宾语补足语用法
宾语补足语是英语教学中的难点，也是高考的热点，更是书面表达中必须具备的一种句型结构。下面就宾语补足语用法进行以下归纳。
Ⅰ.使役动词后宾语补足语的用法
中学教学中最常见的使役动词有：make，have，leave。他们都表示“使得”，后面都可接宾语+宾语补足语的结构，但用法上有所不同。
一?make用作使役动词表示“使；使成为”时，可跟复合结构，即“make+宾语+宾语补足语”，其中的宾语补足语可以是形容词或名词?不带to的不定式?过去分词。
1. 我们推选他为我们足球队队长。
We made him captain of our football team.
2. 我们队赢了的消息使我们大家非常高兴。
The news that our team had won made us very happy.
3. 大雨使得我们无法出去。
The heavy rain made it impossible for us to go out.
4. 奇怪的声音使我们感到恐惧。
The strange noise made us frightened.
5. 在交通嘈杂声中他无法使自己的声音提高到让别人听到。
He couldn’t make himself heard above the noise of the traffic.
6. 什么东西使得草生长?
What makes the grass grow?
注意：过去分词作make的宾语补足语时，变为被动语态不用加to；但当不定式作其宾补时，变为被动语态一定要加to。
这个男孩被迫每天干十二个小时的活。
The boy was made to work twelve hours a day.
选择题：
1. Paul doesn’t have to be made ____. He always works hard.
A. learn
B. to learn
C. learned
D. learning
2. The result of the entrance exams was not made ____ to the public until last Thursday.
A. knowing
B. known
C. to know
D. to be known
答案：1.B2.B
二?have 表示“使得……”，其后接宾语补足语，常用以下句型：
have sb. do sth.使得某人做某事
have sb. doing sth.使得某人一直做某事
have sth. done使得某事被做
填空：
1. The teacher had her ____(recite) the text again.
2. He wants to have his eyes ____(examine) tomorrow.
3. Be careful，or you’ll have your hands ____(hurt).
4. He had the girl ____(stand) in the classroom the whole morning.
5. He had the walls ____(paint) this morning.
答案：1.recite 2.examined 3.hurt 4.standing 5.painted
只能用doing的情况
1. 表示正在发生
Be quick. They have the car waiting for you at the school gate.
2. 否定句中表示(不能)容忍某人做……
I won’t have him cheating in the exam.
3. 表示某一时间内一直延续不断的动作
He had us laughing all through the meals.
选择?填空题：
1. I’ve had my radio ____ so soon because my father had me ____ it. A. repair；done B. repaired；do C. repairing；do D. repaired；done
2. You can’t have the horse ____ all the way. It’s too hot.
A. run
B. to run
C. running
D. to be running
3. Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had ____ went wrong again.
A. it
B. it repaired
C. repaired
D. to be repaired
4. We will have you ____(know) that the machine has been made ____(work) at full speed.
答案：1.B 2.C 3.C 4.know，to work
三?leave作使役动词，表示“使/让……保持某种状态”。
1. 用形容词作宾语补足语
出去时，不要关门。Leave the door open when you go out.
他的疾病使得他身体很虚弱。His illness left him very weak.
2. 还可用名词?介词短语等作宾语补足语
他父母去年双双去世，留下他成为一个孤儿。
His parents both died last year，leaving him an orphan.
3. 用现在分词作宾语补足语
他们走开了，让我一个人坐在那儿。
They walked off and left me sitting there alone.
他出去时，把他的文件摊在桌子上。
He went out，leaving his papers lying open on the desk.
4. 用过去分词作宾语补足语
Did you leave the doors and windows properly fastened?
He left a few questions unanswered.
Ⅱ.感官动词后宾语补足语的用法
表示感觉和心理状态的动词，如hear，feel，find，listen to，look at，watch，notice，observe，smell，see等词后可以用省去to的动词不定式，现在分词及过去分词作宾语补足语。常见的句型有：(以hear为例)
hear sb. do sth.
hear sth. done
填空?选择题：
1. I’ve never heard the song ____(sing).
2. Do you smell something ____(burn)?
3. Tom saw his parents ____(get) into the car and ____(drive) off.
4. He was seen ____(drive) the car at high speed on the highway yesterday.
5. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ____next year.
6. ——Did you hear her ____ this pop song this time the other day?
——Yes，and I heard this song ____ in English.
A. sing；singing
B. sung；sung
C. sung；singing
D. singing；sung
7. I saw her ____ when I came into the classroom.
A. cry
B. to cry
C. crying
D. cries
答案：1.sung 2.burning 3.get；drive 4.to drive 5.C 6.D 7.C
Ⅲ.with+宾语+宾语补足语的结构
1. with+宾语+形容词/副词/介词短语
1) 他过去常常开着窗子睡觉。
He used to sleep with the window open.
2) 他们离开了房间，灯还亮着。
They fled the room with lights still on.
3) 他双手放在口袋里走了进来。
He stepped in，with his hands in his pockets.
4) 脖子上没带项链的那位女士是玛丽的朋友。
The woman，without a necklace around her neck，was a friend of Mary’s.
2. with+宾语+doing/done/to do
1) The day was bright with a fresh breeze blowing.
(-ing表示主动/正在进行)
2) With the matter settled，we went home. (-ed表示被动/状态)
3) They are highly mechanized farms，with machines to do all the work.
4) With Tom to help me，I can finish the work in time.
(to do表示即将发生)
选择?填空题：
1. ____ production up by 60%，the company has had another excellent year.
A. As
B. For
C. With
D. Through
2. ____ everything ____，she left the supermarket with satisfaction.
A. As；buying
B. For；to buy
C. With；bought
D. Because；to buy
比较：____ everything was bought，she left the supermarket.
3. ____ years ____，her hair grows white.
A. As；passing by
B. With；go by
C. As；pass
D. With；passed
4. His mother ____(be) ill，he had to stay at home，looking after her.
5. He stood there，with his eyes ____(fix) on Della.
6. He stood there，____(fix) his eyes on Della.
7. He stood there and his eyes ____(fix) on Della.
答案：1.C 2.C 比较As 3.C 4.being 5.fixed 6.fixing 7.were fixed
宾语补足语练习题
1. The manager discussed the plan that they would like to see the next year.(NMET2000)
2. ----There’s a hole in your bag. ---- I know, I’m going to have it _____.
mend B. mending C. mended D. to be mended
3. Though he had often made his little sister ____, today he was made ____ by his little sister.
cry; to cry B. crying; crying C. cry; cry D. to cry; cry
4. They would not allow him _____ across the enemy line.
to risk going B. risking to go C. for risk to go D. risk going
5. I found the door _____ when I got home.
opened B. close C. unlocking D. open
6. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ___.
not to B. not to do C. not do D. do not to
7. I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise____.
going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on
8. With a lot of difficult problems_____, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled
9. I advised _____ at once.
him to starting B. him to start C. to starting D. to start 10. When I put my hand on his chest, I could feel his heart still ____.
beat B. to be beating C. beating D. was beating
11. You had better get a doctor _____ your bad tooth.
pull out B. to pull out C. pulled out D. pulling out
12. He managed to make himself with his____ English.
understand; breaking B. understand; broken
C. understood; breaking
D. understood; broken
13. The doctor asked him not to leave his wound ______.
A. expose
B. exposed
C. to expose
D. exposing
14. They are going to have the service man ____ an electric fan in the office tomorrow.
install B. to install C. to be installed D. installed
15. After a few rounds of talks, both sides regarded the territory dispute ______. being settled B. to be settled C. had settled D. as settled
16. You will see this product ____ wherever you go.
to be advertised B. advertised C. advertise D. advertising 17. His remarks left me _____ about his real purpose.
wondered B. wonder C. to wonder D. wondering
18. When I caught him ______ me I stopped buying things there and started dealing with another shop.
cheating B. cheat C. to cheat D. to be cheating
19. Though he had often made his little sister ____, today he was made ____ by his little sister.
A. cry; to cry
B. crying; crying
C. cry; cry
D. to cry; cry
20. Did you intend us ___ the new method?
A. using
B. to use
C. using
D. are using
21. The teacher encouraged us ______ good compositions.
A. Writing
B. written
C. to write
D. is writing
22. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ___________.
A. not to
B. not to do
C. not do it
D. do not to
23. Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had _______went wrong again.
A .it B. it repaired C .repaired D. to be repaired
24. With a lot of difficult problems_____, the newly—elected president is having a hard time.
A .settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled
25. With trees, flowers and grass_____ everywhere, my native town had taken on a new look.
A. planting
B. planted
C. to plant D .to be planted
26. She was glad to see her child well_____ care of.
A. take
B. to be taken
C. taken
D. taking
27. The result of the entrance exams was not made _____to the public until last Thursday.
A. knowing
B. known
C. to know
D. to be known
28. I can make you _____what I say, but you can’t make yourself ____ in English.
A. understand; understand B .understand, understood
C to understand, understand D. understand; to be understood
29. He found them ____ at a table_____.
A. sat; to play chess
B. sitting; to play chess
C. seated; playing chess
D. seat; play the chess
30. John rushed out in a hurry, ___ the door_____.
A. leaving; unlocked
B. leaving; unlocking
C. left; unlocked
D. to leave; unlocking
31. We are pleased to see the problem___ so quickly.
A. settled
B. settling
C. be settled
D. having been settled
32. I could feel the wind ___on my face from an open window.
A .to blow
B .blowing C. to be blowing D .blown
33. ____ production up by 60%,the company has had another excellent year.
A. As
B. For
C. With
D. Through
34. ____ everything ____ , she left the supermarket with satisfaction.
A. As, buying
B. For, to buy
C. With, bought D .Because, to buy
35. Don’t leave the water ____ while you brush your teeth. (天津2004)
A. run
B. running
C. being run
D. to run
36. He looked around and caught a man ___ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.
A. put
B. to be putting
C. to put
D. putting
37. Laws that punish parents for their little children’s actions against the laws get parents _______. (重庆2004)
A. worried
B. to worry
C. worrying
D. worry
38. The teacher asked us _____ so much noise. (北京2003)
A. don’t make
B. not make
C. not making
D. not to make
39. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered ____ clear warnings before firing any shots. (上海2003)
A. to issue
B. being issued
C. to have issued
D. to be issued
40.－Good morning. Can I help you? －I'd like to have this package __ ,Madame.
A. be weighed
B. to be weighed
C. to weigh
D. weighed
41. Father will not __us to use his recorders.
A. have
B. let C .agree D. allow
42. John was made __the truck for a week as punishment.
A .to wash B. washing C. wash D. to be washing
43. The missing boys were last seen __ near the river.
A. playing
B. to be playing
C. play
D. to play
44. Paul doesn't have to be made __ .He always works hard.
A. learn
B. to learn C .learned D. learning
45. Seeing the sun __ above the surface of the sea, we let out a shout of joy.
A. to rise
B. to raise
C. rising D .raising
46. I was disappointed to find his suggestions __ .
A been turned down B. turned down C. to be turned down D. to turn down
47. The patient was warned ____oily food after the operation.
A. to eat to
B. eating not C .not to eat D not eating
48. The speaker raised her voice but still couldn’t make herself _______.
A. hear
B. hearing
C. to hear
D. heard
49. If you go to Xi’an, you’ll find the palaces there more magnificent than commonly _________. A. supposing B. to suppose C. supposed D. suppose
50. It’s so cold today, we must keep the fire ________.
A. to burn
B. burning
C. burn
D. burnt
51. The mother was asked ________ let her children ________ TV every evening;
A. not to; watch
B. not to; to watch
C. not; watch
D. not; watching
52. They didn’t observe her _______ in and go upstairs.
A. come
B. came
C. to come
D. coming
53. How about the two of us ____ a walk down the garden? (MET93 17)
A. to take
B. take
C. taking
D. to be taking
54. I have had my bike , and I’m going to have somebody my radio tomorrow.
A. repair; to repair
B. repairing; to be repaired
C. repaired; repair
D. to repair; repairing
55. the room, the nurse found the tape recorder .
A. Entering; stealing
B. Entering; gone
C. To have entered; being stolen
D. Having entered; to be stolen
56. Could you show me the mobile phone you’d like ______?
A. to have repaired
B. repairing it
C. having it repaired
D. to repair it
57. I have often heard the ABC Song , but I have never heard Alice it.
to be sung; to sing B. being sung; sang C. sung; sing D. sang; singing
58. I can hardly imagine Peter __________ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.
A. sail
B. to sail
C. sailing
D. to have sailed
59. ---Have you had anyone ______ your newly-bought flat?
---Not yet. I am going to get John _______ a design for it first.
A. to decorate; make
B. to decorate; to make
C. decorate; make
D. decorate; to make
60. ---“Did you have any difficulty in today’s homework?”---“No, in fact I found __________.”
A. it very easy to do
B. it very easy done
C. very easy for doing
D. very easy to do it
Keys:
1-5 CCAAD 6-10 AACBC 11-15 BDBAD 16-20 CDAAB 21-25 CACAB
26-30 CBBCA 31-35 A BCCB 36-40 DADAD 41-45 D AABC 46-50 BCDCB
51-55 A ACCB 56-60 A CCDA
详解双宾语和宾语补足语的区别：以make, give举例说明 双宾语结构：1. 动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 2. 动词+直接宾语+for+间接宾语 3. 动词+直接宾语+to+间接宾语 其中间接宾语是指人的，直接宾语是指物的 宾语补足语结构：1.动词+人（宾语）+动词原形 2.动词+宾语+形容词 3.动词+宾语+带to的不定式 4.动词+宾语+省to的不定式 5.动词+宾语+名词短语 其中红色部分作为句子的宾补成分, 特别强调的是宾 语补足语不可以和宾语换位置。 一、举例说明双宾语： 1. She made us coffee. 其中us 为句子的间接宾语coffer为句子的直接宾语。 本句子可改为同义句： She made coffer for us. 2. He gave me a book. 其中me 为句子的间接宾语a book为句子的直接宾语。 本句子可改为同义句： He gave a book to me 二、举例说明宾语补足语: We make Lijian our monitor. 其中红色为宾补成分 这个句子最容易让人弄错，以为是双宾语，其实是our monitor作为句子的宾语补足语，这个句子是不可以改写成： We make our monitor for Lijian. （×） He asked me some questions. 这个句子容易让人误认为是宾语补足语结构，实际是双宾语结构，只不过这个句子中的动词的间接宾语不能+to或+for,这类动词还有cost, refuse, promise
The book cost me five yuan. 三、动词+直接宾语+for+间接宾语，这种结构中能用for改为同义句的动词有：buy, play, make, find,keep,choose,cut,cook,wash等 Please cut Tom the cake.= Please cut the cake for Tom. My father often washes me the clothes.=My father often washes the clothes for me. My father often cooks me lunch.=My father often cooks lunch for me. 四、动词+直接宾语+to+间接宾语，这种结构中能用to改为同义句的动词有：七给give, hand, pass, lend, send, show, write,一带bring，还有pay, teach, tell, wish, return, sell, read,等 I returned him the storybook= I returned the storybook to him. He showed all his friends his pictures.= He showed his pictures to all his friends. He sent me a book.= He sent a book to me
“感使动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中宾语补足语的用法定义 1．所谓感官动词，是指表示人的大脑感觉器官所发出的动作的动词。如：notice / observe / see / look at / watch / hear / listen to / feel（常见的共８词）. 2．使役动词是指具有使、让意义的动词。如：have/ let / make（常见的共３词）。 记忆与使用 难点一：如何系统、准确地熟记常见的感官、使役动词 口诀：“注意、观察、三看、二听、一感觉；三个使役半帮助。”注意：“半帮助”是为了易记加上去的（因help后接的to可省可不省，故叫“半帮助”）。 难点二：对感官、使役动词的主动结构后接非谓语动词作宾补的区别 先看感官动词主动结构的用法（以hear为例）：hear sb. do/ doing/ done ' 即其后可接do（省to）/ doing/ done作宾补。区别是：1）do/ doing均表主动关系，done表被动关系。 ２）do/ doing都可表主动，但do指整个动作，经常性动作或强调动作完成了。doing指动作正在进行或动作的某个片断。
３）done指某事由别人做（被做），也作“遭受”解。 试比较：A）I heared him sing a song. 我听他唱了一首歌（指自始至终整个过程）。 B）I heared him singing a song. 我听见他正在唱歌唱（指当时动作的某个片断）。 C）I heared a song sung．我听见（有人）唱歌（逻辑主语“歌”与“唱”是被动关系。） 再看使役动词主动结构的用法：have sb. do/ doing/ done, make/let sb. do/ done have后也接do（省to）/ doing/ done作宾补，区别是：１）do/ doing 均表主动关系，done表被动关系。 ２）do/ doing虽然都表主动，但do指目前和将来或经常性、反复性的动作。Ｄｏｉdoing指目前正在进行的动作。 试比较：A）I won’t have you saying such things about my sister.（指目前正确进行的动作） B）I won’t have you saying such things about my sister.（指目前和将来的动作） C）I shouldn’t have him do that again．（指将来的动作，此处不用doing因do that again暗示将来） D）I am sorry to have had you waiting so long.（指目前正在进行的动作） E）I have had many friends visit me from time to time.
英语中的宾语补足语和双宾语 整理人：计算机学院张学龙马文书 一、何谓宾语补足语 在英语语言中，一些及物动词后面除了跟宾语外，还需要有一个宾语补足语来对宾语进行补充说明，使其意义更加完整清楚。宾语与宾语补足语合起来称作复合宾语。能跟复合宾语的常见动词有： want（想要）,ask（请求要求）,tell（告诉）,see（看见）,hear（听见）,find（发现）,call （称呼）,let（让）,make（使）,get（使）,have（使）,consider（认为）等。 二、动词宾语补足语的几种情况 1.形容词或形容词短语充当宾语补足语。如： He found the bird dead. 他发现那只鸟死了。 2.现在分词或现在分词短语充当宾语补足语。如： Add some more coal to keep the fire going. 再添些煤，别让火灭了。 什么是双宾语？什么是复合宾语？ 1.英语中，有些及物动词可以接两个宾语，即指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾 语，这两个宾语称为"双宾语"。 句子结构为："主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语"。 如： My parents bought me a computer. 我父母给我买了一台电脑。 2、英语中有些及物动词接了宾语之后还需接宾语补足语来补充说明宾语的有关情况，否则句子意思就不完整。宾语和宾语补足语合称为"复合宾语"。句子结构为："主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语"。-ing形式、动词不定式、介词短语等。 如：He made us laugh. 他使我们哈哈大笑。 1、间接宾语可以改为由介词to或for引起的短语，放在直接宾语后面。 如：He gave her some chips. = He gave some chips to her. 2、以下几种情况通常要用介词to或for引起的短语： 1)当直接宾语是人称代词(it/them)时。 如：This book is Mr Wang's. Please give it to him. 2)当强调间接宾语时。 如：Mother cooks meals for us every day. 3)当间接宾语比直接宾语长一些时。 如：On the bus, she often gives her seat to the old person. 3、由to引出间接宾语的动词有：give, show, pass, lend, take, tell等 由for引出间接宾语的动词有：buy, make, cook, get, sing, read等。
Contents 英语宾语补足语用法详解 (2) 一、概念 (2) 二、何时用现在分词、何时用过去分词作主语(宾语)补足语 (2) 三、可以用分词作主语或宾语补足语的动词 (3) 典例精析： (4)
英语宾语补足语用法详解 一、概念 分词作主语补足语和宾语补足语其实是同一成分用于两种不同的句式中。具体地说，主动态句子中的宾语补足语就是被动态句子中的主语补足语。先了解宾语补足语，则很容易了解主语补足语。 宾语补足语：在英语中，某些及物动词不仅需要宾语，而且还要求某个词或词组来补充说明宾语，即表示宾语代表的人或物所发出的动作或所处的状态，这个词或短语称为宾语补足语。有些语法书把宾语和补足语称为复合宾语。 句型：及物动词+宾语(n./pron.)+宾语补足语(n./adj./adv./to do/-ing/-ed/介词短语共7种表示法) 该句型若变成被动语态，即将宾语提到句首作主语，原主动语态中的宾语补足语此时在被动语态中起到补充说明主语的作用，所以改称主语补足语。例如： A cook will be immediately fired if he is found smoking in the kitchen. 此句中smoking是主语he的补足语，所以称为主语补足语。 二、何时用现在分词、何时用过去分词作主语(宾语)补足语 分词作主语(宾语)补足语时，若主语(宾语)与分词之间是主动关系，则用现在分词表示主动； 如果主语(宾语)与分词之间是被动关系，则用过去分词表示被动。例如： He was heard singing in the next room. He was singing.主语he与补足语“唱歌”之间是主动关系，故用现在分词singing。 One of the glasses was found broken. One of the glasses was broken.主语one of the glasses与补足语“打破”之间是被动关系，故用过去分词broken。 Don‘t leave the water running while you brush your teeth.
With 结构（with+宾语+宾补）宾补可以是：过去分词，现在分词，不定式，副词，adj.，介词短语 可以做定语，伴随状语，原因状语，结果状语等等。 1. 1) With his key lost, he couldn’t get into his house.(钥匙丢了, 他进不了家门. ) 2) With his hair cut, Father looks much younger. (理了发,父亲看上去年轻多了.) 3) He sat there with his eyes closed. (他闭目坐在那儿。) 4) All the afternoon he worked with the door locked. (整个下午他都锁着门在房里工作。) 5) The meeting ended with all the problems settled. (问题解决了,会散了.) 2. 1) With the teacher standing beside, the girl felt a bit uneasy. (老师站在一旁,女孩子感到有点不自在.) 2) She was chatting with her friend, with her child playing beside her． (她在跟朋友闲聊，孩子在旁边玩。) 3) He felt uneasy with the whole class staring at him. (他感到很不安，因为所有的同学都盯着他。) 4) The boy lay on the grass, with his eyes looking into the sky. (小男孩躺在草地上，两眼望着天空。) 5) With night coming on, we started for home. 夜幕降临，我们动身回家。 6) I won’t be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill. (因为妈妈有病，我无法去度假。) 7) He fell asleep with the lamp burning. (他没熄灯就睡着了。) 3.1) I can’t go out with all these clothes to wash. (要洗这些衣服，我无法出去了。) 2) With so many people to help us, we are sure to finish the work in time.
在英语中什么是主语、谓语、宾语、状语、表语、定语、补语、宾补的位置烟雨 在英语中什么是主语、谓语、宾语、状语、表语、定语、补语、宾补的位置『黑色ひ粉末』 组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。英语句子成分有主语，谓语，表语，宾语，宾语补足语，定语，状语等。 顺序一般是主语，谓语，宾语，宾语补足语，而表语，定语，状语的位置要根据情况而定。 1、主语 主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物，一般由名词，代词，数词，不定式等充当。Helikeswatch'ingTV.他喜欢看电视。 2、谓语 谓语说明主语的动作，状态或特征。 一般可分为两类： 1)，简单谓语 由动词(或短语动词)构成。 可以有不同的时态，语态和语气。 Westud'yforthepeo'ple.我们为人民学习。 2)，复合谓语：情态动词＋不定式 Icanspeakalit'tleEng'lish.我可以说一点英语。 3、表语 表语是谓语的一部分，它位于系动词如be之后，说明主语身份，特征，属性或状态。一般由名词，代词，形容词，副词，不定式，介词短语等充当。 Mysis'terisanurse.我姐姐是护士。 4、宾语 宾语表示动作行为的对象，跟在及物动词之后，能作宾语的有名词，代词，数词，动词不定式等。 WelikeEng'lish.我们喜欢英语。 有些及物动词可以带两个宾语，往往一个指人，一个指物，指人的叫间接宾语，指物的叫直接宾语。 Hegavemesom'eink.他给了我一点墨水。 有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语，意思才完整，宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。如： Wemakehimourmon'itor.我们选他当班长。 5、定语 在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。 用作定语的主要是形容词，代词，数词，名词，副词，动词不定式，介词短语等。形容词，代词，数词，名词等作定语时，通常放在被修饰的词前面。Heisanewstu'dent.他是个新生。 但副词，动词不定式，介词短语等作定语时，则放在被修饰的词之后。Thebikeintheroomismine.房间里的自行车是我的。
宾语补足语讲解 一、定义 宾语补足语通常紧跟在宾语之后，对宾语进行补充说明。 二、句子结构是 主+谓+宾+宾补 三、两种结构 1. 主表型： 1) make our country beautiful (adjective) 2) call him Lao Li (noun) 3) find sb. out (adv.) 4) find sb. at home (Prep. phrase) 2. 主谓型： 1) ask sb. to do sth.（有to 不定式） 2) have sb. do sth. （无to 不定式） 3) see sb. doing sth. （现在分词） 4) have sth. done. （过去分词） 四、什么动词后可有宾语补足语 1. 在表示心理状态的动词后作宾语补足语。这类动词有：consider, think, believe, discover, find, imagine, judge, suppose, prove等。这类动词后的不定式通常是"to be+形容词或名词" 结构，think, consider, find后的to be常可省略。 如：We consider him (to be) a good teacher.我们认为他是一个好老师。 He proved that theory (to be) very important.他证明那个理论是很重要的。 I thought her (to be) nice and honest the first time I met her. 我第一次见到她的时候就认为她人很好，很诚实。 2. 在表示情感状态的动词后作宾语补足语。这类动词有：love, like, prefer, hate, want, wish, expect等。 如：I'd prefer you to leave him alone.我希望你不要打扰他。 I don't want there to be any trouble.我不想有任何麻烦。 3. 注意：hope, demand, suggest等动词后面不能接不定式作宾语补足语。 如：I hope you can give me a hand. 我希望你能帮我一把。 I wish you to give me a hand. 我希望你能帮我一把。 He required us to be present at the meeting.他要求我们出席会议。 Mr Li suggested that she should not go there alone.李先生建议她不要独自去那里。五、可作宾语补足语的形式有 不定式，现在分词，过去分词，名词，形容，副词，介词短语都能作补语。 六、具体说明 （一）副词作宾语补足语 如：I found him in yesterday. （二）常接形容词作宾语补足语的动词有：keep, make, find等。 如：We must keep our classroom clean. （三）常接名词作宾语补足语的动词有：call, name, make, think等。 如：We call them mooncakes. （四）常接动词-ing形式作宾语补足语的动词有：see, watch, hear, find, keep等。
宾语补足语用法 宾语补足语是英语教学中的难点，也是高考的热点，更是书面表达中必须具备的一种句型结构。下面就宾语补足语用法进行以下归纳。 Ⅰ.使役动词后宾语补足语的用法 中学教学中最常见的使役动词有：make，have，leave。他们都表示“使得”，后面都可接宾语+宾语补足语的结构，但用法上有所不同。 一?make用作使役动词表示“使；使成为”时，可跟复合结构，即“make+宾语+宾语补足语”，其中的宾语补足语可以是形容词或名词?不带to的不定式?过去分词。 1. 我们推选他为我们足球队队长。 We made him captain of our football team. 2. 我们队赢了的消息使我们大家非常高兴。 The news that our team had won made us very happy. 3. 大雨使得我们无法出去。 The heavy rain made it impossible for us to go out. 4. 奇怪的声音使我们感到恐惧。 The strange noise made us frightened. 5. 在交通嘈杂声中他无法使自己的声音提高到让别人听到。 He couldn’t make himself heard above the noise of the traffic. 6. 什么东西使得草生长? What makes the grass grow? 注意：过去分词作make的宾语补足语时，变为被动语态不用加to；但当不定式作其宾补时，变为被动语态一定要加to。 这个男孩被迫每天干十二个小时的活。 The boy was made to work twelve hours a day. 选择题： 1. Paul doesn’t have to be made ____. He always works hard. A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning 2. The result of the entrance exams was not made ____ to the public until last Thursday. A. knowing B. known C. to know D. to be known 答案：1.B2.B 二?have 表示“使得……”，其后接宾语补足语，常用以下句型： have sb. do sth.使得某人做某事 have sb. doing sth.使得某人一直做某事 have sth. done使得某事被做 填空： 1. The teacher had her ____(recite) the text again. 2. He wants to have his eyes ____(examine) tomorrow. 3. Be careful，or you’ll have your hands ____(hurt). 4. He had the girl ____(stand) in the classroom the whole morning. 5. He had the walls ____(paint) this morning. 答案：1.recite 2.examined 3.hurt 4.standing 5.painted 只能用doing的情况
宾语补足语总汇 （一）副词作宾语补足语 I found him in yesterday. （二）常接形容词作宾语补足语的动词有：keep, make, find等。 如：We must keep our classroom clean. （三）常接名词作宾语补足语的动词有：call, name, make, think等。 如：We call them mooncakes. （四）常接动词-ing形式作宾语补足语的动词有：see, watch, hear, find, keep等。如：In the country, we can hear birds singing. （五）常接介词短语作宾语补足语的动词有：keep, find, leave等。如：I left my pen on my desk at home. （六）不定式作宾语补足语 1. 常接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask, tell, want, teach, wish等； 2. 接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：see, watch, hear, make, let advise, allow, ask, beg, command, tell, invite, force, oblige, get, help, encourage, persuade, permit, remind, request, order, warn, cause等。如： I often see him play football. She often asks me to help her. We don't allow such things to happen again. Most of the parents agree to forbid their children to smoke. She asked me to answer the phone in her absence. Please remind me to leave her this note. She requested him to go with her. 3. 用不定式作宾语补足语的几种说明： ①help后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式可以带to也可以不带to。 如：I often help my mother(to) do some housework. ②在使役动词后作宾语补足语，不定式不带to。有些动词跟不定式作宾语补足语时省去了to，这些动词有：一感二听三让四观看。
句子成分及基本句型 一、考点、热点回顾 【句子的成分】 在英文中句子成分包括：主语、谓语、宾语（直接宾语、间接宾语）、表语、定语和状语、宾语补足语等。 （一）主语：主语是谓语讲述的对象，表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。它在句首。如： （1）Lucy is a beautiful nurse. （名词作主语） （2）He reads newspapers every day. （代词作主语） （3）Smoking is harmful to the health. （动名词作主语） （4）To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.（不定式作主语） （5）What we should do is not yet decided. （主语从句作主语） （二）谓语 说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。谓语（谓语部分里主要的词）必须是动词。谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。它在主语后面。 如：His parents are teachers. （系动词和表语一起作谓语） We study hard. （行为动词作谓语） We don’t finish reading the book. （助动词和行为动词一起作谓语） He can speak English. （情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语） （三）宾语 宾语是动作、行为的对象，由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任，它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。一般放在谓语之后。 She is doing her homework now.（名词作宾语） She says（that）she is ill.（宾语从句作动词宾语） We often help him.（代词作宾语） He likes to play basketball.（不定式作宾语） We enjoy listening to the music. 我们喜欢听音乐。（动名词短语作宾语） 说明1：宾语是及物动词涉及到的人或物，宾语一般放在及物动词之后。介词后面的名词或代词或动名词，称为介词宾语。名词、代词、数词常在句中做动词宾语或介词宾语。另外，动词不定式可作动词宾语；动名词和宾语从句也可用作动词宾语。 说明2：及物动词作谓语时，后面要跟宾语。宾语分直接宾语和间接宾语。直接宾语是及物动词的直接对象，直接宾语指物，间接宾语通常是及物动词的动作所及的人，间接宾语指人。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语之前。 不是所有的及物动词都可以用双宾语。有的动词可以跟。如：give, show（给……看），bring, pass, buy等。如：（1）Our teacher tells us a story. （2）The sun gives us light. 间接宾语如果放在直接宾语之后，在表示“人”的间接宾语之前会出现介词“to”或“for”。间接宾语前加“to”的有： give, show, send, bring, read, pass, lend, leave, hand, tell, return, write, throw, promise（答应）, refuse（拒绝）等。 间接宾语加“for”的有： make, buy, do, get, play, order（命令）, sing, pay等 （1）I give him a book. 改成：
Unit 6 English Food: Grammar Object complements Time: April 3rd Teacher: Zhu Zhouyue Class: Class4, Senior 2 Teaching aim: Master the different usage of the infinitive, the present participle and the past participle as the objective complements. Teaching methods: Inductive Method, Practice Teaching procedures: Step1 Revision and Lead in Revise the general difference between the infinitive, the present participle and the past participle that we have learnt. Look at the following sentences, and find out the object complements in them and try to make comparison. a.Don’t make me do this or that. I’m too busy. b.The teacher told us not to read in the sun. c.I saw her dancing happily in the classroom. d.The manager wanted the letter typed at onc e. Today we are going to learn more details about the usage of the infinitive, the present participle and the past participle as the objective complements. Step2 Grammar 非谓语动词作宾语补足语的用法及区别 一、不定式作宾补 1．常见的接带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词：tell, ask, want, teach, allow, expect, get, 等。其否定形式在不定式前加not。作宾补的动词所表示的动作发生在这些动词之后。如： a. My mother often tells me to study hard at school. b. Mr. Feng asked us not to play too many computer games at home. c. I want you to teach me how to learn English well. 2．常见的接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词主要是一些表示感觉的动词一感：feel 二听：hear, listen to 三让：let, make, have 四看：see, watch, notice, observe 半帮助: help help sb. to do / do sth. 此时不定式（短语）表示的动作发生在感觉动词之前，事情的全部过程已经结束。 例如：a. Did you hear me sing a song last night?
宾语补足语讲解 WTD standardization office【WTD 5AB- WTDK 08- WTD 2C】
宾语补足语（O b j e c t c o m p l e m e n t)用法归纳概念：英语中含有某些意义的动词跟了宾语后句子仍不完整，还须要一个补足成分，这种补足成分叫做宾语补足语。宾语补足语是句子的主要成分，这样的句型为：主语+谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语。 由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语充当宾语补足语，用以说明宾语的类属、性质、状态等意义；由非谓语动词即不定式、现在分词、过去分词充当宾语补足语，用以说明宾语的动作。
宾语补足语使用注意事项： ①当感官动词和使役动词，如：see hear notice watch hear observe, listen to, feel(感官动词)make have let get(使役动词)接宾补时，不定式的符号to必须省略。但在被动语态中，动词后要加to。 主动语态：The policeman made him tell everything. 被动语态：He was made to tell everything by the policeman. ②感官动词see, hear, watch, notice, observe后面的宾语补足语既可跟不带to的动词不定式，也可跟现在分词，其区别在于前者表示“经常性的，习惯性的动作”，后者表示“正在发生的瞬间动作”。 I often hear her sing English songs in the room. Suddenly, Zhang Hua heard someone shouting “Fire! Fire!” ③在help后,不定式可以带to,也可不带。 Lucy often helps her brother (to) learn English. ④有些动词只能用现在分词作宾语补足语，如：keep, mind, prevent, stop。动词find, catch等的宾语可由现在分词作宾语补足语。
英语中宾补的意义与特点介绍 下面就来带你一起学习下，希望对大家有帮助。 1.宾补的意义宾补(宾语补足语)是说明宾语的成分，通常说明宾语的动作、状态、行为、特征、性质等内容，就像谓语说明主语一样。 2.宾补的特点1)宾补一般位于宾语的后面。 2)宾补和宾语的关系，就像是谓语和主语的关系。 3)宾补在多数情况下是谓语导致的结果，少数情况除外。 例如：I want you to see our parents.我要你来看我们的父母。 (是宾语you来，而不是主语I来，等于you see our parents)He painted the wall white.他把墙漆成了白色。 (等于the dooris yellow.并且yellow是谓语painted导致的结果)The whole team elected John the captain.整个队选举约翰当队长。 (等于John isthe captain.并且the captain是elected的结果。 )I saw them singing in the classroom.我看到他们在教室里唱歌。 (等于they are singing in the classroom.但是这里的singing in the classroom并不是saw导致的结果。 )3.英语外刊句子分析Saudi Arabia, theUnited Arab Emirates, Egypt and Bahrain have cut diplomatic ties with Qatar,accusing it of supporting terror, in the Gulf Arab region’s most serious diplomatic crisis in years.参考译文:沙特、阿联酋、埃及、巴林宣布与卡塔尔断交，指责卡塔尔支持恐怖主义，这是海湾阿拉伯地区多年来最严重的外交危机。
宾语补足语 一、定义 某些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语，意思才完整。宾语补足语说明宾语的情况、性质、特征、状态、身份或属类等。宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。 二、可作宾语补足语的形式 不定式，现在分词，过去分词，名词，形容，副词，介词短语都能作宾语补足语。 eg：We made him our monitor. You should keep your room clean and tidy. We could hear the children playing outside. I left my pen on my desk at home. I saw the kite up and down. She often asks me to help her. 三、常接宾语补足语的动词 1. 常接形容词作宾语补足语的动词有：keep, make, find等。 eg：We must keep our classroom clean. I found the book very interesting. 2. 常接名词作宾语补足语的动词有：含命名意义的动词call, name, make, think等。 eg：We call them mooncakes. She found him a very clever boy. My mother looks so young that they would think her my sister 3. 常接介词短语作宾语补足语的动词有：keep, find, leave等。 eg：I left my pen on my desk at home. I found everything in good condition. 4. 动词不定式作宾语补足语表示动作的全过程或即将发生的主动动作 (1)常接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask, tell, want, teach, wish, expect, remind, warn, encourage, allow, order 等 eg : sMy teacher told me to focus on my study. I expect my students to have made preparations for the mid-term examinations. (2)接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：一感二听三让四观看 一感：feel 二听：hear, listen to 三让：let, have, make 四观看：observe, see, watch, look at 【注意】在被动语态中不带to的不定式前要补加上to） eg : Professor Zhang’s speech made us all laugh. I heard Justin put on his favorite CD. 5. V-ing形式作宾语补足语,表示宾语是动作的发出者，形成逻辑上的主谓关系,表示的是一个正在进行的主动动作。
宾语补足语 宾语补足语是用于补充说明宾语的成分。宾语补足语常常放在宾语之后，和宾语一起构成复合宾语。 一、常见的能接宾语补足语的词语 1. 使役动词 （1）使役动词make make 用作使役动词表示“使”时，可跟复合结构，即“make 宾+ 语+宾语补足语”，其中的宾语补足语可以是形容词、名词、不带to 的不定式、过去分词。 The heavy rain made it impossible for us to go out.大雨使得我们无法出去。 He couldn 't make himself heard above the noise of the tra在ffic交. 通嘈杂声中他无法使自己让别人听到。 What makes the grass grow?什么使得草生长？ ★动词不定式作make 的宾语补足语时要用省略to 的形式，但如果用在被动语态中，to 一定不能省略。 She was made to work twelve hours a day她. 被迫每天工作十二个小时。 （2）使役动词have have 表示“使得,, ”，其后接宾语补足语，常用于以下结构： ①have sb. do sth.使/ 让某人做某事 ②have sb. Doing sth.使/ 让某人一直做某事 ③have sth. Done 使/让某事被做；遭遇某种不幸 The teacher had the little boy write on the blackboard. 老师让这个小男孩在黑板上写。
don' t have the lights burning all the night. 不要让灯整夜亮着。 He had the bike repaired yesterday.昨天他让人修了自行车。 He had his leg broken in the match.在比赛中他摔断了腿。 （3）使役动词leave leave 用作使役动词，表示“使/ 让,, 保持某种状态”，可以用形容词、名词、介词短语、分词作宾语补足语。 ①He left the door open when he went out. 他出去时，没有关门。 ②They walked off and left me sitting there alone.他们走开了，让我一个人坐在那儿。 （4）使役动词keep keep 用作使役动词，表示“使/ 让,, 保持某种状态”，可以用形容词、现在分词作宾语补足语。 ①Close the door to keep the room warm. 关上门让房间保持暖和。 ②You' ve kept me waiting an hou你r. 已经让我等了一个小时！ （5）使役动词get get 用作使役动词，表示“促使某事发生”或“使得某人做某事”，其后可跟形容词、过去分词、现在分词、动词不定式作宾语补足语。 ①She is getting the kids ready for school.她正在让孩子们准备好去上学。 ②We get the milk delivered. 我们让人把牛奶送过去。 ③Why don ' t you get Mike to work as the manager你? 为什么不让迈克做经理呢？ ★ get后出现不定式短语作宾语补足语时，不定式符号to 不能省略。
宾语补足语（Object complement)用法归纳 概念：英语中含有某些意义的动词跟了宾语后句子仍不完整，还须要一个补足成分，这种补足成分叫做宾语补足语。宾语补足语是句子的主要成分，这样的句型为：主语+谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语。 由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语充当宾语补足语，用以说明宾语的类属、性质、状态等意义；由非谓语动词即不定式、现在分词、过去分词充当宾语补足语，用以说明宾语的动作。
①当感官动词和使役动词，如：see hear notice watch hear observe, listen to, feel(感官动词)make have let get(使役动词)接宾补时，不定式的符号to必须省略。但在被动语态中，动词后要加to。 主动语态：The policeman made him tell everything. 被动语态：He was made to tell everything by the policeman. ②感官动词see, hear, watch, notice, observe后面的宾语补足语既可跟不带to的动词不定式，也可跟现在分词，其区别在于前者表示“经常性的，习惯性的动作”，后者表示“正在发生的瞬间动作”。 I often hear her sing English songs in the room. Suddenly, Zhang Hua heard someone shouting “Fire! Fire!” ③在help后,不定式可以带to,也可不带。 Lucy often helps her brother (to) learn English. ④有些动词只能用现在分词作宾语补足语，如：keep, mind, prevent, stop。动词find, catch等的宾语可由现在分词作宾语补足语。 She caught her son smoking a cigarette. We’d be tter keep the fire burning. I don’t mind you joking. I like it. The heavy rain prevented us coming here on time. I found him drinking my whisky. ⑤hope, demand, suggest等动词后面不能接不定式作宾语补足语。 错误：I hope you to come here tomorrow. 正确：I hope you can come here tomorrow. ⑥表示心理状态的动词consider, think, believe, discover, find, imagine, judge, suppose, prove等动词后的不定式通常是“to be+形容词或名词”结构，to be常可省略。 We consider him (to be) a good teacher. He proved that theory (to be) very important.