.by+Ving
①—How do you study for a test? I study by working with a group.
by的意思是“通过……的方式”时，后接；
②We usually go to school by bike.
当表示“乘坐”时，后跟；
③English is spoken by many people.
它还可以表示，用于被动语态，引导出动作的发出者。
跟踪练习
1) He goes to school bike. A. by B. on C. in D. at
2)-- How do you study English so well? By lots of books. A. read B. look C. watching D. reading 2. practice doing sth. 练习做某事
eg. We practice ____ English every day.（我们每天练习说英语。）
后面跟动词ing的单词：
完成练习盼望忙finish，practice，look forward to，be busy
考虑建议不禁想consider，suggest，can’t help，feel like
错过习惯（别）放弃miss，be used to，give up
继续喜欢（要）介意keep on，enjoy，mind
4.提建议的方法
怎么样？
(1)What about sth ?=How about sth? …．
sth? 为什么不呢？
(2)Why don’t you do
让我们一起做某事吧。
(3)Let’s do
(4)Shall we/I do sth?我们做…好吗？
(5)You’d better (not)do sth 最好做/不做某事
(6) Will/Would you please do sth 请你做…好吗？
(7)would you like to do sth.你想去做某事吗？
(8)Would you mind (doing)sth？你介意做某事吗？
回答
(1). 同意对方的建议时，一般用：
◆Good idea./ Tha t’s a good idea. 好主意◆OK/ All right./ Great 好/ 行/太好了
是的/ 我愿意◆I agree with you 我同意你的看法◆No problem 没问题
◆Yes, please ./ I’d love to
◆Sure/ Of course/ Certainly 当然可以◆Yes, I think so 对，我也这样想
(2).对对方的帮助或要求表示委婉谢绝时，一般用：
◆I don’t think so 我认为不是这样◆Sorry, I can’t 对不起，我不能◆I’d love to, but…
◆I’m afraid我愿意,但恐怕……
5. too +形容词或副词+ to do sth. 太…..而不能去做某事
他太矮了，而不能够到那个苹果。
He is ______ ________ _______ ________ that apple.
①so …that… 如此…以至于…
The teacher spoke so quickly that I did not understand her most of the time.
It was so hot that we all went for a swim .
②so that 以便，为了
I want to learn new words and more grammar so that I can have a better understanding.
6. a lot 很多，做副词短语，修饰动词，放在动词之后。
I’ve learned a lot that way.
a lot of / lots of 加可数名词复数和不可数名词很多，许多
7、the 比较级，the比较级. 越…越…
The more you read, the faster you will be.
8、find it +形容词+to do 发现做某事……
I find it difficult to learn English.
10. not …at all 一点也不，根本不
I like milk very much,I don't like coffee at all. 我非常喜欢牛奶，我一点也不喜欢咖啡。
11. be / get excited about sth. 对…感兴奋
12. ①end up doing sth : 终止做某事，结束做某事
如：The party ended up singing. 晚会以唱歌而结束。
②end up with sth. 以…结束（注意介词with）
如：The party ended up with her singing. 晚会以她的歌唱而告终。
13. also 也、而且（用于肯定句）常在句子的中间
either 也（用于否定句）常在句末
too 也（用于肯定句）常在句末
14. make mistakes 犯错如：I often make mistakes. 我经常犯错。
15. laugh at sb. 笑话；取笑（某人）如：Don't laugh at me! 不要取笑我！
16.one of +（the+ 形容词最高级）+名词复数形式: …其中之一
如：She is one of the most popular teachers. 她是最受欢迎的教师之一。
17. ①It's +形容词+（for sb. ）to do sth :（对于某人来说）做某事…
如：It's difficult （for me ）to study English. 对于我来说学习英语太难了。
【注】若形容词表示事物特征的，如：easy, difficult, hard, important等，须用介词for。
②It’s +adj. (kind, honest, friendly) + (of sb.) to do sth.
【注】若形容词表示人的性格、品质与特点，如：good, kind, nice, wrong等，用介词of。
【中考链接】
It’
s very convenient ___ us to buy train tickets now because we can buy them either
from the station or on the Internet. (2012山东东营)
A. to
B. of
C. by
D. for
18. decide to do sth. 决定做某事如：LiLei has decided to go to BeiJing . 李雷已经决定去北京。
19. unless 假如不，除非:引导条件状语从句
Even if you learn something well , you will forget it unless you use it.
20.see sb / sth doing 看见某人正在做某事
see sb / sth do 看见某人在做某事
如：She saw him drawing a picture in the classroom. 她看见他正在教室里画画。
21 .regard…as …:把…看作为…
如：The boys regarded Anna as a fool. 这些男孩把安娜看成傻瓜。
22. too many :许多，修饰可数名词如：too many girls
too much :许多，修饰不可数名词如：too much milk
much too :太，修饰形容词如：much too beautiful
23. compare …to …把…与…相比compare with 拿…和…比较
24.instead 代替用在句末，副词instead of sth / doing sth:代替，而不是
如：I will go instead of you. 我将代替你去。
25. join/join in/take part in
(1) join=be a member of 参加, 指加入某种组织，并成为其中的一员。
join the army / party 入伍/党join the club 加入俱乐部
◆join in 后接活动名称
(2) take part in参加，指加入群体活动中并在活动中发挥重要作用。
26. I don’t know how to increase my reading speed.
【解析】“疑问词+动词不定式”作宾语
【注意】what to do后不需要跟宾语
how to do后必须跟宾语
27. Good learners often connect what they need to learn with something interesting.
当表示把两个物体（A和B）连接起来：connect A with B，
其中to表示把A接到B上，
e.g. Connect the speaker to / with the record player, please.
The subway connects the train station and / with the airport.
28. Good learners think about what they are good at and what they need to practice more.
think about 想起，考虑think over 仔细考虑think up 想出来think through 认真地考虑
29. Even if you learn something well, you will forget it unless you use it.
even though=even if 即使, 引导让步状语从句
30. They are not afraid of making mistakes.
(1) be afraid of sth/doing sth害怕做某事，担心（出现某种不良后果）。
(2) be afraid to do sth 害怕去做…, “怕”或“不敢”去做某事。
(3) be afraid +that 恐怕…, 用于礼貌地表达可能令人不愉快的消息。
(4) 回答别人的提问时，可用省略形式I’m afraid so (not)。
31. They even ask each other and try to find out the answers.
(1) try on 试穿
(2) try to do sth. 努力做某事，侧重尽力做
(3) try doing sth. 试图做某事，侧重尝试做
(4) try one’s best to do sth.= do one’s best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力做某事
27. But whether or not you can do this well depends on your learning habits.
whether or not 是从句中的连词，相当于whether, 表示“是否”，常出现在宾语从句。使用时，可把whether和or not 分开，or not放到句尾。
例如:I can’t tell whether or not the teach er likes me. 此句也可以写成: I can’t tell whether the teacher likes me or not. 提升练习根据要求完成句子，每空一词。
1. This boy so young that he can’t do this job. (改为同义句)
This boy is ____ ______ ____ do this job.
2. -- How do you learn Chinese?
-- I learned by _________ a lot of books.
3. —How about _________ in the river with us?
—Sorry, I can’t. My parents often tell me _______that.
A. swim, don’t do
B. swim, to do
C. swimming, not do
D. swimming, not to do
4. The light of the room was _______ dim for Tom_______ read last night.
A. too, to
B. enough, to
C. too, not to
D. not enough, to
5. —I don’t know the meanings of these new words.
—Why not _______ in the dictionary?
A. look it up
B. look them up
C. look up it
D. look up them
6. —Can you tell me why you learn English so well?
—It’s very simple. _______ you work, ________ grades you will get.
A. The harder; the best
B. The hard; the better
C. Harder;better
D. The harder; the better
7. —How do you learn English so well?
—_______ chatting with my uncle in America online.
A. For
B.By
C.In
D. With
笔记
Unit2 I think that mooncakes are delicious!
一、Words
mooncake lantern stranger relative pound folk goddess whoever steal
lay（laid-laid）dessert garden tradition admire tie hunted ghost
trick treat spider Christmas lie(lay-lain ) novel eve dead
business punish warn present warmth spread
二、Phrases
⒈the Water Festival ⒉the Dragon Festival ⒊the Chinese Spring Festival ⒋the Lantern Festival ⒌on the Mid-Autumn Festival ⒍Mother’s / Father’s Day
⒎eat out ⒏give out ⒐lay out
⒑call out ⒒.care about ⒓wash away ⒔shoot down ⒕come back
⒖fly up to ⒗end up ⒘wake up. ⒙dress up ⒚end up
⒛remind sb. of 21 think of 22. in the tradition of 23. in the shape of.
24 . the spirit of 25. the beginning of 26.the importance of 27. play a trick on sb. 28. one …the other … 29. in need 30.not only …but also … 31.put on
32.sound like 33.be similar to 34.each other 35.at night
36.as a result 37. go to…for one’s vacation
三、Sentences
1. What a great day!
2. I know that the Water Festival is really fun.
3. I wonder whether June is a good time to visit HongKong.
4. How pretty the dragon boats were.
5. It is also a good idea to help parents to do something instead.
我认为它们看着很有意思。
6. I think that they’ re fun to watch.
7. What do you like about… ?
8. What do you like best about the Dragon Boat Festival? 关于端午节，你最喜欢什么？
9. How+adj. /adv. + 主+ 谓！
How fantastic the dragon boat teams were! 龙舟队多棒啊！
10. What do/does+sb. + think of sth. ?
What does Wu Yu think of this festival? 吴宇觉得这个节日怎么样？
四、Grammar
⒈宾语从句
⑴宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。三大考点：引导词、时态和语序。
①由连接词+ 主语+ 谓语构成
宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。
eg, He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语)
He asks him how long Mike has been down . (动词宾语)
Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介词宾语)
常由下面的一些词引导：
②由that 引导that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语
和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：
He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.
She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill.
I am sure (that) he will succeed.
③由if , whether 引导表示一般疑问意义(带有是否、已否、对否等)
I don’t know if / whether Wei Hua likes fish. 我不知道韦华是否喜欢鱼。
I want to know if (whether) he lives there.
He asked me whether (if) I could help him.
④由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which、连接副词(疑问词) when, where, why, how引导。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：
Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?
He asked whose handwriting was the best.
Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?
I don’t know why the train is late.
Do you know what he wants to buy?
⑵宾语从句的语序(主语+谓语)
宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如：
Is this your book?
Can you tell me the answer?
Do you like watching TV?
What’s your name?
⑶宾语从句的时态
①如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。
如：I don’t think (that) you are right.
Please tell us where he is.
Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?
②当主句是一般现在时，从句根据情况使用任何时态
当主句是一般过去时，从句应使用过去某时态(一般过去时,过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时) 例如：He asked what time it was.
He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.
He asked if you had written to Peter.
He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.
我不知道她正在唱歌。
I didn’t know that she was singing now.
She wanted to know if I had finished m homework.她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。
Did you know when he would be back? 你知道他将会什么时候回来？
③如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例如：
Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.
Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.
总结：前现在后任何，前过去后过去，前任何后现在。
⒉感叹句结构
感叹句是表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子。一般说来，感叹句是由what 或how 开头的,其余与陈述句结构相同, 句末用感叹句，朗读时用降调。
由what引导的感叹句
what修饰名词或名词短语，有以下两种形式：
⑴What+a(an)+（形容词）+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！如：
What an apple this is!
What a fine day it is!
⑵What+(形容词）+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语！
What kind women they are!
What nice music it is!
由How引导的感叹句。how用来修饰形容词、副词或动词。其结构是：How+形容词（副词）+主语+谓语！
How hard the worker are working!
How clever the girl is!
How quickly the boy is writing!
3. Chinese people have been celebrating the Mid-Autumn Festival and enjoying mooncakes for centuries.
数个世纪以来，中国人一直在庆祝中秋节吃月饼。
have been celebrating是现在完成进行时。其结构为“have/ has been+动词的现在分词”。
现在完成进行时表示动作在迄今为止的一段时间内曾经延续进行或目前仍在继续并有可能一直继续下去，强调动作持续进行的状态。常和“for+时间段”或“since+时间点”连用。
He has been leaning English for five years.他学英语5年了。（还将继续学下去）
I a book.我一直在写一本书。（动作还将继续下去）
4. I heard that it is becoming more and more popular to celebrate Mother’s Day and Father’s Day in China.
我听说在中国庆祝母亲节和父亲节正变得越来越流行。
is becoming是现在进行时结构，表示“正变得；逐渐”。常用于此结构的词还有get , turn等。
“越来越…”表达方式：比较级and 比较级①fatter and fatter ②more and more popular
Look！The sky is becoming .看！天正变得越来越暗。
Father fat. 父亲逐渐变胖了
5. Not only do people spread them around in different hiding places for an egg hunt, but they also give out these
treats as gifts.
人们不仅为了寻找复活节彩蛋游戏而将彩蛋分散到周围不同的藏匿处，而且他们还作为礼物分发他们。
【考点】not only ….but also…“不仅…而且…”
【拓展】not only…but also…. 可以连接句子的主语、谓语、宾语等。
①连接主语：Not only I but also he has been to the Great Wall。（就近一致原则）
②连接谓语：I can not only sing but also dance。
③连接宾语：He wants not only two apples but also three bananas。
【演练】Not only the students but also the teacher ________ soccer.
A. like
B. likes
C. liking
D. to like
一、单项选择:
( ) 1. — The Dragon Boat races are so exciting, but our boat is still behind.
—Don’t worry. I am sure ________ our team will win!
A. if
B. that
C. whether
D. why
( ) 2. Mary used ______up late, but now she is used _______ up early.
A. to get, to get
B. to get, to getting
C. to getting, to getting
D. to getting, to get
( ) 3. He decides _________his life and promises _______ a better person.
A. to change, to be
B. changing, being
C. changing, to be
D. to change, being
( ) 4. They_______ a test in two weeks.
A. will have
B. have
C. are having
D. had
( ) 5. —_____ heavy the rainstorm is!
—Yes, the town has experienced the most serious flood during the past ten years.
A. How
B. What
C. How a
D. What a
( ) 6. He asked _____ I would come to his birthday party or not. I smiled at him and said “yes”
A. that
B. what
C. whether
D. if
( ) 7. —__________beautiful skirt ! —Thank you .
A. What
B. What a
C. How
D. How a
( ) 8. We will have two family parties this autumn. One is at Halloween and____ is at Thanksgiving.
A. other
B. the other
C. another
D. the others
( )9. ---He dressed up ________a ghost last night. How scary!
---Take it easy! He just played a trick ________us.
A. in, on
B. in, in
C. as, on
D. as, in
( )10. (兰州中考)He ate a lot and did little exercise，so he ________10 pounds.
A. put on
B. put away
C. put out
D. put off
( )11.Some of my classmates decided _______ to the football match.
A. went
B. to go
C. going
D. go
( )12. Mike was ______ scared that he couldn’t help crying.
A. too
B. enough
C. so
D. such
( )13. Have you found the poor dog yet?
-- Yes. But he was when we found him. The bad weather killed him.
A. dying
B. died
C. dead
D. die
( )14. -- Can you spare time to come to our Thanksgiving party?
-- Well, I don’t know
A. that I can finish my work by then
B. if can I finish the work by then
C. whether I can finish the work by then
D. that can I finish the work by then
( )15.After a 3-week winter vacation, students usually some weight when they return to school.
A. put away
B. put up
C. put in
D. put on
( )16.-- Can we visit Hong Kong this summer holiday?
-- I wonder it is the best time to go there.
A. if
B. when
C. what
D. how
( )17. -- Yesterday there were many people in the park I almost lost my way.
-- It was the May Day holiday. Lots of people wanted to have fun there.
A. quite; that
B. so; that
C. enough; that
D. very; that
( )18.Mom warned Jeff ______ too much time on the Internet, but he didn't listen to her.
A. to spend
B. not to spend
C. spending
D. not spending
( )19.I don't know ______ Larry will come to the party. If he comes, I'll let you know as soon as possible.
A. whether
B. why
C. that
D. how
( )20.We'll plant trees tomorrow, but I don't know if ______.
A. did Nick join us
B. Nick joined us
C. will Nick join us
D. Nick will join us ( )21.______ fantastic film Zootopia is! Many children like to watch it.
A. What
B. What a
C. How
D. How a
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. What is the true ______________(mean) or spirit of Christmas?
2. It is a famous short novel _________(write) by Charles Dickens.
3. He ___________(happy) celebrate Christmas with his family.
4. Do you know the ______________(important) of sharing and giving love and joy to people around us?
5. He decides _____________(change) his life and promises to be a better man.
6. Hens lay eggs, ______________(give) birth to life, so an egg is a symbol of new life.
Unit 3 Could you tell me where the restrooms are ?
一、知识点总结
1. make a telephone call 打电话
2. save money 省钱、存钱
3. ①问路常用的句子：
Do you know where is …?
Can you tell me how I can get to …？
Could you tell me how to get to …？
②Can/Could/Will/Would you please tell me sth. 表示十分客气地询问事情
③Could you tell me how to get to the park? 请你告诉我怎么才能去邮局好吗？
how to get to the park是疑问词与动词不定式连用，用作宾语，相当于how I can get to the park（宾语从句）I don't know how to solve the problem ==I don't know how I can solve the problem. 我不知道如何解决这个问题Can you tell me when to leave? ==Can you tell me when I will leave? 你能告诉我什么时候离开？
4. 日常交际用语：
take the elevator / escalator to the …floor.乘电梯/自动扶梯到…楼
turn left / right == take a left / right 向左/ 右转
go straight 向前直走（straight这个词经常考）
5. next to 旁边、紧接着（常见短语）
Lily is next to Ann. 莉莉就在安的旁边。
6. between …and…在…和…之间（重中之重...）
Lily is between Ann and Tom. 莉莉就在安和汤姆的之间。
7. decide to do 决定做…（重点用法，记着decide后面要用不定式to do）
She decided to go to have lunch. 她决定去吃午餐。
make a decision 做个决定(常见短语)
8. Is that a good place to hang out? 那是不是一个闲荡的好地方？
上面句子中的to hang out修饰前面的名词place,是不定式作定语。
如There are something to eat. 这有吃的东西。句子中的to eat修饰代词something,作定语。
9. kind of +adj/adv. 译为“有点、一点”（常见短语）
She is kind of shy. 她有点害羞。
10. It is not convenient for me to ring him up now.我现在不方便给他打电话。
convenient adj.便利的；方便的其反义词为inconvenient；
句型：It’s convenient for sb. to do sth
11. It might seem more difficult to speak politely than to be direct.有礼貌地说话好像比直接地表达更难。
seem是系动词，意为“似乎；好像”；形容词比较级more difficult作seem的表语。
seem的搭配1）seem + adj 2) seem + n. 3) seem + to do sth. 4) It seems / seemed + that 从句。
12. take a vacation == go on a vacation 去度假
13. dress up 打扮dress up as 打扮成
He wanted to dress up as Father Christmas. 他想要打扮成圣诞老人。
14. on the beach 在海滩上，介词用on
15. politely adv. 有礼貌地polite adj. 有礼貌的
It’s polite to do sth.
16. depend on :根据、依靠、依赖、决定于
Living things depend on the sunlight.生物对阳光有依赖性。
That depends on how you did it. 那决定于你怎样做这件事。
It all depends on the weather. 这取决于天气。
17. prefer 动词，更喜欢、宁愿。常用的结构有：
prefer sth. 更喜欢某事I prefer English. 我更喜欢英语。
prefer to do 宁愿做某事I prefer to sit . 我宁愿坐着。
prefer sth to sth. 同…相比更喜欢…I prefer dogs to cats. 与猫相比我更喜欢狗。
prefer doing to doing 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事
I prefer walking to sitting. 我宁愿走路也不愿坐着
prefer to do rather than do 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事
I prefer to work rather than be free. 我宁愿工作而不愿闲着。
18. 一方面：on one hand，on the other hand 另一方面
19. 把…借给某人：lend sb. sth. == lend sth to sb.（反义词：borrow…from..）
Lily lent me her book == Lily lent her book to me . 莉莉把她的书借给了我。
20. such as 例如
21. I'm sorry to do sth. 对做某事我觉得很抱歉、伤心。
I am sorry to hear that…
22. in a way 在某种程度说by the way 顺便说
在某人去……的路上
on one’s way to…
23. in order to 为了…，表目的。
He got up early in order to catch the first bus. 他起早床，是为了赶上头班公共汽车。
24. 同级比较：as…as
①as + 形容词/ 副词原级+ as , 表示“和…一样的…”“…和…一样的…”
He works as hard as we. 他工作和我们同样努力。
25. Could you please…用于礼貌地提出请求，语气较委婉，其后跟动词原形。
请你打扫一下你的房间，好吗？Could you please clean your room?
We are going for a picnic tomorrow. I'll call Wendy to make sure________．
A．why to start B．when to start C．what to start D．which to start
26. I suggest Water City Restaurant in Water World. 我建议去水上世界的水城餐馆。
suggest 及物动词，建议，提议；名词，suggestion
1) suggest sth 建议/ 提议某事
他提议散散步。He ____________ ________ _____________.
2) suggest doing sth. 建议做某事
他提议骑车去那儿。He ____________ ___________ there _________ __________.
3) suggest + that 引导宾语从句，宾语从句的谓语动词要用“should + 动词原形。
他建议我们应该立刻做这件事。He __________ _________ we ___________ do it at once.
27. Parson me, do you know if there is a restaurant around here?对不起，你知道这周围是否有餐馆吗？
Pardon me = Excuse me 请问，劳驾，打扰一下
Pardon？/ I beg your pardon. 用升调来读。什么请再说一遍。
28、关于几个花费
①spend（主语通常是人）
sb. spend some time / money in doing sth.
Sb. Spend some time /money on sth.
②cost（主语通常是物）
Sth. cost sb. some money.
③take (主语通常是it作形式主语)
It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.
④pay （主语通常是人）
sb. pay some money for sth.
三、练习题
用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.I’ looking forward to(see) you again.
2.Would you like (go)to a movie with us tonight?
3.We should speak to the old (polite).
4.I don’t know how long he spent(drive) a car to shanghai yesterday.
5.Thank you very much for (tell) e the truth.
6.Mount Tai is a better (choose) to go to.
7.He drove his car in the (direct) of Beijing.
8.When we have a meeting, we should listen to the (speak) carefully.
9.It’s sunny today, let him(go) swimming.
选择题
( )1.Tom never went to bed he finished his homework last night.
A.because
B.if
C.until
D.while
( )2. —I don’t know next.
—Let’s ask our teacher for help.
A. what to do
B. what should I do
C. how to do
D. how I should do
( )3.—Could you tell me________ ?
—Talking about festivals.
A．how they are playing B．what they are doing
C．where they are going D．why they are practicing
( )4. — Whom would you for the job?
—Tom, I think. He’s always careful and serious.
A. suggest
B. remind
C. remember
D. explain
( )5.—Excuse me.Could you tell me the way ________ the nearest supermarket?
—Go down the street and turn left.Then you'll see it.
A．to B．of C．in D．at
( )6.Our teacher told us to the old.
A. to be polite
B. were polite
C. to polite
D. to be politely
( )7.On my way home, I pass a fruit shop every day.
A. to, by
B. to, past
C.\, by
D. of, for
( )8.She sang a song I believe I can fly in Yangzhou English Classics Reading Contest.I have never heard a ________voice than that before.
A．good B．well C．better D．best
( )9. —Can you tell me ________ to London?
—Sure.Next month.
A．when you will travel B．when will you travel C．when you travelled D．when did you travel
( )10. There are floors in the building and my home is on the floor.
A. twenty; fifteenth
B. twenty; fifteen
C. twentieth; fifteen
D. twentieth; fifteenth
( )11. —I am worried about______.
—Whatever the result is, don't be too hard on yourself.
A. how have I prepared for my final exams
B. if I can get great grades in the final exams
C. that my school team lost the game because of my fault
D. why did my school team lose the game
( )12. We all suggest______ a birthday party for our dear teacher.
A. to have
B.having
C.have D．that to have
( )13.Both Mary and Lucy are ______ the new movie which is directed by Guo Jingming.
A.look forward to watching
B.looking forward to watching
C.looking forward to watch
D.look forward to watch
( )14.No one can make Jerry ______ his idea. He is so stubborn, you know.
A.to changing B．changing C.change D．changed
( )15.I some of my free time playing basketball for my school team.
A.spend
B. cost
C. take
D. pay
( )16. — The game is too hard for me. I will certainly lose.
—You never say no before you try.
A. Forget it!
B. I’m sorry.
C. Come on!
D. Pardon me?
( )17.The expressions they use might whom they are speaking to or how well they know each other.
A. instead of
B. lead in to
C. because of
D. depend on
( ) 18.
( )19.It’s always busy, so come earlier to get a table.
A. a bit of
B. a little
C. very
D. more
( )20.The bookstore is your right, beside the bank.
A. in
B. at
C. on
D. of
Unit 4
I used to be afraid of the dark.
一、Knowledge summary 1. used to +V(原形) 过去常常做……（只用于过去时）
eg. I used to be short.
Tina used to have red and curly hair. Did he use to wear glasses? Yes, he did. / No, he didn ’t .
be used to do sth. 被用来做某事be / get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事反意疑问句
（反义疑问句遵循这样一个原则，前肯定后否定，前否定后肯定）
①肯定陈述句+否定提问如：Lily is a student, isn't she?
②否定陈述句+肯定提问如：She doesn't come from China, does she? ③提问部分用代词而不用名词如：Lily is a student, isn't she?
④陈述句中含有否定意义的词，如：little, few, never, nothing, hardly 等，其反意疑问句用肯定式如：He knows little English, does he?
他一点也不懂英语，不是吗？They hardly understood it, did they? 他们几乎不明白，不是吗？
口诀：反义问句要点三，前后谓语正相反。
附加问句not 现，必须缩写是习惯。最后一点应注意，问句主语代词换。回答反义疑问句，答案含义是依据，肯定事实用yes ，否定事实用
no 替。
2.辨析：①What is she like? She is quiet and a little shy. ②What does he look like? He has short hair.
3.helpful
adj.有用的，有帮助的
be helpful to sb.对某人有帮助
4.①adj./adv.+ enough to do sth. Eg. He is old enough to join the army. ②enough + n.
Eg. He has enough money to buy these books. ③so …that , enough to
…，与too …to 同义句转换
Tom is so clever that he can work out the math problem. =Tom is clever enough to work out the math problem. 在否定句中，可以与
too …to 互换
The man is so old that he can ’t go to work.
= The man isn
’t young enough to go to work.
= The man is too old to go to work. 5. from time to time 时常，有时，不时
6. It ’s b een +一段时间+since+从句. 自从……以来已经有多长时间了
多用于提问人的性格、品质等。用于提问人的长相，外貌等。
It‘s been five years since I began to learn English.
= It is five years since I began to learn English.(从句用一般过去时态，主句用完成时)
7. I interviewed 19-year-old Asian pop star Candy Wang.
an eight-year-old girl （名词都要用单数）一个八岁的女孩
8. take up doing sth. 开始做……
9.dare to do 敢于做某事dare通常不用于进行时。
10.in front of 在……前面，表示在某一物体外部的前面
in the front of 在……前部，表示在某一物体内部的前面
eg. The teacher stands in the front of the whole class.
In front of classroom, there is a tree.
11.①be interested in sth. 对…感兴趣
②be interested in doing sth. 对做…感兴趣
12.in the last few years. 在过去的几年内，常与完成时连用如：
I have lived in China in the last few years. 在过去的几年内我在中国住.
13.be different from 与…不同be similar to the same as
14.it seems that +从句看起来好像……
It seems that he has changed a lot. 看起来他好像变了许多。
15. can't afford to do sth. 支付不起……
can't afford sth. 支付不起…
如：I can't afford to buy the car. / I can't afford the car. 我买不起这个辆小车。
16. as + 形容词/副词+ as sb+could/can 尽某人的…能力
如：She runs as fast as she could/can. 她尽她最快的能力去跑。
17. I always have to worry about how I appear to others, and I have to be very careful about what I say or do . worry about 为……担心，为……担忧、烦恼
18. private time 私人时间private car 私家车private diaries 私密日记
19. be prepared to do sth 准备做某事；愿意做某事
Eg. You have to be prepared to give up your normal life.
20. You really require a lot of talent and hard work to succeed.
require+sth 需要某物require sb. to do 要求某人做某事require+that 从句
21. give a speech in public 当众做演讲
22. it is hard to believe that从句很难相信……
Eg. It is hard to believe that he used to have difficulties in school.
23. have an influence on sb. 对某人有影响
24. be absent from 缺席的，不在场的
25. She advised them to talk with their son in person.
advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事suggest+doing
这正是我所需要的……
26. It was exactly what I needed……
27. be always doing sth. 总是做某事
28.take pride in = be proud of 为……感到骄傲
be proud to do sth. 为做某事感到骄傲
29. do well in= be good at +Ving 擅长做……
30. decide to do = make a decision to do
31.give up doing sth. 放弃做某事
如：My father has given up smoking. 我爸爸已经放弃吸烟了。
32.不再①no more =no longer 如：I play tennis no more.我不再打网球。
②not …any more = not …any longer 如：I don't play tennis any longer. 我不再打网球。
跟堂测验
1. Steve has to go to an important meeting tonight, so he will be absent ______ your birthday party.
A. about
B. with
C. for
D. from
2. Mr. Steen is very busy. He ______ comes back home before 10:00 p.m.
A.seldom
B. always
C. often
D. usually
3. These activities ______ good health. If you are not healthy enough, you can't join in them.
A. interview
B. review
C. influence
D. require
4.Billy still felt weak. The doctor advised him ______ in bed for another few days.
A. to stay
B. stay
C. to staying
D. staying
5. Wu Fang lost the ticket, so she failed ______ the film The Jungle Book last night.
A. watching
B. to watching
C. watch
D. to watch
6.Kobe Bryant said goodbye to 20-year NBA career (职业生涯) with a 60-point night. All basketball fans ______ him.
A. look forward to
B. take pride in
C. pay attention to
D. take care of
7.Uncle Li ______ to his office in the morning, but now he ______ to work by bike.
A. used to drive; is used to go
B. used to driving; is used to go
C. used to drive; is used to going
D. used to driving; is used to going
8. Doing eye exercises ______ one of the best ways to protect our eyes.
A. is
B. are
C. has
D. have
9. His mother ______________ quarrel with his father, but now they get along well with each other because of him.
A. was used to
B. used to
C. got used to
D. was used for
10. What I experienced in the poor mountain villages ________________ my life and decision about future.
A. caused
B. influenced
C. appeared
D. fought
11. Mr Green used to live in Beijing with his daughter, ________________?
A. did he
B. didn’t he
C. did she
D. didn’t she
12. —Has Mike received his mother’s mail?
—Yes, he signed for it ________________ this morning.
A. in person
B. in fact
C. in silence
D. in hurry
13. —Peter, you got to school by taxi?
—Oh, I ________________ take a taxi to school, but my bike needs repairing today.
A. usually
B. sometimes
C. never
D. seldom
14. The girl has walked to school since she was 7 years old. Now she ________________ going to school on foot.
A. used to
B. was used to
C. is used to
D. is used for
15. —________________ my surprise, Jin Ming was chosen into our school football team.
ayer —Congratulations. He did well ________________ playing football when he was very young. I hope he’ll be the best p
in our school.
A. To；of
B. At；at
C. To；in
D. In；about
16. We advise parents ________________ their children at home alone in order to keep them away from danger.
A. not leave
B. not to leave
C. leave
D. to leave
cle is a scientist. She is proud ________________ him.
17. Jenny’s un
A. from
B. at
C. in
D. of
18. —________________ you ________________ take a bus to school?
—Yes. But now I usually go to school on foot.
A. Did；use to
B. Do；used to
C. Do；use to
D. Did；used to
19. As a reporter, I want to ________________ Ma Yun about how to become the richest man in China.
A. require
B. repeat
C. admire
D. interview
20. —Li Ming won first prize in this chess competition.
—Really? His parents must ________________ him.
A. look after
B. wake up
C. be angry with
D. take pride in
21. We still couldn’t decide ________________ with our difficulties in learning English.
A. what to solve
B. how to solve
C. what to deal
D. how to deal
22.—Why are you standing there, Mingming?
—Two tall boys are sitting ________________ me, so I can’t see the blackboard clearly.
A. behind
B. next to
C. in front of
D. beside
23. —Is Paul still afraid of high places?
—________________.
A. I think so
B. I don’t agree
C. I hope so
D. I don’t mind
笔记
Unit 5 What are the shirt made of ?
一、Knowledge Summary
1. glasss [U] 玻璃[C] 玻璃杯two glasses
glasses 眼镜 a pair of glasses
2.
be made of 用……制成的指从制成品中能看出原材料或制作过程中发生的物理变化
be made from 用……制成的指从制成品中看不出原材料或制作过程中发生的是化学变化
be made in 在……制作的后面可加时间和地点
be made by 由……制造的后面加人
The chair is made of wood.
The paper is made from wood.
The paper is made in that factory.
The chair is made by the workers.
3.be famous for 以……闻名= be known for China is famous for the Great Wall.
be famous as 作为……而出名Wang Junkai is famous as a singer.
4. As far as I know, tea plants are grown on the sides of mountains.
as far as I know （see）据我所知As far as I know, he has been abroad.
grow 种植，成长grow up 长大
5. It seems that many people all over the world drink Chinese tea.
①It seems that从句看起来……，似乎……，好像……
It seems that it will be rain.
②seem (to be )+adj. 似乎……，好像……
You seem to be unhappy.
③seem to do 似乎做……，好像做……
Your teacher seem to know that.
6. People say that tea is good for both health and business.
be good for 对……有益Doing morning exercises is good for you.
be good at 擅长I am good at playing basketball.
be good with 善于应付的……，与……相处的好He is good with children.
7. both…and 两者都，既……又，后加动词原形
Both he and I are from Beijing.
否定为neither…nor 后面动词是“就近原则”
Neither he nor I am from Beijing.
Neither he nor they are from Beijing.
8. No matter what you may buy, you might think those products were made in those countries.
no matter 不论，无论与what，who，when，where，how等疑问词
9. He found it interesting that so many products in the local shops were made in China.
find it + 形容词+ that 从句发现… it为形式宾语，that引导的从句为真正的宾语
10. He realized that Americans can hardly avoid buying products made in China.
hardly 几乎不，几乎没有，表达否定含义
avoid+Ving 避免做某事，回避做某事
He avoide answering my question.
11. sb. be allowed to do sth. 某人被允许做某事Passengers are not allowed to smoke.
allow sb. to do 允许做某事The teacher allowed him to go into the classroom.
12. We are paid by the boss on the last Friday (在最后一个星期五)of each month.
介词on，at，in 表示时间的用法
①at 常用于时刻前，或固定用法中
at nine o’clock at noon at night
②在某一天用介词on，在日期，星期几，节日前，或在某一天的上午，下午或晚上
on November 1st on Monday on Children’s Day on Monday moring
③in 用在月份，季节，年份等前面，也可表示在早上，下午，晚上
in May in summer in 2017 in the moring/afternoon/evening
Lang lang’s concert is three o’clock the afternoon of December 18th.
is covered by (被…覆盖)water.
13. Most of the earth’s surface
14. learn to do 学习做某事learn from 向…学习learn…by oneself 自学learn about 了解，知道
①You must learn to drive a car. ②We must learn from Lei Feng .
③He learns French by himself. ④The more you learn about Chinese, the more you enjoy living in China.
15. According to Chinese history, sky lanterns were first used by Zhuge Kongming.
according to 根据，按照，to 为介词，后面加Ving
be used by 被……使用
Computers are used by many people all over the world.
16. He sent them out to ask for help when in trouble.
send out 放出，派遣，发射（过去式：）
in trouble 处于困境中in danger 处于危险中in silence 默默地
17. rise into 上升到…中when the lanterns are lit, they slowly rise into the air like small hot-air balloons for all to see.
18. be seen as 被…视作the symbol of / a symbol of …的象征
19. at a very high heat 以高温，用高温After drying, they are fired at a very high heat.
20. It takes 某人+ 一段时间to do …… It takes me half an hour to go to school by bike.
二、Grammar Learning
1. 语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。
①主语是动作的发出者(执行者)为主动语态。
如：The tall boy often hits his classmates （主语boy是谓语动词hit的发出者）。
②主语是动作的接受者（承受者）为被动语态。汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成
如：Chinese is spoken by the most people in the world（主语Chinese是谓语动词speak的接受者）。
2. 基本句型结构：be +及物动词过去分词说明：be 有时态，人称和数的变化。
3. 主动语态变被动语态：
①把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。
②把主动语态的谓语变成被动语态的be + 过去分词，时态要与原句保持一致。
③把主动语态的主语变为介词by 的宾语，放在被动语态里谓语动词之后，by 短语可以省略。
口诀：主变宾，动词变be done，
宾变主，by 人称跟在后。
肯定句主语+am / is / are + 过去分词+ 其他The kite is made by Mary.
一般疑问句及
答语am / is / are +主语+ 过去分词+ 其他Is the kite made by Mary？肯定回答：
否定回答：
否定句主语+am / is / are +not+ 过去分词+ 其
他
The kite is not made by Mary.
当堂检测
1. -- Is the ring made of silver?
-- Yes. It is made of best silver in our factory.
A. a; the
B. /; the
C. a; /
D. /; a
2. -- The wall of our building is made of .
-- That’s good. So the room will be bright.
A. glass
B. steel
C. wood
D. paper
3. If our government ________ attention to controlling food safety now, our health ________ in danger.
A. won't pay; is
B. doesn't pay; is
C. won't pay; will be
D. doesn't pay; will be
4.China has many special forms of traditional art, sky lanterns, paper cutting and Chinese clay art.
A. such as
B. instead of
C. except for
D. because of
5. I’ll finish the job, how long it takes.
A. until
B. unless
C. no matter
D. even though
6. -- How clean and tidy your bedroom is!
balloon
scissor
lively
form
compete
—Thanks. It ___every day.
A. cleans
B. cleaned
C. is cleaned
D. was cleaned 7. The ring is made _______ silver and it is made _______ France.
A. of; by
B. of; in
C. into; by
D. into; in
8. The Internet makes _______ possible for people to send and receive information at great speed and little cost. A. them B. that
C. this
D. it
9. Be more careful, Ben. Try your best to avoid _______ the same mistake. A. to make B. making C. make D. to making 10.Pingyao lies in central Shanxi Province. It _______ its old city walls and streets. A. is good at
B. is good for
C. is known as
D. is known for
11. —How about going to the wildlife park this weekend, Jane?
—_______. I'm looking forward to going there. A. Yes, I think so
B. Yes, that's true
C. That sounds interesting
D. Have a nice time
12. You can ask your teacher _______ help when you are in trouble.
A. at
B. for
C. with
D. of
13. In our country, red lanterns are seen ______ symbols of happiness and good wishes. A. from B. as
C. to
D. for
14. My sister spent most of her pocket money _______ fine clothes.
A. buy
B. bought
C. to buy
D. buying
15.—There are dark clouds, and the wind is blowing strongly.—It that a typhoon is coming.
A. feels
B. sounds
C. seems
D. looks
16. Last night Miss Smith told us a
story.
A. living
B. live
C. lively
D. alive
17. Every year, more than 70,000,000 sharks
for their fins(鱼翅).
A. were killed
B. have killed
C. are killed
D. will kill
18. --- Look at the sign on the right.
--- Oh, parking here.
A. doesn't allow
B. isn't allowed
C. didn't allowed
D. wasn't allowed 从方框中选出合适的词,并用其适当形式填空
1.The words “elevator ”and “lift ”are different in but identical in meaning.
2.These are from different cities and they are going to enter the singing competition.
3.I saw some colorful floating in the sky.
4.She ’s a
child and popular with the students.
5.My mother is using a pair of to cut a bunch of grapes off.
a. People used to 46 out sky lanterns when they
were in trouble. But today, people light the lanterns and watch them 47
into the sky with their wishes.
b. The art of paper cutting 48
a simple thing like a piece of paper
49 a beautiful piece of art. People often
50
these art pieces 51 the doors, windows and walls of their homes to celebrate the Spring Festival. c. To make Chinese clay art, the clay is shaped by hand into things
52
as cute children or characters from Chinese
such, turn, on, be, allowed, send, cover, rise, put, into
fairy tales and stories. They are then 53 with paint.
d. The classroom 54 cleaned by the students every day.
e. Children under18 aren’t
55 to watch this show without their parents.
46. __________ 47. __________ 48. __________ 49. __________ 50. __________
51. __________ 52. __________ 53. __________ 54. __________ 55. __________
情景七选五请阅读下面一段对话，根据其情景，从方框内七个选项中选出能填入对话的五个选项。
Ben：Wow，what a beautiful vase(花瓶)!
Molly：1.______ It took me two days to make it.
Ben：2.______ Molly：Yes，I made it at home. Ben：That's fantastic.3.______
Molly：First，I put some pieces of paper into water.Then I gently glued(粘贴) them onto a plastic bottle.After they became dry and hard，the bottle became a paper vase.
Ben：4.______ Do you mind making one for me?
Molly：5.______ I'll make one for you the day after tomorrow.
Ben：That's very nice of you.
A．Thank you. B．Of course not. C．Who made it?
D．Sounds interesting. E．How did you make it?
F．Where did you make it? G．You made it by yourself?
Unit 6 When was it invented ?
一、Knowledge Summary
1. C an you / C ould you ……？你能……吗？
肯定回答：Sure，I’d love / like to. / With pleasure.
否定回答：Sorry，I can’t. / I am sorry, but…
2. such + a/an + adj. + n. so + adj. + a/an + n.
some / any / no + such + n. so many / much / few / little + n.
It is really such a great invention.
I am sorry that I have no such books.
My father bought so lovely a dog.
He has so many books in his room.
3. Well, you do seem to have a point. 有道理，表示赞同别人的看法或观点
You have a point there. = I agree with you.
4. how tea was invented by accident. 茶是怎么被偶然发明的
by accident 偶然地，意外地I met her by accident in a crowded car.
5. it is said that…
据说，有人说
It is said that they have won the game.
类似的句型还有，it is believed that……
人们认为it is reported that 据报道
It is known that……
众所周知……it is supposed that 据猜测
6. 辨析some time，sometimes，some times与sometime
some time 一段时间，提问用how long
sometimes频率副词，有时，提问用how often
some times 几次，几倍提问用how many times
sometime 某时，表示不确切或不具体的时间，提问用when eg. I need some time to do my homework. 口诀：分开“一段时间”（some time）相聚“某个时候”（sometime）
分开s是“倍，次”（some times）相聚s是“有时”（sometimes）
She comes to visit us sometime Lucy has been to Beijing some times.
Jack will leave for America sometime next week. 7.one of the world
‘s favorite drinks was invented
one of 后接复数名词，意为“……之一”，做主语时后面的动词用单数。
One of them is good at English.
8. a few thousand years later
/
two thousand /
two thousand students
/
thousands of ①thousand 前表示不确切数目的词，如 a few, some, several 等，thousand 用原形
②表示确切的词时，用基数词加
thousand
③thousand 与具体的数字连用时，其后不加
s ，也不能与of 连用
④thousand 与of 连用时，表示不确切的数目，其后要加s
9. The tea trade fromChina to Western countries took place in the 19
th
century.
take place 发生，出现，举行有被动语态，一般指非偶然性的事件发生
happen 发生，碰巧
没有被动语态和进行时态
一般用于偶然或突发性事件
in the 19th
century 在19世纪in the 1980s 在20世纪80年代10. the popularity of
……
的普及This helped to spread the popularity of tea 。11. without doubt 毫无疑问，的确12. at a low price 以低价13. translate
……into 把……翻译成
Different writers translated the book into different languages.
14. Potato chips were invented by mistake.（错误地，无意中）15. in the end 最后，最终at the end of 在……尽头，在……结束时
by the end of 在……以前，到……为止
16. divide into
… →被动为：be divided into
divede the man into two teams
17. At the same time, they need to stop the competing team from getting the ball into their own basket. need to do 需要做某事
at the same time 同时
stop from doing sth. 阻止做某事
18. dream of / about doing sth. 梦想做某事
Many young people dream of becoming famous players.
19. Many young people look up to these basketball heroes and want to become like them. look up to
钦佩，仰慕
hero 复数为es ( 黑人Negro 英雄hero 爱吃西红柿tomato 土豆potato)
20. These stars encourage young people to work hard to achieve their dreams . encourage to do sth, 鼓励某人做某事achieve one
’s dream 实现某人的梦想
21. a professional basketball player 二、Grammar Focus 一般过去时的被动语态
1.构成：主语+was/ were + 动词过去分词+其他The desk was made by my father yesterday.
They were invented by Julie Thompson.
否定句：主语+was/ were not + 动词过去分词+其他一般疑问句：Was/ Were +主语+ 动词过去分词+其他? 肯定回答：
否定回答：
类似的词还有：
hundred ，million ，billion
2017新人教版九年级英语全册知识点归纳 Unit 1 How can we become good learners? 短语总结: 1. good learners 优秀的学习者 2. work with friends 和朋友一起学习 3. study for a test 备考 4.have conversations with 与……交谈 5.speaking skills 口语技巧 6.a little 有点儿 7.at first 起初起先 8.the secret to......， .......的秘诀 9.because of 因为 10.as well 也 11.look up (在词典中等)查阅；抬头看 12.so that 以便，为了 13.the meaning of ……的意思 14.make mistakes 犯错误 15.talk to 交谈 16.depend on 依靠依赖 17.in common 共有的 18.pay attention to 注意关注 19.connect ……with ……把……联系 20.for example 例如 21.think about 考虑 22.even if 即使尽管纵容23.look for 寻找 24.worry about 担心担忧 25.make word cards 制作单词卡片 26.ask the teacher for help 向老师求助 27.read aloud 大声读 28.spoken english 英语口语 29.give a report 作报告 30.word by word 一字一字地 31.so……that 如此……以至于 32.fall in love with 爱上 33.something interesting 有趣的事情 34.take notes 记笔记 35.how often 多久一次 36.a lot of 许多 37.the ability to do sth. 做某事的能力 38.learning habits 学习习惯 39.be interested in 对……感兴趣 40.get bored 感到无聊 41.be good at 在……方面擅长 42.be afraid of 害怕 43.each other 彼此互相 44.instead of 代替而不是 二.用法集萃 1. by doing sth 通过做某事 2.it +be+adj+to do sth 做某事是……的 3.finish doing sth 完成某事 4.what about doing sth？做某事怎么样？ 5.try to do sth 尽力做某事 6.the +比较近，the+比较近越……，就越…… 7.find it+adj+to do sth 发现做某事 8.be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事 9.help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事10.practice doing sth 练习做某事 11.keep doing sth 一直做某事 12.be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事 13.begin to do sth 开始做某事 14.want to do sth 想要做某事 15.need to do sth 需要做某事 16.remember to do sth 记得做某事 17.shoot 射（射着，射死等表结果） 18.shoot at（瞄准）射
人教版九年级全册英语重点语法知识点复习提纲 一. 介词by的用法（Unit-1重点语法） 1. 意为“在……旁”，“靠近”。 Some are singing and dancing under a big tree. Some are drawing by the lake. 有的在大树下唱歌跳舞。有的在湖边画画儿。 2. 意为“不迟于”，“到……时为止”。 Your son will be all right by supper time. 你的儿子在晚饭前会好的。 How many English songs had you learned by the end of last term? 到上个学期末你们已经学了多少首英语歌曲? 3. 表示方法、手段,可译作“靠”、“用”、“凭借”、“通过”、“乘坐”等。 The monkey was hanging from the tree by his tail and laughing. 猴子用尾巴吊在树上哈哈大笑。 The boy’s father was so thankful that he taught Edison how to send messages by railway telegraph. 孩子的父亲是那么的感激,于是他教爱迪生怎样通过铁路电报来传达信息。 4. 表示“逐个”，“逐批”的意思。 One by one they went past the table in the dark. 他们一个一个得在黑暗中经过这张桌子。 5. 表示“根据”，“按照”的意思。 What time is it by your watch? 你的表几点了? 6. 和take , hold等动词连用，说明接触身体的某一部分。 I took him by the hand. 我拉住了他的手。
人教版高一英语知识点梳理五篇精选 高中学习容量大，不但要掌握目前的知识，还要把高中的知识与初中的知识溶为一体才能学好。在读书、听课、研习、总结这四个环节都比初中的学习有更高的要求。 人教版高一英语知识点1 重点单词 minister continent eastward surround harbor extremely settle within border figure terrify official wealthy distance flow downtown tradition broad bush fall schoolmate approximately coast measure chat rapidly scenery manager complete aboard nearby cowboy prize realize slightly distant urban port fresh tour cross confirm coast 重点短语 be/go on a trip rather than catch sight of as well as because of go on a tour of go through as far as be surrounded by settle down have a gift for at dawn be close to figure out in the distance
重点句子 1. … there was frost on the ground, confirming that fall had arrived in Canada. 2. The thought that they could cross the whole continent was exciting. Some people have the idea that you can …., but they forget the fact that …. 3. People say it is Canada’s most beautiful city, surrounded by mountains and the Pacific Ocean. 4. It’s so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 meters. 5. The next stop was Calgary, which is famous for the Calgary Stampede. 6. The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great Lakes. 7. … they could see the misty cloud that rose from the great Niagara Falls, which is on the south side of the lake.
初中英语知识归纳总结 第一课时名词 一、概述 1、名词的属性：表示人或事物的名称抽象概念的词叫名词。 2、名词分普通名词和专有名词。普通名词是表示某一类人或事物，或某种物体或抽象概念的名称。如：teacher, desks, plates, milk, box等，专有名词表示某一特定的人、事物、地方团体、党派、国家机关、语言、节日等专用的名称。（运用）如：China, Chinese, Saturday, June, Green, Beijing, Olympic等。（专有名词的第一个字母要大写） 二、可数名词与不可数名词 1、可数名词是指表示人或事物，可以用数来计量的名词，有单复数之分。如：glass-----glasses; book---- books 2、不可数名词是指所表示的事物不能用数来计量。 如：paper, rice, water , milk, tea等。 3、有些名词在特定情况下由不可数变为可数名词。 Light travels faster than sound; (light：光线，不可数) The lights are on. (light：灯，可数) 4、不可数名词的量的表示 不可数名词一般无法用数来计算，前面不能用a或an或数词来表示数量，它的量往往借助于容器来表示。 如：a glass of milk ------ four glasses of milk a piece of paper ------two pieces of paper a bag of rice ------three bags of rice 三、可数名词的复数形式（识记、运用） 1、可数名词在应用时有单复数之分，单数变复数有规则变化和不规则变化两种。 规则变化 policeman---policemen; man---men; woman---women; tooth---teeth; foot---feet; sheep---sheep; deer---deer; Japanese--- Japanese; Chinese --- Chinese; fish --- fish 四、名词所有格（运用） 名词的所有格是表示所有关系的形式，它也有构成上的变化。 1、单数名词变所有格，只需在词尾加’ s; 2、复数名词的词尾已有s，只需加’即可； 3、复数名词的词尾若没有s ，则应加’ s ; 4、如果表示某人或物为两人所共有，则在第二个人后面加’ s ; 如：Da Mao and Xiao Mao’s room 如果不是两人共有，则在每个人后面都加’ s; 如：Li Lei’s and Tom’s mother 5、名词所有格结构通常用于表示有生命的名词，或表示时间、距离、地点等，而表示无生命名词的所有关系则用“of”表示。 如: the windows of house the picture of the family
九年级英语Unit1《How can we become good learners?》知识点 1. have a conversation/talk with sb. 同某人谈话 太……而不能 2. too…to… not enough.. to so/such …that+结果状语从句 so that=in order that+目的状语从句 Xiao Yu is too young to dress himself. Xiao Yu is not old enough to dress himself. Xiao Yu is so young that he can’t dress himself. Xiao Yu is such a young boy that he can’t dress himself. 3. the secret to……的秘诀 4. be afraid of doing sth./ be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事 fear scare scared scary 5. look up 查阅 look at look through look after look forward to look up look up to look down on/upon look around look over look out=be careful=take care look out of look like look back … 6. read aloud 大声跟读 7. make mistakes in 在……方面犯错误make a mistake in.. 把……和……连接/联系起来 8. connect ……with…
高中课本知识分布 必修一 1.共有三个单元 2.各单元知识点 第一单元：一般现在时，现在进行时，be going to 第二单元：一般过去时，过去进行时，现在完成时 第三单元：被动语态，情态动词 3.全书单词数量为：204个 词组数量为：44个 必修二 1. 共有三个单元 2. 各单元知识点 第四单元：一般将来时will和be going to的区别，真实条件句和虚拟条件句，让步状语从句 第五单元：原因、结果、目的状语从句 第六单元：表示时间、地点、动作的介词，定语从句，冠词 3. 全书单词数量为：229个 词组数量为：23个 必修三 1. 共有三个单元 2. 各单元知识点 第七单元：关系副词，介词+which引导的定语从句，形容词的比较级 第八单元：限制性和非限制性定语从句，静态动词和动态动词 第九单元：现在完成进行时态，现在完成时态和现在完成进行时态 3. 全书单词数量为：262个 词组数量为：40个 必修四 1. 共有三个单元 2. 各单元知识点 第十单元：不定代词和动词不定式 第十一单元：被动语态，动名词作主语，宾语，表语，定语 第十二单元：跟动名词或不定式作宾语的动词，现在分词作副词，作表语，定语，宾语补足语 3. 全书单词数量为：330个词组数量为：24个 高一共计单词1025，词组131 必修五 1. 共有三个单元 2. 各单元知识点 第十三单元：过去分词在句中可作形容词或副词用，修饰名词，在句中作定语，宾语补足
语或表语 第十四单元：情态动词表示推测 第十五单元：虚拟语气 3. 全书单词数量为：313个 词组数量为：25个 选修六 1. 共有三个单元 2. 各单元知识点 第十六单元：过去完成时 第十七单元：过去完成进行时1 第十八单元：过去完成进行时2 3. 全书单词数量为：245个 词组数量为：31个 选修七 1. 共有三个单元 2. 各单元知识点 第十九单元：名词性从句 第二十单元：将来完成时和将来进行时 第二十一单元：混合虚拟条件句和情态动词 3. 全书单词数量为：340个 词组数量为：13个 选修八 1. 共有三个单元 2. 各单元知识点 第二十二单元：被动态和表示报道的表达 第二十三单元：强调句和各种完成时的形态（将来完成时，现在完成时，过去完成时，现在完成进行时，现在分词的完成时及情态动词加完成时的用法） 第二十四单元：劝说的表达 3. 全书单词数量为：375个 词组数量为：61个 高二共计单词1273，词组130个 高中共计单词2298，词组261 北师大版高中英语语法总结（必修一—选修八） 必修一 一、present simple and present continuous 一般现在是和现在进行时 1，present simple: 反复进行的，经常性的动作（惯例习惯） Eg, He watches soap operas. 及状态I live in Budapest. 一般现在时常和下列时间状语连用：always, usually, from, time to time, twice a week, rarely,
2016—2017九年级英语知识点归纳总结Unit1《How can we become good learners?》知识点 【短语归纳】 1. have conversation with sb. 同某人谈话 2. too…to… 太……而不能 3. the secret to… ……的秘诀 4. be afraid of doing sth./ be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事 5. look up 查阅 6. repeat out loud 大声跟读 7. make mistakes in 在……方面犯错误 8. connect ……with… 把……和……连接/联系起来 9. get bored 感到厌烦 10. be stressed out 焦虑不安的 11. pay attention to 注意；关注 12. depend on 取决于；依靠 13. the ability to do sth.. 做某事的能力 【单元知识点】 1. by + doing ：通过……方式（by是介词，后面要跟动名词，也就是动词的ing形式） 2. talk about 谈论，议论，讨论 The students often talk about movie after class. 学生们常常在课后讨论电影。talk to sb= talk with sb 与某人说话 3. 提建议的句子： ①What/ how about +doing sth.? 做…怎么样？（about后面要用动词的ing 形式，这一点考试考的比较多） 如：What/ How about going shopping? ②Why don't you + do sth.? 你为什么不做…？（注意加黑的部分用的是动词的原型） 如：Why don't you go shopping? ③Why not + do sth. ? 为什么不做…？（注意加黑的部分用的是动词的原型） 如：Why not go shopping? ④Let's + do sth. 让我们做…吧。（注意加黑的部分用的是动词的原型） 如：Let's go shopping ⑤Shall we/ I + do sth.? 我们/我…好吗？ 如：Shall we/ I go shopping? 4. a lot 许多,常用于句末。如：I eat a lot. 我吃了许多。 5. too…to :太…而不能 常用的句型：too+形容词/副词+ to do sth. 如：I'm too tired to say anything. 我太累了，什么都不想说。 6. aloud, loud与loudly的用法，三个词都与“大声”或“响亮”有关。
人教版九年级英语知识点总结 Unit 1 一、知识点 1.Check in : 在旅馆的登记入住。Check out: 在旅馆结账离开。 2.By: ①通过…..方式（途径）。例：I learn English by listening to tapes. ②在…..旁边。例：by the window/the door ③乘坐交通工具例：by bus/car ④在……之前,到……为止。例：by October在10月前 ⑤被例：English is spoken by many people. 3.how与what的区别： how通常对方式或程度提问,意思有：怎么样如何,通常用来做状语、表语。 what通常对动作的发出者或接受者提问,意思为什么,通常做宾语,主语。 ①How is your summer holiday? It’s OK.(how表示程度做表语) ②How did you travel around the world? I travel by air. ③What do you learn at school? I learn English, math and many other subjects. ①What…think of…? How…like…? ②What…do with…? How…deal with…? ③What…like about…? How…like…? ④What’s the weather like today? How’s the weather today? ⑤What to do? How to do it? e.g. What do you think of this book?=How do you like this book? I don’t know what I should do with the matter.=I don’t know how I should deal with it. What do you like about China?=How do you like China? I do n’t know what to do next step?=I don’t know how to do it next step? ㊣What good / bad weather it is today!（weather为不可数名词,其前不能加 a ） ㊣What a fine / bad day it is today! （day为可数名词,其前要加 a ） 4. aloud, loud与loudly的用法: 三个词都与"大声"或"响亮"有关。 ①aloud是副词,重点在出声能让人听见,但声音不一定很大, 常用在读书或说话上。通常放在动词之后。aloud没有比较级形式。 如: He read the story aloud to his son.他朗读那篇故事给他儿子听。 ②loud可作形容词或副词。用作副词时,常与speak, talk, laugh等动词连用,多用于比较级,须放在动词之后。如: She told us to speak a little louder. 她让我们说大声一点。 ③loudly是副词,与loud同义,有时两者可替换使用,但往往 含有令人讨厌或打扰别人的意思,可位于动词之前或之后。如: He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不当众大声谈笑。 5. voice 指人的嗓音也指鸟鸣。 sound 指人可以听到的各种声音。 noise 指噪音、吵闹声 6. find + 宾语+ 宾补（名词形容词介词短语分词等） 例：I find him friendly. I found him working in the garden. We found him in bed. He found the window closed. We found her honest. 7. 常见的系动词有： ①是：am 、is、are ②保持：keep、stay ③转变：e、get、turn ④……起来feel、look、smell、taste、sound 8. get + 宾语+宾补（形容词过去分词动词不定式）使某种情况发生 例：Get the shoes clean. 把鞋擦干净 让格林先生进来 I want to get my bike repaired. 我想去修自行车 You can’t get him waiting. 你不能让他老等着 9. 动词不定式做定语 ①与所修饰的名词构成主谓关系 ②与所修饰的名词构成动宾关系 I have nothing to say. I need a pen to write with. I need some paper to write on. I don’t have a room to live in. 10. practice , fun 做名词为不可数名词 11. add 补充说又说 12. join 加入某团体并成为其中一员attend 出席参加会议或讲座 join in与take part in指参加到某项活动中去。
人教版必修一各单元知识点总结 Unit 12345One Friendship 一、重点短语 through 经历，经受 get through 通过；完成；接通电话 2. set down 记下，放下 3. a series of 一系列 4. on purpose 有目的的 5. in order to 为了 6. at dusk 傍晚，黄昏时刻 7. face to face 面对面 8. fall in love 爱上 9. join in 参加（某个活动）； take part in 参加（活动） join 加入（组织，团队，并成为其中一员） 10. calm down 冷静下来 11. suffer from 遭受 12. be/get tired of…对…感到厌倦 13. be concerned about 关心 14. get on/along well with 与…相处融洽 15. be good at/do well in 擅长于… 16. find it + adj. to do sth. 发现做某事是… 17. no longer / not …any longer 不再… 18. too much 太多（后接不可数n.） much too 太…(后接adj.) 19. not…until 直到…才 20. it’s no pleasure doing sth 做…并不开心 21. make sb. sth. 使某人成为… make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 二、语法----直接引语和间接引语 概念：直接引语：直接引述别人的原话。一般前后要加引号。 间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话。间接引语在多数情况下可构成宾语从句且不要加引号。例：Mr. Black said, “ I’m busy.”
本单元语法：过去完成时。 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间点以前即“过去的过去”已经发生的动作。 Mr. Black told me that he had seen the movie three times. ⑴过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。 ⑵过去完成时的结构是：肯定由“助动词had(用于各种人称和数) + 过去分词”构成 否定式：had not + 过去分词缩写形式：hadn’t ⑶过去完成时的时间状语： ①表示过去某一时间可用by, before等构成的短语。 by the time by the end of We had finished our homework before 10 o’clock. ②可能通过when, before等引导的从句表示。 When I got there, the train had left. ③过去某一时间通过上下文来表示。 Kate hadn’t studied hard, so she didn’t pass the exam yesterday. 【语法归纳】 过去完成时与现在完成时的区别 两者主要区别是时间的参照点不同： 过去完成时的时间参照点是某个“过去的”时间；现在完成时的时间参照点是“现在”。因此现在完成时中的很多规则，也适用于过去完成时。 例句： When I got to the cinema, the film had been on for five minutes.当我到达电影院时，电影已演了五分钟了。（got是一个过去的“时间点”，电影“开始”在我“到达”之前，是“过去的过去”。因为for five minutes为延续一段的时间状语，应用可延续的系表结构be on的过去完成时形式。） 注：过去完成时是一个相对的时态，表示的是“过去的过去”，只有在和过去
新人教版九年级英语全册知识点归纳及习题（最新） Unit 1 How can we become good learners? 短语总结: 1. good learners优秀的学习者 2. work with friends 和朋友一起学习 3.study for a test 备考 4.have conversations with 与……交谈 5.speaking skills 口语技巧 6.a little 有点儿 7.at first 起初起先8.the secret to......，.......的秘诀 9.because of 因为10.as well 也 11.look up (在词典中等)查阅；抬头看12.so that 以便，为了 13.the meaning of ……的意思14.make mistakes 犯错误 15.talk to 交谈16.depend on 依靠依赖 17.in common 共有的18.pay attention to 注意关注 19.connect ……with ……把……联系。20.for example 例如 21.think about 考虑22.even if 即使尽管纵容 23.look for 寻找24.worry about 担心担忧 25.make word cards 制作单词卡片26.ask the teacher for help 向老师求 助 27.read aloud 大声读28.spoken english 英语口语 29.give a report 作报告30.word by word 一字一字地 31.so……that 如此……以至于32.fall in love with 爱上 33.something interesting 有趣的事情34.take notes 记笔记 35.how often 多久一次36.a lot of 许多 37.the ability to do sth. 做某事的能力38.learning habits 学习习惯 39.be interested in 对……感兴趣40.get bored 感到无聊 41.be good at 在……方面擅长42.be afraid of 害怕 43.each other 彼此互相44.instead of 代替而不是 二.用法集萃 1.by doing sth 通过做某事 2.it +be+adj+to do sth 做某事是……的 3.finish doing sth 完成某事 4.what about doing sth？做某事怎么样？ 5.try to do sth 尽力做某事 6.the +比较近，the+比较近越……，就越…… 7.find it+adj+to do sth 发现做某事8.be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某 事
九年级英语Unit1 How can we become good learners?知识点 【短语归纳】 1. have conversation with sb. 同某人谈话 2. too…to…太……而不能 3. the secret to………的秘诀 4. be afraid of doing sth./ be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事 5. look up 查阅 6. repeat out loud 大声跟读 7. make mistakes in 在……方面犯错误 8. connect ……with…把……和……连接/联系起来 9. get bored 感到厌烦 10. be stressed out 焦虑不安的 11. pay attention to 注意；关注 12. depend on 取决于；依靠 13. the ability to do sth.. 做某事的能力 【单元知识点】 1. by + doing ：通过……方式（by是介词，后面要跟动名词，也就是动词的ing形式） 2. talk about 谈论，议论，讨论 The students often talk about movie after class. 学生们常常在课后讨论电影。 talk to sb= talk with sb 与某人说话 3. 提建议的句子： ①What/ how about +doing sth.? 做…怎么样？ （about后面要用动词的ing形式，这一点考试考的比较多） 如：What/ How about going shopping? ②Why don't you + do sth.? 你为什么不做…？（注意加黑的部分用的是动词的原型）如：Why don't you go shopping? ③Why not + do sth. ? 为什么不做…？（注意加黑的部分用的是动词的原型） 如：Why not go shopping? ④Let's + do sth. 让我们做…吧。（注意加黑的部分用的是动词的原型） 如：Let's go shopping ⑤Shall we/ I + do sth.? 我们/我…好吗？ 如：Shall we/ I go shopping? 4. a lot 许多,常用于句末。如：I eat a lot. 我吃了许多。 5. too…to :太…而不能 常用的句型：too+形容词/副词+ to do sth. 如：I'm too tired to say anything. 我太累了，什么都不想说。 6. aloud, loud与loudly的用法，三个词都与“大声”或“响亮”有关。 ①aloud是副词，通常放在动词之后。 ②loud可作形容词或副词。用作副词时，常与speak, talk, laugh等动词连用，多用于比较级，须放在动词之后。 如：She told us to speak a little louder. 她让我们说大声一点。 ③loudly是副词，与loud同义，有时两者可替换使用，可位于动词之前或之后。 如：He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不当众大声谈笑。 7. not …at all 一点也不，根本不 如：I like milk very much,I don't like coffee at all. 我非常喜欢牛奶，我一点也不喜欢咖啡。 not经常可以和助动词结合在一起，at all 则放在句尾 8. be / get excited about sth. 对…感兴奋 9. ① end up doing sth : 终止做某事，结束做某事 如：The party ended up singing. 晚会以唱歌而结束。 ② end up with sth. 以…结束（注意介词with） 如：The party ended up with her singing. 晚会以她的歌唱而告终。 10. first of all 首先（这个短语可用在作文中，使得文章有层次） 11. also 也、而且（用于肯定句）常在句子的中间 either 也（用于否定句）常在句末 too 也（用于肯定句）常在句末（它们三个的区分要清楚，尤其要知道用在什么句子中 以及各自的位置） 12. make mistakes 犯错如：I often make mistakes. 我经常犯错。 make a mistake 犯一个错误如：I have made a mistake. 我已经犯了一个错误。 13. laugh at sb. 笑话；取笑（某人）（常见短语） 如：Don't laugh at me! 不要取笑我！ 14. take notes 做笔记，做记录 15. enjoy doing sth . 喜欢做…乐意做…（我不得不说，这是一个非常重要的考点…）如： She enjoys playing football. 她喜欢踢足球。 enjoy oneself 过得愉快如： He enjoyed himself. 他过得愉快。 16. native speaker 说本族语的人 17. make up 组成、构成 18. one of +（the+ 形容词最高级）+名词复数形式: …其中之一（这一题主要考两点，一 是最高级，一是名词复数，大家做题的时候要小心） 如：She is one of the most popular teachers. 她是最受欢迎的教师之一。 19. It's +形容词+（for sb. ）to do sth :（对于某人来说）做某事… 如：It's difficult （for me ）to study English. 对于我来说学习英语太难了。 句中的it 是形式主语，真正的主语是to study English 20. practice doing 练习做某事如：（practice后面接动名词，这一点有可能考到） She often practice speaking English. 她经常练习说英语。 21. decide to do sth. 决定做某事（重要考点，大家需要记住decide后面跟的是不定时， 也就是to do）如： LiLei has decided to go to BeiJing . 李雷已经决定去北京。 22. unless 假如不，除非:引导条件状语从句 如：You will fail unless you work hard .假如你不努力你会失败。 23. deal with 处理如：I dealt with a lot of problem. 24. worry about sb./ sth. 担心某人/ 某事 如：Mother worried about his son just now. 妈妈刚才担心他的儿子。 25. be angry with sb. 对某人生气 26. perhaps = maybe 也许 27. go by （时间）过去. 如：Two years went by. 两年过去了。 1
九年级英语知识点归纳总结 Unit1 How can we become good learners? 【短语归纳】 1. have conversation with sb.同某人谈话 2. too…to… 太……而不能 3. the secret to… ……的秘诀 4. be afraid of doing sth./ be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事 5. look up 查阅 6. repeat out loud大声跟读 7. make mistakes in在……方面犯错误 8. connect ……with… 把……和……连接/联系起来 9. get bored 感到厌烦 10. be stressed out 焦虑不安的 11. pay attention to 注意；关注 12. depend on 取决于；依靠 13. the ability to do sth.. 做某事的能力 【单元知识点】 1. by + doing ：通过……方式（by是介词，后面要跟动名词，也就是动词的ing形式） 2. talk about 谈论，议论，讨论 The students often talk about movie after class. 学生们常常在课后讨论电影。 talk to sb= talk with sb 与某人说话 3. 提建议的句子： ①What/ how about +doing sth.? 做…怎么样？（about后面要用动词的ing形式，这一点考试考的比较多）如：What/ How about going shopping? ②Why don't you + do sth.? 你为什么不做…？（注意加黑的部分用的是动词的原型） 如：Why don't you go shopping? ③Why not + do sth. ? 为什么不做…？（注意加黑的部分用的是动词的原型） 如：Why not go shopping? ④Let's + do sth. 让我们做…吧。（注意加黑的部分用的是动词的原型） 如： Let's go shopping ⑤Shall we/ I + do sth.? 我们/我…好吗？ 如：Shall we/ I go shopping? 4. a lot 许多 ,常用于句末。如：I eat a lot. 我吃了许多。 5. too…to :太…而不能，常用的句型：too + 形容词/副词+ to do sth. 如：I'm too tired to say anything. 我太累了，什么都不想说。 6. aloud, loud与loudly的用法，三个词都与“大声”或“响亮”有关。 ①aloud是副词，通常放在动词之后。 ②loud adv./adj. 用作副词时，常与speak, talk, laugh等动词连用，多用于比较级，须放在动词之后。如：She told us to speak a little louder. 她让我们说大声一点。 ③loudly是副词，与loud同义，有时两者可替换使用，可位于动词之前或之后。 如：He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不当众大声谈笑。 7. not …at all 一点也不，根本不 如：I like milk very much,I don't like coffee at all. 我非常喜欢牛奶，我一点也不喜欢咖啡。not 经常可以和助动词结合在一起，at all 则放在句尾。 8. be / get excited about sth. 对…感兴奋 9. ① end up doing sth : 终止做某事，结束做某事 如：The party ended up singing. 晚会以唱歌而结束。 ② end up with sth. 以…结束（注意介词with） 如： The party ended up with her singing. 晚会以她的歌唱而告终。 10. first of all 首先（这个短语可用在作文中，使得文章有层次） 11. also 也、而且，（用于肯定句）常在句子的中间 either 也（用于否定句）常在句末 too 也（用于肯定句）常在句末（它们三个的区分要清楚，尤其要知道用在什么句子中以及各自的 位置）。 12. make mistakes 犯错如：I often make mistakes. 我经常犯错。 make a mistake 犯一个错误如： I have made a mistake. 我已经犯了一个错误。 13. laugh at sb. 笑话；取笑（某人）（常见短语） 如：Don't laugh at me! 不要取笑我！ 14. take notes 做笔记，做记录 15. enjoy doing sth . 喜欢做…，乐意做… 如：She enjoys playing football. 她喜欢踢足球。 enjoy oneself 过得愉快如：He enjoyed himself. 他过得愉快。 16. native speaker 说本族语的人 17. make up 组成、构成