动词的-ing形式练习
I．用所给动词的正确形式填空：
1.There is no ________ (joke) about such matters as earth prediction.
2.I couldn’t avoid ______ (make) mistakes whenever I started to speak
English.
3.I don’t remember ____________ (ever see) him anywhere.
4.Have you got used to ________ (live) in the quake-hit area
5.I don’t feel like ________ (go) window shopping with any woman.
6.Let’s stop _______ (worry) about our exam results.
7.She objected to _____ (treat) as a child.
8.More and more companies and individuals are considering _________
(donate) more money to support those suffering from the Wenchuan Big Quake.
/
II. 单项选择：
1.The missing boys were last seen ______ near the river.
A. playing
B. to be playing
C. play
D. to play
2. ---I must apologize for ______ ahead of time.
----That’s all right.
A. letting you not know
B. not letting you know
C. letting you know not
D. letting not you know
3. European football is played in 80 countries, _____ it the most popular sport
in the world.
A. making
B. makes
C. make
D. to make
4. When I got back home, I saw a message pinned to the door _____ “Sorry to
miss you. Will call later.”
?
A. read
B. reads
C. to read
D. reading
several weeks, the city was short of food and clothing.
A. As having flooded
B. As flooding
C. Having been flooded
D. Being flooded
6. I didn’t know you were a thief, _____ bread out of the mouth of women and
children.
A. steal
B. stealing
C. stole
D. to steal
7. Looking out of the window of our classroom, _____many beautiful peculiar
mountains.
A. there was
B. there were
C. we saw
D. there stood
8. We often provide our children with toys, footballs and basketballs, that all children like these things.
A. thinking
B. think
C. to think
D. thought
《
9. The old man, ____________abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland.
A. to work
B. working
C. to have worked
D. having worked
10. While ______ to be asked how he made it, he smiled and said to himself,
“Well, hard work contributes to success.”
A. waiting
B. having waited
C. being waited
D. to be waited
11. Some students sat in the corner chatting, but____ their teacher, all ____
up.
A. saw; standing
B. seeing; stood
C. saw; stood
D. seeing; standing
III. 短文改错:
Dear Maggie,
You always give us advice on what to do in your column.
>
But you never talk about yourself. I know sometime 76.
you use yourself as example to help us,
s o that isn’t enough. Can you sometime tell us
something a bout you I’m sure I’m not the only fan
w ho want to know things about you. I’d like to
know things like: what do you do at your free time
What kind of problems did you face when grew up
I also want to know what do you look like. If you
send me a picture yours, I can see how beautiful you are!
I have a dream which one day we could meet and be
.
good friends.
Love,
John
"
高2010级下期分推（答案）
I. 1. being late meeting being put off
3. saying a word going on to college
5. arriving home lending this book to Tom first
the lock troubled you
built 10. Feeling worn out
11. Not having seen her mother been laughed at
)
II.
seeing/ having ever seen 4. living
treated
III. ABADC BCADA B
IV.BADA C 41--- 45 DACBD
46---50 BCADB 51---55 ACDCB
V. 短文改错76. sometime －sometimes 77. example 前加an 78. so －but 79. you －yourself 80. want －wants 81. at －in 82. grew －growing /前加you 83. what 后去do 84. √
85. which －that
—
高2010级下期第九次分推（答案）
I. 1. being late meeting being put off
3. saying a word going on to college
5. arriving home lending this book to Tom first
the lock troubled you
built 10. Feeling worn out
11. Not having seen her mother been laughed at
II.
seeing/ having ever seen 4. living
treated
III. ABADC BCADA
IV.BADA C 41--- 45 DACBD
46---50 BCADB 51---55 ACDCB
V. 短文改错76. sometime －sometimes 77. example 前加an 78. so －but 79. you －yourself 80. want －wants 81. at －in 82. grew －growing /前加you 83. what 后去do 84. √
85. which －that
动词ing形式的用法及变化规则 一．动词ing形式的用法 1.正在进行时中,谓语动词后加ing. 如:I'm playing football. 2.一些特殊表达..如: be good at doing sth enjoy doing sth. be busy doing feel like doing thank you for doing do some cooking/cleaning/reading/shopping/washing go swimming/fishing/shopping/skating/boating 二．动词现在分词由动词原形在词尾加ing构成，其规则如下： 1）一般情况下直接加ing think---thinking sleep---sleeping study---studying speak---speaking carry---carrying say---saying 2）以不发音的字母e结尾的单词，去掉字母e，再加ing wake---waking make---making come---coming take---taking leave---leaving have---having 3）以重读闭音节结尾，呈现“辅，元，辅”结构的动词，先双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing 。初中学过的这类词有：begin，cut, get, hit, run, set, sit, spit, stop, swim, beg, drop, fit, nod, dig, forget, regret, rid, 等。 (visit 不是以重读闭音节结尾，不用双写) travel虽然重读第一音节，词尾音节不重读，但是现在分词仍要双写末尾辅音字母，然后再加ing ，如：travel---travelling.初中阶段此类词只有这一个。4）以 y 结尾的动词直接加 ing carry—— carrying enjoy—— enjoying 5）以ie结尾的动词，把ie改为y ，再加ing
动词ing形式的用法 一)Ving形式作定语 分词短语作定语时，放在被修饰的名词之后；单个分词作定语时，放在被修饰的名词之前。例如： The man standing by the window is our teacher. Many frightened people rushed out of the burning building. Ving作定语主要表示动作和用途。 1. 表示动作（主动的、进行的动作）。 a waiting car = the car that is waiting a sleeping child 熟睡的孩子 The girl standing there is my sister. 站在那儿的女孩是我的姐妹。 [注意]现在分词作定语时，它表示的动作是正在进行或与谓语动词所表示的动作几乎同时发生，如果两个动作有先有后，一般不能用现在分词作定语，而要用定语从句。例如： The teacher criticized the student who had broken the window. 老师批评了打破窗户的学生。 2. 表示用途： the waiting room = the room for waiting 候车室 a working method 工作方法 He has a reading room. 他有一个书房。 【比较】 过去分词作定语： 及物动词的过去分词表示被动，不及物动词的过去分词表示动作完成。例如： That is the book written by Lu Xun. 那是鲁迅写的书。 He is a returned student. 他是一个归国的留学生。 不定式作定语： 用不定式作定语，其经常所修饰的名词、代词有：
动词ing形式的用法及变化规则 一?口诀：now look listen be,动词要加ing,加了ing,不要忘了be。 二.动词现在分词由动词原形在词尾加ing构成，其规则如下： 1)—般情况下宜接加ing think…thinking sleep…sleeping study…studying speak—speaking carr\T—carrying say■一saying 2)以不发音的字母e结尾的单词，去掉字母e,再加ing wake■一waking make一-making come—coming take―taking leave—leaving have■一having 3)以重读闭音节结尾，呈现“辅音，元音(aeiou),辅音”结构的动词，先双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing。 这类f司有：shop, begin, cut, put, get, hit, run, set, sit, spit, stop, swim, bug, drop, fit, nod, dig, forget, regret, rid,等。
Visit不是以重读闭音节结尾，不用双写) travel虽然重读第一音节，词尾音节不重读，但是现在分词仍要双写末尾辅音字母，然后再加ing ,女口：travel—travelling.初中阶段此类词只有这一个。 4)以ie结尾的动词,把ie改为y ,再加ing 女口：die---dying lie---lying 一.写出下列动词的现在分词形式 work ____________ visil ___________ play ___________ study _________ dance ________ h ave ______ ___ travel __________ take __________ drop ___________ sin ___________ shop _________ swim __________ lie ___________ 二.选择题练习 1 ? Who _______________ over there now? A. singing B. arc sing C? is singing D. sing 2. It" s eight <)' clock. The students _________ an En^jish class? A. have E. C? is having D? arc having 3? Listen! The baby _____ in the next room? A. crying E? cried C? is crying D? cries 4.Look! The twins ______ new sweaters?
V-ing形式的用法 动词-ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语 【知识点拨】 一、动词-ing形式作表语 动词-ing形式可用在系动词后面作表语，说明主语的性质或情况，多表示一般性的或抽象的行为。例如： The news that our school won the game was exciting. 注意：动词-ing形式作表语与进行时态的区 别：进行时态表示主语正在做什么，而动词-ing形式作表语只是说明主语的特性或情况。试比较： Mike is listening to music. 迈克正在听音乐。(当前正在进行的动作) Mike’s favorite hobby is listening to music. 迈克最大的爱好是听音乐。(说明主语的情况) 二、动词-ing形式作定语 动词-ing形式作定语有两种用法，即： 1.表示所修饰名词的用途或功能，意为“供……用的”。 例如： a reading room, a swimming pool, a singing competition, drinking water等。 2.表示主动和正在进行，相当于一个定语从句。 例如：falling leaves (=leaves that are falling), the rising sun (=the sun that is rising)。单个的动词-ing形式作定语通常放在所修饰的名词之前，而短语则一般被放在所修饰的名词之后。 例如：exciting news, the students talking about the problem。 三、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语 动词-ing形式作宾语补足语，即用来补充说明宾语的动作或情况。常用的跟动词-ing形式作宾补的动词有： 1. 表示感觉和心理状态的动词。常见的有 see, watch, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, catch等。例如：I could feel my heart beating wildly. 2. 使役动词。常见的有have, set, keep, get, leave等。例如： They had the light burning all night. 【巩固练习】 I. 单项填空。 1. When she got home, she found her little son ________ on the ground, crying. A. lies B. lay C. lying D. laying 2. The patient ________ by the doctor is Li Ming’s mother. A. to examine B. examining C. is examined D. being examined
动词ing形式的用法 动词的-ing形式是动词的一种非谓语形式，由动词原形加-ing构成，包括-ing分词和-ing 动名词。可以在句子中用作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补语、状语和定语。 1.一般形式 Seeing is believing. 眼见为信。 Coming to Hangzhou by train takes about 16 hours. 乘火车到杭州要16个小时。 2.通常为了避免句子主语过于冗长，用it作形式主语。如： It‘s nice talking wi th you. 和你谈话很高兴。 It‘s no use arguing with him. 跟他争论没用。 3.“There + be + no + -ing”结构，此结构的意义相当于“It‘s impossible + 不定式”。如： There is no harm in doing so. 这样做没有害处。 作表语 动词-ing可用来作表语。如： This food smells inviting. 这种食物香味怡人。 My favorite sport is swimming. 我最喜欢的运动是游泳。 Their job is cleaning the window. 他们的工作是打扫窗子。 作宾语 1.动词-ing形式可以用作动词、短语动词和介词的宾语。 I warned her against driving fast. Jim dislikes eating chocolate. 2.有些动词和动词短语后接作宾语的非限定性动词时只能是-ing分词，常见的这类动词有：admit，acknowledge，advise，appreciate，avoid，delay，deny，dislike，enjoy，excuse，escape，
一．动词ing形式的用法 二．动词原形在词尾加ing构成，其规则如下： 1）一般情况下直接加ing think---thinking sleep---sleeping study---studying speak---speaking carry---carrying say---saying 2）以不发音的字母e结尾的单词，去掉字母e，再加ing wake---waking make---making come---coming take---taking leave---leaving have---having 3）以重读闭音节结尾，呈现“辅，元，辅”结构的动词，先双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing 。 学过的这类词有：begin，cut, get, hit, run, set, sit, spit, stop, swim, beg, drop, fit, nod, dig, forget, regret, rid, 等。visit 不是以重读闭音节结尾，不用双写.travel虽然重读第一音节，词尾音节不重读，但是现在分词仍要双写末尾辅音字母，然后再加ing ，如：travel---travelling.初中阶段此类词只有这一个。 4）以y 结尾的动词直接加ing carry——carrying enjoy——enjoying 5）以ie结尾的动词，把ie改为y ，再加ing die---dying lie---lying 一.写出下列动词的现在分词形式 work___________ visit__________ play__________ study__________dance__________ have__________ travel__________ take__________drop__________ sing __________ shop__________ swim__________ lie__________
动词-ing形式的句法功能 一、做主语; e.g. Reading good books makes us
高三复习学案 学习目标： 1. 复习并掌握动词ing形式的构成以及ing形式的用法; 2. 能基本弄清Ing形式和过去分词以及不定式的用法。 一：动词ing形式的构成规律有哪些?各举一个例子说明. 例如：1. 在动词后直接加ing , walk→walking 二.动词－ing形式用法归纳 1. 动词ing形式的构成，填下面的表格 分词的否定形式： 三．Ing形式用法探究 探究1：Ing形式的句法功能 动词的-ing形式，可以在句子中作主语﹑宾语和表语﹑定语和补足语； 动词ing形式还可以在句子中做状语：1) 时间状语2). 结果状语3). 伴随状语，方式状语或补充说明4). 原因状语5）作让步状语6) 作条件状语 说出下列句子中ing形式在句中做什么成分 1.Being exposed to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s skin . 2.Being more careful, you can make fewer mistakes . 3. Knowing all this , they made me pay for the damage . 4. I heard someone knocking at the door. 5. While walking slowly on the street, Tom met one of his old friends. 6. Her husband died ten years ago, leaving her with three children to look after. 7. I stood by the door ,not daring to say a word . 8. The bridge being built is designed by his uncle . 9. Not knowing her address, I can’t write to her. 注意：分词与主句主语是主谓关系；否定副词放在分词之前
动词ing形式的用法及变化规则 一．口诀：now look listen be，动词要加ing，加了ing，不要忘了be。 二．动词现在分词由动词原形在词尾加ing构成，其规则如下： 1）一般情况下直接加ing think---thinking sleep---sleeping study---studying speak---speaking carry---carrying say---saying 2）以不发音的字母e结尾的单词，去掉字母e，再加ing wake---waking make---making come---coming take---taking leave---leaving have---having 3）以重读闭音节结尾，呈现“辅音，元音（a e i o u），辅音”结构的动词，先双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing 。 这类词有：shop，begin，cut, put, get, hit, run, set, sit, spit, stop, swim, beg, drop, fit, nod, dig, forget, regret, rid, 等。 (visit 不是以重读闭音节结尾，不用双写) travel虽然重读第一音节，词尾音节不重读，但是现在分词仍要双写末尾辅音字母，然后再加ing ，如：travel---travelling.初中阶段此类词只有这一个。 4）以ie结尾的动词，把ie改为y ，再加ing 如：die---dying lie---lying
一. 写出下列动词的现在分词形式 work___________ visit__________ play__________ study________dance_______ have__________ travel_________take__________ drop__________ sing__________ shop________ swim_________ lie__________ 二．选择题练习 1. Who ______________ over there now? A. singing B. are sing C. is singing D. sing 2. It’s eight o’clock. The students _____ an English class. A. have B. having C. is having D. are having 3. Listen! The baby _____ in the next room. A. crying B. cried C. is crying D. cries 4. Look! The twins _____ new sweaters. A. are wearing B. wearing C. are wear D. is wearing 5. Don’t talk here. Grandparents _____. A. is sleeping B. are sleeping C. sleeping D. sleep 三. 填空： 1. Miss Li _______ (like) sleeping in the day. 2. Listen! Who ________ (talk) with your parents 3. The girl ________ ( not dance ) on Wednesday. She dances on Friday. 4. He wants ________ (be) a teacher. 5. Everyone _________(say) she is a good shop assistant. 6. Can she _________ (sing) in English 7. They like ________ (read) under the tree. Look! They ________ (sit) there to read. 8. Let's ________ (eat) lunch together(一起). 9. Look! A cat ________ (run) up the tree. 10. It's 6:30. My brother ________ (see) a movie. 11. Sam ________ (go) to school at 7:00 every day. 12. Peggy is ________ (clean) the bedroom now. She is a good girl. 13. --- Where ________ Mr. Green ________ (live) --- He ________ in London. 14. --- ________ you ________ (clean) your bedroom --- No, I'm not. I'm cleaning the living room. 15. --- ________ Nancy ________ (talk) on the phone --- No, she isn't. She ________ (eat) lunch now.
动词ing形式（动名词）的形式及用法 【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： 动词ing形式（动名词）的形式及用法 1. doing的形式：doing; being done 2. doing做主语，表语和宾语。 3. doing与to do在动词后面做宾语的区别 二. 知识总结归纳： （一）动词ing形式起名词作用，在语法中也称做动名词．在句中做主语，宾语，表语和定语。它的基本形式有doing; being done。 例句： 1. Parking is difficult in the shopping center of the city. 2. My favorite job is teaching English. 3. His main hobby is collecting stamps. 4. Denying this will be shutting one’s eyes to fact. 5. I suggest you should practise speaking English whenever you can. 6. Hearing what I said, he couldn’t help laughing. 7. Did you see that car being repaired ?
注：to do形式也可以做主语或表语。一般情况下，这两种形式做主语或表语，差别不是很大。但是如果刻意强调某个具体的动作，就用to do 形式，而要表示一般性或泛指的动作则用doing形式。 例如： 1. It is difficult to park in the shopping center at the weekend. 2. My duty is to take care of the baby while she is out. （二）在一些动词后面只能接动名词做宾语。后面跟doing 做宾语的常见动词有：admit; advise; appreciate; avoid; complete; consider; deny; mention; mind; miss; prevent; delay; enjoy; escape; imagine; postpone; practise; risk; suggest;常见的动名词短语，如：be worth doing; can’t help doing; look forward to doing; go on doing; insist on doing; prefer doing to doing; be busy doing; keep on doing; devote…to doing; spend…in doing; have difficulty in doing; have a good time doing; prevent…from doing 1. I am looking forward to hearing from you soon. 2. He has devoted himself to protecting the wildlife. 3. He is trying to avoid answering my question. 4. The accused man denied ever having met her. 5. He insisted on sending for doctor at once.
动词ing 形式用法归纳： ing 形式：动词的-ing形式也是一种非谓语动词。-ing形式仍保留有动词的特征，可以带有其所需要的宾语或状语而构成-ing短语。 1．-ing的形式：-ing有一般式和完成式。及物动词还有主动语态和被动语态，而不及物动词的-ing则没有被动语态。现在以及物动词make和不及物动 (1)作主语：Seeing is believing.百闻不如一见。Talking is easier than doing. –ing作主语时，如果其结构较长，可以用it作形式主语，而将作主语的-ing后置。如：It isn’t much good writing to them again. It’s no use waiting here. (2)作表语：Her job is washing and cooking. My hobby is collecting stamps. (3)作宾语：○1作及物动词的宾语。She likes drawing very much. ; ○2作某些动词短语的宾语。Mary is thinking of going back to New York. ; ○3do +限定词（my, some, any, the等）+ -ing , 表示“做……事”之意。如：We often do our cleaning on Saturday afternoon. Will you do any shopping this afternoon? ○4作介词的宾语：Her sister is good at learning physics. ○5作形容词（be）worth / busy等的宾语：This book is well worth reading. ○6–ing作宾语带有宾语补足语时，要用it作为形式宾语，而将作宾语的-ing后置，如：We found it no good talking like that. Do you think it necessary trying again? (4)作定语：The sleeping child is only five years old. Do you know the man standing at the gate? 注：-ing形式作定语用时，如果-ing只是一个单词，就位于其修饰的名词之前，如果是-ing短语，就位于其修饰的名词之后。-ing作定语时，被-ing修饰的名词就是该-ing的逻辑主语。另外，-ing作定语用时，其动作和句子谓语动词所表示的动作是同时进行的，如果不是同时进行的，就不能用-ing作定语，要使用定语从句，如：The girl who wrote a letter there yesterday can speak English very well. (5)作宾语补足语：We can see steam rising from the wet clothes. 注：当-ing在复合宾语中作宾语补足语用时，句中宾语就是这个-ing的逻辑主语，可以
六年级英语 一．动词ing形式的用法 a. 表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。 We are waiting for you. b. 习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。 例：Mr. Green is writing another novel. (说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。) She is learning piano under Mr. Smith. c. 表示渐变的动词有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。 例：The leaves are turning red. It's getting warmer and warmer. d. 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。 例:You are always changing your mind. 相应练习 一．用动词的正确形式填空。 1.We are ____________(sing) in the classroom now. 2.Mike is_____________(study) English. 3.Spring is___________(come),the grasses are __________(grow). 4.The Fall is always __________(come) after Summer 二．动词ing变化规律 1.英语动词加-ing，通常是在原形词尾直接加-ing构成：cough—coughing，climb—climbing，stand—standing，fight—fighting 2．以-e结尾的动词 （1）如果动词原形以一辅音加一不发音的-e结尾，一般应去掉e再加ing：
-ing分词的构成 1-ing分词是由动词原形加词尾-ing构成。-ing分词同样有时态和语态的变化，通常有下表几种形式（以do为例）： 一般式完成式 主动形式doing 主动形式having done 被动形式being done 被动形式having been done -ing分词的否定形式是由not 加-ing分词构成。如： Not knowing his address, I could do nothing but stay at home and wait. 不知道他的地址，我只好在家里等着。 His not coming made all of us angry. 他没来使我们大家都很生气。 2. -ing分词的一般式和完成式： -ing分词的一般式表示和谓语动词所表示的动作同时进行的动作；完成式表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作。如： Being a student, he was interested in books. 作为一个学生，他对书本很感兴趣。 Not having studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examinations. 因为没有努力学习功课，他考试不及格。 3. -ing分词的被动式： -ing分词的被动式表示它的逻辑主语是-ing分词动作的承受者。根据-ing分词动作发生的时间，-ing分词的被动式有一般被动式(being done)和完成被动式(having been done)。如： The question being discussed is very important. 正在被讨论的问题很重要。 Having been criticized by the teacher, he gave up smoking. 被老师批评以后，他把烟戒了。
动词ing形式的用法 1.正在进行时中,谓语动词后加ing. 如:I'm playing football. 2.一些特殊表达..如: be good at doing sth enjoy doing sth. be busy doing feel like doing thank you for doing do some cooking/cleaning/reading/shopping/washing go swimming/fishing/shopping/skating/boating 二．动词现在分词由动词原形在词尾加ing构成，其规则如下： 1）一般情况下直接加ing think---thinking sleep---sleeping study---studying speak---speaking carry---carrying say---saying 2）以不发音的字母e结尾的单词，去掉字母e，再加ing wake---waking make---making come---coming take---taking leave---leaving have---having 3）以重读闭音节结尾，呈现“辅，元，辅”结构的动词，先双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing 。初中学过的这类词有：begin，cut, get, hit, run, set, sit, spit, stop, swim, beg, drop, fit, nod, dig, forget, regret, rid, 等。(visit 不是以重读闭音节结尾，不用双写) travel虽然重读第一音节，词尾音节不重读，但是现在分词仍要双写末尾辅音字母，然后再加ing ，如：travel---travelling.初中阶段此类词只有这一个。4）以y 结尾的动词直接加ing carry——carrying enjoy——enjoying 5）以ie结尾的动词，把ie改为y ，再加ing die---dying lie---lying 6）结尾为c且c读作/k/时，在结尾加k再加ing,如picnic-picnicking要特别注意有些动词没有进行时态.
动词ing形式的用法 a. 表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的 事情。 We are waiting for you. b. 习惯进行:表示长期的或重复性的动作，说 话时动作未必正在进行。 Mr. Green is writing another novel. (说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。) She is learning piano under Mr. Smith. c. 表示渐变的动词有:get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。 The leaves are turning red. It's getting warmer and warmer. d. 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用，表 示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有 说话人的主观色彩。 You are always changing your mind. 动词 ing变化规律 1.英语动词加-ing，通常是在原形词尾直接加-ing构成:cough—coughing，climb—climbing，stand—standing，fight—fighting 2(以-e结尾的动词 (1)如果动词原形以一辅音加一不发音的-e结尾，一般应去掉e再加ing:
write—writing，hope—hoping，care—caring，stare—staring，plane—plan-ing，have—having，save—saving， produce—producing， breathe—breathing (2)以-ie结尾的动词应先将e去掉，将i变成y然后再加-ing: die—dying，tie—tying，vie—vying，lie—lying (3)以-ee，,oe，,ye结尾的动词加-ing时应保留词尾e: see—seeing，flee—fleeing，free—freeing，agree—agreeing，hoe—hoeing， dye—dyeing，eye—eyeing (4)以-ue结尾的动词大多应先去e再加-ing: sue—suing，imbue—imbuing， construe—construing，pursue—pursuing， rue—ruing 有时，词尾e可去掉也可保留: glue—gluing或 glueing，cue—cuing或 cueing， blue—blueing或bluing， true—truing或trueing，clue—clueing或cluing 3(以一元音加一辅音结尾的动词 (1)如果动词最后一音节为重读闭音节，最后一个字母需要重复: run—running， stop—stopping， hop—hopping， plan—planning，star—starring， control—controlling 但辅音x是个例外，无需重复(x其实起着两个辅音的作用): tax—taxing，relax—relaxing (2)如果动词最后一个音节为次重读音节，最后一个字母有时也重复: kidnap—kadnapping或kidnaping，