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小学英语必掌握的五大句型及其用法

小学英语必掌握的五大句型及其用法
小学英语必掌握的五大句型及其用法

01

- 肯定句-

肯定句是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子。如:

I’m a student.

She is a doctor.

He works in a hospital.

There are four fans in our classroom.

家长可以让孩子记住一个简单的特征,肯定句是用表示肯定的意思,即不含有否定词“不”。

02

- 否定句-

和肯定句相反,否定句表示某一否定意思,句中一定有not。如:

I’m not a student.

She is not (isn’t) a do ctor.

He does not (doesn’t) work in a hospital.

There are not (aren’t) four fans in our classroom.

否定句的形式有三种可能:

1.be动词(am、is、are、was、were)+not

2.情态动词(can、must、should)+ not

3.助动词(do、does、did) + not

家长要注意,将肯定的陈述句改为否定句,是考试的重点难点,一定要让孩子掌握。

?如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为否定句呢?

1、看句中有无be动词,如有,直接在be动词后+ not。

2、看句中有无情态动词,如有,直接在情态动词后+ not。

3、如上述二者都没有,就应用助动词+ not。

?肯定句变为否定句,分四个步骤:

(1)肯定陈述句中本来是没有助动词的,要加上去,位置在主语(某人或某物)后,动词前。

(2)确定助动词用do、does还是did,根据句中动词,动词是原形的助动词就用do,动词是第三人称单数的助动词就用does,动词用过去式的助动词就用did。

(3)在助动词后加not。

(4)原句中动词假如发生变化就要恢复成原形。

家长还要向孩子强调一点,有some的要考虑是否要用any。

03

- 一般疑问句-

一般疑问句表示疑问,此类句子回答只有两种可能:Yes,…… 或No,……回答时句中没有疑问词。

句型转换是初中的重点难点,因此,家长要让孩子特别掌握陈述句与疑问句相互转换的规则。

?如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为一般疑问句:

1、看句中有无be动词,如有,把be动词提到句首即可。

2、看句中有无情态动词,如有,把情态动词提到句首即可。

3、如上述二者都没有,就应把助动词提到句首。

?陈述句变一般疑问句,分四个步骤:

(1)肯定陈述句中本来是没有助动词的,要加上去,位置在主语(某人或某物)后,动词前。

(2)确定助动词用do、does还是did,根据句中动词,动词是原形的助动词就用do,动词是第三人称单数的助动词就用does,动词用过去式的助动词就用did。

(3)把助动词提到句首。

(4)原句中动词假如发生变化就要恢复成原形。

和否定句一样,有some的要考虑是否要用any。

04

- 特殊疑问句-

特殊疑问句表示疑问,有疑问词(在开头)。家长应提醒孩子注意的是,此类句子应该问什么就答什么,不能用“yes 、no”来回答。

常用疑问词:What、When、Which、Who、Whose、Why、How

特殊疑问句的出题形式通常是“对划线部分提问”。那么,如何对划线部分提问?

举例:His birthday is on the 5th of May.

1、将原问句翻译为汉语。

翻译:他的生日在五月五日。

2、用汉语对划线部分进行提问。

应该问:他的生日在什么时候?

所以,答案是:When is his birthday?

- 祈使句-

祈使句表示请求或命令别人做某事或不要做某事。

肯定祈使句一定是以动词原形开头(有时有please),否定的祈使句一定是don’t 加动词原形开头(有时有please)。

关于句式转换,把祈使句改为否定句只需在动词前加don’t即可。

最后,总结一下句式变化的要诀,建议家长向孩子强调以下几点:

◇肯定句变否定句:在主语后面加上do not或者does not,其余按顺序照抄,动词用原形。

◇肯定句变一般疑问句:在句首加do或者does并大写,其余照抄。(注意:动词用原形)

◇肯定句变特殊疑问句(就划线部分提问),分3步骤:

第一步:先变一般疑问句

第二步:找合适的特殊疑问词代替划线部分

第三步:特殊疑问词提前放到句首,并大写,其余按顺序照抄,省略划线部分。注意:

1.一定先变一般疑问句。但是,如果问的是主语或主语的定语时,语序不变,为'特殊疑问词(+主语)+陈述句'。

2.划线部分不能在特殊疑问句中出现。

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提分必备冀教版小学英语句型转换方法详解

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