I NSPECTION C HECKLIST FOR THE P HARMACEUTICALS MACT S TANDARD
40CFR P ART 63
September2001
Disclaimer
The United State Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) designed this checklist as a compliance tool and/or a guidance document to be used by USEPA, State and Local agency inspectors, as well as the pharmaceutical industry, for the purposes of a facility compliance inspection or a self audit. This checklist is not intended, nor can it be relied on, to create any rights enforceable by any party in litigation with the United States. EPA and State and Local officials may decide to follow this checklist or to act at variance with it, based on analysis of specific site circumstances. This checklist may be revised without public notice to reflect changes in EPA’s policy. The most current version will be posted on the pharmaceutical MACT website. The address is: https://www.doczj.com/doc/a511696371.html,/ttn/uatw/pharma/pharmpg.html
This checklist is meant to be used for onsite inspections; therefore, certain records and reports that might need to be reviewed prior to the onsite inspection are not addressed in this checklist. For example, we do not discuss precompliance reports or stack tests.
Please refer to Table 1 of the pharmaceuticals NESHAP for overlapping provisions with 40 CFR part 63 subpart A (General Provisions). All provisions in Table 1 and definitions in the General Provisions are incorporated by reference.
Please be aware that the USEPA made its best effort to make this an accurate inspection checklist, however, in the event that there are typing errors or deviations from the final pharmaceutical MACT rule, the final rule stands.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. GENERAL APPLICABILITY (1)
A.Is the facility a major HAP source? (1)
B.Does the facility produce any pharmaceutical products? (1)
C.Are any processes that produce a pharmaceutical product using, processing, or
producing HAP? (1)
D.Are any of the following HAP emission points located within pharmaceutical
manufacturing process units? (1)
E.Was the pollution prevention alternative selected for one or more processes? (1)
II. COMPLIANCE DEADLINES (2)
A.All Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Operations Subject to New Source Standards (2)
B.All Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Operations Subject to Existing Source Standards (2)
III. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS (3)
A.Performance Testing (3)
B.Initial Notifications (3)
C.Notification of Compliance Status Report (NOCSR) (4)
D.Periodic Reports (6)
E.Process Changes (10)
F.Startup, Shutdown and Malfunction (SSM) Plan (11)
G.Startup, Shutdown and Malfunction Reports (12)
IV.RECORDKEEPING (13)
A.Data Retention (13)
B.Records for Emission Points (13)
V. REQUIREMENTS FOR PROCESS VENTS (13)
A.Applicability (13)
B.Control Requirements for Process Vents at Existing Sources (14)
C.Control Requirements for Process Vents at New Sources (19)
D.Recordkeeping Specific for Process Vents (22)
E.Reporting Specific for Process Vents (24)
VI. REQUIREMENTS FOR STORAGE TANKS (24)
A.Applicability (24)
B.Control Requirements for Storage Tanks (25)
C.Recordkeeping Requirements for Storage Tanks (27)
D.Periodic Reports for Storage Tanks Equipped with a Closed-Vent System
Routed to a Control Device (29)
VII. REQUIREMENTS FOR WASTEWATER STREAMS (29)
A.Applicability (29)
B.Control Requirements for Wastewater Streams and Residuals (31)
C.Maintenance Wastewater Requirements (34)
D.Monitoring Requirements (34)
E.Recordkeeping Requirements (35)
VIII. REQUIREMENTS FOR EQUIPMENT LEAKS (38)
A.Applicability (38)
B.Monitoring (39)
C.Records of LDAR Programs (40)
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IX. HEAT EXCHANGE SYSTEMS (46)
A.Applicability (46)
B.Monitoring (47)
C.Recordkeeping (48)
D.Reporting (49)
X.POLLUTION PREVENTION (P2) – 40 CFR 63.1252 (49)
A.For facilities using 75% HAP emission reduction P2 plan –
Monitoring and Recordkeeping (49)
B.For facilities using 50% HAP emission reduction with 25% add-on control P2 plan –
Monitoring and Recordkeeping (49)
XI. GENERIC CHECKLIST ITEMS: EMISSION STREAMS ROUTED TO A CONTROL DEVICE..50
A.Control Devices (50)
B.Monitoring for Alternative Standard (53)
C.Exceedances of Operating Parameters (54)
D.Excursions of Operating Parameters (54)
E.Control Device Data Sheets (55)
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Section I. General Applicability 1
I. GENERAL APPLICABILITY
Note: The answers to question A, B, and C must be “yes” for the facility to be subject to the pharmaceuticals NESHAP. Additionally, research and development facilities are not subject to the pharmaceuticals NESHAP.A.Is the facility a major HAP source?
[ ]Potential to emit $ 10 tons per year (tpy) of any of the 188 HAPs listed
in §112(b) of the Clean Air Act (with the exception of delisted HAPs), or [ ]Potential to emit $ 25 tpy of total HAPs.
Note: Although research and development facilities are not subject to the pharmaceuticals NESHAP, their emissions must be included in the potential to emit calculations.
Yes [ ] No [ ]
B.Does the facility produce any pharmaceutical products? (Check all of
the following that apply.)
[ ]Any material described by the SIC code 2833 or 2834
[ ]Any material whose manufacturing process is described by NAICS
code 325411 or 325412[ ]A finished dosage form of a drug (e.g., tablet, capsule, solution, etc.)[ ]Any active ingredient or precursor produced at a facility whose primary
operations are described by SIC code 2833 or 2834[ ]Any material whose primary use is as an active ingredient that is
produced at a facility whose primary operations are not described by SIC code 2833 or 2834Yes [ ] No [ ]C.Are any processes that produce a pharmaceutical product using,
processing, or producing HAP?Yes [ ] No [ ]D.Are any of the following HAP emission points located within
pharmaceutical manufacturing process units? (Check the emission points below that apply.)
[ ]Process vents [ ]Storage tanks
[ ]Wastewater streams and treatment operations [ ]Equipment containing or contacting a HAP
Yes [ ] No [ ]
E.Was the pollution prevention alternative selected for one or more
processes?
Note: If the answer to this question is “yes,” skip sections V through VIII of this checklist for that process or processes.
Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
Section II. Compliance Deadlines 2
II. COMPLIANCE DEADLINES
A.All Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Operations Subject to New Source
Standards
1.Except as specified in questions 2 through 4, was the new or
reconstructed affected source in compliance upon startup or August 29,2000 (i.e., the date of publication of the final amendments), whichever was later?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
2.Affected sources that commenced construction or reconstruction after
April 2, 1997 and before September 21, 1998 are not required to comply with the new source requirements in the amended final rule until September 21, 2001 if both of the following are true:
a)Are the requirements of the amended final rule more stringent
than the requirements published on September 21, 1998? and Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]b)Did the facility comply with the April 2, 1997 proposed rule during
the period until September 21, 2001?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
3.Affected sources that commenced construction or reconstruction after
September 21, 1998 and before April 10, 2000 are not required to
comply with the new source requirements in the amended final rule until October 21, 2002 if both of the following are true:
a)Are the requirements of the amended final rule more stringent
than the requirements published on September 21, 1998? and Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]b)Did the facility comply with the requirements published on
September 21, 1998 during the period between startup and October 21, 2002?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]4.Affected sources that commenced construction or reconstruction after
April 10, 2000 and before August 29, 2000 are not required to comply with the new source requirements of the amended final rule until August 29, 2001 if both of the following are true:
a)Are the requirements of the amended final rule more stringent that
the proposed amendments? and Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]b)Did the facility comply with the requirements published on
September 21, 1998 during the period between startup and August 29, 2001?
Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]B.All Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Operations Subject to Existing
Source Standards
Were all emission points in compliance by October 21, 2002, or by the date of a compliance extension granted under § 63.1250(f)(6)(i)?
Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
III. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS
A.Performance Testing
Note: The questions in this section apply for each individual control device for which a performance test is required. Facilities may submit an
application for approval of an alternative test method, which must be
reviewed and approved per §63.7(f).
1.Did the facility conduct an initial performance test of all pollution control
equipment for which it is required?
(If the inlet HAP emissions to a pollution control device exceed 10 tpy, and the control device is used to control process vent emissions, an
initial performance test is generally required. A performance test is not required for vents using the alternative standard as described by
§63.1254(c). Either performance tests or design evaluations may be conducted for control devices used to control storage tanks or
wastewater systems. Note that no performance tests are required for floating roofs, process heaters > 44 MW with vent introduced into the flame zone, condensers, or RCRA devices.)Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
2.Did the facility notify the regulatory authority at least 60 days prior to
each test? (§63.1260(l))Yes [ ] No [ ]
3.Did the facility submit the test plan and emission profile with the
notification of the performance test? (§63.1260(l))Yes [ ] No [ ]
4.Was the initial performance test plan approved by EPA within 60 days
of submission? (§63.7(c)(3))
Note: The facility can proceed with the performance test if EPA does not
respond within the specified review period.
Yes [ ] No [ ]
B.Initial Notifications
1.For pharmaceutical manufacturing operations subject to existing source
standards:
a)Does the report contain all of the following information
(§63.9(b)(2)(i) through (v)):
?The name and address of the owner or operator?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
?The physical location (address) of the affected sources?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
?The relevant standard, or other requirements, that are the basis of the notification?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
?The source’s compliance date?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]? A brief description of the nature, size, design, and method of
operations of the source, including its operating and design capacity and a preliminary identification of emission sources?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
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? A statement indicating that the affected source is a major source?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
b)Did the facility submit the notification within 120 calendar days after
September 21, 1998?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
2.For new or reconstructed sources or dedicated PMPU:
a)Did the facility submit a notification of intention to construct a new
major affected source, reconstruct a major affected source, or
reconstruct a major source such that it becomes a major affected
source (§63.1260(b) and §63.9(b))? The notification should have
been submitted in accordance with one of the following:
?If construction or reconstruction began BEFORE the effective date of the Pharmaceutical MACT standard (i.e., September 21,
1998), was the notification submitted with the faclility’s
application for approval to construct or reconstruct, and did it indicate the date when construction or reconstruction began?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
?If construction or reconstruction began AFTER the effective date of the Pharmaceutical MACT standard, did the notification indicate the date when construction began, and was the report
postmarked no later than 30 days after such date (§63.9(b)(4)(iii))?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
b)Did the facility submit a notification of the anticipated startup of the
source, and was it delivered or postmarked between 30 and 60 days before such date (§63.9(b)(4)(iv))?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
c)Did the facility submit a notification of the actual startup date, and
was is delivered or postmarked within 15 days after that date (§63.9(b)(4)(v))?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
C.Notification of Compliance Status Report (NOCSR)
Note: This Checklist identifies the types of information that must be
included in the NOCSR, but an evaluation of whether the information
demonstrates compliance is beyond the scope of this checklist. See
§63.1260(f) in the rule for guidance on how to evaluate the information.
1.Did the facility submit a NOCSR within 150 days after the applicable
compliance date (i.e., by March 21, 2003 for existing sources and 150
days after startup for new sources) (§63.1260(f))? Yes [ ] No [ ]
2.Did the report include the results of all applicability determinations,
emissions calculations, and/or analyses used to identify and quantify HAP emissions from the affected source (§63.1260(f)(1))?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
3.Did the report include the results of emissions profiles, performance
tests, engineering analyses, design evaluations, and/or calculations used to demonstrate compliance (§63.1260(f)(2))?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
a)For performance tests, did the results include descriptions of
sampling and analysis procedures and quality assurance procedures?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
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4.Did the report contain each of the following about monitoring
(§63.1260(f)(3)):
a)Descriptions of monitoring devices?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
b)Descriptions of monitoring frequencies?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
c)Values for monitoring parameters established during the initial
compliance determinations, and the supporting data and calculations?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
d) A definition of the source’s operating day or block used to determine
average values of monitored parameters? If using an operating
day, does the definition include the times an operating day begins and ends?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
5.Did the report contain a list of operating scenarios for each process
(§63.1260(f)(4))?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
6.Did the report contain descriptions of worst-case operating and/or
testing conditions for applicable control devices (§63.1260(f)(5))?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
7.For processes subject to equipment leak provisions:
a)Did the report include the following general information
(§63.1255(h)(2)(i)):
?The process group identification?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
?The number of each equipment type in organic HAP service, excluding equipment in vacuum service?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
?The method of compliance with the standard (e.g., “monthly LDAR” or “equipped with dual mechanical seal”)?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
b)For enclosed-vented process units, did the report include the
following information (§63.1255(h)(2)(iii)):
?Process identification?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
? A description of the system used to create a negative pressure
in the enclosure and the control device used to comply with the requirements of §63.1255(b)(3)?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
c)For each process subject to the requirements for pressure testing in
§63.1255(b)(4)(iv), did the report include the following information (§63.1255(h)(2)(ii)):
? A listing of all applicable products or product codes?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
? A planned schedule for pressure testing when equipment is
configured for production of products subject to the equipment leak provisions?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
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8.If the source is using a series of wastewater treatment devices or a
series of control devices to control emissions from wastewater streams,
did the report identify the treatment and/or control devices, including the first and last in each series (§63.1256(g)(7)(i)(C) and (ii)(B))?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
9.If the source uses process knowledge to determine annual average HAP
concentrations in a wastewater stream, did the report document how the
partially soluble, soluble, and/or total HAP concentrations were determined (§63.1257(e)(ii)(B))?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
10.Did the report include a statement by the owner or operator as to
whether the source has complied with the relevant standard or other
requirements (§63.9(h)(2)(i)(G))?Yes [ ] No [ ] 11.Did the report identify emission points subject to overlapping
requirements and the authority under which the facility complies (§63.1260(f)(6))?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
D.Periodic Reports
1.Except under the conditions specified in items 2 and 4 of this checklist,
has the facility submitted Periodic Reports semiannually beginning 240
days after the due date of the NOCSR (i.e., by November 15, 2003 for
existing sources and 390 days after startup for new sources)?
(§63.1260(g)(1))
Note: For existing sources, the compliance date is October 21, 2002, and the NOCSR is due 150 days after the compliance date (i.e., March 21, 2003 unless a compliance extension was granted). The first periodic report is due 240 days after March 21, 2003. Thus, the first periodic report is due November 15, 2003 unless a compliance extension was granted.Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
2.If the facility experienced an exceedance of a temperature monitoring
limit for a condenser, an exceedance of an outlet concentration limit when monitoring with a CEM, or an exceedance of any of the
parametric monitoring limits specified in §63.1258(b)(5) for the
alternative standard: (§63.1260(g)(1)(ii))
a)Were the Periodic Reports submitted quarterly? or Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
b)Has the source received permission to revert back to semiannual
reporting?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
3.Does the report identify each new operating scenario that was
implemented during the reporting period? (§63.1260(g)(2)(vii)) Note: For the initial periodic report, each operating scenario for each process operated since the compliance date must be submitted.Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
4.When a new operating scenario was implemented since the last report,
did the source submit reports quarterly? (§63.1260(g)(1)(iii))Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
5.Do the reports include all of the following (§63.1260(g)(2)(i) and
§63.10(e)(3)(vi)):
a)The affected source’s company name and address?Yes [ ] No [ ]
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b)Identification of each HAP monitored at the affected source?Yes [ ] No [ ]
c)Beginning and ending dates of the reporting period?Yes [ ] No [ ]
d) A brief description of the process units?Yes [ ] No [ ]
e) A description of any changes in processes or controls since the last
reporting period?Yes [ ] No [ ] f)The emission and operating limitations applicable to the affected
source under 40 CFR part 63, subpart GGG?Yes [ ] No [ ] g)The total operating time of the affected source during the reporting
period?Yes [ ] No [ ] h)An emissions data summary (or similar summary if the affected
source is monitoring control system parameters), including each of
the following:
?The total duration of excess emissions, expressed in hours?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
?The total duration of excess emissions, expressed as a percent of the total source operating time during the reporting period?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
? A breakdown of the total duration of excess emissions during the reporting period into those that are due to startup/shutdown,
control equipment problems, process problems, other known causes, and other unknown causes?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
i)The name, title, and signature of the responsible official who is
certifying the accuracy of the report?Yes [ ] No [ ] j)The date of the report?Yes [ ] No [ ]
6.Periodic reporting requirements for CMS.
a)For each CMS, do the reports include all of the following:
(§63.10(e)(3)(vi)(F), (G), and (K))
?Equipment manufacturer(s) and model number(s)?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
?Date of latest CMS certification or audit?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
? A description of any changes in CMS since the last reporting period?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
b)For each CMS, do the reports include a CMS performance summary
(or similar summary if the affected source is monitoring control
system parameters) that contains all of the following
(§63.1260(g)(2)(i) and §63.10(e)(3)(vi)(J)):
?The total CMS downtime during the reporting period, expressed in hours?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
?The total duration of CMS downtime, expressed as a percent of the total source operating time during that reporting period?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
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? A breakdown of the total CMS downtime during the reporting period that are due to monitoring equipment malfunctions, non-monitoring equipment malfunctions, quality assurance/quality
control calibrations, other known causes, and other unknown causes?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
c)If the total duration of excess emissions, parameter exceedances, or
excursions is $1 percent of the total operating time during the
reporting period or the total CMS downtime is $5 percent of the total operating time during the reporting period, does the report include each of the following (§63.1260(g)(2)(ii)(D) and §63.10(c)(5) through
(13)):
?The date and time during which the CMS was inoperative except for zero and high-level checks?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
?The date and time during which the CMS was out of control? Note: “Out-of-control” includes periods when (1) the zero-, mid-, or high-level calibration drift exceeds 2 times the drift specification; or (2) the CMS fails a performance test audit, relative accuracy audit, relative accuracy test audit, or linearity test audit (§63.8(c)(7)(i)).Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
?Date and time of commencement and completion of each period of excess emissions and parameter monitoring
exceedances that occurs during startups, shutdowns, and malfunctions of the affected source?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
?Date and time of commencement and completion of each period of excess emissions and parameter monitoring
exceedances that occurs during periods other than startups, shutdowns, and malfunctions of the affected source?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
?The nature and cause of any malfunction?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]?The corrective action taken or preventive measures adopted?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
?The nature of the repairs or adjustments to the CMS that was inoperative or out of control?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
?The total process operating time during the reporting period?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
7.If the total duration of excess emissions, parameter exceedances, or
excursions for the reporting period is $1 percent of the total operating
time for the reporting period, or the total downtime for the reporting
period is $5 percent of the total operating time, does the report include
each of the following (§63.1260(g)(2)(ii)(A) through (C)):
a)Monitoring data, including 15-minute monitoring values and daily (or
block) average values of monitored parameters, for all operating
days when the average values were outside of the ranges established in the NOCSR or operating permit?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
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b)Duration of excursions?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
c)Operating logs and operating scenarios for all operating days when
the values are outside the levels established in the NOCSR or operating permit?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
8.For each inspection conducted on a vapor collection system, closed-
vent system, fixed roof, cover, or enclosure pursuant to §63.1258(h)(2) or (3) during which a leak is detected during the reporting period, does the report include all of the following information (§63.1260(g)(2)(iii) and
§63.1259(i)(7)):
a)The instrument identification number(s)?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
b)The operator name or initials?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
c)Identification of the equipment?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
d)The date the leak was detected?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
e)The date of the first attempt to repair the leak?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
f)The maximum instrument reading measured (by the method in
§63.1258(h)(4)) after the leak is successfully repaired or determined to be nonrepairable?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
g)If the leak is not repaired within 15 calendar days after discovery of
the leak, each of the following:
? A statement that repair is delayed?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
?The reason for the delay?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]?The name, initials, or other form of identification of the owner or
operator (or designee) whose decision it was that repair could not be effected without a shutdown?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
?The expected date of successful repair?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
h)Dates of shutdowns that occur while the equipment is unrepaired?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
i)The date of successful repair of the leak?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
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9.For each vapor collection system or closed-vent system with a bypass
line and a flow indicator (i.e., subject to §63.1252(b)(1)), does the report include the following records (§63.1260(g)(2)(iv) and §63.1259(i)(6)(i)):
a)Records identifying the hourly periods during which a diversion of
the vent stream from the control device was detected?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
b)Records of the times and durations of all periods when the vent
stream is diverted?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
c)Records of times and durations of all periods when the flow indicator
is not operating?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
10.For each vapor collection system or closed-vent system with a bypass
line and a bypass line valve that is secured with a car seal or lock and key (i.e., subject to §63.1252(b)(2)), does the report include records of the following occurrences (§63.1260(g)(2)(iv) and §63.1259(i)(6)(ii)):
a)All periods in which the seal mechanism is broken?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
b)All periods in which the bypass valve position has changed?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
c)All periods when the key to unlock the bypass line valve was
checked out?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
11.Does the report include the following statements when applicable
(§63.1260(g)(2)(v)):
a)No excess emissions?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
b)No exceedances of a parameter?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
c)No excursions?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
d)No CMS has been inoperative, out of control, repaired, or adjusted?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ] 12.For each storage tank subject to control requirements, does the report
identify periods of planned routine maintenance during which the control
device did not meet the control requirements specified in §63.1253(b) through (d)? (§63.1260(g)(2)(vi))Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
E.Process Changes
1.Has the facility made any process changes or a change in the
information submitted in the NOCSR? (§63.1260(h)(1))
Note: For the purposes of §63.1260(h)(1), a process change means the
starting of a new process.
Yes [ ] No [ ]
2.If the answer to question G.1 is “yes,” did the facility submit a summary
of the changes in its Periodic Report? (See Checklist item III.G.5.e)Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
10
3.Does the report or summary include the following items
(§63.1260(h)(1)(i)):
a) A brief description of the process change?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
b) A description of any modifications to standard procedures or
quality assurance procedures?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
c)Any revisions to the information reported in the original
NOCSR? (see Checklist item III.E)Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
d)Information required by the NOCSR for changes involving the
addition of processes or equipment? (See Checklist item III.E)Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
4.Did the facility submit a report 60 days before the scheduled
implementation date of either of the following: (§63.1260(h)(2))
a)Any change in the activity covered by the Precompliance
Report? or Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
b) A change in the status of a control device from small to large?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
F.Startup, Shutdown and Malfunction (SSM) Plan
1.Has the facility developed and implemented a SSM plan for the
processing equipment, control devices, and monitors at the affected
source?
If “yes,” continue with the remaining questions in this section.
(§63.1259(a)(3) and §63.6(e)(3))
Yes [ ] No [ ]
2.Does the plan describe procedures for operating and maintaining the
source during periods of SSM? (§63.1259(a)(3) and §63.6(e)(3)(i))Yes [ ] No [ ]
3.Does the plan include a program of corrective action for malfunction of
process, air pollution control equipment, and monitoring equipment used
to comply with the relevant standard? (§63.1259(a)(3) and
§63.6(e)(3)(i))
Note: Malfunctions means any sudden, infrequent, and not reasonably
preventable failure of air pollution control equipment, process equipment, or
a process to operate in a normal manner
Yes [ ] No [ ]
4.Does the plan identify all routine or otherwise predictable CMS
malfunctions? (§63.6(e)(3)(i))
Yes [ ] No [ ]
5.Does the facility keep the plan on site and readily available for
inspection for the life of the source or until the source is no longer
subject to the rule? (§63.1259(a)(3) and §63.6(e)(3)(v))
Yes [ ] No [ ]
6.If the plan has been revised, does the facility keep previous versions of
the plan on site and readily available for inspection for a period of 5 years after each revision? (§63.1259(a)(3) and §63.6(e)(3)(v))Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
11
7.Does the plan include the following written procedures for managing
maintenance wastewater (§63.1256(a)(4)(i):
a)Descriptions of the process equipment and/or maintenance tasks
expected to create wastewater during maintenance activities?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
b)Procedures for properly managing the wastewater and minimizing
organic HAP emissions to the atmosphere?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
c)Procedures for clearing materials from process equipment?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
8.Does the facility modify and update the procedures for managing
maintenance wastewater as needed following each maintenance
procedure based on actions taken and the wastewater generated in the preceding maintenance procedure? (§63.1256(a)(4)(ii))Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
9.Does the plan include written procedures identifying the conditions that
justify delay of repair of leaking equipment? (§63.1255(g)(4)(v)(A)) Note: The written procedure may be maintained in a separate document that is maintained at the plant site.Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
G.Startup, Shutdown and Malfunction Reports
Note: If no startup, shutdown, or malfunction occurs during a reporting
period, a SSM Report is not required.
1.For each semi-annual reporting period, has the facility prepared a SSM
Report to document each incident that is a startup, shutdown, or malfunction, as defined in §63.1251)?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
2.Does the report indicate the duration of each malfunction of air pollution
control equipment or CMSs used to comply with the rule? (§63.1260(i) and §63.1259(a)(3)(i) and (ii))Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
3.For each SSM, does the report indicate one of the following (§63.1260(i)
and §63.1259(a)(3)(iii)):
a)That the procedures specified in the SSM plan were followed? or Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
b)Any actions taken that were inconsistent with the SSM plan?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
4.Each time actions were taken that were not consistent with the SSM
plan. (§63.1260(i) and §63.10(d)(5)(ii))
a)Did the facility report the actions in accordance with both of the
following?
?Contact the Administrator by phone or fax within 2 working days after beginning the actions to describe the actions taken? and Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
12
Section IV. Recordkeeping
13
?
Submit a letter within 7 working days after the end of the event that explains the circumstances of the event, the reasons for not following the SSM plan, and whether any excess emissions and/or parameter monitoring exceedances occurred?
Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]b)Alternatively, did the facility report the actions in accordance with
alternative procedures arranged in advance with the state permitting authority?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]5.Does each report include the name, title, and signature of the
responsible official certifying the accuracy of the report? (§63.1260(i)and §63.10(d)(5)(i))Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
IV.RECORDKEEPING A.Data Retention
Does the facility retain records for at least 5 years, with records from at least the most recent 2 years retained on site? (§63.1259(a)(1) and §63.10(b)(1))Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
B.Records for Emission Points
Note: Records for specific operating parameters for an emission point are covered under the Checklist item for that emission point (i.e., Checklist items V through VIII).V. REQUIREMENTS FOR PROCESS VENTS A.Applicability
1.For each process, do any of the vents within the process release, or
have the potential to release, an undiluted and uncontrolled gas stream containing $50 ppmv HAP?Note : If the answer to question A.1 is “yes,” all of the vents within the process that contain $50 ppmv HAP are process vents, and are subject to the rule.
Yes [ ] No [ ]
2.Is the process associated with an existing or new source?
[ ]Existing source [ ]New source
Existing sources – all sources that are not new sources.
New sources – affected sources that commenced construction or reconstruction after April 2, 1997. A dedicated PMPU on which construction commenced after April 2, 1997, or reconstruction commenced after October 21, 1999, is also subject to new source requirements if the new or
reconstructed unit has the potential to emit 10 tpy or more of any one HAP or 25 tpy or more of total HAPs.
B.Control Requirements for Process Vents at Existing Sources
https://www.doczj.com/doc/a511696371.html,pliance Options for “Large” Vents
Note: Large vents are those with: (1) > 25 tpy uncontrolled emissions from either individual unit operations or vents from multiple unit operations within a single process that are manifolded
together, and (2) a Flow-weighted average flow rate (FR
a ) less than or equal to the Flow rate
index (FRI) as determined by equations 1 and 2 of §63.1254(a)(3)(i). The source should identify such vents in the NOCSR.
a)If the process contains any large vents, with which of the following options does the
facility comply?
[ ]The 98 percent control level as determined by a review of the operating scenario?
(§63.1254(a)(3)(i)) (See also Checklist item V.B.3 for halogenated vent streams, if
applicable, and complete the appropriate control device data sheet in Checklist
item XI.E to verify compliance with monitoring parameter limits identified in the
operating scenario.)
[ ]The 93 percent control level for control devices installed before April 2, 1997 (see Checklist items V.B.1.b through f for additional requirements, and see Checklist
item V.B.3 for halogenated vent streams, if applicable)
[ ]Alternative Standard (see Checklist item V.B.5 for requirements)
[ ]Outlet Concentration Limit(s) (with continuous compliance demonstrated by parametric monitoring; see Checklist item V.B.6)
[ ]Exempted Control Device (see Checklist item V.B.7)
b)Except under the conditions specified in questions (d) through (f), if
the control device was installed prior to April 2, 1997, does it reduce
emissions by the greater of the following: (§63.1254(a)(3)(ii)(A)(2))
Note: The pollution prevention option and hydrogenation provisions are
not included in this checklist because they are beyond the scope of a
routine inspection and have limited applicability in the industry.
?By a minimum of 93 percent as demonstrated by the operating
scenario? (See also Checklist item V.B.3 for halogenated vent streams)Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
?By the same level of control as specified in the preconstruction permit?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
c)Are control device operating parameters being operated within the
values identified in the operating scenario?
Note: See Checklist items in section XI.A for the appropriate monitoring parameters for different types and sizes of control devices. Complete the appropriate control device data sheet in section XI.E to check compliance with the monitoring parameter limits.Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
14
d)If the control device was reconstructed after April 2, 1997, does
the revised operating scenario demonstrate that the control device reduces emissions by 98 percent or that it satisfies one of the other
options in Checklist item V.B.1.a (except the 93 percent option)? (§63.1254(a)(3)(ii)(A)(3))Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
e)If it has been at least 15 years since issuance of the control
device preconstruction permit, and the date of the inspection is after April 2, 2007, has the control device been upgraded
reconstructed or replaced, and does the revised operating scenario demonstrate that the control device reduces emissions by
98 percent or that it satisfies one of the other options in Checklist
item V.B.1.a (except the 93 percent option)? (§63.1254(a)(3)(ii)(A)(4))Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
https://www.doczj.com/doc/a511696371.html,pliance Options for all Vents Within a Process Except Large Vents
a)For vents that are not large vents, with which of the following options is the facility seeking
to comply? (see notes for allowed combinations of options)
[ ]Process Based Annual Mass Limit (PBAML) (see section V.B.2.b for requirements) [ ]Process Based Emission Reduction Requirement (PBERR) (see section V.B.2.c for compliance requirements)
[ ]Alternative Standard (see section V.B.5 of this checklist for requirements)
[ ]Outlet Concentration Limit(s) (with continuous compliance demonstrated by parametric monitoring; see section V.B.6 of this checklist for requirements) [ ]Exempted Control Device (see section V.B.7 of this checklist)
Note: The facility may comply with a combination of the PBAML and the alternative standard for different vents within the process.
Note: The facility may comply with any combination of the alternative standard, the outlet concentration option, the exempt control devices, and the PBERR for different vents within a process.
b)Process Based Annual Mass Limit (§63.1254(a)(2))
?Are the emissions from the sum of all process vents (excluding
any large vents and any vents subject to the alternative standard) # 2,000 lb/yr (900 kg/yr)?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
?If the facility is complying with the PBAML for more than one process, are the emissions from the sum of all process vents
from all processes subject to the PBAML # 4,000 lb/yr (1,800 kg/yr)?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
15
?If a control device is used to comply with the PBAML, is it being operated within the parameter values identified in the operating scenario?
Note: See Checklist items in section XI.A for the appropriate monitoring parameters for different types and sizes of control devices. Complete the appropriate control device data sheet in section XI.E to check compliance with the monitoring parameter limits.Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
c)Process-Based Emission Reduction Requirement (§63.1254(a)(1)(i))
?Does the operating scenario demonstrate a 93 percent reduction
in HAP emissions from the sum of all vents within the process that are subject to the PBERR?
Note: Operating scenario percent reduction demonstration should be included in the NOCSR.Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
?Are the control devices being operated within the parameter values identified in the operating scenario?
Note: See Checklist items in section XI.A for the appropriate monitoring parameters for different types and sizes of control devices. Complete the appropriate control device data sheet in section XI.E to check compliance with the monitoring parameter limits.Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
?If the source has changed from compliance with the PBAML to compliance with the PBERR, had they been complying with the
PBAML for at least 365 days before the switch? See Checklist item V.D.6 for records of compliance with the PBAML.Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
3.Additional Compliance Requirements for Halogenated Streams that are
Controlled with Combustion Devices (§63.1252(g))
a)Are any halogenated vent streams controlled with a combustion
device?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
b)If the answer to question (a) is “yes,” does the facility comply with
one of the following:
?Is the vent stream routed to a halogen reduction device after the combustion device that reduces overall emissions of hydrogen
halides and halogens by 95 percent or to a concentration #20 ppmv? or Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
?Is the vent stream routed to a halogen reduction device before
the combustion control device that reduces the halogen atom concentration to #20 ppmv?Yes [ ] No [ ]
N/A [ ]
16
０６葡萄牙语综合辅导葡萄牙语问候常用语 English Portuguese Pronunciation/Notes Hello Olá Olah – This is quite an informal greeting. How are you? (formal) Como está? Komu eshta? – You often say things differently depending on whether you are speaking formally or informally. Speak formally to people you meet for the first time, people older than you, or as a general sign of respect. How are you? (informal) Como estás? Komu eshtazh? – This is the informal variation, which is only used with people you know well, family members, children, or people significantly younger than yourself. I’m OK, thank you. Estou bem, obrigado/a Eshtoh baym[ng], Obrigahdu/a – lit. “I am well, thank you.” This is perhaps the most common response to the above question. For ‘thank you’, men say ‘obrigado’, women say ‘obrigada’ (regardless of whether the person they are talking to is male or female).*
宾夕法尼亚大学研究生申请条件及专业 介绍
目录 宾夕法尼亚州立大学简介 2 宾夕法尼亚州立大学研究生申请及专业介绍 (3) 宾夕法尼亚州立大学申请条件 (6) 宾夕法尼亚州立大学良好就业概况 (7) 宾夕法尼亚州立大学杰出校友 (7) 宾夕法尼亚州立大学学校排名 (8) 宾夕法尼亚州立大学简介 宾夕法尼亚大学（University of Pennsylvania 简称UPenn）〃位于宾夕法尼亚州的费城〃是美国一所著名的私立研究型大学〃八所常青藤盟校之一。
学校创建于1740年〃是美国第四古老的高等教育机构〃也是美国第一所从事科学技术和人文教育的现代高等学校。独立宣言的9位签字者和美国宪法的11位签字者与该校有关。本杰明·富兰克林是学校的创建人。 宾夕法尼亚大学在艺术、人文、社会科学、建筑与工程教育上处于领先地位〃其中最为知名的学科是商学、法学与医学。学校拥有约4,500名教授〃近 10,000名全日制本科生与11,000多名研究生。2012年学校的科研经费达到9.23亿美元〃从事研究的人员包括约4,200名教职工〃 870名博士后〃3,800名研究生与5,400多名技术人员。同时〃学校每年的建设投入达到4亿美元以上〃在著名的常春藤盟校中名列前茅。 宾夕法尼亚州立大学研究生申请及专业介绍 商学院 工商管理托福总分100（口语单项不低于20）或雅思7.0，GMAT649或GRE,GPA3.4，学费$36,962/年，申请截止日期1…… https://www.doczj.com/doc/a511696371.html,passedu.hk/majr_38818 高级工商管理托福总分100（口语单项不低于20）或雅思7.0，GMAT649或 GRE,GPA3.4，6年以上工作经验,学费$36,962/…… https://www.doczj.com/doc/a511696371.html,passedu.hk/majr_38819 工程学院 航空航天工程托福80（口语单项不低于19分）或雅思6.5，GRE315阅读均分156数学均分159写作均分4.0,GPA3.5以上，学费$…… https://www.doczj.com/doc/a511696371.html,passedu.hk/majr_38820 建筑工程托福80（口语单项不低于19分）或雅思6.5，GRE，GPA3.0以上，学费$32,180/年，申请截止日期1月1日 https://www.doczj.com/doc/a511696371.html,passedu.hk/majr_38821 生物工程托福80（口语单项不低于19分）或雅思6.5，GRE，GPA3.0以上，学费$32,180/年，申请截止日期12月15日
个人信息（Personal information） 姓名（name）：邵钎（Shao Qian） 年龄（age）：13 出生日期（Date of birth）:2003年4月24日（April Twenty-four,2003） 护照（Pasport）: 所在学校（school where）：北京市中关村外国语学校（Beijing Zhongguancun Foreign Language School） 手机号（Cell-phone number）： 护照号（Pasport number）: 海关问题 1. How long are you going to stay?你将停留多久？ 2. I am going to stay for two weeks.我将停留两周。 3. Do you have any relatives in the United States?你在美国有亲戚 吗？ 4. No，I didn’t.不，我没有。 5. Would you please tell me where is the check-in counter of_airlines? 请问XX航空柜台在哪里？ 6. Which city will you go? 你要去美国做什么 7. I will go to seattle,boston,new york,philadelphia,washington DC. 我 去参加夏令营，参观纽约，华盛顿DC，波士顿，西雅图 礼仪与询问常用语： 1.Absolutely not. 绝对不是。 2.Are you coming with me? 你跟我一起去吗? 3.Are you sure? 你能肯定吗? 4.As soon as possible. 尽快。 5.Believe me. 相信我。 6. Buy it . 买下来! 7. Call me tomorrow. 明天打电话给我。 8. Can you speak slowly? 请您说得慢些好吗? 9. Come with me. 跟我来。 10. Congratulations. 恭喜恭喜。
人教版初中作家作品归纳 七年级上册 1.《走一步，再走一步》莫顿·亨特美国作家选自《当代少年》 2.《紫藤萝瀑布》宗璞原名冯钟璞选自《铁箫人语》 3.《童趣》选自《浮生六记·闲情记趣》沈复字三白，长洲人，清代文学家 4.《理想》流沙河《流沙河诗集》 5.《论语十则》记录孔子和他弟子言行的一部书，共20 篇，是儒家经典著作之一。 6.《春》选自《朱自清全集》朱自清，原名自华，字佩弦，号秋实，原籍浙江绍兴。《背影》《春》《荷塘月色》等，是脍炙人口的名篇。 7.《济南的冬天》《老舍文集》老舍，原名舒庆春，字舍予，北京人，著名作家，长篇小说骆驼祥子，话剧《龙须沟》《茶馆》 8.鲁迅，原名周树人，浙江绍兴人，字豫才，选自《呐喊》文章有：《故乡》《孔乙己》；选自《鲁迅全集》的有：《社戏》；选自《朝花夕拾》的有：《从百草园到三味书屋》《阿长与<山海经>》《藤野先生》、；选自《野草》的有《风筝》《雪》，选自杂文《且介亭杂文》的有《中国人失掉自信力了吗》 9《金色花》选自《泰戈尔诗选》作者泰戈尔，印度文学家。 10、《纸船》选自《繁星》作者冰心，原名谢婉莹，福建长乐人，诗人、作家，代表作有《繁星》《春水》《寄小读者》；她的另一作品是《谈生命》节选自《京沪周刊》。她的作品有母爱、童真、自然三大主题。 11.《皇帝的新装》选自《安徒生童话和故事选》作者安徒生，丹麦著名童话作家，一生创作的《卖火柴的小女孩》《海的女儿》《丑小鸭》。 12.《天上的街市》和《静夜》选自《》郭沫若全集：作者郭沫若，原名郭开贞，四川乐山人，诗人，学者，代表诗集有《女神》《星空》等七年级下册： 七年级下册： 1.《爸爸的花儿落了》节选自《城南旧事》作者林海音，台湾作家。 2.《假如生活欺骗了你》节选自普希金诗集作者普希金，俄国诗人，被成为“俄国文学之父”著作有《自由颂》《致大海》《致恰达耶夫》 3.都德，法国19 世纪下半期著名的小说家。1968 年发表长篇小说《小东西》《最后一课》。写于1873 年。 4、《木兰诗》又叫《木兰辞》，是南北朝时北方的一首民歌，选自《乐府诗集》，这首诗是北朝乐府诗集的代表作。《乐府诗集》是宋代郭茂倩编辑的乐府总集。辑录汉魏到唐五代的乐府诗辞，兼及秦至唐末的歌谣，是我国文学史上的瑰宝。 5. 《闻一多先生的说和做》选自《人民日报》作者臧克家，湖北人，诗人、学者、民主战士，著作收在《闻一多全集》成为农民诗人《老马》《有的人》《罪恶的黑手》都是他的作品。 6.莫泊桑，法国最负盛名的中短篇小说家。长篇小说《一生》《漂亮朋友》，短篇小说《羊脂球》《项链》等是他的名作。他与美国的欧·亨利，俄国的契诃夫合称为世界三大短篇小说家。 7、司马光，北宋史学家、政治家。他主持编著的《资治通鉴》，294 卷，是我国一部重要的编年体通史。神宗以其“鉴于往事，有资于治道”，命名为《资治通鉴》。 8. 《伟大的悲剧》选自《人类的群星闪耀时》作者是茨威格，奥地利作家，成就主要体现在传记文学和小说创作方面。 9、笛福，英国小说家。他的作品有《鲁滨逊漂流记》《辛格顿船长》《罗克萨娜》《大疫年日记》等。《鲁滨逊漂流记》是英国第一部现实主义长篇小说，对英国小说的发展起到很大的作用。为此，笛福被誉为“英国小说之父”“鲁滨孙”已成为冒险家的代名词。
01. the / o, a, os, as 要我们掌握的第一个单词是o, a, os, as ,他们就如同英语的the, 作用也就一样了.不过为什么四个呢? o修饰单数阳性, a修饰单数阴性, os,修饰复数阳性,as 修饰复数阴性 a. Todo amor é o primeiro amor. 其实这句话的汉语意思我有点不太明确,虽然从字面上理解 Todo amor,所有的爱, é这里表示"是", o primeiro amor (第一份爱,初恋) 那么这句话是否应该理解为, "每个人都有初恋"? b. O melhor ainda está por vir! 这句话很好理解, "最好的都还没有来" o 放在表示"最好的" melhor 前, 也象英语一样,最高级前面加the? 不过到不是这个规则,我发现的是几乎连表示 "什么" 的que 前面也要加这类词. 总的来说, 是到处都会有的一个单词.虽然简单,但千万不能忘记-后面我会用专门的篇幅讲关于o,a,os,as的用法 c. O Sol nasceu pra todos. 字面意思为"太阳为每个人升起". Sol 太阳,阳性名词. 02. of / de, da, do a. What kind of music do you like? / Que tipo de música você gosta? 您希望哪种音乐 b. Which is your favorite day of the week? / Qual é o seu dia preferido da semana? 一周你最喜欢哪一天 c. Beauty is in the eye of the beholder. A beleza está nos olhos de quem vê. 这句话有点象中国的"情人眼里出西施 第二个最常用的词就是表示所属关系的 de, da, do 也就是等于英语的 of 第三个最常用的词就是表示"到......方向"的含有英语"TO"的含义 to / ao, para a. We went to Rio last year. / Nós fomos ao Rio ano passado. 我们去年去了里约热卢 b. To every problem there is a solution. / Para cada problema há uma solu??o. 每个问题都有解决办法 c. Did you lend any money to my brother? / Você emprestou algum dinheiro ao meu irm?o? 你借钱给我兄弟了吗 第四个最常见的词就是表示连接关系的 and / e a. I speak English and a little Portuguese. / Eu falo inglês e um pouco de português. 我讲英语和一点葡萄牙语 b. It’s only ten dollars and fifty cents! S?o apenas dez dólares e cinquenta centavos. 就10美圆50美分 c. They hugged and kissed each other very much! / Eles se abra?aram e beijaram muito! 他们互相拥抱,亲个不停. 第五个最常见的词，也就是英语中不定冠词a,an 类似作用的um, uma, um用在阳性单数名词前，uma用在阴性单数名词前。 05. a, an / um, uma a. I’ve got an idea! ／ Tive uma idéia! 我有个主意！ b. A moment, please. ／ Um momento, por favor. 请稍等。 c. How much is a hamburger with fries? ／ Quanto é um hambúrguer fritas? 汉堡加薯条多少钱？ 06. in / em, no, na, nos, nas
宾夕法尼亚大学 宾西法尼亚大学的校舍宏伟庄重，多为欧式建筑：峥嵘的楼顶，广阔的院落，显得古意盎然，而以实用专业著称的学术氛围，更是令无数学子向往的天堂。 性质：私立，综合性大学 位置：美国，宾夕法尼亚州，费城 成立时间：1740年 组成机构：主要由12个学院组成 校训：毫无特性的学习将一事无成 当今风采 重心是实用专业培训 在美国，许多大学都把发展重点放在理论学术研究方面，而宾夕法尼亚大学多年来却一直致力于发展实用性学科。当年本杰明成立学校时，欣赏的正是实用的训练，而不是当时新英格兰那些高等学府典型的纯学术钻研和灌输。他说他的大学“应该是一个为公民而设立的教育，其目的是通往生意或是政治的成功。” 因此，宾夕法尼亚大学的重心一直是在实用专业上，它的12所研究生院知名度最高，尤其是沃顿商学院，在全国财经学院的排名榜上几年来―直在前两名之内，与哈佛商学院不分伯仲，不知培养了多少在全球商界翻云覆雨的总裁和经理。有人甚至说，进了沃顿，后半生就有了保障。 当然，除了沃顿商学院外，宾夕法尼亚大学安能堡大众传播学院、法学院、医学院和兽医学院也在美国享有盛名。就连它的4所本科学院里，也有3所(工程学院、护士学院和沃顿商学院的本科分支)是把重心放在专业培训上。 云集了众多的数学大师
近年来，美国数学会的最高奖斯第尔奖的得主中有3位是宾夕法尼亚大学的数学家:几何学大师卡拉比、组合数学大师威而夫和算子代数大师卡迪逊。此外，华人数学泰斗邱成桐赖以成名的“卡拉比猜想”及“卡·邱曲面”即得名于宾夕法尼亚大学的教授卡拉比。 世界一流的沃顿商学院 提起宾夕法尼亚大学，很多人立即想到著名的宾夕法尼亚大学沃顿商学院。的确，沃顿纵然不是独一无二，也是绝对的世界一流。欧洲的《金融时报》曾将宾夕法尼亚大学沃顿评为世界商学院第一。每年《商业周刊》总是评沃顿第一。而在沃顿商学院内部各专业中，金融、市场营销尤负盛名。 沃顿商学院一直被认为是全美最具有开拓精神、创新意识和国际化视角的商学院。 领导、创新、企业家是沃顿商学院非常显著的特色，学生们通过“做”来培养他们的领导能力。也就是说，学生们不仅仅是通过课堂学习来掌握这项能力，更重要的是实践这一能力。作为世界上最早设置商业课程的学院，沃顿在教学上的改革可谓创新不断。可以说，经过一个世纪的创新，沃顿已经能为学生们提供世界上最先进和最现代化的MBA教育。 沃顿商学院的MBA教学是一种独特的预备课程、核心课程和各个主修专业课程领域的组合。那就是具各了19个专业，超过25个的主修专业课程领域，200多种的选修课程的多样化教学，它直接针对和适应了每一个求学者个体的需要。 值得一提的是沃顿商学院下属的公共与城市政策学院。它的前身是1937年由塞缪尔·弗尔斯帮助创立的当地与州政府研究所。1969年研究所成为一个面向全国的弗尔斯政府研究中心，并新开设了公共政策分析方面的博士学位课程。1974年，宾夕法尼亚大学在上述中心的基础上正式创办公共与城市政策学院，扩大了教学研究和公共服务的规模。目前学院主要开设公共政策分析和能源管理与政策两方面的硕士及博士学位课程。另外学院还开设众多的继续教育学位与非学位课程，如为政府行政管理人员开设的政府管理硕士学位课程。 以善于管理著称 沃顿商学院一直以最善于管理学生而著称。几乎所有的行政改革都是围绕学生而展开的。广泛地吸收学生在各个方面的建议、吸收他们关于管理、教学的建议，并使他们监督教授的上课情况，这一点已经成为沃顿商学院的显著特色。
美国基本生活用语之道别 一般情况下，美国人在正式道别前先有一个铺垫，作为告别的准备，然后才是真正的道别用语，我们在这篇短文中，首先介绍一下英、美人在正式道别前的一些方式，然后再简要介绍一些常见的道别用法。概括来说，在结束一次拜访，交谈或其它活动前，一般可由以下几种方式表示要道别。 1．申明要道别的理由： well, i’ll really have to get on my way.我真的要走了。 这个不算词组,只能算个口头语.翻译方法根据情景变化,非常多. 别听他们的,用你自己的方法来处理. dont listen to them.get on your own way. 2．评价会面的效果： it’s been nice talking to you.与你这次谈话非常愉快。 well, i don’t think all this has got us far.我想这样也谈不出什么名堂来了。 3．表示对双方将要分别后的情况的关心： mind how you go.路上当心。 have a nice day!祝您一天愉快！ take care of yourself.照顾好你自己。 不过nic在这里要提醒一下大家，take care of yourself是个祈使句，意思是要对方做有益于他自己的事，即使用祈使句也不显得无礼。但在其他场合，则应避免这种命令口气。最好加上please，或者在句末加上won’t you这类的附加问句。 4．提及将来可能的会面： see you next week then.那我们就下周再见吧。 let’s keep in touch.让我们保持联系。 keep in touch with在这里指的是保持联系，强调状态；如果我们要说与某人取得联系，则是get in touch with.顺便提一下与某人失去联系是be out of touch with sb. 5．提议双方都熟悉但与听话者关系更密切的人： give my regards to tony.代问tony好。 please give my regards to your family.请代我向你的家人问好。 在交流对方都正式准备告别时，便可利用以下一些道别语。 so long! have fun! break a leg! 后两句用在知道对方去聚会或旅行时，有“祝你玩得尽兴”的意思。尤其是最后一句，有“祝你好运的意思”，此说法源于演艺界，艺人们在首演时忌讳说“good luck！”,所以反 “不要太漂亮啦！”等等,而绝不是咒人把腿摔断。话正说，有点像现在中国南方时兴的恭维话， 红透半边天的《歌舞青春》在第一部片尾莎佩就对凯碧说过这句话。篇二：美国人常用语 thousand times no! 绝对办不到！easy does it. 慢慢来。 dont push me. 别逼我。 have a good of it.玩的很高兴。 what is the fuss？吵什么？ still up？还没睡呀？ it doesnt make any differences. 没关系。 dont let me down. 别让我失望。 god works. 上帝的安排。dont take ill of me. 别生我气。 does it serve your purpose？对你有用吗？dont flatter me. 过奖了。 big mouth! 多嘴驴！sure thing! 当然！ im going to go. 我这就去。 never mind. 不要紧。
宾夕法尼亚州 百科名片 宾夕法尼亚州 (Pennsylvania -- PA) 是美国东部一州，为立国13州之一。1787年12月12日，联邦宪法批准，宾夕法尼亚成为加入联邦的第二个州。同时也是同名战舰的名字。 目录 概述 地理位置 地理 历史沿革 大事记 经济 人口 主要城市 概述 地理位置 地理 历史沿革 大事记 经济 人口 主要城市 ?市介绍 ?行政区划 ?教育 ?交通 ?娱乐 ?重要职业运动 ?文化 ?州的象征 ?名人 ?同名战舰 展开
行政地图 编辑本段 概述 宾夕法尼亚州 (Pennsylvania -- PA) 是美国东部一州，为立国13州之一。1787年12 月12日，联邦宪法批准，宾夕法尼亚成为加入联邦的第二个州。同时也是同名战舰的名字。 编辑本段 地理位置 宾夕法尼亚州是中大西洋５州中唯一不滨海的州。但从大西洋开来的船只可沿特拉华河上溯到费城。围绕费城发展起来的宾夕法尼亚—新泽西—特拉华综合港区，别称为亚美利港，是世界第三繁忙航运中心。 宾夕法尼亚州西北临伊利湖，北和东北接纽约州，东界新泽西州，东南临特拉华州，南连马里兰州，西南为西弗吉尼亚州，西与俄亥俄州接壤。其间有特拉华河水道，是宾夕法尼亚州东南部出海的通路。东西长超过４００公里，南北宽超过２００公里。最高点为海拔９７９米，最低点为海平面（在特拉华河口）。面积１１７４０８平方公里，在５０州内列第３３位。人口１２，４４０，６２１（２００６年）。首府哈里斯堡(Harrisburg)。 宾夕法尼亚州的地理位置
１６００年前后，荷兰人、瑞典人及英国人都移民到此。１６３８年，瑞典人在特拉华 河上建立殖民区，称为“新瑞典”。１６４３年，新瑞典殖民区总督约翰·普林斯在蒂尼克 姆岛建立首府。１６４７年，荷兰移民建立贸易点。１６５５年，荷兰人与瑞典人发生 战争，荷兰获胜后统治了这个地区。１６６４年英国以约克公爵的名义从荷兰人手中夺取了这块殖民地。１６８１年英王查理二世签署特许状，把这块地方送给舰队总司令小威廉·佩恩 (William Penn)，以偿还所欠他父亲威廉·佩恩爵士的１６０００镑债款。并指定以“宾”的名字命名这一地区，同时应小威廉·佩恩的请求，加上“夕法尼亚”（林地）一词， 形成现在的州名，州名的含义即“宾（佩恩）的林地”。 该州自从建立之初就以宗教自由和政治民主著称，在北美有很大影响。美国历史上的许多重要篇章都是在宾州谱写的。由于该州地处１３州的正中（北部有６个州，南部有 ６个州），再加上该州在美国独立时的中坚作用，故有“拱顶石州”之称。１７７６年，１３州代表聚集在该州东部的费城，签署了《独立宣言》，宣告了一个新国家的诞生。宾 州的广阔天地成为华盛顿将军率军队纵横驰骋、抗击英军的战场。著名的布兰迪万河战 役就是在本州打响的，战场在费城以西４０公里的朗伍德公园附近，现已辟为纪念公园。在福奇谷（费城西北４０公里），华盛顿将军曾扎营过冬，训练部队，熬过了最艰苦的 一个冬天。人们称此地为“革命圣地”，当年华盛顿的司令部，原是一位磨坊主的石砌小层，被完好的保存下来，供人参观。南北战争期间，宾州再次成为军事、政治活动的重要舞台。宾州南界，即梅森－狄克森线，曾被视为北方自由州和南方蓄奴州的分界线。在此线附近的葛底斯堡，联邦军奋勇血战，取得决定性胜利。从此，代表农奴主利益的南军一 蹶不振，开始走向最后的败局。 最早在这个地方定居的西方移民是瑞典人和荷兰人，但这个州的名称是英国贵格会教徒威廉·佩恩起的，是拉丁文，意思是“佩恩的林地”。州内最大的两个城市也是美国的大 城市，是费城和匹兹堡，费城是美国独立战争时起草独立宣言和联邦宪法的地方，所以宾夕法尼亚州也被称为“美国的摇篮”，匹兹堡曾经是著名的钢铁城。 编辑本段 地理 西北临伊利湖，北和东北接纽约州，东界新泽西州，东南临特拉华州，南连马里兰州，西南为西弗吉尼亚州，西与俄亥俄州接壤。其间有特拉华河水道，是宾夕法尼亚州东南 部出海的通路。东西长455公里，南北宽255公里。最高点为海拔979米，平均335 米，最低点为海平面（在特拉华河口）。面积117408平方公里，陆地 116,074 平方公里,水域3,208 平方公里（2.7%）。在50州内列第33位。
十九世纪美国作家作品一览表 1.Washington Irving华盛 顿·欧文1783-1859 19世纪美国最著名的作家，号称美国文学之父。1．见闻札记1820 札记 2．布雷斯布里奇田庄；1822 短篇小说集3．旅客谈；1824 故事集 4．阿尔罕伯拉1832 游记 5．哥德斯密斯佳1840 传记 2.James Fenimore Cooper 詹姆斯·费尼莫尔·库珀1789-1851 美国文学的先驱者和奠基人之一，是第一个蜚声世界的美国作家。6．间谍1821 长篇历史小说 7．最后的莫希干人1826 长篇小说8．大草原1827 长篇小说 9．探路者1840 长篇小说 10．猎鹿人1841 长篇小说 3.William Cullen Bryant 威廉·柯伦·布莱恩特1794-1878 美国首位著名的抒情诗人。11．禁运1808 诗歌12．死亡观1811 诗歌13．致水鸟1815 诗歌14．泉1842 诗歌15．白蹄鹿1844 诗歌16．深林赋1860 诗歌17．似水年华1878 诗歌 4.Ralf Waldo Emerson拉 尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生 1803-1882 美国思想家、文学家，诗人。是确立美国文化精神的代表人物。18．杜鹃花1833 诗歌 19．论自然1836 小品文 20．《康科德赞歌》1837 诗歌21．神学院演说1838 讲演22．《随笔》1841 散文 23．论文集1841-1844 演讲汇编24．《哀歌》1842 诗歌 25．诗集1846 诗歌 26．代表人物1850 散文 27．英国人的特征1856 散文28．生活的准则1860 散文 29．社会与孤独1870 散文30．《文学与社会目标》1876 散文 5.9．Nathaniel Hawthorne 纳撒尼尔·霍桑 1804-1864 19世纪前半期美国最伟大的小说家。31．《范肖》1828 长篇小说 32．重讲一遍的故事1837 短篇小说集33．古屋青苔1843 短篇小说集 34．红字1850 长篇小说 35．带有七个尖角阁的房子1851 长篇小说36．福谷传奇1852 长篇小说 37．玉石雕像1860 长篇小说 6.亨利·华兹华斯·朗费 罗 Henry wadsworyh longfellow 1807.2-1882 19世纪美国最伟大的浪漫主义38．夜吟1839 诗歌集 39．歌谣及其他1841 诗歌集40．奴役篇1842 反蓄奴组诗41．布吕赫钟楼及其他诗1845 诗集42．《基督》1851-1872 诗剧
葡萄牙语300句
一、问候 喂aló 早/午/晚安bom dia/boa tarde /boa noite 你好olá 你好吗？ como esta？ 我很好，bem谢谢,obrigado 你呢E você? 好久不见了Há muito tempo n?o ver. 你的家人都好吗？Como está a sua família? 马马虎虎Mais ou menos ,多谢muito obrigado 在这儿遇见你太好了！ é óptimo(绝对的最高级，“最好，极好，再好不过了”) que o encontro aqui. 二、介绍 你好！Olá我的名字叫玛丽Chamo-me Maria. 请问您贵姓？Como se chama？ 我是上海人Sou de Xangai 我今年20岁Tenho 20 ano. 这是我的母亲Ela é a minha m?e. 很高兴见到你Muito contente que o encontro. 三、祝愿 生日快乐Bom aniversário. 圣诞快乐Feliz natal! 新年快乐Bom ano novo! 祝你好运Boa sorte! 一路顺风Boa viagem! 祝贺你!Parabéns!
四、请求 你能帮助我吗？Pode me ajudar？请不要担心n?o se preocupe. 请保重Cuide-de. 对不起，Desculpe, 请重复一遍outra vez,por favor。请稍候。Um momento. 五、感谢，致歉 十分感谢Muito obrigada. 谢谢光临Muito obrigado. 对不起Desculpe. 没关系De nada. 对不起，打扰了 Desculpe o incómodo（不舒服，不舒适，使人疲倦，不适合的，令人讨厌，不方便，使人难堪）! 对不起，Desculpe我来晚了estou atrasado. 非常感谢你的礼物Muito obrigada pela sua prenda. 不用谢Nada. 六、寒暄 你会说英语吗？Pode falar inglês_ 一点点Um pouco. 今天天气不错，Bom tempo不是吗？n?o é？ 今天几号？Uual dia é hoje？ 今天四十六号，Hoje é dia dezasseis,是吗？n?o é？ 现在几点？A que hora s?o？现在是七点. Agora s?o sete horas. 七、告别 喔，太晚了，我该走了。é muito tarde agora..Tenho de ir.
1. I see ．我明白了。 2. I quit! 我不干了! 3. Let go! 放手! 4. Me too ．我也是。 5. My god! 天哪! 6. No way! 不行! 7. Come on ．来吧( 赶快) 8. Hold on ．等一等。 9. I agree 。我同意。 10. Not bad ．还不错。 11. Not yet ．还没。 12. See you ．再见。 13. Shut up! 闭嘴! 14. So long ．再见。 15. Why not? 好呀! ( 为什么不呢?) 16. Allow me ．让我来。 17. Be quiet! 安静点! 18. Cheer up! 振作起来! 19. Good job! 做得好! 20. Have fun! 玩得开心! 21. How much? 多少钱? 22. I'm full ．我饱了。 23. I'm home ．我回来了。 24. I'm lost ．我迷路了。 25. My treat ．我请客。 26. So do I ．我也一样。 27. This way 。这边请。 28. After you ．您先。 29. Bless you! 祝福你! 30. Follow me ．跟我来。 31. Forget it! 休想! ( 算了!) 32. Good luck! 祝好运! 33. I decline! 我拒绝! 34. I promise ．我保证。 35. Of course! 当然了! 36. Slow down! 慢点! 37. Take care! 保重! 38. They hurt ．( 伤口) 疼。 39. Try again ．再试试。 40. Watch out! 当心。 41. What's up? 有什么事吗? 42. Be careful! 注意! 43. Bottoms up! 干杯( 见底)! 44. Don't move! 不许动! 45. Guess what? 猜猜看?
美国宾州切尼大学介绍 一、基本数据 联系方式 Cheyney 1837 University Circle Cheyney, PA 19319 United States (610) 399-2275 基本信息 建校时间:1837 男女同校:是
学校性质:公立 所在城市规模:Rural 学术校历表:Semester 基本宗教信仰:- 特殊宗教信仰:- 费用数据 州内学费:$8,602 州外学费:$12,966 房租及伙食费:$8,910 书费:$1,500 学生组成数据 全日制本科生:1,099在职本科生:42 男性本科生:548女性本科生:593研究生总人数:59 全日制研究生:27 在职研究生:32
二、助学金统计数据 基本信息 助学金申请表提交截止日期:March 15 (priority) 学费担保计划:不提供 预付学费计划:不提供 学费分期付款计划:提供 州内学费:$8,602 州外学费:$12,966 助学金联系方式 电话:(610) 399-2302 电子邮箱:暂无数据 网站:https://www.doczj.com/doc/a511696371.html,/financial-aid/index.cfm 补助/贷款联邦助学金机构助学金州助学金学生贷款总计?平均金额$5,155$3,290$4,177$6,803$10,675获助学金学生比例76%8%42%79%90%三、录取数据 录取总体数据
录取率:50%录取学生入学率:?37%招生办联系方式 电话:(610) 399-2275 电子邮箱:admissions@https://www.doczj.com/doc/a511696371.html, 网站:https://www.doczj.com/doc/a511696371.html,/admissions 申请信息 录取开放:是 是否为普通申请:否 申请费:$20 申请网站链接:https://www.doczj.com/doc/a511696371.html,/selfservice/Admissions...需了解的日期截止日期公告日期 常规录取March 31Rolling 务必回复暂无数据 新生入学数据 新生入学总人数:607 全日制项目男生人数:293 全日制项目女生人数:314
美国文学部分(American Literature) 一．独立革命前后的文学（The Literature Around the Revolution of Independence） 1．本章考核知识点和考核要求： 1)．殖民地时期的文学的特点 2)．主要的作家、其概况及其代表作品 2．独立革命前后时期的主要作家 本杰明·富兰克林Benjamin Franklin本杰明·富兰克林，散文家、科学家、社会活动家，曾参与起草―独立宣言。 《穷查理历书》Poor Richard’s Almanack 《致富之道》The Way to Wealth 《自传》The Autobiography 托马斯·潘恩Thomas Paine托马斯·潘恩，散文家、政治家、报刊撰稿人。 《税务员问题》The Case of the Officers of Excise 《常识》Common Sense 《美国危机》American Crisis 《人的权利》Rights of Man 《专制体制的崩溃》Downfall of Despotism 《理性时代》The Age of Reason 菲利普·弗伦诺Philip Freneau菲利普·弗伦诺，著名的―革命诗人‖。 《蒸蒸日上的美洲》―The Rising Glory of America‖
《英国囚船》―The British Prison Ship‖ 《纪念美国勇士》同类诗中最佳―To the Memory of the Brave Americans‖ 《野生的金银花》―The Wild Honeysuckle‖ 《印第安人殡葬地》―The Indian Burying Ground‖ 1二．美国浪漫主义文学（American Romanticism） 1．本章考核知识点和考核要求： 1)．美国浪漫主义文学产生的社会历史及文化背景 2)．主要作家的创作思想、艺术特色及其代表作品的主题结构、人物刻画和语言风格 3)．清教主义、超验主义、象征主义、自由诗等名词的解释 2.美国浪漫主义时期的主要作家 华盛顿·欧文Washington Irving华盛顿·欧文，美国著名小说家，被称为―美国文学之父‖.《瑞普·凡·温可尔》Rip Van Winkle 《纽约外史》A History of New York 《见闻札记》The Sketch Book 《睡谷的传说》The Legend of Sleepy Hollow 詹姆斯·费尼莫尔·库珀James Fenimore Cooper 詹姆斯·费尼莫尔·库珀开创了以《皮裹腿故事集》为代表的边疆传奇小说，其中最为重要的一部是《最后的莫西干人》。 《皮裹腿故事集》Leatherstocking Tales 《间谍》The Spy 《领航者》The Pilot
葡萄牙语常用语句中英文对照 葡萄牙语常用语句中英文对照 不是=No 谢谢=Obrigado 非常感谢/很感谢=Muitoobrigado(a) 不客气=Denada 请=Sefazfavor 劳驾/对不起=Comlicena 你好=Olá 再见=Adeus,Tchau 再见=Atéjá;Atélogo 早上好=Bomdia 下午好=Boatarde 晚上好=Boanoite 晚安=Boanoite 我不明白/我不懂=Nopercebo. 这个用....语怎么讲？=Comoéquesedizissoem[português]你会讲....吗=Vocêfala... 法语=francês 德语=alemo
西班牙语=espanhol 汉语=chinês 我们=Nós 你=Tu 您=Você 你们=Vocês;Vós 他们=Eles(m),Elas(f) 很高兴遇见你=Muitogosto. 你好吗？=Comoestá 好=Bem 不好=Mal 还行=Maisoumenos 妻子=Mulher 丈夫=Marido 女儿=Filha 儿子=Filho 妈妈=Me 爸爸=Pai 朋友=Amigo(m),Amiga(f) 洗手间在哪里=OndeéoquartodebanhoOndeéocasadebanho我喜欢和你在一起。Eugostoevocêjunto. Bomdia!（早安！） Boatarde!（下午好！）
Boanoite!（晚安！） Comovai（你好吗？正式问候语） Oi!（喂！非正式问候语） Bem,obrigado.（很好，谢谢。如果是女人，则说obrigada。）Obrigado/da.（谢谢） Denada.（不客气） Porfavor.（请。请求别人做事情之前说的） Desculpe.（抱歉） Atelogo!（再见！正式说法） Tchau!（再见！非正式说法，来自意利语，发音类似＂乔＂。）Atédepois!（一会儿见！） Atéamanh!（明天见！） FelizAniversário!（生日快乐） FelizNatal!（圣诞节快乐） FelizAnoNovo!（新年快乐）
https://www.doczj.com/doc/a511696371.html, 美国宾州州立大学帕克分校位于美国宾西法尼亚州的宾州州立大学帕克分校，成立于1855年，共有十四个学院。该校2008年被U.S.News & World Report 评为“本科阶段商科教育最好的大学之一”（排名第21）和“本科阶段工科最好的大学之一”（排名第17）。2005年被Kiplinger’s Personal Finance 评为性价比最好的大学之一，教育学院排名全美前十名。 据美藤国际教育介绍，学校以适应本州及全美国的工业、农业、金融、教育等行业的实际需求为基本定位，不盲目追求“高、精、尖”，强调教学内容适合社会发展之需要，重点开展应用性科研项目，与工农业生产联系紧密。宾州是牛奶的重要生产地，学校为此在全美开设了最早的冰激凌本科专业，讲授奶制品制造技术。宾州农业发达，该校率先开设农业学士、研究生课程，培养高级农业技术人才。 宾州州立大学帕克分校专业 宾州州立大学帕克分校本科专业 广告学与公共关系学、非洲研究、生物医学、生物化学、植物学、植物病理学、保险学、保险统计学、地理学、演讲与人际传播、古典文学、临床心理学、比较文学、刑事司法学、犯罪学、人口研究与认可统计学、人类发展学、矿物经济学、生物学、建筑与环境设计、航空与航天工程、工商行政管理学、细胞生物学、农艺学与土壤学、牙科学、城市和区域规划学、昆虫学、陶瓷科学与工程、图案设计、工业管理学、采矿工程学、林学、戏剧与舞台艺术、工程与应用科学、教育学、教育心理学、教育管理学、英语、经济学、能源公立和政策、财政学、金融学、法语、语言学、政府与政治学、分子生物学、市场学、国际商业、 宾州州立大学帕克分校硕士专业
宾夕法尼亚大学申请条件及研究生学费
目录 宾夕法尼亚大学简介 (2) 宾夕法尼亚大学申请条件简介 (3) 宾夕法尼亚大学研究生学费简介 (4) 宾夕法尼亚大学申请条件及研究生学费详细介绍 (4) 宾夕法尼亚州立大学环境介绍 (8) 宾夕法尼亚州立大学的追根溯源 (12) 在宾夕法尼亚州立大学就读是怎样的一番体验 (15) 宾夕法尼亚大学简介 宾夕法尼亚州立大学（The Pennsylvania State University 缩写PSU)是位 于美国宾夕法尼亚州的一所公立大学。宾夕法尼亚州立大学[3] 在全美公立大学 中排名稳定在前十五，并且被誉为‘公立常春藤’，同时宾夕法尼亚州立大学是著名的AAU（Association of American Universities）联盟成员。宾州州立University Park分校在校学生人数为44817人，而宾州州立全部24个分校的 在校学生人数总和为95833人。其学术科研能力走在世界前列，在工程、气象、地球科学、地理、传媒、管理学、特殊教育、农学等方面堪称世界顶尖，也是 工业工程和英国文学在美国的发祥地。 宾州州立大学的工程学院拥有极好的名誉。美国的优秀工程师里，每50人就 有一人出自宾州州立。这也给学校带来了相当丰厚的科研资金。许多相关企业 直接和学校展开合作，进行研发。宾州州立大学的地球与矿产科学学院在美国 同类学院中排名第六（仅次于加州理工学院、麻省理工学院、密歇根大学、斯 坦福大学和加州大学伯克利分校）。该学院校友得到过诺贝尔奖提名。其中， 该学院的地理专业长期排名全美第一，地质专业全美第三，算得上是世界顶尖，