阅读表达
一．阅读理解（共13小题）
1．（2020?天津）I remember the day shyness took over my life．I was 14 and having a French lesson．The teacher told us to record ourselves speaking about a holiday．Perfect! I recorded myself with confidence．Then，I pressed "play" to listen back．All I heard was a little kid talking．My immediate reaction was to assume I was listening to someone else's recording．But that was my voice．I realised there was something strange about me．
My little voice has made me feel really shy．And my shyness has caused me to avoid attending events，not make important connections，and keep my ideas to myself．As a shy person，working from home，hiding behind my computer was brilliant．But the more time I spent hidden away，the more my comfort zone shrank（缩小）．Everyday interactions，like ordering a coffee，became increasingly awkward and uncomfortable．
And then，one day I was at a big conference and it suddenly hit me like lightning．All speakers were
confident，comfortable with being seen．There were no quieter voices．But the trouble is，if the loud voices are the only ones you hear，we quiet people feel even more alienated（疏远的）．The world needs a mixture of personalities．Success is not just about who can shout the loudest．The world needs quieter people，too．That day I chose to stop hiding and embrace my shyness．No more feeling like I needed to change who I am in order to succeed．No more living a small life．
Then I created the Shy and Mighty Society，a space for shy people like me to shine，and in the process of helping others，I could also push myself forward，bit by bit．Now，I'm happy to tell people I feel shy．I'm not ashamed any more．And I know that I'm not alone．
（1）Why did the author feel strange about herself after listening to the recording？（no more than 10 words）（2）What is the main idea of Para．2？（no more than 10 words）
（3）What does the underlined word in Para．3 mean？（1 word）
（4）Why did the author create the Shy and Mighty Society？（no more than 10 words）
（5）Suppose you are in charge of the Shy and Mighty Society，what will you do to help other shy people？ And why？（no more than 20 words）
2．（2020?天津）As any younger brother will tell you，having a big brother involves a lot of walking in someone else's shadow，especially when you have a brother who is a typical example of "cool"．For years I wanted to do
everything my elder brother Tyson did，but no matter how hard I tried，I was always the neglected （被忽略的）one．My legs just weren't made to run like his．I could never play football or basketball well．
I probably would have continued trying to keep up with him for the rest of my high school career，but when my
family moved，everything changed．Tyson left for college，so I had to start at a new school all by myself．This new start gave me an opportunity to redefine myself and discover an entirely new version of "cool"．
I don't know what made me decide to try some new activities at the new school，but one day I chanced to show
up for an after﹣school meeting of the Science Olympiad team．I had always been fascinated with chemistry，biology，and math，but since those interests hadn't fit．Tyson's definition of "cool"，I had never pursued
them．On this day，for some reason，I did．
As we organized teams，prepared resources and practiced answering questions，I felt more connected than I ever had to any sports team．I didn't feel as though I needed to keep up with anybody else；I was finally with peers who understood me．It was so good to feel accepted for what I'm good at．For the first time in my life，I actually felt cool．Now I know who I am！I'm Tyson's little brother，but that's only part of my identity．I'm a cool guy in my own way，too．I'm relieved to know that "cool" has a much broader definition than what I used to think．
（1）How do you understand the underlined part in Paragraph 1？（no more than 8 words）
（2）What changes offered a new start to the author after his family moved？（no more than 15 words）
（3）According to Paragraph 3，what marked the turning point in the author's growth？（no more than 7 words）（4）What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about？（no more than 10 words）
（5）What is your example of "cool"？Please explain why．（no more than 20 words）
3．（2019?天津）Haze Mabry， who has worked as a school keeper for thirteen years， walks into the school building every day and empties garbage cans， wipes down bathrooms and mops wet messes in the hallways．
Last Friday， after he arrived at the school， instead of finding garbage to clean up， he found almost 800 students lining the hallways with handmade cards， blowing noisemakers and singing a full﹣throated happy birthday to him． It was his 80th． As he walked the long hallway， some popped out of line to hug him． They handed him so many cards that they filled several large boxes． Touched by their enthusiastic expression of affection， Mabry thanked them all． "They're like my children，" Mabry said．
On a regular day， students at the school sometimes come up to him to say they're not feeling well or other times to tell him about something that happened at break． He knows most of the kids at the school， but can't name each
one． Some of them make him know them． Like Faith， who often forgets her backpack in the cafeteria， and Lucy， who just wants a hug．
"He won't brag （夸耀）on himself， but it doesn't matter what he's doing or where he is， he will always stop what he's doing to take care of a child if that child is having a bad day． If a child approaches him， he will pause to give that child his undivided attention． He's the most loved one in this building，"said Lori Gilreatli， a reading teacher．
Mabry works circles around all the students， cleaning up messes others don't want to touch． He doesn't expect
a lot． Mabry said he hadn't planned to do much for his milestone birthday，so he was happy the students had
prepared the surprise celebration．
Over the weekend， he worked through the piles of handmade cards at his house． One card from a student stood out to him． It read： "Mr． Haze，you are my sunshine．"
（1）What is Mabry's daily work as a school keeper？（no more than 5 words）
（2）How did the students celebrate Mabry's birthday？（no more than 15 words）
（3）What does the underlined word in Paragraph 2 probably mean？（1 word）
（4）Why is Mabry's presence at the school important？（no more than 10 words）
（5）Who is the "sunshine" in your life？ Please explain．（no more than 20 words）
4．（2018?天津）Some people live to climb the highest mountains． Some people live only dreaming about it while others live to avoid ever climbing at all． But one thing is certain， all people encounter mountains in their life．
When I was a little girl， my family moved to a tiny town at the bottom of a big mountain． One day after school， while exploring the green woods of this magnificent mountain， I almost fell on a set of stairs． What could these steps lead to？ Curiosity got the best of me as I knew it would be starting to get dark soon． I started climbing up those strangely mysterious steps．
I climbed and climbed． There was nothing but just green bushes and these steps． I had to reach the top! But it
was now getting real dark． If I kept going I might not be able to see my way back． My mum would be worried sick if I didn't come home soon． So I ran back home almost in the dark while trying not to get too scared．
Anxiously I went to bed dreaming about what I would find at the top of this magical mountain． Could there be a castle up there？ Maybe I would find a monster（怪物）．Maybe I was taking the risk of never coming back
home． Or， maybe all I would find was absolutely nothing! But something inside me was going to climb that mountain at all cost． I could hardly wait to try this adventure again．
Now we live in a world surrounded by the "can't do" attitudes． We all fall down． We all have doubts and regrets． Still we must climb and dream about what's at the top of our mountain． Monsters may appear or the night will fall． But never ever give up on your dream! Never let anyone tell you， "You can't．" Dream big and climb high！
（1）What made the author start to climb up the stairs to the mountain top？（no more than 5 words）
（2）Why did the author hurry back home without reaching the top of the mountain？ Give two reasons．（no more than 15 words）
（3）How would you describe the author in terms of personalities according to Paragraph 4？（no more than 10 words）
（4）How do you understand the underlined sentence in the last paragraph？（no more than 5 words）
（5）What's your attitude towards the"mountain"in your life？Please explain．（no more than 20 words）
5．（2016?上海）Walking will be banned on escalators as part of a trail designed to reduce congestion（拥堵） at some of the country's busiest stations．
In the first move of its kind，all travelers will be forced to stand on both sides of escalators on the London
Underground as part of a plan to increase capacity（容量） at the height of the rush hour．
A six﹣month trial will be introduced at Holborn station from mid﹣April，eliminating the rule of standing on the
right and walking on the left．The move，imitating a similar structure in Far Eastern cities such as Hong Kong，is designed to increase the number of people using long escalators at the busiest times．it could be expanded across the Tube network in coming years．
According to London Underground，only 40percent of travelers walk the full length of long escalators，leaving the majority at the bottom as they wait to get on to the"standing"side．
A three﹣week trial at Holborn last year found that the number of people using escalators at any one time of could
be raised by almost a third．Peter McNaught，operations director at London Underground，said："It may not seem right that you can go quicker by standing still，but our experiments at Holborn have proved that it can be
true．This new six﹣month trial will help us find out if we can influence customers to stand on both sides in the long term．"
Holborn has one of the longest sets of escalators on the Underground network at 23.4high．Tube bosses claim that capacity was limited because so few people wanted to walk up﹣meaning only one side was used at all
times．Research has shown that it is more effective use of escalators over 18.5to ban walking．
The previous trial found that escalators at the station normally carried 2，500people between 8：30am and 9：30am on a typical day，rising to 3，250during the researching period．
In the new trial，which will be launched from April 18，one of three"up"escalators will be standing only，with a second banning walking at peak times．A third will remain a mix of walking and standing．
（Note：Answering the questions the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN
WORDS．）
78．What is the existing problem with standing on the right and walking on the left？
79．What did last year's three﹣week trial at Holborn station prove？
80．The research suggests that walking should be forbidden on escalators that are at least in height．
81．In the new trail，in addition to one escalator banning walking in rush hours，the other"up"escalators will be used for．
6．（2016?天津）I'm a 34﹣year﹣old man，married，lived in a nice house，and have a successful career as an educational consultant．But my life was not always so great．I had a learning disability from an early age．I went to a special school where I got plenty of extra help．Still，I suffered the rest of my school days in public schools．
My life improved remarkably when I discovered art．The art world gave me a chance to express myself without words．I went to a workshop and gradually got good at making things with clay（黏土）．Here I learned my first important lesson：disabled as I was in language．I could still be smart and well express myself with clay．And my confidence came along．
I got my next lesson from rock climbing．It was a fun thing but I was scared from the start．I soon noticed it
wasn't a talent thing； it was practice．So I did it more．After about five years of climbing，I found myself in Yosemite Valley on a big wall．I learned that if you fall in love with something and do it all the time，you will get better at it．
Later I decided to apply my previous experience to learning how to read and write．Every day I practiced reading and writing，which I used to avoid as much as possible．After two hard years，I was literate．
Having gone through the long process with art，rock climbing，and reading and writing，now I've got to a point in my life where I know I am smart enough to dive into an area that is totally unknown，hard，but interesting．
56．What made the author's school days difficult？（No more than 5words）
57．Why did art give the author confidence？（No more than 10words）
58．What lesson did the author learn from rock climbing？（No more than 15words）
59．What is the meaning of the underlined part in Paragraph 4？（No more than 5words）
60．How does the author's story inspire you to overcome difficulties in life？Put it in your own words．（No more than 20words）．
7．（2014?上海）More and more corporations are taking an interest in corporate social responsibility （CSR）．CSR is made up of three broad layers．The most basic is traditional corporate charity
work．Companies typically spend about 1% of pre﹣tax profits on worthy projects．But many feel that simply writing cheques to charities is no longer enough．In some companies，shareholders want to know that their money is being put to good use，and employees want to be actively involved in good works．
Money alone is not the answer when companies come under attack for their behavior．Hence the second layer of CSR，which is a branch of risk management．Starting in the 1980s，with environmental disasters such as the explosion at Bhopal and the Exxon Valdez oil spill，industry after industry has suffered blows to its reputation．
So，companies often responded by trying to manage the risks．They talk to non﹣governmental organisations （NGOs） and to governments，create codes of conduct（行为准则） and devote themselves to more
transparency（透明）in their operations．Increasingly，too．they，along with their competitors，set common rules to spread risks．
All this is largely defensive，but there are also opportunities for those that get ahead of the game．The emphasis on opportunity is the third layer of CSR：the idea that it can help to create value．If approached in a strategic way，CSR could become part of a company's competitive advantage．That is just the sort of thing chief executives like to hear．The idea of"doing well by doing good"has become popular．
Nevertheless，the business of trying to be good is bringing difficult questions to executives．Can you measure CSR performance？Should you be cooperating with NGOs and you're your competitors？Is there any really competitive advantage to be had from a green strategy？
Corporate social responsibility is now seen as a mainstream．Big companies want to tell the world about their good citizenship with their devotion to social responsibilities．Done badly，CSR is often just window﹣dressing and can be positively harmful．Done well，though，it is not some separate activity that companies do on the side，a corner of corporate life reserved for virtue（美德）：it is just good business．
（Note：Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS）
78．Both in some companies find it no longer enough to simply donate money to charities．
79．Give one example of the defensive measures of risk management according to the passage．
80．With the emphasis on opportunity，the third layer of CSR is meant to．
81．According to the passage，"good business"（paragraph 6）means that corporations while making profits．
8．（2014?天津）Last December，Doris Low turned 90．Once a week she still drives to the Canadian National Institute for the Blind （CNIB） in Toronto，where she helps transform literature into Braille （CNIB） to bring the power of story and knowledge to the hears and minds of blind readers．She has been volunteering her time and talents to such enterprises foe more than 40years．
After working in the business world for a while，Low got fed up．So she turned to teaching at a technical school and later moved into the library．
Low's mother liked reading．As her eyes began to fail，low read to her．Then"hearing an advertisement encouraging people to learn Braille，I decided to give it a try．"In 1973，she was certified as a braille transcriber （转译者） and began transcribing books as a volunteer for the CNIB library．
The job was strenuous﹣﹣﹣she could get to the end of a page，make a mistake on the last line，and have to do the whole thing again．For a number of years，low also worked in the CNIB sound studio reading books onto tape．Three years ago，she took up proofreading （校对） at the CNIB's word factory．
In April，during Volunteer Week，the CNIB recognized Low for her great contributions．Thanks to volunteers like Low，the CNIB library has got more than 80，000 accessible materials for people unable to read traditional print．"I can't imagine how many readers of all ages have benefited from
Doris's contribution as a skilled volunteer through her rich voice and her high degree of accuracy in the hundreds of books she has brailled and proofread over the years﹣﹣﹣and she is still doing so，"said a CNIB official．
"For me，"said Low，"the CNIB is more than just a place to volunteer．Three thins matter most in my life：a little play，a little work，a little love． I've found them all here．"
56．What does Low still do at the age of 90 at the CNIB？（ no more than 10 words）
57．why did Low learn Braille？（ no more than 15 words）
58．what does the underlined word"strenuous"most probably mean？（1 word）
59．What are Low's contributions to the CNIB？（ no more than 10 words）
60．What do you think of Low？Give your reasons．（ no more than 20 words）
9．（2014?四川）When my father was celebrating a milestone （里程碑） birthday，I pulled together a surprise gift that he would never forget．
As he was approaching 60，I had a fim idea：What if I could get the memories people had of him，put each one into an envelope﹣60 in total﹣and have him open them，one by one，on his birthday？So I wrote an e﹣mail to family and friends，explaining my idea．
I sent the e﹣mail and waited．And then the replies started coming in and I was very，very surprised．There
were so many memories，and they were all so lovely．They came from the '50s，'60s，'70s，from every decade （十年） between now and the day my dad was born．They came from my mother，my siblings，my grandma，my dad's friends from high school，his sister，my dad's first boss，a colleague at his first job，from people who hadn't seen my dad in 40 years，from people I myself hadn't even informed．They typed them and handwrote them．They mailed them and e﹣mailed them．
The night before Dad's birthday，my sister and I stayed up late，putting everything together with some
The next morning，after breakfast and presents and cake，we gave the pile of envelopes to him．"Just one more thing for you，"we said．
It took him a long time to open them and read．Each one was a brief ticket to another time，a leap （跳跃）backward over years and decades．There was a lot of laughter and a few tears，too．
I was kind of sad when the project was over because it was great fun to collect these memories．It gave me a
different picture of my dad．
56．When did the author give her father a surprise gift？（no more than 4 words）
57．Who sent the mails？（no more than 6 words）
58．Why did the author and her sister stay up late the night before their father's birthday？（no more than 9 words）
59．How did the author's father most probably feel when he read （he mails？（no more than 3 words）
60．What was the surprise gift？（no more than 6 words）
10．（2013?山东）[1]Jean Paul Getty was born in 1892 in Minneapolis，Minnesota．He became a millionaire when he was only 24．His father was wealthy，but he did not help his son．Getty made his millions alone．He made his money from oil．He owned Getty Oil and over 100 other companies．The Fortune magazine once called Getty"the richest man in the world．"
[2]But money ．He married five times and divorced five times．He had five children but spent little time
with them．None of Getty's children had very happy lives．
[3]Getty loved to make money and loved to save it． In spite of his great wealth，Getty was miser．Every
evening，he wrote down every cent he spent that day．He even put pay telephone in the guest's bedrooms in his house so he could save money on phone bills．
[4]In 1973，kidnappers took his 16﹣year﹣old grandson，and demanded a large amount of money for his safe
return．Getty's son asked his father for money to save his child．But Getty refused．The kidnappers were
merciless and Getty's son made repeated requests for help from his father．Finally，Getty agreed to lend the money，but at 4 percent interest．
[5]Getty started a museum at his home Malibu，California．He bought many important and beautiful pieces of art
for the museum．When Getty died in 1976，the value of the collection in the museum was $1 billion．He left all his money to the museum．After his death，the museum grew in size．Today it is one of the most important museums in the United States．Getty made a large fortune in his life，but he gave his money to the art world because he wanted people to learn about and love art．
76．What is the main idea of Paragraph 1？（no more than 8 words）
77．Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words．（no more than 7 words）
78．Explain the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3．
79．What did the kidnappers do to Getty's family （no more than 10 words）
80．What does the author want to tell us about Getty in the last paragraph？（no more than 10 words）
．
11．（2013?江西）[1]Fishing is probably the world's most popular sport．People spend many dollars each year on items like boats and four﹣wheel﹣drive vehicles．In addition，they spend money on fishing equipment，bait，fuel and boat repairs．And you can see that fishing can be an expensive pastime．Fishing lovers believe that their hobby is worth it．Others say that fishing is spoiling the environment and that it is a cruel hobby．
[2]Supporters of fishing say that it is a nice hobby．Firstly，of the millions of people who fish for fun，most only
catch enough fish to feed their families．They catch fish that are found in large numbers，so there is little danger to the species （种类）．
[3]Secondly，recreational fishermen contribute to the economy．They spend money on equipment and other
items，and they also spend it indirectly by paying taxes on their equipment and fuel．Those who travel to fishing spots pay for accommodation （食宿） and airfares．This money keeps people in work and provides new jobs each year．
[4]Thirdly，fishing is relaxing and fun so it lessens stress．Instead of turning to drugs or alcohol，it is far better to
go fishing．People who are relaxed are generally healthier and much nicer to be near﹣﹣﹣except for the smell of the bait!
[5]Those who say that there are too many fish thoughtlessly taken form rivers，lakes，streams and
oceans．This could lead to the dying out of some species．Modern cars and boats mean that people can fish in remote areas of the world，so no place is safe from greedy fishermen who take both males and females，leaving few fish to produce young．
[6]Those against fishing also say that it is a blood sport，which means that an animal must die so that a human can
have fun．Many of the fish caught for sport are not suitable for eating，so they are thrown away．Once hooked，fish have no chance of escape．
76．What is the main idea of the passage？（no more than 4 words）．
77．According to Paragraph 2，why does fishing cause little danger to the species？（no more than 8
words）．
78．List 4 items on which people spend their money for fishing．（no more than 7 words）
79．Fill in the blank in Paragraph 5 with proper words．
Those who say that there are too many fish thoughtlessly taken form rivers，lakes，streams and oceans．80．What does the word"which"（Line 1，Paragraph 6）probably refer to？（no more than 3 words）．
12．（2013?上海）A study of more than five million books，both fiction and non﹣fiction，has found a marked decline in the use of emotional words over time．The researchers form the University of Bristol used Google Ngram Viewer，a facility for finding the frequency of terms in scanned books，to search for more than 600 particular words identified as representing anger，dislike，fear，joy，sadness and surprise．
They found that almost all of the categories （类别） showed a drop in these"mood words"over time．Only in the category of fear was there an increase in usage．
"It is a steady and continuous decrease，"said Dr Alberto Acerbi．He assumed that the result might be explained by a change in the position occupied by literature，in a crowded media landscape．"One thing could be that in parallel to books the 20th century saw the start of other media．Maybe these media﹣movies，radio，drama﹣had more emotional content than books．"
Although both joy and sadness followed the general downwards trend，the research，published in the journal PLOS One，found that they also exhibited another interesting behaviour：the ratio （比率） between the two varied greatly，apparently mirroring historical events．
During the Roaring Twenties the joy﹣to﹣sadness ratio reached a peak that would not occur again until before the recent financial crash．But the ratio plunged at the height of the Second World War．Nevertheless，the
researchers held a reserved opinion about their claim that their result reflected wider social trends．In the paper，they even argue that the reverse could be true．
"It has been suggested，for example，that it was the suppression （压抑） of desire in ordinary Elizabethan English life that increased demand for writing‘filled with romance and sex'…perhaps，"they conclude，"songs and books may not reflect the real population any more than catwalk models reflect the average body．"
（Note：Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS．）
81．A study of more than five million books indicated a decline in"mood words"over time except．
82．According to Dr Alberto Acerbi，one reason for the drop of"mood words"in books may be that．
83．What were the two periods when the joy﹣to﹣sadness ratio was at its highest？．
84．While the researchers found some changes in the use of"mood words"in books，they were
not sure that．
13．（2012?上海）While contact between adolescents （between the ages of fifteen and nineteen） and their peers （同龄人） is a universal characteristic of all cultures，the nature and the degree of such contact vary a great deal．In American contemporary society，adolescents spend much more time with their peers than with younger children or adults．
This pattern of age segregation（隔离） in American society did not become usual until the beginning of the industrialized society．Changes in the workplace separated children from adults，with adults working and children attending school．The dramatic increase of mothers in the workplace has further contributed to the reduction in the amount of time adolescents spend with adults．School reform efforts during the nineteenth century，which resulted in age﹣segregated schools and grades，have reduced the amount of time adolescents spend with younger
children．Finally，the changes in population are considered a factor that may have contributed to the emergence of adolescent peer culture．From 1955 to 1975，the adolescent population increased dramatically，from 11 percent to 20.9 percent．This increase in the number of adolescents might be a contributing factor to the increase in adolescent peer culture in terms of growth in size．
Research supports the view that adolescents spend a great deal of time with their peers．Reed Larson and his colleagues examined adolescents'daily activities and found that they spend more time talking to their friends than engaging in any other activity．In a typical week，high school students will spend twice as much time with their peers as with adults．This gradual withdrawal from adults begins in early adolescence．In sixth grade，adults （excluding parents） account for only 25 percent of adolescent social networks．Another important characteristic of adolescent peer culture is its increasingly autonomous （自治的） function．While childhood peer groups are conducted under the close supervision of parents，adolescent peer groups typically make an effort to escape adult supervision and usually succeed in doing so．
（Note：Answer t．he quesnons or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS．）
81．"This pattern of age segregation"refers to the phenomenon that adolescents segregate themselves from
82．Besides changes in the workplace，are the other two factors contributing to adolescent peer culture．
83．When do adolescents start to spend less time with adults？
84．How do adolescent peer groups differ from childhood peer groups？．
二．解答题（共2小题）
14．（2017?天津）In the years of my growing up，Dad was strict with me．He made sure I made my bed and did my homework．He would call in advance to make sure there was no alcohol at the party．I got so angry with him for laying down the law．I would scream，"I hate you!"Dad would yell back，"Good!I don't care!"Deep down I knew he did．
One time at a party，I drank too much alcohol and got so sick．I said，"Call my dad．"Next thing，Dad was carrying me to the car．I woke up the next morning，thinking I would definitely be criticised．As expected，I got
a roasting，but I now understand why I need discipline．
Dad was 29 when he got his big roles in films．I had an early start at the age of nine with a role in a 1990s TV series，but it wasn't until I finished film studies that I pursued my career as an actress．Like those early days for Dad，I faced lots of rejections．Working in such a competitive industry，I've sometimes thought，"I can't do this any more．"
Once，after a trip to Hollywood，I returned to Australia so depressed and spent months in my bedroom painting，listening to Eckhart Tolle's music and trying to find myself again．Dad sat me down and said，"Alice，I know it's hard，but it's all about persistence（坚持不懈）．"
Now I get to work with Dad a lot，which I love．We both passionate about acting，which comes from us being so interested in people．If it weren't for Dad，I wouldn't be where I am today．He's my biggest fan，and when you have that in your life you can go a long way．
56．What rules did Alice's father set for her when she was growing up？（no more than 15 words）
57．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 mean？（no more than 5 words）
58．What did Alice's father do when she felt depressed？（no more than 5 words）
59．According to the last paragraph，what do Alice and her father have in common？（no more than 10 words）60．What do you think of Alice's father？Please explain．（no more than 20 words）．
15．（2013?天津）My name is Clara．I still remember that chilly December day，sitting in science class．I'd finished a worksheet early and picked up a TIME for Kids magazine．A piece of news caught my eye：NASA was holding an essay contest to name its Mars rover（火星探测器）．Before I even knew anything else about it，a single word flooded my 11﹣year﹣old mind，Curiosity．
I couldn't want for the bell to ring so I could get started on my essay．That afternoon，I raced home，sat down at
the computer，and typed until my fingers ached．"Curiosity is an everlasting flame that burns in everyone's mind…"
Five months later，my mom received a phone call，and immediately，a wide smile spread across her face．
On August 5，2012，at 10：31 p．m，the rover named Curiosity touched down safely on the surface of Mars，and I was honored to have a front﹣row seat in NASA．
Curiosity is such an important part of who I am．I have always been fascinated by the stars，the planets，the sky and the universe．I remember as a little girl，my grandmother and I would sit together in the backyard for
hours．She'd tell me stories and point out the stars，Grandma lived in China，thousands of miles away from my home in Kansas，but the stars kept us together even when we were apart．They were always there，yet there was so much I didn't know about them．That's what I love so much about space．
People often ask me why we go to faraway places like Mares．My answer is simple because we're curious．We human beings do not just hole up in one place．We are constantly wondering and trying to find out what's over the hill and beyond the horizon．
56．How did Clara get the new about the essay contest？（ no more than 10 words）
57．Why did Clara have a front﹣row seat in NASA？（ no more than 10 words）
58．What does Clara remember about the time spent with Grandma？（ no more than 15 words）
59．What does the underlined phrase"hole up"mean？（1 word）
60．In your opinion，why is curiosity important？（ no more than 20 words）
阅读表达
参考答案与试题解析
一．阅读理解（共13小题）
1．（2020?天津）I remember the day shyness took over my life．I was 14 and having a French lesson．The teacher told us to record ourselves speaking about a holiday．Perfect! I recorded myself with confidence．Then，I pressed "play" to listen back．All I heard was a little kid talking．My immediate reaction was to assume I was listening to someone else's recording．But that was my voice．I realised there was something strange about me．
My little voice has made me feel really shy．And my shyness has caused me to avoid attending events，not make important connections，and keep my ideas to myself．As a shy person，working from home，hiding behind my computer was brilliant．But the more time I spent hidden away，the more my comfort zone shrank（缩小）．Everyday interactions，like ordering a coffee，became increasingly awkward and uncomfortable．
And then，one day I was at a big conference and it suddenly hit me like lightning．All speakers were
confident，comfortable with being seen．There were no quieter voices．But the trouble is，if the loud voices are the only ones you hear，we quiet people feel even more alienated（疏远的）．The world needs a mixture of personalities．Success is not just about who can shout the loudest．The world needs quieter people，too．That day I chose to stop hiding and embrace my shyness．No more feeling like I needed to change who I am in order to succeed．No more living a small life．
Then I created the Shy and Mighty Society，a space for shy people like me to shine，and in the process of helping others，I could also push myself forward，bit by bit．Now，I'm happy to tell people I feel shy．I'm not ashamed any more．And I know that I'm not alone．
（1）Why did the author feel strange about herself after listening to the recording？（no more than 10 words）Because her voice was different from whatshe had expected．
Or：Because all she heard was a little kidtalking．
Or：Becauseof her little voice．
（2）What is the main idea of Para．2？（no more than 10 words）Hershyness had a/an（bad）
influence/effect/impact on her（life）．Or：Her shyness kept her hidden away．Or：Hershyness kept her away from other people．
（3）What does the underlined word in Para．3 mean？（1 word）Accept．Or：Welcome．
（4）Why did the author create the Shy and Mighty Society？（no more than 10 words）Tohelp shy people （to shine）and push herself forward．Or：To help other shypeople and herself．．
（5）Suppose you are in charge of the Shy and Mighty Society，what will you do to help other shy people？ And why？（no more than 20 words）I will organize a speech contest so thatthey can walk out of their comfort zone and become more confident．
Or：I will share my experience with them，telling themhow I handle my shyness．
Or：Iwill encourage them to take part in various activities to improve their socialskills．
【分析】本文是记叙文．作者是一个害羞的人，害羞使作者不敢参加活动并把自己封闭起来．后来作者接受了自己的害羞并创建了Shy and Mighty Society，给像自己一样害羞的人发光的空间，共同提高．
【解答】（1）Because her voice was different from what she had expected．
Or：Because all she heard was a little kidtalking．
Or：Because of her little voice．细节理解题．根据第一段Ipressed "play"to listen back． All I heard was a little kid talking．Myimmediate reaction was to assume I was listening to someone else's recordingBut that was my voice．I realised there was something strange about me．我按下"播放"键来听，奇怪地听到一个小孩在说话．我的立刻的反应是以为我在听别人的录音，但那是我的声音，我意识到我有点奇怪．由此可知作者感到奇怪是因为自己的声音小，或听到一个小孩在说话，或是感觉听到的不是自己期望的．故答案为：Because her voice was different from what she had expected．
Or：Because all she heard was a little kidtalking．
Or：Because of her little voice．
（2）Her shyness had a/an（bad）influence/effect/impact on her（life）．Or：Hershyness kept her hidden away．Or：Her shyness kept her away from other people．段落大意题．根据第二段Mylittle voice has made me feel really shy．And my shyness has caused me to avoidattending events，not make important connections，and keep my ideas tomyself．和But the more time I spent hidden away，the more my comfortzone shrank（缩小）．可知我的声音小使作者害羞，害羞使我不参加活动，不和别人交流．我越隐藏自己，舒适区就越小．这些都说明了害羞使作者隐藏，远离了别人，给作者带来了坏影响．故答案为：Her shyness had a/an （bad）influence/effect/impact on her（life）．Or：Her shynesskept her hidden away．Or：Her shyness kept her away from other people．
（3）Accept．Or：Welcome．词义猜测题．上句提到The world needs a mixture of personalities．Success is not just aboutwho can shout the loudest．The world needs quieter people，too．这个世界需要不同的个性．成
功不只是谁喊得声最大．世界也需要更安静的人．根据That day I chose to stop hiding可知作者选择不再躲藏，接受自己的害羞．embrace原意是"拥抱"，此处指"接受，迎接"，故答案为：Accept．Or：Welcome．
（4）To help shy people（to shine）and push herself forward．Or：To help other shy people and herself．．细节理解题．根据最后一段ThenI created the Shy and Mighty Society，a space for shypeople like me to shine and in the process of helping others，I could alsopush myself forward，bit by bit我创建Shy and Mighty Society是为了给像自己一样害羞的人发光的空间，在帮助别人的过程中，也可以推动自己一点点前进．故答案为：To help shy people（to shine）and push herself forward．Or：To help other shy people and herself．
（5）I will organize a speech contest so that they can walk out of theircomfort zone and become more confident．
Or：I will share my experience with them，telling themhow I handle my shyness．
Or：I will encourage them to take part invarious activities to improve their social skills．推理判断题．作者创建Shyand Mighty Society是为了给像自己一样害羞的人发光的空间，所以作为这个组织的负责人应该是组织活动或分享克服害羞的经验，用多种形式鼓励他人战胜害羞、增加自信、提高社交技能．故答案可以是：I will organize a speech contest so that they can walk out of theircomfort zone and become more confident．
Or：I will share my experience with them，telling themhow I handle my shyness．
Or：I will encourage them to take part invarious activities to improve their social skills．
【点评】①阅读表达即根据短文内容回答问题，是阅读理解的一个重要题型．此题为5个问题，一般比较简单，多数为细节理解题，答案能在原文中找到出处；也有开放性题目，往往需要概括文章主旨大意．
②阅读表达题往往从不同的角度命题，既考查学生的阅读理解能力，也考查他们的英语表达能力和概括能
力，另外，对回答的拼写、语法的正确性的也有较高的要求．
2．（2020?天津）As any younger brother will tell you，having a big brother involves a lot of walking in someone else's shadow，especially when you have a brother who is a typical example of "cool"．For years I wanted to do everything my elder brother Tyson did，but no matter how hard I tried，I was always the neglected （被忽略的）one．My legs just weren't made to run like his．I could never play football or basketball well．
I probably would have continued trying to keep up with him for the rest of my high school career，but when my
family moved，everything changed．Tyson left for college，so I had to start at a new school all by myself．This new start gave me an opportunity to redefine myself and discover an entirely new version of "cool"．
I don't know what made me decide to try some new activities at the new school，but one day I chanced to show
up for an after﹣school meeting of the Science Olympiad team．I had always been fascinated with chemistry，biology，and math，but since those interests hadn't fit．Tyson's definition of "cool"，I had never pursued them．On this day，for some reason，I did．
As we organized teams，prepared resources and practiced answering questions，I felt more connected than I ever had to any sports team．I didn't feel as though I needed to keep up with anybody else；I was finally with peers who understood me．It was so good to feel accepted for what I'm good at．For the first time in my life，I actually felt cool．Now I know who I am！I'm Tyson's little brother，but that's only part of my identity．I'm a cool guy in my own way，too．I'm relieved to know that "cool" has a much broader definition than what I used to think．
（1）How do you understand the underlined part in Paragraph 1？（no more than 8 words）Receiving less attention than someone else．
Or： Being/Feeling less successful than someone else．
Or： Being/Feeling neglected．
（2）What changes offered a new start to the author after his family moved？（no more than 15 words）That his brother left for college and he changed schools．
Or： Tyson's leaving for college and the author's going to/attending a new school．
（3）According to Paragraph 3，what marked the turning point in the author's growth？（no more than 7 words）Joining the Science Olympiad team．
Or： That he joined the Science Olympiad team．
Or： Discovering his true interests （in science）．
（4）What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about？（no more than 10 words）（How） the author discovered a broader definition of "cool"．
Or： He has discovered his own way to be cool．
Or： He found his own identity．
（5）What is your example of "cool"？Please explain why．（no more than 20 words）Playing football well is cool because I can show how strong I am．
Or： Playing the piano is cool because it can give me joy．
Or： Helping the poor is cool because it can give them hope and bring me pleasure．
【分析】这是一篇记叙文．文章主要讲述了作者一直活在哥哥泰森的阴影下，他的哥哥很酷，所以他总是被忽略．但当哥哥离开去上大学，他独自开始学校生活时，通过加入学校的Science Olympiad，他找到了真正的自己，也按自己的理解重新定义了"酷"．
【解答】（1）Receiving less attention than someone else．
Or： Being/Feeling less successful than someone else．
Or： Being/Feeling neglected．词义猜测题．根据第一段的As any younger brother will tell you，having a big brother involves a lot of walking in someone else's shadow，especially when you have a brother who is a typical example of"cool"．For years I wanted to do everything my elder brother Tyson did，but no matter how hard I tried，I was always the neglected one．就像任何一个弟弟会告诉你的那样，有一个大哥哥意味着走在别人的影子里，尤其是当你有一个很"酷"的哥哥时．多年以来，我想做我的哥哥泰森做的一切，但是无论我怎么努力，我总是被忽略的一个．根据句意，尤其是Iwas always the neglected one可推测，划线部分的意思是"得不到关注/被忽略"．故填：Receiving less attention than someone else．Or：Being/Feeling less successful than someone else．Or：Being/Feeling neglected．
（2）That his brother left for college and he changed schools．
Or： Tyson's leaving for college and the author's going to/attending a new school．细节理解题．根据第二段的but when my family moved，everything changed．Tyson left for college，so I had to start at a new school all by myself．（但当我们搬家时，一切都改变了．泰森去上大学了，所以我不得不独自在一个新的学校开始可知，搬家后，作者的哥哥去上大学以及作者独自开始新学校的生活给了作者他新的开始．故填：That his brother left for college and he changed schools．Or：Tyson's leaving for college and the author's going
to/attending a new school．
（3）Joining the Science Olympiad team．
Or： That he joined the Science Olympiad team．
Or： Discovering his true interests （in science）．细节理解题．根据第三段的I had always been fascinated with chemistry，biology，and math，but since those interests hadn't fit Tyson's definition of"cool"，I had never pursued them．On this day，for some reason，I did．（我一直对化学、生物和数学着迷，但因为这些兴趣不符合泰森对"酷"的定义，所以我从来没有追求过．这一天，出于某种原因，我参加了）可知，参加Science Olympiad队是作者成长的转折点，因为他选择不再做哥哥的"影子"．故填：Joining the Science Olympiad team．Or：That he joined the Science Olympiad team．Or：Discovering his true interests（in science）．
（4）（How） the author discovered a broader definition of "cool"．
Or： He has discovered his own way to be cool．
Or： He found his own identity．段落大意题．根据本段的主要内容，尤其是Now Iknow who l am！I'm Tyson's little brother，but that's only part of my identity．I'm a cool guy in my own way，too．I'm relieved to know that"cool"has a much broader definition than what I used to think．现在我知道我是谁了！我是泰森的弟
弟，但那只是我身份的一部分．按照我自的方式，我也是个很酷的人．知道酷的定义比我以前认为的要宽泛得多，我感到很欣）可知，本段主要讲述了作者找到了自己的身份以及自己对酷的定义．故填：
（How）the author discovered a broader definition of"cool"．Or：He has discovered his own way to be
cool．Or：He found his own identity．
（5）Playing football well is cool because I can show how strong I am．
Or： Playing the piano is cool because it can give me joy．
Or： Helping the poor is cool because it can give them hope and bring me pleasure．开放性题目．只要回答出自己认为什么很酷，以及原因即可．故可填：Playing football well is cool because I can show how strong
Iam．Or：Playing the piano is cool because it can give me joy．Or：Helping the poor is cool because it can give them hope and bring me pleasure．
【点评】①阅读表达即根据短文内容回答问题，是阅读理解的一个重要题型．此题为5个问题，一般比较简单，多数为细节理解题，答案能在原文中找到出处；也有开放性题目，往往需要概括文章主旨大意．
②阅读表达题往往从不同的角度命题，既考查学生的阅读理解能力，也考查他们的英语表达能力和概括能
力，另外，对回答的拼写、语法的正确性的也有较高的要求．
3．（2019?天津）Haze Mabry， who has worked as a school keeper for thirteen years， walks into the school building every day and empties garbage cans， wipes down bathrooms and mops wet messes in the hallways．
Last Friday， after he arrived at the school， instead of finding garbage to clean up， he found almost 800 students lining the hallways with handmade cards， blowing noisemakers and singing a full﹣throated happy birthday to him． It was his 80th． As he walked the long hallway， some popped out of line to hug him． They handed him so many cards that they filled several large boxes． Touched by their enthusiastic expression of affection， Mabry thanked them all． "They're like my children，" Mabry said．
On a regular day， students at the school sometimes come up to him to say they're not feeling well or other times to tell him about something that happened at break． He knows most of the kids at the school， but can't name each one． Some of them make him know them． Like Faith， who often forgets her backpack in the cafeteria， and Lucy， who just wants a hug．
"He won't brag （夸耀）on himself， but it doesn't matter what he's doing or where he is， he will always stop what he's doing to take care of a child if that child is having a bad day． If a child approaches him， he will pause to give that child his undivided attention． He's the most loved one in this building，"said Lori Gilreatli， a reading teacher．
小希老师给同学们总结了2018高考英语真题所有阅读理解的A篇，适合高中各个年级的学生练习及备考使用。 【全国Ⅰ卷】 A Washington, . Bicycle Tours Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, . Duration: 3 hours This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, . Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability – and the cherry blossoms – disappear! Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour Duration: 3 hours (4 miles) Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, . Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, . Duration: 3 hours Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for . newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, . in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route (路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour
历年高考语文作文题目大全 以下是为大家整理的关于历年高考语文作文题目大全的文章，希望大家能够喜欢!４.阅读下面的文字,根据要求写一篇不少于800字的作文。年仅６岁的四川女童赵慧平,在得知自己患了重病，家里又无钱医治后，竟悄悄留下“遗书”,希望把自己视为“财产”的布娃娃，留给班主任袁老师。赵慧平在3月10日给爸爸妈妈写了一封１01个字的“信”,“我知道自己生了白血病……我家住在农村,没有太多的钱来治病，爷爷奶奶还xu要你们来照gu如果我的病治不好，请将我的布娃娃送给我的班主任——袁老师。”隔壁病床的病友刘女士说,她曾目睹小惠平亲手写下这封信。此事经过四川和重庆两地媒体报道之后，立即在全国引发热议,各地网友纷纷留言表示捐款意向,希望媒体能够公布捐款账号。要求选准角度，明确立意,自选文体，自拟标题;不要脱离材料内容及含义的范围作文，不要套作，不得抄袭。5.阅读下面的文字，写一篇不少于80０字的作文。玫瑰花枯萎了,蜜蜂仍然拼命吮吸，因为它以前从这朵花上吮吸过甜蜜。但是，现在这朵花上，蜜蜂吮吸的是毒汁。蜜蜂知道这一点,因为毒汁苦涩,与以前的味道有天壤之别。于是,蜜蜂愤愤不平，它吸一口就抬起头来向整个世界抱怨，为什么味道变了？！终于有一天，不知什么原因，蜜蜂振动翅膀，飞高了一点。此时，它发现，枯萎的玫瑰花周围,处处是鲜花。要求选准角度,明确立意,自选文体，自拟标题;不要脱离材料内容及含义的范围作文, 不要套作,不得抄袭。阅读下列文字，根据要求作文。生活中，一些平凡的“小人物”却又不平凡,他们铸就了一个个大写的“人”,赢得了成千上万人的敬重。这些“小人物”带给我们的感动,以及从他们身上反映出来的千千万万普通中国人的美德，让我们看到了满目光明。可是,也有些“小人物”,让我们感受到的则是不幸、失落、怜悯,甚至是丑陋、痛苦和悲哀。对此,你一定会有所感悟,有所思考。请以“小人物”为题写一篇不少于800字的文章。[要求]①角度自选;②立意自定；③除诗歌外，文体自选。7湖南雅礼中学2012届高三考试题阅读下面的文字,根据要求作文。（60分) 人不能拽着自己的头发离开地球。这句话实在是耳熟能详了,就不知你有怎样的解读，或者从中获得怎样的启示,请结合你的个人体验或生活实际,写一篇80０字以上的记叙文或议论文。角度自选，题目自拟。8.广东中山一中第一学期高三年级第二次统测阅读下面的材料，根据要求作文。有位书法家对一位用废报纸练字的人说:“如果你用的纸来写，你可能会写得更好。”那人很奇怪地问原因,书法家笑而不答,只写了一个“逼”字,那人顿悟，这是让他惜纸逼自己写好字。还有这样一则谚语:“如果你想翻墙,请先把帽子扔过去。”因为你的帽子在那边，你已经别无选择,要想方设法地翻过去。正是有了逼迫，才会尽力发挥自己的潜能。在很多人的眼里,“逼”字不是一个好字眼,但不少人的成功却是实实在在被“逼”出来的。关于“逼”，你有什么感受和认识?请以“逼”为题目，写一篇文章,立意自定,文体不限,不少于800字。９.湖北省八校2012届高三第一次联考请以“心结”为题写一篇作文。要求:①立意自定;②文体自选:③字数不少于800字。1０．湖南师大附中2０12届高三第四次月考阅读《长得太偏,必须挖掉》的图画材料,写一篇不少于800字的议论文。（60分）要求:选准角度,拟好标题,不要脱离材料内容及含意的范围作文,不要套作、抄袭。１１．衡水中学２０11-2０12学年度高三年级第四次调研考试永远面对阳光,阴影自然会抛在后面。————惠特曼请准确理解名句内容,联系自己的生活和感受，写一篇不少于8０0字的文章。要求:①立意自定；②除诗歌外，文体不限;③不要套作，不得抄袭。12.广州市201２届高三年级调研测试阅读下面的材料，根据要求写一篇不少于8００字的文章。（６0分) “扫把姐”真名叫张秀芳，是北京市一名普通的环卫工人。工作之余，乐观的“扫把姐”钟情于自己手中的扫把,希望能扫出自己的新生活。每次干完活之后,“扫把姐”就会来一段“扫把舞”。久而久之,“扫把姐”手中的扫把就像是被施了魔法，有了灵性。不曾想，“扫把姐”的炫舞英姿竟被人偷录下来放到了网上。超高的点击率让“扫把姐”一夜之间成了网络红人;“扫把舞”也开始蹿红网络和电视。要求选准角度，明确立意，自选文体,自拟标题；不要脱离材料内容及含义的范围作文,不要套作，不得抄袭。1３.江苏省南京市四校20１2届高三月考CCTV－2“第一时间·天气预报”栏目有一句耐人寻味的广告语:“分享阳光,分担风雨。”你能从中获得怎样的感
高考英语阅读理解真题汇编及答案解析（11） 摘要：阅读理解题的“三步法”：1．略读。目的是了解短文的主旨大意和便于迅速掌握短文的语篇结构。2．查读。同学们要先通读题干，做到胸中有数；再将短文读第一遍，锁定某些特定信息进行快速阅读，迅速选出最佳答案；先易后难，先做细节题，后做推论题。3．重读短文重点。核查。同学们做题的关键是看清题目的要求，读准的关键是分清句子的结构和确认词性词义。 When Andrea Peterson landed her first teaching job,she faced the daunting task of creating a music program with almost no money for equipment or supplies in a climate where standards-based learning was the focus and music just provided a break for students and teachers. For her drive and creativity in overcoming those challenges,she’s been named national teacher of the year. Principal Waynes Kettler said he’s worked with many outstanding teachers in his22years as an educator,but Peterson is“just that one step above anybody I’ve ever worked with before.” Kettler and others at Monte Cristo Elementary School talk about the ways she has introduced the learning from other classrooms into her music program and her creativity in working around things such as the lack of money for new music. When students were reading S.E.Hinton’s novel The Outsiders in their regular classroom, Peterson helped them write a30-minute play with scenes from the book.Then they chose three Broadway tunes that focused no race,equality and social justice,the themes of the book.Peterson composed two other songs herself after classroom discussions about the play and the book. The honor means a lot to residents of Granite Foils.It’s inspiring to know that people from small towns own even win national honors. As national teacher of the year,Peterson will spend the next year outside the classroom, as a national and international spokeswoman for education. Not surprisingly,She is a big believe in the value of arts education.She said it’s essential for schools to offer classes such as art or music and physical education because for some kids one of those subjects is the only thing that motivates them to come back to school day after day. 65.The underlined word“daunting”in Paragraph1most probably means__________. A. discouraging B.interesting C.creative D.unbearable
2017年高考语文备考：历年语文真题阅读理解及答案 (15) 阅读下面的文章，完成16-19题。 罗曼·罗兰 徐志摩 ①罗曼·罗兰，这个美丽的音乐的名字，究竟代表些什么? ②他是一个音乐的天才，在幼年音乐便是他的生命。他妈妈教他琴，在谐音的波动中他的童心便发现了不可言喻的快乐。莫扎特与贝多芬是他最早发现的英雄。所以在法国经受普鲁士入侵而产生烈的爱国主义的时候，这位年轻的圣人正在“敌人”的作品中尝味的艺术。他的自传里写着：“我们家里有好多旧的德国音乐书。德国?我懂得那个词的意义?在我们这一带我相信从没有人见过德国人。我翻着那一堆旧书，爬在琴上拼出一个个的音符，这些流动的乐音灌溉着我的童心。莫扎特与贝多芬的快乐与苦痛，想望的幻梦，渐渐的变成了我的肉的肉，我的骨的骨。我是它们，它们是我。要没有它们我怎过得了我的日子?我小时生病危殆的时候，莫扎特的一个调子就像爱人似的贴近我的枕衾看着我。长大的时候，每回逢着怀疑与懊丧，贝多芬的音乐又在我的心里拨旺了永久生命的火星。每回我精神疲倦了，或是心上有不如意事，我就找我的琴去，在音乐中洗净我的烦愁。” ③要认识罗兰不仅应读他神光焕发的传记，还得读他的长篇小说《约翰·克利斯朵夫》，在这书里他描写他的音乐的经验。 ④他在学堂里结识了莎士比亚，发现了诗与戏剧的神奇。他早年的朋友是克洛岱尔等近代法国三大诗人。瓦格纳是压倒一时的天才，也是罗兰与他少年朋友们的英雄。但在他个人，更重要的一个影响是托尔斯泰。他早就读他的著作，十分的爱慕他，后来念了他的《艺术论》，那只俄国的老象，走进了艺术的花园里去，左一脚踩倒了一盆花，那是莎士比亚，右一脚又踩倒了一盆花，那是贝多芬。这时候少年罗曼·罗兰走到了他的思想的歧路了。莎氏、贝氏、托氏，同是他的英雄，但托氏愤愤地申斥莎氏、贝氏，说他们的艺术都是要不得的，不是真的人道的艺术——他早年的自己也是要不得的。对罗兰这个热烈的寻求真理者而言，这就好似晴天里的一个霹雳;他再也忍不住他的疑虑。他写了一封信给托尔斯泰，陈述他的冲突的心理。他那年22岁。几个星期后的一天，罗兰接到一封写满38页纸的长信。那六旬老
【英语】高考英语阅读理解专题训练答案 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Google's new camera, called Clips, is a smart device. It comes with a case that has a clip (夹子), but it's not designed to be worn on your clothing. Most interestingly, it uses artificial intelligence to take photography out of your hands and captures moments entirely on its own! What sets this roughly 2-inch by 2-inch camera, with a three-hour battery life and Gorilla Glass for toughness apart is that it is specially intended for candid moments, like when a child does something cute that may happen too quickly for you to pull out your smartphone. The Clips device, it uses machine learning algorithms (计算程序) to help capture scenes. Those algorithms include face recognition. "Once it learns that there's a face you see frequently, it'll try to get nice photos of those faces," said Juston Payne, the device's product manager. And they also want it to recognize facial expressions, which involved "training it to know what happiness looks like". The Google team also trained it to recognize what not to shoot—like when a child's hand is over the lens, or if it is tossed in a dark purse. The only way to see the images is by connecting the camera with your phone, as it has no screen for viewing or editing. Concerned it could seem strange? Yes, Payne admitted, but he said they addressed that by making it obvious what it is. A green light on the front signals that it is on. Besides, unlike a camera meant to monitor your home, it is not connected to the Internet. "This product is only possible because of the way that silicon(硅) has advanced," Payne said that now they could squeeze the technology down into a device this size. Going forward, we're likely to get more assistance from the artificial intelligence packed into our apps and gadgets.（1）What is the most outstanding feature of Clips? A.It enables easy Internet access. B.It is equipped with tough glass. C.It can be worn on your clothing. D.It allows of hands-free photography. （2）What does the underlined word "candid" in Paragraph 2 mean? A.Awkward. B.Brief. C.Touching. D.Unforgettable. （3）What makes Clips a reality according to Juston Payne? A.The advance in technology. B.The popularity of the Internet. C.The screen for viewing and editing. D.The rise of the smartphone industry. （4）What does the text mainly talk about? A.New gadgets in the age of apps.
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英语阅读理解解题技巧-解题步骤 在做阅读理解时，可遵循三部曲的原则，即：快速阅读短文;认真逐题作答;复查校对答案。 第一步，快速阅读短文;通读测试题，明确考查点。 先读题，明确题目要求，弄清考点，然后带着问题去读文章，这种方法在英语中称为scanning，就是寻读。快速阅读一遍弄清段落大意，对全文有一个整体了解，阅读时从宏观入手，掌握中心意思，注意哪些用以说明中心意思的主要事实和细节，抓住关键词，弄清作者写此篇文章的目的及意图。如遇到生词，应先跳过，继续通读全文，切忌长时间死扣生词，因为有些生词并不影响对全文的理解，还有一些词可以通过上下文推测含义。 第二步，认真逐题作答。 看完短文后，对整篇短文的内容有了大致的了解，然后马上看后面的问题，带着问题去找答案。如果属于客观信息题，就可直接在短文中找到出处。如果是主观判断题，则应迅速再读全文，仔细分析思考，将近似的答案对照原文反复比较，推敲，选出最佳答案。 第三步，仔细校对所选答案。 做完所有题目后，再读一遍短文，逐一检查所有答案是否有误。如果有拿不定主意的答案，不要随意更改。一定要从原文中找到依据，方可更正。 -阅读技巧 ①要快速浏览全文，掌握主旨和大意，特别注意文章的主题句，理出作者的写作思路。(What is the idea?What are facts?)
②要尽快浏览课文后的思考题，尽量带着问题读; ③完成事实细节题时，要找到定位句; ④要把有关WHO，WHAT，WHERE，HOW和WHY等方面内容用笔圈画出来。 ⑤遇到推理判断题时，要注意作者的态度和命题人的意图，不可从个人的经验出发。 “做英语阅读理解时，答题也有讲究。如果同学们具备一定的答题技巧，那么最终将事半功倍。”王老师说，做猜测词义题、细节理解题、主旨归纳题、推理判断题都有一定的技巧。 英语阅读理解解题技巧一、猜测词义题 阅读理解经常会遇到生词，这些生词怎么解决呢?这就需要一些猜词的技巧。 (一)根据生活常识猜测词义 Children are always boasting.They say things like“My Dad's car is bigger than your Dad's，”“My Mom is smarter than yours.”and“My family has more money than yours.” The word“boasting” means __B___ A.骄傲 B.吹牛 C.顽皮 D.幼稚 Many plants and animals are going extinct.Mammoths，which are related(有关联的) with Asia elephants，are now extinct.There are no mammoths in the world today. 1.A mammoth is a kind of _C___. A.plant B.bird C.animal D.tree 2.The word extinct means _C_ A.出现 B.危险 C.灭绝
2016年高考语文试题分类汇编：现代文 全国卷1 三、文学类文本阅读（25分） 11．阅读下面的文字，完成（1）-（4)题(25分) 锄李锐 拄着锄把出村的时候又有人问：“六安爷，又去百亩园呀？” 倒拿着锄头的六安爷平静地笑笑：“是哩。” “咳呀,六安爷，后晌天气这么热，眼睛又不方便，快回家歇歇吧六安爷！” 六安爷还是平静地笑笑：“我不是锄地，我是过瘾。” “咳呀，锄了地，受了累，又没有收成，你是图啥呀六安爷？” 六安爷已经记不清这样的回答重复过多少次了，他还是不紧不慢地笑笑：“我不是锄地，我是过瘾。” 斜射的阳光晃晃地照在六安爷的脸上，渐渐失明的眼睛，给他带来一种说不出的静穆，六安爷看不清人们的脸色，可他听得清人们的腔调，但是六安爷不想改变自己的主意，照样拄着锄把当拐棍，从从容容地走过。 百亩园就在河对面，一抬眼就能看见。一座三孔石桥跨过乱流河，把百亩园和村子连在一起。这整整一百二十亩平坦肥沃的河滩地，是乱流河一百多里河谷当中最大最肥的一块地。西湾村人不知道在这块地上耕种了几千年几百代了。西湾村人不知把几千斤几万斤的汗水撒在百亩园，也不知从百亩园的土地上收获了几百万几千万斤的粮食，更不知这几百万几千万斤的粮食养活了世世代代多少人。但是，从今年起百亩园再也不会收获庄稼了，煤炭公司看中了百亩园，要在这块地上建一个焦炭厂。两年里反复地谈判，煤炭公司一直把土地收购价压在每亩五千元，为了表示绝不接受的决心，今年下种的季节，西湾村人坚决地把庄稼照样种了下去。煤炭公司终于妥协了，每亩地一万五千块。这场惊心动魄的谈判像传奇一样在乱流河两岸到处被人传颂。一万五千块，简直就是一个让人头晕的天价。按照最好的年景，现在一亩地一年也就能收入一百多块钱。想一想就让人头晕，你得受一百多年的辛苦，留一百多年的汗，才能在一亩地里刨出来一万五千块钱呐！胜利的喜悦中，没有人再去百亩园了，因为合同一签，钱一拿，推土机马上就要开进来了。 可是，不知不觉中，那些被人遗忘了的种子，还是和千百年来一样破土而出了。每天早上嫩绿的叶子上都会有珍珠一样的露水，在晨风中把阳光变幻得五彩缤纷。这些种子们不知道，永远不会再有人来伺候它们，收获它们了。从此往后，百亩园里将是炉火熊熊、浓烟滚滚的另一番景象。 六安爷舍不得那些种子。他掐着指头计算着出苗的时间，到了该间苗锄头遍的日子，六安爷就拄着锄头来到百亩园。一天三晌，一晌不落。 现在，劳累了一天的六安爷已经感觉到腰背的酸痛，满是老茧的手也有些僵硬，他蹲下身子摸索着探出一块空地，然后，坐在黄土上很享受地慢慢吸一支烟，等着僵硬了的筋骨舒缓下来。等到歇够了，就再拄着锄把站起来，青筋暴突的臂膀，把锄头一次又一次稳稳地探进摇摆的苗垅里去。没有人催，自己心里也不急，六安爷只想一个人慢慢地锄地，就好像一个人对着一壶老酒细斟慢饮。 终于，西山的阴影落进了河谷，被太阳晒了一天的六安爷，立刻感觉到了肩背上升起的一丝凉意。他缓缓地直起腰来，把捏锄把的两只手一先一后举到嘴前，轻轻地啐上几点唾沫，而后，又深深地埋下腰，举起了锄头，随着臂膀有力的拉拽，锋利的锄刃闷在黄土里咯嘣咯嘣地割断了草根，间开了密集的幼苗，新鲜的黄土一股一股地翻起来。六安爷惬意地微笑着，虽然看不清，可是，耳朵里的声音，鼻子里的气味，河谷里渐起的凉意，都让他顺心，都让他舒服。银亮的锄板鱼儿戏水一般地，在禾苗的绿波中上下翻飞。于是，松软新鲜的黄土上留下两行长长的跨距整齐的脚印，脚印的两旁是株距均匀的玉茭和青豆的幼苗。六安爷种了一辈子庄稼，锄了一辈子地，眼下这一次有些不一般，六安爷心里知道，这是他这辈子最后一次锄地了，最后一次给百亩园的庄稼锄地了。 沉静的暮色中，百亩园显得寂寥、空旷。六安爷喜欢这天地间昏暗的时辰，眼睛里边和眼睛外边的世界是一样的。他知道自己在慢慢融入眼前这黑暗的世界里。 很多天以后，人们跟着推土机来到百亩园，无比惊讶地发现，六安爷锄过的苗垅里，茁壮的禾苗均匀整齐，一棵一棵蓬勃的庄稼全都充满了丰收的信心。没有人能相信那是一个半瞎子锄过的地。于是人们想起六安爷说了无数遍的话，六安爷总是平静固执地说，“我不是锄地，我是过瘾。” （1）下列对小说相关内容和艺术特色的分析鉴赏，最恰当的两项是( )（5分）
一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Most adults find it hard to recall events from their first few years of life and now scientists have found exactly when these childhood memories fade(消失). A new study has found that most three-year-olds can recall a lot of what happened to them over a year earlier, and these memories persist while they are five and six, but by the time they are over seven, these memories decline(衰退) rapidly. Most children by the age of eight or nine can only recall 35% of their experiences from under the age of three, according to the new findings. The scientists behind the research say this is because at around this age the way we form memories begins to change. They say that before the age of seven children do not have a sense of time and place in their memories. In older children, however, the early events they can recall tend to be more adult-like in the way they are formed. Children also have a far faster rate of forgetting than adults. The findings also help to explain why children can often have clear memories of events but then forget them just a couple of years later. The youngsters first visited the laboratory at the age of three and discussed six unique events from their past, such as family outings, trips to the zoo, and the first day of school. The children then returned for a second session between the ages of five and nine to discuss the same events. The researchers found that between the ages of five and seven, the amount of memories the children could recall remained between 63 -72 percent. However, the amount of information eight-to nine-year-old children could recall dropped to 35 and 36 percent. （1）What does the new study tell us? A.Childhood memories decline with years. B.Three-year-old kids are the cleverest. C.Childhood memories can fade easily. D.Some adults cannot recall past events. （2）What does the underlined word "persist" in Paragraph 2 mean? A.Change. B.Remain. C.Appear. D.Return. （3）What can we learn from Paragraph 4? A.Adults cannot have clear memories of past events. B.Children can think like adults when they get older. C.Children under 7 years old have different ways of forming memories. D.Children often forget things because they have no idea of time or place. （4）In the second session, nine-year-old children _________. A.refused to discuss the same events B.remembered all their family outings C.could recall 72 percent of their past events
高考英语阅读理解真题汇编(含答案) 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Mexico sites on an island plateau (高原) surrounded by volcanic peaks, which makes air quality a constant concern for people who live there. In April, the country took a decisive step toward improving air quality by enacting a temporary ban on private and Federal vehicles in the city. The rule forbids people from driving in the city one day each week and one Saturday each month. Electric vehicles, government service vehicles, public transport options and school buses are not included in the ban. Mexico City isn't the first urban center to be involved in car-free living. But the ban is more than an awareness-raiser. It was enacted with the direct aim of solving air pollution. In March, the city sank into a deep brown haze of smog when the pollution levels passed the 200 mark. The city ordered some 1.1m of the area's 4.7m cars off the streets and also offered free bus and subway rides. Mexico City's temporary vehicle ban raises questions about the best ways to improve urban air quality. India, whose citizens breathe some of the world's dirtiest air, has tried a variety of solutions. Earlier this year, the Indian government started a 4% sales tax on new-car purchases. Beijing also has experience with cleaning the air. The city introduced alternate-day rules in advance of the 2008 Olympic Games, which produced good results. And then there is the London congestion (拥挤) charge, introduced in 2003. The charge has had a measurable effect on air quality. For now, Mexico City — named by the United Nations as the most polluted city on the planet in 1992 — can look forward to the start of the region's rainy season, when daily showers will help lo clean the air. （1）How did Mexico ban vehicles in the city? A. By banning private and Federal vehicles one day a week. B. By forbidding private and public vehicles every Saturday. C. By limiting the number of new cars. D. By prohibiting the vehicles except public ones.（2）What did the government of Mexico do when carrying out the ban on vehicles? A. Raised the number of public vehicles. B. Offered free bus and subway rides. C. Introduced more travel options. D. Encouraged citizens to leave the city. （3）What may contribute to improving the air quality in Mexico? A. Alternate-day rules. B. Tax rises. C. Congestion charge. D. The rainy season.（4）What's the best title for the passage? A. Mexico —an Island Plateau B. A Variety of Bans on Vehicles in Mexico C. Should Cities Be Car-free Zones D. How to Improve Air Quality 【答案】（1）A （2）B （3）D （4）C