汉译英短文练习
1，自从1939年以来，人们做了大量的科学研究确定了烟草对人体健康危害极大。急需立法来禁止各种烟草产品的广告宣传。因为这种广告总是劝人们吸更多的烟，因而在很大程度应对那些健康状况恶化或由肺癌致死的人们负责。
Numerous scientific studies conducted since 1939 have indicated that smoking is very harmful to health. Legislation is badly needed to ban all advertising of tobacco products as it persuades people to smoke more and so is in a large part responsible for people with deteriorating health or those who died of lung cancer.
2，虽然有些经济学家进行了悲观的预测，但事实上中国加入世界贸易组织不会给国营企业带来剧烈的冲击。国际金融新闻报的一篇评论认为，中国加入世贸组织的消极影响会是有限的，而其为国营企业带来的实质性好处是显而易见的，比如说它能够更多地引进外国技术。
China’s entry into World Trade Organization (WTO. will not have a radical impact on the State enterprises despite the distressing predictions of some economists. The International Financial News said in a commentary the negative effects of entering WTO would be limited while there would be substantial benefits for the state enterprises, such as the introduction of more foreign technology.
3，过去50年其实并不是发明创新的黄金时期。从1900年到1950年，改变人类生活的发明有汽车、飞机、电话、收音机、电视机——当然还有核武器和计算机。而近50年来，只有为数不多的发明。难道发明的源泉已经枯竭了吗？答案并非如此。事实上，发明的新时代刚刚开始。
Actually the last fifty years was not the golden age of invention and innovation. From 1900 to 1950, human life was transformed by such invention as cars, aeroplanes, telephones, radios and television sets, not to mention nuclear weapons and the computer of course. In the recent 50 years since only a few inventions have been made, was the wellspring of invention drying up? Not likely. Indeed, a new age of invention is just beginning.
4. 在现代世界中信息灵通是非常重要的。许多领域的成功取决于获取最新信息。同时，决
策的失误往往是因为缺少必要的信息。因此，我们称这个时代为信息时代。随着社会的发展，人们可以预见，在未来社会中信息的作用更为重要，没有信息，我们就如同盲人，寸步难行。
It is of great importance to be well-informed in the modern world. Success in many fields depends on getting the latest information. At the same time, failure in policy-making often results from the lack of necessary information. Therefore, we call the current era “the information will play an increasingly important part in future society. Without information we would act like the blind and could make no further step forward..
5. 受过良好教育的大学生对任何国家来说都是一笔财富。遗憾的是，人才外流已给许多发
展中国家的工业和经济造成了困难。因为那里急需工程师、科学家、经理和其他专门
人才。在那里更需要这些人才发展工业和经济。
The well-educated university students are a treasure to any country. It is a pity that the brain drain of the talented has caused some difficulties in the development of industries in many developing countries. In these countries, engineers, scientists, managers and other professionals are badly needed. They are needed to develop the industry and economy there.
6. 中国进一步发展经济、扩大开放，对各国企业意味着更多的商机。改革开放以来，中国
企业与国外、海外企业积极开展经济技术合作，取得了巨大成就。这些企业帮助了中国企业的成长，同时也在合作中获得了利益，取得了互利和双赢的结果。中国政府愿继续提供便利和条件，推动中国企业与国外、海外企业进一步开展合作。
China will develop its economy further and open itself still wider to the outside world, which offers more business opportunities to overseas enterprises. Since China’s reform and opening up, Chinese enterprises have vigorously undertaken Ecotech with overseas enterprises and scored tremendous achievements. While helping Chinese enterprises develop, overseas enterprises have also benefited from it, hence mutual benefit and all-win. The Chinese Government stands ready to continue to offer facilities and necessary conditions for closer cooperation between Chinese enterprises and their overseas counterparts.
7. 专家预测，在不久的将来，水将成为我国许多地区社会经济发展的制约因素。水体污染
的加剧，用水量的递增，都将无情地导致水荒的临近。为此，向污染开战，保护水源，乃是全人类的共同责任。
As specialists (experts. predict, in the near future, water will become a restriction (conditioned. factor for social economic development in many parts of China. Water degradation (Intensified waterpollution. and increasing demand for water supply will, without mercy, result in the approaching of water shortage disaster. Thus, fighting against pollution and protecting water sources have become the common responsibilities of mankind as a whole.
8 文化是不同国家的人们互相理解的最佳媒体。通过举办文化节，许多中国城市在世界
上的知名度提高了。已经证明，对促进中国人民和世界其他地方人民之间的交流来说，这是最好的途径之一。这种交流不仅仅限于文化方面，还扩大到了经济和其他领域。
Culture is the best medium for people of different countries to understand each other. Through culture festivals, many cities in China have raised their prestige in the world. As has been proven that, this is one of the best ways to promote the communication between Chinese people and the people from different parts of the world. This kind of communication is not only confined to culture, but extends to economy and other fields.
9. 市场经济下的公平竞争是促进经济繁荣的重要因素。但竞争过度，就会造成不容忽视的
负面影响。恶性竞争会造成大量资源和人才浪费。在剧烈竞争下，市场需要往往会让
位于竞争需要。各高科技公司不得不投下巨额资金发展新项目，结果技术和产品成堆。
如果抢不到市场败下阵来，则损失惨重。
In a market economy, the crucial factor for prosperity is fair competition. But if the competition spins out of control, the negative effects must not be overlooked. Tremendous amounts of resources and talent will be wasted on vicious competition. In a highly competitive environment, the needs of the market usually give way to the need for competition. Hi-tech companies invest huge amounts of money into new projects. As a result, redundant products flood the market. Those who cannot grab a share of the market will suffer great losses.
10. 年轻人上网已不再仅仅是下载一些音乐，玩玩游戏或者看一下比赛得分。最新一项调查
显示，上网的年轻人中的四分之三都利用网络查询过健康和医药方面的信息。除了电子邮件，学校信息，新闻类信息和娱乐信息，被调查者最感兴趣的就是这方面的信息了。这项调查首次深入调查了年轻人如何利用互联网来获得健康方面的知识。
More young people get health information from the Internet than use it to ownload music, play games, or check sports scores. A new survey shows three out of four young people who use the Internet have searched for health and medical information. In face, the only activities that more young people reported participating in were emailing, school research, and finding news and entertainment information. The survey is the first to look in depth at how young people use the Internet for health purposes finds.
11. 中国已经是世界第三大电器生产国，并且正在成为全球电器市场上的主角。中国具有巨
大的生产能力，而且每年以20%的速度增长，因此促使全球电器产品的价格不断下降。
20年前，美国、欧洲和日本公司开始进入中国，向当地市场提供了家用电器。如今这些公司却被中国竞对手弄得焦头烂额。布鲁金斯学会的拉迪说：“我们将看到在全球具有竞争力的中国公司的崛起。”
China is already the world’s third largest producer of electronics, and becoming a player in the global appliance market. With its huge production capacity--growing by about 20 percent
a year--the Chinese are relentlessly driving down global prices. Twenty years age, U.S.,
European and Japanese companies started moving into China to supply the local market with household goods. Now those companies are getting whipped by Chinese competitors. “We will see the emergence of globally competitive Chinese firms,” says the Brookings Institution’s Lardy.
12. 绿色奥运、人文奥运、科技奥运是北京申办2008年奥运会的三大主题。北京积极响应
国际奥委会的号召，把奥运会办成在环境保护方面发挥突出作用的奥林匹克盛会。北京市政府将与全市人民一道，通过申办和举办奥运会，加快实施北京市的环境保护规划，进一步改善环境质量，完善城市基础设施建设，提高市民的生活水平，促进城市可持续发展。
Green, human, and technological are the three main themes of Beijing’s bid for the 2008
Olympic Games. Actively responding to the call of the International Olympic Committee, Beijing wants its Olympics to be the Games known for promoting environmental protection.
Along with all of its citizens, through the bidding stage and hosting of the Olympic Games, Beijing’s aim is to further speed up its environmental protection plans to enhance the environmental quality, perfect construction of urban infrastructure, improve residents’ standard of living and promote the sustainable development of the city.
13. 别人吸烟，你吸入，确实会对你的肺有危害。据美国“肺协”估计，每年约有3 000名
死于肺癌的人是被动吸烟者。有一项调查发现，不吸烟的妇女，如果在吸烟的家庭环境中生活40年或更长的时间，那么就有加倍患肺癌的危险。
It surely does harm to your lungs if other people smoke and you breathe it in. According to the anticipation of American Lung Association, each year about 3,000 people who die from lung cancer are passive smokers. An investigation indicates that non-smoking women living in a smoking family environment for 40 years or still longer will have the double risk of developing lung cancer.
14. 假日经济的现象表明：随着生活水平的提高，消费结构呈多元化，消费观发生了巨大变
化，对基本生活必需品的传统需求已转向对休闲、舒适和进步的需求。中国人的消费观在蓬勃发展的假日经济中正变得成熟，因此产品结构应做相应调整，来适应社会的发展，服务质量要改善，以满足人们提高生活质量的要求。
The phenomenon of holiday economy demonstrates that, with an improvement of living standards, the consumption structure has been diversified and the consumption concept greatly changed.
Traditional consumer demand for basic necessities of life has given way to leisure, comfort and development. Therefore, the structure of products should be adjusted accordingly to adapt to soc ial development, and services should be refined to satisfy people’s demand for an improved quality of life.
15. 开发风景区代表文化建设的方向，经济的繁荣不一定带来文化的进步，首先，当人们追
求经济利益时，他们常常忽略或放弃文化建设；第二，当旧的观念被打破时, 一些人就会不知所措，或误入歧途，因此，既要发展经济，又要搞好文化建设，一直是社会的重要任务。
Developing a scenic spot represents the orientation of building culture. An economic flourish is not bound to bring about cultural progress. First, when people seek economic benefits, they often neglect or give up fostering the building of culture. Second, when old concepts are broken up, some people will be at a loss or go astray . Therefore, it has been an important task of society to keep a balance between economic development and cultural building.
16. 一项国内调查显示，国内主要旅游景点和风景区在10月1日至7日共接待游客986万
人，门票收入达两亿六千万元，一周内，有一百二十二万北京人到外地旅游，与去年
同期相比上升了37%，城市旅游总收入为两百四十三亿元，上升了52%，因此，这七天假期被称为“黄金周”。
A national survey indicates that major tourist attractions and scenic spots nationwide received a
total of 9.86 million visitors during October 1-7, and income from admission tickets hit 267 million yuan. During the week, 1.22 million Beijingers traveled to other places, an increase of 37 percent compared to the same period last year, and the city’s tourism income totaled
2.43 billion yuan, up 52 percent. Therefore, the seven-day holiday has been called a “golden
week”.
17. 根据第十个五年计划，中央政府将对西部地区增加投资力度，同时，将采取措施吸引非
政府和国外资金参与西部开发和建设，一些主要的工程项目，如西电东送、水资源保护和开发，在今后几年中，将为增长的投资需求提供巨大的可能性。
According to the 10th Five-Year Plan (2001-2005., the Central Government will increase transfer payments to the western region. In the meantime, measures will be adopted to attract non-governmental and foreign capital for participation in western development and construction. Major engineering projects, such as the west-to-east power transmission, conservation and development of water resources, will provide great possibilities for rising investment demand in the coming years.
18. 和平的环境，是一个国家、一个地区以至全球发展的重要前提。没有和平，没有稳定的
政治局面，就谈不上经济发展。历史和现实都充分说明了这一点。和平与发展是时代的主题。世界各国人民应携手合作，继续推进人类和平与发展的崇高事业。
A peaceful environment is indispensable for national, regional and even global development.
Without peace or political stability, there would be no economic progress to speak of. This has been fully proved by both the past and the present. Peace and development are the themes of the times. People across the world should join hands in advancing the lofty cause of peace and development of mankind.
19. 过去几年来，计算机科学、人工智能和材料科学上取得的重要进展，再一次燃起创造智
能机器人的希望，事实上，在制造智能机器人方面，我们取得的进展已经非常有说服力了，以至许多科学家对机器人可能带来的灾难公开表示忧虑，无论前景充满希望还是危机四伏，人类的探索之路始终都是对智力的挑战。
In the past few years, important advances in computer science, artificial intelligence and material science have once again raised hopes of making intelligent robots. In fact, progress toward anintelligent robot has been so convincing that many scientists are worrying publicly about the perils of robots. Whether humans are in a hopeful or precarious place, the journey here has been an intellectual challenge.
20. 据不完全统计，该市有民间环保组织50多个，他们根据各自的特点活跃在群众中，引
导本社区群众保护环境，创建绿色家园、社区，开展垃圾分类活动，举办咨询会、报告会，宣传保护野生动物，举办环保夏令营等。
According to incomplete statistics, there are more than 50 non-government environmental protection organizations in the city. They exploit their advantages to the fullest with the public, guiding local people to protect the environment and build a green home and a green community, advocating garbage segregation, holding consultation meetings, giving public lectures, calling upon people to protect wild animals and organizing environmental protection summer camp activities, etc.
21 别人吸烟，你吸入，确实会对你的肺有危害。据美国“肺协”估计，每年约3,000名死
于肺癌的人是被动吸烟者。有一项调查发现，不吸烟的妇女，如果在吸烟的家庭环境中生活40年或更长的时间，那么就有加倍患肺癌的危险。(93 words)
It surely does harm to your lungs if other people smoke and you breathe it in. According to the anticipation of American Lung Association, each year about 3,000 people who die from lung cancer are passive smokers. An investigation indicates that non-smoking women living in a smoking family environment for 40 years or still longer will have the double risk of developing lung cancer.
22．文化是不同国家的人们互相理解的最佳媒体。通过举办文化节，许多中国城市在世界上的知名度提高了。已经证明，对促进中国人民和世界其他地方人民之间的交流来说，这是最好的途径之一。这种交流不仅仅限于文化方面，还扩大到了经济和其他领域。
Culture is the best medium for people of different countries to understand each other. Through culture festivals, many cities in China have raised their prestige in the world. As has been proven that, this is one of the best ways to promote the communication between Chinese people and the people from different parts of the world. This kind of communication is not only confined to culture, but extends to economy and other fields.
23. 过去50年其实并不是发明创新的黄金时期。从1900年到1950年，改变人类生活的发
明有汽车、飞机、电话、收音机、电视机——当然还有核武器和计算机。而近50年来，只有为数不多的发明。难道发明的源泉已经枯竭了吗？答案并非如此。事实上，发明的新时代刚刚开始。
Actually the last fifty years was not the golden age of invention and innovation. From 1900 to 1950, human life was transformed by such invention as cars, aeroplanes, telephones, radios and television sets, not to mention nuclear weapons and the computer of course. In the recent 50 years since only a few inventions have been made, was the wellspring of invention drying up? Not likely. Indeed, a new age of invention is just beginning.
24 在过去20年中，世界上没有任何一个国家的外贸发展速度像中国那么快。日本用了20
多年时间才将其外贸总额翻了一番而中国却翻了两番。中国现在已是全球第三大电器生产国，并且正在成为全球电器市场上的主角。中国还是世界上劳动密集型(labor-intensive)产品的主要生产国。间才将其外贸总额翻了一番，而中国却翻了两番~
Over the last two decades, no country in the world has expanded its foreign trade as fast as China. Japan took more than 20 years to double its foreign trade, while China, for the same length of time, has quadrupled its foreign trade (has increased its foreign trade by three times .. Already the world' s third largest producer of electric appliances, China is now playing a major role in the global market of the electric wares. China has also become a major producer of labor-intensive manufactured goods in the world.
25 为了成功举办2008年奥运会，北京计划投入230亿美元用于基础设施建设。据说一些外国公司已经注意到了这些商机。美国的一些公司打算在电信和信息技术方面提供产品和服务。英国的一些公司也正在围绕北京奥运会寻求商机，他们试图找到自己有优势的领域，如不污染环境的建筑技术等。
In order to hold the 2008 Olympic Games successfully, Beijing plans to invest 23 billion US dollars in the construction of basic facilities, It is reported that some foreign companies have noticed these business opportunities. Some American companies plan to provide products and service in the areas of telecommunication and information technology. Some British companies are also seeking businessopportunities from Beijing Olympic Games. They are trying find the areas where U. K has advantages, such as the architectural technology which will not pollute the environment.
汉译英短文翻译——清华在线 1 近年来，中国城市化进人加速阶段，取得了极大的成就，同时也出现了种种错综复杂的问题。今天的城乡建设速度之快、规模之大、耗资之巨、涉及面之广、尺度之大等已远非生产力低下时期所能及，建筑已成为一种重大的经济活动。（102字） 难点注释： 1）城市化urbanization 2）加速阶段an accelerating phase 3）错综复杂的问题some complicated problems 4）远非…所能及surpass 5）重大的经济活动a major economic pursuit 2 世界各地有3,600万人染上了艾滋病—这比整个澳大利亚的人口还多。目前，艾滋病是全球第4大死因，而在非洲则是头号罪魁。在非洲，艾滋病使工人丧失工作，使家庭丧失经济来源，使父母丧失孩子。在7个非洲国家中，巧岁至49岁的人口中艾滋病病毒感染者占到20％以上。（119字） 难点注释： 1）染上艾滋病suffer from AIDS 2）头号罪魁the chief culprit 3）使……丧失deprive of 4）艾滋病病毒感染者people infected with HIV 3 当今中国，对传真机的使用已十分普及，并成为现代重要的通讯终端设备。据一项调查显示，2002年，中国市场对传真机的需求量约为200万台，国内产量仅满足了约30%的需求，进口机占据市场的主导地位。（89字） 难点注释： 1）传真机fax machines 2）通讯终端设备telecommunications terminal equipment 3）占主导地位dominate 4 2000年，美国数码相机的销量达到惊人的510万台，而1999年只有310万台。数码相机的流行其原因非常简单：成像质量好且花费少。此外，使用数码相机还能省去不少麻烦。你不用买胶卷，所有的照片都被存在可反复使用的存储卡上。一按快门，就可以马上在液晶显示屏上观察照片的效果。（124字） 难点注释： 1）数码相机digital camera 2）可反复使用的存储卡reusable memo叮cards
原文 巷 柯灵译者-张培基 巷，是城市建筑艺术中一篇飘逸恬静的散文，一幅古雅冲淡的图画①。这种巷，常在江南的小城市中，有如古代的少女，躲在僻静的深闺，轻易不肯抛头露面②。你要在这种城市里住久了,和它真正成了莫逆，你才有机会看见她③，接触到她优娴贞静的风度。 人耐心静静走去，要老半天才走完。它又这么曲折, 什么时候，你向巷中踅去，都如宁静的黄昏，可以清晰地听到自己的 斑斑驳驳的苔痕，墙上挂着一串串苍翠欲滴 的藤萝，简直像古朴的屏风。春来 小巷的动人处就是它无比的悠闲。无论是谁， 你的心情就会如巷尾不波的古井，那是一种和平的静穆，而不是阴森和肃杀⑩。它闹中取静，别有天地，仍是人间。它可能是一条现代的乌衣巷(11)，家家有自 己的一本哀乐帐， 使人忘忧。 译文 The Lane Ke Ling The lane, in terms of the art of urban architecture, is like a piece of prose of gentle gracefulness or a painting of classic elegance and simplicity①.
a small the lane, a maiden of ancient times hidden away in a secluded boudoir, is reluctant to make its appearance long time.③ The does not taste of the countryside at all. It is long and deep, so it will take you a long while to walk patiently and quietly through it from end to end. It is also so winding that it seems ⑤when you look far ahead, but if you keep walking until you take a turning, you’ll find it again lying endless and still more quiet. There is nothing but stillness there⑥. At any hour of day, you can even distinctly hear in the , which, moss-covered and hung with clusters of fresh green wisteria, look almost like screens of primitive simplicity. Inside the walls are residents’ gardens with In spring, beautiful peach and apricot blossoms atop the walls, ⑧waving their red sleeves, will sway hospitably to beckon the pedestrians. The charm of the lane lies in its absolute serenity. No matter who you are, if you in the lane for a while⑨, your mind will become as unruffled as the ancient well at the end of the lane. There you will a kind of peaceful calmness rather than gloomy sternness⑩. There reigns peace and quiet in the midst of noisy bustle. It is a world of its own on earth. It may be a modern (11)where each family, secluded behind closed doors, has its own covered-up story of （12）The all-pervading and all-purifying atmosphere of water-like placidness makes one forget all cares and worries.
第十节长句的翻译 I． 1、在非洲，我遇到了一个小孩，他哭得很伤心，我问他时，他说他饿了，两天 没吃饭了。 2、我那屋子很叫人开心，它坐落在这所房子最高的一层，俯临大海，那时月光 正澄澈晶明地照在海面上。 3、我躺在床上，睡不着，听着雨点儿落在路面上啪啪作响。我思绪万千，恍恍 惚惚进入了一条幽暗的甬道，回想起许多痛苦的往事。心里一阵冰凉，不禁感到毛骨悚然。 4、数学家尝试用电脑模仿人脑的工作方式，他们发现即使最新近的电子设备做 出的电脑也超过了10000千克。 5、我认为一个没有受过教育的人，他的心灵犹如采石场上的大理石，只有能工 巧匠雕琢研磨，才能显出斑斓的色彩，光洁的层面，使其通体披上云纹、彩点和石理的盛装，否则它那天生丽质便无从显现。 6、这一简单的事实表明了，所抵消的摩擦了越大，球便滚得越远，因此，可以 推断，如果所有的吸引力和阻力都消失的话，球一旦滚动，就没有理由停下来。 7、有些国家，我想称之为大国的卫星国，甚至可以说是大国的应声虫。他们来 自不同的地区，操不同的语言，有着不同的宗教信仰，很可能会施加影响，赞成把西藏从中华人民共和国分裂出去。这正是他们求之不得的。 8、我们的宪章，作为历史的产物，有它的局限性。因此，尽管我国政府一贯认 为，严格遵守宪章的原则是世界各国共同进步的关键，但我们仍然冒昧地建议做某些修改。这种修改是技术性的而不是政治性的，以改善该组织的效率。 我们的工作效率越高，我们所向往的崇高目标越可能实现。 9、轮船离开港口，带着我们一家人在返回美国的途中开始第一段行程的时候， 我怀着既宽慰又怅然的心情凝视着从视野中逐渐消失的日本海岸——我为从被人监视的令人窒息的气氛中解脱出来而感到宽慰；又为我要写的书将要使我在我的出生之地成为不受欢迎的人而惆怅。 10、我复审并重新推敲了我再阅读原始材料时所做的笔记，确信自第二次世界大战结束后所推行的日本当代史是一部精心勾画的伪史，这部伪史是战争后期部分地由参谋本部中心反谍报专家，部分地由身居高位的廷臣们杜撰的。 II． 1、汽车和火车在已经刹车的情况下仍然移动一段距离。那些观察到这一现象的 人很清楚：运动着的物体具有继续运动的倾向。 2、所谓气体就是保持均匀状态的一种物质。如果温度维持不变，压力持续减少， 体积就会无限制地膨胀。
汉译英作文法 其实现在人们所提到的“汉译英作文法”，并不算是什么新出现的方法，其实这个想法的雏形在李笑来的《TOEFL-ibt高分作文》就已经出现了，这应该才是鼻祖。无老师只是在这里将这种方法很系统，有条理的解释一遍，供大家参考。 这种方法是在一种很无奈的情况下的折中选择。因为现在中国的教育资源极端的不充足，再加上中国人口众多，因此就早正现在的真正能够提供有价值的培训，以及为这种有价值的培训付费的资源都是十分贫乏的情况下的无奈选择。随着中国的教育市场越来越大，同时人们对于知识的尊重和认知越来越好的时候，这样的方法，就会因为难以迅速的达到人们满意的效果而慢慢进行改良。但是不得不承认，现在的中国，这种“汉译英作文法”还是最简单粗暴的，同时也最可行的提升人们作文水平的方法。 其实人们现在准备托福作文的优质教材并不多。这本李笑来的《TOEFL-ibt高分作文》，应该算是其中比较优秀的一本。 在这本书之中，其主要的内容都是老托福的作文题，这些作文题被我们称为TWE，在PBT老托福时代，TWE作文是有其固定的题库的，一共是185篇作文的题库。这本《TOEFL-ibt高分作文》就是把185篇作文题目，每个题目都附上英文范文，以及相应的中文翻译。
因此看上去，每个作文题目都是中英文两篇文章，实际上是同一篇文章，因为他们可以互译。 接下来就是这种“汉译英作文法”的主要操作流程了： 第一步、随便挑20篇作文题目，因为这种方法主要练习的是人写作文的实力，因此具体选那个题目并不重要，只要随机挑选20篇作文就好了。 第二步、将英文范文遮住，然后按照这篇中文翻译稿，逐句的将这篇中文翻译稿再用自己的能力将其翻译成英文，在这个过程中，你就要思考一句话，自己到底应该怎么表达，通过这种方式练习把自己心中的中文翻译成为英文的能力，其实这也就是考试所需要的能力。 但是很显然，初期写的时候很痛苦，一篇作文有可能要花1小时，甚至更长的时间来完成，这很正常，坚持下来就好了，慢慢速度就会提升上来的。 我们初期写出的英文作文句式很单一，用词很贫乏，甚至有很多语法错误，同时很多中式英语，写的也不地道，这都是很正常的。这就需要第三步。 第三步、将被遮住的英文范文打开，按照英文范文，逐字逐句的修改自己的英文作文，这里可以发现，几乎整篇文章都是不一样的，不管从用词，还是局势的结构，以及表达的方式都是不一样的。
汉译英短文翻译 1 近年来，中国城市化进人加速阶段，取得了极大的成就，同时也出现了种种错综复杂的问题。今天的城乡建设速度之快、规模之大、耗资之巨、涉及面之广、尺度之大等已远非生产力低下时期所能及，建筑已成为一种重大的经济活动。（102字） 难点注释： 1）城市化urbanization 2）加速阶段an accelerating phase 3）错综复杂的问题some complicated problems 4）远非?一所能及surpass 5）重大的经济活动a major economic pursuit 2 世界各地有3,600万人染上了艾滋病—这比整个澳大利亚的人口还多。目前，艾滋病是全球第4大死因，而在非洲则是头号罪魁。在非洲，艾滋病使工人丧失工作，使家庭丧失经济来源，使父母丧失孩子。在7个非洲国家中，巧岁至49岁的人口中艾滋病病毒感染者占到20％以上。（119字） 难点注释： 1）染上艾滋病suffer from AIDS 2）头号罪魁the chief culprit 3）使……丧失deprive of 4）艾滋病病毒感染者people infected with HIV 3 当今中国，对传真机的使用已十分普及，并成为现代重要的通讯终端设备。据一项调查显示，2002年，中国市场对传真机的需求量约为200万台，国内产量仅满足了约30%的需求，进口机占据市场的主导地位。（89字） 难点注释： 1）传真机fax machines 2）通讯终端设备telecommunications terminal equipment 3）占主导地位dominate 4 2000年，美国数码相机的销量达到惊人的510万台，而1999年只有310万台。数码相机的流行其原因非常简单：成像质量好且花费少。此外，使用数码相机还能省去不少麻烦。你不用买胶卷，所有的照片都被存在可反复使用的存储卡上。一按快门，就可以马上在液晶显示屏上观察照片的效果。（124字） 难点注释： 1）数码相机digital camera 2）可反复使用的存储卡reusable memo叮cards 3）按快门press the shutter 4）液晶显示屏the LCD screen 5 由于历史、政治和经济上的原因，全世界讲英语、用英语的人为数最多。但是英语之所以能在全球流行，除了上述原因之外，也和英语自身的一些特性和特点不无相关。其中最重要的一点就是英语特别容易接受和适应—英语中的词汇吸收了全世界几乎所有主要语言的
第三部分：中译英 1. 中国的丝绸产品比世界上任何其他国家都要多。 China produces more silk products than any other countries in the world. 2. 不论她如何说，我也不相信这个消息。 Whatever she said, I won’t believe this piece of news. 3. 不管发生什么，他们都将完成这个试验。 No matter what happens, they will complete this experiment. 4. 大多数人相信因特网的益处多于问题。 Most people believe that the advantages of the Internet outweigh its disadvantages. 5. 很难记住你不感兴趣的信息。 It is very difficult to memorize the information that you are not interested in. 6. 他们受到的教育越多，就越能更好地工作。 The more education they receive, the better they can work. 7. 作为志愿者，她利用业余时间在社区教英语。 As a volunteer, she teaches English in the community in her spare time. 8. 研究表明，成功的语言学习者在许多方面都有共同之处。 Research indicates that successful language learners have a lot in common. 9. 我们还没有找到一个代替他的人。 We still haven’t found a substitute for him. We still haven’t found anyone to take his place. 10. 他建议她工作时间不要太长。 He advised her not to work long hours. 11. 因为他没有遵守安全规则，出了事故。 Accidents happened because he didn’t obey the safety/security rules. 12. 为提高生活水平，他不得不找一份兼职工作。 In order to improve his standard of living, he had to look for a part-time job. 13. 由于成本问题，它的实际应用受到了限制。 Due to cost problems, its actual/practical application has been limited. 14. 你不得不承认他的表现接近完美。 You have to admit that his performance is nearly perfect. 15. 在英语学习中，我们最重要的就是练习。 In English studies, the most important thing for us is practice. 16.市场经济在中国发展中发挥着重要的作用. Market economy has played a significant part/role in China's development. 17. 因为海伦拒绝了他吃饭的邀请,约翰很失望. John was very disappointed because Helen declined his invitation to dinner. 18. 因为他的帮助,我英语期末考试终于通过了. Thanks to his help, I finally passed the end-of-term English exam. 19. 学生们都盼着假期去旅游. The students are looking forward to traveling during the vacation. 20.不采用新技术,就不能大幅度增加产量. Without adopting new technology there will be no great increase in production.
在从前的农业社会里，中国人最重要的节日就是过年。对过去的一年来说，这是结束；对未来的一年来说，这是开始。一进入腊月，街头巷尾就充满了过年的气氛，这种气氛要持续一个半月之久。大家通过各种游乐节目来调剂一年来的辛劳，在游乐中流露着一种乐观进取的精神。过年时，每家门上都贴上了春联，耀眼的红纸给人们带来了喜气，优美的字句提供了勉励。 In previous/former agricultural society, the Spring Festival was the most important holiday in China.It is the end of the past year and the beginning of the next. As soon as the twelfth month of the lunar year begins, streets are filled with an atmosphere of celebrating the Spring Festival for a month and a half. People relax and get rid of the past year’s hard work by a variety of entertainment with a sense of optimism and enterprise. During the holiday, Spring Festival couplets are put on the door of every household. The shining red paper brings happiness to people, and the elegant/graceful words offers encouragement. 上海是一座朝气蓬勃、充满活力、多姿多彩的国际化大都市。改革开放以来，上海变化之大令世人瞩目。经济高速发展、社会秩序稳定、人们安居乐业，呈现出一片繁华景象。今天，尽管上海色彩斑斓的过去还值得留恋和回味，但城市日新月异的面貌却使越来越多的人折服。浦西展示了上海的辉煌岁月，浦东则展现了上海的美好前景。上海就像一轮红日，光芒四射，鲜艳夺目。 Shanghai is a dynamic, vigorous and diversified international metropolis. Since the reform and opening-up to the outside world, Shanghai has witnessed tremendous changes that attract worldwide attention. With rapid economic development, stable social order as well as peaceful and contented life and work of its people, Shanghai presents a scene of great prosperity. Today, though Shanghai’s glorious past is still worth remembering and savoring, its ever-changing image has filled more and more people with admiration. Puxi represents Shanghai’s splendid past, while Pudong unfolds its bright future. Like a rising sun, Shanghai is shining strikingly with great brilliance. 古时候的读书人，闲暇时间以琴棋书画自娱自乐。在中国人看来，艺术品的好坏反映了作者人格的高低。因此，弹琴、下棋、书法和绘画，都代表了一个人的修养。弹琴不是要做音乐家，而是进入一个辽阔的世界，净化自己的心灵。下棋不是为了胜负，而是磨练耐性，使人目光眼大。书法不仅要把字写得漂亮，也是为了陶冶情操。绘画则是通过简单的线条，展现自己想象的世界。 In ancient times, scholars enjoyed themselvesby music, chess, calligraphy and painting at their leisure/in their spare time. In the eyes of Chinese people, the quality of artwork is a reflection of the character of its creator. Therefore, playing music, playing chess, practicing calligraphy and painting show one’s culture. By playing music, one does not aim to be a musician but to broaden his horizons and purify his soul. By playing chess, one does not aim to win but to test his patience and sharpen his foresight. By practicing calligraphy, one aims not only to write beautifully but also to cultivate his mind. By painting, one creates his imaginary world with simple lines.
三、汉译英专项练习答案及解析 一、倍数增减的表示法 1)is 2.5 times greater than Force N2 （考点：倍数+ 形容词/副词比较级+ than） 2)reacts three times as fast as the other one （考点：倍数+ as + 形容词/副词+ as） 3)is 49 times the size of the moon （考点：倍数+ 名词） 4)wants to raise the rent by a third （考点：动词+ by + 数词/百分比/倍数） 5)plan to double their investment （考点：double + 名词） 二、时态 1)or the wedding will have finished by the time we get to the church （考点：将来完成时） 2)the children had fallen asleep （考点：过去完成时） 3)my sister will be taking her vacation at the seaside （考点：将来进行时） 4)have been revising my resume all the morning （考点：现在完成进行时） 5)No. It has been five years since I went on holiday （考点：It has been … since sb. did sth. 表示某人有多长时间没有做某事了） 6)He has been in the army for 5 years （考点：1. 现在完成时；2.要用持续性动词才能接一段时间） 三、被动语态 1)is being replaced by the computer and the projector （考点：被动语态的现在进行时） 2)will have been published by the end of this year （考点：被动语态的将来完成时） 3)can be used to demonstrate the way that cells work （考点：1. 被动语态与情态动词联用; 2. 汉语有些没有“被”字等标志词的句子也表示被动, 要译成英语的被动语态） 4)I was startled, for the prices were a great deal higher than I had anticipated （考点：同“3”的考点2） 5)Effective measures must be taken immediately （考点：汉语的无主句通常翻译成英语的被动语态） 四、情态动词 1)but there is no answer. She can’t be at home （考点：情态动词可以表示可能性，can’t 表示“一定不”）
汉译英 1．There will be a car show this weekend.(改为否定句) There_________ __________a car show this weekend. 2．I need 40000 yuan to pay for the summer camp.(对划线部分提问) __________ __________money do you need to pay for the summer camp? 3．I found it difficult to get to sleep in the night.(改写同义句) I found _______ ________ difficult to get to sleep in the night. 4．你能告诉我怎样处理这些问题吗? Can you tell me how I can________ _______these problems? 根据所给提示，完成句子。每空一词，含缩略词。 5．There is a supermarket near his house. (用next week改写) There ________ ________ a supermarket near his house next week. 6． My cousin went to America and bought the expensive handbag for $300.(同义句转换) My cousin went to America and ________ $300 ________ the expensive handbag. 7． They will go home in five days. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ will they go home? 8．他努力学习，以便于考试合格。(完成译句) He studied hard _________ ___________ to pass the exam. 9．听音乐是有乐趣的事。 ____________________________________________________________________. 10．Tom希望他的梦想成真。 _____________________________________________________________________. 11．那个短发男子教我们语文 _____________________________________________________________________. 12．我经常放学后打篮球。 _____________________________________________________________________. 13．我和Millie都是阅读兴趣小组的新成员。 _______________________________________________________________________. 14．Kate是一个留着长直发的害羞女孩。 Kate is a ________ girl ________ long _______ hair. 15．多么诚实的男孩啊！他从不撒谎。 What _______ ________ boy! He never ________ lies. 16．英国学生暑假比美国学生少休息几周。 British students ________ ________ weeks _______ for the summer holiday than American students. 17．我弟弟总是乐于帮助其他人解决问题。 My brother is always _______________________________________ problems. 18．因为看演出，昨天放学比平时稍微迟了点。 Because we watched a show, school ended ______________________________ yesterday. 19．谁能再向他们提供三本书？ Who _______________________________________________? 20．桑蒂留着长发。 Sandy ________ long ________. 21．我希望他的梦想成真。 I hope his dream will ___________ ____________. 22．他不擅长球，放学后他不打球。
汉译英 1、（2016?永州）我们应该学会怎样与人相处融洽． We should learn how to get along well with others． 【考点】汉译英． 【分析】get along 【解答】答案：get along．中英文对照后得出这里两个空是表达相处的含义，故用get along （well）with sb，与某人相处融洽；前面是how to结构，to是不定式符号后加动词原形，故用get along． 2、（2016?达州）中国将不会拒绝任何一个真心加入亚投行的国家． China won'tturn down any country that really wants to join Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank． 【考点】汉译英． 【分析】turn down 【解答】答案：turn down 通过中英文句子的比对，可知英文句子中缺少"拒绝"的表达．首先跟据设空处前面有助动词won't，判断设空处应填动词原形，短语"拒绝"的英文表达是turn down，故答案为：turn down 3、（2016?绥化）小菜一碟．A piece of cake． 【考点】汉译英． 【分析】A piece of cake． 【解答】答案：A piece of cake．这是一个英语中的习惯用法，表示小菜一碟用a piece of cake．故答案是A piece of cake．
4、（2016?达州）我们很遗憾的发现中学课本中大量的优秀古诗文被删除． It's a pity to find that a lot of wonderful poems werecut outfrom the textbooks．【考点】汉译英． 【分析】cut out 【解答】答案：cut out 通过中英文句子的比对，可知英文句子中缺少"删除"的表达．在that引导的宾语从句中，主语"大量的优秀古诗文"是动作"删除"的承受者，且表述的是过去的事情，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，构成是：主语+was/were+动词的过去分词，短语"删除"的英文表达是cut out，cut的过去分词是cut，故答案为：cut out 5、（2016?济南）人类社会的进步不但取决于人们掌握的科学知识，还取决于他们的创新精神． The development of human society depends on not only people'sscientificknowledge but also their creative spirit． 【考点】汉译英． 【分析】scientific knowledge． 【解答】答案：scientific knowledge．中英文对照后这里需要表达科学知识，depend on 表示取决于，后加上名词代词或动名词，people's是名词所有格，后加上名词，故这里用形容词scientific 意为"科学的"，修饰后面的不可数名词knowledge，故scientific knowledge表示科学知识，故答案是scientific knowledge． 6、（2016?济南）济南的一家购物中心在靠近电梯的地方为残疾人提供了专用车位． A shopping mall in Jinan has provided some special parking places for the disabled，which are next to the lifts．
1. 她生气了吗？ 2. 你在和谁说话？ 3. 今天早上他离开了这里。 4. 今年暑假你打算做什么？ 5. 为什么我们不听听音乐呢？ 6. 树上的鸟儿在歌唱。 7. 当我回来时，我会给你打电话。 8. 我要为他举行一次大聚会。 9. 你的寒假怎么样？ 10. 你在北京多久了？
11. 去年暑假我去了那儿。 12. 对我来说说好英语很难。 13. 昨天下午你为什么不在家？ 14. 这里经常下雨，因此我很少出门。 15. 昨天下午我看到他和他的朋友在树林里玩。 16. 商店里有很多新玩具。 17. 他去哪儿了？ 18. 树上的苹果又大又红。 19. 昨天的英语课怎么样？ 20. 你读完这本书了吗？
21. 这些天你在做什么？ 22. 今天早饭你吃了什么？ 23. 如果我步行去那儿，我会迟到。 24. 第一次到达这个小岛时，我什么都没有。 25. 我有太多的作业，因此我没有时间做我喜欢的事情。 26. 商丘是一个拥有悠久历史的城市。 27. 我不知道该怎么办。 28. 自从我生病，他就对我精心照顾。 29. 你的生日是什么时候？ 30. 广场上有很多人在跳舞。
31. 这个人我认识。 32. 这个周日有一场关于如何学好英语的报告。 33. 这恰恰是我所需要的。 34. 许多孩子擅长打电脑游戏而对学习不感兴趣。 35. 这是一个例子。 36. 老师让我们尽可能认真地写作业。 37. 做听力练习是学好英语的秘诀之一。 38. 如果你不能清楚地看到黑板上的每一个单词，你可以坐到前面。 39. 你喜欢在业余时间里做什么？ 40. 对他来说做出一个决定很难。
汉译英专项练习答案 一、倍数增减的表示法 is 2.5 times greater than Force N2 reacts three times as fast as the other one is 49 times the size of the moon wants to raise the rent by a third plan to double their investment 二、时态 or the wedding will have finished by the time we get to the church the children had fallen asleep my sister will be taking her vacation at the seaside have been revising my resume all the morning No. It has been five years since I went on holiday He has been in the army for 5 years 三、被动语态 is being replaced by the computer and the projector will have been published by the end of this year can be used to demonstrate the way that cells work I was startled, for the prices were a great deal higher than I had anticipated Effective measures must be taken immediately 四、情态动词 but there is no answer. She can’t be at home I may have left them in the coffee shop yesterday You must have dreamed of something terrible You should have invited her to your graduation ceremony I needn’t have put on my best suit to go to the pa rty 五、虚拟语气 I had had your opportunities when I was young he had known this disease is curable painted it blue, and without any decorations measures were taken to solve the problem of traffic jams as though he were delivering a speech at an assembly Jack (should) be sent to hospital right now more mobile shops (should) be set up in the residential area they (should) set up a special board/committee to examine this problem the mid-term exams (should) be canceled we (should) be short of water in a country where it is always raining everyone (should) be prepared for emergency If he had booked tickets in the way I told him if I had not been interrupted
汉译英专项训练答案 第一周 1．Ｔheｒe is nｏｔime lｉmｉtatioｎｉn sucｈclasses so ｓtudeｎts can rｅpeaｔexeｒciｓes___＿__（想要多少次都可以) ［参考答案]ａsｍａny times as they neeｄ [详细解答] 考查连接结构as…aｓ,表示“同…一样达到某种程度”。 2.Thｅmｅdiａare__＿__＿_(起着越来越重要的作用）in leadiｎｇfashｉons and trｅｎd． [参考答案] playinｇaｎｉncreasiｎgly impｏrtant ｒoｌe。要注意副词iｎcrｅasinｇlｙ的用法。3．___＿＿＿_(这件夹克不但太大), tｈe jacｋeｔdｏn'ｔmatcｈmy trｏｕseｒs eｉther． ［参考答案] Apart from bｅｉng tｏo ｌaｒge [详细解答]apart from在此相当于in additiｏn tｏ还有一个意思等同于exceｐｔｆor。 4. Now that the colｄｗarｉs oｖer，weｍust bｅｇiｎtｏ____(集中更多的精力来谋求世界和平). [参考答案] concｅntraｔe moｒｅon world peａce [详细解答] 此处考查动词conｃｅｎtrate的用法。另外注意代词mｏre的用法。 ５. Ｓhｅhas gｏt useｄto＿___(用吸管喝牛奶) tｈough shｅiｓonly ｔｗo moｎths old． [参考答案] sucking milk tｈrough a stｒaw [详细解答］此处ｕｓeｄ是形容词，表示“已适应,已习惯”,to后接名词或动名词形式。 6. Dｅpenｄｉng oｎｗhat yoｕaｒｅlooking ｆｏr, yｏu hａｖeｔo jｕdgｅfor yourself＿_＿ ＿__(这些资料对你来说有多大的相关性）。 ［参考答案] how relｅｖant the ｍaterｉaｌis for yｏｕ [详细解答]此处考查ｈow引起的宾语从句的用法,表示“多么,到何种程度”。 7. Maｒy receiｖeｄｕnｅmploｙｍent comｐｅnsaｔion＿＿________ (当他从工厂下岗后）。 [参考答案] when sheｗａs laid off from her ｆacｔory ｊoｂ [详细解答]此处考查动词短语lａy ｏff的用法。 8. _＿__＿＿_＿__(第一次也是最后一次）dｉd I ｑuａrreｌwｉｔh my belｏｖｅd paｒents. [参考答案］For the ｆirｓｔand last time [详细解答］此句为倒装结构。注意ｆｉrsｔ和lａst的连用情况。 9. Tｒuｅｆrｉeｎdship ｆｏreseeｓtｈｅneeｄs oｆothers______＿__(而不是声明自己的要求) [参考答案] rather ｔhan proclaims ｉts own [详细解答］rａther than意思相当于instｅad of。1０.Iｔｒied eveｒy meaｎs tｏget a coｐy oｆｈer newly issuｅd aｌbｕm,＿_______＿____＿(却没有得到). [参考答案] ｂｕｔfaｉleｄ。此处考查动词fａil的用法。 第二周 １.Ｗｅdon'ｔlaughａt______＿＿＿＿_（那伙敢于尝试的人）ｎo ｍattｅｒhｏw manｙｅrror ｓthey mａkｅ． [参考答案] those who dare try [详细解答] 此处考查定语从句的用法。注意情态动词ｄare的用法。 2. Amｅrica is freqｕently refｅrred to as a"ｔhrow－awａy society＂becaｕse_＿____＿_________(大多数产品都是用过就扔的） [参考答案］mostｐrｏｄｕｃtｓare ｍaｄｅto use and then dｉscａrd [详细解答] 注意此处两个动词use和diｓｃaｒｄ的用法。 3.The Cｏmｍiｔtee ｄeｃided that ａprｏｐosal______＿_＿_＿___(应立即提交给国会）. [参考答案](sｈoulｄ）bｅｓubmitted ｔo the statｅcｏｕｎｃil immeｄiａtｅlｙ [详细解答］此处考查虚拟语气。另需注意动词sｕbｍｉｔ的用法。 4．＿＿_____＿_________＿(强迫证人作出对自身不利的证词)is againｓt his cｏnstｉtutiｏnal righｔ