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初中英语现在完成时用法归纳

初中英语现在完成时用法归纳

优胜教育

现在完成时

1、用法:①用于表示“过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果”。→强调对现在造成的影响或结果,常与

“ever/never/already/yet/just”连用。如:She has gone to Shanghai. She is not here.

②用于表示“过去开始的动作一直持续到现在”。→强调动作的持续性,常与“for/since+时间”连用。

如:I have lived in Kunming for ten years.

2、时态标志词:for/since+时间,just,never,ever,already,yet,before,so far,in the past/last few years等。

3、常考易错点:

(1)辨析have gone to,have been to与have been in

have/has gone to:“已经去了某地(去而未归)”→去了某地还没回来,常用来回答where开头的问句

have/has been to:“曾经去过某地(去而已归)”→去过某地但已回来,常与ever/never/次数(two/many times)连用。have/has been in:“在某地待了(多长时间)”,常与“for/since+时间”连用。

①He is not here. He has gone to Beijing. ②He has been to Beijing for many times.

③He has been in Beijing for 20 years.

(3)already与yet:肯定句用already,否定句和问句用yet.

(4)for与since:for+时间段(多少分钟/小时/天/周/月/年,如:two weeks/five years等)

since+时间点(某天/周/月/年,如:last week/2016等)

since +时间段+ago,如:since two weeks ago=for two weeks

since+从句(从句动词用过去式)

常见句式:现完+since+过去式

(5)短暂(动词)变延续

句中有“for+时间/how long”用现在完成时且短暂性动词需转换为have/has been格式,如:

①. die →have/has been dead

②. marry →have/has been married

③. leave →have/has been away ④. begin/start →have/has been on

⑤. join →have/has been in

口诀:有for+时间用have/has been

特殊①. borrow/lend → have kept (保管)②. buy → have had(拥有) 比较:I borrowed a book a week ago. I have kept the book for a week.

I bought a car last year. I have had the car for a year.

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