【川大金榜考研】四川大学考博历年分数线四川大学2013年博士入学考试初试合格分数线
础上公布各学科专业的复试分数线和复试人员名单。对于已经复试的上线考生，如果复试成绩不合格不能录取。
2、报考少数民族高层次骨干人才计划的考生，凡未经当地省教育厅审批的考生，不参加该计划的录取。
2015年四川大学考博《英语》真题 (总分：100.00，做题时间：180分钟) 一、ⅠReadingComprehension 二、Passage1 Speechissofamiliarafeatureofdailylifethatwerarelypausetodefineit.Itseemsasnatural tomanaswalkingandonlylesssothanbreathing.Yetitneedsbutamoment'sreflectiontoconvinceus thatthisnaturalnessofspeechisbutanillusoryfeeling.Theprocessofacquiringspeechis,insob erfact,anutterlydifferentsortofthingfromtheprocessoflearningtowalk.Inthecaseofthelatt erfunction,culture,inotherwords,thetraditionalbodyofsocialusage,isnotseriouslybrought intoplay.Thechildisindividuallyequipped,bythecomplexsetoffactorsthatwetermbiologicalh eredity,tomakealltheneededmuscularandnervousadjustmentsthatresultinwalking.Indeed,the veryconformationofthesemusclesandoftheappropriatepartsofthenervoussystemmaybesaidtobe primarilyadaptedtothemovementsmadeinwalkingandinsimilaractivities.Inaveryrealsense,th enormalhumanbeingispredestinedtowalk,notbecausehiselderswillassisthimtolearnthear t,butbecausehisorganismispreparedfrombirth,orevenfromthemomentofconception,totake onallthoseexpendituresofnervousenergyandallthosemuscularadaptationsthatresultinwalkin g.Toputitconcisely,walkingisaninherent,biologicalfunctionofman. Notsolanguage.Itisofcoursetruethatinacertainsensetheindividualispredestinedtotalk ,butthatisdueentirelytothecircumstancethatheisbornnotmerelyinnature,butinthelapofasoc ietythatiscertain,reasonablycertain,toleadhimtoitstraditions.Eliminatesocietyandthere iseveryreasontobelievethathewilllearntowalk,if,indeed,hesurvivesatall.Butitisjustasce rtainthathewillneverlearntotalk,thatis,tocommunicateideasaccordingtothetraditionalsys temofaparticularsociety.Or,again,removethenew-bornindividualfromthesocialenvironmenti ntowhichhehascomeandtransplanthimtoanutterlyalienone.Hewilldeveloptheartofwalkinginhi snewenvironmentverymuchashewouldhavedevelopeditintheold.Buthisspeechwillbecompletelya tvariancewiththespeechofhisnativeenvironment.Walkingthenisageneralhumanactivitythatva riesonlywithinarestrictedlimitaswepassfromindividualtoindividual.Itsvariabil ityispurposeless.Speechisahumanactivitythatvarieswithoutassignablelimitaswepassfr omsocialgrouptosocialgroup,becauseitisapurelyhistoricalheritage,theproductoflong-cont inuedsocialusage.Itvariesasallcreativeeffortvaries-notasconsciously,perhaps,butnoneth elessastrulyasdothereligions,thebeliefs,thecustoms,andtheartsofdifferentpeoples.Walki ngisanorganic,instinctivefunction,speechisanon-instinctive,acquired,"cultural"functio n. (1).ThefirstsentenceofParagraphTwo,"Notsolanguage"istheclosestinmeaningto______. " A.thisisnotthecasewithlanguage " B.soislanguageandnotanythingelse " C.nosuchathingexistsinlanguage " D.notsomuchwithlanguage A.√ B. C. D. 解析：细节推理题。Notsolanguage承接首段的最后一句话，将language与walking进行对比，上文提及"行走是人类与生俱来的一种生物功能"，而语言则不是。选项A与文中的意思最接近。故答案为A。
四川大学2012考博英语真题及答案详解 阅读 1）Sign has become a scientific hot button. Only in the past 20 years have specialists in language study realized that signed languages are unique—a speech of the hand. They offer a new way to probe how the brain generates and understands language, and throw new light on an old scientific controversy: whether language, complete with grammar, is something that we are born With, or whether it is a learned behavior. The current interest in sign language has roots in the pioneering work of one rebel teacher at Gallaudet University in Washington, D. C., the world's only liberal arts university for deaf people. When Bill Stokoe went to Gallaudet to teach English, the school enrolled him in a course in signing. But Stokoe noticed something odd: among themselves, students signed differently from his classroom teacher. Stokoe had been taught a sort of gestural code, each movement of the hands representing a word in English. At the time, American Sign Language (ASL) was thought to be no more than a form of pidgin English (混杂英语). But Stokoe believed the “hand talk”his students used looked richer. He wondered: Might deaf people actually: have a genuine language? And could that language be unlike any other on Earth? It was 1955, when even deaf people dismissed their signing as “substandard”. Stokoe's idea was academic heresy (异端邪说). It is 37 years later. Stokoe—now devoting his time to writing and editing books and journals and to producing video materials on ASL and the deaf culture—is having lunch at a cafe near the Gallaudet campus and explaining how he started a revolution. For decades educators fought his idea that signed languages are natural languages like English, French and Japanese. They assumed language must be based on speech, the modulation (调节) of sound. But sign language is based on the movement of hands, the modulation of space. “What I said,”Stokoe explains, “is that language is not mouth stuff—it's brain stuff.” 21. The study of sign language is thought to be _____C___. A) a new way to look at the learning of language B) a challenge to traditional, views on the nature of language C) an approach: to simplifying the grammatical structure of a language D) an attempt to clarify misunderstanding about the origin of language（C）
史学通论 2008 一、结合本专业实际论历史记忆与历史书写之关系。 二、如何认识历史领域后现代主义的当代挑战。 2009 一、结合实例说明历史学的社会功能。 二、史学领域的后现代主义思潮述评。 2010 一、论历史思维的方法。 二、结合史学理论与实践谈谈你对“史学即史料学”这一观点的认识。 中国古代史 2008 一、简要解释或回答以下各题。 1、刘知几与章学诚。 2、中国古代文献的四部分类法。 3、中国古代货币的主要类型。 4、结合你所报专业介绍四川大学的史学前辈学者。 二、简要论述下列各题： 1、“安史之乱”后唐代社会的变化。 2、“汉承秦制”。 2009 一、必做题 唐代有哪些主要宗教？请分别予以简略介绍。 二、选做题： 1、试论秦统一的历史原因。 2、中国历史出现过哪些重要的图书分类方法？这些分类法的代表作有 哪些？试分析这些分类法的适用范围及其优劣。 3、试论儒墨学说的异同及其对后世的影响。 4、试论“两个体系”（覆盖人民群众的档案资源体系和方便人民群众的 档案利用体系）的建设问题或者论述从藏书建设到文献资源建设到信 息资源建设理论嬗变的时代背景与发展进程。 5、略述春秋战国时期“百家争鸣”发生的社会背景和主要派别。 6、迄今为止，有关中国儒学史（或经学史）分期的观点主要有哪些？试 对这些分期法的优劣进行评析，谈谈你自己对中国儒学（或经学）发 展主要阶段的基本认识。 2010 一、必做题： 试述汉武帝时期实行的“罢黜百家，独尊儒术”政策的提出、内容及影响。 二、选做题： 1、举例说明战国时期著名的水利工程及其对当时社会经济的影响。 2、简论中国古代官私书目的历史发展及其功能。 3、试论秦统一的主要原因。
四川大学2011年博士入学考试初试合格分数线 学科门类、一级学科名称或专业名称外语专业 备注 010107 宗教学 6067 02 经济学 6675 0301 法学 6068 030503 马克思主义中国化研究 6468 0501 中国语言文学 6468 0502 外国语言文学 5660 0503 新闻学 6575 06 历史学(不含060102) 6475 060102考古学及博物馆学 6065 0701 数学、0702物理学 5560 0703 化学 6468 0710 生物学 6060 08 工学(不含0802、0803、0804、0805、 0807、0808、0810、0812、0817、0831) 5560 0802、0804、080501、080521、0807、 0817 6065 0803、08106265 080502、080503、080520、080522、 0812、0831 6468 0808 6875 090403 农药学 6060 1001 基础医学 6468
1002 临床医学、1081临床医学博士 6468 1003 口腔医学、1082口腔医学博士 6570 1004 公共卫生与预防医学 6065 100602 中西医结合临床 6468 1007 药学 6468 1201 管理科学与工程 5965 1202 工商管理(不含120203)5965 120203旅游管理7075 120402 社会医学与卫生事业管理 5965 少数民族高层次骨干 人才计划 汉族 7073 少数民族 5060 差额 政治理论（同等学力加试）60 四川大学2012年博士入学考试初试合格分数线 四川大学2012年博士入学考试初试合格分数线 学科门类、一级学科名称或专业名称外语专业备注0101 哲学（不含010106 010107）68 75 010106 美学 010107 宗教学67 72 02 经济学60 65 0301 法学71 75 030503 马克思主义中国化研究59 64 0501 中国语言文学60 69 0502 外国语言文学60 65 0503 新闻传播学65 75 06 历史学（不含060100 0602）68 78 060100 考古学54 70 0602 中国史65 77
四川大学2015年博士研究生入学考试英语试题 I. Reading Comprehension (30%; one mark each) Directions: Read the following six passages. Answer the questions below each passage by Choosing [A], [B], [C], or [D]. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet. Passage One Speech is so familiar a feature of daily life that we rarely pause to define it. It seems as natural to man as walking, and only less so than breathing. Yet it needs but a moment's reflection to convince us that this naturalness of speech is but an illusory feeling. The process of acquiring speech is, in sober fact, an utterly different sort of thing from the process of learning to walk. In the case of the latter function, culture, in other words, the traditional body of social usage, is not seriously brought into play. The child is individually equipped, by the complex set of factors that we term biological heredity, to make all the needed muscular and nervous adjustments that result in walking. Indeed, the very conformation of these muscles and of the appropriate parts of the nervous system may be said to be primarily adapted to the movements made in walking and in similar activities. In a very real sense, the normal human being is predestined to walk, not because his elders will assist him to learn the art, but because his organism is prepared from birth to take on all those muscular adaptations that result in walking. To put it concisely, walking is an inherent, biological function of man. Not so language. It is of course true that in a certain sense the individual is predestined to talk, but that is due entirely to the circumstance that he is born in the lap of a society that is certain to lead him to its traditions. Eliminate society and there is every reason to believe that he will learn to walk, if, indeed, he survives at all. But it is just as certain that he will never learn to talk, that is, to communicate ideas according to the traditional system of a particular society. Or, again, remove the new-born individual from the social environment into which he has come and transplant him to an utterly foreign one. He will develop the art of walking in his new environment very much as he would have developed it in the old. But his speech will be completely at variance with the speech of his native environment. Walking then is a general human activity that varies only within a restricted limit as we pass from individual to individual. Its variability is purposeless. Speech is a human activity that varies without assignable limit as we pass from social group to social group, the product of long-continued social usage. It varies as all creative effort varies ... not as consciously, perhaps, but none the less as truly as do the religions, the beliefs, the customs, and the arts of different peoples. Walking is an organic, an instinctive, function; speech is a non-instinctive, acquired, “cultural” function. 1. The first sentence of Paragraph Two, "Not so language", is the closest in meaning to（） [A] This is not the case with language [B] So is language and net anything else [C] No such a thing exists in language [D] Not so much with language 2. The real difference between the ability to walk and the ability to talk is that （）. [A] the former is like breathing while the latter is not [B] the former does not require social interaction while the latter does [C] the former requires muscular movement while the latter does not [D] the former is predestined while the latter is not
数值分析考试题 填空题（每小题3分，共15分） 已知X=62.1341是由准确数a经四舍五入得到的a的近似值，试给出x的绝对 误差界_________________ . 设x和y的相对误差均为0.001，贝U xy的相对误差约为 若f(X)=5x4 + x2 _3,X i = i,则A4 f (x i)= a=[10,3,4,6];t=1/( x-1); n=le ngth( a) y = a n?; for k n1 : -1 : 1 y = t* yak; end 3 2 二、（10 分）设f（X）=（x -a）。 （15分）已知矛盾方程组Ax=b，其中 A = （1）用X1,X2,X3,X4构造三次Newton插值多项式N3（X）,并计算x = 1.5的近似值N3（1.5）。 （2）用事后误差估计方法估计N3（1.5）的误差。 五、（15分） （1）设｛?o（x）,%（x）,d2（x）｝是定义于［-1,1］上关于权函数P（x） = x2的首项系数为1的正交 1. 2. 已知矩阵A =『2｝，则A的奇异值为 L2 1」 4. 5. F面Matlab程序所描述的数学表达式为 3. (1) 写出解f （X）= 0的Newton迭代格式；（2）证明此迭代格式是线性收敛的。 (1) (2) 用Householder方法求矩阵 用此正交分解求矛盾方程组 A的正交分解，即， Ax=b的最小二乘解。 A=QR。 四、（15分）给出数据点：0二12 3 4 9 6 12 15
（2）利用正交多项式组｛%（X ）,?1（X ）,?2（X ）｝，求f （X ）= X 在［-」,」］上的二次最佳平方逼近多 项式。 多项式组，若已知Wo （x ） = 1,?1（X ） = X ，试求出申2（x ）。 六、(15分)设P 1(x)是f (X)的以(^^33 ),(1 +密 为插值节点的一次插值多项式, 3 3 2 试由P 1(x)导出求积分I = f(x)dx 的一个插值型求积公式，并推导此求积公式 的截断误差。 七、(15分)已知求解线性方程组 Ax=b 的分量迭代格式 (k) + ?( X V c Jk)\ 「0 —送 a ij X j ), i =1,2,111,n dii j 4 又x^Va ，则有W '(X *)—旦(需)”丄二1 ^且H 0，故此迭代格式是线性收敛的。 6 3 6 3 2 (k 卅) x i ( = x i (1)试导出其矩阵迭代格式及迭代矩阵； (2)证明当 A 是严格对角占优阵, =-时此迭代格式收敛 2 数值分析答案 1 、填空题(每小题3分，共15分)1.丄咒10鼻 2 2. S = 3,— =1 3. 0.002 4. 120 5. y=10+^^+— + x-1 (x-1) 6 (X-1)3 二、(10 分)解：(1)因 f(X) =(x 3 - a)2，故 f (x) = 6X 2(X 3 - a)。 由Newton 迭代公式：x k - =x^〔区), k f (Xk)， k =0,1,2,111 ,3 \2 (X k -a) / 曰 \ ck 5, 5 I a 得 xk ^xk —6x 2(x 3- ar6x k 破, k =0,1,2,川 5 (2)上述迭代格式对应的迭代函数为 W(x) = - X + 6 a 伯' 67，于是f) 5 a =—一一 X 6 3 -3
一、写出5n =时 Lagrange 插值基函数2()l x 的表达式； 解：0134522021232425()()()()() ()()()()()() x x x x x x x x x x l x x x x x x x x x x x -----= ----- 二、设)(f x 的函数值及导数值为：312110='==)(f ,)(f ,)(f ，试求次数不超 过2的插值多项式。 解：因为若)(x f 在],[b a 上有三阶连续导数，已知)(x f 在],[b a 上两个互异点 10,x x 上的函数值)(0x f ，)(1x f 和一阶导数值1()f x '，则次数不超过二次的插值多项式为 2 010********* 010110 ()(2)()()()()()()()()()x x x x x x x x x x x L x f x f x f x x x x x x x --+---'=-+--- 并且插值余项为 2011 ()()()(),(,)6 R x x x x x f a b ξξ'''=--∈ 所以本题的插值多项式为 222()(1)2(2)3(1)12L x x x x x x x x =---+-=-+ 三、 x 的插值二次式)(x p 2，使得15225p 13,169p 11121222===)()(,)(p ， 解：0(169)(225)1 ()(169)(225)(121169)(121225)4992 x x l x x x --= =---- 1(121)(225)1 ()(121)(225)(169121)(169225)2688x x l x x x --= =----- 2(121)(169)1 ()(121)(169)(225121)(225169)5824 x x l x x x --= =---- 插值多项式为 2111315 ()(169)(225)(121)(225)(121)(169)499226885824 L x x x x x x x = -----+-- 2111315 (145)(145169)(145225)(145121)(145225)(145121)(145169) 499226885824 L =-----+--