，___________. A. all land was left untended B. no labor was required any longer C. 1and owners tended to change from arable to sheep-farming D. surviving peasants were not able to bargain about their wages 3. Which of the following statements about Elizabeth I (1558-1603) is true? A. Elizabeth was 35 when she came to the throne. B. Elizabeth remained single. C. Elizabeth was not able to work with Parliament. D. Her reign was a time of diminishing English nationalism. 4. The English Civil War is also called ___________ . A. the Revolutionary War B. the Puritan Revolution C. the Reformation D. the Renaissance 5. The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. The head of State is a king or a queen .In practice，___________. A. Parliament rules the country B. the Sovereign reigns but does not rule C. the Sovereign rules but does not reign D. the Prime Minister rules and reigns 6.In January,1973，Britain finally became a full member of the___________，which was established by the Treaty of Rome in 1957. A. Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development B. Organization of European Development C. European Economic Community D. European Union 7. The major Christian festivals in Britain are___________ . A. Christmas, Easter and Mother’s Day B. Christmas, Easter and Whit Sunday C. Christmas，Guy Fawkes Day and St. Patrick’s Day D. Christmas，Whit Sunday and St. George’s Day 8. The Commonwealth of Nations is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. At present there are ___________ countries within the Commonwealth (1991). A. 30 B. 40 C. 50 D. 60 II. True or False. 1. The Black Death caused a great shortage of labor, and so did the Enclosures. 2. Both the UK and Russia are members of the G7. 1
1. The official full name of the United States is usually referred to as . It is often called , , , , or simply , or the “” in American spoken English. 2. National Holiday of US is . 3. Nicknames for the flag include ,,, and which is also the name of the country's official national anthem. 4. served as the political theory behind the American Revolution. 5. On July 4, 1776, the Congress adopted the Declaration of Independence drafted by a committee including and , with most of the work done by . 6. By the Declaration of Independence the United States held its separate and equal position among the powers of the earth, and also by it the United States had been founded, based on the right “.” 7. The American Civil War was in fact a conflict during 1861-1865 in the USA between the Southern or of America and the Northern or . 8. Four great empires—, , , and —had disappeared by the end of WWⅠ. 9. American Attitudes towards WWⅡ were excitedly divided into who opposed any involvement in the European war, and who urged immediate aid to the Allies. 10. The Cold War was an ideological, political, and economic state of tensions, conflicts and hostility from 1945 to 1990 between the USSR and on the one hand, and the US and on the other. 11. The Berlin blockade promoted the signing of and the founding of . 12. is the only “hot war” between the USA and the Soviet Union during the Cold War period.
Melting Pot: Immigrants from different regions and cultures came to live in the United States, their old ways of life melt away and they became part of the American culture? WASPs: WASPS are the mainstream Americans, referring to the white Anglo-Saxon Protestants The Hispanics: The Hispanics are Spanish-speaking people from Latin America, which was once dominated by the Spanish Empire?American Indians: The Indian peoples are known as the first Americans. When Columbus landed in the New World in 1492, he thought he had reached India and called the natives Indians? Separation of powers: Under the federalist system, the federal and the state governments have separate and distinct powers laid down in the Constitutio n. ^Winner-take-air5principle: The party that wins most votes (simple majority) in a state wins all the electoral votes for the state and the defeated party gets none? Federalism: Federalism in the United States is the evolving relationship between U.S. state governments and the federal government of the United States? Since the founding of the country, and particularly with the end of the American Civil War, power shifted away from the states and towards the national government. Thanksgiving Day: It's on the fourth Thursday of Novembe匚It is a typical
《英语国家社会与文化入门》模拟试题及参考答案 Part one Fill in the blanks ( 10 points ) 1.The full name of the United Kingdom is . 2.The Good Friday Agreement, known also as , emerged on 10 April 1998. 3., the ancestor of the present queen, Elizabeth II, united England under his rule in 829. 4.written by Geoffrey Chaucer is often studied by middle school and college students today. 5.The Bonfire Night, which is celebrated in November, sometimes is also called . 6.Columbus discovered the New World in the year of . 7.The Three Faiths in the US refer to Protestant, and Jewish. 8.In 1852, a New England woman named Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote a novel titled , which intensified the political debate on slavery. 9.1968 was known in US history as a violent and tragic year in which the great leader of The Civil Rights Movement: was assassinated. 10.The Grand Canyon is carved away for nearly 6 million years by the River. Part two Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question four suggested answers A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statement or answers the question: ( 20 points ) 1.Franklin Roosevelt’s program for the depression was called . a. Progressivism b. laissez faire c. New Freedom d. New Deal 2. The United States did not join the Second World War directly until in December, 1941. a. Great Depression b. Pearl Harbor incident c. the Japanese attack on China d. the German attack on Poland 3. From 1649 to 1658 England was called a Commonwealth. It was ruled first by Oliver Cromwell as . a. Lord Protector b. Lieutenant General c. Commander of the New Model Army d. President 4. Ireland is in the of Great Britain. a. east b. south c. west d. north 5. WASPs referred to . a. the mainstream Americans b. Hispanics c. Asian-Americans d. Blacks 6. Lincoln's Emancipation proclamation and the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution formally ended . a. the immigration movement b. the Civil War