2020届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解词义猜测类专项练习
【分类真题】
(2019年全国卷II.A）
My Favourite Books
Jo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co-author of the This Book Will series（系列）of lifestyle books. Here she picks her top reads.
Matilda
Roald Dahl
I once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahl's writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful words. Matilda's battles with her cruel parents and the bossy headmistress, Miss Trunchbull，are equally fumy and frightening, but they're also aspirational.
After Dark
Haruki Murakami
It’s about two sisters —Eri, a model who either won’t or can’t stop sleeping, and Mari, a young student. In trying to connect to her sister, Mari starts changing her life and discovers a world of diverse "night people" who are hiding secrets.
Gone Girl
Gillian Flynn
There was a bit of me that didn't want to love this when everyone else on the planet did, but the horror story is brilliant. There's tension and anxiety from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust. It's a real whodunit and the frustration when you realise what's going on is horribly enjoyable.
The Stand
Stephen King
This is an excellent fantasy novel from one of the best storytellers around. After a serious flu outbreak wipes out 99.4% of the world's population, a battle unfolds between good and evil among those left. Randall Flagg is one of the scariest characters ever.
21. Who does "I" refer to in the text?
A. Stephen King.
B. Gillian Flynn.
C. Jo Usmar.
D. Roald Dahl.
【答案】.C
【解析】词义猜测题。本题题干意为：文章中的“I”指的是谁？根据第一段可知本文是作者JoUsmar的书评。根据Matilda中的“Ionce wrote
a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahl's writing and it gave me...”可知，此处I指的是JoUsmar,故选C项。其他几项都是文章中提到的几本书的作者。
22. Which of the following tells about Mari and Eri?
A. Cosmopolitan.
B. Matilda.
C. After Dark.
D. The Stand.
【答案】.C
【解析】细节理解题。本题题干意为：下面哪个选项讲述了Mari和Eri?
在文章有关After Dark的书评中，作者介绍了Eri和Mari,因此C项正确。A项Cosmopolitan是作者介绍JoUsmar时提及的她的一本书。B项和D项是书评介绍中的两本书。
23. What kind of book is G one Girl?
A.A folk tale.
B.A biography.
C.A love story.
D.A horror story. 【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。本题题干意为：Gone Girl是一本什么样的书？根据文章Gone Girl部分的介绍，尤其是“but the horror story is brilliant"可知，这本书是关于恐怖故事的，故D项正确。A:民间传说；B:传记；C:爱情故事。
(2019年全国卷I.B）
For Canaan Elementary’s second grade in Patchogue, N.Y.，today is speech day, and right now it’s Chris Palaez’s turn. The 8-year-old is the joker of the class. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking.
But he’s nervous.＂I’m here to tell you today why you should … should…＂Chris trips on the＂-ld,＂a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher, Thomas Whaley, is next to him, whispering support.＂…Vote for …me …＂Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion, Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.
A son of immigrants, Chris started learning English a little over three years ago. Whaley recalls（回想起）how at the beginning of the year, when called upon to read, Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.
Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience. What you need is a great teacher
who lets you make mistakes. ＂It takes a lot for any student,＂Whaley explains, ＂especially for a student who is learning English as their new language, to feel confident enough to say, ‘I don’t know，but I want to know.’＂
Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The answer broke his heart. Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast（夸耀）about themselves.
＂Boasting about yourself, and your best qualities,＂Whaley says, ＂is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.＂
24. What made Chris nervous？
A. Telling a story.
B. Making a speech.
C. Taking a test.
D. Answering a question.
【答案】.B
【解析】细节理解题。本题题干意为：什么使Chris紧张？根据第一段第一句（……今天是演讲日，现在轮到Chris Palaez了）和第二段第一句(但是他很紧张）可知，B项正确。A:讲故事；C:参加考试；D:回答问题
25. What does the underlined word ＂stumbles＂in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Improper pauses.
B. Bad manners.
C. Spelling mistakes.
D. Silly jokes.
【答案】.A
【解析】词义猜测题。本题题干意为：第二段中的画线单词stumbles 指代什么？根据第二段中的“you should...should..."Chris trips on the"-ld,"...可知，他有些发音上的问题。又根据Except for some stumbles,Chris is doing amazingly well.可知，Chris总体上很好，但是有些不合适的停顿。故A选项（不合适的停顿）正确。B:不礼貌；C:拼写错误；D:愚蠢的笑话。
26. We can infer that the purpose of Whaley’s project is to _________.
A. help students see their own strengths
B. assess students’ public speaking skills
C. prepare students for their future jobs
D. inspire students’ love for politics
【答案】.A
【解析】推理判断题。本题题干意为：我们可以推断出Whaley的项目的目的是_。根据文章倒数第二段最后一句（他想要这些孩子学会夸耀自己）可知答案为A项（帮助学生看到他们自己的优点）。B:评价学生的公众演讲技巧；C:让学生为他们未来的工作做准备；D:激励学生热爱政治。
27. Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher?
A. Humorous.
B. Ambitious.
C. Caring.
D. Demanding.
【答案】.C
【解析】推理判断题。本题题干意为：下面哪一个词最能描述Whaley作为一个老师所具有的品质？根据第二段他低声耳语支持学生、第五段中他想让学生夸耀自己和第六段中他认为夸耀自己和自己最好的品质对一个没有自信的孩子是很难的，可知他理解、关心学生们，故选C项（关心他人的）。A:幽默的；B:有雄心的；D:苛求的，要求高的。
(2018年全国卷II.B）
Many of us love July because it's the month when nature's berries and stone fruits are in abundance. These colourful and sweet jewels from British Columbia's fields are little powerhouses of nutritional protection.
Of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, although, because of their seeds, raspberries contain a little more protein (蛋白质)，iron and zinc（not that fruits have much protein). Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants(抗氧化物质). The yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and which are antioxidants, As for cherries (樱花). they are so delicious who cares? However ,they are rich in vitamin C.
When combined with berries or slices of other fruits. frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick, cooling fruit shakes and low fat “ice cream”. For this purpose, select ripe bananas for freezing as they are much sweeter. Remove the skin and place them in plastic bags or containers and freeze If you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown. Frozen bananas will last several weeks, depending on their ripeness and the temperature of the freezer.
If you have a juicer, you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit. Out comes a“soft-serve” creamy dessert, to be eaten right away. This makes a fun activity for a children's party；they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below.
24. What does the author seem to like about cherries?
A. They contain protein.
B. They are high in vitamin A.
C. They have a pleasant taste.
D. They are rich in antioxidants.
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：作者似乎喜欢樱桃的什么？根据第二最后两句话（至于樱桃，它们那么美味可口，谁在乎呢？然而，它们含维他命C。）可知作者喜欢樱桃的美味可口，所以答案为C 项。
25. Why is fresh lemon juice used in freezing bananas？
A. To make them smell better.
B. To keep their colour.
C. To speed up their ripening
D. To improve their nutrition.
【答案】.B
【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：为什么在冷冻香蕉时要加点新鲜的柠檬汁根据第三段倒数第二句话（如果你喜欢的话，挤一点新鲜的柠檬汁到香上会防止它们变成褐色。）可推断出这么做是为了保持香蕉本来的颜所以答案为B项。A项：为了让它们更好闻；C项：为了加速它们的成熟D项：为了增加它们的营养。这三项均与原文描述不符。
26. What is “a juicer”in the last paragraph?
A. A dessert.
B. A drink.
C. A container.
D. A machine.
【答案】.D
【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：最后一段的“a juicer”是什么？根据最后一段第一句和第二句话的描述（如果你有一个榨汁机的话，你就把冻的香蕉和一些浆果或者切成片的水果放进去。就会出来一种软软的奶油状的甜品，要马上吃掉哦。）可以推断出画线部分是一种能制作果汁样食品的机器，所以答案为D项。
27. From which is the text probably taken?
A. A biology textbook.
B. A health magazine.
C. A research paper.
D. A travel brochure.
【答案】.B
【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：这篇文章可能选自什么？根据第一段第二句话的描述（这些来自不列颠哥伦比亚省土地上的色彩鲜艳的甜甜的宝贝就是营养保护的小集团。）再结合后文描述的几种富含各维生素的水果，我们可以推断出本文是来自与健康营养相关的书，即一本健康杂志，所以答案为B项。A项：一本生物课本；C项：一篇研空论文.D项.一本旅游册子。这三项与文章主题不符。
【模拟优题】
(2019陕西咸阳一模，B)
Coffee is an essential part of Italian culture and since arriving here over six months ago, I have definitely drunk a lot of it !
Of course, coffee is also very popular in the UK but coffee culture in Italy is a completely different story. In Italy, when you order a coffee in a cafe or bar, you are presented with a tiny,bitter espresso(蒸馏咖啡）.This is'normal coffee'for Italians and they are not so interested in the huge coffees that we drink in the UK. In addition, while take-away coffee is extremely popular among the British, it is not very common at all in Italy, especially in non-touristy areas. Generally, Italians prefer to drink their tiny coffees while standing at the bar and,for many, this short break is an important part of their day.
Typically, breakfast in a bar in Italy involves a coffee and a pastry. I have been attracted by the lovely cafes in the Italian town I'm living in. These cafes sell all sorts of mouth-watering pastries, either plain or filled with cream, chocolate, jam or Nutella,as well as delicious coffee. Cappuccinos are very popular at breakfast time and, for me, a creamy cappuccino and a pastry full of Nutella is the perfect way to start the day.
I think it's nice to head to a bar to grab a coffee and pastries for breakfast before work and it's luxury to take more time to enjoy such a breakfast at the weekend.
Finally, I have found that coffee in Italy is so much cheaper than coffee in the UK. Normally, an espresso or a macchiato(an espresso with a small amount of milk added)costs around a euro and a cappuccino about 1.50! They are small, of course, but this means that in Italy it is possible to go out for coffee regularly without breaking the bank.
1.What does the author intend to tell us in Paragraph 2?
A.Espresso is very popular in Italy.
B.Italians prefer small coffees to large ones.
C. Coffee culture in Italy is very different from that in the UK.
D. Italians have more time spent in cafes than the British people.
【答案】.C
【解析】推理判断题。第二段的首句为段落主题句，本段介绍了意大利咖啡文化与英国咖啡文化的差异，故C项与本段内容相符。
2. The underlined word "pastry" in Paragraph 3 probably is______.
A.a container to provide cream
B.some attractive fruit
C.a powder to be mixed with coffee
D.a dessert served for breakfast
【答案】.D
【解析】词义猜测题。根据第三段第三句These cafes sell all sorts of mouth-watering pastries, either plain or filled with cream, chocolate,jam or Nutella,as well as delicious coffee.可以得知，咖啡馆不仅提供美味的咖啡，还提供各种令人饭涎欲滴的食物，或者不带馅，或者带有奶油、巧克力、果酱等馅。由此可推断此处指和咖啡一起当作早餐食用的甜点，故D项正确。
3.Which of the following best describes coffee in Italy?
A.Drinking coffee in cafes is expensive.
B. Coffee is not allowed to be taken out.
C.Italian coffee is mainly imported from the UK.
D. Coffee often comes along with other food as breakfast.
【答案】.D
【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段的叙述可知，在意大利咖啡经常和其他食物一起当作早餐，故D项正确。根据最后一段可知意大利的咖啡比英国的咖啡便宜很多，故排除A项；第二段提到在意大利，咖啡外卖是不常见到的，并不意味着不允许外卖，故排除B项；文章并未提到意大利咖啡是从英国进口的，故排除C项。
4 What is the author's attitude towards Italian coffee?
A.Positive.
B.Disapproving.
C.Doubtful.
【答案】.A
【解析】推理判断题。文章介绍了意大利的咖啡文化，咖啡可作为早餐的一部分，让人们享受到快乐的时光，而且价格较低，根据文章第三段第二句I have been attracted by the lovely cafes in the Italian town I'm living in.可推断作者对意大利咖啡持有肯定的态度。
(2019辽宁抚顺一模，C)
While many countries love their tea, UK citizens are particularly proud of being "tea people". The average UK citizen consumes nearly 2 kilograms of tea each year.Tea only made its way to England in large quantities in the first years of the 17th century. Tea from China and a few other Asian countries was being sold more widely in England at that time. Then tea became more and more popular among different social classes.
There are many varieties of tea. Black tea mixtures are still the most common type drunk in the UK. Black tea is dark in colour,because the leaves have been allowed to oxidize(氧化）before drying. This is why we usually serve it with milk,although it is not uncommon to drink it black or with lemon.
You may still find tea made with loose tea leaves, served up in a pot, and poured into the best china cups with saucers(茶托）for visitors.
Tea is still a large part of daily life in the UK today, but it seems to be on the decrease . The amount of tea sold in the UK fell by more than 10% in the five years leading up to 2002, and has been dropping ever since. Tea sales fell by 6% in 2014alone, and most restaurants report selling more than twice as many cups of coffee as they do tea. More than f1 billion was spent on coffee in high street stores in 2013, more than twice what was spent on tea bags.
Still , what goes around comes around ; it's sure to become fashionable again.
1.Which of the following is true according to the first three paragraphs?
A.Tea made its way to England in the early years of the 16th entury
B.The UK usually serves black tea with lemon
C.Tea from China is being sold more widely in England now.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/8b432831.html, citizens take pride in being"tea people".
【解析】细节理解题。由文章第一段的While many countries love their tea, UK citizens are particularly proud of being "tea people".可知D项与文章内容相符。
2.What can we infer from the fourth paragraph?
A.Tea sales fell by 6% in 2014 alone.
B.The sales of tea have been on the decrease for about 20 years.
C.In 2013, the money spent on tea was f 3 billion.
D. Most restaurants like selling tea than coffee.
【答案】.B
【解析】推理判断题。由文章第四段的The amount of tea sold in the UK fell by more than 10% in the five years leading up to 2002, and has been dropping ever since.可知B项正确。A项为文章原句，不属于推断内容。
3.What does the underlined sentence mean in the last paragraph?
A.It can never succeed again.
B.Tea can become popular again.
C. Coffee is more popular than tea.
D.Tea is becoming less popular.
【答案】.B
【解析】词义猜测题。由文章最后一段Still,what goes around comes around;it's sure to become fashionable again.可知，加下划线的句子后面是分号，分号后的句子与此处意思相同，即茶肯定能够再次流行起来，B项与该句内容一致。
4.What is the author's purpose in writing the text?
A.To introduce tea in the UK.
B.To show the author's preference for tea.
C.To introduce the functions of tea.
D.To compare tea in China and the UK.
【答案】.A
【解析】推理判断题。通过全文内容可知，文章介绍了英国茶的相关事宜，包括茶的历史、种类、饮茶方式以及茶的销量，A项符合文章主旨
(2019吉林辽源二模）
I was in the Santa Cruz Mountains not long ago, speaking and singing at a women's conference. We were focusing on the theme of loving others in practical ways through our gifts, and something in particular happened during one of the sessions will remain imprinted on my memory
A young Syrian woman(Lilith)was invited to the conference at the last minute, and everyone seemed surprised and delighted that she'd actually come. Just a few days earlier,Lilith had fled her country and found refuge with one of the women attending the conference. As an orthodox Christian in Syria, she and her loved ones had become targets for violent terrorist groups in the country's ongoing civil war.
Lilith had witnessed horrors no one of her young age should ever see and decided to leave her home and her family to fi safety here in America. Her story broke my heart.
Lilith's story touched all of us, including Pam, who was a quilt maker. Pam had just finished a beautiful quilt, and had brought it with her. She, along with a few of the leaders,decided to give it to Lilith as a symbol of their comfort and love.
During our last session, Lilith was called forward and prayed for , hugged , and wrapped up in that beautiful quilt .thought of the many hours Pam undoubtedly spent working or it, and the terrible events that led Lilith to this moment-surrounded by beauty and love the quilt embodied. I wept. Wher they told her it was for her, she wept.
1.What is the purpose of the women's conference?
A.To help others in a practical way
B.To win equal rights for women.
C.To get together to dance and sing.
D.To exchange gifts with each other.
【答案】.A
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段的We were focusing on the theme of lov-ing others in practical ways through our gifts可知，本次会议的主题是通过赠送礼物等实际的方式来关爱他人，A项符合文章内容。
2.Why did Lilith go to America?
A.To attend the women's conference.
B.To find safety.
C.To find her family.
D.To find a better job.
【答案】.B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段的decided to leave her home and her family to find safety here in America.可知，她决定离开家乡和亲人来到美国，是为了寻求安全，故B项正确。
3.From this passage,we know that the writer
A.enthusiastic
B.sympathetic
C.intelligent
D.talented
【答案】.B
【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知，得知她的故事后，“我”心都碎了，由此可以推断出，“我”是个有同情心的人，故B项正确。enthusiastic热情的；intelligent聪明的；talented有才能的。
4.What is the meaning of the underlined word?
A.A place of interest.
B.A place of danger.
C.A place of trust.
D.A place of shelter.
【答案】.D
【解析】词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句可知，叙利亚正在发生内战，Lilith成为攻击目标，所以逃离自己的国家避难，故D项正确。
一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Gemini Man Gemini Man is a big-budget Hollywood sci-fi-action movie based on an original concept, rather than on a superhero comic or an old TV series, even though this particular original concept is more 20 years old. In it a government assassin (杀手)is being hunted down by his own clone The original script was sold by Darren Lemke to a studio in 1997, and since then almost every male A-listener has been attached as a potential star. Now, at long last, Ang Lee has directed Gemini Man, and Will Smith plays both the veteran assassin and his much younger doppelganger (分身). Jojo Rabbit During World War Two, a 10-year-old German boy (Roman Griffin David) is desperate to be a dutiful Nazi, only to discover that his mother (Scarlett Johansson) is hiding, a Jewish girl (Thomasin McKenzie) in their house. It may not sound like the stuff of a big-hearted comedy but Taika Waititi can make anything warm and funny. As well as writing and directing Jojo Rabbit, Waititi co-stars as the boy's imaginary friend,a nitwitted Adolf Hitler. Doctor Sleep Mike Flanag's new film is adapted from Stephen King, novel, Doctor Sleep, which was a sequel (续集) to The Shining. You can expect to see blood flowing out of lifts in a rapid stream, ghostly twin girls and headache-including carpet patterns. Ewan McGregor stars as Danny Torrance, the boy with psychic powers m 1980 film. Now, he is a middle-aged hospital counsellor. Maleficent: Mistress of Evil Here's another chance to see Angelina Jolie. In 2014 she starred in Maleficent, Disney's live-action remake of the Sleeping Beauty cartoon from 1959. The twist was that the eponymous wicked fairy wasn't so wicked, after all, and that the real villain was the father of Princess Aurora (Elle Fanning). The sequel's subtitle promises that Maleficent will actually be evil this time around, her change of heart prompted by Aurora's engagement to handsome prince (Harris Dickinson).（1）What can we learn from this passage? A. Ewan McGregor plays a role in Doctor Sleep. B. Taika Waititi is the main character in Jojo Rabbit. C. Gemini Man is adapted from a 20-yem--old TV series. D. The real wicked character in Maleficent: Mistress of Evil is Aurora. （2）If your friend wants to see a horror movie, which one will you recommend? A. Gemini Man B. Jojo Babbit C. Doctor Sleep D. Maleficent: Mistress of Evil 【答案】（1）A （2）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四部电影。 （1）考查细节理解。根据Doctor Sleep部分中的“Ewan McGregor stars as Danny Torrance, the boy w ith psychic powers in 1980 film.”可知Ewan McGregor在电影Doctor Sleep扮演Danny Torrance的角色。故选A。
III词义猜测 【命题特点】考查根据上下文推测生词和短语的能力,突出考查对语境的分析和把握的能力。【常见考法】 1. The underlined word “…”probably means____. 2. The word “…”used in paragraph “…”refers to/suggests____. 3. The phrase “…”in the sentence can be replaced by ____. 4. Which of the following is the cl osest in meaning to the word “…”? 5. What is the meaning of the underlined word in paragraph “…”? 6. By saying “…”, we mean_____. 7. What do you think of the expression “…”stands for? 8. The meaning of word “…”in the passage is related to_____. 一．通过定义或解释推测语义 有些概念性生词出现后，作者会给出它的定义、同位语、修饰性从句或是定语。这些修饰成分可以帮助我们推断出生词的语义 （1）定义句的谓语动词在文中多为：be, mean, deal with, be considered to be, refer to, be called, be known as, define（下定义）, represent, signify（表示，表明）, constitute（指。。）等。 （2）解释则常用as you know, to be called, to mean, to refer to, that is（to say）, in other words, namely 等词语以及同位语和定语从句来提示下文将前面的信息加以重复或解释。 （3）有时作者会用复述的形式来解释语义，而复述部分可以是词、短语或从句。 （4）还有下一些标点符号，如冒号、破折号、括号等都表示后文要继续解释说明前文。eg. 1. The powerful poison was imperceptible when mixed in liquid, that is, it could not be tasted, seen, or smelled. (无法察觉的，感觉不到的) 2. The Greek marriage was monogamous-----men and women were allowed only one spouse （配偶） at a time. （一夫一妻制） Exercises: 1. Pantomime refers to a short play in which no words are spoken. ____默剧，哑剧_______ 2. Anthropology is the scientific study of man. _____人类学______ 3. We will meet you in the foyer, the entrance hall of the theatre. ____门厅_______ 4. He began to shave his whiskers, which had grown thick on both cheeks（脸颊）. ___胡须______ 5. Some computer scientists are developing artificial-intelligence machines that they say will think like people. ____人工智能_______ Test1 There is no cure（治愈）for Alzheimer’s. But a drug called ARICEPT has been used by millions of people to help their symptoms（症状）. 61. What is ARICEPT？（C） A. A medicine to cure Alzheimer’s B. A medicine to delay signs of aging. C. A medicine to reduce the symptoms of Alzheimer’s. D. A medicine to cure brain damage. Test 2 Here is The Pines, whose cook has developed a special way of mixing foreign food such as caribou, wild boar and reindeer with surprising sauces. （1）According to the passage, The Pines is a ______. （D） A. place in which you can see many mobile homes
2019年高考英语卷I 阅读理解翻译 -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN
A 今年夏天你要找工作吗？ 省政府及其合作伙伴提供了许多项目来帮助学生找到暑期工作。申请截止日期以及你需要申请的东西都取决于该项目。 你不是学生？那你可以访问政府网站，了解一些可以全年帮助30岁以下的人培养技能、找工作或进行创业的项目和在线工具。 青年岗位 如果你是生活在本省内某些地区的一名青少年，你就有资格参加这一项目，该项目提供了八个星期的带薪就业与培训。 申请资格：青年，年龄为15至18岁，且生活在特定社区内。 夏日公司 夏日公司项目为学生提供了实际业务培训，且奖励高达3 000美元，从而帮助他们创立并经营自己的公司。 申请资格：学生，年龄为15至29岁，且于秋季返校。 园林青年管理员项目 今年夏天，你可以申请成为一名园林青年管理员，为当地的自然资源管理项目进行为期八周的工作。 申请资格：学生，雇用期间年龄为16岁或17岁，但在今年12月31日前不得年满18岁。 夏季就业机会 通过夏季就业机会项目，每年夏天都有学生们就职于省级公共服务、相关机构及社会团体的各种岗位。 申请资格：学生，年龄在15岁以上。对于身患残疾的学生，有些职位要求年龄须在15至24岁，最多29岁。 B 对于地处纽约帕乔格的迦南小学的二年级学生而言，今天是演讲日，现在轮到克里斯·帕莱兹了。这个八岁的孩子是班上最会开玩笑的人。他有一双闪亮的黑眼睛，使他看起来就像那种喜欢在公众场合演讲的孩子。 但是他很紧张。“今天我想讲一讲，你们为什么应该……应该……”克里斯在“-ld”的发音上变得磕绊起来，这对许多非英语母语人士都是一个发音难题。他的老师托马斯·沃利站在他旁边，悄声给予支持：“……为我……投票……”除了一些磕磕绊绊之外，克里斯表现得出奇地好。当他对演讲作了漂亮的收尾时，沃利邀请全班同学对他表示称赞。 作为移民的儿子，克里斯从三年前开始一点点学习英语。沃利回想起在今年年初时，每当要求克里斯阅读的时候，他都会借口去洗手间。 把英语作为第二语言来学习可以说是一种痛苦的经历。而你需要的是一位肯让你犯错的好老师。“对于任何学生来说，”沃利解释道，“尤其是对于把英语作为自己的一门新语言去学习的学生来说，能够十分自信地说出‘我不知道，但是我想知道’是需要很大勇气的。” 有一天，沃利问孩子们，如果谁认为自己永远都当不了总统，请举手。那时沃利就萌生了举办二年级总统竞选这一项目的想法。当时孩子们的答案让他感到心碎。沃利表示这个项目不仅仅是为了让孩子学会在公共场合朗读和说话。他更希望这些孩子学会夸耀自己。
（英语）高三英语阅读理解解析版汇编 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 In America, parents tend to encourage their children to develop their potential (潜能) to the fullest extent. Fathers and mothers frequently teach their children both ambition and the confidence necessary to work toward their goals. American parents are always active in concentrating on what their kids can do, not what they can't. As a result, millions of American boys and girls grow up hoping to become actors and athletes, diplomats and doctors. Many of them even want to become president. American parents often encourage their children to become involved in extra activities of all types at school, such as student government, sports and music. They believe that only through taking part in these activities can their children become mature young adults. As we all know, school work is important. But parents should realize that the social skills their children learn from natural conversations with each other are as important as schoolwork and the skills they will need in the future work. What's more important in their work is that their children should have a sound knowledge of physics or the ability to communicate effectively. As a rule, Chinese parents don't educate their children about the same kind of ambition and confidence as Americans do, nor do they encourage the same level of participation in extra activities. Children are typically advised to study hard and pass exams. They have to spend a lot of time in doing much schoolwork every day. It is a great waste of time to do so. Now more and more Chinese parents have recognized that they should pay attention to developing the potential of their children. I hope that leaders in Chinese educational circles should take some measures to develop the potential of their children. I am very confident about it. （1）From the passage, we know the American parents pay much more attention to . A. the social skills than Chinese parents B. their children's studying hard and well C. what their children want but they can't D. extra activities than schoolwork （2）According to the passage, Chinese parents . A. know more than American parents to educate their children B. owning ambition and confidence is necessary and important C. pay much more attention to their children's fine future D. don't encourage their children to participate in extra activities （3）From the passage, we can infer . A. American children are brave and adventurous B. American children are more active in their studies C. Chinese children have the ability to communicate effectively D. something should be done to develop the potential of the children in China （4）What's the writer's attitude towards Chinese education reform? A. Neutral. B. Indifferent. C. Positive. D. Negative. 【答案】（1）A
高考英语阅读理解真题汇编(含答案) 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Mexico sites on an island plateau (高原) surrounded by volcanic peaks, which makes air quality a constant concern for people who live there. In April, the country took a decisive step toward improving air quality by enacting a temporary ban on private and Federal vehicles in the city. The rule forbids people from driving in the city one day each week and one Saturday each month. Electric vehicles, government service vehicles, public transport options and school buses are not included in the ban. Mexico City isn't the first urban center to be involved in car-free living. But the ban is more than an awareness-raiser. It was enacted with the direct aim of solving air pollution. In March, the city sank into a deep brown haze of smog when the pollution levels passed the 200 mark. The city ordered some 1.1m of the area's 4.7m cars off the streets and also offered free bus and subway rides. Mexico City's temporary vehicle ban raises questions about the best ways to improve urban air quality. India, whose citizens breathe some of the world's dirtiest air, has tried a variety of solutions. Earlier this year, the Indian government started a 4% sales tax on new-car purchases. Beijing also has experience with cleaning the air. The city introduced alternate-day rules in advance of the 2008 Olympic Games, which produced good results. And then there is the London congestion (拥挤) charge, introduced in 2003. The charge has had a measurable effect on air quality. For now, Mexico City — named by the United Nations as the most polluted city on the planet in 1992 — can look forward to the start of the region's rainy season, when daily showers will help lo clean the air. （1）How did Mexico ban vehicles in the city? A. By banning private and Federal vehicles one day a week. B. By forbidding private and public vehicles every Saturday. C. By limiting the number of new cars. D. By prohibiting the vehicles except public ones.（2）What did the government of Mexico do when carrying out the ban on vehicles? A. Raised the number of public vehicles. B. Offered free bus and subway rides. C. Introduced more travel options. D. Encouraged citizens to leave the city. （3）What may contribute to improving the air quality in Mexico? A. Alternate-day rules. B. Tax rises. C. Congestion charge. D. The rainy season.（4）What's the best title for the passage? A. Mexico —an Island Plateau B. A Variety of Bans on Vehicles in Mexico C. Should Cities Be Car-free Zones D. How to Improve Air Quality 【答案】（1）A （2）B （3）D （4）C
猜测词义读懂文章 Exercises Read the following passages and see if you understand the words or phrases that may be new to you: Passage 1. We can not feel speed. But our sense let us know that we are moving. We see things moving past and feel that we are being shaken. We can feel acceleration, an increase in speed. But we notice it for only a short time. For example we fee it during the takeoff run of an airplane. 1. Acceleration is the name for _______. D A. any kind of movement B. the movement of a plane C. a steady speed D. an increase in speed Passage 2. A tornado can do a lot of damage. The wind of a tornado rushes at great speed around a funnel-shaped cloud. It travels in a path a few hundred feet wide and about twenty-five miles long. As the wind circles, the funnel spirals higher and higher. 2. A tornado is a _______. C A. rainstorm B. dust storm C. great circle wind D. huge funnel of water Passage 3. STOCKHOLM—A Swede and two Americans won the 2000 Nobel Prize for medicine on Oct. 9 for studies on how messages move around the nervous system. The discovery makes it possible to develop drugs against Parkinson’s disease and schizophrenia. Arvid Carlson of Sweden and Paul Greengard and Eric Kandel of the United States share the first prize of the millennium, worth nearly US$ 1 million, for their discoveries, Sweden’s Karlinska Institute said. (2009NMET) 3. What does the underlined word “schizophrenia” probably mean?A A. a kind of illness B. a new discovery C. a name of a subject D. a new drug Passage 4. New Y ork: when the first jet struck 1 World Trade Center at 8:48 am on Tuesday, the people in 2 World Trade Center with a view of the instant damage across the divide had the clearest sense of what they, too, must do: get out fast…. Among the uncertainty about what was the best thing to do, formal announcements inside the south tower instructed people to stay put, telling them that the building was in good condition and the threat was limited to the other tower. C 4. The underlined words “stay put”means______. A. to keep silent B. to leave at once C. to stay in the building D. to put everything back and then leave Passage 5. All the athletes try to be at the closing ceremony. They have forgotten all their fears and worries. It does not matter whether they have done well or not. All the teams walk round the stadium together. Everybody in the village clears up and gets ready to leave. Everyone is hunting for local products. People exchange track suits, hats, running vest and so on. There is a last chance to take photographs and get addresses of new friends. Then each team starts its journey home. 5. The underline phrase “clears up”in the paragraph means______. A
2018全国3卷英语高考 A Welcome to Holker Ha ll & Gardens Visitor Information ____ By Car： Follow brown signs an A590 from JB6, M6.Approximale travel times: Windermere-20 minutes, Kendal-25 minutes, Lancaster-45 minutes, Manchester-I hour 30 minutes. By Rail: The nearest stati on is Cark-in-Cartmel with trains to Carnforth, Lancaster Preston for connections to major cities & airports. Opening Times Sunday-Friday (closed on Saturday)11:00 am-4:00pm,30 March-2nd November. Admission Charges Hall & Gardens Gardens Adults: ￡12.00 ￡8.00 Groups ￡9 ￡5.5 Producers: Market 13th April Join us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks. Meet the producers and get some excellent recipe ideas. Holker Garden Festival 30th May The event celebrate its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening, making it one of the most popular events in gardening. National Garden Day 28th August Holker once again opens is gardens in aid of the disadvantaged. For just a small donation you can take a tour with our garden guide. Winter Market 8th November
阅读理解专项突破 III词义猜测 【命题特点】考查根据上下文推测生词和短语的能力,突出考查对语境的分析和把握的能力。【常见考法】 1. The underlined word “…”probably means____. 2. The word “…”used in paragraph “…”refers to/suggests____. 3. The phrase “…”in the sentence can be replaced by ____. 4. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the word “…”? 5. What is the meaning of the underlined word in paragraph “…”? 6. By saying “…”, we mean_____. 7. What do you think of the expression “…”stands for? 8. The meaning of word “…”in the passage is related to_____. 一．通过定义或解释推测语义 有些概念性生词出现后，作者会给出它的定义、同位语、修饰性从句或是定语。这些修饰成分可以帮助我们推断出生词的语义 （1）定义句的谓语动词在文中多为：be, mean, deal with, be considered to be, refer to, be called, be known as, define（下定义）, represent, signify（表示，表明）, constitute（指。。）等。（2）解释则常用as you know, to be called, to mean, to refer to, that is（to say）, in other words, namely 等词语以及同位语和定语从句来提示下文将前面的信息加以重复或解释。 （3）有时作者会用复述的形式来解释语义，而复述部分可以是词、短语或从句。 （4）还有下一些标点符号，如冒号、破折号、括号等都表示后文要继续解释说明前文。eg. 1. The powerful poison was imperceptible when mixed in liquid, that is, it could not be tasted, seen, or smelled. (无法察觉的，感觉不到的) 2. The Greek marriage was monogamous-----men and women were allowed only one spouse（配偶）at a time. （一夫一妻制） Exercises: 1. Pantomime refers to a short play in which no words are spoken. ____默剧，哑剧_______ 2. Anthropology is the scientific study of man. _____人类学______ 3. We will meet you in the foyer, the entrance hall of the theatre. ____门厅_______ 4. He began to shave his whiskers, which had grown thick on both cheeks（脸颊）. ___胡须______ 5. Some computer scientists are developing artificial-intelligence machines that they say will think like people. ____人工智能_______ Test 1 There is no cure（治愈）for Alzheimer’s. But a drug called ARICEPT has been used by millions of people to help their symptoms（症状）. 61. What is ARICEPT？（C） A. A medicine to cure Alzheimer’s B. A medicine to delay signs of aging. C. A medicine to reduce the symptoms of Alzheimer’s. D. A medicine to cure brain damage. Test 2 Here is The Pines, whose cook has developed a special way of mixing foreign food such as caribou, wild boar and reindeer with surprising sauces. （1）According to the passage, The Pines is a ______. （D） A. place in which you can see many mobile homes B. mountain where you can get a good view of the valley C. town which happens to be near the Banff National Park D. restaurant where you can ask for some special kinds of food
I watched from a distance as the homeless man quarreled with those who did not leave money for him – the majority. I walked up to him and right on queue he asked me for a quarter. ―I’ll give you a quarter if you tell me your story.‖ He laughed, ―You’ll give me a quarter for my story?‖ I lay the quarter in front of him and corrected myself –―Nah, here’s the quarter but it would be nice to hear your story.‖ I followed his eyes to the quarter and for a brief moment I saw a glimmer of reflection. I sat down next to him and waited. ―I was in the army,‖ he said. ―I was a sniper(狙击手)and was supposed to shoot down the enemy from the distance.‖ I listened carefully to his grizzly voice as he went deeper into the story. He wore dirty old torn clothes and smelled like a dead rat left in a mouse trap. He told me how he used to hunt with his family and was really good at it. He had his own way of respecting animals by not wasting what he killed for food and not killing more than he needed. When the army came knocking on his door, he felt pride and joined up. All those years of polishing his hunting skills could now serve a larger purpose—to defend us from the bad guys. He set out to fight in Iraq. It wasn’t long before he realized his ideals and expectations were just a shadow of the truth. He became disillusioned with the killings, which he felt were of innocent people. ―I was a sniper but I never really killed anyone,‖ he said. ―One day I had to do it. They asked me to shoot this lady from the distance. I saw kids near that lady and my hands were on the trigger (扳机). Man, I was tearing up ... I couldn’t do it. She wasn’t doing anything to anyone and she was with the kids—I couldn’t see through my tears. It just didn’t make any sense to me.‖ The story goes on as he describes eventually being put into prison for 180 days for refusing to follow orders. He told me how he was black listed so that he couldn’t get a job. All the rights we take for granted were taken away from him. Why? Here was a man who was being punished—and for what? For refusing to kill the lady? For being a hero? ―I have no regrets,‖ the homeless man said. ―I may be homeless now, but I never killed that lady. I never killed anyone in the army. It didn’t feel right. I didn’t go there to do that. I went there to save people.‖ He continued, ―I can live with being homeless—that’s okay. But I wouldn’t be able to live with killing innocent people.‖ On that lonely Friday night, I met a hero. It just never occurred to me that a hero could be a smelly old man left on streets. 1. It can be learned from the passage that the homeless man_______. （） A. never killed animals B. had a strong respect for life C. deserved the punishment he received D. felt guilty about disobeying the order