现在完成时讲解与练习
如果你想说“我已经看过某部电影，所以不想看了”、“某人曾经做过什么事情”等等，该如果表达呢？首先请看下面的句子：
（1）I have seen the film. I don’t want to see it again.
这部电影我已经看过，不想再看了。
（2）Have you answered all the questions? 所有的问题你都回答了吗？
（3）Have you ever looked at a travel brochure?
你看过旅游宣传册吗？
（4）She has never visited the USA.
她从没有过去美国。
观察：以上句子的谓语动词的一个共同特点是_____________________________, 用于表示在以前的某个时间曾经做过的、发生的事情，这种行为对目前有某种影响。我们把这种时态称为“现在完成时”。
一、现在完成时的概念。
①现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。
She has bought a car 她买了一辆车。
She has arrived. 她到了。
②表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。
We've known each other since we were children. （我们从小就认识。）
I have been a member of the Party for 10 years.
二、构成：”助动词have, has + 过去分词”
现在完成时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式（以work为例）：
练. 把下面变否定句、一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答。
1. I have done my homework.
否定句：_______________________________________
一般疑问句：___________________________________
回答：_________________________________________
2. The plane has arrived.
否定句：_______________________________________
一般疑问句：___________________________________
回答：_________________________________________
三、现在完成时用法归纳
1. 现在完成时表示过去发生的动作现已完成，对现在造成的影响和结果。(此种用法谓语动词用短暂性动词) 如：The plane has arrived.
常用的时间状语和副词：
如：I have already done my homework.
如：Has she finished cooking yet? 他做完饭了吗？
练：I have already done my homework. (变为否定句)
______________________________________________
ever (曾经)，句中，多用于疑问句
如：Have you ever been to Shanghai?
never (从不) ，本身否定
before (以前)，句尾，独立用
just (刚刚)，用于肯定句中，常用在助动词和过去分词之间。
如：I have just heard the news. 我刚刚听到消息。
2. 现在完成时表示过去已经开始，持续到现在，可能延续到将来的动作和状态。
常与表示过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间状语连用。如：
a.for + 一段时间：for two hours
b.since + 时间点：since 1999, since last year
c.since + 一段时间+ ago =for + 一段时间
since two days ago=______________________
d.up to now, till now, , so far(到目前为止)
e.in the past two years, in the last few days
f.recently, lately(最近)
如：Miss Zhao has taught math for five years.
His mother has worked in the shop since 1990.
The Greens have lived in London since three years ago.
[注]：其中在a,b,c,d 这四种结构中，谓语动词必须为延续性动词。
如：
这本书我已买了一年半了！)
用since和for填空
1.______two years
2.____two years ago
3.___last month
4.______ 1999
5._______yesterday
6._______ 4 o’clock
7 ________4 hours 8._____an hour ago
9. ___we were children 10._____ lunch time 11.____ she left here
12. He has lived in Nanjing ___ the year before last.
13. I’ve known him ______ we were children.
14. Our teacher has studied Japanese ______ three years.
15. She has been away from the city ______ about ten years.
4. 短暂性动词怎样和表示一段时间的状语连用。
英语中的短暂性动词，也叫做终止性动词、瞬间动词或非延续性动词，只表示一时的动作，不能与表示延续的时
间状语连用。常见的短暂性动词有：go, come, leave, find, buy, arrive, give, stop, join, marry, die, begin, start, borrow, close, open, lend等。
eg. I have bought this book for three months. (×)
非延续性动词与一段时间连用时可采用下列三种方法：
（1）将非延续性动词转化为延续性动词。
leave- be away from close- be closed
join- be in begin/start- be on (电影开始)
buy- have go- be there
die- be dead finish- be over
borrow- keep join – be in
open- be open come back- be back
（2）时间状语的变化：把表时间的状语“for…”变为“数词+ 时间名词+ago”的短语形式。（即：将时间状语改为过去时间，并用一般过去时代替现在完成时）
如：他离开济南三年了。
He has left Ji’nan for three years. ( )
He has been away from Ji’nan for three years.
He left Ji’nan three years ago.
例如：
1) They borrowed it last week. They __________it since _____________.
2) I bought a pen two hours ago. I ____________a pen for _____________.
5. have been to/ have gone to/ have been in 三种结构的区别
（1）have been to 曾经去过某地(现已离开)，可以与ever, never, once, twice等连用。
（2）has gone to 去某地了，现在还未回来。此句型一般用于第三人称。
（3）have been in 表示已在某地呆了多久，若该地为小地方则用at。句末常有for + 一段时间或since + 时间点
翻译：
你以前去过北京吗？___________________________
吉姆已经去了伦敦。___________________________
格林一家在中国已经两年了。_____________________
6. 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：
(1) 侧重点不同：现在完成时是与现在有关的时态，属现在时态范畴，它侧重于过去的动作对现在造成的影响。
而一般过去时是一种过去时态，侧重于表示过去的动作，与现在无关。如：
Yesterday I went to the zoo. (仅说明昨天去了动物园，与现在无关)
Li Lei has read the book. (说明李磊了解那本书的内容)
（2）连用的时间状语不同：一般过去时常与ago, yesterday, last…, in 2000, just now等连用。而现在完成时与already, yet, stil l, just, so far, in the last/ past…, before, ever, never, since…, for…等时间状语连用。
现在完成时练习
【基础巩固】
一、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. I____ already ____ (see) the film. I ________ (see) it last week.
2. _____ he ____ (finish) his work today? Not yet.
3. My father ____ just ____ (come) back from work. He is tired now.
4. Where’s Li Ming ? He __________ (go) to the teacher’s office.
5. I __________ (work) here since I ______ (move) here in 1999.
6. So far I _______________(make) quite a few friends here.
7. How long ________ the Wangs ______________(stay) here ? For two weeks.
8. I ________ just ___________ (finish) my homework.
9. He ________ (go) to school on foot every day.
10.____ you ______ (find) your science book yet?
11. If it ____ (be) fine tomorrow, I'll go with you.
12. The students ____________ (read) English when the teacher came in.
13. Look! The monkey __________ (climb) the tree.
14. My mother __________ (come) to see me next Sunday.
15. I've lost my pen. _________ you ________ (see) it anywhere?
二、句型转换
1. I have been to Macau before. (改为否定句)
I been to Macau before.
2. He hasn't come to school because he's ill. (就划线部分提问)
he come to school?
3. He has learned English for 5 years. (就划线部分提问)
learned English?
4. I bought a new bike just now. (用just改写)
I just a new bike.
5. We began to learn English three years ago. (改为同义句)
We English three years.
【能力提升】
I. 用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1 Have you ever ____________(take) a train?
2 She’s _____________ (live) here ever since she was ten.
3 Have you _____(make)friends with your new classmates yet?
4 I _______(have) my lunch and I'm not hungry now.
5 Jim has never seen a panda, _____he?
6 We ___________(be) good friends since we met at school.
7 We can't find him anywhere. Perhaps(也许) he___________(go) home.
8 He ____________(read) the book before.
9 Mr. Green ___________(teach) us a lot about social studies since September.
10 I _______never_________ (meet) her sister before.
II. 用for 或since填空。
1. Jill has been inBeijing Monday.
2. Jill has been in Beijing three days.
3. My aunt has lived in Australia 15 days.
4. Margaret is in her office. She has been there 7 o'clock.
5. India has been an independent country 1974.
6. The bus is late. We've been waiting 20 minutes.
7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty many years. III. 用括号中动词的适当形式填空：
1．he （wait）for an hour yet？
2．I （not finish）the work yet．
3．you （know）him since then？
4．I （hear）from my father recently．
5．We （be）there many times during the past three years．
6．How long you （stay）at home？
7．She （not read）the book before．
8．I just （do）it．
9．My sister （walk）to school every day last year．
10．Her mother （go）to Shanghai．She （leave）this morning．IV.选择填空
（）1、Where is Miss Gao? She _________ to Shanghai .
Ａ. came Ｂ. has been Ｃ.has gone Ｄ. Comes
（）2.John _____to the space museum three _______.
A.have been, time
B. have been, times
C. has been , time
D. has been, times
（）3、Have you met Mr Li ______？
Ａ. Just Ｂ. ago Ｃ.before Ｄ. a moment ago
（）4、Her grandfather ______ for two years.
A. died
B. has died
C. has been dead
D. has been died
（）5、It's six weeks ______ I met you last time.
A. when
B. since
C. before
D. for
（）6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years .
Ａ. was ; studying Ｂ. will ; study Ｃ. has ; studied Ｄ. are ; studying （）7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .
Ａ. know Ｂ. had known Ｃ. have known Ｄ. knew
（）8、Harry Potter is a very nice film . I_______ it twice .
Ａ. will see Ｂ. have seen Ｃ. saw Ｄ.see
（）9、--These farmers have been to the United States . --Really ? When ____ there ?
Ａ. will they go Ｂ. did they go Ｃ. do they go Ｄ. have they gone （）10、--____ you ever ____ to the US? -- Yes, twice.
A. Have, gone
B. Have, been C, Do, go D. were, going
V句型转换
1、They have bought a computer.(改成否定句)
They ______ _________ bought a computer.
2. He has lost his book. (改成一般疑问句,作肯定与否定回答)
_________he __________his book? Yes, he________. No, he ____________.
3. Miss Gao has been for two years (对划线部分提问)
_______ _______ _______Miss Gao been a teacher?
4. They have been here since 2000. (对划线部分提问)
_______ __________________they been here?
5. His father has been to America twice. (对划线部分提问)
_______ ________ _________has his father been to America?
6. The old man died last year. (同义句转换)
The old man _______ ______ ________ for a year.
7. Lucy moved to France two years ago. (同义句转换)
_______ two years _______ Lucy moved to France.
8．The teachers bought the Englsih books two days ago. (改为现在完成时) The teachers _________ ________the English books _______ two days.
外研版英语中考英语过去完成时专题(含答案) 一、初中英语过去完成时 1．Seeing Danel went into the classroom with tears in his eyes, I asked him what . A. happened B. had happened C. would happen D. was happened 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：看着丹尼尔哭着跑进教室，我问他发生了什么。根据动词asked 一般过去时可知，动词happen的动作发生在asked之前，表示过去的过去，用过去完成时had+过去分词。故选B。 【点评】本题考查过去完成时，注意掌握过去完成时的结构had+过去分词。 2．Simon ________ the piano for ages when he gave his first concert. A. has played B. is playing C. had played D. will play 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：西蒙举行第一次音乐会时，他已经弹了很多年钢琴了。根据时间状语when he gave his first concert.可知此处用过去的时态，表示先弹钢琴弹了很多年，然后开了音乐会，表示过去的过去，应该用过去完成时：had+动词的过去分词，故答案为C。 【点评】考查过去完成时。掌握过去完成时的意义（过去的过去）和构成：had+动词的过去分词。 3．By the end of last month, Jane _____ enough money for the poor sick boy. A. raised B. would raise C. had raised D. has raised 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：在上个月末，珍已经为贫穷的生病的孩子筹集到了足够的钱。根据By the end of last month，可知句子的时态为过去完成时，C是过去完成时结构，故答案是C。 【点评】考查过去完成时，注意过去完成的时的判定方法。 4．By the end of 2012, many buildings built in our city. A. have been B. have C. had been D. will 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：到2012年底，我们的城市里已经建成了很多大楼。Buildings是build这一动作的承受者，该用被动语态。而被动语态是由“be + 及物动词的过去分词”构成。根据By the end of 2012可知该用过去完成时，所以选C。 5．Yesterday when I _______ to the station, the train ______ already. A. got, had left B. got, has left C. had got, left D. got, left
现在完成时 一、现在完成时构成 构成：现在完成时由助动词have + 过去分词构成，助动词have 有人称和数的变化。第三人称单数用has，其余用have. 现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。以study 为例，其否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下： 1、现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。 My daughter has just gone out. 我女儿刚出去。 I’m sure we’ve met before. 我肯定我们以前见过面。 She has arrived. 她到了。 2、表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如recently, already, just, lately, for…, since…,yet等。如： I haven’t heard from her these days. 这些日子我没有收到她的信。 We haven’t seen you recently. 最近我们没有见到你。 They have been away for two years. 他们离开已经两年了。 She has been with us since Monday.
①for+时段 ②since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从……以来） ③since+时段+ago ④since+从句（过去时） ⑤It is+时段+since+从句（过去时） Mary has been ill?for three days. I have lived here?since 1998. 注意： since和for的区别 since后接时间点，如1993，last term, yesterday, the time I got there for后接一段时间，表示“长达多久”，如ten years, a while, two days等。3、表示短暂意义的动词如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等，在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。因此，不能说： He has come here for 2 weeks. × The old man has died for 4 months. × They have left only for 5 minutes. × 4、has gone (to),has been (to), has been (in)?的区别 Have/Has gone(to) :去了(现在不在说话现场，可能在路上和已经到) Where is your father?He has gone to Shanghai. Have/Has been (to) :去过（已不在去过的地方） My father has been to Shanghai. Have/has been in：呆了多久（还在所呆的地方） My father has been in Shanghai?for two months. /since two months ago. 5、现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last year, in 1976, two days ago, just now, when I came in，但可以和already, yet, sometimes, always, often, before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever, never等连用。不能与when连用。
（英语）现在完成时练习全集 一、单项选择现在完成时 1．We two thirds of the project so far and we’re sure to complete it on time. A．finish B．will finish C．have finished D．finished 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查时态。句意：到目前为止，我们已经完成了三分之二的项目，我们一定会按时完成。根据句中时间状语so far可知用现在完成时。故选C。 【点睛】 本题考查现在完成时，现在完成时是“过去的动作或状态持续到现在并且已经完成”。判断现在完成时的标志词有already , ever , never , yet , just , before, still , lately ,since , for a long time ,up to now, until, so far, in the last few years/weeks/mouths , till now, recently等，考生在平时学习英语过程中要多注意积累。本题只要抓住句中时间状语so far（到目前为止）就可以判断出用现在完成时。 2．It is the fourth time that Tom ______ in the maths exams. A．failed B．has failed C．had failed D．have failed 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查固定句式中的时态。固定句式：It is/was the+序数词+that 从句；句意：这是某人第几次做某事的时候了。如果前面是is，后面使用现在完成时；如果前面是was，后面使用过去完成时。本题前面是is，故使用现在完成时，主语是第三人称单数，故Ｂ正确。句意：这是这个星期里他第四次打电话给你了。 【点睛】 固定句式：It is/was the+序数词+that 从句；句意：这是某人第几次做某事的时候了。如果前面是is，后面使用现在完成时；如果前面是was，后面使用过去完成时。（1）It is the first time that I have come to the Great Wall. 这是我第一次到长城去。（2）It was the first time that he had visited the Great Wall.那是他第一次参观长城。 3．The Reform and Opening-up, having passed its brilliant age of 40 years ,____the backward
中考英语现在完成时真题汇编(含答案)及解析 一、初中英语现在完成时 1．— Hobo and Eddie the cinema to watch the film Zootopia. — Oh, that's why I can't find them now. A. have gone to B. have been to C. has gone to D. has been to 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】考查主谓一致。句意：——侯博和埃迪去了电影院看电影《疯狂动物城》。——哦，这就是为什么我现在找不到他们的原因。have gone to去了；been to去过。Hobo and Eddie作主语，谓语动词要用复数形式。所以选A。 2．—What great progress Huawei ________ in recent years! —No wonder it is widely known in all parts of the world. A. is making B. has made C. makes D. made 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——华为近几年取得了多大的进步啊！——难怪它在世界的每个角落都出名。根据时间状语in recent years，近几年，可知动作从过去持续到现在，时态为现在完成时have/has+过去分词，故选B。 【点评】考查现在完成时。注意掌握现在完成时的结构have/has+过去分词。 3．My father ____ in a panda protection center for 10 years, so he knows a lot about panda. A. was working B. is working C. has worked D. will work 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：我父亲在熊猫保护中心工作了10年，所以他对熊猫很了解。由句中的语句for 10 years 提示可知，此句要用现在完成时，主语my father，助动词要用has，故选C。 【点评】考查现在完成时的基本结构及用法，注意根据句子的时间状语判断时态。 4．I scared of dogs ever since a dog hurt me when I was five years old. A. will be B. was C. have been D. would be 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】由since引导的从句可知主句应用现在完成时，故答案为C。句意是：自从我五岁时被狗伤过之后我就一直怕狗。 【点评】本题考查现在完成时的用法。
现在完成时讲解和练习 I.定义： 1.表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 2.也可以表示过去已经开始，一直延续到现在的动作或状态 II. 注意：表示短暂时间动作的词，如:come，go，die，marry，buy等的完成时不能与for，since等表示一段时间的词连用。用来持续的动作或状态或表过去重复的动作，如live，study，be，wait等，常和since（自从）或for（经历）引导的词语连用。 如：I have lived here for more than thirty years.我已在此住了30多年。 III.现在完成时的时间状语 1.ever, never, twice（once…）, so far（到目前为止）, by now, up to now, up to the present , already（肯定句）, yet（否定，疑问句）, just(刚刚), before（以前）, recently（近来）等词连用 2.Since+时间点，since+从句(since he came here), for+时间段，in the past/last few years 表示短暂时间动作的词，如:come，go，die，marry，buy等的完成时不能与for，since等表示一段时间的词连用。用来持续的动作或状态或表过去重复的动作，如live，study，be，wait等，常和since（自从）或for（经历）引导的词语连用。 说明：already与yet都有“已经”的意思，但already常用于肯定句，并用于句中。yet常用于否定句和疑问句，并用于句末。例如： I have already finished my homework. I haven’t finished my homework yet. Have you finished your homework yet? They have left. (他们已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里) I have had my lunch. (我已经吃过午饭了,也就是说我现在不饿) I can’t find my watch now. I t hink I have already lost it. 注意：1)现在完成时不能单独与过去的时间状语连用, 如yesterday, last week, three years ago 等; 2)不能与when连用 IV.现在完成时的用法 A．表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调对现在造成的影想或结果）。例如： The car has arrived.车子来了。（结果：车子已在门口） Someone has broken the window.有人把窗户打破了。（结果：窗户仍破着） B. 表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括“现在”在内）的一段时间的状语连用,如for+时间段、since+过去的时间点、疑问词how long等。例如：My uncle has worked at this factory for five years. 我叔叔在这个工厂工作已经五年了。 Mr. Black has lived in China since 2002. 自从2002年Mr. Black 一直住在中国。 How long have you been here? 你来这里多久了？ 用相应的延续性动词替换短暂性动词，句中谓语动词用现在完成时，时间状语为“for＋时间段”或“since＋时 间点”。如： He has been in the Green China for three years. He has been a member of the Green China for three years. 他加入“绿色中国”已经三年了。 The old man died 4 years ago.---- The old man has been dead for 4 years. He joined the Party 2 years ago.---- He has been in the Party for 2 years. I bought the book 5 days ago.---- I have had the book for 5 days. V.现在完成时态与一般过去时态的区别 1一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。 I saw this film yesterday.（强调动作发生的时间是yesterday 。）
英语现在完成时 现在完成时表示到说话时为止（或到现在为止）已经发生或完成了（不一定结束）的动作或状态。过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在并且有可能还会持续的动作或状态。 a. 现在完成时的句型 ①肯定句：主语+has/have+动词的过去分词+宾语（或者其他） ②否定句：主语+haven’t/hasn’t+动词的过去分词+宾语 ③一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+宾语（或者其他）.（末尾用问号） b. 现在完成时的用法 1) 表示影响 该用法的现在完成时表示一个过去发生的动作在过去已经完成，并且这个过去发生并完成的动作对现在有影响或结果，同时说话者强调的或感兴趣的就是这个影响或结果，如汉语说”他已离开这个城市了”，其中的”离开”肯定发生了，它对现在的影响或结果就是”他现在已不在这个城市了”；又如汉语说”有人把窗户打破了”，显然”打破窗户”这一动作发生在过去，并且在过去已经完成了，但说话人强调的重点是打破窗户对现在的影响–窗户现在仍是破的。如： He has been away from the city.他已离开这个城市。(结果：他不在这个城市。) Someone has broken the window.有人把窗户打破了。(结果：窗户仍破着。) I have lost my pen.我把钢笔丢了。(结果：我现在无钢笔用。) He has finished his work.他把工作做完了。（结果：他现在可以做其他的事了。） 2) 表示持续 该用法的现在完成时表示一个过去发生的动作或开始的状态在过去并未完成或结束，而是一直持续到现在，并且有可能继续下去(也可能到此结束)，如汉语说”他在我们学校教书已有30年了”，显然”他在我们学校教书”是从30年前开始，并且一直教到现在，已经持续了30年；又如汉语说”自上个星期以来他一直很忙”，显然”忙”是从上个星期开始的，并且这一”忙”就一直忙到现在。如： He has taught in our school for 30 years.他在我们学校教书已有30年了。 He has been busy since last week.自上个星期以来他一直很忙。 He has worked for us ever since he left school.他离开学校以后就一直为我们工作。 3) 表示重复 即表示从过去某个时间直到现在的这个时间范围内不断重复发生的动作或情况，并且这个不断重复的动作有可能继续下去，也有可能到现在就结束。如：
中考英语现在完成时试题和答案 一、初中英语现在完成时 1．Little Tom his home for more than ten years. A. leaves B. left from C. will leave D. has been away from 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：小汤姆离开家已经十年了。由句中“for more than ten years”可知. 句中的谓语动词需使用延续性动词。leave对应的延续性动词为be away。 【点评】考查现在完成时。 2．—The drama series The Thunder （破冰行动） hits screens these days. —Oh. What a pity! I ____________ any of them yet, A. doesn't watch B. didn't watch C. won't watch D. haven't watched 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：——连续剧《破冰行动》这些天正在霸屏。——哦。真遗憾！我任何一集也没有看过。根据Oh. What a pity!可知我没有看过。过去的动作对现在造成的影响和 yet也，常和现在完成时的否定结构连用，可知此处用现在完成时。故选D。 【点评】此题考查现在完成时。注意yet常和现在完成时连用。 3．—How long can I _________ this book? —Five days. But you must return it on time. A. borrow B. lend C. keep D. kept 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意：——我能保留这本书多长时间？——五天。但是你一定要按时归还它。A,borrow借，瞬间性动词；B, lend接，是瞬间性动词；C,keep保留，是延续性动词；D,kept是过去式。此处与how long连用，故此处用延续性动词，位于情态动词can之后，故用动词原形keep，故选C。 【点评】本题考查延续性动词。以及borrow，lend，keep，kept四个词的词义和用法。 4．— Mary, I remember you several years ago. — Yes, I for 3 years. A. married, have married B. married, married C. married, have been married D. have married, have been married 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：——Mary，我记得几年前你结婚了。——是的，我已经结婚三年了。ago表明时态是一般过去时，所以用过去式married。排除D。for+时间段用现在完成时，并且用延续性动词，现在完成时的结构是have/has+动词过去分词，排除B。marry是非延续性动词，其延续性动词是be married，be的过去分词是been，故选C。
过去完成时语法精讲 一、过去完成时的概念与结构特点 概念：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去（past-in-the-past ）”。 ----|-------------------------- |-------------------------------|----------------------------> 那时以前那时现在 构成：过去完成时由“助动词had + 过去分词”构成，其中had 通用于各种人称。 They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel. # She had finished writing the composition by 10 ：00 this morning. 二、过去完成时的判断依据 1. 由时间状语来判定 一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有： （ 1 ）by + 过去的时间点。如： I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night. （ 2 ）by the end of + 过去的时间点。如： We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term. （3 ）before + 过去的时间点。如： 】 They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday. 2. 由“过去的过去”来判定。 过去完成时表示“过去的过去”，是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在： （ 1 ）宾语从句中 当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。如： She said that she had seen the film before. （ 2 ）状语从句中 在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的，要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。如： ] When I got to the station, the train had already left. After he had finished his homework, he went to bed. 注意：before, after 引导的时间状语从句中，由于before 和after 本身已表达了动作的先后关系，若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连，则主、从句都用一般过去时。如：Where did you study before you came here After he closed the door, he left the classroom. （ 3 ）表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示"原本…，未能…" We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 3. 根据上、下文来判定。 【 I met Wang Tao in the street yesterday. We hadn't seen each other since he went to Beijing.
现在完成时 1、现在完成时的构成： 现在完成时是由“助动词have/has+动词过去分词”构成的。 。 ①助动词have/has可以与主语缩写为’ve/’ｓ e.g. I have → I’ve We have → We’ve He has → He’s It has → It’ｓ ②规则变化的过去分词与动词过去式一样。 ③不规则变化的动词过去分词见表。 2、现在完成时的基本句型。 ①陈述句肯定形式。 e.g. I have had lunch. 我已经吃过午饭了。 He has gone to Beijing. 他去北京了。 ②陈述句否定形式。(在助动词have/has后+not，可缩写为haven’t/hasn’t) 我还未吃午饭。 e.g. I haven’t had lunch. He hasn’t gone to Beijing. 他还没有去北京。 ③一般疑问句形式及其答语。(将助动词have/has提前，答语一般用have, has回答) e.g. Have you had lunch? 你吃过午饭了没? Yes, I have. No, I haven’t. Has he gone to Beijing? 他去过北京了没有? Yes, he has. No, he hasn’t. 否定回答还可以用：No, not yet. / No, never. / No, not even once等。 ④特殊疑问句形式。(疑问词+一般疑问句) e.g. Where has he gone? 他去了哪里? 3、现在完成时的三个基本用法。 (1) 现在完成时的第一个基本用法表示过去发生或已完成的某一个动作对现在造成的 影响或结果。 你吃过午饭没?有，吃过了，我刚刚 e.g. Have you had lunch? Yes, I have. I’ve just had it. 吃的。(影响及结果：我现在饱了，不需要了) He has gone to Beijing. 他已经去北京了。(影响及结果：他人现在不在这里了) 该用法常already(已经), never(从不), ever(曾经), yet(仍然), just(刚刚), before(以前)等副词(作状语)连用。 ① already, just, ever, never常用于助动词之后，实义动词之前。already, just多用于肯定陈述句。 e.g. She has already finished her work. 她早已干完了活。 不，我已经看过了。(already Would you like to go to see the film? No, I’ve seen it already. 偶尔会出现于句末)
（英语）英语现在完成时提高训练 一、初中英语现在完成时 1．This museum here for over 80 years. It one of the oldest buildings in this city. A. is; was B. had been; is C. was; has been D. has been; is 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】考查动词的时态。句意：博物馆在这儿有八十多年了。它是这座城市最古老的建筑之一。前句表示从过去一直延续到现在的状态，用现在完成时态；后句表示的是现在的状态，用一般现在时态。故选D。 2．The volunteers ________ a lot of help to the old and the young since 2010． A. offered B. have offered C. are offering D. will offer 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】考查时态．句意"自2010以来，志愿者们向老人和青年提供了大量的帮助．"．A过去时．B现在完成时态．C现在进行时态．D一般将来时态．since+点时间通常用于现在完成时态，结构是have/has+动词的过去分词，主语是volunteers复数，用助动词have．offer的过去分词是offered．答案是B． 3．My father ____ in a panda protection center for 10 years, so he knows a lot about panda. A. was working B. is working C. has worked D. will work 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：我父亲在熊猫保护中心工作了10年，所以他对熊猫很了解。由句中的语句for 10 years 提示可知，此句要用现在完成时，主语my father，助动词要用has，故选C。 【点评】考查现在完成时的基本结构及用法，注意根据句子的时间状语判断时态。 4．—The drama series The Thunder （破冰行动） hits screens these days. —Oh. What a pity! I ____________ any of them yet, A. doesn't watch B. didn't watch C. won't watch D. haven't watched 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：——连续剧《破冰行动》这些天正在霸屏。——哦。真遗憾！我任何一集也没有看过。根据Oh. What a pity!可知我没有看过。过去的动作对现在造成的影响和 yet也，常和现在完成时的否定结构连用，可知此处用现在完成时。故选D。 【点评】此题考查现在完成时。注意yet常和现在完成时连用。
一、过去完成时的概念与结构特点 概念：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去（past-in-the-past ）”。 ----|-------------------------- |-------------------------------|----------------------------> 那时以前那时现在 构成：过去完成时由“助动词had + 过去分词”构成，其中had 通用于各种人称。 They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel. She had finished writing the composition by 10 ：00 this morning. 二、过去完成时的判断依据 1. 由时间状语来判定 一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有： （ 1 ）by + 过去的时间点。如： I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night. （ 2 ）by the end of + 过去的时间点。如： We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term. （3 ）before + 过去的时间点。如： They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday. 2. 由“过去的过去”来判定。 过去完成时表示“过去的过去”，是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在： （ 1 ）宾语从句中 当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。如： She said that she had seen the film before.
人教版英语英语现在完成时用法总结含答案推荐精选 一、初中英语现在完成时 1．—Where is Catherine? I haven't seen her for days. —She Wuhan. She'll be back next week. A. has gone to B. has been to C. have gone to D. have been to 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：——Catherine在哪里？我好几天没见她。——她已经去武汉了。她将下周回来。主语是she，所以用has，排除C、D。A.已经去了某地，在去的路上，还没有回来；B.已经去过某地，表示去了某地，并且回来了。根据She'll be back next week.她下周回来可知现在还没有回来，故选A。 【点评】考查短语辨析，注意平时识记其区别，理解句意。 2．Mike used to be a top student, but he behind since he lost himself in computer games. A. fell B. has fallen C. was D. has been 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意为“Mike过去是尖子生，但自从迷上电子游戏以来成绩落后了”。由since可知but后的主句用现在完成时，瞬间动词fall不能和since引导的时间状语从句连用，故用延续性动词be。故选D。 【点评】本题考查现在完成时中非延续性动词和延续性动词的转换。 3．The Greens many places of interest since two years ago. A. has visited B. have visited C. visited D. will visit 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:自两年前开始，格林一家参观了许多名胜。since引出的时间状语从句，强调主句谓语从过去某时一直延续到现在，主句用现在完成时态，the Greens格林一家，表示复数含义，作主语，谓语用复数形式。故选B。 4．—Your new bike is so nice! When did you buy it? —In July. I _____it for two weeks. A. had B. have had C. have bought D. bought 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——你的新自行车那么好看。你什么时候买的。——七月份，我买了两周了。根据for two weeks，可知句子时态为现在完成时，而且谓语动词必须是延续性的。因此排除AD，buy是结束性动词，不能够延续，应此排除，故答案是B。
中考英语现在完成时真题汇编(含答案) 一、初中英语现在完成时 1．My sister English since she was 9 years old. She can talk to foreigners freely. A. learns B. learnt C. has learnt D. have learnt 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意：我的妹妹自从九岁就开始学英语，她能够和外国人自由交谈。A,learns 学习，一般现在时，B，learnt 一般过去时C has learnt现在完成时Dhave learnt现在完成时，根据since可知句子是现在完成时，结构为have/has+过去分词，句子主语是My sister，第三人称单数，使用has，故选C 【点评】本题考查现在完成时，注意since是现在完成时的标志词之一。 2．I ________ an invitation to the concert. I can't wait to go. A. receive B. will receive C. was receiving D. have received 【答案】D 【解析】【分析】句意：我已经收到音乐会的邀请，我等不及要去了。由句意得知我已经收到去音乐会的邀请函，动作已完成造成的影响是我等不及要去，要用现在完成时，故答案选D。 【点评】考查动词时态。根据题目所给语境推断出应使用的时态。 3．—What great progress Huawei ________ in recent years! —No wonder it is widely known in all parts of the world. A. is making B. has made C. makes D. made 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——华为近几年取得了多大的进步啊！——难怪它在世界的每个角落都出名。根据时间状语in recent years，近几年，可知动作从过去持续到现在，时态为现在完成时have/has+过去分词，故选B。 【点评】考查现在完成时。注意掌握现在完成时的结构have/has+过去分词。 4．—Do you still play basketball? —Oh, no. I ____ it for the past two years. A. haven't played B. didn't play C. won't play D. hadn't played 【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意：——你还打篮球吗？——哦，不了。我已经有两年没有打过了。根据句中的for the last two years可知应与完成时态连用，又有时间是the last two years可知是从现在往前两年，因此应使用现在完成时态，故选A。 【点评】考查动词时态中的for+段时间与完成时态连用，根据时间确定是现在完成还是过去完成。 5．All the skirts .They very well.
初中英语时态专题八：过去完成时（Word版） 过去完成时 一、过去完成时的概念过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生 或完成了的动作，即 “过去的过去”。 二、过去完成时的构成 过去完成时由“助动词had + 过去分词”构成，其中had 通用于各种人称。 eg.1 When I got to school, the bell had rung. eg.2 By the time I got home ,my little brother had gone to bed. eg.3 By the time I got outside, the bus had already left. 三、过去完成时的用法 用法1：过去完成时动词表示过去某一时间或某一动作之前完成的动作或状态。强调过去某一动作发生在另一动作之前时。 1.他说他以前见过你。 He said that he (see) you before. 2.我出去的时候,公共汽车已经开走了。 By the time I got outside, the bus （leave）. 用法2：过去完成时动词可以表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或呈现的状态，这一动作一直持续或将继续下去。常和for, since 构成的时间状语连用。 1. 到了六点钟为止，他们已经工作了八小时了。 By six o'clock they (work)for eight hours. 2. 我到广州时，他在那里很长时间了。 When I came to GangZhou , he (be) there for a long time. 用法3. 过去完成时和already, just, ever, yet 等连用表示过去的过去。 1. 他告诉我说他们队已经赢了。 He told me that his team already (win). 2. 她说她仍没去过长城。 She said that she (not be to) the Great Wall yet. 用法4. 在含有定语从句的主从复合句中，如果叙述的是过去的事，先发生的动作常用过去完成时。 例如：I returned the book that I had borrowed.
现在完成时练习题及答案详解 单项选择。 1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _________what's happened to him. A. knew B. have known C. must know D.will know 2、He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ? A. already B.never C.ever D. still 3、Have you met Mr Li ______? A. just B. ago C.before D. a moment ago 4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past twoyear . A. is writing B.was writing C.wrote D.has written 5、—Our country ______ a lot so far .
—Yes . I hope it will be even ______ . A. has changed ; well B. changed ;good C. has changed ; better D. changed ;better 6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years . A. was ; studying B. will ; study C. has ;studied D. are ; studying 7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl . A.know B. had known C.have known D. knew 8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice . A. will see B. have seen C. saw D.see 9、—These farmers have been to the United States . —Really ? When _____ there ? A. will they go B. did they go C. do they go D. have they gone 10、—______ you ___ your homework yet ?